xref: /freebsd/sbin/route/route.c (revision 36daf0495aa68d669ac6abf004940ec1b1e83e42)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #ifndef lint
31 static const char copyright[] =
32 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1991, 1993\n\
33 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
34 #endif /* not lint */
35 
36 #ifndef lint
37 #if 0
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)route.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 4/28/95";
39 #endif
40 #endif /* not lint */
41 
42 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
43 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
44 
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/file.h>
47 #include <sys/socket.h>
48 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
49 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
50 #include <sys/types.h>
51 
52 #include <net/if.h>
53 #include <net/route.h>
54 #include <net/if_dl.h>
55 #include <netinet/in.h>
56 #include <netinet/if_ether.h>
57 #include <netatalk/at.h>
58 #include <arpa/inet.h>
59 #include <netdb.h>
60 
61 #include <ctype.h>
62 #include <err.h>
63 #include <errno.h>
64 #include <paths.h>
65 #include <stdio.h>
66 #include <stdlib.h>
67 #include <string.h>
68 #include <sysexits.h>
69 #include <unistd.h>
70 #include <ifaddrs.h>
71 
72 struct keytab {
73 	const char	*kt_cp;
74 	int	kt_i;
75 } keywords[] = {
76 #include "keywords.h"
77 	{0, 0}
78 };
79 
80 struct	ortentry route;
81 union	sockunion {
82 	struct	sockaddr sa;
83 	struct	sockaddr_in sin;
84 #ifdef INET6
85 	struct	sockaddr_in6 sin6;
86 #endif
87 	struct	sockaddr_at sat;
88 	struct	sockaddr_dl sdl;
89 	struct	sockaddr_inarp sinarp;
90 	struct	sockaddr_storage ss; /* added to avoid memory overrun */
91 } so_dst, so_gate, so_mask, so_genmask, so_ifa, so_ifp;
92 
93 typedef union sockunion *sup;
94 int	pid, rtm_addrs;
95 int	s;
96 int	forcehost, forcenet, doflush, nflag, af, qflag, tflag;
97 int	iflag, verbose, aflen = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in);
98 int	locking, lockrest, debugonly;
99 struct	rt_metrics rt_metrics;
100 u_long  rtm_inits;
101 uid_t	uid;
102 
103 static int	atalk_aton(const char *, struct at_addr *);
104 static char	*atalk_ntoa(struct at_addr);
105 static void	bprintf(FILE *, int, u_char *);
106 static void	flushroutes(int argc, char *argv[]);
107 static int	getaddr(int, char *, struct hostent **);
108 static int	keyword(const char *);
109 static void	inet_makenetandmask(u_long, struct sockaddr_in *, u_long);
110 #ifdef INET6
111 static int inet6_makenetandmask(struct sockaddr_in6 *, const char *);
112 #endif
113 static void	interfaces(void);
114 static void	mask_addr(void);
115 static void	monitor(void);
116 static const char	*netname(struct sockaddr *);
117 static void	newroute(int, char **);
118 static void	pmsg_addrs(char *, int, size_t);
119 static void	pmsg_common(struct rt_msghdr *, size_t);
120 static int	prefixlen(const char *);
121 static void	print_getmsg(struct rt_msghdr *, int);
122 static void	print_rtmsg(struct rt_msghdr *, size_t);
123 static const char	*routename(struct sockaddr *);
124 static int	rtmsg(int, int);
125 static void	set_metric(char *, int);
126 static void	sockaddr(char *, struct sockaddr *);
127 static void	sodump(sup, const char *);
128 extern	char *iso_ntoa(void);
129 
130 static void usage(const char *) __dead2;
131 
132 void
133 usage(const char *cp)
134 {
135 	if (cp != NULL)
136 		warnx("bad keyword: %s", cp);
137 	(void) fprintf(stderr,
138 	    "usage: route [-dnqtv] command [[modifiers] args]\n");
139 	exit(EX_USAGE);
140 	/* NOTREACHED */
141 }
142 
143 int
144 main(int argc, char **argv)
145 {
146 	int ch;
147 
148 	if (argc < 2)
149 		usage(NULL);
150 
151 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "nqdtv")) != -1)
152 		switch(ch) {
153 		case 'n':
154 			nflag = 1;
155 			break;
156 		case 'q':
157 			qflag = 1;
158 			break;
159 		case 'v':
160 			verbose = 1;
161 			break;
162 		case 't':
163 			tflag = 1;
164 			break;
165 		case 'd':
166 			debugonly = 1;
167 			break;
168 		case '?':
169 		default:
170 			usage(NULL);
171 		}
172 	argc -= optind;
173 	argv += optind;
174 
175 	pid = getpid();
176 	uid = geteuid();
177 	if (tflag)
178 		s = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_WRONLY, 0);
179 	else
180 		s = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, 0);
181 	if (s < 0)
182 		err(EX_OSERR, "socket");
183 	if (*argv != NULL)
184 		switch (keyword(*argv)) {
185 		case K_GET:
186 		case K_SHOW:
187 			uid = 0;
188 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
189 
190 		case K_CHANGE:
191 		case K_ADD:
192 		case K_DEL:
193 		case K_DELETE:
194 			newroute(argc, argv);
195 			/* NOTREACHED */
196 
197 		case K_MONITOR:
198 			monitor();
199 			/* NOTREACHED */
200 
201 		case K_FLUSH:
202 			flushroutes(argc, argv);
203 			exit(0);
204 			/* NOTREACHED */
205 		}
206 	usage(*argv);
207 	/* NOTREACHED */
208 }
209 
210 /*
211  * Purge all entries in the routing tables not
212  * associated with network interfaces.
213  */
214 static void
215 flushroutes(int argc, char *argv[])
216 {
217 	size_t needed;
218 	int mib[6], rlen, seqno, count = 0;
219 	char *buf, *next, *lim;
220 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
221 
222 	if (uid != 0 && !debugonly) {
223 		errx(EX_NOPERM, "must be root to alter routing table");
224 	}
225 	shutdown(s, SHUT_RD); /* Don't want to read back our messages */
226 	if (argc > 1) {
227 		argv++;
228 		if (argc == 2 && **argv == '-')
229 		    switch (keyword(*argv + 1)) {
230 			case K_INET:
231 				af = AF_INET;
232 				break;
233 #ifdef INET6
234 			case K_INET6:
235 				af = AF_INET6;
236 				break;
237 #endif
238 			case K_ATALK:
239 				af = AF_APPLETALK;
240 				break;
241 			case K_LINK:
242 				af = AF_LINK;
243 				break;
244 			default:
245 				goto bad;
246 		} else
247 bad:			usage(*argv);
248 	}
249 retry:
250 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
251 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
252 	mib[2] = 0;		/* protocol */
253 	mib[3] = 0;		/* wildcard address family */
254 	mib[4] = NET_RT_DUMP;
255 	mib[5] = 0;		/* no flags */
256 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
257 		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-estimate");
258 	if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL)
259 		errx(EX_OSERR, "malloc failed");
260 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
261 		if (errno == ENOMEM && count++ < 10) {
262 			warnx("Routing table grew, retrying");
263 			sleep(1);
264 			free(buf);
265 			goto retry;
266 		}
267 		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-get");
268 	}
269 	lim = buf + needed;
270 	if (verbose)
271 		(void) printf("Examining routing table from sysctl\n");
272 	seqno = 0;		/* ??? */
273 	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
274 		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
275 		if (verbose)
276 			print_rtmsg(rtm, rtm->rtm_msglen);
277 		if ((rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) == 0)
278 			continue;
279 		if (af != 0) {
280 			struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
281 
282 			if (sa->sa_family != af)
283 				continue;
284 		}
285 		if (debugonly)
286 			continue;
287 		rtm->rtm_type = RTM_DELETE;
288 		rtm->rtm_seq = seqno;
289 		rlen = write(s, next, rtm->rtm_msglen);
290 		if (rlen < 0 && errno == EPERM)
291 			err(1, "write to routing socket");
292 		if (rlen < (int)rtm->rtm_msglen) {
293 			warn("write to routing socket");
294 			(void) printf("got only %d for rlen\n", rlen);
295 			free(buf);
296 			goto retry;
297 			break;
298 		}
299 		seqno++;
300 		if (qflag)
301 			continue;
302 		if (verbose)
303 			print_rtmsg(rtm, rlen);
304 		else {
305 			struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
306 			(void) printf("%-20.20s ", rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_HOST ?
