xref: /freebsd/sbin/route/route.c (revision c6ec7d31830ab1c80edae95ad5e4b9dba10c47ac)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #ifndef lint
31 static const char copyright[] =
32 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1991, 1993\n\
33 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
34 #endif /* not lint */
35 
36 #ifndef lint
37 #if 0
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)route.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 4/28/95";
39 #endif
40 #endif /* not lint */
41 
42 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
43 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
44 
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/file.h>
47 #include <sys/socket.h>
48 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
49 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
50 #include <sys/types.h>
51 #include <sys/queue.h>
52 
53 #include <net/if.h>
54 #include <net/route.h>
55 #include <net/if_dl.h>
56 #include <netinet/in.h>
57 #include <netinet/if_ether.h>
58 #include <netatalk/at.h>
59 #include <arpa/inet.h>
60 #include <netdb.h>
61 
62 #include <ctype.h>
63 #include <err.h>
64 #include <errno.h>
65 #include <paths.h>
66 #include <stdio.h>
67 #include <stdlib.h>
68 #include <string.h>
69 #include <sysexits.h>
70 #include <unistd.h>
71 #include <ifaddrs.h>
72 
73 struct keytab {
74 	const char	*kt_cp;
75 	int	kt_i;
76 } keywords[] = {
77 #include "keywords.h"
78 	{0, 0}
79 };
80 
81 union	sockunion {
82 	struct	sockaddr sa;
83 	struct	sockaddr_in sin;
84 #ifdef INET6
85 	struct	sockaddr_in6 sin6;
86 #endif
87 	struct	sockaddr_at sat;
88 	struct	sockaddr_dl sdl;
89 	struct	sockaddr_inarp sinarp;
90 	struct	sockaddr_storage ss; /* added to avoid memory overrun */
91 } so_dst, so_gate, so_mask, so_genmask, so_ifa, so_ifp;
92 
93 typedef union sockunion *sup;
94 int	pid, rtm_addrs;
95 int	s;
96 int	forcehost, forcenet, doflush, nflag, af, qflag, tflag;
97 int	iflag, verbose, aflen = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in);
98 int	locking, lockrest, debugonly;
99 struct	rt_metrics rt_metrics;
100 u_long  rtm_inits;
101 uid_t	uid;
102 static int	defaultfib;
103 static int	numfibs;
104 
105 static int	atalk_aton(const char *, struct at_addr *);
106 static char	*atalk_ntoa(struct at_addr);
107 static void	bprintf(FILE *, int, u_char *);
108 static void	flushroutes(int argc, char *argv[]);
109 static int	flushroutes_fib(int);
110 static int	getaddr(int, char *, struct hostent **);
111 static int	keyword(const char *);
112 static void	inet_makenetandmask(u_long, struct sockaddr_in *, u_long);
113 #ifdef INET6
114 static int inet6_makenetandmask(struct sockaddr_in6 *, const char *);
115 #endif
116 static void	interfaces(void);
117 static void	mask_addr(void);
118 static void	monitor(int, char*[]);
119 static const char	*netname(struct sockaddr *);
120 static void	newroute(int, char **);
121 static int	newroute_fib(int, char *, int);
122 static void	pmsg_addrs(char *, int, size_t);
123 static void	pmsg_common(struct rt_msghdr *, size_t);
124 static int	prefixlen(const char *);
125 static void	print_getmsg(struct rt_msghdr *, int, int);
126 static void	print_rtmsg(struct rt_msghdr *, size_t);
127 static const char	*routename(struct sockaddr *);
128 static int	rtmsg(int, int, int);
129 static void	set_metric(char *, int);
130 static int	set_sofib(int);
131 static int	set_procfib(int);
132 static void	sockaddr(char *, struct sockaddr *);
133 static void	sodump(sup, const char *);
134 extern	char *iso_ntoa(void);
135 
136 struct fibl {
137 	TAILQ_ENTRY(fibl)	fl_next;
138 
139 	int	fl_num;
140 	int	fl_error;
141 	int	fl_errno;
142 };
143 TAILQ_HEAD(fibl_head_t, fibl) fibl_head;
144 
145 static int	fiboptlist_csv(const char *, struct fibl_head_t *);
146 static int	fiboptlist_range(const char *, struct fibl_head_t *);
147 
148 static void usage(const char *) __dead2;
149 
150 void
151 usage(const char *cp)
152 {
153 	if (cp != NULL)
154 		warnx("bad keyword: %s", cp);
155 	(void) fprintf(stderr,
156 	    "usage: route [-dnqtv] command [[modifiers] args]\n");
157 	exit(EX_USAGE);
158 	/* NOTREACHED */
159 }
160 
161 int
162 main(int argc, char **argv)
163 {
164 	int ch;
165 	size_t len;
166 
167 	if (argc < 2)
168 		usage(NULL);
169 
170 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "nqdtv")) != -1)
171 		switch(ch) {
172 		case 'n':
173 			nflag = 1;
174 			break;
175 		case 'q':
176 			qflag = 1;
177 			break;
178 		case 'v':
179 			verbose = 1;
180 			break;
181 		case 't':
182 			tflag = 1;
183 			break;
184 		case 'd':
185 			debugonly = 1;
186 			break;
187 		case '?':
188 		default:
189 			usage(NULL);
190 		}
191 	argc -= optind;
192 	argv += optind;
193 
194 	pid = getpid();
195 	uid = geteuid();
196 	if (tflag)
197 		s = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_WRONLY, 0);
198 	else
199 		s = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, 0);
200 	if (s < 0)
201 		err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
202 
203 	len = sizeof(numfibs);
204 	if (sysctlbyname("net.fibs", (void *)&numfibs, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
205 		numfibs = -1;
206 
207 	len = sizeof(defaultfib);
208 	if (numfibs != -1 &&
209 	    sysctlbyname("net.my_fibnum", (void *)&defaultfib, &len, NULL,
210 		0) == -1)
211 		defaultfib = -1;
212 
213 	if (*argv != NULL)
214 		switch (keyword(*argv)) {
215 		case K_GET:
216 		case K_SHOW:
217 			uid = 0;
218 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
219 
220 		case K_CHANGE:
221 		case K_ADD:
222 		case K_DEL:
223 		case K_DELETE:
224 			newroute(argc, argv);
225 			/* NOTREACHED */
226 
227 		case K_MONITOR:
228 			monitor(argc, argv);
229 			/* NOTREACHED */
230 
231 		case K_FLUSH:
232 			flushroutes(argc, argv);
233 			exit(0);
234 			/* NOTREACHED */
235 		}
236 	usage(*argv);
237 	/* NOTREACHED */
238 }
239 
240 static int
241 set_sofib(int fib)
242 {
243 
244 	if (fib < 0)
245 		return (0);
246 	return (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SETFIB, (void *)&fib,
247 	    sizeof(fib)));
248 }
249 
250 static int
251 set_procfib(int fib)
252 {
253 
254 	if (fib < 0)
255 		return (0);
256 	return (setfib(fib));
257 }
258 
259 static int
260 fiboptlist_range(const char *arg, struct fibl_head_t *flh)
261 {
262 	struct fibl *fl;
263 	char *str0, *str, *token, *endptr;
264 	int fib[2], i, error;
265 
266 	str0 = str = strdup(arg);
267 	error = 0;
268 	i = 0;
269 	while ((token = strsep(&str, "-")) != NULL) {
270 		switch (i) {
271 		case 0:
272 		case 1:
273 			errno = 0;
274 			fib[i] = strtol(token, &endptr, 0);
275 			if (errno == 0) {
276 				if (*endptr != '\0' ||
277 				    fib[i] < 0 ||
278 				    (numfibs != -1 && fib[i] > numfibs - 1))
279 					errno = EINVAL;
280 			}
281 			if (errno)
282 				error = 1;
283 			break;
284 		default:
285 			error = 1;
286 		}
287 		if (error)
288 			goto fiboptlist_range_ret;
289 		i++;
290 	}
291 	if (fib[0] >= fib[1]) {
292 		error = 1;
293 		goto fiboptlist_range_ret;
294 	}
295 	for (i = fib[0]; i <= fib[1]; i++) {
296 		fl = calloc(1, sizeof(*fl));
297 		if (fl == NULL) {
298 			error = 1;
299 			goto fiboptlist_range_ret;
300 		}
301 		fl->fl_num = i;
302 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(flh, fl, fl_next);
303 	}
304 fiboptlist_range_ret:
305 	free(str0);
306 	return (error);
307 }
308 
309 #define	ALLSTRLEN	64
310 static int
311 fiboptlist_csv(const char *arg, struct fibl_head_t *flh)
312 {
313 	struct fibl *fl;
314 	char *str0, *str, *token, *endptr;
315 	int fib, error;
316 
317 	if (strcmp("all", arg) == 0) {
318 		str = calloc(1, ALLSTRLEN);
319 		if (str == NULL) {
320 			error = 1;
321 			goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
322 		}
323 		if (numfibs > 1)
324 			snprintf(str, ALLSTRLEN - 1, "%d-%d", 0, numfibs - 1);
325 		else
326 			snprintf(str, ALLSTRLEN - 1, "%d", 0);
327 	} else if (strcmp("default", arg) == 0) {
328 		str0 = str = calloc(1, ALLSTRLEN);
329 		if (str == NULL) {
330 			error = 1;
331 			goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
332 		}
333 		snprintf(str, ALLSTRLEN - 1, "%d", defaultfib);
334 	} else
335 		str0 = str = strdup(arg);
336 
337 	error = 0;
338 	while ((token = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
339 		if (*token != '-' && strchr(token, '-') != NULL) {
340 			error = fiboptlist_range(token, flh);
341 			if (error)
342 				goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
343 		} else {
344 			errno = 0;
345 			fib = strtol(token, &endptr, 0);
346 			if (errno == 0) {
347 				if (*endptr != '\0' ||
348 				    fib < 0 ||
349 				    (numfibs != -1 && fib > numfibs - 1))
350 					errno = EINVAL;
351 			}
352 			if (errno) {
353 				error = 1;
354 				goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
355 			}
356 			fl = calloc(1, sizeof(*fl));
357 			if (fl == NULL) {
358 				error = 1;
359 				goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
360 			}
361 			fl->fl_num = fib;
362 			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(flh, fl, fl_next);
363 		}
364 	}
365 fiboptlist_csv_ret:
366 	free(str0);
367 	return (error);
368 }
369 
370 /*
371  * Purge all entries in the routing tables not
372  * associated with network interfaces.
