xref: /freebsd/sbin/route/route.c (revision aa77200569e397d6ff1fdb4d255d0fa254d0a128)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #ifndef lint
31 static const char copyright[] =
32 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1991, 1993\n\
33 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
34 #endif /* not lint */
35 
36 #ifndef lint
37 #if 0
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)route.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 4/28/95";
39 #endif
40 #endif /* not lint */
41 
42 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
43 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
44 
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/file.h>
47 #include <sys/socket.h>
48 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
49 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
50 #include <sys/types.h>
51 #include <sys/queue.h>
52 
53 #include <net/if.h>
54 #include <net/route.h>
55 #include <net/if_dl.h>
56 #include <netinet/in.h>
57 #include <netinet/if_ether.h>
58 #include <netatalk/at.h>
59 #include <arpa/inet.h>
60 #include <netdb.h>
61 
62 #include <ctype.h>
63 #include <err.h>
64 #include <errno.h>
65 #include <paths.h>
66 #include <stdio.h>
67 #include <stdlib.h>
68 #include <string.h>
69 #include <sysexits.h>
70 #include <unistd.h>
71 #include <ifaddrs.h>
72 
73 struct keytab {
74 	const char	*kt_cp;
75 	int	kt_i;
76 } keywords[] = {
77 #include "keywords.h"
78 	{0, 0}
79 };
80 
81 union	sockunion {
82 	struct	sockaddr sa;
83 	struct	sockaddr_in sin;
84 #ifdef INET6
85 	struct	sockaddr_in6 sin6;
86 #endif
87 	struct	sockaddr_at sat;
88 	struct	sockaddr_dl sdl;
89 	struct	sockaddr_inarp sinarp;
90 	struct	sockaddr_storage ss; /* added to avoid memory overrun */
91 } so_dst, so_gate, so_mask, so_genmask, so_ifa, so_ifp;
92 
93 typedef union sockunion *sup;
94 int	pid, rtm_addrs;
95 int	s;
96 int	forcehost, forcenet, doflush, nflag, af, qflag, tflag;
97 int	iflag, verbose, aflen = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in);
98 int	locking, lockrest, debugonly;
99 struct	rt_metrics rt_metrics;
100 u_long  rtm_inits;
101 uid_t	uid;
102 static int	defaultfib;
103 static int	numfibs;
104 
105 static int	atalk_aton(const char *, struct at_addr *);
106 static char	*atalk_ntoa(struct at_addr);
107 static void	bprintf(FILE *, int, u_char *);
108 static void	flushroutes(int argc, char *argv[]);
109 static int	flushroutes_fib(int);
110 static int	getaddr(int, char *, struct hostent **);
111 static int	keyword(const char *);
112 static void	inet_makenetandmask(u_long, struct sockaddr_in *, u_long);
113 #ifdef INET6
114 static int inet6_makenetandmask(struct sockaddr_in6 *, const char *);
115 #endif
116 static void	interfaces(void);
117 static void	mask_addr(void);
118 static void	monitor(int, char*[]);
119 static const char	*netname(struct sockaddr *);
120 static void	newroute(int, char **);
121 static int	newroute_fib(int, char *, int);
122 static void	pmsg_addrs(char *, int, size_t);
123 static void	pmsg_common(struct rt_msghdr *, size_t);
124 static int	prefixlen(const char *);
125 static void	print_getmsg(struct rt_msghdr *, int, int);
126 static void	print_rtmsg(struct rt_msghdr *, size_t);
127 static const char	*routename(struct sockaddr *);
128 static int	rtmsg(int, int, int);
129 static void	set_metric(char *, int);
130 static int	set_sofib(int);
131 static int	set_procfib(int);
132 static void	sockaddr(char *, struct sockaddr *);
133 static void	sodump(sup, const char *);
134 extern	char *iso_ntoa(void);
135 
136 struct fibl {
137 	TAILQ_ENTRY(fibl)	fl_next;
138 
139 	int	fl_num;
140 	int	fl_error;
141 	int	fl_errno;
142 };
143 TAILQ_HEAD(fibl_head_t, fibl) fibl_head;
144 
145 static int	fiboptlist_csv(const char *, struct fibl_head_t *);
146 static int	fiboptlist_range(const char *, struct fibl_head_t *);
147 
148 static void usage(const char *) __dead2;
149 
150 void
151 usage(const char *cp)
152 {
153 	if (cp != NULL)
154 		warnx("bad keyword: %s", cp);
155 	(void) fprintf(stderr,
156 	    "usage: route [-dnqtv] command [[modifiers] args]\n");
157 	exit(EX_USAGE);
158 	/* NOTREACHED */
159 }
160 
161 int
162 main(int argc, char **argv)
163 {
164 	int ch;
165 	size_t len;
166 
167 	if (argc < 2)
168 		usage(NULL);
169 
170 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "nqdtv")) != -1)
171 		switch(ch) {
172 		case 'n':
173 			nflag = 1;
174 			break;
175 		case 'q':
176 			qflag = 1;
177 			break;
178 		case 'v':
179 			verbose = 1;
180 			break;
181 		case 't':
182 			tflag = 1;
183 			break;
184 		case 'd':
185 			debugonly = 1;
186 			break;
187 		case '?':
188 		default:
189 			usage(NULL);
190 		}
191 	argc -= optind;
192 	argv += optind;
193 
194 	pid = getpid();
195 	uid = geteuid();
196 	if (tflag)
197 		s = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_WRONLY, 0);
198 	else
199 		s = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, 0);
200 	if (s < 0)
201 		err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
202 
203 	len = sizeof(numfibs);
204 	if (sysctlbyname("net.fibs", (void *)&numfibs, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
205 		numfibs = -1;
206 
207 	len = sizeof(defaultfib);
208 	if (numfibs != -1 &&
209 	    sysctlbyname("net.my_fibnum", (void *)&defaultfib, &len, NULL,
210 		0) == -1)
211 		defaultfib = -1;
212 
213 	if (*argv != NULL)
214 		switch (keyword(*argv)) {
215 		case K_GET:
216 		case K_SHOW:
217 			uid = 0;
218 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
219 
220 		case K_CHANGE:
221 		case K_ADD:
222 		case K_DEL:
223 		case K_DELETE:
224 			newroute(argc, argv);
225 			/* NOTREACHED */
226 
227 		case K_MONITOR:
228 			monitor(argc, argv);
229 			/* NOTREACHED */
230 
231 		case K_FLUSH:
232 			flushroutes(argc, argv);
233 			exit(0);
234 			/* NOTREACHED */
235 		}
236 	usage(*argv);
237 	/* NOTREACHED */
238 }
239 
240 static int
241 set_sofib(int fib)
242 {
243 
244 	if (fib < 0)
245 		return (0);
246 	return (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SETFIB, (void *)&fib,
247 	    sizeof(fib)));
248 }
249 
250 static int
251 set_procfib(int fib)
252 {
253 
254 	if (fib < 0)
255 		return (0);
256 	return (setfib(fib));
257 }
258 
259 static int
260 fiboptlist_range(const char *arg, struct fibl_head_t *flh)
261 {
262 	struct fibl *fl;
263 	char *str, *token, *endptr;
264 	int fib[2], i, error;
265 
266 	str = strdup(arg);
267 	error = 0;
268 	i = 0;
269 	while ((token = strsep(&str, "-")) != NULL) {
270 		switch (i) {
271 		case 0:
272 		case 1:
273 			fib[i] = strtol(token, &endptr, 0);
274 			if (*endptr != '\0' || (fib[i] == 0 &&
275 			    (errno == EINVAL || errno == ERANGE)))
276 				error = 1;
277 			break;
278 		default:
279 			error = 1;
280 		}
281 		if (error)
282 			goto fiboptlist_range_ret;
283 		i++;
284 	}
285 	if (fib[0] >= fib[1]) {
286 		error = 1;
287 		goto fiboptlist_range_ret;
288 	}
289 	for (i = fib[0]; i <= fib[1]; i++) {
290 		fl = calloc(1, sizeof(*fl));
291 		if (fl == NULL) {
292 			error = 1;
293 			goto fiboptlist_range_ret;
294 		}
295 		fl->fl_num = i;
296 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(flh, fl, fl_next);
297 	}
298 fiboptlist_range_ret:
299 	free(str);
300 	return (error);
301 }
302 
303 #define	ALLSTRLEN	64
304 static int
305 fiboptlist_csv(const char *arg, struct fibl_head_t *flh)
306 {
307 	struct fibl *fl;
308 	char *str, *token, *endptr;
309 	int fib, error;
310 
311 	if (strcmp("all", arg) == 0) {
312 		str = calloc(1, ALLSTRLEN);
313 		if (str == NULL) {
314 			error = 1;
315 			goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
316 		}
317 		if (numfibs > 1)
318 			snprintf(str, ALLSTRLEN - 1, "%d-%d", 0, numfibs - 1);
319 		else
320 			snprintf(str, ALLSTRLEN - 1, "%d", 0);
321 	} else if (strcmp("default", arg) == 0) {
322 		str = calloc(1, ALLSTRLEN);
323 		if (str == NULL) {
324 			error = 1;
325 			goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
326 		}
327 		snprintf(str, ALLSTRLEN - 1, "%d", defaultfib);
328 	} else
329 		str = strdup(arg);
330 
331 	error = 0;
332 	while ((token = strsep(&str, ",")) != NULL) {
333 		if (*token != '-' && strchr(token, '-') != NULL) {
334 			error = fiboptlist_range(token, flh);
335 			if (error)
336 				goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
337 		} else {
338 			fib = strtol(token, &endptr, 0);
339 			if (*endptr != '\0' || (fib == 0 &&
340 			    (errno == EINVAL || errno == ERANGE))) {
341 				error = 1;
342 				goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
343 			}
344 			fl = calloc(1, sizeof(*fl));
345 			if (fl == NULL) {
346 				error = 1;
347 				goto fiboptlist_csv_ret;
348 			}
349 			fl->fl_num = fib;
350 			TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(flh, fl, fl_next);
351 		}
352 	}
353 fiboptlist_csv_ret:
354 	free(str);
355 	return (error);
356 }
357 
358 /*
359  * Purge all entries in the routing tables not
360  * associated with network interfaces.
