1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6 * Mike Muuss. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10 * are met: 11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18 * without specific prior written permission. 19 * 20 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30 * SUCH DAMAGE. 31 */ 32 33 #if 0 34 #ifndef lint 35 static const char copyright[] = 36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\ 37 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; 38 #endif /* not lint */ 39 40 #ifndef lint 41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93"; 42 #endif /* not lint */ 43 #endif 44 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 45 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 46 47 /* 48 * P I N G . C 49 * 50 * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 51 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 52 * 53 * Author - 54 * Mike Muuss 55 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 56 * December, 1983 57 * 58 * Status - 59 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 60 * Bugs - 61 * More statistics could always be gathered. 62 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 63 */ 64 65 #include <sys/param.h> /* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */ 66 #include <sys/socket.h> 67 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 68 #include <sys/time.h> 69 #include <sys/uio.h> 70 71 #include <netinet/in.h> 72 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 73 #include <netinet/ip.h> 74 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 75 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 76 #include <arpa/inet.h> 77 78 #ifdef IPSEC 79 #include <netinet6/ipsec.h> 80 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 81 82 #include <ctype.h> 83 #include <err.h> 84 #include <errno.h> 85 #include <math.h> 86 #include <netdb.h> 87 #include <signal.h> 88 #include <stdio.h> 89 #include <stdlib.h> 90 #include <string.h> 91 #include <sysexits.h> 92 #include <unistd.h> 93 94 #define INADDR_LEN ((int)sizeof(in_addr_t)) 95 #define TIMEVAL_LEN ((int)sizeof(struct timeval)) 96 #define MASK_LEN (ICMP_MASKLEN - ICMP_MINLEN) 97 #define TS_LEN (ICMP_TSLEN - ICMP_MINLEN) 98 #define DEFDATALEN 56 /* default data length */ 99 #define FLOOD_BACKOFF 20000 /* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */ 100 /* runs out of buffer space */ 101 #define MAXIPLEN (sizeof(struct ip) + MAX_IPOPTLEN) 102 #define MAXICMPLEN (ICMP_ADVLENMIN + MAX_IPOPTLEN) 103 #define MAXWAIT 10 /* max seconds to wait for response */ 104 #define MAXALARM (60 * 60) /* max seconds for alarm timeout */ 105 #define MAXTOS 255 106 107 #define A(bit) rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3] /* identify byte in array */ 108 #define B(bit) (1 << ((bit) & 0x07)) /* identify bit in byte */ 109 #define SET(bit) (A(bit) |= B(bit)) 110 #define CLR(bit) (A(bit) &= (~B(bit))) 111 #define TST(bit) (A(bit) & B(bit)) 112 113 /* various options */ 114 int options; 115 #define F_FLOOD 0x0001 116 #define F_INTERVAL 0x0002 117 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0004 118 #define F_PINGFILLED 0x0008 119 #define F_QUIET 0x0010 120 #define F_RROUTE 0x0020 121 #define F_SO_DEBUG 0x0040 122 #define F_SO_DONTROUTE 0x0080 123 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0100 124 #define F_QUIET2 0x0200 125 #define F_NOLOOP 0x0400 126 #define F_MTTL 0x0800 127 #define F_MIF 0x1000 128 #define F_AUDIBLE 0x2000 129 #ifdef IPSEC 130 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 131 #define F_POLICY 0x4000 132 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 133 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 134 #define F_TTL 0x8000 135 #define F_MISSED 0x10000 136 #define F_ONCE 0x20000 137 #define F_HDRINCL 0x40000 138 #define F_MASK 0x80000 139 #define F_TIME 0x100000 140 141 /* 142 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum 143 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of. Change 128 144 * to 8192 for complete accuracy... 145 */ 146 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 128) 147 int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK; 148 char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8]; 149 150 struct sockaddr_in whereto; /* who to ping */ 151 int datalen = DEFDATALEN; 152 int maxpayload; 153 int s; /* socket file descriptor */ 154 u_char outpackhdr[IP_MAXPACKET], *outpack; 155 char BBELL = '\a'; /* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */ 156 char BSPACE = '\b'; /* characters written for flood */ 157 char DOT = '.'; 158 char *hostname; 159 char *shostname; 160 int ident; /* process id to identify our packets */ 161 int uid; /* cached uid for micro-optimization */ 162 u_char icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 163 u_char icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 164 int phdr_len = 0; 165 int send_len; 166 167 /* counters */ 168 long nmissedmax; /* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */ 169 long npackets; /* max packets to transmit */ 170 long nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 171 long nrepeats; /* number of duplicates */ 172 long ntransmitted; /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */ 173 int interval = 1000; /* interval between packets, ms */ 174 175 /* timing */ 176 int timing; /* flag to do timing */ 177 double tmin = 999999999.0; /* minimum round trip time */ 178 double tmax = 0.0; /* maximum round trip time */ 179 double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times, for doing average */ 180 double tsumsq = 0.0; /* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */ 181 182 volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up; /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */ 183 volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p; 184 185 static void fill(char *, char *); 186 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int); 187 static void check_status(void); 188 static void finish(void) __dead2; 189 static void pinger(void); 190 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr); 191 static char *pr_ntime(n_time); 192 static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *); 193 static void pr_iph(struct ip *); 194 static void pr_pack(char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timeval *); 195 static void pr_retip(struct ip *); 196 static void status(int); 197 static void stopit(int); 198 static void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 199 static void usage(void) __dead2; 200 201 int 202 main(argc, argv) 203 int argc; 204 char *const *argv; 205 { 206 struct sockaddr_in from, sock_in; 207 struct in_addr ifaddr; 208 struct timeval last, intvl; 209 struct iovec iov; 210 struct ip *ip; 211 struct msghdr msg; 212 struct sigaction si_sa; 213 size_t sz; 214 u_char *datap, packet[IP_MAXPACKET]; 215 char *ep, *source, *target, *payload; 216 struct hostent *hp; 217 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 218 char *policy_in, *policy_out; 219 #endif 220 struct sockaddr_in *to; 221 double t; 222 u_long alarmtimeout, ultmp; 223 int almost_done, ch, df, hold, i, icmp_len, mib[4], preload, sockerrno, 224 tos, ttl; 225 char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))]; 226 char hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 227 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS 228 char rspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 229 #endif 230 unsigned char loop, mttl; 231 232 payload = source = NULL; 233 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 234 policy_in = policy_out = NULL; 235 #endif 236 237 /* 238 * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and 239 * then drop our setuid bit. Save error reporting for 240 * after arg parsing. 241 */ 242 s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP); 243 sockerrno = errno; 244 245 setuid(getuid()); 246 uid = getuid(); 247 248 alarmtimeout = df = preload = tos = 0; 249 250 outpack = outpackhdr + sizeof(struct ip); 251 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, 252 "Aac:DdfI:i:Ll:M:m:nop:QqRrS:s:T:t:vz:" 253 #ifdef IPSEC 254 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 255 "P:" 256 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 257 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 258 )) != -1) 259 { 260 switch(ch) { 261 case 'A': 262 options |= F_MISSED; 263 break; 264 case 'a': 265 options |= F_AUDIBLE; 266 break; 267 case 'c': 268 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 269 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > LONG_MAX || !ultmp) 270 errx(EX_USAGE, 271 "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'", 272 optarg); 273 npackets = ultmp; 274 break; 275 case 'D': 276 options |= F_HDRINCL; 277 df = 1; 278 break; 279 case 'd': 280 options |= F_SO_DEBUG; 281 break; 282 case 'f': 283 if (uid) { 284 errno = EPERM; 285 err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag"); 286 } 287 options |= F_FLOOD; 288 setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL); 289 break; 290 case 'I': /* multicast interface */ 291 if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0) 292 errx(EX_USAGE, 293 "invalid multicast interface: `%s'", 294 optarg); 295 options |= F_MIF; 296 break; 297 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 298 t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0; 299 if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX) 300 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'", 301 optarg); 302 options |= F_INTERVAL; 303 interval = (int)t; 304 if (uid && interval < 1000) { 305 errno = EPERM; 306 err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short"); 307 } 308 break; 309 case 'L': 310 options |= F_NOLOOP; 311 loop = 0; 312 break; 313 case 'l': 314 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 315 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > INT_MAX) 316 errx(EX_USAGE, 317 "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg); 318 if (uid) { 319 errno = EPERM; 320 err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag"); 321 } 322 preload = ultmp; 323 break; 324 case 'M': 325 switch(optarg[0]) { 326 case 'M': 327 case 'm': 328 options |= F_MASK; 329 break; 330 case 'T': 331 case 't': 332 options |= F_TIME; 333 break; 334 default: 335 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid message: `%c'", optarg[0]); 336 break; 337 } 338 break; 339 case 'm': /* TTL */ 340 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 341 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL) 342 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", optarg); 343 ttl = ultmp; 344 options |= F_TTL; 345 break; 346 case 'n': 347 options |= F_NUMERIC; 348 break; 349 case 'o': 350 options |= F_ONCE; 351 break; 352 #ifdef IPSEC 353 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 354 case 'P': 355 options |= F_POLICY; 356 if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2)) 357 policy_in = strdup(optarg); 358 else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3)) 359 policy_out = strdup(optarg); 360 else 361 errx(1, "invalid security policy"); 362 break; 363 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 364 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 365 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 366 options |= F_PINGFILLED; 367 payload = optarg; 368 break; 369 case 'Q': 370 options |= F_QUIET2; 371 break; 372 case 'q': 373 options |= F_QUIET; 374 break; 375 case 'R': 376 options |= F_RROUTE; 377 break; 378 case 'r': 379 options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE; 380 break; 381 case 'S': 382 source = optarg; 383 break; 384 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 385 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 386 if (*ep || ep == optarg) 387 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'", 388 optarg); 389 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) { 390 errno = EPERM; 391 err(EX_NOPERM, 392 "packet size too large: %lu > %u", 393 ultmp, DEFDATALEN); 394 } 395 datalen = ultmp; 396 break; 397 case 'T': /* multicast TTL */ 398 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 399 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL) 400 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'", 401 optarg); 402 mttl = ultmp; 403 options |= F_MTTL; 404 break; 405 case 't': 406 alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 407 if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX)) 408 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'", 409 optarg); 410 if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM) 411 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d", 