307 			    routename(sa) : netname(sa));
308 			sa = (struct sockaddr *)(SA_SIZE(sa) + (char *)sa);
309 			(void) printf("%-20.20s ", routename(sa));
310 			(void) printf("done\n");
311 		}
312 	}
313 }
314 
315 const char *
316 routename(struct sockaddr *sa)
317 {
318 	const char *cp;
319 	static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
320 	struct hostent *hp;
321 	static char domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
322 	static int first = 1, n;
323 
324 	if (first) {
325 		first = 0;
326 		if (gethostname(domain, MAXHOSTNAMELEN) == 0 &&
327 		    (cp = strchr(domain, '.'))) {
328 			domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN] = '\0';
329 			(void) strcpy(domain, cp + 1);
330 		} else
331 			domain[0] = 0;
332 	}
333 
334 	if (sa->sa_len == 0)
335 		strcpy(line, "default");
336 	else switch (sa->sa_family) {
337 
338 	case AF_INET:
339 	    {	struct in_addr in;
340 		in = ((struct sockaddr_in *)sa)->sin_addr;
341 
342 		cp = NULL;
343 		if (in.s_addr == INADDR_ANY || sa->sa_len < 4)
344 			cp = "default";
345 		if (cp == NULL && !nflag) {
346 			hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&in, sizeof (struct in_addr),
347 				AF_INET);
348 			if (hp != NULL) {
349 				char *cptr;
350 				cptr = strchr(hp->h_name, '.');
351 				if (cptr != NULL &&
352 				    strcmp(cptr + 1, domain) == 0)
353 					*cptr = '\0';
354 				cp = hp->h_name;
355 			}
356 		}
357 		if (cp != NULL) {
358 			strncpy(line, cp, sizeof(line) - 1);
359 			line[sizeof(line) - 1] = '\0';
360 		} else
361 			(void) sprintf(line, "%s", inet_ntoa(in));
362 		break;
363 	    }
364 
365 #ifdef INET6
366 	case AF_INET6:
367 	{
368 		struct sockaddr_in6 sin6; /* use static var for safety */
369 		int niflags = 0;
370 
371 		memset(&sin6, 0, sizeof(sin6));
372 		memcpy(&sin6, sa, sa->sa_len);
373 		sin6.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
374 		sin6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
375 #ifdef __KAME__
376 		if (sa->sa_len == sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6) &&
377 		    (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&sin6.sin6_addr) ||
378 		     IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(&sin6.sin6_addr)) &&
379 		    sin6.sin6_scope_id == 0) {
380 			sin6.sin6_scope_id =
381 			    ntohs(*(u_int16_t *)&sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[2]);
382 			sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] = 0;
383 			sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[3] = 0;
384 		}
385 #endif
386 		if (nflag)
387 			niflags |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
388 		if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&sin6, sin6.sin6_len,
389 		    line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0, niflags) != 0)
390 			strncpy(line, "invalid", sizeof(line));
391 
392 		return(line);
393 	}
394 #endif
395 
396 	case AF_APPLETALK:
397 		(void) snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "atalk %s",
398 			atalk_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_at *)sa)->sat_addr));
399 		break;
400 
401 	case AF_LINK:
402 		return (link_ntoa((struct sockaddr_dl *)sa));
403 
404 	default:
405 	    {
406 		u_short *sp = (u_short *)sa;
407 		u_short *splim = sp + ((sa->sa_len + 1) >> 1);
408 		char *cps = line + sprintf(line, "(%d)", sa->sa_family);
409 		char *cpe = line + sizeof(line);
410 
411 		while (++sp < splim && cps < cpe) /* start with sa->sa_data */
412 			if ((n = snprintf(cps, cpe - cps, " %x", *sp)) > 0)
413 				cps += n;
414 			else
415 				*cps = '\0';
416 		break;
417 	    }
418 	}
419 	return (line);
420 }
421 
422 /*
423  * Return the name of the network whose address is given.
424  * The address is assumed to be that of a net or subnet, not a host.
425  */
426 const char *
427 netname(struct sockaddr *sa)
428 {
429 	const char *cp = NULL;
430 	static char line[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
431 	struct netent *np = NULL;
432 	u_long net, mask;
433 	u_long i;
434 	int n, subnetshift;
435 
436 	switch (sa->sa_family) {
437 
438 	case AF_INET:
439 	    {	struct in_addr in;
440 		in = ((struct sockaddr_in *)sa)->sin_addr;
441 
442 		i = in.s_addr = ntohl(in.s_addr);
443 		if (in.s_addr == 0)
444 			cp = "default";
445 		else if (!nflag) {
446 			if (IN_CLASSA(i)) {
447 				mask = IN_CLASSA_NET;
448 				subnetshift = 8;
449 			} else if (IN_CLASSB(i)) {
450 				mask = IN_CLASSB_NET;
451 				subnetshift = 8;
452 			} else {
453 				mask = IN_CLASSC_NET;
454 				subnetshift = 4;
455 			}
456 			/*
457 			 * If there are more bits than the standard mask
458 			 * would suggest, subnets must be in use.
459 			 * Guess at the subnet mask, assuming reasonable
460 			 * width subnet fields.