361  */
362 static void
363 flushroutes(int argc, char *argv[])
364 {
365 	struct fibl *fl;
366 	int error;
367 
368 	if (uid != 0 && !debugonly) {
369 		errx(EX_NOPERM, "must be root to alter routing table");
370 	}
371 	shutdown(s, SHUT_RD); /* Don't want to read back our messages */
372 
373 	TAILQ_INIT(&fibl_head);
374 	while (argc > 1) {
375 		argc--;
376 		argv++;
377 		if (**argv != '-')
378 			usage(*argv);
379 		switch (keyword(*argv + 1)) {
380 		case K_INET:
381 			af = AF_INET;
382 			break;
383 #ifdef INET6
384 		case K_INET6:
385 			af = AF_INET6;
386 			break;
387 #endif
388 		case K_ATALK:
389 			af = AF_APPLETALK;
390 			break;
391 		case K_LINK:
392 			af = AF_LINK;
393 			break;
394 		case K_FIB:
395 			if (!--argc)
396 				usage(*argv);
397 			error = fiboptlist_csv(*++argv, &fibl_head);
398 			if (error)
399 				usage(*argv);
400 			break;
401 		default:
402 			usage(*argv);
403 		}
404 	}
405 	if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&fibl_head)) {
406 		error = fiboptlist_csv("default", &fibl_head);
407 		if (error)
408 			errx(EX_OSERR, "fiboptlist_csv failed.");
409 	}
410 	TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next)
411 		flushroutes_fib(fl->fl_num);
412 }
413 
414 static int
415 flushroutes_fib(int fib)
416 {
417 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
418 	size_t needed;
419 	char *buf, *next, *lim;
420 	int mib[6], rlen, seqno, count = 0;
421 	int error;
422 
423 	error = set_sofib(fib);
424 	error += set_procfib(fib);
425 	if (error) {
426 		warn("fib number %d is ignored", fib);
427 		return (error);
428 	}
429 
430 retry:
431 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
432 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
433 	mib[2] = 0;		/* protocol */
434 	mib[3] = 0;		/* wildcard address family */
435 	mib[4] = NET_RT_DUMP;
436 	mib[5] = 0;		/* no flags */
437 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
438 		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-estimate");
439 	if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL)
440 		errx(EX_OSERR, "malloc failed");
441 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
442 		if (errno == ENOMEM && count++ < 10) {
443 			warnx("Routing table grew, retrying");
444 			sleep(1);
445 			free(buf);
446 			goto retry;
447 		}
448 		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-get");
449 	}
450 	lim = buf + needed;
451 	if (verbose)
452 		(void) printf("Examining routing table from sysctl\n");
453 	seqno = 0;		/* ??? */
454 	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
455 		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
456 		if (verbose)
457 			print_rtmsg(rtm, rtm->rtm_msglen);
458 		if ((rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) == 0)
459 			continue;
460 		if (af != 0) {
461 			struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
462 
463 			if (sa->sa_family != af)
464 				continue;
465 		}
466 		if (debugonly)
467 			continue;
468 		rtm->rtm_type = RTM_DELETE;
469 		rtm->rtm_seq = seqno;
470 		rlen = write(s, next, rtm->rtm_msglen);
471 		if (rlen < 0 && errno == EPERM)
472 			err(1, "write to routing socket");
473 		if (rlen < (int)rtm->rtm_msglen) {
474 			warn("write to routing socket");
475 			(void) printf("got only %d for rlen\n", rlen);
476 			free(buf);
477 			goto retry;
478 			break;
479 		}
480 		seqno++;
481 		if (qflag)
482 			continue;
483 		if (verbose)
484 			print_rtmsg(rtm, rlen);
485 		else {
486 			struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
487 
488 			printf("%-20.20s ", rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_HOST ?
489 			    routename(sa) : netname(sa));
490 			sa = (struct sockaddr *)(SA_SIZE(sa) + (char *)sa);
491 			printf("%-20.20s ", routename(sa));
492 			if (fib >= 0)
493 				printf("-fib %-3d ", fib);
494 			printf("done\n");
495 		}
496 	}
497 	return (error);
498 }
499 
500 const char *
501 routename(struct sockaddr *sa)
502 {
503 	const char *cp;
504 	static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
505 	struct hostent *hp;
506 	static char domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
507 	static int first = 1, n;
508 
509 	if (first) {
510 		first = 0;
511 		if (gethostname(domain, MAXHOSTNAMELEN) == 0 &&
512 		    (cp = strchr(domain, '.'))) {
513 			domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN] = '\0';
514 			(void) strcpy(domain, cp + 1);
515 		} else
516 			domain[0] = 0;
517 	}
518 
519 	if (sa->sa_len == 0)
520 		strcpy(line, "default");
521 	else switch (sa->sa_family) {
522 
523 	case AF_INET:
524 	    {	struct in_addr in;
525 		in = ((struct sockaddr_in *)sa)->sin_addr;
526 
527 		cp = NULL;
528 		if (in.s_addr == INADDR_ANY || sa->sa_len < 4)
529 			cp = "default";
530 		if (cp == NULL && !nflag) {
531 			hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&in, sizeof (struct in_addr),
532 				AF_INET);
533 			if (hp != NULL) {
534 				char *cptr;
535 				cptr = strchr(hp->h_name, '.');
536 				if (cptr != NULL &&
537 				    strcmp(cptr + 1, domain) == 0)
538 					*cptr = '\0';
539 				cp = hp->h_name;
540 			}
541 		}
542 		if (cp != NULL) {
543 			strncpy(line, cp, sizeof(line) - 1);
544 			line[sizeof(line) - 1] = '\0';
545 		} else
546 			(void) sprintf(line, "%s", inet_ntoa(in));
547 		break;
548 	    }
549 
550 #ifdef INET6
551 	case AF_INET6:
552 	{
553 		struct sockaddr_in6 sin6; /* use static var for safety */
554 		int niflags = 0;
555 
556 		memset(&sin6, 0, sizeof(sin6));
557 		memcpy(&sin6, sa, sa->sa_len);
558 		sin6.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
559 		sin6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
560 		if (nflag)
561 			niflags |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
562 		if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&sin6, sin6.sin6_len,
563 		    line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0, niflags) != 0)
564 			strncpy(line, "invalid", sizeof(line));
565 
566 		return(line);
567 	}
568 #endif
569 
570 	case AF_APPLETALK:
571 		(void) snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "atalk %s",
572 			atalk_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_at *)sa)->sat_addr));
573 		break;
574 
575 	case AF_LINK:
576 		return (link_ntoa((struct sockaddr_dl *)sa));
577 
578 	default:
579 	    {
580 		u_short *sp = (u_short *)sa;
581 		u_short *splim = sp + ((sa->sa_len + 1) >> 1);
582 		char *cps = line + sprintf(line, "(%d)", sa->sa_family);
583 		char *cpe = line + sizeof(line);
584 
585 		while (++sp < splim && cps < cpe) /* start with sa->sa_data */
586 			if ((n = snprintf(cps, cpe - cps, " %x", *sp)) > 0)
587 				cps += n;
588 			else
589 				*cps = '\0';
590 		break;
591 	    }
592 	}
593 	return (line);
594 }
595 
596 /*
597  * Return the name of the network whose address is given.