373  */
374 static void
375 flushroutes(int argc, char *argv[])
376 {
377 	struct fibl *fl;
378 	int error;
379 
380 	if (uid != 0 && !debugonly && !tflag) {
381 		errx(EX_NOPERM, "must be root to alter routing table");
382 	}
383 	shutdown(s, SHUT_RD); /* Don't want to read back our messages */
384 
385 	TAILQ_INIT(&fibl_head);
386 	while (argc > 1) {
387 		argc--;
388 		argv++;
389 		if (**argv != '-')
390 			usage(*argv);
391 		switch (keyword(*argv + 1)) {
392 		case K_INET:
393 			af = AF_INET;
394 			break;
395 #ifdef INET6
396 		case K_INET6:
397 			af = AF_INET6;
398 			break;
399 #endif
400 		case K_ATALK:
401 			af = AF_APPLETALK;
402 			break;
403 		case K_LINK:
404 			af = AF_LINK;
405 			break;
406 		case K_FIB:
407 			if (!--argc)
408 				usage(*argv);
409 			error = fiboptlist_csv(*++argv, &fibl_head);
410 			if (error)
411 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid fib number: %s", *argv);
412 			break;
413 		default:
414 			usage(*argv);
415 		}
416 	}
417 	if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&fibl_head)) {
418 		error = fiboptlist_csv("default", &fibl_head);
419 		if (error)
420 			errx(EX_OSERR, "fiboptlist_csv failed.");
421 	}
422 	TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next)
423 		flushroutes_fib(fl->fl_num);
424 }
425 
426 static int
427 flushroutes_fib(int fib)
428 {
429 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
430 	size_t needed;
431 	char *buf, *next, *lim;
432 	int mib[6], rlen, seqno, count = 0;
433 	int error;
434 
435 	error = set_sofib(fib);
436 	error += set_procfib(fib);
437 	if (error) {
438 		warn("fib number %d is ignored", fib);
439 		return (error);
440 	}
441 
442 retry:
443 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
444 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
445 	mib[2] = 0;		/* protocol */
446 	mib[3] = 0;		/* wildcard address family */
447 	mib[4] = NET_RT_DUMP;
448 	mib[5] = 0;		/* no flags */
449 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
450 		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-estimate");
451 	if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL)
452 		errx(EX_OSERR, "malloc failed");
453 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
454 		if (errno == ENOMEM && count++ < 10) {
455 			warnx("Routing table grew, retrying");
456 			sleep(1);
457 			free(buf);
458 			goto retry;
459 		}
460 		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-get");
461 	}
462 	lim = buf + needed;
463 	if (verbose)
464 		(void) printf("Examining routing table from sysctl\n");
465 	seqno = 0;		/* ??? */
466 	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
467 		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
468 		if (verbose)
469 			print_rtmsg(rtm, rtm->rtm_msglen);
470 		if ((rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) == 0)
471 			continue;
472 		if (af != 0) {
473 			struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
474 
475 			if (sa->sa_family != af)
476 				continue;
477 		}
478 		if (debugonly)
479 			continue;
480 		rtm->rtm_type = RTM_DELETE;
481 		rtm->rtm_seq = seqno;
482 		rlen = write(s, next, rtm->rtm_msglen);
483 		if (rlen < 0 && errno == EPERM)
484 			err(1, "write to routing socket");
485 		if (rlen < (int)rtm->rtm_msglen) {
486 			warn("write to routing socket");
487 			(void) printf("got only %d for rlen\n", rlen);
488 			free(buf);
489 			goto retry;
490 			break;
491 		}
492 		seqno++;
493 		if (qflag)
494 			continue;
495 		if (verbose)
496 			print_rtmsg(rtm, rlen);
497 		else {
498 			struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
499 
500 			printf("%-20.20s ", rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_HOST ?
501 			    routename(sa) : netname(sa));
502 			sa = (struct sockaddr *)(SA_SIZE(sa) + (char *)sa);
503 			printf("%-20.20s ", routename(sa));
504 			if (fib >= 0)
505 				printf("-fib %-3d ", fib);
506 			printf("done\n");
507 		}
508 	}
509 	return (error);
510 }
511 
512 const char *
513 routename(struct sockaddr *sa)
514 {
515 	const char *cp;
516 	static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
517 	struct hostent *hp;
518 	static char domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
519 	static int first = 1, n;
520 
521 	if (first) {
522 		first = 0;
523 		if (gethostname(domain, MAXHOSTNAMELEN) == 0 &&
524 		    (cp = strchr(domain, '.'))) {
525 			domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN] = '\0';
526 			(void) strcpy(domain, cp + 1);
527 		} else
528 			domain[0] = 0;
529 	}
530 
531 	if (sa->sa_len == 0)
532 		strcpy(line, "default");
533 	else switch (sa->sa_family) {
534 
535 	case AF_INET:
536 	    {	struct in_addr in;
537 		in = ((struct sockaddr_in *)sa)->sin_addr;
538 
539 		cp = NULL;
540 		if (in.s_addr == INADDR_ANY || sa->sa_len < 4)
541 			cp = "default";
542 		if (cp == NULL && !nflag) {
543 			hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&in, sizeof (struct in_addr),
544 				AF_INET);
545 			if (hp != NULL) {
546 				char *cptr;
547 				cptr = strchr(hp->h_name, '.');
548 				if (cptr != NULL &&
549 				    strcmp(cptr + 1, domain) == 0)
550 					*cptr = '\0';
551 				cp = hp->h_name;
552 			}
553 		}
554 		if (cp != NULL) {
555 			strncpy(line, cp, sizeof(line) - 1);
556 			line[sizeof(line) - 1] = '\0';
557 		} else
558 			(void) sprintf(line, "%s", inet_ntoa(in));
559 		break;
560 	    }
561 
562 #ifdef INET6
563 	case AF_INET6:
564 	{
565 		struct sockaddr_in6 sin6; /* use static var for safety */
566 		int niflags = 0;
567 
568 		memset(&sin6, 0, sizeof(sin6));
569 		memcpy(&sin6, sa, sa->sa_len);
570 		sin6.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
571 		sin6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
572 		if (nflag)
573 			niflags |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
574 		if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&sin6, sin6.sin6_len,
575 		    line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0, niflags) != 0)
576 			strncpy(line, "invalid", sizeof(line));
577 
578 		return(line);
579 	}
580 #endif
581 
582 	case AF_APPLETALK:
583 		(void) snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "atalk %s",
584 			atalk_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_at *)sa)->sat_addr));
585 		break;
586 
587 	case AF_LINK:
588 		return (link_ntoa((struct sockaddr_dl *)sa));
589 
590 	default:
591 	    {
592 		u_short *sp = (u_short *)sa;
593 		u_short *splim = sp + ((sa->sa_len + 1) >> 1);
594 		char *cps = line + sprintf(line, "(%d)", sa->sa_family);
595 		char *cpe = line + sizeof(line);
596 
597 		while (++sp < splim && cps < cpe) /* start with sa->sa_data */
598 			if ((n = snprintf(cps, cpe - cps, " %x", *sp)) > 0)
599 				cps += n;
600 			else
601 				*cps = '\0';
602 		break;
603 	    }
604 	}
605 	return (line);
606 }
607 
608 /*
609  * Return the name of the network whose address is given.