461 			 */
462 			while (in.s_addr &~ mask)
463 				mask = (long)mask >> subnetshift;
464 			net = in.s_addr & mask;
465 			while ((mask & 1) == 0)
466 				mask >>= 1, net >>= 1;
467 			np = getnetbyaddr(net, AF_INET);
468 			if (np != NULL)
469 				cp = np->n_name;
470 		}
471 #define C(x)	(unsigned)((x) & 0xff)
472 		if (cp != NULL)
473 			strncpy(line, cp, sizeof(line));
474 		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xffffff) == 0)
475 			(void) sprintf(line, "%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24));
476 		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xffff) == 0)
477 			(void) sprintf(line, "%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
478 			    C(in.s_addr >> 16));
479 		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xff) == 0)
480 			(void) sprintf(line, "%u.%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
481 			    C(in.s_addr >> 16), C(in.s_addr >> 8));
482 		else
483 			(void) sprintf(line, "%u.%u.%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
484 			    C(in.s_addr >> 16), C(in.s_addr >> 8),
485 			    C(in.s_addr));
486 #undef C
487 		break;
488 	    }
489 
490 #ifdef INET6
491 	case AF_INET6:
492 	{
493 		struct sockaddr_in6 sin6; /* use static var for safety */
494 		int niflags = 0;
495 
496 		memset(&sin6, 0, sizeof(sin6));
497 		memcpy(&sin6, sa, sa->sa_len);
498 		sin6.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
499 		sin6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
500 #ifdef __KAME__
501 		if (sa->sa_len == sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6) &&
502 		    (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&sin6.sin6_addr) ||
503 		     IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(&sin6.sin6_addr)) &&
504 		    sin6.sin6_scope_id == 0) {
505 			sin6.sin6_scope_id =
506 			    ntohs(*(u_int16_t *)&sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[2]);
507 			sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] = 0;
508 			sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[3] = 0;
509 		}
510 #endif
511 		if (nflag)
512 			niflags |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
513 		if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&sin6, sin6.sin6_len,
514 		    line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0, niflags) != 0)
515 			strncpy(line, "invalid", sizeof(line));
516 
517 		return(line);
518 	}
519 #endif
520 
521 	case AF_APPLETALK:
522 		(void) snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "atalk %s",
523 			atalk_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_at *)sa)->sat_addr));
524 		break;
525 
526 	case AF_LINK:
527 		return (link_ntoa((struct sockaddr_dl *)sa));
528 
529 
530 	default:
531 	    {
532 		u_short *sp = (u_short *)sa->sa_data;
533 		u_short *splim = sp + ((sa->sa_len + 1)>>1);
534 		char *cps = line + sprintf(line, "af %d:", sa->sa_family);
535 		char *cpe = line + sizeof(line);
536 
537 		while (sp < splim && cps < cpe)
538 			if ((n = snprintf(cps, cpe - cps, " %x", *sp++)) > 0)
539 				cps += n;
540 			else
541 				*cps = '\0';
542 		break;
543 	    }
544 	}
545 	return (line);
546 }
547 
548 static void
549 set_metric(char *value, int key)
550 {
551 	int flag = 0;
552 	u_long noval, *valp = &noval;
553 
554 	switch (key) {
555 #define caseof(x, y, z)	case x: valp = &rt_metrics.z; flag = y; break
556 	caseof(K_MTU, RTV_MTU, rmx_mtu);
557 	caseof(K_HOPCOUNT, RTV_HOPCOUNT, rmx_hopcount);
558 	caseof(K_EXPIRE, RTV_EXPIRE, rmx_expire);
559 	caseof(K_RECVPIPE, RTV_RPIPE, rmx_recvpipe);
560 	caseof(K_SENDPIPE, RTV_SPIPE, rmx_sendpipe);
561 	caseof(K_SSTHRESH, RTV_SSTHRESH, rmx_ssthresh);
562 	caseof(K_RTT, RTV_RTT, rmx_rtt);
563 	caseof(K_RTTVAR, RTV_RTTVAR, rmx_rttvar);
564 	caseof(K_WEIGHT, RTV_WEIGHT, rmx_weight);
565 	}
566 	rtm_inits |= flag;
567 	if (lockrest || locking)
568 		rt_metrics.rmx_locks |= flag;
569 	if (locking)
570 		locking = 0;
571 	*valp = atoi(value);
572 }
573 
574 static void
575 newroute(int argc, char **argv)
576 {
577 	char *cmd;
578 	const char *dest = "", *gateway = "", *errmsg;
579 	int ishost = 0, proxy = 0, ret, attempts, oerrno, flags = RTF_STATIC;
580 	int key;
581 	struct hostent *hp = 0;
582 
583 	if (uid != 0) {
584 		errx(EX_NOPERM, "must be root to alter routing table");
585 	}
586 	cmd = argv[0];
587 	if (*cmd != 'g' && *cmd != 's')
588 		shutdown(s, SHUT_RD); /* Don't want to read back our messages */
589 
590 	while (--argc > 0) {
591 		if (**(++argv)== '-') {
592 			switch (key = keyword(1 + *argv)) {
593 			case K_LINK:
594 				af = AF_LINK;
595 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
596 				break;
597 			case K_INET:
598 				af = AF_INET;
599 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
600 				break;
601 #ifdef INET6
602 			case K_INET6:
603 				af = AF_INET6;
604 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
605 				break;
606 #endif
607 			case K_ATALK:
608 				af = AF_APPLETALK;
609 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_at);
610 				break;
611 			case K_SA:
612 				af = PF_ROUTE;
613 				aflen = sizeof(union sockunion);
614 				break;
615 			case K_IFACE:
616 			case K_INTERFACE:
617 				iflag++;
618 				break;
619 			case K_NOSTATIC:
620 				flags &= ~RTF_STATIC;
621 				break;
622 			case K_LOCK:
623 				locking = 1;
624 				break;
625 			case K_LOCKREST:
626 				lockrest = 1;
627 				break;
628 			case K_HOST:
629 				forcehost++;
630 				break;
631 			case K_REJECT:
632 				flags |= RTF_REJECT;
633 				break;
634 			case K_BLACKHOLE:
635 				flags |= RTF_BLACKHOLE;
636 				break;
637 			case K_PROTO1:
638 				flags |= RTF_PROTO1;
639 				break;
640 			case K_PROTO2:
641 				flags |= RTF_PROTO2;
642 				break;
643 			case K_PROXY:
644 				proxy = 1;
645 				break;
646 			case K_XRESOLVE:
647 				flags |= RTF_XRESOLVE;
648 				break;
649 			case K_STATIC:
650 				flags |= RTF_STATIC;
651 				break;
652 			case K_STICKY:
653 				flags |= RTF_STICKY;
654 				break;
655 			case K_NOSTICK:
656 				flags &= ~RTF_STICKY;
657 				break;
658 			case K_IFA:
659 				if (!--argc)
660 					usage(NULL);
661 				(void) getaddr(RTA_IFA, *++argv, 0);
662 				break;
663 			case K_IFP:
664 				if (!--argc)
665 					usage(NULL);
666 				(void) getaddr(RTA_IFP, *++argv, 0);
667 				break;
668 			case K_GENMASK:
669 				if (!--argc)
670 					usage(NULL);
671 				(void) getaddr(RTA_GENMASK, *++argv, 0);
672 				break;
673 			case K_GATEWAY:
674 				if (!--argc)
675 					usage(NULL);
676 				(void) getaddr(RTA_GATEWAY, *++argv, 0);
677 				break;
678 			case K_DST:
679 				if (!--argc)
680 					usage(NULL);
681 				ishost = getaddr(RTA_DST, *++argv, &hp);
682 				dest = *argv;
683 				break;
684 			case K_NETMASK:
685 				if (!--argc)
686 					usage(NULL);
687 				(void) getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, *++argv, 0);
