xref: /freebsd/sbin/route/route.c (revision ab0b9f6b3073e6c4d1dfbf07444d7db67a189a96)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #ifndef lint
31 static const char copyright[] =
32 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1991, 1993\n\
33 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
34 #endif /* not lint */
35 
36 #ifndef lint
37 #if 0
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)route.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 4/28/95";
39 #endif
40 #endif /* not lint */
41 
42 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
43 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
44 
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/file.h>
47 #include <sys/socket.h>
48 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
49 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
50 #include <sys/types.h>
51 #include <sys/queue.h>
52 
53 #include <net/if.h>
54 #include <net/route.h>
55 #include <net/if_dl.h>
56 #include <netinet/in.h>
57 #include <netinet/if_ether.h>
58 #include <netatalk/at.h>
59 #include <arpa/inet.h>
60 #include <netdb.h>
61 
62 #include <ctype.h>
63 #include <err.h>
64 #include <errno.h>
65 #include <paths.h>
66 #include <stdbool.h>
67 #include <stdio.h>
68 #include <stdlib.h>
69 #include <string.h>
70 #include <sysexits.h>
71 #include <time.h>
72 #include <unistd.h>
73 #include <ifaddrs.h>
74 
75 #define ATALK_BUF_SIZE 20
76 
77 struct fibl {
78 	TAILQ_ENTRY(fibl)	fl_next;
79 
80 	int	fl_num;
81 	int	fl_error;
82 	int	fl_errno;
83 };
84 
85 static struct keytab {
86 	const char	*kt_cp;
87 	int	kt_i;
88 } const keywords[] = {
89 #include "keywords.h"
90 	{0, 0}
91 };
92 
93 static struct sockaddr_storage so[RTAX_MAX];
94 static int	pid, rtm_addrs;
95 static int	s;
96 static int	forcehost, forcenet, nflag, af, qflag, tflag;
97 static int	verbose, aflen;
98 static int	locking, lockrest, debugonly;
99 static struct rt_metrics rt_metrics;
100 static u_long  rtm_inits;
101 static uid_t	uid;
102 static int	defaultfib;
103 static int	numfibs;
104 static char	domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
105 static bool	domain_initialized;
106 static int	rtm_seq;
107 static char	rt_line[NI_MAXHOST];
108 static char	net_line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
109 
110 static struct {
111 	struct	rt_msghdr m_rtm;
112 	char	m_space[512];
113 } m_rtmsg;
114 
115 static TAILQ_HEAD(fibl_head_t, fibl) fibl_head;
116 
117 static int	atalk_aton(const char *, struct at_addr *);
118 static char	*atalk_ntoa(struct at_addr, char [ATALK_BUF_SIZE]);
119 static void	printb(int, const char *);
120 static void	flushroutes(int argc, char *argv[]);
121 static int	flushroutes_fib(int);
122 static int	getaddr(int, char *, struct hostent **, int);
123 static int	keyword(const char *);
124 #ifdef INET
125 static void	inet_makenetandmask(u_long, struct sockaddr_in *,
126 		    struct sockaddr_in *, u_long);
127 #endif
128 #ifdef INET6
129 static int	inet6_makenetandmask(struct sockaddr_in6 *, const char *);
130 #endif
131 static void	interfaces(void);
132 static void	monitor(int, char*[]);
133 static const char	*netname(struct sockaddr *);
134 static void	newroute(int, char **);
135 static int	newroute_fib(int, char *, int);
136 static void	pmsg_addrs(char *, int, size_t);
137 static void	pmsg_common(struct rt_msghdr *, size_t);
138 static int	prefixlen(const char *);
139 static void	print_getmsg(struct rt_msghdr *, int, int);
140 static void	print_rtmsg(struct rt_msghdr *, size_t);
141 static const char	*routename(struct sockaddr *);
142 static int	rtmsg(int, int, int);
143 static void	set_metric(char *, int);
144 static int	set_sofib(int);
145 static void	sockaddr(char *, struct sockaddr *, size_t);
146 static void	sodump(struct sockaddr *, const char *);
147 static int	fiboptlist_csv(const char *, struct fibl_head_t *);
148 static int	fiboptlist_range(const char *, struct fibl_head_t *);
149 
150 static void usage(const char *) __dead2;
151 
152 static void
153 usage(const char *cp)
154 {
155 	if (cp != NULL)
156 		warnx("bad keyword: %s", cp);
157 	errx(EX_USAGE, "usage: route [-dnqtv] command [[modifiers] args]");
158 	/* NOTREACHED */
159 }
160 
161 int
162 main(int argc, char **argv)
163 {
164 	int ch;
165 	size_t len;
166 
167 	if (argc < 2)
168 		usage(NULL);
169 
170 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "nqdtv")) != -1)
171 		switch(ch) {
172 		case 'n':
173 			nflag = 1;
174 			break;
175 		case 'q':
176 			qflag = 1;
177 			break;
178 		case 'v':
179 			verbose = 1;
180 			break;
181 		case 't':
182 			tflag = 1;
183 			break;
184 		case 'd':
185 			debugonly = 1;
186 			break;
187 		case '?':
188 		default:
189 			usage(NULL);
190 		}
191 	argc -= optind;
192 	argv += optind;
193 
194 	pid = getpid();
195 	uid = geteuid();
196 	if (tflag)
197 		s = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_WRONLY, 0);
198 	else
199 		s = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, 0);
200 	if (s < 0)
201 		err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
202 
203 	len = sizeof(numfibs);
204 	if (sysctlbyname("net.fibs", (void *)&numfibs, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
205 		numfibs = -1;
206 
207 	len = sizeof(defaultfib);
208 	if (numfibs != -1 &&
209 	    sysctlbyname("net.my_fibnum", (void *)&defaultfib, &len, NULL,
210 		0) == -1)
211 		defaultfib = -1;
212 
213 	if (*argv != NULL)
214 		switch (keyword(*argv)) {
215 		case K_GET:
216 		case K_SHOW:
217 			uid = 0;
218 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
219 
220 		case K_CHANGE:
221 		case K_ADD:
222 		case K_DEL:
223 		case K_DELETE:
224 			newroute(argc, argv);
225 			/* NOTREACHED */
226 
227 		case K_MONITOR:
228 			monitor(argc, argv);
229 			/* NOTREACHED */
230 
231 		case K_FLUSH:
232 			flushroutes(argc, argv);
233 			exit(0);
234 			/* NOTREACHED */
235 		}
236 	usage(*argv);
237 	/* NOTREACHED */
238 }
239 
240 static int
241 set_sofib(int fib)
242 {
243 
244 	if (fib < 0)
245 		return (0);
246 	return (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SETFIB, (void *)&fib,
247 	    sizeof(fib)));
248 }
249 
250 static int
251 fiboptlist_range(const char *arg, struct fibl_head_t *flh)
252 {
253 	struct fibl *fl;
254 	char *str0, *str, *token, *endptr;
255 	int fib[2], i, error;
256 
257 	str0 = str = strdup(arg);
258 	error = 0;
259 	i = 0;
260 	while ((token = strsep(&str, "-")) != NULL) {
261 		switch (i) {
262 		case 0:
263 		case 1:
264 			errno = 0;
265 			fib[i] = strtol(token, &endptr, 0);
266 			if (errno == 0) {
267 				if (*endptr != '\0' ||
268 				    fib[i] < 0 ||
269 				    (numfibs != -1 && fib[i] > numfibs - 1))
270 					errno = EINVAL;
271 			}
272 			if (errno)
273 				error = 1;
274 			break;
275 		default:
276 			error = 1;
277 		}
278 		if (error)
279 			goto fiboptlist_range_ret;
280 		i++;
281 	}
282 	if (fib[0] >= fib[1]) {
283 		error = 1;
284 		goto fiboptlist_range_ret;
285 	}
286 	for (i = fib[0]; i <= fib[1]; i++) {
287 		fl = calloc(1, sizeof(*fl));
288 		if (fl == NULL) {
289 			error = 1;
290 			goto fiboptlist_range_ret;
291 		}
292 		fl->fl_num = i;
293 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(flh, fl, fl_next);
294 	}
295 fiboptlist_range_ret:
296 	free(str0);
297 	return (error);
298 }
299 
300 #define	ALLSTRLEN	64
301 static int
302 fiboptlist_csv(const char *arg, struct fibl_head_t *flh)
303 {
304 	struct fibl *fl;
305 	char *str0, *str, *token, *endptr;
306 	int fib, error;
307 
308 	str0 = str = NULL;
309 	if (strcmp("all", arg) == 0) {
310 		str = calloc(1, ALLSTRLEN);
311 		if (str == NULL) {
312 			error = 1;
313 			goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
314 		}
315 		if (numfibs > 1)
316 			snprintf(str, ALLSTRLEN - 1, "%d-%d", 0, numfibs - 1);
317 		else
318 			snprintf(str, ALLSTRLEN - 1, "%d", 0);
319 	} else if (strcmp("default", arg) == 0) {
320 		str0 = str = calloc(1, ALLSTRLEN);
321 		if (str == NULL) {
322 			error = 1;
323 			goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
324 		}
325 		snprintf(str, ALLSTRLEN - 1, "%d", defaultfib);
326 	} else
327 		str0 = str = strdup(arg);
328 
329 	error = 0;
330 	while ((token = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
331 		if (*token != '-' && strchr(token, '-') != NULL) {
332 			error = fiboptlist_range(token, flh);
333 			if (error)
334 				goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
335 		} else {
336 			errno = 0;
337 			fib = strtol(token, &endptr, 0);
338 			if (errno == 0) {
339 				if (*endptr != '\0' ||
340 				    fib < 0 ||
341 				    (numfibs != -1 && fib > numfibs - 1))
342 					errno = EINVAL;
343 			}
344 			if (errno) {
345 				error = 1;
346 				goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
347 			}
348 			fl = calloc(1, sizeof(*fl));
349 			if (fl == NULL) {
350 				error = 1;
351 				goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
352 			}
353 			fl->fl_num = fib;
354 			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(flh, fl, fl_next);
355 		}
356 	}
357 fiboptlist_csv_ret:
358 	if (str0 != NULL)
359 		free(str0);
360 	return (error);
361 }
362 
363 /*
364  * Purge all entries in the routing tables not
365  * associated with network interfaces.