610  * The address is assumed to be that of a net, not a host.
611  */
612 const char *
613 netname(struct sockaddr *sa)
614 {
615 	const char *cp = NULL;
616 	static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
617 	struct netent *np = NULL;
618 	u_long i;
619 	int n;
620 
621 	switch (sa->sa_family) {
622 
623 	case AF_INET:
624 	    {	struct in_addr in;
625 		in = ((struct sockaddr_in *)sa)->sin_addr;
626 
627 		i = in.s_addr = ntohl(in.s_addr);
628 		if (in.s_addr == 0)
629 			cp = "default";
630 		else if (!nflag) {
631 			np = getnetbyaddr(i, AF_INET);
632 			if (np != NULL)
633 				cp = np->n_name;
634 		}
635 #define C(x)	(unsigned)((x) & 0xff)
636 		if (cp != NULL)
637 			strncpy(line, cp, sizeof(line));
638 		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xffffff) == 0)
639 			(void) sprintf(line, "%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24));
640 		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xffff) == 0)
641 			(void) sprintf(line, "%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
642 			    C(in.s_addr >> 16));
643 		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xff) == 0)
644 			(void) sprintf(line, "%u.%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
645 			    C(in.s_addr >> 16), C(in.s_addr >> 8));
646 		else
647 			(void) sprintf(line, "%u.%u.%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
648 			    C(in.s_addr >> 16), C(in.s_addr >> 8),
649 			    C(in.s_addr));
650 #undef C
651 		break;
652 	    }
653 
654 #ifdef INET6
655 	case AF_INET6:
656 	{
657 		struct sockaddr_in6 sin6; /* use static var for safety */
658 		int niflags = 0;
659 
660 		memset(&sin6, 0, sizeof(sin6));
661 		memcpy(&sin6, sa, sa->sa_len);
662 		sin6.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
663 		sin6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
664 		if (nflag)
665 			niflags |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
666 		if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&sin6, sin6.sin6_len,
667 		    line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0, niflags) != 0)
668 			strncpy(line, "invalid", sizeof(line));
669 
670 		return(line);
671 	}
672 #endif
673 
674 	case AF_APPLETALK:
675 		(void) snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "atalk %s",
676 			atalk_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_at *)sa)->sat_addr));
677 		break;
678 
679 	case AF_LINK:
680 		return (link_ntoa((struct sockaddr_dl *)sa));
681 
682 
683 	default:
684 	    {
685 		u_short *sp = (u_short *)sa->sa_data;
686 		u_short *splim = sp + ((sa->sa_len + 1)>>1);
687 		char *cps = line + sprintf(line, "af %d:", sa->sa_family);
688 		char *cpe = line + sizeof(line);
689 
690 		while (sp < splim && cps < cpe)
691 			if ((n = snprintf(cps, cpe - cps, " %x", *sp++)) > 0)
692 				cps += n;
693 			else
694 				*cps = '\0';
695 		break;
696 	    }
697 	}
698 	return (line);
699 }
700 
701 static void
702 set_metric(char *value, int key)
703 {
704 	int flag = 0;
705 	u_long noval, *valp = &noval;
706 
707 	switch (key) {
708 #define caseof(x, y, z)	case x: valp = &rt_metrics.z; flag = y; break
709 	caseof(K_MTU, RTV_MTU, rmx_mtu);
710 	caseof(K_HOPCOUNT, RTV_HOPCOUNT, rmx_hopcount);
711 	caseof(K_EXPIRE, RTV_EXPIRE, rmx_expire);
712 	caseof(K_RECVPIPE, RTV_RPIPE, rmx_recvpipe);
713 	caseof(K_SENDPIPE, RTV_SPIPE, rmx_sendpipe);
714 	caseof(K_SSTHRESH, RTV_SSTHRESH, rmx_ssthresh);
715 	caseof(K_RTT, RTV_RTT, rmx_rtt);
716 	caseof(K_RTTVAR, RTV_RTTVAR, rmx_rttvar);
717 	caseof(K_WEIGHT, RTV_WEIGHT, rmx_weight);
718 	}
719 	rtm_inits |= flag;
720 	if (lockrest || locking)
721 		rt_metrics.rmx_locks |= flag;
722 	if (locking)
723 		locking = 0;
724 	*valp = atoi(value);
725 }
726 
727 #define	F_ISHOST	0x01
728 #define	F_FORCENET	0x02
729 #define	F_FORCEHOST	0x04
730 #define	F_PROXY		0x08
731 #define	F_INTERFACE	0x10
732 
733 static void
734 newroute(int argc, char **argv)
735 {
736 	struct hostent *hp;
737 	struct fibl *fl;
738 	char *cmd;
739 	const char *dest, *gateway, *errmsg;
740 	int key, error, flags, nrflags, fibnum;
741 
742 	if (uid != 0 && !debugonly && !tflag) {
743 		errx(EX_NOPERM, "must be root to alter routing table");
744 	}
745 
746 	dest = NULL;
747 	gateway = NULL;
748 	flags = RTF_STATIC;
749 	nrflags = 0;
750 	hp = NULL;
751 	TAILQ_INIT(&fibl_head);
752 
753 	cmd = argv[0];
754 	if (*cmd != 'g' && *cmd != 's')
755 		shutdown(s, SHUT_RD); /* Don't want to read back our messages */
756 
757 	while (--argc > 0) {
758 		if (**(++argv)== '-') {
759 			switch (key = keyword(1 + *argv)) {
760 			case K_LINK:
761 				af = AF_LINK;
762 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
763 				break;
764 			case K_INET:
765 				af = AF_INET;
766 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
767 				break;
768 #ifdef INET6
769 			case K_INET6:
770 				af = AF_INET6;
771 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
772 				break;
773 #endif
774 			case K_ATALK:
775 				af = AF_APPLETALK;
776 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_at);
777 				break;
778 			case K_SA:
779 				af = PF_ROUTE;
780 				aflen = sizeof(union sockunion);
781 				break;
782 			case K_IFACE:
783 			case K_INTERFACE:
784 				nrflags |= F_INTERFACE;
785 				break;
786 			case K_NOSTATIC:
787 				flags &= ~RTF_STATIC;
788 				break;
789 			case K_LOCK:
790 				locking = 1;
791 				break;
792 			case K_LOCKREST:
793 				lockrest = 1;
794 				break;
795 			case K_HOST:
796 				nrflags |= F_FORCEHOST;
797 				break;
798 			case K_REJECT:
799 				flags |= RTF_REJECT;
800 				break;
801 			case K_BLACKHOLE:
802 				flags |= RTF_BLACKHOLE;
803 				break;
804 			case K_PROTO1:
805 				flags |= RTF_PROTO1;
806 				break;
807 			case K_PROTO2:
808 				flags |= RTF_PROTO2;
809 				break;
810 			case K_PROXY:
811 				nrflags |= F_PROXY;
812 				break;
813 			case K_XRESOLVE:
814 				flags |= RTF_XRESOLVE;
815 				break;
816 			case K_STATIC:
817 				flags |= RTF_STATIC;
818 				break;
819 			case K_STICKY:
820 				flags |= RTF_STICKY;
821 				break;
822 			case K_NOSTICK:
823 				flags &= ~RTF_STICKY;
824 				break;
825 			case K_FIB:
826 				if (!--argc)
827 					usage(NULL);
828 				error = fiboptlist_csv(*++argv, &fibl_head);
829 				if (error)
830 					errx(EX_USAGE,
831 					    "invalid fib number: %s", *argv);
832 				break;
833 			case K_IFA:
834 				if (!--argc)
835 					usage(NULL);
836 				(void) getaddr(RTA_IFA, *++argv, 0);
837 				break;
838 			case K_IFP:
839 				if (!--argc)
840 					usage(NULL);
841 				(void) getaddr(RTA_IFP, *++argv, 0);
842 				break;
843 			case K_GENMASK:
844 				if (!--argc)
845 					usage(NULL);
846 				(void) getaddr(RTA_GENMASK, *++argv, 0);
847 				break;
848 			case K_GATEWAY:
849 				if (!--argc)
850 					usage(NULL);
851 				(void) getaddr(RTA_GATEWAY, *++argv, 0);
852 				break;
853 			case K_DST:
854 				if (!--argc)
855 					usage(NULL);
856 				if (getaddr(RTA_DST, *++argv, &hp))
857 					nrflags |= F_ISHOST;
858 				dest = *argv;
859 				break;
860 			case K_NETMASK:
861 				if (!--argc)
862 					usage(NULL);
863 				(void) getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, *++argv, 0);
864 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
865 			case K_NET:
866 				nrflags |= F_FORCENET;
867 				break;
868 			case K_PREFIXLEN:
869 				if (!--argc)
870 					usage(NULL);
871 				if (prefixlen(*++argv) == -1) {
872 					nrflags &= ~F_FORCENET;
873 					nrflags |= F_ISHOST;
874 				} else {
875 					nrflags |= F_FORCENET;
876 					nrflags &= ~F_ISHOST;
877 				}
878 				break;
879 			case K_MTU:
880 			case K_HOPCOUNT:
881 			case K_EXPIRE:
882 			case K_RECVPIPE:
883 			case K_SENDPIPE:
884 			case K_SSTHRESH:
885 			case K_RTT:
886 			case K_RTTVAR:
887 			case K_WEIGHT:
888 				if (!--argc)
889 					usage(NULL);
890 				set_metric(*++argv, key);
891 				break;
892 			default:
893 				usage(1+*argv);
894 			}
895 		} else {
896 			if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_DST) == 0) {
897 				dest = *argv;
898 				if (getaddr(RTA_DST, *argv, &hp))
899 					nrflags |= F_ISHOST;
900 			} else if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_GATEWAY) == 0) {
901 				gateway = *argv;
902 				(void) getaddr(RTA_GATEWAY, *argv, &hp);
903 			} else {
904 				(void) getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, *argv, 0);
905 				nrflags |= F_FORCENET;
906 			}
907 		}
908 	}
909 
910 	if (nrflags & F_FORCEHOST) {
911 		nrflags |= F_ISHOST;
912 #ifdef INET6
913 		if (af == AF_INET6) {
914 			rtm_addrs &= ~RTA_NETMASK;
915 			memset((void *)&so_mask, 0, sizeof(so_mask));
916 		}
917 #endif
918 	}
919 	if (nrflags & F_FORCENET)
920 		nrflags &= ~F_ISHOST;
921 	flags |= RTF_UP;
922 	if (nrflags & F_ISHOST)
923 		flags |= RTF_HOST;
924 	if ((nrflags & F_INTERFACE) == 0)
925 		flags |= RTF_GATEWAY;
926 	if (nrflags & F_PROXY) {
927 		so_dst.sinarp.sin_other = SIN_PROXY;
928 		flags |= RTF_ANNOUNCE;
929 	}
930 	if (dest == NULL)
931 		dest = "";
932 	if (gateway == NULL)
933 		gateway = "";
934 
935 	if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&fibl_head)) {
936 		error = fiboptlist_csv("default", &fibl_head);
937 		if (error)
938 			errx(EX_OSERR, "fiboptlist_csv failed.");
939 	}
940 	error = 0;
941 	TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next) {
942 		fl->fl_error = newroute_fib(fl->fl_num, cmd, flags);
943 		if (fl->fl_error)
944 			fl->fl_errno = errno;
945 		error += fl->fl_error;
946 	}
947 	if (*cmd == 'g' || *cmd == 's')
948 		exit(error);
949 
950 	error = 0;
951 	if (!qflag) {
952 		fibnum = 0;
953 		TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next) {
954 			if (fl->fl_error == 0)
955 				fibnum++;
956 		}
957 		if (fibnum > 0) {
958 			int firstfib = 1;
959 
960 			printf("%s %s %s", cmd,
961 			    (nrflags & F_ISHOST) ? "host" : "net", dest);
962 			if (*gateway)
963 				printf(": gateway %s", gateway);
964 
965 			if (numfibs > 1) {
966 				TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next) {
967 					if (fl->fl_error == 0
968 					    && fl->fl_num >= 0) {
969 						if (firstfib) {
970 							printf(" fib ");
971 							firstfib = 0;
972 						}
973 						printf("%d", fl->fl_num);
974 						if (fibnum-- > 1)
975 							printf(",");
976 					}
977 				}
978 			}
979 			printf("\n");
980 		}
981 
982 		fibnum = 0;
983 		TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next) {
984 			if (fl->fl_error != 0) {
985 				printf("%s %s %s", cmd, (nrflags & F_ISHOST)
986 				    ? "host" : "net", dest);
987 				if (*gateway)
988 					printf(": gateway %s", gateway);
989 
990 				if (fl->fl_num >= 0)
991 					printf(" fib %d", fl->fl_num);
992 
993 				switch (fl->fl_errno) {
994 				case ESRCH:
995 					errmsg = "not in table";
996 					break;
997 				case EBUSY:
998 					errmsg = "entry in use";
999 					break;
1000 				case ENOBUFS:
1001 					errmsg = "not enough memory";
1002 					break;
1003 				case EADDRINUSE:
1004 					/*
1005 					 * handle recursion avoidance
1006 					 * in rt_setgate()
1007 					 */
1008 					errmsg = "gateway uses the same route";
1009 					break;
1010 				case EEXIST:
1011 					errmsg = "route already in table";
1012 					break;
1013 				default:
1014 					errmsg = strerror(fl->fl_errno);
1015 					break;
1016 				}
1017 				printf(": %s\n", errmsg);
1018 				error = 1;
1019 			}
1020 		}
1021 	}
1022 	exit(error);
1023 }
1024 
1025 static int
1026 newroute_fib(int fib, char *cmd, int flags)
1027 {
1028 	int error;
1029 
1030 	error = set_sofib(fib);
1031 	if (error) {
1032 		warn("fib number %d is ignored", fib);
1033 		return (error);
1034 	}
1035 
1036 	error = rtmsg(*cmd, flags, fib);
1037 	return (error);
1038 }
1039 
1040 static void
1041 inet_makenetandmask(u_long net, struct sockaddr_in *sin, u_long bits)
1042 {
1043 	u_long mask = 0;
1044 	char *cp;
1045 
1046 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1047 
1048 	/*
1049 	 * MSB of net should be meaningful. 0/0 is exception.
1050 	 */
1051 	if (net > 0)
1052 		while ((net & 0xff000000) == 0)
1053 			net <<= 8;
1054 
1055 	/*
1056 	 * If no /xx was specified we must calculate the
1057 	 * CIDR address.