688 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
689 			case K_NET:
690 				forcenet++;
691 				break;
692 			case K_PREFIXLEN:
693 				if (!--argc)
694 					usage(NULL);
695 				if (prefixlen(*++argv) == -1) {
696 					forcenet = 0;
697 					ishost = 1;
698 				} else {
699 					forcenet = 1;
700 					ishost = 0;
701 				}
702 				break;
703 			case K_MTU:
704 			case K_HOPCOUNT:
705 			case K_EXPIRE:
706 			case K_RECVPIPE:
707 			case K_SENDPIPE:
708 			case K_SSTHRESH:
709 			case K_RTT:
710 			case K_RTTVAR:
711 			case K_WEIGHT:
712 				if (!--argc)
713 					usage(NULL);
714 				set_metric(*++argv, key);
715 				break;
716 			default:
717 				usage(1+*argv);
718 			}
719 		} else {
720 			if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_DST) == 0) {
721 				dest = *argv;
722 				ishost = getaddr(RTA_DST, *argv, &hp);
723 			} else if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_GATEWAY) == 0) {
724 				gateway = *argv;
725 				(void) getaddr(RTA_GATEWAY, *argv, &hp);
726 			} else {
727 				(void) getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, *argv, 0);
728 				forcenet = 1;
729 			}
730 		}
731 	}
732 	if (forcehost) {
733 		ishost = 1;
734 #ifdef INET6
735 		if (af == AF_INET6) {
736 			rtm_addrs &= ~RTA_NETMASK;
737 			memset((void *)&so_mask, 0, sizeof(so_mask));
738 		}
739 #endif
740 	}
741 	if (forcenet)
742 		ishost = 0;
743 	flags |= RTF_UP;
744 	if (ishost)
745 		flags |= RTF_HOST;
746 	if (iflag == 0)
747 		flags |= RTF_GATEWAY;
748 	if (proxy) {
749 		so_dst.sinarp.sin_other = SIN_PROXY;
750 		flags |= RTF_ANNOUNCE;
751 	}
752 	for (attempts = 1; ; attempts++) {
753 		errno = 0;
754 		if ((ret = rtmsg(*cmd, flags)) == 0)
755 			break;
756 		if (errno != ENETUNREACH && errno != ESRCH)
757 			break;
758 		if (af == AF_INET && *gateway != '\0' &&
759 		    hp != NULL && hp->h_addr_list[1] != NULL) {
760 			hp->h_addr_list++;
761 			memmove(&so_gate.sin.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0],
762 			    MIN((size_t)hp->h_length,
763 			    sizeof(so_gate.sin.sin_addr)));
764 		} else
765 			break;
766 	}
767 	if (*cmd == 'g' || *cmd == 's')
768 		exit(ret != 0);
769 	if (!qflag) {
770 		oerrno = errno;
771 		(void) printf("%s %s %s", cmd, ishost? "host" : "net", dest);
772 		if (*gateway) {
773 			(void) printf(": gateway %s", gateway);
774 			if (attempts > 1 && ret == 0 && af == AF_INET)
775 			    (void) printf(" (%s)",
776 				inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)&route.rt_gateway)->sin_addr));
777 		}
778 		if (ret == 0) {
779 			(void) printf("\n");
780 		} else {
781 			switch (oerrno) {
782 			case ESRCH:
783 				errmsg = "not in table";
784 				break;
785 			case EBUSY:
786 				errmsg = "entry in use";
787 				break;
788 			case ENOBUFS:
789 				errmsg = "not enough memory";
790 				break;
791 			case EADDRINUSE:
792 				/* handle recursion avoidance in rt_setgate() */
793 				errmsg = "gateway uses the same route";
794 				break;
795 			case EEXIST:
796 				errmsg = "route already in table";
797 				break;
798 			default:
799 				errmsg = strerror(oerrno);
800 				break;
801 			}
802 			(void) printf(": %s\n", errmsg);
803 		}
804 	}
805 	exit(ret != 0);
806 }
807 
808 static void
809 inet_makenetandmask(u_long net, struct sockaddr_in *sin, u_long bits)
810 {
811 	u_long addr, mask = 0;
812 	char *cp;
813 
814 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
815 	/*
816 	 * XXX: This approach unable to handle 0.0.0.1/32 correctly
817 	 * as inet_network() converts 0.0.0.1 and 1 equally.
818 	 */
819 	if (net <= 0xff)
820 		addr = net << IN_CLASSA_NSHIFT;
821 	else if (net <= 0xffff)
822 		addr = net << IN_CLASSB_NSHIFT;
823 	else if (net <= 0xffffff)
824 		addr = net << IN_CLASSC_NSHIFT;
825 	else
826 		addr = net;
827 	/*
828 	 * If no /xx was specified we must calculate the
829 	 * CIDR address.
830 	 */
831 	if ((bits == 0)  && (addr != 0)) {
832 		u_long i, j;
833 		for(i=0,j=0xff; i<4; i++)  {
834 			if (addr & j) {
835 				break;
836 			}
837 			j <<= 8;
838 		}
839 		/* i holds the first non zero bit */
840 		bits = 32 - (i*8);
841 	}
842 	if (bits != 0)
843 		mask = 0xffffffff << (32 - bits);
844 
845 	sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(addr);
846 	sin = &so_mask.sin;
847 	sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(mask);
848 	sin->sin_len = 0;
849 	sin->sin_family = 0;
850 	cp = (char *)(&sin->sin_addr + 1);
851 	while (*--cp == 0 && cp > (char *)sin)
852 		;
853 	sin->sin_len = 1 + cp - (char *)sin;
854 }
855 
856 #ifdef INET6
857 /*
858  * XXX the function may need more improvement...
859  */
860 static int
861 inet6_makenetandmask(struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6, const char *plen)
862 {
863 	struct in6_addr in6;
864 
865 	if (plen == NULL) {
866 		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&sin6->sin6_addr) &&
867 		    sin6->sin6_scope_id == 0) {
868 			plen = "0";
869 		} else if ((sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[0] & 0xe0) == 0x20) {
870 			/* aggregatable global unicast - RFC2374 */
871 			memset(&in6, 0, sizeof(in6));
872 			if (!memcmp(&sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[8],
873 				    &in6.s6_addr[8], 8))
874 				plen = "64";
875 		}
876 	}
877 
878 	if (plen == NULL || strcmp(plen, "128") == 0)
879 		return (1);
880 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
881 	prefixlen(plen);
882 	return (0);
883 }
884 #endif
885 
886 /*
887  * Interpret an argument as a network address of some kind,
888  * returning 1 if a host address, 0 if a network address.
889  */
890 static int
891 getaddr(int which, char *str, struct hostent **hpp)
892 {
893 	sup su;
894 	struct hostent *hp;
895 	struct netent *np;
896 	u_long val;
897 	char *q;
898 	int afamily;  /* local copy of af so we can change it */
899 
900 	if (af == 0) {
901 		af = AF_INET;
902 		aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
903 	}
904 	afamily = af;
905 	rtm_addrs |= which;
906 	switch (which) {
907 	case RTA_DST:
908 		su = &so_dst;
909 		break;
910 	case RTA_GATEWAY:
911 		su = &so_gate;
912 		if (iflag) {
913 			struct ifaddrs *ifap, *ifa;
914 			struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = NULL;
915 
916 			if (getifaddrs(&ifap))
917 				err(1, "getifaddrs");
918 
919 			for (ifa = ifap; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
920 				if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_LINK)
921 					continue;
922 
923 				if (strcmp(str, ifa->ifa_name) != 0)
924 					continue;
925 
926 				sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)ifa->ifa_addr;
927 			}
928 			/* If we found it, then use it */
929 			if (sdl != NULL) {
930 				/*
931 				 * Copy is safe since we have a
932 				 * sockaddr_storage member in sockunion{}.
