xref: /freebsd/sbin/route/route.c (revision 9a14aa017b21c292740c00ee098195cd46642730)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #ifndef lint
31 static const char copyright[] =
32 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1991, 1993\n\
33 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
34 #endif /* not lint */
35 
36 #ifndef lint
37 #if 0
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)route.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 4/28/95";
39 #endif
40 #endif /* not lint */
41 
42 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
43 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
44 
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/file.h>
47 #include <sys/socket.h>
48 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
49 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
50 #include <sys/types.h>
51 
52 #include <net/if.h>
53 #include <net/route.h>
54 #include <net/if_dl.h>
55 #include <netinet/in.h>
56 #include <netinet/if_ether.h>
57 #include <netatalk/at.h>
58 #include <arpa/inet.h>
59 #include <netdb.h>
60 
61 #include <ctype.h>
62 #include <err.h>
63 #include <errno.h>
64 #include <paths.h>
65 #include <stdio.h>
66 #include <stdlib.h>
67 #include <string.h>
68 #include <sysexits.h>
69 #include <unistd.h>
70 #include <ifaddrs.h>
71 
72 struct keytab {
73 	const char	*kt_cp;
74 	int	kt_i;
75 } keywords[] = {
76 #include "keywords.h"
77 	{0, 0}
78 };
79 
80 struct	ortentry route;
81 union	sockunion {
82 	struct	sockaddr sa;
83 	struct	sockaddr_in sin;
84 #ifdef INET6
85 	struct	sockaddr_in6 sin6;
86 #endif
87 	struct	sockaddr_at sat;
88 	struct	sockaddr_dl sdl;
89 	struct	sockaddr_inarp sinarp;
90 	struct	sockaddr_storage ss; /* added to avoid memory overrun */
91 } so_dst, so_gate, so_mask, so_genmask, so_ifa, so_ifp;
92 
93 typedef union sockunion *sup;
94 int	pid, rtm_addrs;
95 int	s;
96 int	forcehost, forcenet, doflush, nflag, af, qflag, tflag;
97 int	iflag, verbose, aflen = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in);
98 int	locking, lockrest, debugonly;
99 struct	rt_metrics rt_metrics;
100 u_long  rtm_inits;
101 uid_t	uid;
102 
103 static int	atalk_aton(const char *, struct at_addr *);
104 static char	*atalk_ntoa(struct at_addr);
105 static void	bprintf(FILE *, int, u_char *);
106 static void	flushroutes(int argc, char *argv[]);
107 static int	getaddr(int, char *, struct hostent **);
108 static int	keyword(const char *);
109 static void	inet_makenetandmask(u_long, struct sockaddr_in *, u_long);
110 #ifdef INET6
111 static int inet6_makenetandmask(struct sockaddr_in6 *, const char *);
112 #endif
113 static void	interfaces(void);
114 static void	mask_addr(void);
115 static void	monitor(void);
116 static const char	*netname(struct sockaddr *);
117 static void	newroute(int, char **);
118 static void	pmsg_addrs(char *, int, size_t);
119 static void	pmsg_common(struct rt_msghdr *, size_t);
120 static int	prefixlen(const char *);
121 static void	print_getmsg(struct rt_msghdr *, int);
122 static void	print_rtmsg(struct rt_msghdr *, size_t);
123 static const char	*routename(struct sockaddr *);
124 static int	rtmsg(int, int);
125 static void	set_metric(char *, int);
126 static void	sockaddr(char *, struct sockaddr *);
127 static void	sodump(sup, const char *);
128 extern	char *iso_ntoa(void);
129 
130 static void usage(const char *) __dead2;
131 
132 void
133 usage(const char *cp)
134 {
135 	if (cp != NULL)
136 		warnx("bad keyword: %s", cp);
137 	(void) fprintf(stderr,
138 	    "usage: route [-dnqtv] command [[modifiers] args]\n");
139 	exit(EX_USAGE);
140 	/* NOTREACHED */
141 }
142 
143 int
144 main(int argc, char **argv)
145 {
146 	int ch;
147 
148 	if (argc < 2)
149 		usage(NULL);
150 
151 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "nqdtv")) != -1)
152 		switch(ch) {
153 		case 'n':
154 			nflag = 1;
155 			break;
156 		case 'q':
157 			qflag = 1;
158 			break;
159 		case 'v':
160 			verbose = 1;
161 			break;
162 		case 't':
163 			tflag = 1;
164 			break;
165 		case 'd':
166 			debugonly = 1;
167 			break;
168 		case '?':
169 		default:
170 			usage(NULL);
171 		}
172 	argc -= optind;
173 	argv += optind;
174 
175 	pid = getpid();
176 	uid = geteuid();
177 	if (tflag)
178 		s = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_WRONLY, 0);
179 	else
180 		s = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, 0);
181 	if (s < 0)
182 		err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
183 	if (*argv != NULL)
184 		switch (keyword(*argv)) {
185 		case K_GET:
186 		case K_SHOW:
187 			uid = 0;
188 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
189 
190 		case K_CHANGE:
191 		case K_ADD:
192 		case K_DEL:
193 		case K_DELETE:
194 			newroute(argc, argv);
195 			/* NOTREACHED */
196 
197 		case K_MONITOR:
198 			monitor();
199 			/* NOTREACHED */
200 
201 		case K_FLUSH:
202 			flushroutes(argc, argv);
203 			exit(0);
204 			/* NOTREACHED */
205 		}
206 	usage(*argv);
207 	/* NOTREACHED */
208 }
209 
210 /*
211  * Purge all entries in the routing tables not
212  * associated with network interfaces.
213  */
214 static void
215 flushroutes(int argc, char *argv[])
216 {
217 	size_t needed;
218 	int mib[6], rlen, seqno, count = 0;
219 	char *buf, *next, *lim;
220 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
221 
222 	if (uid != 0 && !debugonly) {
223 		errx(EX_NOPERM, "must be root to alter routing table");
224 	}
225 	shutdown(s, SHUT_RD); /* Don't want to read back our messages */
226 	if (argc > 1) {
227 		argv++;
228 		if (argc == 2 && **argv == '-')
229 		    switch (keyword(*argv + 1)) {
230 			case K_INET:
231 				af = AF_INET;
232 				break;
233 #ifdef INET6
234 			case K_INET6:
235 				af = AF_INET6;
236 				break;
237 #endif
238 			case K_ATALK:
239 				af = AF_APPLETALK;
240 				break;
241 			case K_LINK:
242 				af = AF_LINK;
243 				break;
244 			default:
245 				goto bad;
246 		} else
247 bad:			usage(*argv);
248 	}
249 retry:
250 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
251 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
252 	mib[2] = 0;		/* protocol */
253 	mib[3] = 0;		/* wildcard address family */
254 	mib[4] = NET_RT_DUMP;
255 	mib[5] = 0;		/* no flags */
256 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
257 		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-estimate");
258 	if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL)
259 		errx(EX_OSERR, "malloc failed");
260 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
261 		if (errno == ENOMEM && count++ < 10) {
262 			warnx("Routing table grew, retrying");
263 			sleep(1);
264 			free(buf);
265 			goto retry;
266 		}
267 		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-get");
268 	}
269 	lim = buf + needed;
270 	if (verbose)
271 		(void) printf("Examining routing table from sysctl\n");
272 	seqno = 0;		/* ??? */
273 	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
274 		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
275 		if (verbose)
276 			print_rtmsg(rtm, rtm->rtm_msglen);
277 		if ((rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) == 0)
278 			continue;
279 		if (af != 0) {
280 			struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
281 
282 			if (sa->sa_family != af)
283 				continue;
284 		}
285 		if (debugonly)
286 			continue;
287 		rtm->rtm_type = RTM_DELETE;
288 		rtm->rtm_seq = seqno;
289 		rlen = write(s, next, rtm->rtm_msglen);
290 		if (rlen < 0 && errno == EPERM)
291 			err(1, "write to routing socket");
292 		if (rlen < (int)rtm->rtm_msglen) {
293 			warn("write to routing socket");
294 			(void) printf("got only %d for rlen\n", rlen);
295 			free(buf);
296 			goto retry;
297 			break;
298 		}
299 		seqno++;
300 		if (qflag)
301 			continue;
302 		if (verbose)
303 			print_rtmsg(rtm, rlen);
304 		else {
305 			struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
306 			(void) printf("%-20.20s ", rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_HOST ?