1058 	 */
1059 	if ((bits == 0) && (net != 0)) {
1060 		u_long i, j;
1061 		for(i=0,j=0xff; i<4; i++)  {
1062 			if (net & j) {
1063 				break;
1064 			}
1065 			j <<= 8;
1066 		}
1067 		/* i holds the first non zero bit */
1068 		bits = 32 - (i*8);
1069 	}
1070 	if (bits != 0)
1071 		mask = 0xffffffff << (32 - bits);
1072 
1073 	sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(net);
1074 	sin = &so_mask.sin;
1075 	sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(mask);
1076 	sin->sin_len = 0;
1077 	sin->sin_family = 0;
1078 	cp = (char *)(&sin->sin_addr + 1);
1079 	while (*--cp == 0 && cp > (char *)sin)
1080 		;
1081 	sin->sin_len = 1 + cp - (char *)sin;
1082 }
1083 
1084 #ifdef INET6
1085 /*
1086  * XXX the function may need more improvement...
1087  */
1088 static int
1089 inet6_makenetandmask(struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6, const char *plen)
1090 {
1091 	struct in6_addr in6;
1092 
1093 	if (plen == NULL) {
1094 		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&sin6->sin6_addr) &&
1095 		    sin6->sin6_scope_id == 0) {
1096 			plen = "0";
1097 		} else if ((sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[0] & 0xe0) == 0x20) {
1098 			/* aggregatable global unicast - RFC2374 */
1099 			memset(&in6, 0, sizeof(in6));
1100 			if (!memcmp(&sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[8],
1101 				    &in6.s6_addr[8], 8))
1102 				plen = "64";
1103 		}
1104 	}
1105 
1106 	if (plen == NULL || strcmp(plen, "128") == 0)
1107 		return (1);
1108 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1109 	prefixlen(plen);
1110 	return (0);
1111 }
1112 #endif
1113 
1114 /*
1115  * Interpret an argument as a network address of some kind,
1116  * returning 1 if a host address, 0 if a network address.
1117  */
1118 static int
1119 getaddr(int which, char *str, struct hostent **hpp)
1120 {
1121 	sup su;
1122 	struct hostent *hp;
1123 	struct netent *np;
1124 	u_long val;
1125 	char *q;
1126 	int afamily;  /* local copy of af so we can change it */
1127 
1128 	if (af == 0) {
1129 		af = AF_INET;
1130 		aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1131 	}
1132 	afamily = af;
1133 	rtm_addrs |= which;
1134 	switch (which) {
1135 	case RTA_DST:
1136 		su = &so_dst;
1137 		break;
1138 	case RTA_GATEWAY:
1139 		su = &so_gate;
1140 		if (iflag) {
1141 			struct ifaddrs *ifap, *ifa;
1142 			struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = NULL;
1143 
1144 			if (getifaddrs(&ifap))
1145 				err(1, "getifaddrs");
1146 
1147 			for (ifa = ifap; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
1148 				if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_LINK)
1149 					continue;
1150 
1151 				if (strcmp(str, ifa->ifa_name) != 0)
1152 					continue;
1153 
1154 				sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)ifa->ifa_addr;
1155 			}
1156 			/* If we found it, then use it */
1157 			if (sdl != NULL) {
1158 				/*
1159 				 * Copy is safe since we have a
1160 				 * sockaddr_storage member in sockunion{}.
1161 				 * Note that we need to copy before calling
1162 				 * freeifaddrs().
1163 				 */
1164 				memcpy(&su->sdl, sdl, sdl->sdl_len);
1165 			}
1166 			freeifaddrs(ifap);
1167 			if (sdl != NULL)
1168 				return(1);
1169 		}
1170 		break;
1171 	case RTA_NETMASK:
1172 		su = &so_mask;
1173 		break;
1174 	case RTA_GENMASK:
1175 		su = &so_genmask;
1176 		break;
1177 	case RTA_IFP:
1178 		su = &so_ifp;
1179 		afamily = AF_LINK;
1180 		break;
1181 	case RTA_IFA:
1182 		su = &so_ifa;
1183 		break;
1184 	default:
1185 		usage("internal error");
1186 		/*NOTREACHED*/
1187 	}
1188 	su->sa.sa_len = aflen;
1189 	su->sa.sa_family = afamily; /* cases that don't want it have left already */
1190 	if (strcmp(str, "default") == 0) {
1191 		/*
1192 		 * Default is net 0.0.0.0/0
1193 		 */
1194 		switch (which) {
1195 		case RTA_DST:
1196 			forcenet++;
1197 #if 0
1198 			bzero(su, sizeof(*su));	/* for readability */
1199 #endif
1200 			getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, str, 0);
1201 			break;
1202 #if 0
1203 		case RTA_NETMASK:
1204 		case RTA_GENMASK:
1205 			bzero(su, sizeof(*su));	/* for readability */
1206 #endif
1207 		}
1208 		return (0);
1209 	}
1210 	switch (afamily) {
1211 #ifdef INET6
1212 	case AF_INET6:
1213 	{
1214 		struct addrinfo hints, *res;
1215 		int ecode;
1216 
1217 		q = NULL;
1218 		if (which == RTA_DST && (q = strchr(str, '/')) != NULL)
1219 			*q = '\0';
1220 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
1221 		hints.ai_family = afamily;	/*AF_INET6*/
1222 		hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;		/*dummy*/
1223 		ecode = getaddrinfo(str, NULL, &hints, &res);
1224 		if (ecode != 0 || res->ai_family != AF_INET6 ||
1225 		    res->ai_addrlen != sizeof(su->sin6)) {
1226 			(void) fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", str,
1227 			    gai_strerror(ecode));
1228 			exit(1);
1229 		}
1230 		memcpy(&su->sin6, res->ai_addr, sizeof(su->sin6));
1231 		freeaddrinfo(res);
1232 		if (q != NULL)
1233 			*q++ = '/';
1234 		if (which == RTA_DST)
1235 			return (inet6_makenetandmask(&su->sin6, q));
1236 		return (0);
1237 	}
1238 #endif /* INET6 */
1239 
1240 	case AF_APPLETALK:
1241 		if (!atalk_aton(str, &su->sat.sat_addr))
1242 			errx(EX_NOHOST, "bad address: %s", str);
1243 		rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1244 		return(forcehost || su->sat.sat_addr.s_node != 0);
1245 
1246 	case AF_LINK:
1247 		link_addr(str, &su->sdl);
1248 		return (1);
1249 
1250 
1251 	case PF_ROUTE:
1252 		su->sa.sa_len = sizeof(*su);
1253 		sockaddr(str, &su->sa);
1254 		return (1);
1255 
1256 	case AF_INET:
1257 	default:
1258 		break;
1259 	}
1260 
1261 	if (hpp == NULL)
1262 		hpp = &hp;
1263 	*hpp = NULL;
1264 
1265 	q = strchr(str,'/');
1266 	if (q != NULL && which == RTA_DST) {
1267 		*q = '\0';
1268 		if ((val = inet_network(str)) != INADDR_NONE) {
1269 			inet_makenetandmask(
1270 				val, &su->sin, strtoul(q+1, 0, 0));
1271 			return (0);
1272 		}
1273 		*q = '/';
1274 	}
1275 	if ((which != RTA_DST || forcenet == 0) &&
1276 	    inet_aton(str, &su->sin.sin_addr)) {
1277 		val = su->sin.sin_addr.s_addr;
1278 		if (which != RTA_DST || forcehost ||
1279 		    inet_lnaof(su->sin.sin_addr) != INADDR_ANY)
1280 			return (1);
1281 		else {
1282 			val = ntohl(val);
1283 			goto netdone;
1284 		}
1285 	}
1286 	if (which == RTA_DST && forcehost == 0 &&
1287 	    ((val = inet_network(str)) != INADDR_NONE ||
1288 	    ((np = getnetbyname(str)) != NULL && (val = np->n_net) != 0))) {