366  */
367 static void
368 flushroutes(int argc, char *argv[])
369 {
370 	struct fibl *fl;
371 	int error;
372 
373 	if (uid != 0 && !debugonly && !tflag)
374 		errx(EX_NOPERM, "must be root to alter routing table");
375 	shutdown(s, SHUT_RD); /* Don't want to read back our messages */
376 
377 	TAILQ_INIT(&fibl_head);
378 	while (argc > 1) {
379 		argc--;
380 		argv++;
381 		if (**argv != '-')
382 			usage(*argv);
383 		switch (keyword(*argv + 1)) {
384 #ifdef INET
385 		case K_INET:
386 			af = AF_INET;
387 			break;
388 #endif
389 #ifdef INET6
390 		case K_INET6:
391 			af = AF_INET6;
392 			break;
393 #endif
394 		case K_ATALK:
395 			af = AF_APPLETALK;
396 			break;
397 		case K_LINK:
398 			af = AF_LINK;
399 			break;
400 		case K_FIB:
401 			if (!--argc)
402 				usage(*argv);
403 			error = fiboptlist_csv(*++argv, &fibl_head);
404 			if (error)
405 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid fib number: %s", *argv);
406 			break;
407 		default:
408 			usage(*argv);
409 		}
410 	}
411 	if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&fibl_head)) {
412 		error = fiboptlist_csv("default", &fibl_head);
413 		if (error)
414 			errx(EX_OSERR, "fiboptlist_csv failed.");
415 	}
416 	TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next)
417 		flushroutes_fib(fl->fl_num);
418 }
419 
420 static int
421 flushroutes_fib(int fib)
422 {
423 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
424 	size_t needed;
425 	char *buf, *next, *lim;
426 	int mib[7], rlen, seqno, count = 0;
427 	int error;
428 
429 	error = set_sofib(fib);
430 	if (error) {
431 		warn("fib number %d is ignored", fib);
432 		return (error);
433 	}
434 
435 retry:
436 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
437 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
438 	mib[2] = 0;		/* protocol */
439 	mib[3] = AF_UNSPEC;
440 	mib[4] = NET_RT_DUMP;
441 	mib[5] = 0;		/* no flags */
442 	mib[6] = fib;
443 	if (sysctl(mib, nitems(mib), NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
444 		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-estimate");
445 	if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL)
446 		errx(EX_OSERR, "malloc failed");
447 	if (sysctl(mib, nitems(mib), buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
448 		if (errno == ENOMEM && count++ < 10) {
449 			warnx("Routing table grew, retrying");
450 			sleep(1);
451 			free(buf);
452 			goto retry;
453 		}
454 		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-get");
455 	}
456 	lim = buf + needed;
457 	if (verbose)
458 		(void)printf("Examining routing table from sysctl\n");
459 	seqno = 0;		/* ??? */
460 	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
461 		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)(void *)next;
462 		if (verbose)
463 			print_rtmsg(rtm, rtm->rtm_msglen);
464 		if ((rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) == 0)
465 			continue;
466 		if (af != 0) {
467 			struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
468 
469 			if (sa->sa_family != af)
470 				continue;
471 		}
472 		if (debugonly)
473 			continue;
474 		rtm->rtm_type = RTM_DELETE;
475 		rtm->rtm_seq = seqno;
476 		rlen = write(s, next, rtm->rtm_msglen);
477 		if (rlen < 0 && errno == EPERM)
478 			err(1, "write to routing socket");
479 		if (rlen < (int)rtm->rtm_msglen) {
480 			warn("write to routing socket");
481 			(void)printf("got only %d for rlen\n", rlen);
482 			free(buf);
483 			goto retry;
484 			break;
485 		}
486 		seqno++;
487 		if (qflag)
488 			continue;
489 		if (verbose)
490 			print_rtmsg(rtm, rlen);
491 		else {
492 			struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
493 
494 			printf("%-20.20s ", rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_HOST ?
495 			    routename(sa) : netname(sa));
496 			sa = (struct sockaddr *)(SA_SIZE(sa) + (char *)sa);
497 			printf("%-20.20s ", routename(sa));
498 			if (fib >= 0)
499 				printf("-fib %-3d ", fib);
500 			printf("done\n");
501 		}
502 	}
503 	return (error);
504 }
505 
506 static const char *
507 routename(struct sockaddr *sa)
508 {
509 	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
510 	const char *cp;
511 	char atalk_buf[ATALK_BUF_SIZE];
512 	int n;
513 
514 	if (!domain_initialized) {
515 		domain_initialized = true;
516 		if (gethostname(domain, MAXHOSTNAMELEN) == 0 &&
517 		    (cp = strchr(domain, '.'))) {
518 			domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN] = '\0';
519 			(void)strcpy(domain, cp + 1);
520 		} else
521 			domain[0] = '\0';
522 	}
523 
524 	/* If the address is zero-filled, use "default". */
525 	if (sa->sa_len == 0 && nflag == 0)
526 		return ("default");
527 #if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
528 	switch (sa->sa_family) {
529 #ifdef INET
530 	case AF_INET:
531 		/* If the address is zero-filled, use "default". */
532 		if (nflag == 0 &&
533 		    ((struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)sa)->sin_addr.s_addr ==
534 		    INADDR_ANY)
535 			return("default");
536 		break;
537 #endif
538 #ifdef INET6
539 	case AF_INET6:
540 		/* If the address is zero-filled, use "default". */
541 		if (nflag == 0 &&
542 		    IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&((struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)sa)->sin6_addr))
543 			return("default");
544 		break;
545 #endif
546 	}
547 #endif
548 
549 	switch (sa->sa_family) {
550 #if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
551 #ifdef INET
552 	case AF_INET:
553 #endif
554 #ifdef INET6
555 	case AF_INET6:
556 #endif
557 	{
558 		struct sockaddr_storage ss;
559 		int error;
560 		char *p;
561 
562 		memset(&ss, 0, sizeof(ss));
563 		if (sa->sa_len == 0)
564 			ss.ss_family = sa->sa_family;
565 		else
566 			memcpy(&ss, sa, sa->sa_len);
567 		/* Expand sa->sa_len because it could be shortened. */
568 		if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET)
569 			ss.ss_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
570 		else if (sa->sa_family == AF_INET6)
571 			ss.ss_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
572 		error = getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&ss, ss.ss_len,
573 		    rt_line, sizeof(rt_line), NULL, 0,
574 		    (nflag == 0) ? 0 : NI_NUMERICHOST);
575 		if (error) {
576 			warnx("getnameinfo(): %s", gai_strerror(error));
577 			strncpy(rt_line, "invalid", sizeof(rt_line));
578 		}
579 
580 		/* Remove the domain part if any. */
581 		p = strchr(rt_line, '.');
582 		if (p != NULL && strcmp(p + 1, domain) == 0)
583 			*p = '\0';
584 
585 		return (rt_line);
586 		break;
587 	}
588 #endif
589 	case AF_APPLETALK:
590 		(void)snprintf(rt_line, sizeof(rt_line), "atalk %s",
591 		    atalk_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_at *)(void *)sa)->sat_addr,
592 		    atalk_buf));
593 		break;
594 
595 	case AF_LINK:
596 		sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)sa;
597 
598 		if (sdl->sdl_nlen == 0 &&
599 		    sdl->sdl_alen == 0 &&
600 		    sdl->sdl_slen == 0) {
601 			n = snprintf(rt_line, sizeof(rt_line), "link#%d",
602 			    sdl->sdl_index);
603 			if (n > (int)sizeof(rt_line))
604 			    rt_line[0] = '\0';
605 			return (rt_line);
606 		} else
607 			return (link_ntoa(sdl));
608 		break;
609 
610 	default:
611 	    {
612 		u_short *sp = (u_short *)(void *)sa;
613 		u_short *splim = sp + ((sa->sa_len + 1) >> 1);
614 		char *cps = rt_line + sprintf(rt_line, "(%d)", sa->sa_family);
615 		char *cpe = rt_line + sizeof(rt_line);
616 
617 		while (++sp < splim && cps < cpe) /* start with sa->sa_data */
618 			if ((n = snprintf(cps, cpe - cps, " %x", *sp)) > 0)
619 				cps += n;
620 			else
621 				*cps = '\0';
622 		break;
623 	    }
624 	}
625 	return (rt_line);
626 }
627 
628 /*
629  * Return the name of the network whose address is given.