307 			    routename(sa) : netname(sa));
308 			sa = (struct sockaddr *)(SA_SIZE(sa) + (char *)sa);
309 			(void) printf("%-20.20s ", routename(sa));
310 			(void) printf("done\n");
311 		}
312 	}
313 }
314 
315 const char *
316 routename(struct sockaddr *sa)
317 {
318 	const char *cp;
319 	static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
320 	struct hostent *hp;
321 	static char domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
322 	static int first = 1, n;
323 
324 	if (first) {
325 		first = 0;
326 		if (gethostname(domain, MAXHOSTNAMELEN) == 0 &&
327 		    (cp = strchr(domain, '.'))) {
328 			domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN] = '\0';
329 			(void) strcpy(domain, cp + 1);
330 		} else
331 			domain[0] = 0;
332 	}
333 
334 	if (sa->sa_len == 0)
335 		strcpy(line, "default");
336 	else switch (sa->sa_family) {
337 
338 	case AF_INET:
339 	    {	struct in_addr in;
340 		in = ((struct sockaddr_in *)sa)->sin_addr;
341 
342 		cp = NULL;
343 		if (in.s_addr == INADDR_ANY || sa->sa_len < 4)
344 			cp = "default";
345 		if (cp == NULL && !nflag) {
346 			hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&in, sizeof (struct in_addr),
347 				AF_INET);
348 			if (hp != NULL) {
349 				char *cptr;
350 				cptr = strchr(hp->h_name, '.');
351 				if (cptr != NULL &&
352 				    strcmp(cptr + 1, domain) == 0)
353 					*cptr = '\0';
354 				cp = hp->h_name;
355 			}
356 		}
357 		if (cp != NULL) {
358 			strncpy(line, cp, sizeof(line) - 1);
359 			line[sizeof(line) - 1] = '\0';
360 		} else
361 			(void) sprintf(line, "%s", inet_ntoa(in));
362 		break;
363 	    }
364 
365 #ifdef INET6
366 	case AF_INET6:
367 	{
368 		struct sockaddr_in6 sin6; /* use static var for safety */
369 		int niflags = 0;
370 
371 		memset(&sin6, 0, sizeof(sin6));
372 		memcpy(&sin6, sa, sa->sa_len);
373 		sin6.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
374 		sin6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
375 #ifdef __KAME__
376 		if (sa->sa_len == sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6) &&
377 		    (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&sin6.sin6_addr) ||
378 		     IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(&sin6.sin6_addr) ||
379 		     IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_NODELOCAL(&sin6.sin6_addr)) &&
380 		    sin6.sin6_scope_id == 0) {
381 			sin6.sin6_scope_id =
382 			    ntohs(*(u_int16_t *)&sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[2]);
383 			sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] = 0;
384 			sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[3] = 0;
385 		}
386 #endif
387 		if (nflag)
388 			niflags |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
389 		if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&sin6, sin6.sin6_len,
390 		    line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0, niflags) != 0)
391 			strncpy(line, "invalid", sizeof(line));
392 
393 		return(line);
394 	}
395 #endif
396 
397 	case AF_APPLETALK:
398 		(void) snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "atalk %s",
399 			atalk_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_at *)sa)->sat_addr));
400 		break;
401 
402 	case AF_LINK:
403 		return (link_ntoa((struct sockaddr_dl *)sa));
404 
405 	default:
406 	    {
407 		u_short *sp = (u_short *)sa;
408 		u_short *splim = sp + ((sa->sa_len + 1) >> 1);
409 		char *cps = line + sprintf(line, "(%d)", sa->sa_family);
410 		char *cpe = line + sizeof(line);
411 
412 		while (++sp < splim && cps < cpe) /* start with sa->sa_data */
413 			if ((n = snprintf(cps, cpe - cps, " %x", *sp)) > 0)
414 				cps += n;
415 			else
416 				*cps = '\0';
417 		break;
418 	    }
419 	}
420 	return (line);
421 }
422 
423 /*
424  * Return the name of the network whose address is given.
425  * The address is assumed to be that of a net or subnet, not a host.
426  */
427 const char *
428 netname(struct sockaddr *sa)
429 {
430 	const char *cp = NULL;
431 	static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
432 	struct netent *np = NULL;
433 	u_long net, mask;
434 	u_long i;
435 	int n, subnetshift;
436 
437 	switch (sa->sa_family) {
438 
439 	case AF_INET:
440 	    {	struct in_addr in;
441 		in = ((struct sockaddr_in *)sa)->sin_addr;
442 
443 		i = in.s_addr = ntohl(in.s_addr);
444 		if (in.s_addr == 0)
445 			cp = "default";
446 		else if (!nflag) {
447 			if (IN_CLASSA(i)) {
448 				mask = IN_CLASSA_NET;
449 				subnetshift = 8;
450 			} else if (IN_CLASSB(i)) {
451 				mask = IN_CLASSB_NET;
452 				subnetshift = 8;
453 			} else {
454 				mask = IN_CLASSC_NET;
455 				subnetshift = 4;
456 			}
457 			/*
458 			 * If there are more bits than the standard mask
459 			 * would suggest, subnets must be in use.
460 			 * Guess at the subnet mask, assuming reasonable
461 			 * width subnet fields.
