1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6 * Mike Muuss. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10 * are met: 11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17 * must display the following acknowledgement: 18 * This product includes software developed by the University of 19 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 20 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 21 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 22 * without specific prior written permission. 23 * 24 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 25 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 26 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 27 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 28 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 29 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 30 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 31 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 32 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 33 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 34 * SUCH DAMAGE. 35 */ 36 37 #ifndef lint 38 static const char copyright[] = 39 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\ 40 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; 41 #endif /* not lint */ 42 43 #ifndef lint 44 #if 0 45 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93"; 46 #endif 47 static const char rcsid[] = 48 "$FreeBSD$"; 49 #endif /* not lint */ 50 51 /* 52 * P I N G . C 53 * 54 * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 55 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 56 * 57 * Author - 58 * Mike Muuss 59 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 60 * December, 1983 61 * 62 * Status - 63 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 64 * Bugs - 65 * More statistics could always be gathered. 66 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 67 */ 68 69 #include <sys/param.h> /* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */ 70 71 #include <ctype.h> 72 #include <err.h> 73 #include <errno.h> 74 #include <math.h> 75 #include <netdb.h> 76 #include <signal.h> 77 #include <stdio.h> 78 #include <stdlib.h> 79 #include <string.h> 80 #include <sysexits.h> 81 #include <termios.h> 82 #include <unistd.h> 83 84 #include <sys/socket.h> 85 #include <sys/time.h> 86 #include <sys/uio.h> 87 88 #include <netinet/in.h> 89 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 90 #include <netinet/ip.h> 91 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 92 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 93 #include <arpa/inet.h> 94 95 #ifdef IPSEC 96 #include <netinet6/ipsec.h> 97 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 98 99 #define PHDR_LEN sizeof(struct timeval) 100 #define DEFDATALEN (64 - PHDR_LEN) /* default data length */ 101 #define FLOOD_BACKOFF 20000 /* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */ 102 /* runs out of buffer space */ 103 #define MAXIPLEN 60 104 #define MAXICMPLEN 76 105 #define MAXPACKET (65536 - 60 - 8)/* max packet size */ 106 #define MAXWAIT 10 /* max seconds to wait for response */ 107 #define MAXALARM (60 * 60) /* max seconds for alarm timeout */ 108 #define NROUTES 9 /* number of record route slots */ 109 110 #define A(bit) rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3] /* identify byte in array */ 111 #define B(bit) (1 << ((bit) & 0x07)) /* identify bit in byte */ 112 #define SET(bit) (A(bit) |= B(bit)) 113 #define CLR(bit) (A(bit) &= (~B(bit))) 114 #define TST(bit) (A(bit) & B(bit)) 115 116 /* various options */ 117 int options; 118 #define F_FLOOD 0x0001 119 #define F_INTERVAL 0x0002 120 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0004 121 #define F_PINGFILLED 0x0008 122 #define F_QUIET 0x0010 123 #define F_RROUTE 0x0020 124 #define F_SO_DEBUG 0x0040 125 #define F_SO_DONTROUTE 0x0080 126 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0100 127 #define F_QUIET2 0x0200 128 #define F_NOLOOP 0x0400 129 #define F_MTTL 0x0800 130 #define F_MIF 0x1000 131 #define F_AUDIBLE 0x2000 132 #ifdef IPSEC 133 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 134 #define F_POLICY 0x4000 135 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 136 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 137 #define F_TTL 0x8000 138 #define F_MISSED 0x10000 139 140 /* 141 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum 142 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of. Change 128 143 * to 8192 for complete accuracy... 144 */ 145 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 128) 146 int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK; 147 char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8]; 148 149 struct sockaddr whereto; /* who to ping */ 150 int datalen = DEFDATALEN; 151 int s; /* socket file descriptor */ 152 u_char outpack[MAXPACKET]; 153 char BSPACE = '\b'; /* characters written for flood */ 154 char BBELL = '\a'; /* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */ 155 char DOT = '.'; 156 char *hostname; 157 char *shostname; 158 int ident; /* process id to identify our packets */ 159 int uid; /* cached uid for micro-optimization */ 160 161 /* counters */ 162 long npackets; /* max packets to transmit */ 163 long nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 164 long nrepeats; /* number of duplicates */ 165 long ntransmitted; /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */ 166 int interval = 1000; /* interval between packets, ms */ 167 168 /* timing */ 169 int timing; /* flag to do timing */ 170 double tmin = 999999999.0; /* minimum round trip time */ 171 double tmax = 0.0; /* maximum round trip time */ 172 