1289 netdone:
1290 		inet_makenetandmask(val, &su->sin, 0);
1291 		return (0);
1292 	}
1293 	hp = gethostbyname(str);
1294 	if (hp != NULL) {
1295 		*hpp = hp;
1296 		su->sin.sin_family = hp->h_addrtype;
1297 		memmove((char *)&su->sin.sin_addr, hp->h_addr,
1298 		    MIN((size_t)hp->h_length, sizeof(su->sin.sin_addr)));
1299 		return (1);
1300 	}
1301 	errx(EX_NOHOST, "bad address: %s", str);
1302 }
1303 
1304 static int
1305 prefixlen(const char *str)
1306 {
1307 	int len = atoi(str), q, r;
1308 	int max;
1309 	char *p;
1310 
1311 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1312 	switch (af) {
1313 #ifdef INET6
1314 	case AF_INET6:
1315 		max = 128;
1316 		p = (char *)&so_mask.sin6.sin6_addr;
1317 		break;
1318 #endif
1319 	case AF_INET:
1320 		max = 32;
1321 		p = (char *)&so_mask.sin.sin_addr;
1322 		break;
1323 	default:
1324 		fprintf(stderr, "prefixlen not supported in this af\n");
1325 		exit(1);
1326 	}
1327 
1328 	if (len < 0 || max < len) {
1329 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: bad value\n", str);
1330 		exit(1);
1331 	}
1332 
1333 	q = len >> 3;
1334 	r = len & 7;
1335 	so_mask.sa.sa_family = af;
1336 	so_mask.sa.sa_len = aflen;
1337 	memset((void *)p, 0, max / 8);
1338 	if (q > 0)
1339 		memset((void *)p, 0xff, q);
1340 	if (r > 0)
1341 		*((u_char *)p + q) = (0xff00 >> r) & 0xff;
1342 	if (len == max)
1343 		return (-1);
1344 	else
1345 		return (len);
1346 }
1347 
1348 static void
1349 interfaces(void)
1350 {
1351 	size_t needed;
1352 	int mib[6];
1353 	char *buf, *lim, *next, count = 0;
1354 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
1355 
1356 retry2:
1357 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
1358 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
1359 	mib[2] = 0;		/* protocol */
1360 	mib[3] = 0;		/* wildcard address family */
1361 	mib[4] = NET_RT_IFLIST;
1362 	mib[5] = 0;		/* no flags */
1363 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
1364 		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-estimate");
1365 	if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL)
1366 		errx(EX_OSERR, "malloc failed");
1367 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
1368 		if (errno == ENOMEM && count++ < 10) {
1369 			warnx("Routing table grew, retrying");
1370 			sleep(1);
1371 			free(buf);
1372 			goto retry2;
1373 		}
1374 		err(EX_OSERR, "actual retrieval of interface table");
1375 	}
1376 	lim = buf + needed;
1377 	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
1378 		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
1379 		print_rtmsg(rtm, rtm->rtm_msglen);
1380 	}
1381 }
1382 
1383 static void
1384 monitor(int argc, char *argv[])
1385 {
1386 	int n, fib, error;
1387 	char msg[2048], *endptr;
1388 
1389 	fib = defaultfib;
1390 	while (argc > 1) {
1391 		argc--;
1392 		argv++;
1393 		if (**argv != '-')
1394 			usage(*argv);
1395 		switch (keyword(*argv + 1)) {
1396 		case K_FIB:
1397 			if (!--argc)
1398 				usage(*argv);
1399 			errno = 0;
1400 			fib = strtol(*++argv, &endptr, 0);
1401 			if (errno == 0) {
1402 				if (*endptr != '\0' ||
1403 				    fib < 0 ||
1404 				    (numfibs != -1 && fib > numfibs - 1))
1405 					errno = EINVAL;
1406 			}
1407 			if (errno)
1408 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid fib number: %s", *argv);
1409 			break;
1410 		default:
1411 			usage(*argv);
1412 		}
1413 	}
1414 	error = set_sofib(fib);
1415 	if (error)
1416 		errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid fib number: %d", fib);
1417 
1418 	verbose = 1;
1419 	if (debugonly) {
1420 		interfaces();
1421 		exit(0);
1422 	}
1423 	for (;;) {
1424 		time_t now;
1425 		n = read(s, msg, 2048);
1426 		now = time(NULL);
1427 		(void) printf("\ngot message of size %d on %s", n, ctime(&now));
1428 		print_rtmsg((struct rt_msghdr *)msg, n);
1429 	}
1430 }
1431 
1432 struct {
1433 	struct	rt_msghdr m_rtm;
1434 	char	m_space[512];
1435 } m_rtmsg;
1436 
1437 static int
1438 rtmsg(int cmd, int flags, int fib)
1439 {
1440 	static int seq;
1441 	int rlen;
1442 	char *cp = m_rtmsg.m_space;
1443 	int l;
1444 
1445 #define NEXTADDR(w, u) \
1446 	if (rtm_addrs & (w)) {\
1447 	    l = SA_SIZE(&(u.sa)); memmove(cp, &(u), l); cp += l;\
1448 	    if (verbose) sodump(&(u),#u);\
1449 	}
1450 
1451 	errno = 0;
1452 	memset(&m_rtmsg, 0, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
1453 	if (cmd == 'a')
1454 		cmd = RTM_ADD;
1455 	else if (cmd == 'c')
1456 		cmd = RTM_CHANGE;
1457 	else if (cmd == 'g' || cmd == 's') {
1458 		cmd = RTM_GET;
1459 		if (so_ifp.sa.sa_family == 0) {
1460 			so_ifp.sa.sa_family = AF_LINK;
1461 			so_ifp.sa.sa_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
1462 			rtm_addrs |= RTA_IFP;
1463 		}
1464 	} else
1465 		cmd = RTM_DELETE;
1466 #define rtm m_rtmsg.m_rtm
1467 	rtm.rtm_type = cmd;
1468 	rtm.rtm_flags = flags;
1469 	rtm.rtm_version = RTM_VERSION;
1470 	rtm.rtm_seq = ++seq;
1471 	rtm.rtm_addrs = rtm_addrs;
1472 	rtm.rtm_rmx = rt_metrics;
1473 	rtm.rtm_inits = rtm_inits;
1474 
1475 	if (rtm_addrs & RTA_NETMASK)
1476 		mask_addr();
1477 	NEXTADDR(RTA_DST, so_dst);
1478 	NEXTADDR(RTA_GATEWAY, so_gate);
1479 	NEXTADDR(RTA_NETMASK, so_mask);
1480 	NEXTADDR(RTA_GENMASK, so_genmask);
1481 	NEXTADDR(RTA_IFP, so_ifp);
1482 	NEXTADDR(RTA_IFA, so_ifa);
1483 	rtm.rtm_msglen = l = cp - (char *)&m_rtmsg;
1484 	if (verbose)
1485 		print_rtmsg(&rtm, l);
1486 	if (debugonly)
1487 		return (0);
1488 	if ((rlen = write(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, l)) < 0) {
1489 		if (errno == EPERM)
1490 			err(1, "writing to routing socket");
1491 		warn("writing to routing socket");
1492 		return (-1);
1493 	}
1494 	if (cmd == RTM_GET) {
1495 		do {
1496 			l = read(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
1497 		} while (l > 0 && (rtm.rtm_seq != seq || rtm.rtm_pid != pid));
1498 		if (l < 0)
1499 			warn("read from routing socket");
1500 		else
1501 			print_getmsg(&rtm, l, fib);
1502 	}
1503 #undef rtm
1504 	return (0);
1505 }
1506 
1507 static void
1508 mask_addr(void)
1509 {
1510 	int olen = so_mask.sa.sa_len;
1511 	char *cp1 = olen + (char *)&so_mask, *cp2;
1512 
1513 	for (so_mask.sa.sa_len = 0; cp1 > (char *)&so_mask; )
1514 		if (*--cp1 != 0) {
1515 			so_mask.sa.sa_len = 1 + cp1 - (char *)&so_mask;
1516 			break;
1517 		}
1518 	if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_DST) == 0)
1519 		return;
1520 	switch (so_dst.sa.sa_family) {
1521 	case AF_INET:
1522 #ifdef INET6
1523 	case AF_INET6:
1524 #endif
1525 	case AF_APPLETALK:
1526 	case 0:
1527 		return;
1528 	}
1529 	cp1 = so_mask.sa.sa_len + 1 + (char *)&so_dst;
1530 	cp2 = so_dst.sa.sa_len + 1 + (char *)&so_dst;
1531 	while (cp2 > cp1)
1532 		*--cp2 = 0;
1533 	cp2 = so_mask.sa.sa_len + 1 + (char *)&so_mask;
1534 	while (cp1 > so_dst.sa.sa_data)
1535 		*--cp1 &= *--cp2;
1536 }
1537 
1538 const char *msgtypes[] = {
1539 	"",
1540 	"RTM_ADD: Add Route",
1541 	"RTM_DELETE: Delete Route",
1542 	"RTM_CHANGE: Change Metrics or flags",
1543 	"RTM_GET: Report Metrics",
1544 	"RTM_LOSING: Kernel Suspects Partitioning",
1545 	"RTM_REDIRECT: Told to use different route",
1546 	"RTM_MISS: Lookup failed on this address",
1547 	"RTM_LOCK: fix specified metrics",
1548 	"RTM_OLDADD: caused by SIOCADDRT",
1549 	"RTM_OLDDEL: caused by SIOCDELRT",
1550 	"RTM_RESOLVE: Route created by cloning",
1551 	"RTM_NEWADDR: address being added to iface",
1552 	"RTM_DELADDR: address being removed from iface",
1553 	"RTM_IFINFO: iface status change",
1554 	"RTM_NEWMADDR: new multicast group membership on iface",
1555 	"RTM_DELMADDR: multicast group membership removed from iface",
1556 	"RTM_IFANNOUNCE: interface arrival/departure",
1557 	"RTM_IEEE80211: IEEE 802.11 wireless event",
1558 };
1559 
1560 char metricnames[] =
1561 "\011weight\010rttvar\7rtt\6ssthresh\5sendpipe\4recvpipe\3expire"
1562 "\1mtu";
1563 char routeflags[] =
1564 "\1UP\2GATEWAY\3HOST\4REJECT\5DYNAMIC\6MODIFIED\7DONE"
1565 "\012XRESOLVE\013LLINFO\014STATIC\015BLACKHOLE"
1566 "\017PROTO2\020PROTO1\021PRCLONING\022WASCLONED\023PROTO3"
1567 "\025PINNED\026LOCAL\027BROADCAST\030MULTICAST\035STICKY";
1568 char ifnetflags[] =
1569 "\1UP\2BROADCAST\3DEBUG\4LOOPBACK\5PTP\6b6\7RUNNING\010NOARP"
1570 "\011PPROMISC\012ALLMULTI\013OACTIVE\014SIMPLEX\015LINK0\016LINK1"
1571 "\017LINK2\020MULTICAST";
1572 char addrnames[] =
1573 "\1DST\2GATEWAY\3NETMASK\4GENMASK\5IFP\6IFA\7AUTHOR\010BRD";
1574 
1575 static const char errfmt[] =
1576 "\n%s: truncated route message, only %zu bytes left\n";
1577 
1578 static void
1579 print_rtmsg(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, size_t msglen)
1580 {
1581 	struct if_msghdr *ifm;
1582 	struct ifa_msghdr *ifam;
1583 #ifdef RTM_NEWMADDR
1584 	struct ifma_msghdr *ifmam;
1585 #endif
1586 	struct if_announcemsghdr *ifan;
1587 	const char *state;
1588 
1589 	if (verbose == 0)
1590 		return;
1591 	if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) {
1592 		(void) printf("routing message version %d not understood\n",
1593 		    rtm->rtm_version);
1594 		return;
1595 	}
1596 	if (rtm->rtm_type < sizeof(msgtypes) / sizeof(msgtypes[0]))
1597 		(void)printf("%s: ", msgtypes[rtm->rtm_type]);
1598 	else
1599 		(void)printf("unknown type %d: ", rtm->rtm_type);
1600 	(void)printf("len %d, ", rtm->rtm_msglen);
1601 
1602 #define	REQUIRE(x)	do {		\
1603 	if (msglen < sizeof(x))		\
1604 		goto badlen;		\
1605 	else				\
1606 		msglen -= sizeof(x);	\
1607 	} while (0)
1608 
1609 	switch (rtm->rtm_type) {
1610 	case RTM_IFINFO:
1611 		REQUIRE(struct if_msghdr);
1612 		ifm = (struct if_msghdr *)rtm;
1613 		(void) printf("if# %d, ", ifm->ifm_index);
1614 		switch (ifm->ifm_data.ifi_link_state) {
1615 		case LINK_STATE_DOWN:
1616 			state = "down";
1617 			break;
1618 		case LINK_STATE_UP:
1619 			state = "up";
1620 			break;
1621 		default:
1622 			state = "unknown";
1623 			break;
1624 		}
1625 		(void) printf("link: %s, flags:", state);
1626 		bprintf(stdout, ifm->ifm_flags, ifnetflags);
1627 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifm + 1), ifm->ifm_addrs, msglen);
1628 		break;
1629 	case RTM_NEWADDR:
1630 	case RTM_DELADDR:
1631 		REQUIRE(struct ifa_msghdr);
1632 		ifam = (struct ifa_msghdr *)rtm;
1633 		(void) printf("metric %d, flags:", ifam->ifam_metric);
1634 		bprintf(stdout, ifam->ifam_flags, routeflags);
1635 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifam + 1), ifam->ifam_addrs, msglen);
1636 		break;
1637 #ifdef RTM_NEWMADDR
1638 	case RTM_NEWMADDR:
1639 	case RTM_DELMADDR:
1640 		REQUIRE(struct ifma_msghdr);
1641 		ifmam = (struct ifma_msghdr *)rtm;
1642 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifmam + 1), ifmam->ifmam_addrs, msglen);
1643 		break;
1644 #endif
1645 	case RTM_IFANNOUNCE:
1646 		REQUIRE(struct if_announcemsghdr);
1647 		ifan = (struct if_announcemsghdr *)rtm;
1648 		(void) printf("if# %d, what: ", ifan->ifan_index);
1649 		switch (ifan->ifan_what) {
1650 		case IFAN_ARRIVAL:
1651 			printf("arrival");
1652 			break;
1653 		case IFAN_DEPARTURE:
1654 			printf("departure");
1655 			break;
1656 		default:
1657 			printf("#%d", ifan->ifan_what);
1658 			break;
1659 		}
1660 		printf("\n");
1661 		fflush(stdout);
1662 		break;
1663 
1664 	default:
1665 		(void) printf("pid: %ld, seq %d, errno %d, flags:",
1666 			(long)rtm->rtm_pid, rtm->rtm_seq, rtm->rtm_errno);
1667 		bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_flags, routeflags);
1668 		pmsg_common(rtm, msglen);
1669 	}
1670 
1671 	return;
1672 
1673 badlen:
1674 	(void)printf(errfmt, __func__, msglen);
1675 #undef	REQUIRE
1676 }
1677 
1678 static void
1679 print_getmsg(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, int msglen, int fib)
1680 {
1681 	struct sockaddr *dst = NULL, *gate = NULL, *mask = NULL;
1682 	struct sockaddr_dl *ifp = NULL;
1683 	struct sockaddr *sa;
1684 	char *cp;
1685 	int i;
1686 
1687 	(void) printf("   route to: %s\n",
1688 	    routename((struct sockaddr *)&so_dst));
1689 	if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) {
1690 		warnx("routing message version %d not understood",
1691 		     rtm->rtm_version);
1692 		return;
1693 	}
1694 	if (rtm->rtm_msglen > msglen) {
1695 		warnx("message length mismatch, in packet %d, returned %d",
1696 		      rtm->rtm_msglen, msglen);
1697 	}
1698 	if (rtm->rtm_errno)  {
1699 		errno = rtm->rtm_errno;
1700 		warn("message indicates error %d", errno);
1701 		return;
1702 	}
1703 	cp = ((char *)(rtm + 1));
1704 	if (rtm->rtm_addrs)
1705 		for (i = 1; i; i <<= 1)
1706 			if (i & rtm->rtm_addrs) {
1707 				sa = (struct sockaddr *)cp;
1708 				switch (i) {
1709 				case RTA_DST:
1710 					dst = sa;
1711 					break;
1712 				case RTA_GATEWAY:
1713 					gate = sa;
1714 					break;
1715 				case RTA_NETMASK:
1716 					mask = sa;
1717 					break;
1718 				case RTA_IFP:
1719 					if (sa->sa_family == AF_LINK &&
1720 					   ((struct sockaddr_dl *)sa)->sdl_nlen)
1721 						ifp = (struct sockaddr_dl *)sa;
1722 					break;
1723 				}
1724 				cp += SA_SIZE(sa);
1725 			}
1726 	if (dst && mask)
1727 		mask->sa_family = dst->sa_family;	/* XXX */