462 			 */
463 			while (in.s_addr &~ mask)
464 				mask = (long)mask >> subnetshift;
465 			net = in.s_addr & mask;
466 			while ((mask & 1) == 0)
467 				mask >>= 1, net >>= 1;
468 			np = getnetbyaddr(net, AF_INET);
469 			if (np != NULL)
470 				cp = np->n_name;
471 		}
472 #define C(x)	(unsigned)((x) & 0xff)
473 		if (cp != NULL)
474 			strncpy(line, cp, sizeof(line));
475 		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xffffff) == 0)
476 			(void) sprintf(line, "%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24));
477 		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xffff) == 0)
478 			(void) sprintf(line, "%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
479 			    C(in.s_addr >> 16));
480 		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xff) == 0)
481 			(void) sprintf(line, "%u.%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
482 			    C(in.s_addr >> 16), C(in.s_addr >> 8));
483 		else
484 			(void) sprintf(line, "%u.%u.%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
485 			    C(in.s_addr >> 16), C(in.s_addr >> 8),
486 			    C(in.s_addr));
487 #undef C
488 		break;
489 	    }
490 
491 #ifdef INET6
492 	case AF_INET6:
493 	{
494 		struct sockaddr_in6 sin6; /* use static var for safety */
495 		int niflags = 0;
496 
497 		memset(&sin6, 0, sizeof(sin6));
498 		memcpy(&sin6, sa, sa->sa_len);
499 		sin6.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
500 		sin6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
501 #ifdef __KAME__
502 		if (sa->sa_len == sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6) &&
503 		    (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&sin6.sin6_addr) ||
504 		     IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(&sin6.sin6_addr) ||
505 		     IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_NODELOCAL(&sin6.sin6_addr)) &&
506 		    sin6.sin6_scope_id == 0) {
507 			sin6.sin6_scope_id =
508 			    ntohs(*(u_int16_t *)&sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[2]);
509 			sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] = 0;
510 			sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[3] = 0;
511 		}
512 #endif
513 		if (nflag)
514 			niflags |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
515 		if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&sin6, sin6.sin6_len,
516 		    line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0, niflags) != 0)
517 			strncpy(line, "invalid", sizeof(line));
518 
519 		return(line);
520 	}
521 #endif
522 
523 	case AF_APPLETALK:
524 		(void) snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "atalk %s",
525 			atalk_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_at *)sa)->sat_addr));
526 		break;
527 
528 	case AF_LINK:
529 		return (link_ntoa((struct sockaddr_dl *)sa));
530 
531 
532 	default:
533 	    {
534 		u_short *sp = (u_short *)sa->sa_data;
535 		u_short *splim = sp + ((sa->sa_len + 1)>>1);
536 		char *cps = line + sprintf(line, "af %d:", sa->sa_family);
537 		char *cpe = line + sizeof(line);
538 
539 		while (sp < splim && cps < cpe)
540 			if ((n = snprintf(cps, cpe - cps, " %x", *sp++)) > 0)
541 				cps += n;
542 			else
543 				*cps = '\0';
544 		break;
545 	    }
546 	}
547 	return (line);
548 }
549 
550 static void
551 set_metric(char *value, int key)
552 {
553 	int flag = 0;
554 	u_long noval, *valp = &noval;
555 
556 	switch (key) {
557 #define caseof(x, y, z)	case x: valp = &rt_metrics.z; flag = y; break
558 	caseof(K_MTU, RTV_MTU, rmx_mtu);
559 	caseof(K_HOPCOUNT, RTV_HOPCOUNT, rmx_hopcount);
560 	caseof(K_EXPIRE, RTV_EXPIRE, rmx_expire);
561 	caseof(K_RECVPIPE, RTV_RPIPE, rmx_recvpipe);
562 	caseof(K_SENDPIPE, RTV_SPIPE, rmx_sendpipe);
563 	caseof(K_SSTHRESH, RTV_SSTHRESH, rmx_ssthresh);
564 	caseof(K_RTT, RTV_RTT, rmx_rtt);
565 	caseof(K_RTTVAR, RTV_RTTVAR, rmx_rttvar);
566 	caseof(K_WEIGHT, RTV_WEIGHT, rmx_weight);
567 	}
568 	rtm_inits |= flag;
569 	if (lockrest || locking)
570 		rt_metrics.rmx_locks |= flag;
571 	if (locking)
572 		locking = 0;
573 	*valp = atoi(value);
574 }
575 
576 static void
577 newroute(int argc, char **argv)
578 {
579 	char *cmd;
580 	const char *dest = "", *gateway = "", *errmsg;
581 	int ishost = 0, proxy = 0, ret, attempts, oerrno, flags = RTF_STATIC;
582 	int key;
583 	struct hostent *hp = 0;
584 
585 	if (uid != 0) {
586 		errx(EX_NOPERM, "must be root to alter routing table");
587 	}
588 	cmd = argv[0];
589 	if (*cmd != 'g' && *cmd != 's')
590 		shutdown(s, SHUT_RD); /* Don't want to read back our messages */
591 
592 	while (--argc > 0) {
593 		if (**(++argv)== '-') {
594 			switch (key = keyword(1 + *argv)) {
595 			case K_LINK:
596 				af = AF_LINK;
597 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
598 				break;
599 			case K_INET:
600 				af = AF_INET;
601 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
602 				break;
603 #ifdef INET6
604 			case K_INET6:
605 				af = AF_INET6;
606 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
607 				break;
608 #endif
609 			case K_ATALK:
610 				af = AF_APPLETALK;
611 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_at);
612 				break;
613 			case K_SA:
614 				af = PF_ROUTE;
615 				aflen = sizeof(union sockunion);
616 				break;
617 			case K_IFACE:
618 			case K_INTERFACE:
619 				iflag++;
620 				break;
621 			case K_NOSTATIC:
622 				flags &= ~RTF_STATIC;
623 				break;
624 			case K_LOCK:
625 				locking = 1;
626 				break;
627 			case K_LOCKREST:
628 				lockrest = 1;
629 				break;
630 			case K_HOST:
631 				forcehost++;
632 				break;
633 			case K_REJECT:
634 				flags |= RTF_REJECT;
635 				break;
636 			case K_BLACKHOLE:
637 				flags |= RTF_BLACKHOLE;
638 				break;
639 			case K_PROTO1:
640 				flags |= RTF_PROTO1;
641 				break;
642 			case K_PROTO2:
643 				flags |= RTF_PROTO2;
644 				break;
645 			case K_PROXY:
646 				proxy = 1;
647 				break;
648 			case K_XRESOLVE:
649 				flags |= RTF_XRESOLVE;
650 				break;
651 			case K_STATIC:
652 				flags |= RTF_STATIC;
653 				break;
654 			case K_STICKY:
655 				flags |= RTF_STICKY;
656 				break;
657 			case K_NOSTICK:
658 				flags &= ~RTF_STICKY;
659 				break;
660 			case K_IFA:
661 				if (!--argc)
662 					usage(NULL);
663 				(void) getaddr(RTA_IFA, *++argv, 0);
664 				break;
665 			case K_IFP:
666 				if (!--argc)
667 					usage(NULL);
668 				(void) getaddr(RTA_IFP, *++argv, 0);
669 				break;
670 			case K_GENMASK:
671 				if (!--argc)
672 					usage(NULL);
673 				(void) getaddr(RTA_GENMASK, *++argv, 0);
674 				break;
675 			case K_GATEWAY:
676 				if (!--argc)
677 					usage(NULL);
678 				(void) getaddr(RTA_GATEWAY, *++argv, 0);
679 				break;
680 			case K_DST:
681 				if (!--argc)
682 					usage(NULL);
683 				ishost = getaddr(RTA_DST, *++argv, &hp);
684 				dest = *argv;
685 				break;
686 			case K_NETMASK:
687 				if (!--argc)
688 					usage(NULL);