double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times, for doing average */ 173 double tsumsq = 0.0; /* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */ 174 175 volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up; /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */ 176 int reset_kerninfo; 177 volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p; 178 179 static void fill(char *, char *); 180 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int); 181 static void check_status(void); 182 static void finish(void) __dead2; 183 static void pinger(void); 184 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr); 185 static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *); 186 static void pr_iph(struct ip *); 187 static void pr_pack(char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timeval *); 188 static void pr_retip(struct ip *); 189 static void status(int); 190 static void stopit(int); 191 static void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 192 static void usage(void) __dead2; 193 194 int 195 main(argc, argv) 196 int argc; 197 char *const *argv; 198 { 199 struct timeval last, intvl; 200 struct hostent *hp; 201 struct sockaddr_in *to, sin; 202 struct termios ts; 203 register int i; 204 int ch, hold, packlen, preload, sockerrno, almost_done = 0, ttl; 205 struct in_addr ifaddr; 206 unsigned char mttl, loop; 207 u_char *datap, *packet; 208 char *source = NULL, *target, hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 209 char snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 210 char *ep; 211 u_long ultmp; 212 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS 213 char rspace[3 + 4 * NROUTES + 1]; /* record route space */ 214 #endif 215 struct sigaction si_sa; 216 struct iovec iov; 217 struct msghdr msg; 218 struct sockaddr_in from; 219 char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))]; 220 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 221 char *policy_in = NULL; 222 char *policy_out = NULL; 223 #endif 224 unsigned long alarmtimeout; 225 226 /* 227 * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and 228 * then drop our setuid bit. Save error reporting for 229 * after arg parsing. 230 */ 231 s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP); 232 sockerrno = errno; 233 234 setuid(getuid()); 235 uid = getuid(); 236 237 alarmtimeout = preload = 0; 238 239 datap = &outpack[8 + PHDR_LEN]; 240 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, 241 "AI:LQRS:T:c:adfi:l:m:np:qrs:t:v" 242 #ifdef IPSEC 243 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 244 "P:" 245 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 246 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 247 )) != -1) 248 { 249 switch(ch) { 250 case 'A': 251 options |= F_MISSED; 252 break; 253 case 'a': 254 options |= F_AUDIBLE; 255 break; 256 case 'c': 257 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 258 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > LONG_MAX || !ultmp) 259 errx(EX_USAGE, 260 "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'", 261 optarg); 262 npackets = ultmp; 263 break; 264 case 'd': 265 options |= F_SO_DEBUG; 266 break; 267 case 'f': 268 if (uid) { 269 errno = EPERM; 270 err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag"); 271 } 272 options |= F_FLOOD; 273 setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL); 274 break; 275 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 276 { 277 double t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0; 278 279 if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX) { 280 errx( 281 EX_USAGE, 282 "invalid timing interval: `%s'", 283 optarg 284 ); 285 } 286 options |= F_INTERVAL; 287 interval = (int)t; 288 if (uid && interval < 1000) { 289 errno = EPERM; 290 err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short"); 291 } 292 } 293 break; 294 case 'I': /* multicast interface */ 295 if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0) 296 errx(EX_USAGE, 297 "invalid multicast interface: `%s'", 298 optarg); 299 options |= F_MIF; 300 break; 301 case 'l': 302 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 303 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > INT_MAX) 304 errx(EX_USAGE, 305 "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg); 306 if (uid) { 307 errno = EPERM; 308 err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag"); 309 } 310 preload = ultmp; 311 break; 312 case 'L': 313 options |= F_NOLOOP; 314 loop = 0; 315 break; 316 case 'm': /* TTL */ 317 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 318 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > 255) 319 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", 320 optarg); 321 ttl = ultmp; 322 options |= F_TTL; 323 break; 324 case 'n': 325 options |= F_NUMERIC; 326 break; 327 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 328 options |= F_PINGFILLED; 329 fill((char *)datap, optarg); 330 break; 331 case 'Q': 332 options |= F_QUIET2; 333 break; 334 case 'q': 335 options |= F_QUIET; 336 break; 337 case 'R': 338 options |= F_RROUTE; 339 break; 340 case 'r': 341 options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE; 342 break; 343 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 344 if (uid) { 345 errno = EPERM; 346 err(EX_NOPERM, "-s flag"); 347 } 348 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 349 if (ultmp > MAXPACKET) 350 errx(EX_USAGE, "packet size too large: %lu", 351 ultmp); 352 if (*ep || ep == optarg || !ultmp) 353 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'", 354 optarg); 355 datalen = ultmp; 356 break; 357 case 'S': 358 source = optarg; 359 break; 360 case 't': 361 alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 362 