412 optarg, MAXALARM); 413 alarm((int)alarmtimeout); 414 break; 415 case 'v': 416 options |= F_VERBOSE; 417 break; 418 case 'z': 419 options |= F_HDRINCL; 420 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 421 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTOS) 422 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TOS: `%s'", optarg); 423 tos = ultmp; 424 break; 425 default: 426 usage(); 427 } 428 } 429 430 if (argc - optind != 1) 431 usage(); 432 target = argv[optind]; 433 434 switch (options & (F_MASK|F_TIME)) { 435 case 0: break; 436 case F_MASK: 437 icmp_type = ICMP_MASKREQ; 438 icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_MASKREPLY; 439 phdr_len = MASK_LEN; 440 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) 441 (void)printf("ICMP_MASKREQ\n"); 442 break; 443 case F_TIME: 444 icmp_type = ICMP_TSTAMP; 445 icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY; 446 phdr_len = TS_LEN; 447 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) 448 (void)printf("ICMP_TSTAMP\n"); 449 break; 450 default: 451 errx(EX_USAGE, "ICMP_TSTAMP and ICMP_MASKREQ are exclusive."); 452 break; 453 } 454 icmp_len = sizeof(struct ip) + ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len; 455 if (options & F_RROUTE) 456 icmp_len += MAX_IPOPTLEN; 457 maxpayload = IP_MAXPACKET - icmp_len; 458 if (datalen > maxpayload) 459 errx(EX_USAGE, "packet size too large: %d > %d", datalen, 460 maxpayload); 461 send_len = icmp_len + datalen; 462 datap = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + TIMEVAL_LEN]; 463 if (options & F_PINGFILLED) { 464 fill((char *)datap, payload); 465 } 466 if (source) { 467 bzero((char *)&sock_in, sizeof(sock_in)); 468 sock_in.sin_family = AF_INET; 469 if (inet_aton(source, &sock_in.sin_addr) != 0) { 470 shostname = source; 471 } else { 472 hp = gethostbyname2(source, AF_INET); 473 if (!hp) 474 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s", 475 source, hstrerror(h_errno)); 476 477 sock_in.sin_len = sizeof sock_in; 478 if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr) || 479 hp->h_length < 0) 480 errx(1, "gethostbyname2: illegal address"); 481 memcpy(&sock_in.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], 482 sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr)); 483 (void)strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name, 484 sizeof(snamebuf) - 1); 485 snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0'; 486 shostname = snamebuf; 487 } 488 if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sock_in, sizeof sock_in) == -1) 489 err(1, "bind"); 490 } 491 492 bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto)); 493 to = &whereto; 494 to->sin_family = AF_INET; 495 to->sin_len = sizeof *to; 496 if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) { 497 hostname = target; 498 } else { 499 hp = gethostbyname2(target, AF_INET); 500 if (!hp) 501 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s", 502 target, hstrerror(h_errno)); 503 504 if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr)) 505 errx(1, "gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address"); 506 memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr); 507 (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1); 508 hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0'; 509 hostname = hnamebuf; 510 } 511 512 if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL) 513 errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options"); 514 515 if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr))) 516 errx(EX_USAGE, 517 "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination"); 518 if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL) 519 && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr))) 520 errx(EX_USAGE, 521 "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination"); 522 523 if (datalen >= TIMEVAL_LEN) /* can we time transfer */ 524 timing = 1; 525 526 if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED)) 527 for (i = TIMEVAL_LEN; i < datalen; ++i) 528 *datap++ = i; 529 530 ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF; 531 532 if (s < 0) { 533 errno = sockerrno; 534 err(EX_OSERR, "socket"); 535 } 536 hold = 1; 537 if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) 538 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold, 539 sizeof(hold)); 540 if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE) 541 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold, 542 sizeof(hold)); 543 #ifdef IPSEC 544 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 545 if (options & F_POLICY) { 546 char *buf; 547 if (policy_in != NULL) { 548 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in)); 549 if (buf == NULL) 550 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 551 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 552 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) 553 err(EX_CONFIG, 554 "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 555 free(buf); 556 } 557 558 if (policy_out != NULL) { 559 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out)); 560 if (buf == NULL) 561 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 562 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 563 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) 564 err(EX_CONFIG, 565 "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 566 free(buf); 567 } 568 } 569 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 570 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 571 572 if (options & F_HDRINCL) { 573 ip = (struct ip*)outpackhdr; 574 if (!