689 				(void) getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, *++argv, 0);
690 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
691 			case K_NET:
692 				forcenet++;
693 				break;
694 			case K_PREFIXLEN:
695 				if (!--argc)
696 					usage(NULL);
697 				if (prefixlen(*++argv) == -1) {
698 					forcenet = 0;
699 					ishost = 1;
700 				} else {
701 					forcenet = 1;
702 					ishost = 0;
703 				}
704 				break;
705 			case K_MTU:
706 			case K_HOPCOUNT:
707 			case K_EXPIRE:
708 			case K_RECVPIPE:
709 			case K_SENDPIPE:
710 			case K_SSTHRESH:
711 			case K_RTT:
712 			case K_RTTVAR:
713 			case K_WEIGHT:
714 				if (!--argc)
715 					usage(NULL);
716 				set_metric(*++argv, key);
717 				break;
718 			default:
719 				usage(1+*argv);
720 			}
721 		} else {
722 			if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_DST) == 0) {
723 				dest = *argv;
724 				ishost = getaddr(RTA_DST, *argv, &hp);
725 			} else if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_GATEWAY) == 0) {
726 				gateway = *argv;
727 				(void) getaddr(RTA_GATEWAY, *argv, &hp);
728 			} else {
729 				(void) getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, *argv, 0);
730 				forcenet = 1;
731 			}
732 		}
733 	}
734 	if (forcehost) {
735 		ishost = 1;
736 #ifdef INET6
737 		if (af == AF_INET6) {
738 			rtm_addrs &= ~RTA_NETMASK;
739 			memset((void *)&so_mask, 0, sizeof(so_mask));
740 		}
741 #endif
742 	}
743 	if (forcenet)
744 		ishost = 0;
745 	flags |= RTF_UP;
746 	if (ishost)
747 		flags |= RTF_HOST;
748 	if (iflag == 0)
749 		flags |= RTF_GATEWAY;
750 	if (proxy) {
751 		so_dst.sinarp.sin_other = SIN_PROXY;
752 		flags |= RTF_ANNOUNCE;
753 	}
754 	for (attempts = 1; ; attempts++) {
755 		errno = 0;
756 		if ((ret = rtmsg(*cmd, flags)) == 0)
757 			break;
758 		if (errno != ENETUNREACH && errno != ESRCH)
759 			break;
760 		if (af == AF_INET && *gateway != '\0' &&
761 		    hp != NULL && hp->h_addr_list[1] != NULL) {
762 			hp->h_addr_list++;
763 			memmove(&so_gate.sin.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0],
764 			    MIN((size_t)hp->h_length,
765 			    sizeof(so_gate.sin.sin_addr)));
766 		} else
767 			break;
768 	}
769 	if (*cmd == 'g' || *cmd == 's')
770 		exit(ret != 0);
771 	if (!qflag) {
772 		oerrno = errno;
773 		(void) printf("%s %s %s", cmd, ishost? "host" : "net", dest);
774 		if (*gateway) {
775 			(void) printf(": gateway %s", gateway);
776 			if (attempts > 1 && ret == 0 && af == AF_INET)
777 			    (void) printf(" (%s)",
778 				inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)&route.rt_gateway)->sin_addr));
779 		}
780 		if (ret == 0) {
781 			(void) printf("\n");
782 		} else {
783 			switch (oerrno) {
784 			case ESRCH:
785 				errmsg = "not in table";
786 				break;
787 			case EBUSY:
788 				errmsg = "entry in use";
789 				break;
790 			case ENOBUFS:
791 				errmsg = "not enough memory";
792 				break;
793 			case EADDRINUSE:
794 				/* handle recursion avoidance in rt_setgate() */
795 				errmsg = "gateway uses the same route";
796 				break;
797 			case EEXIST:
798 				errmsg = "route already in table";
799 				break;
800 			default:
801 				errmsg = strerror(oerrno);
802 				break;
803 			}
804 			(void) printf(": %s\n", errmsg);
805 		}
806 	}
807 	exit(ret != 0);
808 }
809 
810 static void
811 inet_makenetandmask(u_long net, struct sockaddr_in *sin, u_long bits)
812 {
813 	u_long addr, mask = 0;
814 	char *cp;
815 
816 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
817 	/*
818 	 * XXX: This approach unable to handle 0.0.0.1/32 correctly
819 	 * as inet_network() converts 0.0.0.1 and 1 equally.
820 	 */
821 	if (net <= 0xff)
822 		addr = net << IN_CLASSA_NSHIFT;
823 	else if (net <= 0xffff)
824 		addr = net << IN_CLASSB_NSHIFT;
825 	else if (net <= 0xffffff)
826 		addr = net << IN_CLASSC_NSHIFT;
827 	else
828 		addr = net;
829 	/*
830 	 * If no /xx was specified we must calculate the
831 	 * CIDR address.
832 	 */
833 	if ((bits == 0)  && (addr != 0)) {
834 		u_long i, j;
835 		for(i=0,j=0xff; i<4; i++)  {
836 			if (addr & j) {
837 				break;
838 			}
839 			j <<= 8;
840 		}
841 		/* i holds the first non zero bit */
842 		bits = 32 - (i*8);
843 	}
844 	if (bits != 0)
845 		mask = 0xffffffff << (32 - bits);
846 
847 	sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(addr);
848 	sin = &so_mask.sin;
849 	sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(mask);
850 	sin->sin_len = 0;
851 	sin->sin_family = 0;
852 	cp = (char *)(&sin->sin_addr + 1);
853 	while (*--cp == 0 && cp > (char *)sin)
854 		;
855 	sin->sin_len = 1 + cp - (char *)sin;
856 }
857 
858 #ifdef INET6
859 /*
860  * XXX the function may need more improvement...
861  */
862 static int
863 inet6_makenetandmask(struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6, const char *plen)
864 {
865 	struct in6_addr in6;
866 
867 	if (plen == NULL) {
868 		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&sin6->sin6_addr) &&
869 		    sin6->sin6_scope_id == 0) {
870 			plen = "0";
871 		} else if ((sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[0] & 0xe0) == 0x20) {
872 			/* aggregatable global unicast - RFC2374 */
873 			memset(&in6, 0, sizeof(in6));
874 			if (!memcmp(&sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[8],
875 				    &in6.s6_addr[8], 8))
876 				plen = "64";
877 		}
878 	}
879 
880 	if (plen == NULL || strcmp(plen, "128") == 0)
881 		return (1);
882 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
883 	prefixlen(plen);
884 	return (0);
885 }
886 #endif
887 
888 /*
889  * Interpret an argument as a network address of some kind,
890  * returning 1 if a host address, 0 if a network address.
891  */
892 static int
893 getaddr(int which, char *str, struct hostent **hpp)
894 {
895 	sup su;
896 	struct hostent *hp;
897 	struct netent *np;
898 	u_long val;
899 	char *q;
900 	int afamily;  /* local copy of af so we can change it */
901 
902 	if (af == 0) {
903 		af = AF_INET;
904 		aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
905 	}
906 	afamily = af;
907 	rtm_addrs |= which;
908 	switch (which) {
909 	case RTA_DST:
910 		su = &so_dst;
911 		break;
912 	case RTA_GATEWAY:
913 		su = &so_gate;
914 		if (iflag) {
915 			struct ifaddrs *ifap, *ifa;
916 			struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = NULL;
917 
918 			if (getifaddrs(&ifap))
919 				err(1, "getifaddrs");
920 
921 			for (ifa = ifap; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
922 				if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_LINK)
923 					continue;
924 
925 				if (strcmp(str, ifa->ifa_name) != 0)
926 					continue;
927 
928 				sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)ifa->ifa_addr;
929 			}
930 			/* If we found it, then use it */
931 			if (sdl != NULL) {
932 				/*
933 				 * Copy is safe since we have a
934 				 * sockaddr_storage member in sockunion{}.