630  * The address is assumed to be that of a net, not a host.
631  */
632 static const char *
633 netname(struct sockaddr *sa)
634 {
635 	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
636 	char atalk_buf[ATALK_BUF_SIZE];
637 	int n;
638 #ifdef INET
639 	struct netent *np = NULL;
640 	const char *cp = NULL;
641 	u_long i;
642 #endif
643 
644 	switch (sa->sa_family) {
645 #ifdef INET
646 	case AF_INET:
647 	{
648 		struct in_addr in;
649 
650 		in = ((struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)sa)->sin_addr;
651 		i = in.s_addr = ntohl(in.s_addr);
652 		if (in.s_addr == 0)
653 			cp = "default";
654 		else if (!nflag) {
655 			np = getnetbyaddr(i, AF_INET);
656 			if (np != NULL)
657 				cp = np->n_name;
658 		}
659 #define C(x)	(unsigned)((x) & 0xff)
660 		if (cp != NULL)
661 			strncpy(net_line, cp, sizeof(net_line));
662 		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xffffff) == 0)
663 			(void)sprintf(net_line, "%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24));
664 		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xffff) == 0)
665 			(void)sprintf(net_line, "%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
666 			    C(in.s_addr >> 16));
667 		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xff) == 0)
668 			(void)sprintf(net_line, "%u.%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
669 			    C(in.s_addr >> 16), C(in.s_addr >> 8));
670 		else
671 			(void)sprintf(net_line, "%u.%u.%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
672 			    C(in.s_addr >> 16), C(in.s_addr >> 8),
673 			    C(in.s_addr));
674 #undef C
675 		break;
676 	}
677 #endif
678 #ifdef INET6
679 	case AF_INET6:
680 	{
681 		struct sockaddr_in6 sin6;
682 		int niflags = 0;
683 
684 		memset(&sin6, 0, sizeof(sin6));
685 		memcpy(&sin6, sa, sa->sa_len);
686 		sin6.sin6_len = sizeof(sin6);
687 		sin6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
688 		if (nflag)
689 			niflags |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
690 		if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&sin6, sin6.sin6_len,
691 		    net_line, sizeof(net_line), NULL, 0, niflags) != 0)
692 			strncpy(net_line, "invalid", sizeof(net_line));
693 
694 		return(net_line);
695 	}
696 #endif
697 
698 	case AF_APPLETALK:
699 		(void)snprintf(net_line, sizeof(net_line), "atalk %s",
700 		    atalk_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_at *)(void *)sa)->sat_addr,
701 		    atalk_buf));
702 		break;
703 
704 	case AF_LINK:
705 		sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)sa;
706 
707 		if (sdl->sdl_nlen == 0 &&
708 		    sdl->sdl_alen == 0 &&
709 		    sdl->sdl_slen == 0) {
710 			n = snprintf(net_line, sizeof(net_line), "link#%d",
711 			    sdl->sdl_index);
712 			if (n > (int)sizeof(net_line))
713 			    net_line[0] = '\0';
714 			return (net_line);
715 		} else
716 			return (link_ntoa(sdl));
717 		break;
718 
719 	default:
720 	    {
721 		u_short *sp = (u_short *)(void *)sa->sa_data;
722 		u_short *splim = sp + ((sa->sa_len + 1)>>1);
723 		char *cps = net_line + sprintf(net_line, "af %d:", sa->sa_family);
724 		char *cpe = net_line + sizeof(net_line);
725 
726 		while (sp < splim && cps < cpe)
727 			if ((n = snprintf(cps, cpe - cps, " %x", *sp++)) > 0)
728 				cps += n;
729 			else
730 				*cps = '\0';
731 		break;
732 	    }
733 	}
734 	return (net_line);
735 }
736 
737 static void
738 set_metric(char *value, int key)
739 {
740 	int flag = 0;
741 	char *endptr;
742 	u_long noval, *valp = &noval;
743 
744 	switch (key) {
745 #define caseof(x, y, z)	case x: valp = &rt_metrics.z; flag = y; break
746 	caseof(K_MTU, RTV_MTU, rmx_mtu);
747 	caseof(K_HOPCOUNT, RTV_HOPCOUNT, rmx_hopcount);
748 	caseof(K_EXPIRE, RTV_EXPIRE, rmx_expire);
749 	caseof(K_RECVPIPE, RTV_RPIPE, rmx_recvpipe);
750 	caseof(K_SENDPIPE, RTV_SPIPE, rmx_sendpipe);
751 	caseof(K_SSTHRESH, RTV_SSTHRESH, rmx_ssthresh);
752 	caseof(K_RTT, RTV_RTT, rmx_rtt);
753 	caseof(K_RTTVAR, RTV_RTTVAR, rmx_rttvar);
754 	caseof(K_WEIGHT, RTV_WEIGHT, rmx_weight);
755 	}
756 	rtm_inits |= flag;
757 	if (lockrest || locking)
758 		rt_metrics.rmx_locks |= flag;
759 	if (locking)
760 		locking = 0;
761 	errno = 0;
762 	*valp = strtol(value, &endptr, 0);
763 	if (errno == 0 && *endptr != '\0')
764 		errno = EINVAL;
765 	if (errno)
766 		err(EX_USAGE, "%s", value);
767 	if (flag & RTV_EXPIRE && (value[0] == '+' || value[0] == '-')) {
768 		struct timespec ts;
769 
770 		clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_FAST, &ts);
771 		*valp += ts.tv_sec;
772 	}
773 }
774 
775 #define	F_ISHOST	0x01
776 #define	F_FORCENET	0x02
777 #define	F_FORCEHOST	0x04
778 #define	F_PROXY		0x08
779 #define	F_INTERFACE	0x10
780 
781 static void
782 newroute(int argc, char **argv)
783 {
784 	struct hostent *hp;
785 	struct fibl *fl;
786 	char *cmd;
787 	const char *dest, *gateway, *errmsg;
788 	int key, error, flags, nrflags, fibnum;
789 
790 	if (uid != 0 && !debugonly && !tflag)
791 		errx(EX_NOPERM, "must be root to alter routing table");
792 	dest = NULL;
793 	gateway = NULL;
794 	flags = RTF_STATIC;
795 	nrflags = 0;
796 	hp = NULL;
797 	TAILQ_INIT(&fibl_head);
798 
799 	cmd = argv[0];
800 	if (*cmd != 'g' && *cmd != 's')
801 		shutdown(s, SHUT_RD); /* Don't want to read back our messages */
802 	while (--argc > 0) {
803 		if (**(++argv)== '-') {
804 			switch (key = keyword(1 + *argv)) {
805 			case K_LINK:
806 				af = AF_LINK;
807 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
808 				break;
809 #ifdef INET
810 			case K_INET:
811 				af = AF_INET;
812 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
813 				break;
814 #endif
815 #ifdef INET6
816 			case K_INET6:
817 				af = AF_INET6;
818 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
819 				break;
820 #endif
821 			case K_ATALK:
822 				af = AF_APPLETALK;
823 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_at);
824 				break;
825 			case K_SA:
826 				af = PF_ROUTE;
827 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage);
828 				break;
829 			case K_IFACE:
830 			case K_INTERFACE:
831 				nrflags |= F_INTERFACE;
832 				break;
833 			case K_NOSTATIC:
834 				flags &= ~RTF_STATIC;
835 				break;
836 			case K_LOCK:
837 				locking = 1;
838 				break;
839 			case K_LOCKREST:
840 				lockrest = 1;
841 				break;
842 			case K_HOST:
843 				nrflags |= F_FORCEHOST;
844 				break;
845 			case K_REJECT:
846 				flags |= RTF_REJECT;
847 				break;
848 			case K_BLACKHOLE:
849 				flags |= RTF_BLACKHOLE;
850 				break;
851 			case K_PROTO1:
852 				flags |= RTF_PROTO1;
853 				break;
854 			case K_PROTO2:
855 				flags |= RTF_PROTO2;
856 				break;
857 			case K_PROTO3:
858 				flags |= RTF_PROTO3;
859 				break;
860 			case K_PROXY:
861 				nrflags |= F_PROXY;
862 				break;
863 			case K_XRESOLVE:
864 				flags |= RTF_XRESOLVE;
865 				break;
866 			case K_STATIC:
867 				flags |= RTF_STATIC;
868 				break;
869 			case K_STICKY:
870 				flags |= RTF_STICKY;
871 				break;
872 			case K_NOSTICK:
873 				flags &= ~RTF_STICKY;
874 				break;
875 			case K_FIB:
876 				if (!--argc)
877 					usage(NULL);
878 				error = fiboptlist_csv(*++argv, &fibl_head);
879 				if (error)
880 					errx(EX_USAGE,
881 					    "invalid fib number: %s", *argv);
882 				break;
883 			case K_IFA:
884 				if (!--argc)
885 					usage(NULL);
886 				getaddr(RTAX_IFA, *++argv, 0, nrflags);
887 				break;
888 			case K_IFP:
889 				if (!--argc)
890 					usage(NULL);
891 				getaddr(RTAX_IFP, *++argv, 0, nrflags);
892 				break;
893 			case K_GENMASK:
894 				if (!--argc)
895 					usage(NULL);
896 				getaddr(RTAX_GENMASK, *++argv, 0, nrflags);
897 				break;
898 			case K_GATEWAY:
899 				if (!--argc)
900 					usage(NULL);
901 				getaddr(RTAX_GATEWAY, *++argv, 0, nrflags);
902 				gateway = *argv;
903 				break;
904 			case K_DST:
905 				if (!--argc)
906 					usage(NULL);
907 				if (getaddr(RTAX_DST, *++argv, &hp, nrflags))
908 					nrflags |= F_ISHOST;
909 				dest = *argv;
910 				break;
911 			case K_NETMASK:
912 				if (!--argc)
913 					usage(NULL);
914 				getaddr(RTAX_NETMASK, *++argv, 0, nrflags);
915 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
916 			case K_NET:
917 				nrflags |= F_FORCENET;
918 				break;
919 			case K_PREFIXLEN:
920 				if (!--argc)
921 					usage(NULL);
922 				if (prefixlen(*++argv) == -1) {
923 					nrflags &= ~F_FORCENET;
924 					nrflags |= F_ISHOST;
925 				} else {
926 					nrflags |= F_FORCENET;
927 					nrflags &= ~F_ISHOST;
928 				}
929 				break;
930 			case K_MTU:
931 			case K_HOPCOUNT:
932 			case K_EXPIRE:
933 			case K_RECVPIPE:
934 			case K_SENDPIPE:
935 			case K_SSTHRESH:
936 			case K_RTT:
937 			case K_RTTVAR:
938 			case K_WEIGHT:
939 				if (!--argc)
940 					usage(NULL);
941 				set_metric(*++argv, key);
942 				break;
943 			default:
944 				usage(1+*argv);
945 			}
946 		} else {
947 			if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_DST) == 0) {
948 				dest = *argv;
949 				if (getaddr(RTAX_DST, *argv, &hp, nrflags))
950 					nrflags |= F_ISHOST;
951 			} else if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_GATEWAY) == 0) {
952 				gateway = *argv;
953 				getaddr(RTAX_GATEWAY, *argv, &hp, nrflags);
954 			} else {
955 				getaddr(RTAX_NETMASK, *argv, 0, nrflags);
956 				nrflags |= F_FORCENET;
957 			}
958 		}
959 	}
960 
961 	if (so[RTAX_DST].ss_len == 0) {
962 		warnx("destination parameter required");
963 		usage(NULL);
964 	}
965 
966 	if (nrflags & F_FORCEHOST) {
967 		nrflags |= F_ISHOST;
968 #ifdef INET6
969 		if (af == AF_INET6) {
970 			rtm_addrs &= ~RTA_NETMASK;
971 			memset(&so[RTAX_NETMASK], 0, sizeof(so[RTAX_NETMASK]));
972 		}
973 #endif
974 	}
975 	if (nrflags & F_FORCENET)
976 		nrflags &= ~F_ISHOST;
977 	flags |= RTF_UP;
978 	if (nrflags & F_ISHOST)
979 		flags |= RTF_HOST;
980 	if ((nrflags & F_INTERFACE) == 0)
981 		flags |= RTF_GATEWAY;
982 	if (nrflags & F_PROXY)
983 		flags |= RTF_ANNOUNCE;
984 	if (dest == NULL)
985 		dest = "";
986 	if (gateway == NULL)
987 		gateway = "";
988 
989 	if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&fibl_head)) {
990 		error = fiboptlist_csv("default", &fibl_head);
991 		if (error)
992 			errx(EX_OSERR, "fiboptlist_csv failed.");
993 	}
994 	error = 0;
995 	TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next) {
996 		fl->fl_error = newroute_fib(fl->fl_num, cmd, flags);
997 		if (fl->fl_error)
998 			fl->fl_errno = errno;
999 		error += fl->fl_error;
1000 	}
1001 	if (*cmd == 'g' || *cmd == 's')
1002 		exit(error);
1003 
1004 	error = 0;
1005 	if (!qflag) {
1006 		fibnum = 0;
1007 		TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next) {
1008 			if (fl->fl_error == 0)
1009 				fibnum++;
1010 		}
1011 		if (fibnum > 0) {
1012 			int firstfib = 1;
1013 
1014 			printf("%s %s %s", cmd,
1015 			    (nrflags & F_ISHOST) ? "host" : "net", dest);
1016 			if (*gateway)
1017 				printf(": gateway %s", gateway);
1018 
1019 			if (numfibs > 1) {
1020 				TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next) {
1021 					if (fl->fl_error == 0
1022 					    && fl->fl_num >= 0) {
1023 						if (firstfib) {
1024 							printf(" fib ");
1025 							firstfib = 0;
1026 						}
1027 						printf("%d", fl->fl_num);
1028 						if (fibnum-- > 1)
1029 							printf(",");
1030 					}
1031 				}
1032 			}
1033 			printf("\n");
1034 		}
1035 
1036 		fibnum = 0;
1037 		TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next) {
1038 			if (fl->fl_error != 0) {
1039 				printf("%s %s %s", cmd, (nrflags & F_ISHOST)
1040 				    ? "host" : "net", dest);
1041 				if (*gateway)
1042 					printf(": gateway %s", gateway);
1043 
1044 				if (fl->fl_num >= 0)
1045 					printf(" fib %d", fl->fl_num);
1046 
1047 				switch (fl->fl_errno) {
1048 				case ESRCH:
1049 					errmsg = "not in table";
1050 					break;
1051 				case EBUSY:
1052 					errmsg = "entry in use";
1053 					break;
1054 				case ENOBUFS:
1055 					errmsg = "not enough memory";
1056 					break;
1057 				case EADDRINUSE:
1058 					/*
1059 					 * handle recursion avoidance
1060 					 * in rt_setgate()
1061 					 */
1062 					errmsg = "gateway uses the same route";
1063 					break;
1064 				case EEXIST:
1065 					errmsg = "route already in table";
1066 					break;
1067 				default:
1068 					errmsg = strerror(fl->fl_errno);
1069 					break;
1070 				}
1071 				printf(": %s\n", errmsg);
1072 				error = 1;
1073 			}
1074 		}
1075 	}
1076 	exit(error);
1077 }
1078 
1079 static int
1080 newroute_fib(int fib, char *cmd, int flags)
1081 {
1082 	int error;
1083 
1084 	error = set_sofib(fib);
1085 	if (error) {
1086 		warn("fib number %d is ignored", fib);
1087 		return (error);
1088 	}
1089 
1090 	error = rtmsg(*cmd, flags, fib);
1091 	return (error);
1092 }
1093 
1094 #ifdef INET
1095 static void
1096 inet_makenetandmask(u_long net, struct sockaddr_in *sin,
1097     struct sockaddr_in *sin_mask, u_long bits)
1098 {
1099 	u_long mask = 0;
1100 
1101 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1102 
1103 	/*
1104 	 * MSB of net should be meaningful. 0/0 is exception.