933 				 * Note that we need to copy before calling
934 				 * freeifaddrs().
935 				 */
936 				memcpy(&su->sdl, sdl, sdl->sdl_len);
937 			}
938 			freeifaddrs(ifap);
939 			if (sdl != NULL)
940 				return(1);
941 		}
942 		break;
943 	case RTA_NETMASK:
944 		su = &so_mask;
945 		break;
946 	case RTA_GENMASK:
947 		su = &so_genmask;
948 		break;
949 	case RTA_IFP:
950 		su = &so_ifp;
951 		afamily = AF_LINK;
952 		break;
953 	case RTA_IFA:
954 		su = &so_ifa;
955 		break;
956 	default:
957 		usage("internal error");
958 		/*NOTREACHED*/
959 	}
960 	su->sa.sa_len = aflen;
961 	su->sa.sa_family = afamily; /* cases that don't want it have left already */
962 	if (strcmp(str, "default") == 0) {
963 		/*
964 		 * Default is net 0.0.0.0/0
965 		 */
966 		switch (which) {
967 		case RTA_DST:
968 			forcenet++;
969 #if 0
970 			bzero(su, sizeof(*su));	/* for readability */
971 #endif
972 			getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, str, 0);
973 			break;
974 #if 0
975 		case RTA_NETMASK:
976 		case RTA_GENMASK:
977 			bzero(su, sizeof(*su));	/* for readability */
978 #endif
979 		}
980 		return (0);
981 	}
982 	switch (afamily) {
983 #ifdef INET6
984 	case AF_INET6:
985 	{
986 		struct addrinfo hints, *res;
987 		int ecode;
988 
989 		q = NULL;
990 		if (which == RTA_DST && (q = strchr(str, '/')) != NULL)
991 			*q = '\0';
992 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
993 		hints.ai_family = afamily;	/*AF_INET6*/
994 		hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;		/*dummy*/
995 		ecode = getaddrinfo(str, NULL, &hints, &res);
996 		if (ecode != 0 || res->ai_family != AF_INET6 ||
997 		    res->ai_addrlen != sizeof(su->sin6)) {
998 			(void) fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", str,
999 			    gai_strerror(ecode));
1000 			exit(1);
1001 		}
1002 		memcpy(&su->sin6, res->ai_addr, sizeof(su->sin6));
1003 #ifdef __KAME__
1004 		if ((IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&su->sin6.sin6_addr) ||
1005 		     IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(&su->sin6.sin6_addr)) &&
1006 		    su->sin6.sin6_scope_id) {
1007 			*(u_int16_t *)&su->sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] =
1008 				htons(su->sin6.sin6_scope_id);
1009 			su->sin6.sin6_scope_id = 0;
1010 		}
1011 #endif
1012 		freeaddrinfo(res);
1013 		if (q != NULL)
1014 			*q++ = '/';
1015 		if (which == RTA_DST)
1016 			return (inet6_makenetandmask(&su->sin6, q));
1017 		return (0);
1018 	}
1019 #endif /* INET6 */
1020 
1021 	case AF_APPLETALK:
1022 		if (!atalk_aton(str, &su->sat.sat_addr))
1023 			errx(EX_NOHOST, "bad address: %s", str);
1024 		rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1025 		return(forcehost || su->sat.sat_addr.s_node != 0);
1026 
1027 	case AF_LINK:
1028 		link_addr(str, &su->sdl);
1029 		return (1);
1030 
1031 
1032 	case PF_ROUTE:
1033 		su->sa.sa_len = sizeof(*su);
1034 		sockaddr(str, &su->sa);
1035 		return (1);
1036 
1037 	case AF_INET:
1038 	default:
1039 		break;
1040 	}
1041 
1042 	if (hpp == NULL)
1043 		hpp = &hp;
1044 	*hpp = NULL;
1045 
1046 	q = strchr(str,'/');
1047 	if (q != NULL && which == RTA_DST) {
1048 		*q = '\0';
1049 		if ((val = inet_network(str)) != INADDR_NONE) {
1050 			inet_makenetandmask(
1051 				val, &su->sin, strtoul(q+1, 0, 0));
1052 			return (0);
1053 		}
1054 		*q = '/';
1055 	}
1056 	if ((which != RTA_DST || forcenet == 0) &&
1057 	    inet_aton(str, &su->sin.sin_addr)) {
1058 		val = su->sin.sin_addr.s_addr;
1059 		if (which != RTA_DST || forcehost ||
1060 		    inet_lnaof(su->sin.sin_addr) != INADDR_ANY)
1061 			return (1);
1062 		else {
1063 			val = ntohl(val);
1064 			goto netdone;
1065 		}
1066 	}
1067 	if (which == RTA_DST && forcehost == 0 &&
1068 	    ((val = inet_network(str)) != INADDR_NONE ||
1069 	    ((np = getnetbyname(str)) != NULL && (val = np->n_net) != 0))) {
1070 netdone:
1071 		inet_makenetandmask(val, &su->sin, 0);
1072 		return (0);
1073 	}
1074 	hp = gethostbyname(str);
1075 	if (hp != NULL) {
1076 		*hpp = hp;
1077 		su->sin.sin_family = hp->h_addrtype;
1078 		memmove((char *)&su->sin.sin_addr, hp->h_addr,
1079 		    MIN((size_t)hp->h_length, sizeof(su->sin.sin_addr)));
1080 		return (1);
1081 	}
1082 	errx(EX_NOHOST, "bad address: %s", str);
1083 }
1084 
1085 static int
1086 prefixlen(const char *str)
1087 {
1088 	int len = atoi(str), q, r;
1089 	int max;
1090 	char *p;
1091 
1092 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1093 	switch (af) {
1094 #ifdef INET6
1095 	case AF_INET6:
1096 		max = 128;
1097 		p = (char *)&so_mask.sin6.sin6_addr;
1098 		break;
1099 #endif
1100 	case AF_INET:
1101 		max = 32;
1102 		p = (char *)&so_mask.sin.sin_addr;
1103 		break;
1104 	default:
1105 		fprintf(stderr, "prefixlen not supported in this af\n");
1106 		exit(1);
1107 	}
1108 
1109 	if (len < 0 || max < len) {
1110 		fprintf(stderr, "%s: bad value\n", str);
1111 		exit(1);
1112 	}
1113 
1114 	q = len >> 3;
1115 	r = len & 7;
1116 	so_mask.sa.sa_family = af;
1117 	so_mask.sa.sa_len = aflen;
1118 	memset((void *)p, 0, max / 8);
1119 	if (q > 0)
1120 		memset((void *)p, 0xff, q);
1121 	if (r > 0)
1122 		*((u_char *)p + q) = (0xff00 >> r) & 0xff;
1123 	if (len == max)
1124 		return (-1);
1125 	else
1126 		return (len);
1127 }
1128 
1129 static void
1130 interfaces(void)
1131 {
1132 	size_t needed;
1133 	int mib[6];
1134 	char *buf, *lim, *next, count = 0;
1135 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
1136 
1137 retry2:
1138 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
1139 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
1140 	mib[2] = 0;		/* protocol */