935 				 * Note that we need to copy before calling
936 				 * freeifaddrs().
937 				 */
938 				memcpy(&su->sdl, sdl, sdl->sdl_len);
939 			}
940 			freeifaddrs(ifap);
941 			if (sdl != NULL)
942 				return(1);
943 		}
944 		break;
945 	case RTA_NETMASK:
946 		su = &so_mask;
947 		break;
948 	case RTA_GENMASK:
949 		su = &so_genmask;
950 		break;
951 	case RTA_IFP:
952 		su = &so_ifp;
953 		afamily = AF_LINK;
954 		break;
955 	case RTA_IFA:
956 		su = &so_ifa;
957 		break;
958 	default:
959 		usage("internal error");
960 		/*NOTREACHED*/
961 	}
962 	su->sa.sa_len = aflen;
963 	su->sa.sa_family = afamily; /* cases that don't want it have left already */
964 	if (strcmp(str, "default") == 0) {
965 		/*
966 		 * Default is net 0.0.0.0/0
967 		 */
968 		switch (which) {
969 		case RTA_DST:
970 			forcenet++;
971 #if 0
972 			bzero(su, sizeof(*su));	/* for readability */
973 #endif
974 			getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, str, 0);
975 			break;
976 #if 0
977 		case RTA_NETMASK:
978 		case RTA_GENMASK:
979 			bzero(su, sizeof(*su));	/* for readability */
980 #endif
981 		}
982 		return (0);
983 	}
984 	switch (afamily) {
985 #ifdef INET6
986 	case AF_INET6:
987 	{
988 		struct addrinfo hints, *res;
989 		int ecode;
990 
991 		q = NULL;
992 		if (which == RTA_DST && (q = strchr(str, '/')) != NULL)
993 			*q = '\0';
994 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
995 		hints.ai_family = afamily;	/*AF_INET6*/
996 		hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;		/*dummy*/
997 		ecode = getaddrinfo(str, NULL, &hints, &res);
998 		if (ecode != 0 || res->ai_family != AF_INET6 ||
999 		    res->ai_addrlen != sizeof(su->sin6)) {
1000 			(void) fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", str,
1001 			    gai_strerror(ecode));
1002 			exit(1);
1003 		}
1004 		memcpy(&su->sin6, res->ai_addr, sizeof(su->sin6));
1005 #ifdef __KAME__
1006 		if ((IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&su->sin6.sin6_addr) ||
1007 		     IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(&su->sin6.sin6_addr) ||
1008 		     IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_NODELOCAL(&su->sin6.sin6_addr)) &&
1009 		    su->sin6.sin6_scope_id) {
1010 			*(u_int16_t *)&su->sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] =
1011 				htons(su->sin6.sin6_scope_id);
1012 			su->sin6.sin6_scope_id = 0;
1013 		}
1014 #endif
1015 		freeaddrinfo(res);
1016 		if (q != NULL)
1017 			*q++ = '/';
1018 		if (which == RTA_DST)
1019 			return (inet6_makenetandmask(&su->sin6, q));
1020 		return (0);
1021 	}
1022 #endif /* INET6 */
1023 
1024 	case AF_APPLETALK:
1025 		if (!atalk_aton(str, &su->sat.sat_addr))
1026 			errx(EX_NOHOST, "bad address: %s", str);
1027 		rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1028 		return(forcehost || su->sat.sat_addr.s_node != 0);
1029 
1030 	case AF_LINK:
1031 		link_addr(str, &su->sdl);
1032 		return (1);
1033 
1034 
1035 	case PF_ROUTE:
1036 		su->sa.sa_len = sizeof(*su);
1037 		sockaddr(str, &su->sa);
1038 		return (1);
1039 
1040 	case AF_INET:
1041 	default:
1042 		break;
1043 	}
1044 
1045 	if (hpp == NULL)
1046 		hpp = &hp;
1047 	*hpp = NULL;
1048 
1049 	q = strchr(str,'/');
1050 	if (q != NULL && which == RTA_DST) {
1051 		*q = '\0';
1052 		if ((val = inet_network(str)) != INADDR_NONE) {
1053 			inet_makenetandmask(
1054 				val, &su->sin, strtoul(q+1, 0, 0));
1055 			return (0);
1056 		}
1057 		*q = '/';
1058 	}
1059 	if ((which != RTA_DST || forcenet == 0) &&
1060 	    inet_aton(str, &su->sin.sin_addr)) {
1061 		val = su->sin.sin_addr.s_addr;
1062 		if (which != RTA_DST || forcehost ||
1063 		    inet_lnaof(su->sin.sin_addr) != INADDR_ANY)
1064 			return (1);
1065 		else {
1066 			val = ntohl(val);
1067 			goto netdone;
1068 		}
1069 	}
1070 	if (which == RTA_DST && forcehost == 0 &&
1071 	    ((val = inet_network(str)) != INADDR_NONE ||
1072 	    ((np = getnetbyname(str)) != NULL && (val = np->n_net) != 0))) {
1073 netdone:
1074 		inet_makenetandmask(val, &su->sin, 0);
1075 		return (0);
1076 	}
1077 	hp = gethostbyname(str);
1078 	if (hp != NULL) {
1079 		*hpp = hp;
1080 		su->sin.sin_family = hp->h_addrtype;
1081 		memmove((char *)&su->sin.sin_addr, hp->h_addr,
1082 		    MIN((size_t)hp->h_length, sizeof(su->sin.sin_addr)));
1083 		return (1);
1084 	}
1085 	errx(EX_NOHOST, "bad address: %s", str);
1086 }
1087 
1088 static int
1089 prefixlen(const char *str)
1090 {
1091 	int len = atoi(str), q, r;
1092 	int max;
1093 	char *p;
1094 
1095 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1096 	switch (af) {
1097 #ifdef INET6
1098 	case AF_INET6:
1099 		max = 128;
1100 		p = (char *)&so_mask.sin6.sin6_addr;
1101 		break;
1102 #endif
1103 	case AF_INET:
1104 		max = 32;
1105 		p = (char *)&so_mask.sin.sin_addr;
1106 		break;
1107 	default:
1108 		fprintf(stderr, "prefixlen not supported in this af\n");
1109 		exit(1);
1110 	}
1111 
1112 	if (len < 0 || max < len) {
1113 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: bad value\n", str);
1114 		exit(1);
1115 	}
1116 
1117 	q = len >> 3;
1118 	r = len & 7;
1119 	so_mask.sa.sa_family = af;
1120 	so_mask.sa.sa_len = aflen;
1121 	memset((void *)p, 0, max / 8);
1122 	if (q > 0)
1123 		memset((void *)p, 0xff, q);
1124 	if (r > 0)
1125 		*((u_char *)p + q) = (0xff00 >> r) & 0xff;
1126 	if (len == max)
1127 		return (-1);
1128 	else
1129 		return (len);
1130 }
1131 
1132 static void
1133 interfaces(void)
1134 {
1135 	size_t needed;
1136 	int mib[6];
1137 	char *buf, *lim, *next, count = 0;
1138 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
1139 
1140 retry2:
1141 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