598  * The address is assumed to be that of a net, not a host.
599  */
600 const char *
601 netname(struct sockaddr *sa)
602 {
603 	const char *cp = NULL;
604 	static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
605 	struct netent *np = NULL;
606 	u_long i;
607 	int n;
608 
609 	switch (sa->sa_family) {
610 
611 	case AF_INET:
612 	    {	struct in_addr in;
613 		in = ((struct sockaddr_in *)sa)->sin_addr;
614 
615 		i = in.s_addr = ntohl(in.s_addr);
616 		if (in.s_addr == 0)
617 			cp = "default";
618 		else if (!nflag) {
619 			np = getnetbyaddr(i, AF_INET);
620 			if (np != NULL)
621 				cp = np->n_name;
622 		}
623 #define C(x)	(unsigned)((x) & 0xff)
624 		if (cp != NULL)
625 			strncpy(line, cp, sizeof(line));
626 		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xffffff) == 0)
627 			(void) sprintf(line, "%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24));
628 		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xffff) == 0)
629 			(void) sprintf(line, "%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
630 			    C(in.s_addr >> 16));
631 		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xff) == 0)
632 			(void) sprintf(line, "%u.%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
633 			    C(in.s_addr >> 16), C(in.s_addr >> 8));
634 		else
635 			(void) sprintf(line, "%u.%u.%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
636 			    C(in.s_addr >> 16), C(in.s_addr >> 8),
637 			    C(in.s_addr));
638 #undef C
639 		break;
640 	    }
641 
642 #ifdef INET6
643 	case AF_INET6:
644 	{
645 		struct sockaddr_in6 sin6; /* use static var for safety */
646 		int niflags = 0;
647 
648 		memset(&sin6, 0, sizeof(sin6));
649 		memcpy(&sin6, sa, sa->sa_len);
650 		sin6.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
651 		sin6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
652 		if (nflag)
653 			niflags |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
654 		if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&sin6, sin6.sin6_len,
655 		    line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0, niflags) != 0)
656 			strncpy(line, "invalid", sizeof(line));
657 
658 		return(line);
659 	}
660 #endif
661 
662 	case AF_APPLETALK:
663 		(void) snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "atalk %s",
664 			atalk_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_at *)sa)->sat_addr));
665 		break;
666 
667 	case AF_LINK:
668 		return (link_ntoa((struct sockaddr_dl *)sa));
669 
670 
671 	default:
672 	    {
673 		u_short *sp = (u_short *)sa->sa_data;
674 		u_short *splim = sp + ((sa->sa_len + 1)>>1);
675 		char *cps = line + sprintf(line, "af %d:", sa->sa_family);
676 		char *cpe = line + sizeof(line);
677 
678 		while (sp < splim && cps < cpe)
679 			if ((n = snprintf(cps, cpe - cps, " %x", *sp++)) > 0)
680 				cps += n;
681 			else
682 				*cps = '\0';
683 		break;
684 	    }
685 	}
686 	return (line);
687 }
688 
689 static void
690 set_metric(char *value, int key)
691 {
692 	int flag = 0;
693 	u_long noval, *valp = &noval;
694 
695 	switch (key) {
696 #define caseof(x, y, z)	case x: valp = &rt_metrics.z; flag = y; break
697 	caseof(K_MTU, RTV_MTU, rmx_mtu);
698 	caseof(K_HOPCOUNT, RTV_HOPCOUNT, rmx_hopcount);
699 	caseof(K_EXPIRE, RTV_EXPIRE, rmx_expire);
700 	caseof(K_RECVPIPE, RTV_RPIPE, rmx_recvpipe);
701 	caseof(K_SENDPIPE, RTV_SPIPE, rmx_sendpipe);
702 	caseof(K_SSTHRESH, RTV_SSTHRESH, rmx_ssthresh);
703 	caseof(K_RTT, RTV_RTT, rmx_rtt);
704 	caseof(K_RTTVAR, RTV_RTTVAR, rmx_rttvar);
705 	caseof(K_WEIGHT, RTV_WEIGHT, rmx_weight);
706 	}
707 	rtm_inits |= flag;
708 	if (lockrest || locking)
709 		rt_metrics.rmx_locks |= flag;
710 	if (locking)
711 		locking = 0;
712 	*valp = atoi(value);
713 }
714 
715 #define	F_ISHOST	0x01
716 #define	F_FORCENET	0x02
717 #define	F_FORCEHOST	0x04
718 #define	F_PROXY		0x08
719 #define	F_INTERFACE	0x10
720 
721 static void
722 newroute(int argc, char **argv)
723 {
724 	struct hostent *hp;
725 	struct fibl *fl;
726 	char *cmd;
727 	const char *dest, *gateway, *errmsg;
728 	int key, error, flags, nrflags, fibnum;
729 
730 	if (uid != 0) {
731 		errx(EX_NOPERM, "must be root to alter routing table");
732 	}
733 
734 	dest = NULL;
735 	gateway = NULL;
736 	flags = RTF_STATIC;
737 	nrflags = 0;
738 	hp = NULL;
739 	TAILQ_INIT(&fibl_head);
740 
741 	cmd = argv[0];
742 	if (*cmd != 'g' && *cmd != 's')
743 		shutdown(s, SHUT_RD); /* Don't want to read back our messages */
744 
745 	while (--argc > 0) {
746 		if (**(++argv)== '-') {
747 			switch (key = keyword(1 + *argv)) {
748 			case K_LINK:
749 				af = AF_LINK;
750 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
751 				break;
752 			case K_INET:
753 				af = AF_INET;
754 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
755 				break;
756 #ifdef INET6
757 			case K_INET6:
758 				af = AF_INET6;
759 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
760 				break;
761 #endif
762 			case K_ATALK:
763 				af = AF_APPLETALK;
764 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_at);
765 				break;
766 			case K_SA:
767 				af = PF_ROUTE;
768 				aflen = sizeof(union sockunion);
769 				break;
770 			case K_IFACE:
771 			case K_INTERFACE:
772 				nrflags |= F_INTERFACE;
773 				break;
774 			case K_NOSTATIC:
775 				flags &= ~RTF_STATIC;
776 				break;
777 			case K_LOCK:
778 				locking = 1;
779 				break;
780 			case K_LOCKREST:
781 				lockrest = 1;
782 				break;
783 			case K_HOST:
784 				nrflags |= F_FORCEHOST;
785 				break;
786 			case K_REJECT:
787 				flags |= RTF_REJECT;
788 				break;
789 			case K_BLACKHOLE:
790 				flags |= RTF_BLACKHOLE;
791 				break;
792 			case K_PROTO1:
793 				flags |= RTF_PROTO1;
794 				break;
795 			case K_PROTO2:
796 				flags |= RTF_PROTO2;
797 				break;
798 			case K_PROXY:
799 				nrflags |= F_PROXY;
800 				break;
801 			case K_XRESOLVE:
802 				flags |= RTF_XRESOLVE;
803 				break;
804 			case K_STATIC:
805 				flags |= RTF_STATIC;
806 				break;
807 			case K_STICKY:
808 				flags |= RTF_STICKY;
809 				break;
810 			case K_NOSTICK:
811 				flags &= ~RTF_STICKY;
812 				break;
813 			case K_FIB:
814 				if (!--argc)
815 					usage(NULL);
816 				error = fiboptlist_csv(*++argv, &fibl_head);
817 				if (error)
818 					usage(NULL);
819 				break;
820 			case K_IFA:
821 				if (!--argc)
822 					usage(NULL);