1141 	mib[3] = 0;		/* wildcard address family */
1142 	mib[4] = NET_RT_IFLIST;
1143 	mib[5] = 0;		/* no flags */
1144 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
1145 		err(EX_OSERR, "route-sysctl-estimate");
1146 	if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL)
1147 		errx(EX_OSERR, "malloc failed");
1148 	if (sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
1149 		if (errno == ENOMEM && count++ < 10) {
1150 			warnx("Routing table grew, retrying");
1151 			sleep(1);
1152 			free(buf);
1153 			goto retry2;
1154 		}
1155 		err(EX_OSERR, "actual retrieval of interface table");
1156 	}
1157 	lim = buf + needed;
1158 	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
1159 		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
1160 		print_rtmsg(rtm, rtm->rtm_msglen);
1161 	}
1162 }
1163 
1164 static void
1165 monitor(void)
1166 {
1167 	int n;
1168 	char msg[2048];
1169 
1170 	verbose = 1;
1171 	if (debugonly) {
1172 		interfaces();
1173 		exit(0);
1174 	}
1175 	for (;;) {
1176 		time_t now;
1177 		n = read(s, msg, 2048);
1178 		now = time(NULL);
1179 		(void) printf("\ngot message of size %d on %s", n, ctime(&now));
1180 		print_rtmsg((struct rt_msghdr *)msg, n);
1181 	}
1182 }
1183 
1184 struct {
1185 	struct	rt_msghdr m_rtm;
1186 	char	m_space[512];
1187 } m_rtmsg;
1188 
1189 static int
1190 rtmsg(int cmd, int flags)
1191 {
1192 	static int seq;
1193 	int rlen;
1194 	char *cp = m_rtmsg.m_space;
1195 	int l;
1196 
1197 #define NEXTADDR(w, u) \
1198 	if (rtm_addrs & (w)) {\
1199 	    l = SA_SIZE(&(u.sa)); memmove(cp, &(u), l); cp += l;\
1200 	    if (verbose) sodump(&(u),#u);\
1201 	}
1202 
1203 	errno = 0;
1204 	memset(&m_rtmsg, 0, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
1205 	if (cmd == 'a')
1206 		cmd = RTM_ADD;
1207 	else if (cmd == 'c')
1208 		cmd = RTM_CHANGE;
1209 	else if (cmd == 'g' || cmd == 's') {
1210 		cmd = RTM_GET;
1211 		if (so_ifp.sa.sa_family == 0) {
1212 			so_ifp.sa.sa_family = AF_LINK;
1213 			so_ifp.sa.sa_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
1214 			rtm_addrs |= RTA_IFP;
1215 		}
1216 	} else
1217 		cmd = RTM_DELETE;
1218 #define rtm m_rtmsg.m_rtm
1219 	rtm.rtm_type = cmd;
1220 	rtm.rtm_flags = flags;
1221 	rtm.rtm_version = RTM_VERSION;
1222 	rtm.rtm_seq = ++seq;
1223 	rtm.rtm_addrs = rtm_addrs;
1224 	rtm.rtm_rmx = rt_metrics;
1225 	rtm.rtm_inits = rtm_inits;
1226 
1227 	if (rtm_addrs & RTA_NETMASK)
1228 		mask_addr();
1229 	NEXTADDR(RTA_DST, so_dst);
1230 	NEXTADDR(RTA_GATEWAY, so_gate);
1231 	NEXTADDR(RTA_NETMASK, so_mask);
1232 	NEXTADDR(RTA_GENMASK, so_genmask);
1233 	NEXTADDR(RTA_IFP, so_ifp);
1234 	NEXTADDR(RTA_IFA, so_ifa);
1235 	rtm.rtm_msglen = l = cp - (char *)&m_rtmsg;
1236 	if (verbose)
1237 		print_rtmsg(&rtm, l);
1238 	if (debugonly)
1239 		return (0);
1240 	if ((rlen = write(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, l)) < 0) {
1241 		if (errno == EPERM)
1242 			err(1, "writing to routing socket");
1243 		warn("writing to routing socket");
1244 		return (-1);
1245 	}
1246 	if (cmd == RTM_GET) {
1247 		do {
1248 			l = read(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
1249 		} while (l > 0 && (rtm.rtm_seq != seq || rtm.rtm_pid != pid));
1250 		if (l < 0)
1251 			warn("read from routing socket");
1252 		else
1253 			print_getmsg(&rtm, l);
1254 	}
1255 #undef rtm
1256 	return (0);
1257 }
1258 
1259 static void
1260 mask_addr(void)
1261 {
1262 	int olen = so_mask.sa.sa_len;
1263 	char *cp1 = olen + (char *)&so_mask, *cp2;
1264 
1265 	for (so_mask.sa.sa_len = 0; cp1 > (char *)&so_mask; )
1266 		if (*--cp1 != 0) {
1267 			so_mask.sa.sa_len = 1 + cp1 - (char *)&so_mask;
1268 			break;
1269 		}
1270 	if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_DST) == 0)
1271 		return;
1272 	switch (so_dst.sa.sa_family) {
1273 	case AF_INET:
1274 #ifdef INET6
1275 	case AF_INET6:
1276 #endif
1277 	case AF_APPLETALK:
1278 	case 0:
1279 		return;
1280 	}
1281 	cp1 = so_mask.sa.sa_len + 1 + (char *)&so_dst;
1282 	cp2 = so_dst.sa.sa_len + 1 + (char *)&so_dst;
1283 	while (cp2 > cp1)
1284 		*--cp2 = 0;
1285 	cp2 = so_mask.sa.sa_len + 1 + (char *)&so_mask;
1286 	while (cp1 > so_dst.sa.sa_data)
1287 		*--cp1 &= *--cp2;
1288 }
1289 
1290 const char *msgtypes[] = {
1291 	"",
1292 	"RTM_ADD: Add Route",
1293 	"RTM_DELETE: Delete Route",
1294 	"RTM_CHANGE: Change Metrics or flags",
1295 	"RTM_GET: Report Metrics",
1296 	"RTM_LOSING: Kernel Suspects Partitioning",
1297 	"RTM_REDIRECT: Told to use different route",
1298 	"RTM_MISS: Lookup failed on this address",
1299 	"RTM_LOCK: fix specified metrics",
1300 	"RTM_OLDADD: caused by SIOCADDRT",
1301 	"RTM_OLDDEL: caused by SIOCDELRT",
1302 	"RTM_RESOLVE: Route created by cloning",
1303 	"RTM_NEWADDR: address being added to iface",
1304 	"RTM_DELADDR: address being removed from iface",
1305 	"RTM_IFINFO: iface status change",
1306 	"RTM_NEWMADDR: new multicast group membership on iface",
1307 	"RTM_DELMADDR: multicast group membership removed from iface",
1308 	"RTM_IFANNOUNCE: interface arrival/departure",
1309 	"RTM_IEEE80211: IEEE 802.11 wireless event",
1310 };
1311 
1312 char metricnames[] =
1313 "\011weight\010rttvar\7rtt\6ssthresh\5sendpipe\4recvpipe\3expire"
1314 "\1mtu";
1315 char routeflags[] =
1316 "\1UP\2GATEWAY\3HOST\4REJECT\5DYNAMIC\6MODIFIED\7DONE"
1317 "\012XRESOLVE\013LLINFO\014STATIC\015BLACKHOLE"
1318 "\017PROTO2\020PROTO1\021PRCLONING\022WASCLONED\023PROTO3"
1319 "\025PINNED\026LOCAL\027BROADCAST\030MULTICAST\035STICKY";
1320 char ifnetflags[] =
1321 "\1UP\2BROADCAST\3DEBUG\4LOOPBACK\5PTP\6b6\7RUNNING\010NOARP"
1322 "\011PPROMISC\012ALLMULTI\013OACTIVE\014SIMPLEX\015LINK0\016LINK1"