if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX)) 363 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'", 364 optarg); 365 if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM) 366 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d", 367 optarg, MAXALARM); 368 alarm((int)alarmtimeout); 369 break; 370 case 'T': /* multicast TTL */ 371 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 372 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > 255) 373 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'", 374 optarg); 375 mttl = ultmp; 376 options |= F_MTTL; 377 break; 378 case 'v': 379 options |= F_VERBOSE; 380 break; 381 #ifdef IPSEC 382 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 383 case 'P': 384 options |= F_POLICY; 385 if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2)) 386 policy_in = strdup(optarg); 387 else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3)) 388 policy_out = strdup(optarg); 389 else 390 errx(1, "invalid security policy"); 391 break; 392 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 393 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 394 default: 395 usage(); 396 } 397 } 398 399 if (argc - optind != 1) 400 usage(); 401 target = argv[optind]; 402 403 if (source) { 404 bzero((char *)&sin, sizeof(sin)); 405 sin.sin_family = AF_INET; 406 if (inet_aton(source, &sin.sin_addr) != 0) { 407 shostname = source; 408 } else { 409 hp = gethostbyname2(source, AF_INET); 410 if (!hp) 411 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s", 412 source, hstrerror(h_errno)); 413 414 sin.sin_len = sizeof sin; 415 if (hp->h_length > sizeof(sin.sin_addr)) 416 errx(1,"gethostbyname2: illegal address"); 417 memcpy(&sin.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], 418 sizeof (sin.sin_addr)); 419 (void)strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name, 420 sizeof(snamebuf) - 1); 421 snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0'; 422 shostname = snamebuf; 423 } 424 if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, sizeof sin) == -1) 425 err(1, "bind"); 426 } 427 428 bzero((char *)&whereto, sizeof(struct sockaddr)); 429 to = (struct sockaddr_in *)&whereto; 430 to->sin_family = AF_INET; 431 if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) { 432 hostname = target; 433 } else { 434 hp = gethostbyname2(target, AF_INET); 435 if (!hp) 436 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s", 437 target, hstrerror(h_errno)); 438 439 to->sin_len = sizeof *to; 440 if (hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr)) 441 errx(1,"gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address"); 442 memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr); 443 (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1); 444 hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0'; 445 hostname = hnamebuf; 446 } 447 448 if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL) 449 errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options"); 450 451 if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr))) 452 errx(EX_USAGE, 453 "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination"); 454 if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL) 455 && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr))) 456 errx(EX_USAGE, 457 "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination"); 458 459 if (datalen >= PHDR_LEN) /* can we time transfer */ 460 timing = 1; 461 packlen = datalen + MAXIPLEN + MAXICMPLEN; 462 if (!(packet = (u_char *)malloc((size_t)packlen))) 463 err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "malloc"); 464 465 if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED)) 466 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; ++i) 467 *datap++ = i; 468 469 ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF; 470 471 if (s < 0) { 472 errno = sockerrno; 473 err(EX_OSERR, "socket"); 474 } 475 hold = 1; 476 if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) 477 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold, 478 sizeof(hold)); 479 if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE) 480 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold, 481 sizeof(hold)); 482 #ifdef IPSEC 483 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 484 if (options & F_POLICY) { 485 char *buf; 486 if (policy_in != NULL) { 487 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in)); 488 if (buf == NULL) 489 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 490 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 491 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) 492 err(EX_CONFIG, "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 493 free(buf); 494 } 495 496 if (policy_out != NULL) { 497 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out)); 498 if (buf == NULL) 499 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 500 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 501 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) 502 err(EX_CONFIG, "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 503 free(buf); 504 } 505 } 506 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 507 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 508 509 /* record route option */ 510 if (options & F_RROUTE) { 511 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS 512 bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace)); 513 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 514 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1; 515 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 516 rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL; 517 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, 518 sizeof(rspace)) < 0) 519 