823 				(void) getaddr(RTA_IFA, *++argv, 0);
824 				break;
825 			case K_IFP:
826 				if (!--argc)
827 					usage(NULL);
828 				(void) getaddr(RTA_IFP, *++argv, 0);
829 				break;
830 			case K_GENMASK:
831 				if (!--argc)
832 					usage(NULL);
833 				(void) getaddr(RTA_GENMASK, *++argv, 0);
834 				break;
835 			case K_GATEWAY:
836 				if (!--argc)
837 					usage(NULL);
838 				(void) getaddr(RTA_GATEWAY, *++argv, 0);
839 				break;
840 			case K_DST:
841 				if (!--argc)
842 					usage(NULL);
843 				if (getaddr(RTA_DST, *++argv, &hp))
844 					nrflags |= F_ISHOST;
845 				dest = *argv;
846 				break;
847 			case K_NETMASK:
848 				if (!--argc)
849 					usage(NULL);
850 				(void) getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, *++argv, 0);
851 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
852 			case K_NET:
853 				nrflags |= F_FORCENET;
854 				break;
855 			case K_PREFIXLEN:
856 				if (!--argc)
857 					usage(NULL);
858 				if (prefixlen(*++argv) == -1) {
859 					nrflags &= ~F_FORCENET;
860 					nrflags |= F_ISHOST;
861 				} else {
862 					nrflags |= F_FORCENET;
863 					nrflags &= ~F_ISHOST;
864 				}
865 				break;
866 			case K_MTU:
867 			case K_HOPCOUNT:
868 			case K_EXPIRE:
869 			case K_RECVPIPE:
870 			case K_SENDPIPE:
871 			case K_SSTHRESH:
872 			case K_RTT:
873 			case K_RTTVAR:
874 			case K_WEIGHT:
875 				if (!--argc)
876 					usage(NULL);
877 				set_metric(*++argv, key);
878 				break;
879 			default:
880 				usage(1+*argv);
881 			}
882 		} else {
883 			if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_DST) == 0) {
884 				dest = *argv;
885 				if (getaddr(RTA_DST, *argv, &hp))
886 					nrflags |= F_ISHOST;
887 			} else if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_GATEWAY) == 0) {
888 				gateway = *argv;
889 				(void) getaddr(RTA_GATEWAY, *argv, &hp);
890 			} else {
891 				(void) getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, *argv, 0);
892 				nrflags |= F_FORCENET;
893 			}
894 		}
895 	}
896 
897 	if (nrflags & F_FORCEHOST) {
898 		nrflags |= F_ISHOST;
899 #ifdef INET6
900 		if (af == AF_INET6) {
901 			rtm_addrs &= ~RTA_NETMASK;
902 			memset((void *)&so_mask, 0, sizeof(so_mask));
903 		}
904 #endif
905 	}
906 	if (nrflags & F_FORCENET)
907 		nrflags &= ~F_ISHOST;
908 	flags |= RTF_UP;
909 	if (nrflags & F_ISHOST)
910 		flags |= RTF_HOST;
911 	if ((nrflags & F_INTERFACE) == 0)
912 		flags |= RTF_GATEWAY;
913 	if (nrflags & F_PROXY) {
914 		so_dst.sinarp.sin_other = SIN_PROXY;
915 		flags |= RTF_ANNOUNCE;
916 	}
917 	if (dest == NULL)
918 		dest = "";
919 	if (gateway == NULL)
920 		gateway = "";
921 
922 	if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&fibl_head)) {
923 		error = fiboptlist_csv("default", &fibl_head);
924 		if (error)
925 			errx(EX_OSERR, "fiboptlist_csv failed.");
926 	}
927 	error = 0;
928 	TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next) {
929 		fl->fl_error = newroute_fib(fl->fl_num, cmd, flags);
930 		if (fl->fl_error)
931 			fl->fl_errno = errno;
932 		error += fl->fl_error;
933 	}
934 	if (*cmd == 'g' || *cmd == 's')
935 		exit(error);
936 
937 	error = 0;
938 	if (!qflag) {
939 		fibnum = 0;
940 		TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next) {
941 			if (fl->fl_error == 0)
942 				fibnum++;
943 		}
944 		if (fibnum > 0) {
945 			int firstfib = 1;
946 
947 			printf("%s %s %s", cmd,
948 			    (nrflags & F_ISHOST) ? "host" : "net", dest);
949 			if (*gateway)
950 				printf(": gateway %s", gateway);
951 
952 			if (numfibs > 1) {
953 				TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next) {
954 					if (fl->fl_error == 0
955 					    && fl->fl_num >= 0) {
956 						if (firstfib) {
957 							printf(" fib ");
958 							firstfib = 0;
959 						}
960 						printf("%d", fl->fl_num);
961 						if (fibnum-- > 1)
962 							printf(",");
963 					}
964 				}
965 			}
966 			printf("\n");
967 		}
968 
969 		fibnum = 0;
970 		TAILQ_FOREACH(fl, &fibl_head, fl_next) {
971 			if (fl->fl_error != 0) {
972 				printf("%s %s %s", cmd, (nrflags & F_ISHOST)
973 				    ? "host" : "net", dest);
974 				if (*gateway)
975 					printf(": gateway %s", gateway);
976 
977 				if (fl->fl_num >= 0)
978 					printf(" fib %d", fl->fl_num);
979 
980 				switch (fl->fl_errno) {
981 				case ESRCH:
982 					errmsg = "not in table";
983 					break;
984 				case EBUSY:
985 					errmsg = "entry in use";
986 					break;
987 				case ENOBUFS:
988 					errmsg = "not enough memory";
989 					break;
990 				case EADDRINUSE:
991 					/*
992 					 * handle recursion avoidance
993 					 * in rt_setgate()
994 					 */
995 					errmsg = "gateway uses the same route";
996 					break;
997 				case EEXIST:
998 					errmsg = "route already in table";
999 					break;
1000 				default:
1001 					errmsg = strerror(fl->fl_errno);
1002 					break;
1003 				}
1004 				printf(": %s\n", errmsg);
1005 				error = 1;
1006 			}
1007 		}
1008 	}
1009 	exit(error);
1010 }
1011 
1012 static int
1013 newroute_fib(int fib, char *cmd, int flags)
1014 {
1015 	int error;
1016 
1017 	error = set_sofib(fib);
1018 	if (error) {
1019 		warn("fib number %d is ignored", fib);
1020 		return (error);
1021 	}
1022 
1023 	error = rtmsg(*cmd, flags, fib);
1024 	return (error);
1025 }
1026 
1027 static void
1028 inet_makenetandmask(u_long net, struct sockaddr_in *sin, u_long bits)
1029 {
1030 	u_long mask = 0;
1031 	char *cp;
1032 
1033 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1034 
1035 	/*
1036 	 * If no /xx was specified we must calculate the
1037 	 * CIDR address.
1038 	 */
1039 	if ((bits == 0) && (net != 0)) {
1040 		u_long i, j;
1041 		for(i=0,j=0xff; i<4; i++)  {
1042 			if (net & j) {
1043 				break;
1044 			}
1045 			j <<= 8;
1046 		}
1047 		/* i holds the first non zero bit */
1048 		bits = 32 - (i*8);
1049 	}
1050 	if (bits != 0)
1051 		mask = 0xffffffff << (32 - bits);
1052 
1053 	sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(net);
1054 	sin = &so_mask.sin;
1055 	sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(mask);
1056 	sin->sin_len = 0;
1057 	sin->sin_family = 0;
1058 	cp = (char *)(&sin->sin_addr + 1);
1059 	while (*--cp == 0 && cp > (char *)sin)
1060 		;
1061 	sin->sin_len = 1 + cp - (char *)sin;
1062 }
1063 
1064 #ifdef INET6
1065 /*
1066  * XXX the function may need more improvement...