1323 "\017LINK2\020MULTICAST";
1324 char addrnames[] =
1325 "\1DST\2GATEWAY\3NETMASK\4GENMASK\5IFP\6IFA\7AUTHOR\010BRD";
1326 
1327 static const char errfmt[] =
1328 "\n%s: truncated route message, only %zu bytes left\n";
1329 
1330 static void
1331 print_rtmsg(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, size_t msglen)
1332 {
1333 	struct if_msghdr *ifm;
1334 	struct ifa_msghdr *ifam;
1335 #ifdef RTM_NEWMADDR
1336 	struct ifma_msghdr *ifmam;
1337 #endif
1338 	struct if_announcemsghdr *ifan;
1339 	const char *state;
1340 
1341 	if (verbose == 0)
1342 		return;
1343 	if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) {
1344 		(void) printf("routing message version %d not understood\n",
1345 		    rtm->rtm_version);
1346 		return;
1347 	}
1348 	if (rtm->rtm_type < sizeof(msgtypes) / sizeof(msgtypes[0]))
1349 		(void)printf("%s: ", msgtypes[rtm->rtm_type]);
1350 	else
1351 		(void)printf("unknown type %d: ", rtm->rtm_type);
1352 	(void)printf("len %d, ", rtm->rtm_msglen);
1353 
1354 #define	REQUIRE(x)	do {		\
1355 	if (msglen < sizeof(x))		\
1356 		goto badlen;		\
1357 	else				\
1358 		msglen -= sizeof(x);	\
1359 	} while (0)
1360 
1361 	switch (rtm->rtm_type) {
1362 	case RTM_IFINFO:
1363 		REQUIRE(struct if_msghdr);
1364 		ifm = (struct if_msghdr *)rtm;
1365 		(void) printf("if# %d, ", ifm->ifm_index);
1366 		switch (ifm->ifm_data.ifi_link_state) {
1367 		case LINK_STATE_DOWN:
1368 			state = "down";
1369 			break;
1370 		case LINK_STATE_UP:
1371 			state = "up";
1372 			break;
1373 		default:
1374 			state = "unknown";
1375 			break;
1376 		}
1377 		(void) printf("link: %s, flags:", state);
1378 		bprintf(stdout, ifm->ifm_flags, ifnetflags);
1379 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifm + 1), ifm->ifm_addrs, msglen);
1380 		break;
1381 	case RTM_NEWADDR:
1382 	case RTM_DELADDR:
1383 		REQUIRE(struct ifa_msghdr);
1384 		ifam = (struct ifa_msghdr *)rtm;
1385 		(void) printf("metric %d, flags:", ifam->ifam_metric);
1386 		bprintf(stdout, ifam->ifam_flags, routeflags);
1387 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifam + 1), ifam->ifam_addrs, msglen);
1388 		break;
1389 #ifdef RTM_NEWMADDR
1390 	case RTM_NEWMADDR:
1391 	case RTM_DELMADDR:
1392 		REQUIRE(struct ifma_msghdr);
1393 		ifmam = (struct ifma_msghdr *)rtm;
1394 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifmam + 1), ifmam->ifmam_addrs, msglen);
1395 		break;
1396 #endif
1397 	case RTM_IFANNOUNCE:
1398 		REQUIRE(struct if_announcemsghdr);
1399 		ifan = (struct if_announcemsghdr *)rtm;
1400 		(void) printf("if# %d, what: ", ifan->ifan_index);
1401 		switch (ifan->ifan_what) {
1402 		case IFAN_ARRIVAL:
1403 			printf("arrival");
1404 			break;
1405 		case IFAN_DEPARTURE:
1406 			printf("departure");
1407 			break;
1408 		default:
1409 			printf("#%d", ifan->ifan_what);
1410 			break;
1411 		}
1412 		printf("\n");
1413 		break;
1414 
1415 	default:
1416 		(void) printf("pid: %ld, seq %d, errno %d, flags:",
1417 			(long)rtm->rtm_pid, rtm->rtm_seq, rtm->rtm_errno);
1418 		bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_flags, routeflags);
1419 		pmsg_common(rtm, msglen);
1420 	}
1421 
1422 	return;
1423 
1424 badlen:
1425 	(void)printf(errfmt, __func__, msglen);
1426 #undef	REQUIRE
1427 }
1428 
1429 static void
1430 print_getmsg(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, int msglen)
1431 {
1432 	struct sockaddr *dst = NULL, *gate = NULL, *mask = NULL;
1433 	struct sockaddr_dl *ifp = NULL;
1434 	struct sockaddr *sa;
1435 	char *cp;
1436 	int i;
1437 
1438 	(void) printf("   route to: %s\n",
1439 	    routename((struct sockaddr *)&so_dst));
1440 	if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) {
1441 		warnx("routing message version %d not understood",
1442 		     rtm->rtm_version);
1443 		return;
1444 	}
1445 	if (rtm->rtm_msglen > msglen) {
1446 		warnx("message length mismatch, in packet %d, returned %d",
1447 		      rtm->rtm_msglen, msglen);
1448 	}
1449 	if (rtm->rtm_errno)  {
1450 		errno = rtm->rtm_errno;
1451 		warn("message indicates error %d", errno);
1452 		return;
1453 	}
1454 	cp = ((char *)(rtm + 1));
1455 	if (rtm->rtm_addrs)
1456 		for (i = 1; i; i <<= 1)
1457 			if (i & rtm->rtm_addrs) {
1458 				sa = (struct sockaddr *)cp;
1459 				switch (i) {
1460 				case RTA_DST:
1461 					dst = sa;
1462 					break;
1463 				case RTA_GATEWAY:
1464 					gate = sa;
1465 					break;
1466 				case RTA_NETMASK:
1467 					mask = sa;
1468 					break;
1469 				case RTA_IFP:
1470 					if (sa->sa_family == AF_LINK &&
1471 					   ((struct sockaddr_dl *)sa)->sdl_nlen)
1472 						ifp = (struct sockaddr_dl *)sa;
1473 					break;
1474 				}
1475 				cp += SA_SIZE(sa);
1476 			}
1477 	if (dst && mask)
1478 		mask->sa_family = dst->sa_family;	/* XXX */
1479 	if (dst)
1480 		(void)printf("destination: %s\n", routename(dst));
1481 	if (mask) {
1482 		int savenflag = nflag;
1483 
1484 		nflag = 1;
1485 		(void)printf("       mask: %s\n", routename(mask));
1486 		nflag = savenflag;
1487 	}
1488 	if (gate && rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY)
1489 		(void)printf("    gateway: %s\n", routename(gate));
1490 	if (ifp)
1491 		(void)printf("  interface: %.*s\n",
1492 		    ifp->sdl_nlen, ifp->sdl_data);
1493 	(void)printf("      flags: ");
1494 	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_flags, routeflags);
1495 
1496 #define lock(f)	((rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_locks & __CONCAT(RTV_,f)) ? 'L' : ' ')
1497 #define msec(u)	(((u) + 500) / 1000)		/* usec to msec */
1498 
1499 	(void) printf("\n%s\n", "\