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS"); 520 #else 521 errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, 522 "record route not available in this implementation"); 523 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */ 524 } 525 526 if (options & F_TTL) { 527 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl, 528 sizeof(ttl)) < 0) { 529 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL"); 530 } 531 } 532 if (options & F_NOLOOP) { 533 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop, 534 sizeof(loop)) < 0) { 535 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP"); 536 } 537 } 538 if (options & F_MTTL) { 539 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl, 540 sizeof(mttl)) < 0) { 541 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL"); 542 } 543 } 544 if (options & F_MIF) { 545 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr, 546 sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) { 547 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF"); 548 } 549 } 550 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 551 { int on = 1; 552 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 553 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP"); 554 } 555 #endif 556 557 /* 558 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers. 559 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the 560 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for 561 * /etc/ethers. But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast 562 * or multicast pings if they wish. 563 */ 564 hold = 48 * 1024; 565 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold, 566 sizeof(hold)); 567 568 if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) { 569 (void)printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname, 570 inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr)); 571 if (source) 572 (void)printf(" from %s", shostname); 573 (void)printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen); 574 } else 575 (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen); 576 577 /* 578 * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics, 579 * in particular with SA_RESTART not set. 580 */ 581 582 sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask); 583 si_sa.sa_flags = 0; 584 585 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit; 586 if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) { 587 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT"); 588 } 589 590 si_sa.sa_handler = status; 591 if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) { 592 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction"); 593 } 594 595 if (alarmtimeout > 0) { 596 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit; 597 if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1) 598 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM"); 599 } 600 601 bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg)); 602 msg.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from; 603 msg.msg_iov = &iov; 604 msg.msg_iovlen = 1; 605 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 606 msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)ctrl; 607 #endif 608 iov.iov_base = packet; 609 iov.iov_len = packlen; 610 611 if (tcgetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, &ts) != -1) { 612 reset_kerninfo = !(ts.c_lflag & NOKERNINFO); 613 ts.c_lflag |= NOKERNINFO; 614 tcsetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ts); 615 } 616 617 while (preload--) /* fire off them quickies */ 618 pinger(); 619 620 if (options & F_FLOOD) { 621 intvl.tv_sec = 0; 622 intvl.tv_usec = 10000; 623 } else { 624 intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000; 625 intvl.tv_usec = interval % 1000 * 1000; 626 } 627 628 pinger(); /* send the first ping */ 629 (void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL); 630 631 while (!finish_up) { 632 register int cc; 633 int n; 634 struct timeval timeout, now; 635 fd_set rfds; 636 637 check_status(); 638 FD_ZERO(&rfds); 639 FD_SET(s, &rfds); 640 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 641 timeout.tv_sec = last.tv_sec + intvl.tv_sec - now.tv_sec; 642 timeout.tv_usec = last.tv_usec + intvl.tv_usec - now.tv_usec; 643 while (timeout.tv_usec < 0) { 644 timeout.tv_usec += 1000000; 645 timeout.tv_sec--; 646 } 647 while (timeout.tv_usec >= 1000000) { 648 timeout.tv_usec -= 1000000; 649 timeout.tv_sec++; 650 } 651 if (timeout.tv_sec < 0) 652 timeout.tv_sec = timeout.tv_usec = 0; 653 n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout); 654 if (n < 0) 655 continue; /* Must be EINTR. */ 656 if (n == 1) { 657 struct timeval *t = 0; 658 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 659 struct cmsghdr *cmsg = (struct cmsghdr *)&ctrl; 660 661 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl); 662 #endif 663 msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from); 664 if ((cc = recvmsg(s, &msg, 0)) < 0) { 665 if (errno == EINTR) 666 continue; 667 warn("recvmsg"); 668 continue; 669 } 670 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 671 if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET && 672 cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP && 673 cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *t)) { 674 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */ 675 memcpy(&now,CMSG_DATA(cmsg),sizeof(now)); 676 t = &now; 677 } 678 #endif 679 if (t == 0) { 680 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 681 t = &now; 682 } 683 pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, t); 684 if (npackets && nreceived >= npackets) 685 break; 686 } 687 if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) { 688 if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets) 689 pinger(); 690 else { 691 if (almost_done) 692 break; 693 almost_done = 1; 694 intvl.tv_usec = 0; 695 if (nreceived) { 696 intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000; 697 if (!intvl.tv_sec) 698 intvl.tv_sec = 1; 699 } else 700 intvl.tv_sec = MAXWAIT; 701 } 702 (void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL); 703 704 if (ntransmitted != nreceived+1 && options & F_MISSED) 705 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1); 706 } 707 } 708 finish(); 709 /* NOTREACHED */ 710 exit(0); /* Make the compiler happy */ 711 } 712 713 /* 714 * stopit -- 715 * Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit. 716 * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much 717 * to be called from a signal handler. 