1067  */
1068 static int
1069 inet6_makenetandmask(struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6, const char *plen)
1070 {
1071 	struct in6_addr in6;
1072 
1073 	if (plen == NULL) {
1074 		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&sin6->sin6_addr) &&
1075 		    sin6->sin6_scope_id == 0) {
1076 			plen = "0";
1077 		} else if ((sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[0] & 0xe0) == 0x20) {
1078 			/* aggregatable global unicast - RFC2374 */
1079 			memset(&in6, 0, sizeof(in6));
1080 			if (!memcmp(&sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[8],
1081 				    &in6.s6_addr[8], 8))
1082 				plen = "64";
1083 		}
1084 	}
1085 
1086 	if (plen == NULL || strcmp(plen, "128") == 0)
1087 		return (1);
1088 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1089 	prefixlen(plen);
1090 	return (0);
1091 }
1092 #endif
1093 
1094 /*
1095  * Interpret an argument as a network address of some kind,
1096  * returning 1 if a host address, 0 if a network address.
1097  */
1098 static int
1099 getaddr(int which, char *str, struct hostent **hpp)
1100 {
1101 	sup su;
1102 	struct hostent *hp;
1103 	struct netent *np;
1104 	u_long val;
1105 	char *q;
1106 	int afamily;  /* local copy of af so we can change it */
1107 
1108 	if (af == 0) {
1109 		af = AF_INET;
1110 		aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1111 	}
1112 	afamily = af;
1113 	rtm_addrs |= which;
1114 	switch (which) {
1115 	case RTA_DST:
1116 		su = &so_dst;
1117 		break;
1118 	case RTA_GATEWAY:
1119 		su = &so_gate;
1120 		if (iflag) {
1121 			struct ifaddrs *ifap, *ifa;
1122 			struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = NULL;
1123 
1124 			if (getifaddrs(&ifap))
1125 				err(1, "getifaddrs");
1126 
1127 			for (ifa = ifap; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
1128 				if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_LINK)
1129 					continue;
1130 
1131 				if (strcmp(str, ifa->ifa_name) != 0)
1132 					continue;
1133 
1134 				sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)ifa->ifa_addr;
1135 			}
1136 			/* If we found it, then use it */
1137 			if (sdl != NULL) {
1138 				/*
1139 				 * Copy is safe since we have a
1140 				 * sockaddr_storage member in sockunion{}.
1141 				 * Note that we need to copy before calling
1142 				 * freeifaddrs().
1143 				 */
1144 				memcpy(&su->sdl, sdl, sdl->sdl_len);
1145 			}
1146 			freeifaddrs(ifap);
1147 			if (sdl != NULL)
1148 				return(1);
1149 		}
1150 		break;
1151 	case RTA_NETMASK:
1152 		su = &so_mask;
1153 		break;
1154 	case RTA_GENMASK:
1155 		su = &so_genmask;
1156 		break;
1157 	case RTA_IFP:
1158 		su = &so_ifp;
1159 		afamily = AF_LINK;
1160 		break;
1161 	case RTA_IFA:
1162 		su = &so_ifa;
1163 		break;
1164 	default:
1165 		usage("internal error");
1166 		/*NOTREACHED*/
1167 	}
1168 	su->sa.sa_len = aflen;
1169 	su->sa.sa_family = afamily; /* cases that don't want it have left already */
1170 	if (strcmp(str, "default") == 0) {
1171 		/*
1172 		 * Default is net 0.0.0.0/0
1173 		 */
1174 		switch (which) {
1175 		case RTA_DST:
1176 			forcenet++;
1177 #if 0
1178 			bzero(su, sizeof(*su));	/* for readability */
1179 #endif
1180 			getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, str, 0);
1181 			break;
1182 #if 0
1183 		case RTA_NETMASK:
1184 		case RTA_GENMASK:
1185 			bzero(su, sizeof(*su));	/* for readability */
1186 #endif
1187 		}
1188 		return (0);
1189 	}
1190 	switch (afamily) {
1191 #ifdef INET6
1192 	case AF_INET6:
1193 	{
1194 		struct addrinfo hints, *res;
1195 		int ecode;
1196 
1197 		q = NULL;
1198 		if (which == RTA_DST && (q = strchr(str, '/')) != NULL)
1199 			*q = '\0';
1200 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
1201 		hints.ai_family = afamily;	/*AF_INET6*/
1202 		hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;		/*dummy*/
1203 		ecode = getaddrinfo(str, NULL, &hints, &res);
1204 		if (ecode != 0 || res->ai_family != AF_INET6 ||
1205 		    res->ai_addrlen != sizeof(su->sin6)) {
1206 			(void) fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", str,
1207 			    gai_strerror(ecode));
1208 			exit(1);
1209 		}
1210 		memcpy(&su->sin6, res->ai_addr, sizeof(su->sin6));
1211 		freeaddrinfo(res);
1212 		if (q != NULL)
1213 			*q++ = '/';
1214 		if (which == RTA_DST)
1215 			return (inet6_makenetandmask(&su->sin6, q));
1216 		return (0);
1217 	}
1218 #endif /* INET6 */
1219 
1220 	case AF_APPLETALK:
1221 		if (!atalk_aton(str, &su->sat.sat_addr))
1222 			errx(EX_NOHOST, "bad address: %s", str);
1223 		rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1224 		return(forcehost || su->sat.sat_addr.s_node != 0);
1225 
1226 	case AF_LINK:
1227 		link_addr(str, &su->sdl);
1228 		return (1);
1229 
1230 
1231 	case PF_ROUTE:
1232 		su->sa.sa_len = sizeof(*su);
1233 		sockaddr(str, &su->sa);
1234 		return (1);
1235 
1236 	case AF_INET:
1237 	default:
1238 		break;
1239 	}
1240 
1241 	if (hpp == NULL)
1242 		hpp = &hp;
1243 	*hpp = NULL;
1244 
1245 	q = strchr(str,'/');
1246 	if (q != NULL && which == RTA_DST) {
1247 		*q = '\0';
1248 		if ((val = inet_network(str)) != INADDR_NONE) {
1249 			inet_makenetandmask(
1250 				val, &su->sin, strtoul(q+1, 0, 0));
1251 			return (0);
1252 		}
1253 		*q = '/';
1254 	}
1255 	if ((which != RTA_DST || forcenet == 0) &&
1256 	    inet_aton(str, &su->sin.sin_addr)) {
1257 		val = su->sin.sin_addr.s_addr;
1258 		if (which != RTA_DST || forcehost ||
1259 		    inet_lnaof(su->sin.sin_addr) != INADDR_ANY)
1260 			return (1);
1261 		else {
1262 			val = ntohl(val);
1263 			goto netdone;
1264 		}
1265 	}
1266 	if (which == RTA_DST && forcehost == 0 &&
1267 	    ((val = inet_network(str)) != INADDR_NONE ||
1268 	    ((np = getnetbyname(str)) != NULL && (val = np->n_net) != 0))) {
1269 netdone:
1270 		inet_makenetandmask(val, &su->sin, 0);
1271 		return (0);
1272 	}
1273 	hp = gethostbyname(str);
1274 	if (hp != NULL) {
1275 		*hpp = hp;
1276 		su->sin.sin_family = hp->h_addrtype;
1277 		memmove((char *)&su->sin.sin_addr, hp->h_addr,
1278 		    MIN((size_t)hp->h_length, sizeof(su->sin.sin_addr)));
1279 		return (1);
1280 	}
1281 	errx(EX_NOHOST, "bad address: %s", str);
1282 }
1283 
1284 static int
1285 prefixlen(const char *str)
1286 {
1287 	int len = atoi(str), q, r;
1288 	int max;