1142 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
1143 	mib[2] = 0;		/* protocol */
1144 	mib[3] = 0;		/* wildcard address family */
1145 	mib[4] = NET_RT_IFLIST;
1146 	mib[5] = 0;		/* no flags */
1147 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
1148 		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-estimate");
1149 	if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL)
1150 		errx(EX_OSERR, "malloc failed");
1151 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
1152 		if (errno == ENOMEM && count++ < 10) {
1153 			warnx("Routing table grew, retrying");
1154 			sleep(1);
1155 			free(buf);
1156 			goto retry2;
1157 		}
1158 		err(EX_OSERR, "actual retrieval of interface table");
1159 	}
1160 	lim = buf + needed;
1161 	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
1162 		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
1163 		print_rtmsg(rtm, rtm->rtm_msglen);
1164 	}
1165 }
1166 
1167 static void
1168 monitor(void)
1169 {
1170 	int n;
1171 	char msg[2048];
1172 
1173 	verbose = 1;
1174 	if (debugonly) {
1175 		interfaces();
1176 		exit(0);
1177 	}
1178 	for (;;) {
1179 		time_t now;
1180 		n = read(s, msg, 2048);
1181 		now = time(NULL);
1182 		(void) printf("\ngot message of size %d on %s", n, ctime(&now));
1183 		print_rtmsg((struct rt_msghdr *)msg, n);
1184 	}
1185 }
1186 
1187 struct {
1188 	struct	rt_msghdr m_rtm;
1189 	char	m_space[512];
1190 } m_rtmsg;
1191 
1192 static int
1193 rtmsg(int cmd, int flags)
1194 {
1195 	static int seq;
1196 	int rlen;
1197 	char *cp = m_rtmsg.m_space;
1198 	int l;
1199 
1200 #define NEXTADDR(w, u) \
1201 	if (rtm_addrs & (w)) {\
1202 	    l = SA_SIZE(&(u.sa)); memmove(cp, &(u), l); cp += l;\
1203 	    if (verbose) sodump(&(u),#u);\
1204 	}
1205 
1206 	errno = 0;
1207 	memset(&m_rtmsg, 0, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
1208 	if (cmd == 'a')
1209 		cmd = RTM_ADD;
1210 	else if (cmd == 'c')
1211 		cmd = RTM_CHANGE;
1212 	else if (cmd == 'g' || cmd == 's') {
1213 		cmd = RTM_GET;
1214 		if (so_ifp.sa.sa_family == 0) {
1215 			so_ifp.sa.sa_family = AF_LINK;
1216 			so_ifp.sa.sa_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
1217 			rtm_addrs |= RTA_IFP;
1218 		}
1219 	} else
1220 		cmd = RTM_DELETE;
1221 #define rtm m_rtmsg.m_rtm
1222 	rtm.rtm_type = cmd;
1223 	rtm.rtm_flags = flags;
1224 	rtm.rtm_version = RTM_VERSION;
1225 	rtm.rtm_seq = ++seq;
1226 	rtm.rtm_addrs = rtm_addrs;
1227 	rtm.rtm_rmx = rt_metrics;
1228 	rtm.rtm_inits = rtm_inits;
1229 
1230 	if (rtm_addrs & RTA_NETMASK)
1231 		mask_addr();
1232 	NEXTADDR(RTA_DST, so_dst);
1233 	NEXTADDR(RTA_GATEWAY, so_gate);
1234 	NEXTADDR(RTA_NETMASK, so_mask);
1235 	NEXTADDR(RTA_GENMASK, so_genmask);
1236 	NEXTADDR(RTA_IFP, so_ifp);
1237 	NEXTADDR(RTA_IFA, so_ifa);
1238 	rtm.rtm_msglen = l = cp - (char *)&m_rtmsg;
1239 	if (verbose)
1240 		print_rtmsg(&rtm, l);
1241 	if (debugonly)
1242 		return (0);
1243 	if ((rlen = write(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, l)) < 0) {
1244 		if (errno == EPERM)
1245 			err(1, "writing to routing socket");
1246 		warn("writing to routing socket");
1247 		return (-1);
1248 	}
1249 	if (cmd == RTM_GET) {
1250 		do {
1251 			l = read(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
1252 		} while (l > 0 && (rtm.rtm_seq != seq || rtm.rtm_pid != pid));
1253 		if (l < 0)
1254 			warn("read from routing socket");
1255 		else
1256 			print_getmsg(&rtm, l);
1257 	}
1258 #undef rtm
1259 	return (0);
1260 }
1261 
1262 static void
1263 mask_addr(void)
1264 {
1265 	int olen = so_mask.sa.sa_len;
1266 	char *cp1 = olen + (char *)&so_mask, *cp2;
1267 
1268 	for (so_mask.sa.sa_len = 0; cp1 > (char *)&so_mask; )
1269 		if (*--cp1 != 0) {
1270 			so_mask.sa.sa_len = 1 + cp1 - (char *)&so_mask;
1271 			break;
1272 		}
1273 	if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_DST) == 0)
1274 		return;
1275 	switch (so_dst.sa.sa_family) {
1276 	case AF_INET:
1277 #ifdef INET6
1278 	case AF_INET6:
1279 #endif
1280 	case AF_APPLETALK:
1281 	case 0:
1282 		return;
1283 	}
1284 	cp1 = so_mask.sa.sa_len + 1 + (char *)&so_dst;
1285 	cp2 = so_dst.sa.sa_len + 1 + (char *)&so_dst;
1286 	while (cp2 > cp1)
1287 		*--cp2 = 0;
1288 	cp2 = so_mask.sa.sa_len + 1 + (char *)&so_mask;
1289 	while (cp1 > so_dst.sa.sa_data)
1290 		*--cp1 &= *--cp2;
1291 }
1292 
1293 const char *msgtypes[] = {
1294 	"",
1295 	"RTM_ADD: Add Route",
1296 	"RTM_DELETE: Delete Route",
1297 	"RTM_CHANGE: Change Metrics or flags",
1298 	"RTM_GET: Report Metrics",
1299 	"RTM_LOSING: Kernel Suspects Partitioning",
1300 	"RTM_REDIRECT: Told to use different route",
1301 	"RTM_MISS: Lookup failed on this address",
1302 	"RTM_LOCK: fix specified metrics",
1303 	"RTM_OLDADD: caused by SIOCADDRT",
1304 	"RTM_OLDDEL: caused by SIOCDELRT",
1305 	"RTM_RESOLVE: Route created by cloning",
1306 	"RTM_NEWADDR: address being added to iface",
1307 	"RTM_DELADDR: address being removed from iface",
1308 	"RTM_IFINFO: iface status change",
1309 	"RTM_NEWMADDR: new multicast group membership on iface",
1310 	"RTM_DELMADDR: multicast group membership removed from iface",
1311 	"RTM_IFANNOUNCE: interface arrival/departure",
1312 	"RTM_IEEE80211: IEEE 802.11 wireless event",
1313 };
1314 
1315 char metricnames[] =
1316 "\011weight\010rttvar\7rtt\6ssthresh\5sendpipe\4recvpipe\3expire"
1317 "\1mtu";
1318 char routeflags[] =
1319 "\1UP\2GATEWAY\3HOST\4REJECT\5DYNAMIC\6MODIFIED\7DONE"
1320 "\012XRESOLVE\013LLINFO\014STATIC\015BLACKHOLE"
1321 "\017PROTO2\020PROTO1\021PRCLONING\022WASCLONED\023PROTO3"
1322 "\025PINNED\026LOCAL\027BROADCAST\030MULTICAST\035STICKY";
1323 char ifnetflags[] =