(options & (F_TTL | F_MTTL))) { 575 mib[0] = CTL_NET; 576 mib[1] = PF_INET; 577 mib[2] = IPPROTO_IP; 578 mib[3] = IPCTL_DEFTTL; 579 sz = sizeof(ttl); 580 if (sysctl(mib, 4, &ttl, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1) 581 err(1, "sysctl(net.inet.ip.ttl)"); 582 } 583 setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &hold, sizeof(hold)); 584 ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 585 ip->ip_hl = sizeof(struct ip) >> 2; 586 ip->ip_tos = tos; 587 ip->ip_id = 0; 588 ip->ip_off = df ? IP_DF : 0; 589 ip->ip_ttl = ttl; 590 ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 591 ip->ip_src.s_addr = source ? sock_in.sin_addr.s_addr : INADDR_ANY; 592 ip->ip_dst = to->sin_addr; 593 } 594 /* record route option */ 595 if (options & F_RROUTE) { 596 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS 597 bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace)); 598 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 599 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1; 600 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 601 rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL; 602 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, 603 sizeof(rspace)) < 0) 604 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS"); 605 #else 606 errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, 607 "record route not available in this implementation"); 608 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */ 609 } 610 611 if (options & F_TTL) { 612 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl, 613 sizeof(ttl)) < 0) { 614 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL"); 615 } 616 } 617 if (options & F_NOLOOP) { 618 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop, 619 sizeof(loop)) < 0) { 620 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP"); 621 } 622 } 623 if (options & F_MTTL) { 624 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl, 625 sizeof(mttl)) < 0) { 626 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL"); 627 } 628 } 629 if (options & F_MIF) { 630 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr, 631 sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) { 632 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF"); 633 } 634 } 635 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 636 { int on = 1; 637 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 638 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP"); 639 } 640 #endif 641 642 /* 643 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers. 644 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the 645 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for 646 * /etc/ethers. But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast 647 * or multicast pings if they wish. 648 */ 649 650 /* 651 * XXX receive buffer needs undetermined space for mbuf overhead 652 * as well. 653 */ 654 hold = IP_MAXPACKET + 128; 655 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold, 656 sizeof(hold)); 657 if (uid == 0) 658 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold, 659 sizeof(hold)); 660 661 if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) { 662 (void)printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname, 663 inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr)); 664 if (source) 665 (void)printf(" from %s", shostname); 666 (void)printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen); 667 } else 668 (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen); 669 670 /* 671 * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics, 672 * in particular with SA_RESTART not set. 673 */ 674 675 sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask); 676 si_sa.sa_flags = 0; 677 678 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit; 679 if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) { 680 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT"); 681 } 682 683 si_sa.sa_handler = status; 684 if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) { 685 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction"); 686 } 687 688 if (alarmtimeout > 0) { 689 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit; 690 if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1) 691 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM"); 692 } 693 694 bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg)); 695 msg.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from; 696 msg.msg_iov = &iov; 697 msg.msg_iovlen = 1; 698 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 699 msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)ctrl; 700 #endif 701 iov.iov_base = packet; 702 iov.iov_len = IP_MAXPACKET; 703 704 if (preload == 0) 705 pinger(); /* send the first ping */ 706 else { 707 if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets) 708 preload = npackets; 709 while (preload--) /* fire off them quickies */ 710 pinger(); 711 } 712 (void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL); 713 714 if (options & F_FLOOD) { 715 intvl.tv_sec = 0; 716 intvl.tv_usec = 10000; 717 } else { 718 intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000; 719 intvl.tv_usec = interval % 1000 * 1000; 720 } 721 722 almost_done = 0; 723 while (!finish_up) { 724 struct timeval now, timeout; 725 fd_set rfds; 726 int cc, n; 727 728 check_status(); 729 if ((unsigned)s >= FD_SETSIZE) 730 errx(EX_OSERR, "descriptor too large"); 731 FD_ZERO(&rfds); 732 FD_SET(s, &rfds); 733 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 734 timeout.tv_sec = last.tv_sec + intvl.tv_sec - now.tv_sec; 735 timeout.tv_usec = last.tv_usec + intvl.tv_usec - now.tv_usec; 736 while (timeout.tv_usec < 0) { 737 timeout.tv_usec += 1000000; 738 timeout.tv_sec--; 739 } 740 while (timeout.tv_usec >= 1000000) { 741 timeout.tv_usec -= 1000000; 742 timeout.tv_sec++; 743 } 744 if (timeout.tv_sec < 0) 745 timeout.tv_sec = timeout.tv_usec = 0; 746 n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout); 747 if (n < 0) 748 continue; /* Must be EINTR. */ 749 if (n == 1) { 750 struct timeval *tv = NULL; 751 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 752 struct cmsghdr *cmsg = (struct cmsghdr *)&ctrl; 753 754 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl); 755 #endif 756 msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from); 757 if ((cc = recvmsg(s, &msg, 0)) < 0) { 758 if (errno == EINTR) 759 continue; 760 warn("recvmsg"); 761 continue; 762 } 763 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 764 if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET && 765 cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP && 766 cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *tv)) { 767 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */ 768 memcpy(&now, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(now)); 769 tv = &now; 770 } 771 #endif 772 if (tv == NULL) { 773 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 774 tv = &now; 775 } 776 pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, tv); 777 if ((options & F_ONCE && nreceived) || 