1289 	char *p;
1290 
1291 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1292 	switch (af) {
1293 #ifdef INET6
1294 	case AF_INET6:
1295 		max = 128;
1296 		p = (char *)&so_mask.sin6.sin6_addr;
1297 		break;
1298 #endif
1299 	case AF_INET:
1300 		max = 32;
1301 		p = (char *)&so_mask.sin.sin_addr;
1302 		break;
1303 	default:
1304 		fprintf(stderr, "prefixlen not supported in this af\n");
1305 		exit(1);
1306 	}
1307 
1308 	if (len < 0 || max < len) {
1309 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: bad value\n", str);
1310 		exit(1);
1311 	}
1312 
1313 	q = len >> 3;
1314 	r = len & 7;
1315 	so_mask.sa.sa_family = af;
1316 	so_mask.sa.sa_len = aflen;
1317 	memset((void *)p, 0, max / 8);
1318 	if (q > 0)
1319 		memset((void *)p, 0xff, q);
1320 	if (r > 0)
1321 		*((u_char *)p + q) = (0xff00 >> r) & 0xff;
1322 	if (len == max)
1323 		return (-1);
1324 	else
1325 		return (len);
1326 }
1327 
1328 static void
1329 interfaces(void)
1330 {
1331 	size_t needed;
1332 	int mib[6];
1333 	char *buf, *lim, *next, count = 0;
1334 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
1335 
1336 retry2:
1337 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
1338 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
1339 	mib[2] = 0;		/* protocol */
1340 	mib[3] = 0;		/* wildcard address family */
1341 	mib[4] = NET_RT_IFLIST;
1342 	mib[5] = 0;		/* no flags */
1343 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
1344 		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-estimate");
1345 	if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL)
1346 		errx(EX_OSERR, "malloc failed");
1347 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
1348 		if (errno == ENOMEM && count++ < 10) {
1349 			warnx("Routing table grew, retrying");
1350 			sleep(1);
1351 			free(buf);
1352 			goto retry2;
1353 		}
1354 		err(EX_OSERR, "actual retrieval of interface table");
1355 	}
1356 	lim = buf + needed;
1357 	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
1358 		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
1359 		print_rtmsg(rtm, rtm->rtm_msglen);
1360 	}
1361 }
1362 
1363 static void
1364 monitor(int argc, char *argv[])
1365 {
1366 	int n, fib, error;
1367 	char msg[2048], *endptr;
1368 
1369 	fib = defaultfib;
1370 	while (argc > 1) {
1371 		argc--;
1372 		argv++;
1373 		if (**argv != '-')
1374 			usage(*argv);
1375 		switch (keyword(*argv + 1)) {
1376 		case K_FIB:
1377 			if (!--argc)
1378 				usage(*argv);
1379 			fib = strtol(*++argv, &endptr, 0);
1380 			if (*endptr != '\0' || (fib == 0 &&
1381 			    (errno == EINVAL || errno == ERANGE)))
1382 				usage(*argv);
1383 			break;
1384 		default:
1385 			usage(*argv);
1386 		}
1387 	}
1388 	error = set_sofib(fib);
1389 	if (error)
1390 		errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid fib number: %d", fib);
1391 
1392 	verbose = 1;
1393 	if (debugonly) {
1394 		interfaces();
1395 		exit(0);
1396 	}
1397 	for (;;) {
1398 		time_t now;
1399 		n = read(s, msg, 2048);
1400 		now = time(NULL);
1401 		(void) printf("\ngot message of size %d on %s", n, ctime(&now));
1402 		print_rtmsg((struct rt_msghdr *)msg, n);
1403 	}
1404 }
1405 
1406 struct {
1407 	struct	rt_msghdr m_rtm;
1408 	char	m_space[512];
1409 } m_rtmsg;
1410 
1411 static int
1412 rtmsg(int cmd, int flags, int fib)
1413 {
1414 	static int seq;
1415 	int rlen;
1416 	char *cp = m_rtmsg.m_space;
1417 	int l;
1418 
1419 #define NEXTADDR(w, u) \
1420 	if (rtm_addrs & (w)) {\
1421 	    l = SA_SIZE(&(u.sa)); memmove(cp, &(u), l); cp += l;\
1422 	    if (verbose) sodump(&(u),#u);\
1423 	}
1424 
1425 	errno = 0;
1426 	memset(&m_rtmsg, 0, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
1427 	if (cmd == 'a')
1428 		cmd = RTM_ADD;
1429 	else if (cmd == 'c')
1430 		cmd = RTM_CHANGE;
1431 	else if (cmd == 'g' || cmd == 's') {
1432 		cmd = RTM_GET;
1433 		if (so_ifp.sa.sa_family == 0) {
1434 			so_ifp.sa.sa_family = AF_LINK;
1435 			so_ifp.sa.sa_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
1436 			rtm_addrs |= RTA_IFP;
1437 		}
1438 	} else
1439 		cmd = RTM_DELETE;
1440 #define rtm m_rtmsg.m_rtm
1441 	rtm.rtm_type = cmd;
1442 	rtm.rtm_flags = flags;
1443 	rtm.rtm_version = RTM_VERSION;
1444 	rtm.rtm_seq = ++seq;
1445 	rtm.rtm_addrs = rtm_addrs;
1446 	rtm.rtm_rmx = rt_metrics;
1447 	rtm.rtm_inits = rtm_inits;
1448 
1449 	if (rtm_addrs & RTA_NETMASK)
1450 		mask_addr();
1451 	NEXTADDR(RTA_DST, so_dst);
1452 	NEXTADDR(RTA_GATEWAY, so_gate);
1453 	NEXTADDR(RTA_NETMASK, so_mask);
1454 	NEXTADDR(RTA_GENMASK, so_genmask);
1455 	NEXTADDR(RTA_IFP, so_ifp);
1456 	NEXTADDR(RTA_IFA, so_ifa);
1457 	rtm.rtm_msglen = l = cp - (char *)&m_rtmsg;
1458 	if (verbose)
1459 		print_rtmsg(&rtm, l);
1460 	if (debugonly)
1461 		return (0);
1462 	if ((rlen = write(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, l)) < 0) {
1463 		if (errno == EPERM)
1464 			err(1, "writing to routing socket");
1465 		warn("writing to routing socket");
1466 		return (-1);
1467 	}
1468 	if (cmd == RTM_GET) {
1469 		do {
1470 			l = read(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
1471 		} while (l > 0 && (rtm.rtm_seq != seq || rtm.rtm_pid != pid));
1472 		if (l < 0)
1473 			warn("read from routing socket");
1474 		else
1475 			print_getmsg(&rtm, l, fib);
1476 	}
1477 #undef rtm
1478 	return (0);
1479 }
1480 
1481 static void
1482 mask_addr(void)
1483 {
1484 	int olen = so_mask.sa.sa_len;
1485 	char *cp1 = olen + (char *)&so_mask, *cp2;
1486 
1487 	for (so_mask.sa.sa_len = 0; cp1 > (char *)&so_mask; )
1488 		if (*--cp1 != 0) {
1489 			so_mask.sa.sa_len = 1 + cp1 - (char *)&so_mask;
1490 			break;
1491 		}
1492 	if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_DST) == 0)
1493 		return;
1494 	switch (so_dst.sa.sa_family) {
1495 	case AF_INET:
1496 #ifdef INET6
1497 	case AF_INET6:
1498 #endif
1499 	case AF_APPLETALK:
1500 	case 0:
1501 		return;
1502 	}
1503 	cp1 = so_mask.sa.sa_len + 1 + (char *)&so_dst;
1504 	cp2 = so_dst.sa.sa_len + 1 + (char *)&so_dst;
1505 	while (cp2 > cp1)
1506 		*--cp2 = 0;
1507 	cp2 = so_mask.sa.sa_len + 1 + (char *)&so_mask;
1508 	while (cp1 > so_dst.sa.sa_data)
1509 		*--cp1 &= *--cp2;
1510 }
1511 
1512 const char *msgtypes[] = {
1513 	"",
1514 	"RTM_ADD: Add Route",
1515 	"RTM_DELETE: Delete Route",
1516 	"RTM_CHANGE: Change Metrics or flags",