1105 	 */
1106 	if (net > 0)
1107 		while ((net & 0xff000000) == 0)
1108 			net <<= 8;
1109 
1110 	/*
1111 	 * If no /xx was specified we must calculate the
1112 	 * CIDR address.
1113 	 */
1114 	if ((bits == 0) && (net != 0)) {
1115 		u_long i, j;
1116 
1117 		for(i = 0, j = 0xff; i < 4; i++)  {
1118 			if (net & j) {
1119 				break;
1120 			}
1121 			j <<= 8;
1122 		}
1123 		/* i holds the first non zero bit */
1124 		bits = 32 - (i*8);
1125 	}
1126 	if (bits != 0)
1127 		mask = 0xffffffff << (32 - bits);
1128 
1129 	sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(net);
1130 	sin_mask->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(mask);
1131 	sin_mask->sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1132 	sin_mask->sin_family = AF_INET;
1133 }
1134 #endif
1135 
1136 #ifdef INET6
1137 /*
1138  * XXX the function may need more improvement...
1139  */
1140 static int
1141 inet6_makenetandmask(struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6, const char *plen)
1142 {
1143 	struct in6_addr in6;
1144 
1145 	if (plen == NULL) {
1146 		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&sin6->sin6_addr) &&
1147 		    sin6->sin6_scope_id == 0) {
1148 			plen = "0";
1149 		} else if ((sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[0] & 0xe0) == 0x20) {
1150 			/* aggregatable global unicast - RFC2374 */
1151 			memset(&in6, 0, sizeof(in6));
1152 			if (!memcmp(&sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[8],
1153 				    &in6.s6_addr[8], 8))
1154 				plen = "64";
1155 		}
1156 	}
1157 
1158 	if (plen == NULL || strcmp(plen, "128") == 0)
1159 		return (1);
1160 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1161 	prefixlen(plen);
1162 	return (0);
1163 }
1164 #endif
1165 
1166 /*
1167  * Interpret an argument as a network address of some kind,
1168  * returning 1 if a host address, 0 if a network address.
1169  */
1170 static int
1171 getaddr(int idx, char *str, struct hostent **hpp, int nrflags)
1172 {
1173 	struct sockaddr *sa;
1174 #if defined(INET)
1175 	struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1176 	struct hostent *hp;
1177 	struct netent *np;
1178 	u_long val;
1179 	char *q;
1180 #elif defined(INET6)
1181 	char *q;
1182 #endif
1183 
1184 	if (idx < 0 || idx >= RTAX_MAX)
1185 		usage("internal error");
1186 	if (af == 0) {
1187 #if defined(INET)
1188 		af = AF_INET;
1189 		aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1190 #elif defined(INET6)
1191 		af = AF_INET6;
1192 		aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
1193 #else
1194 		af = AF_LINK;
1195 		aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
1196 #endif
1197 	}
1198 #ifndef INET
1199 	hpp = NULL;
1200 #endif
1201 	rtm_addrs |= (1 << idx);
1202 	sa = (struct sockaddr *)&so[idx];
1203 	sa->sa_family = af;
1204 	sa->sa_len = aflen;
1205 
1206 	switch (idx) {
1207 	case RTAX_GATEWAY:
1208 		if (nrflags & F_INTERFACE) {
1209 			struct ifaddrs *ifap, *ifa;
1210 			struct sockaddr_dl *sdl0 = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)sa;
1211 			struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = NULL;
1212 
1213 			if (getifaddrs(&ifap))
1214 				err(EX_OSERR, "getifaddrs");
1215 
1216 			for (ifa = ifap; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
1217 				if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_LINK)
1218 					continue;
1219 
1220 				if (strcmp(str, ifa->ifa_name) != 0)
1221 					continue;
1222 
1223 				sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)ifa->ifa_addr;
1224 			}
1225 			/* If we found it, then use it */
1226 			if (sdl != NULL) {
1227 				/*
1228 				 * Note that we need to copy before calling
1229 				 * freeifaddrs().
1230 				 */
1231 				memcpy(sdl0, sdl, sdl->sdl_len);
1232 			}
1233 			freeifaddrs(ifap);
1234 			if (sdl != NULL)
1235 				return(1);
1236 		}
1237 		break;
1238 	case RTAX_IFP:
1239 		sa->sa_family = AF_LINK;
1240 		break;
1241 	}
1242 	if (strcmp(str, "default") == 0) {
1243 		/*
1244 		 * Default is net 0.0.0.0/0
1245 		 */
1246 		switch (idx) {
1247 		case RTAX_DST:
1248 			forcenet++;
1249 			getaddr(RTAX_NETMASK, str, 0, nrflags);
1250 			break;
1251 		}
1252 		return (0);
1253 	}
1254 	switch (sa->sa_family) {
1255 #ifdef INET6
1256 	case AF_INET6:
1257 	{
1258 		struct addrinfo hints, *res;
1259 		int ecode;
1260 
1261 		q = NULL;
1262 		if (idx == RTAX_DST && (q = strchr(str, '/')) != NULL)
1263 			*q = '\0';
1264 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
1265 		hints.ai_family = sa->sa_family;
1266 		hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;
1267 		ecode = getaddrinfo(str, NULL, &hints, &res);
1268 		if (ecode != 0 || res->ai_family != AF_INET6 ||
1269 		    res->ai_addrlen != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6))
1270 			errx(EX_OSERR, "%s: %s", str, gai_strerror(ecode));
1271 		memcpy(sa, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen);
1272 		freeaddrinfo(res);
1273 		if (q != NULL)
1274 			*q++ = '/';
1275 		if (idx == RTAX_DST)
1276 			return (inet6_makenetandmask((struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)sa, q));
1277 		return (0);
1278 	}
1279 #endif /* INET6 */
1280 
1281 	case AF_APPLETALK:
1282 	{
1283 		struct sockaddr_at *sat = (struct sockaddr_at *)(void *)sa;
1284 
1285 		if (!atalk_aton(str, &sat->sat_addr))
1286 			errx(EX_NOHOST, "bad address: %s", str);
1287 		rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1288 		return(forcehost || sat->sat_addr.s_node != 0);
1289 	}
1290 	case AF_LINK:
1291 		link_addr(str, (struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)sa);
1292 		return (1);
1293 
1294 	case PF_ROUTE:
1295 		sockaddr(str, sa, sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage));
1296 		return (1);
1297 #ifdef INET
1298 	case AF_INET:
1299 #endif
1300 	default:
1301 		break;
1302 	}
1303 
1304 #ifdef INET
1305 	sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)sa;
1306 	if (hpp == NULL)
1307 		hpp = &hp;
1308 	*hpp = NULL;
1309 
1310 	q = strchr(str,'/');
1311 	if (q != NULL && idx == RTAX_DST) {
1312 		*q = '\0';
1313 		if ((val = inet_network(str)) != INADDR_NONE) {
1314 			inet_makenetandmask(val, sin,
1315 			    (struct sockaddr_in *)&so[RTAX_NETMASK],
1316 			    strtoul(q+1, 0, 0));
1317 			return (0);
1318 		}
1319 		*q = '/';
1320 	}
1321 	if ((idx != RTAX_DST || forcenet == 0) &&
1322 	    inet_aton(str, &sin->sin_addr)) {
1323 		val = sin->sin_addr.s_addr;
1324 		if (idx != RTAX_DST || forcehost ||
1325 		    inet_lnaof(sin->sin_addr) != INADDR_ANY)
1326 			return (1);
1327 		else {
1328 			val = ntohl(val);
1329 			goto netdone;
1330 		}
1331 	}
1332 	if (idx == RTAX_DST && forcehost == 0 &&