1324 "\1UP\2BROADCAST\3DEBUG\4LOOPBACK\5PTP\6b6\7RUNNING\010NOARP"
1325 "\011PPROMISC\012ALLMULTI\013OACTIVE\014SIMPLEX\015LINK0\016LINK1"
1326 "\017LINK2\020MULTICAST";
1327 char addrnames[] =
1328 "\1DST\2GATEWAY\3NETMASK\4GENMASK\5IFP\6IFA\7AUTHOR\010BRD";
1329 
1330 static const char errfmt[] =
1331 "\n%s: truncated route message, only %zu bytes left\n";
1332 
1333 static void
1334 print_rtmsg(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, size_t msglen)
1335 {
1336 	struct if_msghdr *ifm;
1337 	struct ifa_msghdr *ifam;
1338 #ifdef RTM_NEWMADDR
1339 	struct ifma_msghdr *ifmam;
1340 #endif
1341 	struct if_announcemsghdr *ifan;
1342 	const char *state;
1343 
1344 	if (verbose == 0)
1345 		return;
1346 	if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) {
1347 		(void) printf("routing message version %d not understood\n",
1348 		    rtm->rtm_version);
1349 		return;
1350 	}
1351 	if (rtm->rtm_type < sizeof(msgtypes) / sizeof(msgtypes[0]))
1352 		(void)printf("%s: ", msgtypes[rtm->rtm_type]);
1353 	else
1354 		(void)printf("unknown type %d: ", rtm->rtm_type);
1355 	(void)printf("len %d, ", rtm->rtm_msglen);
1356 
1357 #define	REQUIRE(x)	do {		\
1358 	if (msglen < sizeof(x))		\
1359 		goto badlen;		\
1360 	else				\
1361 		msglen -= sizeof(x);	\
1362 	} while (0)
1363 
1364 	switch (rtm->rtm_type) {
1365 	case RTM_IFINFO:
1366 		REQUIRE(struct if_msghdr);
1367 		ifm = (struct if_msghdr *)rtm;
1368 		(void) printf("if# %d, ", ifm->ifm_index);
1369 		switch (ifm->ifm_data.ifi_link_state) {
1370 		case LINK_STATE_DOWN:
1371 			state = "down";
1372 			break;
1373 		case LINK_STATE_UP:
1374 			state = "up";
1375 			break;
1376 		default:
1377 			state = "unknown";
1378 			break;
1379 		}
1380 		(void) printf("link: %s, flags:", state);
1381 		bprintf(stdout, ifm->ifm_flags, ifnetflags);
1382 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifm + 1), ifm->ifm_addrs, msglen);
1383 		break;
1384 	case RTM_NEWADDR:
1385 	case RTM_DELADDR:
1386 		REQUIRE(struct ifa_msghdr);
1387 		ifam = (struct ifa_msghdr *)rtm;
1388 		(void) printf("metric %d, flags:", ifam->ifam_metric);
1389 		bprintf(stdout, ifam->ifam_flags, routeflags);
1390 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifam + 1), ifam->ifam_addrs, msglen);
1391 		break;
1392 #ifdef RTM_NEWMADDR
1393 	case RTM_NEWMADDR:
1394 	case RTM_DELMADDR:
1395 		REQUIRE(struct ifma_msghdr);
1396 		ifmam = (struct ifma_msghdr *)rtm;
1397 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifmam + 1), ifmam->ifmam_addrs, msglen);
1398 		break;
1399 #endif
1400 	case RTM_IFANNOUNCE:
1401 		REQUIRE(struct if_announcemsghdr);
1402 		ifan = (struct if_announcemsghdr *)rtm;
1403 		(void) printf("if# %d, what: ", ifan->ifan_index);
1404 		switch (ifan->ifan_what) {
1405 		case IFAN_ARRIVAL:
1406 			printf("arrival");
1407 			break;
1408 		case IFAN_DEPARTURE:
1409 			printf("departure");
1410 			break;
1411 		default:
1412 			printf("#%d", ifan->ifan_what);
1413 			break;
1414 		}
1415 		printf("\n");
1416 		break;
1417 
1418 	default:
1419 		(void) printf("pid: %ld, seq %d, errno %d, flags:",
1420 			(long)rtm->rtm_pid, rtm->rtm_seq, rtm->rtm_errno);
1421 		bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_flags, routeflags);
1422 		pmsg_common(rtm, msglen);
1423 	}
1424 
1425 	return;
1426 
1427 badlen:
1428 	(void)printf(errfmt, __func__, msglen);
1429 #undef	REQUIRE
1430 }
1431 
1432 static void
1433 print_getmsg(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, int msglen)
1434 {
1435 	struct sockaddr *dst = NULL, *gate = NULL, *mask = NULL;
1436 	struct sockaddr_dl *ifp = NULL;
1437 	struct sockaddr *sa;
1438 	char *cp;
1439 	int i;
1440 
1441 	(void) printf("   route to: %s\n",
1442 	    routename((struct sockaddr *)&so_dst));
1443 	if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) {
1444 		warnx("routing message version %d not understood",
1445 		     rtm->rtm_version);
1446 		return;
1447 	}
1448 	if (rtm->rtm_msglen > msglen) {
1449 		warnx("message length mismatch, in packet %d, returned %d",
1450 		      rtm->rtm_msglen, msglen);
1451 	}
1452 	if (rtm->rtm_errno)  {
1453 		errno = rtm->rtm_errno;
1454 		warn("message indicates error %d", errno);
1455 		return;
1456 	}
1457 	cp = ((char *)(rtm + 1));
1458 	if (rtm->rtm_addrs)
1459 		for (i = 1; i; i <<= 1)
1460 			if (i & rtm->rtm_addrs) {
1461 				sa = (struct sockaddr *)cp;
1462 				switch (i) {
1463 				case RTA_DST:
1464 					dst = sa;
1465 					break;
1466 				case RTA_GATEWAY:
1467 					gate = sa;
1468 					break;
1469 				case RTA_NETMASK:
1470 					mask = sa;
1471 					break;
1472 				case RTA_IFP:
1473 					if (sa->sa_family == AF_LINK &&
1474 					   ((struct sockaddr_dl *)sa)->sdl_nlen)
1475 						ifp = (struct sockaddr_dl *)sa;
1476 					break;
1477 				}
1478 				cp += SA_SIZE(sa);
1479 			}
1480 	if (dst && mask)
1481 		mask->sa_family = dst->sa_family;	/* XXX */
1482 	if (dst)
1483 		(void)printf("destination: %s\n", routename(dst));
1484 	if (mask) {
1485 		int savenflag = nflag;
1486 
1487 		nflag = 1;
1488 		(void)printf("       mask: %s\n", routename(mask));
1489 		nflag = savenflag;
1490 	}
1491 	if (gate && rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY)
1492 		(void)printf("    gateway: %s\n", routename(gate));
1493 	if (ifp)
1494 		(void)printf("  interface: %.*s\n",
1495 		    ifp->sdl_nlen, ifp->sdl_data);
1496 	(void)printf("      flags: ");
1497 	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_flags, routeflags);
1498 
1499 #define lock(f)	((rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_locks & __CONCAT(RTV_,f)) ? 'L' : ' ')
1500 #define msec(u)	(((u) + 500) / 1000)		/* usec to msec */