778 (npackets && nreceived >= npackets)) 779 break; 780 } 781 if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) { 782 if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets) 783 pinger(); 784 else { 785 if (almost_done) 786 break; 787 almost_done = 1; 788 intvl.tv_usec = 0; 789 if (nreceived) { 790 intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000; 791 if (!intvl.tv_sec) 792 intvl.tv_sec = 1; 793 } else 794 intvl.tv_sec = MAXWAIT; 795 } 796 (void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL); 797 if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) { 798 nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1; 799 if (options & F_MISSED) 800 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1); 801 } 802 } 803 } 804 finish(); 805 /* NOTREACHED */ 806 exit(0); /* Make the compiler happy */ 807 } 808 809 /* 810 * stopit -- 811 * Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit. 812 * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much 813 * to be called from a signal handler. 814 */ 815 void 816 stopit(sig) 817 int sig __unused; 818 { 819 820 /* 821 * When doing reverse DNS lookups, the finish_up flag might not 822 * be noticed for a while. Just exit if we get a second SIGINT. 823 */ 824 if (!(options & F_NUMERIC) && finish_up) 825 _exit(nreceived ? 0 : 2); 826 finish_up = 1; 827 } 828 829 /* 830 * pinger -- 831 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 832 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 833 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first TIMEVAL_LEN 834 * bytes of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in 835 * host byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 836 */ 837 static void 838 pinger(void) 839 { 840 struct timeval now; 841 struct ip *ip; 842 struct icmp *icp; 843 int cc, i; 844 u_char *packet; 845 846 packet = outpack; 847 icp = (struct icmp *)outpack; 848 icp->icmp_type = icmp_type; 849 icp->icmp_code = 0; 850 icp->icmp_cksum = 0; 851 icp->icmp_seq = htons(ntransmitted); 852 icp->icmp_id = ident; /* ID */ 853 854 CLR(ntransmitted % mx_dup_ck); 855 856 if ((options & F_TIME) || timing) { 857 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 858 859 if (options & F_TIME) 860 icp->icmp_otime = htonl((now.tv_sec % (24*60*60)) 861 * 1000 + now.tv_usec / 1000); 862 if (timing) 863 bcopy((void *)&now, 864 (void *)&outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len], 865 sizeof(struct timeval)); 866 } 867 868 cc = ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + datalen; 869 870 /* compute ICMP checksum here */ 871 icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc); 872 873 if (options & F_HDRINCL) { 874 cc += sizeof(struct ip); 875 ip = (struct ip *)outpackhdr; 876 ip->ip_len = cc; 877 ip->ip_sum = in_cksum((u_short *)outpackhdr, cc); 878 packet = outpackhdr; 879 } 880 i = sendto(s, (char *)packet, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto, 881 sizeof(whereto)); 882 883 if (i < 0 || i != cc) { 884 if (i < 0) { 885 if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) { 886 usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF); 887 return; 888 } 889 warn("sendto"); 890 } else { 891 warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes", 892 hostname, i, cc); 893 } 894 } 895 ntransmitted++; 896 if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD) 897 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1); 898 } 899 900 /* 901 * pr_pack -- 902 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 903 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 904 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 905 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 906 */ 907 static void 908 pr_pack(buf, cc, from, tv) 909 char *buf; 910 int cc; 911 struct sockaddr_in *from; 912 struct timeval *tv; 913 { 914 struct in_addr ina; 915 u_char *cp, *dp; 916 struct icmp *icp; 917 struct ip *ip; 918 const void *tp; 919 double triptime; 920 int dupflag, hlen, i, j, recv_len, seq; 921 static int old_rrlen; 922 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 923 924 /* Check the IP header */ 925 ip = (struct ip *)buf; 926 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 927 recv_len = cc; 928 if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 929 if (options & F_VERBOSE) 930 warn("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc, 931 inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 932 return; 933 } 934 935 /* Now the ICMP part */ 936 cc -= hlen; 937 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 938 if (icp->icmp_type == icmp_type_rsp) { 939 if (icp->icmp_id != ident) 940 return; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */ 941 ++nreceived; 942 triptime = 0.0; 943 if (timing) { 944 struct timeval tv1; 945 #ifndef icmp_data 946 tp = &icp->icmp_ip; 947 #else 948 tp = icp->icmp_data; 949 #endif 950 tp = (const char *)tp + phdr_len; 951 952 if (cc - ICMP_MINLEN - phdr_len >= sizeof(tv1)) { 953 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */ 954 memcpy(&tv1, tp, sizeof(tv1)); 955 tvsub(tv, &tv1); 956 triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 + 957 ((double)tv->tv_usec) / 1000.0; 958 tsum += triptime; 959 tsumsq += triptime * triptime; 960 if (triptime < tmin) 961 tmin = triptime; 962 if (triptime > tmax) 963 tmax = triptime; 964 } else 965 timing = 0; 966 } 967 968 seq = ntohs(icp->icmp_seq); 969 970 if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) { 971 ++nrepeats; 972 --nreceived; 973 dupflag = 1; 974 } else { 975 SET(seq % mx_dup_ck); 976 dupflag = 0; 977 } 978 979 if (options & F_QUIET) 980 return; 981 982 if (options & F_FLOOD) 983 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1); 984 else { 985 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, 986 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr), 987 seq); 988 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl); 989 if (timing) 990 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime); 991 if (dupflag) 992 (void)printf(" (DUP!)"); 993 if (options & F_AUDIBLE) 994 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1); 995 if (options & F_MASK) { 996 /* Just prentend this cast isn't ugly */ 997 (void)printf(" mask=%s", 998 pr_addr(*(struct in_addr *)&(icp->icmp_mask))); 999 } 1000 if (options & F_TIME) { 1001 (void)printf(" tso=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_otime)); 1002 (void)printf(" tsr=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_rtime)); 1003 (void)printf(" tst=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_ttime)); 1004 } 1005 if (recv_len != send_len) { 1006 (void)printf( 1007 "\nwrong total length %d instead of %d", 1008 recv_len, send_len); 1009 } 1010 /* check the data */ 1011 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[phdr_len]; 1012 dp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len]; 1013 cc -= ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len; 1014 i = 0; 1015 if (timing) { /* don't check variable timestamp */ 1016 cp += TIMEVAL_LEN; 1017 dp += TIMEVAL_LEN; 1018 cc -= TIMEVAL_LEN; 1019 i += TIMEVAL_LEN; 1020 } 1021 for (; i < datalen && cc > 0; ++i, ++cp, ++dp, --cc) { 1022 if (*cp != *dp) { 1023 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x", 1024 i, *dp, *cp); 1025 (void)printf("\ncp:"); 1026 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0]; 1027 for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { 1028 if ((i % 16) == 8) 1029 (void)printf("\n\t"); 1030 (void)printf("%2x ", *cp); 1031 } 1032 (void)printf("\ndp:"); 1033 cp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN]; 1034 for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { 1035 if ((i % 16) == 8) 1036 (void)printf("\n\t"); 1037 (void)printf("%2x ", *cp); 1038 } 1039 break; 1040 } 1041 } 1042 } 1043 } else { 1044 /* 1045 * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY. 1046 * See if it's a reply to something that we sent. 1047 * We can compare IP destination, protocol, 1048 * and ICMP type and ID. 1049 * 1050 * Only print all the error messages if we are running 1051 * as root to avoid leaking information not normally 1052 * available to those not running as root. 1053 */ 1054 #ifndef icmp_data 1055 struct ip *oip = &icp->icmp_ip; 1056 #else 1057 struct ip *oip = (struct ip *)icp->icmp_data; 1058 #endif 1059 struct icmp *oicmp = (struct icmp *)(oip + 1); 1060 1061 if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) || 1062 (!(options & F_QUIET2) && 1063 (oip->ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) && 1064 (oip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) && 1065 (oicmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) && 1066 (oicmp->icmp_id == ident))) { 1067 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, 1068 pr_addr(from->sin_addr)); 1069 pr_icmph(icp); 1070 } else 1071 return; 1072 } 1073 1074 /* Display any IP options */ 1075 cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip); 1076 1077 for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp) 1078 switch (*cp) { 1079 case IPOPT_EOL: 1080 hlen = 0; 1081 break; 1082 case IPOPT_LSRR: 1083 case IPOPT_SSRR: 1084 (void)printf(*cp == IPOPT_LSRR ? 1085 "\nLSRR: " : "\nSSRR: "); 1086 j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1; 1087 hlen -= 2; 1088 cp += 2; 1089 if (j >= INADDR_LEN && 1090 j <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 1091 for (;;) { 1092 bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN); 1093 if (ina.s_addr == 0) 1094 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 1095 else 1096 (void)printf("\t%s", 1097 pr_addr(ina)); 1098 hlen -= INADDR_LEN; 1099 cp += INADDR_LEN - 1; 1100 j -= INADDR_LEN; 1101 if (j < INADDR_LEN) 1102 break; 1103 (void)putchar('\n'); 1104 } 1105 } else 1106 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)\n"); 1107 break; 1108 case IPOPT_RR: 1109 j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN]; /* get length */ 1110 i = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET]; /* and pointer */ 1111 hlen -= 2; 1112 cp += 2; 1113 if (i > j) 1114 i = j; 1115 i = i - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1; 1116 if (i < 0 || i > (hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip))) { 1117 old_rrlen = 0; 1118 continue; 1119 } 1120 if (i == old_rrlen 1121 && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i) 1122 && !(options & F_FLOOD)) { 1123 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 1124 hlen -= i; 1125 cp += i; 1126 break; 1127 } 1128 old_rrlen = i; 1129 bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i); 1130 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 1131 if (i >= INADDR_LEN && 1132 i <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 1133 for (;;) { 1134 bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN); 1135 if (ina.s_addr == 0) 1136 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 1137 else 1138 (void)printf("\t%s", 1139 pr_addr(ina)); 1140 hlen -= INADDR_LEN; 1141 cp += INADDR_LEN - 1; 1142 i -= INADDR_LEN; 1143 if (i < INADDR_LEN) 1144 break; 1145 (void)putchar('\n'); 1146 } 1147 } else 1148 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)"); 1149 break; 1150 case IPOPT_NOP: 1151 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 1152 break; 1153 default: 1154 (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp); 1155 break; 1156 } 1157 if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) { 1158 (void)putchar('\n'); 1159 (void)fflush(stdout); 1160 } 1161 } 1162 1163 /* 1164 * in_cksum -- 1165 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) 1166 */ 1167 u_short 1168 in_cksum(addr, len) 1169 u_short *addr; 1170 int len; 1171 { 1172 int nleft, sum; 1173 u_short *w; 1174 union { 1175 u_short us; 1176 u_char uc[2]; 1177 } last; 1178 u_short answer; 1179 1180 nleft = len; 1181 sum = 0; 1182 w = addr; 1183 1184 /* 1185 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add 1186 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the 1187 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits. 1188 */ 1189 while (nleft > 1) { 1190 sum += *w++; 1191 nleft -= 2; 1192 } 1193 1194 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ 1195 if (nleft == 1) { 1196 last.uc[0] = *(u_char *)w; 1197 last.uc[1] = 0; 1198 sum += last.us; 1199 } 1200 1201 /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ 1202 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ 1203 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ 1204 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ 1205 return(answer); 1206 } 1207 1208 /* 1209 * tvsub -- 1210 * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. Out is assumed to 1211 * be >= in. 1212 */ 1213 static void 1214 tvsub(out, in) 1215 struct timeval *out, *in; 1216 { 1217 1218 if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) { 1219 --out->tv_sec; 1220 out->tv_usec += 1000000; 1221 } 1222 out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec; 1223 } 1224 1225 /* 1226 * status -- 1227 * Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1228 */ 1229 1230 static void 1231 status(sig) 1232 int sig __unused; 1233 { 1234 1235 siginfo_p = 1; 1236 } 1237 1238 static void 1239 check_status() 1240 { 1241 1242 if (siginfo_p) { 1243 siginfo_p = 0; 1244 (void)fprintf(stderr, "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.0f%%)", 1245 nreceived, ntransmitted, 1246 ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0); 1247 if (nreceived && timing) 1248 (void)fprintf(stderr, " %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max", 1249 tmin, tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats), tmax); 1250 (void)fprintf(stderr, "\n"); 1251 } 1252 } 1253 1254 /* 1255 * finish -- 1256 * Print out statistics, and give up. 1257 */ 1258 static void 1259 finish() 1260 { 1261 1262 (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 1263 (void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN); 1264 (void)putchar('\n'); 1265 (void)fflush(stdout); 1266 (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname); 1267 (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1268 (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived); 1269 if (nrepeats) 1270 (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1271 if (ntransmitted) { 1272 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1273 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 1274 else 1275 (void)printf("%d%% packet loss", 1276 (int)(((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) / 1277 ntransmitted)); 1278 } 1279 (void)putchar('\n'); 1280 if (nreceived && timing) { 1281 double n = nreceived + nrepeats; 1282 double avg = tsum / n; 1283 double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg; 1284 (void)printf( 1285 "round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 1286 tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari)); 1287 } 1288 1289 if (nreceived) 1290 exit(0); 1291 else 1292 exit(2); 1293 } 1294 1295 #ifdef notdef 1296 static char *ttab[] = { 1297 "Echo Reply", /* ip + seq + udata */ 1298 "Dest Unreachable", /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */ 1299 "Source Quench", /* IP */ 1300 "Redirect", /* redirect type, gateway, + IP */ 1301 "Echo", 1302 "Time Exceeded", /* transit, frag reassem + IP */ 1303 "Parameter Problem", /* pointer + IP */ 1304 "Timestamp", /* id + seq + three timestamps */ 1305 "Timestamp Reply", /* " */ 1306 "Info Request", /* id + sq */ 1307 "Info Reply" /* " */ 1308 }; 1309 #endif 1310 1311 /* 1312 * pr_icmph -- 1313 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header. 1314 */ 1315 static void 1316 pr_icmph(icp) 1317 struct icmp *icp; 1318 { 1319 1320 switch(icp->icmp_type) { 1321 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1322 (void)printf("Echo Reply\n"); 1323 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 1324 break; 1325 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1326 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1327 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1328 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n"); 1329 break; 1330 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1331 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n"); 1332 break; 1333 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1334 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n"); 1335 break; 1336 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1337 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n"); 1338 break; 1339 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1340 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n", 1341 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1342 break; 1343 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1344 (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n"); 1345 break; 1346 case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB: 1347 (void)printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n"); 1348 break; 1349 default: 1350 (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n", 1351 icp->icmp_code); 1352 break; 1353 } 1354 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1355 #ifndef icmp_data 1356 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1357 #else 1358 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1359 #endif 1360 break; 1361 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1362 (void)printf("Source Quench\n"); 1363 #ifndef icmp_data 1364 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1365 #else 1366 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1367 #endif 1368 break; 1369 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1370 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1371 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1372 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 1373 break; 1374 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1375 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 1376 break; 1377 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1378 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 1379 break; 1380 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1381 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 1382 break; 1383 default: 1384 (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1385 break; 1386 } 1387 (void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr)); 1388 #ifndef icmp_data 1389 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1390 #else 1391 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1392 #endif 1393 break; 1394 case ICMP_ECHO: 1395 (void)printf("Echo Request\n"); 1396 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 1397 break; 1398 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1399 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1400 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1401 (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n"); 1402 break; 1403 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1404 