718 */ 719 void 720 stopit(sig) 721 int sig; 722 { 723 finish_up = 1; 724 } 725 726 /* 727 * pinger -- 728 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 729 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 730 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first 8 bytes 731 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in host 732 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 733 */ 734 static void 735 pinger(void) 736 { 737 register struct icmp *icp; 738 register int cc; 739 int i; 740 741 icp = (struct icmp *)outpack; 742 icp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 743 icp->icmp_code = 0; 744 icp->icmp_cksum = 0; 745 icp->icmp_seq = ntransmitted; 746 icp->icmp_id = ident; /* ID */ 747 748 CLR(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck); 749 750 if (timing) 751 (void)gettimeofday((struct timeval *)&outpack[8], 752 (struct timezone *)NULL); 753 754 cc = datalen + PHDR_LEN; /* skips ICMP portion */ 755 756 /* compute ICMP checksum here */ 757 icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc); 758 759 i = sendto(s, (char *)outpack, cc, 0, &whereto, 760 sizeof(struct sockaddr)); 761 762 if (i < 0 || i != cc) { 763 if (i < 0) { 764 if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) { 765 usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF); 766 return; 767 } 768 warn("sendto"); 769 } else { 770 warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes", 771 hostname, i, cc); 772 } 773 } 774 ntransmitted++; 775 if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD) 776 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1); 777 } 778 779 /* 780 * pr_pack -- 781 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 782 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 783 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 784 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 785 */ 786 static void 787 pr_pack(buf, cc, from, tv) 788 char *buf; 789 int cc; 790 struct sockaddr_in *from; 791 struct timeval *tv; 792 { 793 register struct icmp *icp; 794 register u_long l; 795 register int i, j; 796 register u_char *cp,*dp; 797 static int old_rrlen; 798 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 799 struct ip *ip; 800 struct timeval *tp; 801 double triptime; 802 int hlen, dupflag; 803 804 /* Check the IP header */ 805 ip = (struct ip *)buf; 806 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 807 if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 808 if (options & F_VERBOSE) 809 warn("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc, 810 inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 811 return; 812 } 813 814 /* Now the ICMP part */ 815 cc -= hlen; 816 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 817 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) { 818 if (icp->icmp_id != ident) 819 return; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */ 820 ++nreceived; 821 triptime = 0.0; 822 if (timing) { 823 struct timeval tv1; 824 #ifndef icmp_data 825 tp = (struct timeval *)&icp->icmp_ip; 826 #else 827 tp = (struct timeval *)icp->icmp_data; 828 #endif 829 /* Avoid unaligned data: */ 830 memcpy(&tv1,tp,sizeof(tv1)); 831 tvsub(tv, &tv1); 832 triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 + 833 ((double)tv->tv_usec) / 1000.0; 834 tsum += triptime; 835 tsumsq += triptime * triptime; 836 if (triptime < tmin) 837 tmin = triptime; 838 if (triptime > tmax) 839 tmax = triptime; 840 } 841 842 if (TST(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck)) { 843 ++nrepeats; 844 --nreceived; 845 dupflag = 1; 846 } else { 847 SET(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck); 848 dupflag = 0; 849 } 850 851 if (options & F_QUIET) 852 return; 853 854 if (options & F_FLOOD) 855 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1); 856 else { 857 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, 858 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr), 859 icp->icmp_seq); 860 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl); 861 if (timing) 862 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime); 863 if (dupflag) 864 (void)printf(" (DUP!)"); 865 if (options & F_AUDIBLE) 866 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1); 867 /* check the data */ 868 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN]; 869 dp = &outpack[8 + PHDR_LEN]; 870 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp, ++dp) { 871 if (*cp != *dp) { 872 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x", 873 i, *dp, *cp); 874 printf("\ncp:"); 875 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0]; 876 for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { 877 if ((i % 32) == 8) 878 (void)printf("\n\t"); 879 (void)printf("%x ", *cp); 880 } 881 printf("\ndp:"); 882 cp = &outpack[8]; 883 for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { 884 if ((i % 32) == 8) 885 (void)printf("\n\t"); 886 (void)printf("%x ", *cp); 887 } 888 break; 889 } 890 } 891 } 892 } else { 893 /* 894 * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY. 895 * See if it's a reply to something that we sent. 896 * We can compare IP destination, protocol, 897 * and ICMP type and ID. 898 * 899 * Only print all the error messages if we are running 900 * as root to avoid leaking information not normally 901 * available to those not running as root. 902 */ 903 #ifndef icmp_data 904 struct ip *oip = &icp->icmp_ip; 905 #else 906 struct ip *oip = (struct ip *)icp->icmp_data; 907 #endif 908 struct icmp *oicmp = (struct icmp *)(oip + 1); 909 910 if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) || 911 (!