1501 
1502 	(void) printf("\n%s\n", "\
1503  recvpipe  sendpipe  ssthresh  rtt,msec    mtu        weight    expire");
1504 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_recvpipe, lock(RPIPE));
1505 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_sendpipe, lock(SPIPE));
1506 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_ssthresh, lock(SSTHRESH));
1507 	printf("%8ld%c ", msec(rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_rtt), lock(RTT));
1508 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_mtu, lock(MTU));
1509 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_weight, lock(WEIGHT));
1510 	if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire)
1511 		rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire -= time(0);
1512 	printf("%8ld%c\n", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire, lock(EXPIRE));
1513 #undef lock
1514 #undef msec
1515 #define	RTA_IGN	(RTA_DST|RTA_GATEWAY|RTA_NETMASK|RTA_IFP|RTA_IFA|RTA_BRD)
1516 	if (verbose)
1517 		pmsg_common(rtm, msglen);
1518 	else if (rtm->rtm_addrs &~ RTA_IGN) {
1519 		(void) printf("sockaddrs: ");
1520 		bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_addrs, addrnames);
1521 		putchar('\n');
1522 	}
1523 #undef	RTA_IGN
1524 }
1525 
1526 static void
1527 pmsg_common(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, size_t msglen)
1528 {
1529 	(void) printf("\nlocks: ");
1530 	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_locks, metricnames);
1531 	(void) printf(" inits: ");
1532 	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_inits, metricnames);
1533 	if (msglen > sizeof(struct rt_msghdr))
1534 		pmsg_addrs(((char *)(rtm + 1)), rtm->rtm_addrs,
1535 		    msglen - sizeof(struct rt_msghdr));
1536 	else
1537 		(void) fflush(stdout);
1538 }
1539 
1540 static void
1541 pmsg_addrs(char *cp, int addrs, size_t len)
1542 {
1543 	struct sockaddr *sa;
1544 	int i;
1545 
1546 	if (addrs == 0) {
1547 		(void) putchar('\n');
1548 		return;
1549 	}
1550 	(void) printf("\nsockaddrs: ");
1551 	bprintf(stdout, addrs, addrnames);
1552 	(void) putchar('\n');
1553 	for (i = 1; i != 0; i <<= 1)
1554 		if (i & addrs) {
1555 			sa = (struct sockaddr *)cp;
1556 			if (len == 0 || len < SA_SIZE(sa)) {
1557 				(void) printf(errfmt, __func__, len);
1558 				break;
1559 			}
1560 			(void) printf(" %s", routename(sa));
1561 			len -= SA_SIZE(sa);
1562 			cp += SA_SIZE(sa);
1563 		}
1564 	(void) putchar('\n');
1565 	(void) fflush(stdout);
1566 }
1567 
1568 static void
1569 bprintf(FILE *fp, int b, u_char *str)
1570 {
1571 	int i;
1572 	int gotsome = 0;
1573 
1574 	if (b == 0)
1575 		return;
1576 	while ((i = *str++) != 0) {
1577 		if (b & (1 << (i-1))) {
1578 			if (gotsome == 0)
1579 				i = '<';
1580 			else
1581 				i = ',';
1582 			(void) putc(i, fp);
1583 			gotsome = 1;
1584 			for (; (i = *str) > 32; str++)
1585 				(void) putc(i, fp);
1586 		} else
1587 			while (*str > 32)
1588 				str++;
1589 	}
1590 	if (gotsome)
1591 		(void) putc('>', fp);
1592 }
1593 
1594 int
1595 keyword(const char *cp)
1596 {
1597 	struct keytab *kt = keywords;
1598 
1599 	while (kt->kt_cp != NULL && strcmp(kt->kt_cp, cp) != 0)
1600 		kt++;
1601 	return (kt->kt_i);
1602 }
1603 
1604 static void
1605 sodump(sup su, const char *which)
1606 {
1607 	switch (su->sa.sa_family) {
1608 	case AF_LINK:
1609 		(void) printf("%s: link %s; ",
1610 		    which, link_ntoa(&su->sdl));
1611 		break;
1612 	case AF_INET:
1613 		(void) printf("%s: inet %s; ",
1614 		    which, inet_ntoa(su->sin.sin_addr));
1615 		break;
1616 	case AF_APPLETALK:
1617 		(void) printf("%s: atalk %s; ",
1618 		    which, atalk_ntoa(su->sat.sat_addr));
1619 		break;
1620 	}
1621 	(void) fflush(stdout);
1622 }
1623 
1624 /* States*/
1625 #define VIRGIN	0
1626 #define GOTONE	1
1627 #define GOTTWO	2
1628 /* Inputs */
1629 #define	DIGIT	(4*0)
1630 #define	END	(4*1)
1631 #define DELIM	(4*2)
1632 
1633 static void
1634 sockaddr(char *addr, struct sockaddr *sa)
1635 {
1636 	char *cp = (char *)sa;
1637 	int size = sa->sa_len;
1638 	char *cplim = cp + size;
1639 	int byte = 0, state = VIRGIN, new = 0 /* foil gcc */;
1640 
1641 	memset(cp, 0, size);
1642 	cp++;
1643 	do {
1644 		if ((*addr >= '0') && (*addr <= '9')) {
1645 			new = *addr - '0';
1646 		} else if ((*addr >= 'a') && (*addr <= 'f')) {
1647 			new = *addr - 'a' + 10;
1648 		} else if ((*addr >= 'A') && (*addr <= 'F')) {
1649 			new = *addr - 'A' + 10;
1650 		} else if (*addr == '\0')
1651 			state |= END;
1652 		else
1653 			state |= DELIM;
1654 		addr++;
1655 		switch (state /* | INPUT */) {
1656 		case GOTTWO | DIGIT:
1657 			*cp++ = byte; /*FALLTHROUGH*/
1658 		case VIRGIN | DIGIT:
1659 			state = GOTONE; byte = new; continue;
1660 		case GOTONE | DIGIT:
1661 			state = GOTTWO; byte = new + (byte << 4); continue;
1662 		default: /* | DELIM */
1663 			state = VIRGIN; *cp++ = byte; byte = 0; continue;
1664 		case GOTONE | END:
1665 		case GOTTWO | END:
1666 			*cp++ = byte; /* FALLTHROUGH */
1667 		case VIRGIN | END:
1668 			break;
1669 		}
1670 		break;
1671 	} while (cp < cplim);
1672 	sa->sa_len = cp - (char *)sa;
1673 }
1674 
1675 static int
1676 atalk_aton(const char *text, struct at_addr *addr)
1677 {
1678 	u_int net, node;
1679 
1680 	if (sscanf(text, "%u.%u", &net, &node) != 2
1681 	    || net > 0xffff || node > 0xff)
1682 		return(0);
1683 	addr->s_net = htons(net);
1684 	addr->s_node = node;
1685 	return(1);
1686 }
1687 
1688 static char *
1689 atalk_ntoa(struct at_addr at)
1690 {
1691 	static char buf[20];
1692 
1693 	(void) snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u.%u", ntohs(at.s_net), at.s_node);
1694 	return(buf);
1695 }
1696