1333 	    ((val = inet_network(str)) != INADDR_NONE ||
1334 	    ((np = getnetbyname(str)) != NULL && (val = np->n_net) != 0))) {
1335 netdone:
1336 		inet_makenetandmask(val, sin,
1337 		    (struct sockaddr_in *)&so[RTAX_NETMASK], 0);
1338 		return (0);
1339 	}
1340 	hp = gethostbyname(str);
1341 	if (hp != NULL) {
1342 		*hpp = hp;
1343 		sin->sin_family = hp->h_addrtype;
1344 		memmove((char *)&sin->sin_addr, hp->h_addr,
1345 		    MIN((size_t)hp->h_length, sizeof(sin->sin_addr)));
1346 		return (1);
1347 	}
1348 #endif
1349 	errx(EX_NOHOST, "bad address: %s", str);
1350 }
1351 
1352 static int
1353 prefixlen(const char *str)
1354 {
1355 	int len = atoi(str), q, r;
1356 	int max;
1357 	char *p;
1358 
1359 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1360 	switch (af) {
1361 #ifdef INET6
1362 	case AF_INET6:
1363 	{
1364 		struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6 =
1365 		    (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&so[RTAX_NETMASK];
1366 
1367 		max = 128;
1368 		p = (char *)&sin6->sin6_addr;
1369 		sin6->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
1370 		sin6->sin6_len = sizeof(*sin6);
1371 		break;
1372 	}
1373 #endif
1374 #ifdef INET
1375 	case AF_INET:
1376 	{
1377 		struct sockaddr_in *sin =
1378 		    (struct sockaddr_in *)&so[RTAX_NETMASK];
1379 
1380 		max = 32;
1381 		p = (char *)&sin->sin_addr;
1382 		sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1383 		sin->sin_len = sizeof(*sin);
1384 		break;
1385 	}
1386 #endif
1387 	default:
1388 		errx(EX_OSERR, "prefixlen not supported in this af");
1389 	}
1390 
1391 	if (len < 0 || max < len)
1392 		errx(EX_USAGE, "%s: invalid prefixlen", str);
1393 
1394 	q = len >> 3;
1395 	r = len & 7;
1396 	memset((void *)p, 0, max / 8);
1397 	if (q > 0)
1398 		memset((void *)p, 0xff, q);
1399 	if (r > 0)
1400 		*((u_char *)p + q) = (0xff00 >> r) & 0xff;
1401 	if (len == max)
1402 		return (-1);
1403 	else
1404 		return (len);
1405 }
1406 
1407 static void
1408 interfaces(void)
1409 {
1410 	size_t needed;
1411 	int mib[6];
1412 	char *buf, *lim, *next, count = 0;
1413 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
1414 
1415 retry2:
1416 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
1417 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
1418 	mib[2] = 0;		/* protocol */
1419 	mib[3] = AF_UNSPEC;
1420 	mib[4] = NET_RT_IFLIST;
1421 	mib[5] = 0;		/* no flags */
1422 	if (sysctl(mib, nitems(mib), NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
1423 		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-estimate");
1424 	if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL)
1425 		errx(EX_OSERR, "malloc failed");
1426 	if (sysctl(mib, nitems(mib), buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
1427 		if (errno == ENOMEM && count++ < 10) {
1428 			warnx("Routing table grew, retrying");
1429 			sleep(1);
1430 			free(buf);
1431 			goto retry2;
1432 		}
1433 		err(EX_OSERR, "actual retrieval of interface table");
1434 	}
1435 	lim = buf + needed;
1436 	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
1437 		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)(void *)next;
1438 		print_rtmsg(rtm, rtm->rtm_msglen);
1439 	}
1440 }
1441 
1442 static void
1443 monitor(int argc, char *argv[])
1444 {
1445 	int n, fib, error;
1446 	char msg[2048], *endptr;
1447 
1448 	fib = defaultfib;
1449 	while (argc > 1) {
1450 		argc--;
1451 		argv++;
1452 		if (**argv != '-')
1453 			usage(*argv);
1454 		switch (keyword(*argv + 1)) {
1455 		case K_FIB:
1456 			if (!--argc)
1457 				usage(*argv);
1458 			errno = 0;
1459 			fib = strtol(*++argv, &endptr, 0);
1460 			if (errno == 0) {
1461 				if (*endptr != '\0' ||
1462 				    fib < 0 ||
1463 				    (numfibs != -1 && fib > numfibs - 1))
1464 					errno = EINVAL;
1465 			}
1466 			if (errno)
1467 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid fib number: %s", *argv);
1468 			break;
1469 		default:
1470 			usage(*argv);
1471 		}
1472 	}
1473 	error = set_sofib(fib);
1474 	if (error)
1475 		errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid fib number: %d", fib);
1476 
1477 	verbose = 1;
1478 	if (debugonly) {
1479 		interfaces();
1480 		exit(0);
1481 	}
1482 	for (;;) {
1483 		time_t now;
1484 		n = read(s, msg, 2048);
1485 		now = time(NULL);
1486 		(void)printf("\ngot message of size %d on %s", n, ctime(&now));
1487 		print_rtmsg((struct rt_msghdr *)(void *)msg, n);
1488 	}
1489 }
1490 
1491 static int
1492 rtmsg(int cmd, int flags, int fib)
1493 {
1494 	int rlen;
1495 	char *cp = m_rtmsg.m_space;
1496 	int l;
1497 
1498 #define NEXTADDR(w, u)							\
1499 	if (rtm_addrs & (w)) {						\
1500 		l = (((struct sockaddr *)&(u))->sa_len == 0) ?		\
1501 		    sizeof(long) :					\
1502 		    1 + ((((struct sockaddr *)&(u))->sa_len - 1)	\
1503 			| (sizeof(long) - 1));				\
1504 		memmove(cp, (char *)&(u), l);				\
1505 		cp += l;						\
1506 		if (verbose)						\
1507 			sodump((struct sockaddr *)&(u), #w);		\
1508 	}
1509 
1510 	errno = 0;
1511 	memset(&m_rtmsg, 0, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
1512 	if (cmd == 'a')
1513 		cmd = RTM_ADD;
1514 	else if (cmd == 'c')
1515 		cmd = RTM_CHANGE;
1516 	else if (cmd == 'g' || cmd == 's') {
1517 		cmd = RTM_GET;
1518 		if (so[RTAX_IFP].ss_family == 0) {
1519 			so[RTAX_IFP].ss_family = AF_LINK;
1520 			so[RTAX_IFP].ss_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
1521 			rtm_addrs |= RTA_IFP;
1522 		}
1523 	} else
1524 		cmd = RTM_DELETE;
1525 #define rtm m_rtmsg.m_rtm
1526 	rtm.rtm_type = cmd;
1527 	rtm.rtm_flags = flags;
1528 	rtm.rtm_version = RTM_VERSION;
1529 	rtm.rtm_seq = ++rtm_seq;
1530 	rtm.rtm_addrs = rtm_addrs;
1531 	rtm.rtm_rmx = rt_metrics;
1532 	rtm.rtm_inits = rtm_inits;
1533 
1534 	NEXTADDR(RTA_DST, so[RTAX_DST]);
1535 	NEXTADDR(RTA_GATEWAY, so[RTAX_GATEWAY]);
1536 	NEXTADDR(RTA_NETMASK, so[RTAX_NETMASK]);
1537 	NEXTADDR(RTA_GENMASK, so[RTAX_GENMASK]);
1538 	NEXTADDR(RTA_IFP, so[RTAX_IFP]);
1539 	NEXTADDR(RTA_IFA, so[RTAX_IFA]);
1540 	rtm.rtm_msglen = l = cp - (char *)&m_rtmsg;
1541 	if (verbose)
1542 		print_rtmsg(&rtm, l);
1543 	if (debugonly)
1544 		return (0);
1545 	if ((rlen = write(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, l)) < 0) {
1546 		if (errno == EPERM)
1547 			err(1, "writing to routing socket");
1548 		warn("writing to routing socket");
1549 		return (-1);
1550 	}
1551 	if (cmd == RTM_GET) {
1552 		do {
1553 			l = read(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
1554 		} while (l > 0 && (rtm.rtm_seq != rtm_seq || rtm.rtm_pid != pid));
1555 		if (l < 0)
1556 			warn("read from routing socket");
1557 		else
1558 			print_getmsg(&rtm, l, fib);
1559 	}
1560 #undef rtm
1561 	return (0);
1562 }