(options & F_QUIET2) && 912 (oip->ip_dst.s_addr == 913 ((struct sockaddr_in *)&whereto)->sin_addr.s_addr) && 914 (oip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) && 915 (oicmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) && 916 (oicmp->icmp_id == ident))) { 917 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, 918 pr_addr(from->sin_addr)); 919 pr_icmph(icp); 920 } else 921 return; 922 } 923 924 /* Display any IP options */ 925 cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip); 926 927 for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp) 928 switch (*cp) { 929 case IPOPT_EOL: 930 hlen = 0; 931 break; 932 case IPOPT_LSRR: 933 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 934 hlen -= 2; 935 j = *++cp; 936 ++cp; 937 if (j > IPOPT_MINOFF) 938 for (;;) { 939 l = *++cp; 940 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 941 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 942 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 943 if (l == 0) { 944 printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 945 } else { 946 struct in_addr ina; 947 ina.s_addr = ntohl(l); 948 printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ina)); 949 } 950 hlen -= 4; 951 j -= 4; 952 if (j <= IPOPT_MINOFF) 953 break; 954 (void)putchar('\n'); 955 } 956 break; 957 case IPOPT_RR: 958 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 959 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 960 hlen -= 2; 961 if (i > j) 962 i = j; 963 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 964 if (i <= 0) 965 continue; 966 if (i == old_rrlen 967 && cp == (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip) + 2 968 && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i) 969 && !(options & F_FLOOD)) { 970 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 971 i = ((i + 3) / 4) * 4; 972 hlen -= i; 973 cp += i; 974 break; 975 } 976 if (i < MAX_IPOPTLEN) { 977 old_rrlen = i; 978 bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i); 979 } else 980 old_rrlen = 0; 981 982 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 983 j = 0; 984 for (;;) { 985 l = *++cp; 986 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 987 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 988 l = (l<<8) + *++cp; 989 if (l == 0) { 990 printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 991 } else { 992 struct in_addr ina; 993 ina.s_addr = ntohl(l); 994 printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ina)); 995 } 996 hlen -= 4; 997 i -= 4; 998 j += 4; 999 if (i <= 0) 1000 break; 1001 if (j >= MAX_IPOPTLEN) { 1002 (void) printf("\t(truncated route)"); 1003 break; 1004 } 1005 (void)putchar('\n'); 1006 } 1007 break; 1008 case IPOPT_NOP: 1009 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 1010 break; 1011 default: 1012 (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp); 1013 break; 1014 } 1015 if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) { 1016 (void)putchar('\n'); 1017 (void)fflush(stdout); 1018 } 1019 } 1020 1021 /* 1022 * in_cksum -- 1023 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) 1024 */ 1025 u_short 1026 in_cksum(addr, len) 1027 u_short *addr; 1028 int len; 1029 { 1030 register int nleft = len; 1031 register u_short *w = addr; 1032 register int sum = 0; 1033 union { 1034 u_short us; 1035 u_char uc[2]; 1036 } last; 1037 u_short answer; 1038 1039 /* 1040 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add 1041 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the 1042 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits. 1043 */ 1044 while (nleft > 1) { 1045 sum += *w++; 1046 nleft -= 2; 1047 } 1048 1049 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ 1050 if (nleft == 1) { 1051 last.uc[0] = *(u_char *)w; 1052 last.uc[1] = 0; 1053 sum += last.us; 1054 } 1055 1056 /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ 1057 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ 1058 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ 1059 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ 1060 return(answer); 1061 } 1062 1063 /* 1064 * tvsub -- 1065 * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. Out is assumed to 1066 * be >= in. 1067 */ 1068 static void 1069 tvsub(out, in) 1070 register struct timeval *out, *in; 1071 { 1072 if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) { 1073 --out->tv_sec; 1074 out->tv_usec += 1000000; 1075 } 1076 out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec; 1077 } 1078 1079 /* 1080 * status -- 1081 * Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1082 */ 1083 1084 static void 1085 status(sig) 1086 int sig; 1087 { 1088 siginfo_p = 1; 1089 } 1090 1091 static void 1092 check_status() 1093 { 1094 if (siginfo_p) { 1095 siginfo_p = 0; 1096 (void)fprintf(stderr, 1097 "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.0f%%) %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max\n", 1098 nreceived, ntransmitted, 1099 ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0, 1100 nreceived ? tmin : 0.0, 