1517 	"RTM_GET: Report Metrics",
1518 	"RTM_LOSING: Kernel Suspects Partitioning",
1519 	"RTM_REDIRECT: Told to use different route",
1520 	"RTM_MISS: Lookup failed on this address",
1521 	"RTM_LOCK: fix specified metrics",
1522 	"RTM_OLDADD: caused by SIOCADDRT",
1523 	"RTM_OLDDEL: caused by SIOCDELRT",
1524 	"RTM_RESOLVE: Route created by cloning",
1525 	"RTM_NEWADDR: address being added to iface",
1526 	"RTM_DELADDR: address being removed from iface",
1527 	"RTM_IFINFO: iface status change",
1528 	"RTM_NEWMADDR: new multicast group membership on iface",
1529 	"RTM_DELMADDR: multicast group membership removed from iface",
1530 	"RTM_IFANNOUNCE: interface arrival/departure",
1531 	"RTM_IEEE80211: IEEE 802.11 wireless event",
1532 };
1533 
1534 char metricnames[] =
1535 "\011weight\010rttvar\7rtt\6ssthresh\5sendpipe\4recvpipe\3expire"
1536 "\1mtu";
1537 char routeflags[] =
1538 "\1UP\2GATEWAY\3HOST\4REJECT\5DYNAMIC\6MODIFIED\7DONE"
1539 "\012XRESOLVE\013LLINFO\014STATIC\015BLACKHOLE"
1540 "\017PROTO2\020PROTO1\021PRCLONING\022WASCLONED\023PROTO3"
1541 "\025PINNED\026LOCAL\027BROADCAST\030MULTICAST\035STICKY";
1542 char ifnetflags[] =
1543 "\1UP\2BROADCAST\3DEBUG\4LOOPBACK\5PTP\6b6\7RUNNING\010NOARP"
1544 "\011PPROMISC\012ALLMULTI\013OACTIVE\014SIMPLEX\015LINK0\016LINK1"
1545 "\017LINK2\020MULTICAST";
1546 char addrnames[] =
1547 "\1DST\2GATEWAY\3NETMASK\4GENMASK\5IFP\6IFA\7AUTHOR\010BRD";
1548 
1549 static const char errfmt[] =
1550 "\n%s: truncated route message, only %zu bytes left\n";
1551 
1552 static void
1553 print_rtmsg(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, size_t msglen)
1554 {
1555 	struct if_msghdr *ifm;
1556 	struct ifa_msghdr *ifam;
1557 #ifdef RTM_NEWMADDR
1558 	struct ifma_msghdr *ifmam;
1559 #endif
1560 	struct if_announcemsghdr *ifan;
1561 	const char *state;
1562 
1563 	if (verbose == 0)
1564 		return;
1565 	if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) {
1566 		(void) printf("routing message version %d not understood\n",
1567 		    rtm->rtm_version);
1568 		return;
1569 	}
1570 	if (rtm->rtm_type < sizeof(msgtypes) / sizeof(msgtypes[0]))
1571 		(void)printf("%s: ", msgtypes[rtm->rtm_type]);
1572 	else
1573 		(void)printf("unknown type %d: ", rtm->rtm_type);
1574 	(void)printf("len %d, ", rtm->rtm_msglen);
1575 
1576 #define	REQUIRE(x)	do {		\
1577 	if (msglen < sizeof(x))		\
1578 		goto badlen;		\
1579 	else				\
1580 		msglen -= sizeof(x);	\
1581 	} while (0)
1582 
1583 	switch (rtm->rtm_type) {
1584 	case RTM_IFINFO:
1585 		REQUIRE(struct if_msghdr);
1586 		ifm = (struct if_msghdr *)rtm;
1587 		(void) printf("if# %d, ", ifm->ifm_index);
1588 		switch (ifm->ifm_data.ifi_link_state) {
1589 		case LINK_STATE_DOWN:
1590 			state = "down";
1591 			break;
1592 		case LINK_STATE_UP:
1593 			state = "up";
1594 			break;
1595 		default:
1596 			state = "unknown";
1597 			break;
1598 		}
1599 		(void) printf("link: %s, flags:", state);
1600 		bprintf(stdout, ifm->ifm_flags, ifnetflags);
1601 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifm + 1), ifm->ifm_addrs, msglen);
1602 		break;
1603 	case RTM_NEWADDR:
1604 	case RTM_DELADDR:
1605 		REQUIRE(struct ifa_msghdr);
1606 		ifam = (struct ifa_msghdr *)rtm;
1607 		(void) printf("metric %d, flags:", ifam->ifam_metric);
1608 		bprintf(stdout, ifam->ifam_flags, routeflags);
1609 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifam + 1), ifam->ifam_addrs, msglen);
1610 		break;
1611 #ifdef RTM_NEWMADDR
1612 	case RTM_NEWMADDR:
1613 	case RTM_DELMADDR:
1614 		REQUIRE(struct ifma_msghdr);
1615 		ifmam = (struct ifma_msghdr *)rtm;
1616 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifmam + 1), ifmam->ifmam_addrs, msglen);
1617 		break;
1618 #endif
1619 	case RTM_IFANNOUNCE:
1620 		REQUIRE(struct if_announcemsghdr);
1621 		ifan = (struct if_announcemsghdr *)rtm;
1622 		(void) printf("if# %d, what: ", ifan->ifan_index);
1623 		switch (ifan->ifan_what) {
1624 		case IFAN_ARRIVAL:
1625 			printf("arrival");
1626 			break;
1627 		case IFAN_DEPARTURE:
1628 			printf("departure");
1629 			break;
1630 		default:
1631 			printf("#%d", ifan->ifan_what);
1632 			break;
1633 		}
1634 		printf("\n");
1635 		break;
1636 
1637 	default:
1638 		(void) printf("pid: %ld, seq %d, errno %d, flags:",
1639 			(long)rtm->rtm_pid, rtm->rtm_seq, rtm->rtm_errno);
1640 		bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_flags, routeflags);
1641 		pmsg_common(rtm, msglen);
1642 	}
1643 
1644 	return;
1645 
1646 badlen:
1647 	(void)printf(errfmt, __func__, msglen);
1648 #undef	REQUIRE
1649 }
1650 
1651 static void
1652 print_getmsg(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, int msglen, int fib)
1653 {
1654 	struct sockaddr *dst = NULL, *gate = NULL, *mask = NULL;
1655 	struct sockaddr_dl *ifp = NULL;
1656 	struct sockaddr *sa;
1657 	char *cp;
1658 	int i;
1659 
1660 	(void) printf("   route to: %s\n",
1661 	    routename((struct sockaddr *)&so_dst));
1662 	if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) {
1663 		warnx("routing message version %d not understood",
1664 		     rtm->rtm_version);
1665 		return;
1666 	}
1667 	if (rtm->rtm_msglen > msglen) {
1668 		warnx("message length mismatch, in packet %d, returned %d",
1669 		      rtm->rtm_msglen, msglen);
1670 	}
1671 	if (rtm->rtm_errno)  {
1672 		errno = rtm->rtm_errno;
1673 		warn("message indicates error %d", errno);
1674 		return;
1675 	}
1676 	cp = ((char *)(rtm + 1));
1677 	if (rtm->rtm_addrs)
1678 		for (i = 1; i; i <<= 1)
1679 			if (i & rtm->rtm_addrs) {
1680 				sa = (struct sockaddr *)cp;
1681 				switch (i) {
1682 				case RTA_DST:
1683 					dst = sa;
1684 					break;
1685 				case RTA_GATEWAY:
1686 					gate = sa;
1687 					break;
1688 				case RTA_NETMASK:
1689 					mask = sa;
1690 					break;
1691 				case RTA_IFP:
1692 					if (sa->sa_family == AF_LINK &&
1693 					   ((struct sockaddr_dl *)sa)->sdl_nlen)
1694 						ifp = (struct sockaddr_dl *)sa;
1695 					break;
1696 				}
1697 				cp += SA_SIZE(sa);
1698 			}
1699 	if (dst && mask)
1700 		mask->sa_family = dst->sa_family;	/* XXX */
1701 	if (dst)
1702 		(void)printf("destination: %s\n", routename(dst));
1703 	if (mask) {
1704 		int savenflag = nflag;
1705 
1706 		nflag = 1;
1707 		(void)printf("       mask: %s\n", routename(mask));
1708 		nflag = savenflag;