1563 
1564 static const char *const msgtypes[] = {
1565 	"",
1566 	"RTM_ADD: Add Route",
1567 	"RTM_DELETE: Delete Route",
1568 	"RTM_CHANGE: Change Metrics or flags",
1569 	"RTM_GET: Report Metrics",
1570 	"RTM_LOSING: Kernel Suspects Partitioning",
1571 	"RTM_REDIRECT: Told to use different route",
1572 	"RTM_MISS: Lookup failed on this address",
1573 	"RTM_LOCK: fix specified metrics",
1574 	"RTM_OLDADD: caused by SIOCADDRT",
1575 	"RTM_OLDDEL: caused by SIOCDELRT",
1576 	"RTM_RESOLVE: Route created by cloning",
1577 	"RTM_NEWADDR: address being added to iface",
1578 	"RTM_DELADDR: address being removed from iface",
1579 	"RTM_IFINFO: iface status change",
1580 	"RTM_NEWMADDR: new multicast group membership on iface",
1581 	"RTM_DELMADDR: multicast group membership removed from iface",
1582 	"RTM_IFANNOUNCE: interface arrival/departure",
1583 	"RTM_IEEE80211: IEEE 802.11 wireless event",
1584 };
1585 
1586 static const char metricnames[] =
1587     "\011weight\010rttvar\7rtt\6ssthresh\5sendpipe\4recvpipe\3expire"
1588     "\1mtu";
1589 static const char routeflags[] =
1590     "\1UP\2GATEWAY\3HOST\4REJECT\5DYNAMIC\6MODIFIED\7DONE"
1591     "\012XRESOLVE\013LLINFO\014STATIC\015BLACKHOLE"
1592     "\017PROTO2\020PROTO1\021PRCLONING\022WASCLONED\023PROTO3"
1593     "\025PINNED\026LOCAL\027BROADCAST\030MULTICAST\035STICKY";
1594 static const char ifnetflags[] =
1595     "\1UP\2BROADCAST\3DEBUG\4LOOPBACK\5PTP\6b6\7RUNNING\010NOARP"
1596     "\011PPROMISC\012ALLMULTI\013OACTIVE\014SIMPLEX\015LINK0\016LINK1"
1597     "\017LINK2\020MULTICAST";
1598 static const char addrnames[] =
1599     "\1DST\2GATEWAY\3NETMASK\4GENMASK\5IFP\6IFA\7AUTHOR\010BRD";
1600 
1601 static const char errfmt[] =
1602     "\n%s: truncated route message, only %zu bytes left\n";
1603 
1604 static void
1605 print_rtmsg(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, size_t msglen)
1606 {
1607 	struct if_msghdr *ifm;
1608 	struct ifa_msghdr *ifam;
1609 #ifdef RTM_NEWMADDR
1610 	struct ifma_msghdr *ifmam;
1611 #endif
1612 	struct if_announcemsghdr *ifan;
1613 	const char *state;
1614 
1615 	if (verbose == 0)
1616 		return;
1617 	if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) {
1618 		(void)printf("routing message version %d not understood\n",
1619 		    rtm->rtm_version);
1620 		return;
1621 	}
1622 	if (rtm->rtm_type < nitems(msgtypes))
1623 		(void)printf("%s: ", msgtypes[rtm->rtm_type]);
1624 	else
1625 		(void)printf("unknown type %d: ", rtm->rtm_type);
1626 	(void)printf("len %d, ", rtm->rtm_msglen);
1627 
1628 #define	REQUIRE(x)	do {		\
1629 	if (msglen < sizeof(x))		\
1630 		goto badlen;		\
1631 	else				\
1632 		msglen -= sizeof(x);	\
1633 	} while (0)
1634 
1635 	switch (rtm->rtm_type) {
1636 	case RTM_IFINFO:
1637 		REQUIRE(struct if_msghdr);
1638 		ifm = (struct if_msghdr *)rtm;
1639 		(void)printf("if# %d, ", ifm->ifm_index);
1640 		switch (ifm->ifm_data.ifi_link_state) {
1641 		case LINK_STATE_DOWN:
1642 			state = "down";
1643 			break;
1644 		case LINK_STATE_UP:
1645 			state = "up";
1646 			break;
1647 		default:
1648 			state = "unknown";
1649 			break;
1650 		}
1651 		(void)printf("link: %s, flags:", state);
1652 		printb(ifm->ifm_flags, ifnetflags);
1653 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifm + 1), ifm->ifm_addrs, msglen);
1654 		break;
1655 	case RTM_NEWADDR:
1656 	case RTM_DELADDR:
1657 		REQUIRE(struct ifa_msghdr);
1658 		ifam = (struct ifa_msghdr *)rtm;
1659 		(void)printf("metric %d, flags:", ifam->ifam_metric);
1660 		printb(ifam->ifam_flags, routeflags);
1661 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifam + 1), ifam->ifam_addrs, msglen);
1662 		break;
1663 #ifdef RTM_NEWMADDR
1664 	case RTM_NEWMADDR:
1665 	case RTM_DELMADDR:
1666 		REQUIRE(struct ifma_msghdr);
1667 		ifmam = (struct ifma_msghdr *)rtm;
1668 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifmam + 1), ifmam->ifmam_addrs, msglen);
1669 		break;
1670 #endif
1671 	case RTM_IFANNOUNCE:
1672 		REQUIRE(struct if_announcemsghdr);
1673 		ifan = (struct if_announcemsghdr *)rtm;
1674 		(void)printf("if# %d, what: ", ifan->ifan_index);
1675 		switch (ifan->ifan_what) {
1676 		case IFAN_ARRIVAL:
1677 			(void)printf("arrival");
1678 			break;
1679 		case IFAN_DEPARTURE:
1680 			printf("departure");
1681 			break;
1682 		default:
1683 			printf("#%d", ifan->ifan_what);
1684 			break;
1685 		}
1686 		printf("\n");
1687 		fflush(stdout);
1688 		break;
1689 
1690 	default:
1691 		printf("pid: %ld, seq %d, errno %d, flags:",
1692 			(long)rtm->rtm_pid, rtm->rtm_seq, rtm->rtm_errno);
1693 		printb(rtm->rtm_flags, routeflags);
1694 		pmsg_common(rtm, msglen);
1695 	}
1696 
1697 	return;
1698 
1699 badlen:
1700 	(void)printf(errfmt, __func__, msglen);
1701 #undef	REQUIRE
1702 }
1703 
1704 static void
1705 print_getmsg(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, int msglen, int fib)
1706 {
1707 	struct sockaddr *sp[RTAX_MAX];
1708 	struct timespec ts;
1709 	char *cp;
1710 	int i;
1711 
1712 	memset(sp, 0, sizeof(sp));
1713 	(void)printf("   route to: %s\n",
1714 	    routename((struct sockaddr *)&so[RTAX_DST]));
1715 	if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) {
1716 		warnx("routing message version %d not understood",
1717 		     rtm->rtm_version);
1718 		return;
1719 	}
1720 	if (rtm->rtm_msglen > msglen) {
1721 		warnx("message length mismatch, in packet %d, returned %d",
1722 		      rtm->rtm_msglen, msglen);
1723 		return;
1724 	}
1725 	if (rtm->rtm_errno)  {
1726 		errno = rtm->rtm_errno;
1727 		warn("message indicates error %d", errno);
1728 		return;
1729 	}
1730 	cp = ((char *)(rtm + 1));
1731 	for (i = 0; i < RTAX_MAX; i++)
1732 		if (rtm->rtm_addrs & (1 << i)) {
1733 			sp[i] = (struct sockaddr *)cp;
1734 			cp += SA_SIZE((struct sockaddr *)cp);
1735 		}
1736 	if ((rtm->rtm_addrs & RTA_IFP) &&
1737 	    (sp[RTAX_IFP]->sa_family != AF_LINK ||
1738 	     ((struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)sp[RTAX_IFP])->sdl_nlen == 0))
1739 			sp[RTAX_IFP] = NULL;
1740 	if (sp[RTAX_DST] && sp[RTAX_NETMASK])
1741 		sp[RTAX_NETMASK]->sa_family = sp[RTAX_DST]->sa_family; /* XXX */
1742 	if (sp[RTAX_DST])
1743 		(void)printf("destination: %s\n", routename(sp[RTAX_DST]));
1744 	if (sp[RTAX_NETMASK])
1745 		(void)printf("       mask: %s\n", routename(sp[RTAX_NETMASK]));
1746 	if (sp[RTAX_GATEWAY] && (rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY))
1747 		(void)printf("    gateway: %s\n", routename(sp[RTAX_GATEWAY]));
1748 	if (fib >= 0)
1749 		(void)printf("        fib: %u\n", (unsigned int)fib);
1750 	if (sp[RTAX_IFP])
1751 		(void)printf("  interface: %.*s\n",
1752 		    ((struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)sp[RTAX_IFP])->sdl_nlen,