1500  recvpipe  sendpipe  ssthresh  rtt,msec    mtu        weight    expire");
1501 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_recvpipe, lock(RPIPE));
1502 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_sendpipe, lock(SPIPE));
1503 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_ssthresh, lock(SSTHRESH));
1504 	printf("%8ld%c ", msec(rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_rtt), lock(RTT));
1505 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_mtu, lock(MTU));
1506 	printf("%8ld%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_weight, lock(WEIGHT));
1507 	if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire)
1508 		rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire -= time(0);
1509 	printf("%8ld%c\n", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire, lock(EXPIRE));
1510 #undef lock
1511 #undef msec
1512 #define	RTA_IGN	(RTA_DST|RTA_GATEWAY|RTA_NETMASK|RTA_IFP|RTA_IFA|RTA_BRD)
1513 	if (verbose)
1514 		pmsg_common(rtm, msglen);
1515 	else if (rtm->rtm_addrs &~ RTA_IGN) {
1516 		(void) printf("sockaddrs: ");
1517 		bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_addrs, addrnames);
1518 		putchar('\n');
1519 	}
1520 #undef	RTA_IGN
1521 }
1522 
1523 static void
1524 pmsg_common(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, size_t msglen)
1525 {
1526 	(void) printf("\nlocks: ");
1527 	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_locks, metricnames);
1528 	(void) printf(" inits: ");
1529 	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_inits, metricnames);
1530 	if (msglen > sizeof(struct rt_msghdr))
1531 		pmsg_addrs(((char *)(rtm + 1)), rtm->rtm_addrs,
1532 		    msglen - sizeof(struct rt_msghdr));
1533 	else
1534 		(void) fflush(stdout);
1535 }
1536 
1537 static void
1538 pmsg_addrs(char *cp, int addrs, size_t len)
1539 {
1540 	struct sockaddr *sa;
1541 	int i;
1542 
1543 	if (addrs == 0) {
1544 		(void) putchar('\n');
1545 		return;
1546 	}
1547 	(void) printf("\nsockaddrs: ");
1548 	bprintf(stdout, addrs, addrnames);
1549 	(void) putchar('\n');
1550 	for (i = 1; i != 0; i <<= 1)
1551 		if (i & addrs) {
1552 			sa = (struct sockaddr *)cp;
1553 			if (len == 0 || len < SA_SIZE(sa)) {
1554 				(void) printf(errfmt, __func__, len);
1555 				break;
1556 			}
1557 			(void) printf(" %s", routename(sa));
1558 			len -= SA_SIZE(sa);
1559 			cp += SA_SIZE(sa);
1560 		}
1561 	(void) putchar('\n');
1562 	(void) fflush(stdout);
1563 }
1564 
1565 static void
1566 bprintf(FILE *fp, int b, u_char *str)
1567 {
1568 	int i;
1569 	int gotsome = 0;
1570 
1571 	if (b == 0)
1572 		return;
1573 	while ((i = *str++) != 0) {
1574 		if (b & (1 << (i-1))) {
1575 			if (gotsome == 0)
1576 				i = '<';
1577 			else
1578 				i = ',';
1579 			(void) putc(i, fp);
1580 			gotsome = 1;
1581 			for (; (i = *str) > 32; str++)
1582 				(void) putc(i, fp);
1583 		} else
1584 			while (*str > 32)
1585 				str++;
1586 	}
1587 	if (gotsome)
1588 		(void) putc('>', fp);
1589 }
1590 
1591 int
1592 keyword(const char *cp)
1593 {
1594 	struct keytab *kt = keywords;
1595 
1596 	while (kt->kt_cp != NULL && strcmp(kt->kt_cp, cp) != 0)
1597 		kt++;
1598 	return (kt->kt_i);
1599 }
1600 
1601 static void
1602 sodump(sup su, const char *which)
1603 {
1604 	switch (su->sa.sa_family) {
1605 	case AF_LINK:
1606 		(void) printf("%s: link %s; ",
1607 		    which, link_ntoa(&su->sdl));
1608 		break;
1609 	case AF_INET:
1610 		(void) printf("%s: inet %s; ",
1611 		    which, inet_ntoa(su->sin.sin_addr));
1612 		break;
1613 	case AF_APPLETALK:
1614 		(void) printf("%s: atalk %s; ",
1615 		    which, atalk_ntoa(su->sat.sat_addr));
1616 		break;
1617 	}
1618 	(void) fflush(stdout);
1619 }
1620 
1621 /* States*/
1622 #define VIRGIN	0
1623 #define GOTONE	1
1624 #define GOTTWO	2
1625 /* Inputs */
1626 #define	DIGIT	(4*0)
1627 #define	END	(4*1)
1628 #define DELIM	(4*2)
1629 
1630 static void
1631 sockaddr(char *addr, struct sockaddr *sa)
1632 {
1633 	char *cp = (char *)sa;
1634 	int size = sa->sa_len;
1635 	char *cplim = cp + size;
1636 	int byte = 0, state = VIRGIN, new = 0 /* foil gcc */;
1637 
1638 	memset(cp, 0, size);
1639 	cp++;
1640 	do {
1641 		if ((*addr >= '0') && (*addr <= '9')) {
1642 			new = *addr - '0';
1643 		} else if ((*addr >= 'a') && (*addr <= 'f')) {
1644 			new = *addr - 'a' + 10;
1645 		} else if ((*addr >= 'A') && (*addr <= 'F')) {
1646 			new = *addr - 'A' + 10;
1647 		} else if (*addr == '\0')
1648 			state |= END;
1649 		else
1650 			state |= DELIM;
1651 		addr++;
1652 		switch (state /* | INPUT */) {
1653 		case GOTTWO | DIGIT:
1654 			*cp++ = byte; /*FALLTHROUGH*/
1655 		case VIRGIN | DIGIT:
1656 			state = GOTONE; byte = new; continue;
1657 		case GOTONE | DIGIT:
1658 			state = GOTTWO; byte = new + (byte << 4); continue;
1659 		default: /* | DELIM */
1660 			state = VIRGIN; *cp++ = byte; byte = 0; continue;
1661 		case GOTONE | END:
1662 		case GOTTWO | END:
1663 			*cp++ = byte; /* FALLTHROUGH */
1664 		case VIRGIN | END:
1665 			break;
1666 		}
1667 		break;
1668 	} while (cp < cplim);
1669 	sa->sa_len = cp - (char *)sa;
1670 }
1671 
1672 static int
1673 atalk_aton(const char *text, struct at_addr *addr)
1674 {
1675 	u_int net, node;
1676 
1677 	if (sscanf(text, "%u.%u", &net, &node) != 2
1678 	    || net > 0xffff || node > 0xff)
1679 		return(0);
1680 	addr->s_net = htons(net);
1681 	addr->s_node = node;
1682 	return(1);
1683 }
1684 
1685 static char *
1686 atalk_ntoa(struct at_addr at)
1687 {
1688 	static char buf[20];
1689 
1690 	(void) snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u.%u", ntohs(at.s_net), at.s_node);
1691 	return(buf);
1692 }
1693