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n"); 1405 break; 1406 default: 1407 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n", 1408 icp->icmp_code); 1409 break; 1410 } 1411 #ifndef icmp_data 1412 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1413 #else 1414 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1415 #endif 1416 break; 1417 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1418 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n", 1419 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1420 #ifndef icmp_data 1421 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1422 #else 1423 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1424 #endif 1425 break; 1426 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1427 (void)printf("Timestamp\n"); 1428 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 1429 break; 1430 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1431 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n"); 1432 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 1433 break; 1434 case ICMP_IREQ: 1435 (void)printf("Information Request\n"); 1436 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 1437 break; 1438 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1439 (void)printf("Information Reply\n"); 1440 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 1441 break; 1442 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1443 (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n"); 1444 break; 1445 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1446 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n"); 1447 break; 1448 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1449 (void)printf("Router Advertisement\n"); 1450 break; 1451 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1452 (void)printf("Router Solicitation\n"); 1453 break; 1454 default: 1455 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type); 1456 } 1457 } 1458 1459 /* 1460 * pr_iph -- 1461 * Print an IP header with options. 1462 */ 1463 static void 1464 pr_iph(ip) 1465 struct ip *ip; 1466 { 1467 u_char *cp; 1468 int hlen; 1469 1470 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1471 cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */ 1472 1473 (void)printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1474 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1475 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len), 1476 ntohs(ip->ip_id)); 1477 (void)printf(" %1lx %04lx", 1478 (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13, 1479 (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff); 1480 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, 1481 ntohs(ip->ip_sum)); 1482 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 1483 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 1484 /* dump any option bytes */ 1485 while (hlen-- > 20) { 1486 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1487 } 1488 (void)putchar('\n'); 1489 } 1490 1491 /* 1492 * pr_addr -- 1493 * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with 1494 * a hostname. 1495 */ 1496 static char * 1497 pr_addr(ina) 1498 struct in_addr ina; 1499 { 1500 struct hostent *hp; 1501 static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 1502 1503 if ((options & F_NUMERIC) || 1504 !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&ina, 4, AF_INET))) 1505 return inet_ntoa(ina); 1506 else 1507 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1508 inet_ntoa(ina)); 1509 return(buf); 1510 } 1511 1512 /* 1513 * pr_retip -- 1514 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1515 */ 1516 static void 1517 pr_retip(ip) 1518 struct ip *ip; 1519 { 1520 u_char *cp; 1521 int hlen; 1522 1523 pr_iph(ip); 1524 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1525 cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen; 1526 1527 if (ip->ip_p == 6) 1528 (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1529 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1530 else if (ip->ip_p == 17) 1531 (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1532 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1533 } 1534 1535 static char * 1536 pr_ntime (n_time timestamp) 1537 { 1538 static char buf[10]; 1539 int hour, min, sec; 1540 1541 sec = ntohl(timestamp) / 1000; 1542 hour = sec / 60 / 60; 1543 min = (sec % (60 * 60)) / 60; 1544 sec = (sec % (60 * 60)) % 60; 1545 1546 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%02d:%02d:%02d", hour, min, sec); 1547 1548 return (buf); 1549 } 1550 1551 static void 1552 fill(bp, patp) 1553 char *bp, *patp; 1554 { 1555 char *cp; 1556 int pat[16]; 1557 u_int ii, jj, kk; 1558 1559 for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) { 1560 if (!isxdigit(*cp)) 1561 errx(EX_USAGE, 1562 "patterns must be specified as hex digits"); 1563 1564 } 1565 ii = sscanf(patp, 1566 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1567 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], 1568 &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12], 1569 &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1570 1571 if (ii > 0) 1572 for (kk = 0; kk <= maxpayload - (TIMEVAL_LEN + ii); kk += ii) 1573 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1574 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj]; 1575 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) { 1576 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1577 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1578 (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF); 1579 (void)printf("\n"); 1580 } 1581 } 1582 1583 #if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) 1584 #define SECOPT " [-P policy]" 1585 #else 1586 #define SECOPT "" 1587 #endif 1588 static void 1589 usage() 1590 { 1591 1592 (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n", 1593 "usage: ping [-AaDdfnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-M mask | time]", 1594 " [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr] [-s packetsize]", 1595 " [-t timeout] [-z tos] host", 1596 " ping [-AaDdfLnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-I iface] [-i wait] [-l preload]", 1597 " [-M mask | time] [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr]", 1598 " [-s packetsize] [-T ttl] [-t timeout] [-z tos] mcast-group"); 1599 exit(EX_USAGE); 1600 } 1601