1753 		    ((struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)sp[RTAX_IFP])->sdl_data);
1754 	(void)printf("      flags: ");
1755 	printb(rtm->rtm_flags, routeflags);
1756 
1757 #define lock(f)	((rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_locks & __CONCAT(RTV_,f)) ? 'L' : ' ')
1758 #define msec(u)	(((u) + 500) / 1000)		/* usec to msec */
1759 	printf("\n%9s %9s %9s %9s %9s %10s %9s\n", "recvpipe",
1760 	    "sendpipe", "ssthresh", "rtt,msec", "mtu   ", "weight", "expire");
1761 	printf("%8lu%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_recvpipe, lock(RPIPE));
1762 	printf("%8lu%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_sendpipe, lock(SPIPE));
1763 	printf("%8lu%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_ssthresh, lock(SSTHRESH));
1764 	printf("%8lu%c ", msec(rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_rtt), lock(RTT));
1765 	printf("%8lu%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_mtu, lock(MTU));
1766 	printf("%8lu%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_weight, lock(WEIGHT));
1767 	if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire > 0)
1768 		clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_FAST, &ts);
1769 	else
1770 		ts.tv_sec = 0;
1771 	printf("%8ld%c\n", (long)(rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire - ts.tv_sec),
1772 	    lock(EXPIRE));
1773 #undef lock
1774 #undef msec
1775 #define	RTA_IGN	(RTA_DST|RTA_GATEWAY|RTA_NETMASK|RTA_IFP|RTA_IFA|RTA_BRD)
1776 	if (verbose)
1777 		pmsg_common(rtm, msglen);
1778 	else if (rtm->rtm_addrs &~ RTA_IGN) {
1779 		(void)printf("sockaddrs: ");
1780 		printb(rtm->rtm_addrs, addrnames);
1781 		putchar('\n');
1782 	}
1783 #undef	RTA_IGN
1784 }
1785 
1786 static void
1787 pmsg_common(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, size_t msglen)
1788 {
1789 
1790 	(void)printf("\nlocks: ");
1791 	printb(rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_locks, metricnames);
1792 	(void)printf(" inits: ");
1793 	printb(rtm->rtm_inits, metricnames);
1794 	if (msglen > sizeof(struct rt_msghdr))
1795 		pmsg_addrs(((char *)(rtm + 1)), rtm->rtm_addrs,
1796 		    msglen - sizeof(struct rt_msghdr));
1797 	else
1798 		(void)fflush(stdout);
1799 }
1800 
1801 static void
1802 pmsg_addrs(char *cp, int addrs, size_t len)
1803 {
1804 	struct sockaddr *sa;
1805 	int i;
1806 
1807 	if (addrs == 0) {
1808 		(void)putchar('\n');
1809 		return;
1810 	}
1811 	(void)printf("\nsockaddrs: ");
1812 	printb(addrs, addrnames);
1813 	putchar('\n');
1814 	for (i = 0; i < RTAX_MAX; i++)
1815 		if (addrs & (1 << i)) {
1816 			sa = (struct sockaddr *)cp;
1817 			if (len == 0 || len < SA_SIZE(sa)) {
1818 				(void)printf(errfmt, __func__, len);
1819 				break;
1820 			}
1821 			(void)printf(" %s", routename(sa));
1822 			len -= SA_SIZE(sa);
1823 			cp += SA_SIZE(sa);
1824 		}
1825 	(void)putchar('\n');
1826 	(void)fflush(stdout);
1827 }
1828 
1829 static void
1830 printb(int b, const char *str)
1831 {
1832 	int i;
1833 	int gotsome = 0;
1834 
1835 	if (b == 0)
1836 		return;
1837 	while ((i = *str++) != 0) {
1838 		if (b & (1 << (i-1))) {
1839 			if (gotsome == 0)
1840 				i = '<';
1841 			else
1842 				i = ',';
1843 			putchar(i);
1844 			gotsome = 1;
1845 			for (; (i = *str) > 32; str++)
1846 				putchar(i);
1847 		} else
1848 			while (*str > 32)
1849 				str++;
1850 	}
1851 	if (gotsome)
1852 		putchar('>');
1853 }
1854 
1855 int
1856 keyword(const char *cp)
1857 {
1858 	const struct keytab *kt = keywords;
1859 
1860 	while (kt->kt_cp != NULL && strcmp(kt->kt_cp, cp) != 0)
1861 		kt++;
1862 	return (kt->kt_i);
1863 }
1864 
1865 static void
1866 sodump(struct sockaddr *sa, const char *which)
1867 {
1868 	char atalk_buf[ATALK_BUF_SIZE];
1869 #ifdef INET6
1870 	char nbuf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
1871 #endif
1872 
1873 	switch (sa->sa_family) {
1874 	case AF_LINK:
1875 		(void)printf("%s: link %s; ", which,
1876 		    link_ntoa((struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)sa));
1877 		break;
1878 #ifdef INET
1879 	case AF_INET:
1880 		(void)printf("%s: inet %s; ", which,
1881 		    inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)sa)->sin_addr));
1882 		break;
1883 #endif
1884 #ifdef INET6
1885 	case AF_INET6:
1886 		(void)printf("%s: inet6 %s; ", which, inet_ntop(sa->sa_family,
1887 		    &((struct sockaddr_in6 *)(void *)sa)->sin6_addr, nbuf,
1888 		    sizeof(nbuf)));
1889 		break;
1890 #endif
1891 	case AF_APPLETALK:
1892 		(void)printf("%s: atalk %s; ", which,
1893 		    atalk_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_at *)(void *)sa)->sat_addr,
1894 		    atalk_buf));
1895 		break;
1896 	}
1897 	(void)fflush(stdout);
1898 }
1899 
1900 /* States*/
1901 #define VIRGIN	0
1902 #define GOTONE	1
1903 #define GOTTWO	2
1904 /* Inputs */
1905 #define	DIGIT	(4*0)
1906 #define	END	(4*1)
1907 #define DELIM	(4*2)
1908 
1909 static void
1910 sockaddr(char *addr, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t size)
1911 {
1912 	char *cp = (char *)sa;
1913 	char *cplim = cp + size;
1914 	int byte = 0, state = VIRGIN, new = 0 /* foil gcc */;
1915 
1916 	memset(cp, 0, size);
1917 	cp++;
1918 	do {
1919 		if ((*addr >= '0') && (*addr <= '9')) {
1920 			new = *addr - '0';
1921 		} else if ((*addr >= 'a') && (*addr <= 'f')) {
1922 			new = *addr - 'a' + 10;
1923 		} else if ((*addr >= 'A') && (*addr <= 'F')) {
1924 			new = *addr - 'A' + 10;
1925 		} else if (*addr == '\0')
1926 			state |= END;
1927 		else
1928 			state |= DELIM;
1929 		addr++;
1930 		switch (state /* | INPUT */) {
1931 		case GOTTWO | DIGIT:
1932 			*cp++ = byte; /*FALLTHROUGH*/
1933 		case VIRGIN | DIGIT:
1934 			state = GOTONE; byte = new; continue;
1935 		case GOTONE | DIGIT:
1936 			state = GOTTWO; byte = new + (byte << 4); continue;
1937 		default: /* | DELIM */
1938 			state = VIRGIN; *cp++ = byte; byte = 0; continue;
1939 		case GOTONE | END:
1940 		case GOTTWO | END:
1941 			*cp++ = byte; /* FALLTHROUGH */
1942 		case VIRGIN | END:
1943 			break;
1944 		}
1945 		break;
1946 	} while (cp < cplim);
1947 	sa->sa_len = cp - (char *)sa;
1948 }
1949 
1950 static int
1951 atalk_aton(const char *text, struct at_addr *addr)
1952 {
1953 	u_int net, node;
1954 
1955 	if (sscanf(text, "%u.%u", &net, &node) != 2
1956 	    || net > 0xffff || node > 0xff)
1957 		return(0);
1958 	addr->s_net = htons(net);
1959 	addr->s_node = node;
1960 	return(1);
1961 }
1962 
1963 static char *
1964 atalk_ntoa(struct at_addr at, char buf[ATALK_BUF_SIZE])
1965 {
1966 	(void)snprintf(buf, ATALK_BUF_SIZE, "%u.%u", ntohs(at.s_net), at.s_node);
1967 	buf[ATALK_BUF_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
1968 	return(buf);
1969 }
1970