1728 	if (dst)
1729 		(void)printf("destination: %s\n", routename(dst));
1730 	if (mask) {
1731 		int savenflag = nflag;
1732 
1733 		nflag = 1;
1734 		(void)printf("       mask: %s\n", routename(mask));
1735 		nflag = savenflag;
1736 	}
1737 	if (gate && rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY)
1738 		(void)printf("    gateway: %s\n", routename(gate));
1739 	if (fib >= 0)
1740 		(void)printf("        fib: %u\n", (unsigned int)fib);
1741 	if (ifp)
1742 		(void)printf("  interface: %.*s\n",
1743 		    ifp->sdl_nlen, ifp->sdl_data);
1744 	(void)printf("      flags: ");
1745 	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_flags, routeflags);
1746 
1747 #define lock(f)	((rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_locks & __CONCAT(RTV_,f)) ? 'L' : ' ')
1748 #define msec(u)	(((u) + 500) / 1000)		/* usec to msec */
1749 
1750 	(void) printf("\n%s\n", "\
1751  recvpipe  sendpipe  ssthresh  rtt,msec    mtu        weight    expire");
1752 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_recvpipe, lock(RPIPE));
1753 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_sendpipe, lock(SPIPE));
1754 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_ssthresh, lock(SSTHRESH));
1755 	printf("%8ld%c ", msec(rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_rtt), lock(RTT));
1756 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_mtu, lock(MTU));
1757 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_weight, lock(WEIGHT));
1758 	if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire)
1759 		rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire -= time(0);
1760 	printf("%8ld%c\n", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire, lock(EXPIRE));
1761 #undef lock
1762 #undef msec
1763 #define	RTA_IGN	(RTA_DST|RTA_GATEWAY|RTA_NETMASK|RTA_IFP|RTA_IFA|RTA_BRD)
1764 	if (verbose)
1765 		pmsg_common(rtm, msglen);
1766 	else if (rtm->rtm_addrs &~ RTA_IGN) {
1767 		(void) printf("sockaddrs: ");
1768 		bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_addrs, addrnames);
1769 		putchar('\n');
1770 	}
1771 #undef	RTA_IGN
1772 }
1773 
1774 static void
1775 pmsg_common(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, size_t msglen)
1776 {
1777 	(void) printf("\nlocks: ");
1778 	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_locks, metricnames);
1779 	(void) printf(" inits: ");
1780 	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_inits, metricnames);
1781 	if (msglen > sizeof(struct rt_msghdr))
1782 		pmsg_addrs(((char *)(rtm + 1)), rtm->rtm_addrs,
1783 		    msglen - sizeof(struct rt_msghdr));
1784 	else
1785 		(void) fflush(stdout);
1786 }
1787 
1788 static void
1789 pmsg_addrs(char *cp, int addrs, size_t len)
1790 {
1791 	struct sockaddr *sa;
1792 	int i;
1793 
1794 	if (addrs == 0) {
1795 		(void) putchar('\n');
1796 		return;
1797 	}
1798 	(void) printf("\nsockaddrs: ");
1799 	bprintf(stdout, addrs, addrnames);
1800 	(void) putchar('\n');
1801 	for (i = 1; i != 0; i <<= 1)
1802 		if (i & addrs) {
1803 			sa = (struct sockaddr *)cp;
1804 			if (len == 0 || len < SA_SIZE(sa)) {
1805 				(void) printf(errfmt, __func__, len);
1806 				break;
1807 			}
1808 			(void) printf(" %s", routename(sa));
1809 			len -= SA_SIZE(sa);
1810 			cp += SA_SIZE(sa);
1811 		}
1812 	(void) putchar('\n');
1813 	(void) fflush(stdout);
1814 }
1815 
1816 static void
1817 bprintf(FILE *fp, int b, u_char *str)
1818 {
1819 	int i;
1820 	int gotsome = 0;
1821 
1822 	if (b == 0)
1823 		return;
1824 	while ((i = *str++) != 0) {
1825 		if (b & (1 << (i-1))) {
1826 			if (gotsome == 0)
1827 				i = '<';
1828 			else
1829 				i = ',';
1830 			(void) putc(i, fp);
1831 			gotsome = 1;
1832 			for (; (i = *str) > 32; str++)
1833 				(void) putc(i, fp);
1834 		} else
1835 			while (*str > 32)
1836 				str++;
1837 	}
1838 	if (gotsome)
1839 		(void) putc('>', fp);
1840 }
1841 
1842 int
1843 keyword(const char *cp)
1844 {
1845 	struct keytab *kt = keywords;
1846 
1847 	while (kt->kt_cp != NULL && strcmp(kt->kt_cp, cp) != 0)
1848 		kt++;
1849 	return (kt->kt_i);
1850 }
1851 
1852 static void
1853 sodump(sup su, const char *which)
1854 {
1855 	switch (su->sa.sa_family) {
1856 	case AF_LINK:
1857 		(void) printf("%s: link %s; ",
1858 		    which, link_ntoa(&su->sdl));
1859 		break;
1860 	case AF_INET:
1861 		(void) printf("%s: inet %s; ",
1862 		    which, inet_ntoa(su->sin.sin_addr));
1863 		break;
1864 	case AF_APPLETALK:
1865 		(void) printf("%s: atalk %s; ",
1866 		    which, atalk_ntoa(su->sat.sat_addr));
1867 		break;
1868 	}
1869 	(void) fflush(stdout);
1870 }
1871 
1872 /* States*/
1873 #define VIRGIN	0
1874 #define GOTONE	1
1875 #define GOTTWO	2
1876 /* Inputs */
1877 #define	DIGIT	(4*0)
1878 #define	END	(4*1)
1879 #define DELIM	(4*2)
1880 
1881 static void
1882 sockaddr(char *addr, struct sockaddr *sa)
1883 {
1884 	char *cp = (char *)sa;
1885 	int size = sa->sa_len;
1886 	char *cplim = cp + size;
1887 	int byte = 0, state = VIRGIN, new = 0 /* foil gcc */;
1888 
1889 	memset(cp, 0, size);
1890 	cp++;
1891 	do {
1892 		if ((*addr >= '0') && (*addr <= '9')) {
1893 			new = *addr - '0';
1894 		} else if ((*addr >= 'a') && (*addr <= 'f')) {
1895 			new = *addr - 'a' + 10;
1896 		} else if ((*addr >= 'A') && (*addr <= 'F')) {
1897 			new = *addr - 'A' + 10;
1898 		} else if (*addr == '\0')
1899 			state |= END;
1900 		else
1901 			state |= DELIM;
1902 		addr++;
1903 		switch (state /* | INPUT */) {
1904 		case GOTTWO | DIGIT:
1905 			*cp++ = byte; /*FALLTHROUGH*/
1906 		case VIRGIN | DIGIT:
1907 			state = GOTONE; byte = new; continue;
1908 		case GOTONE | DIGIT:
1909 			state = GOTTWO; byte = new + (byte << 4); continue;
1910 		default: /* | DELIM */
1911 			state = VIRGIN; *cp++ = byte; byte = 0; continue;
1912 		case GOTONE | END:
1913 		case GOTTWO | END:
1914 			*cp++ = byte; /* FALLTHROUGH */
1915 		case VIRGIN | END:
1916 			break;
1917 		}
1918 		break;
1919 	} while (cp < cplim);
1920 	sa->sa_len = cp - (char *)sa;
1921 }
1922 
1923 static int
1924 atalk_aton(const char *text, struct at_addr *addr)
1925 {
1926 	u_int net, node;
1927 
1928 	if (sscanf(text, "%u.%u", &net, &node) != 2
1929 	    || net > 0xffff || node > 0xff)
1930 		return(0);
1931 	addr->s_net = htons(net);
1932 	addr->s_node = node;
1933 	return(1);
1934 }
1935 
1936 static char *
1937 atalk_ntoa(struct at_addr at)
1938 {
1939 	static char buf[20];
1940 
1941 	(void) snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u.%u", ntohs(at.s_net), at.s_node);
1942 	return(buf);
1943 }
1944