1709 	}
1710 	if (gate && rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY)
1711 		(void)printf("    gateway: %s\n", routename(gate));
1712 	if (fib >= 0)
1713 		(void)printf("        fib: %u\n", (unsigned int)fib);
1714 	if (ifp)
1715 		(void)printf("  interface: %.*s\n",
1716 		    ifp->sdl_nlen, ifp->sdl_data);
1717 	(void)printf("      flags: ");
1718 	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_flags, routeflags);
1719 
1720 #define lock(f)	((rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_locks & __CONCAT(RTV_,f)) ? 'L' : ' ')
1721 #define msec(u)	(((u) + 500) / 1000)		/* usec to msec */
1722 
1723 	(void) printf("\n%s\n", "\
1724  recvpipe  sendpipe  ssthresh  rtt,msec    mtu        weight    expire");
1725 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_recvpipe, lock(RPIPE));
1726 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_sendpipe, lock(SPIPE));
1727 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_ssthresh, lock(SSTHRESH));
1728 	printf("%8ld%c ", msec(rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_rtt), lock(RTT));
1729 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_mtu, lock(MTU));
1730 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_weight, lock(WEIGHT));
1731 	if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire)
1732 		rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire -= time(0);
1733 	printf("%8ld%c\n", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire, lock(EXPIRE));
1734 #undef lock
1735 #undef msec
1736 #define	RTA_IGN	(RTA_DST|RTA_GATEWAY|RTA_NETMASK|RTA_IFP|RTA_IFA|RTA_BRD)
1737 	if (verbose)
1738 		pmsg_common(rtm, msglen);
1739 	else if (rtm->rtm_addrs &~ RTA_IGN) {
1740 		(void) printf("sockaddrs: ");
1741 		bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_addrs, addrnames);
1742 		putchar('\n');
1743 	}
1744 #undef	RTA_IGN
1745 }
1746 
1747 static void
1748 pmsg_common(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, size_t msglen)
1749 {
1750 	(void) printf("\nlocks: ");
1751 	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_locks, metricnames);
1752 	(void) printf(" inits: ");
1753 	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_inits, metricnames);
1754 	if (msglen > sizeof(struct rt_msghdr))
1755 		pmsg_addrs(((char *)(rtm + 1)), rtm->rtm_addrs,
1756 		    msglen - sizeof(struct rt_msghdr));
1757 	else
1758 		(void) fflush(stdout);
1759 }
1760 
1761 static void
1762 pmsg_addrs(char *cp, int addrs, size_t len)
1763 {
1764 	struct sockaddr *sa;
1765 	int i;
1766 
1767 	if (addrs == 0) {
1768 		(void) putchar('\n');
1769 		return;
1770 	}
1771 	(void) printf("\nsockaddrs: ");
1772 	bprintf(stdout, addrs, addrnames);
1773 	(void) putchar('\n');
1774 	for (i = 1; i != 0; i <<= 1)
1775 		if (i & addrs) {
1776 			sa = (struct sockaddr *)cp;
1777 			if (len == 0 || len < SA_SIZE(sa)) {
1778 				(void) printf(errfmt, __func__, len);
1779 				break;
1780 			}
1781 			(void) printf(" %s", routename(sa));
1782 			len -= SA_SIZE(sa);
1783 			cp += SA_SIZE(sa);
1784 		}
1785 	(void) putchar('\n');
1786 	(void) fflush(stdout);
1787 }
1788 
1789 static void
1790 bprintf(FILE *fp, int b, u_char *str)
1791 {
1792 	int i;
1793 	int gotsome = 0;
1794 
1795 	if (b == 0)
1796 		return;
1797 	while ((i = *str++) != 0) {
1798 		if (b & (1 << (i-1))) {
1799 			if (gotsome == 0)
1800 				i = '<';
1801 			else
1802 				i = ',';
1803 			(void) putc(i, fp);
1804 			gotsome = 1;
1805 			for (; (i = *str) > 32; str++)
1806 				(void) putc(i, fp);
1807 		} else
1808 			while (*str > 32)
1809 				str++;
1810 	}
1811 	if (gotsome)
1812 		(void) putc('>', fp);
1813 }
1814 
1815 int
1816 keyword(const char *cp)
1817 {
1818 	struct keytab *kt = keywords;
1819 
1820 	while (kt->kt_cp != NULL && strcmp(kt->kt_cp, cp) != 0)
1821 		kt++;
1822 	return (kt->kt_i);
1823 }
1824 
1825 static void
1826 sodump(sup su, const char *which)
1827 {
1828 	switch (su->sa.sa_family) {
1829 	case AF_LINK:
1830 		(void) printf("%s: link %s; ",
1831 		    which, link_ntoa(&su->sdl));
1832 		break;
1833 	case AF_INET:
1834 		(void) printf("%s: inet %s; ",
1835 		    which, inet_ntoa(su->sin.sin_addr));
1836 		break;
1837 	case AF_APPLETALK:
1838 		(void) printf("%s: atalk %s; ",
1839 		    which, atalk_ntoa(su->sat.sat_addr));
1840 		break;
1841 	}
1842 	(void) fflush(stdout);
1843 }
1844 
1845 /* States*/
1846 #define VIRGIN	0
1847 #define GOTONE	1
1848 #define GOTTWO	2
1849 /* Inputs */
1850 #define	DIGIT	(4*0)
1851 #define	END	(4*1)
1852 #define DELIM	(4*2)
1853 
1854 static void
1855 sockaddr(char *addr, struct sockaddr *sa)
1856 {
1857 	char *cp = (char *)sa;
1858 	int size = sa->sa_len;
1859 	char *cplim = cp + size;
1860 	int byte = 0, state = VIRGIN, new = 0 /* foil gcc */;
1861 
1862 	memset(cp, 0, size);
1863 	cp++;
1864 	do {
1865 		if ((*addr >= '0') && (*addr <= '9')) {
1866 			new = *addr - '0';
1867 		} else if ((*addr >= 'a') && (*addr <= 'f')) {
1868 			new = *addr - 'a' + 10;
1869 		} else if ((*addr >= 'A') && (*addr <= 'F')) {
1870 			new = *addr - 'A' + 10;
1871 		} else if (*addr == '\0')
1872 			state |= END;
1873 		else
1874 			state |= DELIM;
1875 		addr++;
1876 		switch (state /* | INPUT */) {
1877 		case GOTTWO | DIGIT:
1878 			*cp++ = byte; /*FALLTHROUGH*/
1879 		case VIRGIN | DIGIT:
1880 			state = GOTONE; byte = new; continue;
1881 		case GOTONE | DIGIT:
1882 			state = GOTTWO; byte = new + (byte << 4); continue;
1883 		default: /* | DELIM */
1884 			state = VIRGIN; *cp++ = byte; byte = 0; continue;
1885 		case GOTONE | END:
1886 		case GOTTWO | END:
1887 			*cp++ = byte; /* FALLTHROUGH */
1888 		case VIRGIN | END:
1889 			break;
1890 		}
1891 		break;
1892 	} while (cp < cplim);
1893 	sa->sa_len = cp - (char *)sa;
1894 }
1895 
1896 static int
1897 atalk_aton(const char *text, struct at_addr *addr)
1898 {
1899 	u_int net, node;
1900 
1901 	if (sscanf(text, "%u.%u", &net, &node) != 2
1902 	    || net > 0xffff || node > 0xff)
1903 		return(0);
1904 	addr->s_net = htons(net);
1905 	addr->s_node = node;
1906 	return(1);
1907 }
1908 
1909 static char *
1910 atalk_ntoa(struct at_addr at)
1911 {
1912 	static char buf[20];
1913 
1914 	(void) snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u.%u", ntohs(at.s_net), at.s_node);
1915 	return(buf);
1916 }
1917