1101 nreceived + nrepeats ? tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats) : tsum, 1102 tmax); 1103 } 1104 } 1105 1106 /* 1107 * finish -- 1108 * Print out statistics, and give up. 1109 */ 1110 static void 1111 finish() 1112 { 1113 struct termios ts; 1114 1115 (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 1116 (void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN); 1117 (void)putchar('\n'); 1118 (void)fflush(stdout); 1119 (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname); 1120 (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1121 (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived); 1122 if (nrepeats) 1123 (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1124 if (ntransmitted) { 1125 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1126 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 1127 else 1128 (void)printf("%d%% packet loss", 1129 (int) (((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) / 1130 ntransmitted)); 1131 } 1132 (void)putchar('\n'); 1133 if (nreceived && timing) { 1134 double n = nreceived + nrepeats; 1135 double avg = tsum / n; 1136 double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg; 1137 printf("round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = " 1138 "%.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 1139 tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari)); 1140 } 1141 if (reset_kerninfo && tcgetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, &ts) != -1) { 1142 ts.c_lflag &= ~NOKERNINFO; 1143 tcsetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, TCSANOW, &ts); 1144 } 1145 1146 if (nreceived) 1147 exit(0); 1148 else 1149 exit(2); 1150 } 1151 1152 #ifdef notdef 1153 static char *ttab[] = { 1154 "Echo Reply", /* ip + seq + udata */ 1155 "Dest Unreachable", /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */ 1156 "Source Quench", /* IP */ 1157 "Redirect", /* redirect type, gateway, + IP */ 1158 "Echo", 1159 "Time Exceeded", /* transit, frag reassem + IP */ 1160 "Parameter Problem", /* pointer + IP */ 1161 "Timestamp", /* id + seq + three timestamps */ 1162 "Timestamp Reply", /* " */ 1163 "Info Request", /* id + sq */ 1164 "Info Reply" /* " */ 1165 }; 1166 #endif 1167 1168 /* 1169 * pr_icmph -- 1170 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header. 1171 */ 1172 static void 1173 pr_icmph(icp) 1174 struct icmp *icp; 1175 { 1176 switch(icp->icmp_type) { 1177 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1178 (void)printf("Echo Reply\n"); 1179 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 1180 break; 1181 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1182 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1183 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1184 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n"); 1185 break; 1186 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1187 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n"); 1188 break; 1189 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1190 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n"); 1191 break; 1192 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1193 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n"); 1194 break; 1195 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1196 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n", 1197 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1198 break; 1199 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1200 (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n"); 1201 break; 1202 case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB: 1203 (void)printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n"); 1204 break; 1205 default: 1206 (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n", 1207 icp->icmp_code); 1208 break; 1209 } 1210 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1211 #ifndef icmp_data 1212 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1213 #else 1214 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1215 #endif 1216 break; 1217 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1218 (void)printf("Source Quench\n"); 1219 #ifndef icmp_data 1220 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1221 #else 1222 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1223 #endif 1224 break; 1225 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1226 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1227 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1228 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 1229 break; 1230 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1231 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 1232 break; 1233 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1234 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 1235 break; 1236 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1237 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 1238 break; 1239 default: 1240 (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1241 break; 1242 } 1243 (void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr)); 1244 #ifndef icmp_data 1245 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1246 #else 1247 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1248 #endif 1249 break; 1250 case ICMP_ECHO: 1251 (void)printf("Echo Request\n"); 1252 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 1253 break; 1254 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1255 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1256 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1257 (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n"); 1258 break; 1259 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1260 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n"); 1261 break; 1262 default: 1263 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n", 1264 icp->icmp_code); 1265 break; 1266 } 1267 #ifndef icmp_data 1268 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1269 #else 1270 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1271 #endif 1272 break; 1273 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1274 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n", 1275 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1276 #ifndef icmp_data 1277 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1278 #else 1279 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1280 #endif 1281 break; 1282 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1283 (void)printf("Timestamp\n"); 1284 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 1285 break; 1286 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1287 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n"); 1288 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 1289 break; 1290 case ICMP_IREQ: 1291 (void)printf("Information Request\n"); 1292 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 1293 break; 1294 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1295 (void)printf("Information Reply\n"); 1296 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 1297 break; 1298 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1299 (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n"); 1300 break; 1301 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1302 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n"); 1303 break; 1304 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1305 (void)printf("Router Advertisement\n"); 1306 break; 1307 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1308 (void)printf("Router Solicitation\n"); 1309 break; 1310 default: 1311 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type); 1312 } 1313 } 1314 1315 /* 1316 * pr_iph -- 1317 * Print an IP header with options. 1318 */ 1319 static void 1320 pr_iph(ip) 1321 struct ip *ip; 1322 { 1323 int hlen; 1324 u_char *cp; 1325 1326 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1327 cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */ 1328 1329 (void)printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1330 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1331 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len), 1332 ntohs(ip->ip_id)); 1333 (void)printf(" %1lx %04lx", 1334 (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13, 1335 (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff); 1336 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, 1337 ntohs(ip->ip_sum)); 1338 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 1339 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 1340 /* dump any option bytes */ 1341 while (hlen-- > 20) { 1342 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1343 } 1344 (void)putchar('\n'); 1345 } 1346 1347 /* 1348 * pr_addr -- 1349 * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with 1350 * a hostname. 1351 */ 1352 static char * 1353 pr_addr(ina) 1354 struct in_addr ina; 1355 { 1356 struct hostent *hp; 1357 static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 1358 1359 if ((options & F_NUMERIC) || 1360 !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&ina, 4, AF_INET))) 1361 return inet_ntoa(ina); 1362 else 1363 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1364 inet_ntoa(ina)); 1365 return(buf); 1366 } 1367 1368 /* 1369 * pr_retip -- 1370 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1371 */ 1372 static void 1373 pr_retip(ip) 1374 struct ip *ip; 1375 { 1376 int hlen; 1377 u_char *cp; 1378 1379 pr_iph(ip); 1380 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1381 cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen; 1382 1383 if (ip->ip_p == 6) 1384 (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1385 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1386 else if (ip->ip_p == 17) 1387 (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1388 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1389 } 1390 1391 static void 1392 fill(bp, patp) 1393 char *bp, *patp; 1394 { 1395 register int ii, jj, kk; 1396 int pat[16]; 1397 char *cp; 1398 1399 for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) { 1400 if (!isxdigit(*cp)) 1401 errx(EX_USAGE, 1402 "patterns must be specified as hex digits"); 1403 1404 } 1405 ii = sscanf(patp, 1406 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1407 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], 1408 &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12], 1409 &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1410 1411 if (ii > 0) 1412 for (kk = 0; 1413 kk <= MAXPACKET - (8 + PHDR_LEN + ii); 1414 kk += ii) 1415 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1416 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj]; 1417 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) { 1418 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1419 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1420 (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF); 1421 (void)printf("\n"); 1422 } 1423 } 1424 1425 static void 1426 usage() 1427 { 1428 fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n", 1429 "usage: ping [-QRadfnqrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-m ttl]", 1430 " [-p pattern] " 1431 #ifdef IPSEC 1432 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 1433 "[-P policy] " 1434 #endif 1435 #endif 1436 "[-s packetsize] [-S src_addr] [-t timeout]", 1437 " [host | [-L] [-I iface] [-T ttl] mcast-group]"); 1438 exit(EX_USAGE); 1439 } 1440