1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6 * Mike Muuss. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10 * are met: 11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18 * without specific prior written permission. 19 * 20 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30 * SUCH DAMAGE. 31 */ 32 33 #if 0 34 #ifndef lint 35 static const char copyright[] = 36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\ 37 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; 38 #endif /* not lint */ 39 40 #ifndef lint 41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93"; 42 #endif /* not lint */ 43 #endif 44 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 45 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 46 47 /* 48 * P I N G . C 49 * 50 * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 51 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 52 * 53 * Author - 54 * Mike Muuss 55 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 56 * December, 1983 57 * 58 * Status - 59 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 60 * Bugs - 61 * More statistics could always be gathered. 62 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 63 */ 64 65 #include <sys/param.h> /* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */ 66 #include <sys/socket.h> 67 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 68 #include <sys/time.h> 69 #include <sys/uio.h> 70 71 #include <netinet/in.h> 72 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 73 #include <netinet/ip.h> 74 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 75 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 76 #include <arpa/inet.h> 77 78 #ifdef IPSEC 79 #include <netinet6/ipsec.h> 80 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 81 82 #include <ctype.h> 83 #include <err.h> 84 #include <errno.h> 85 #include <math.h> 86 #include <netdb.h> 87 #include <signal.h> 88 #include <stdio.h> 89 #include <stdlib.h> 90 #include <string.h> 91 #include <sysexits.h> 92 #include <unistd.h> 93 94 #define INADDR_LEN ((int)sizeof(in_addr_t)) 95 #define TIMEVAL_LEN ((int)sizeof(struct tv32)) 96 #define MASK_LEN (ICMP_MASKLEN - ICMP_MINLEN) 97 #define TS_LEN (ICMP_TSLEN - ICMP_MINLEN) 98 #define DEFDATALEN 56 /* default data length */ 99 #define FLOOD_BACKOFF 20000 /* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */ 100 /* runs out of buffer space */ 101 #define MAXIPLEN (sizeof(struct ip) + MAX_IPOPTLEN) 102 #define MAXICMPLEN (ICMP_ADVLENMIN + MAX_IPOPTLEN) 103 #define MAXWAIT 10 /* max seconds to wait for response */ 104 #define MAXALARM (60 * 60) /* max seconds for alarm timeout */ 105 #define MAXTOS 255 106 107 #define A(bit) rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3] /* identify byte in array */ 108 #define B(bit) (1 << ((bit) & 0x07)) /* identify bit in byte */ 109 #define SET(bit) (A(bit) |= B(bit)) 110 #define CLR(bit) (A(bit) &= (~B(bit))) 111 #define TST(bit) (A(bit) & B(bit)) 112 113 struct tv32 { 114 int32_t tv32_sec; 115 int32_t tv32_usec; 116 }; 117 118 /* various options */ 119 int options; 120 #define F_FLOOD 0x0001 121 #define F_INTERVAL 0x0002 122 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0004 123 #define F_PINGFILLED 0x0008 124 #define F_QUIET 0x0010 125 #define F_RROUTE 0x0020 126 #define F_SO_DEBUG 0x0040 127 #define F_SO_DONTROUTE 0x0080 128 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0100 129 #define F_QUIET2 0x0200 130 #define F_NOLOOP 0x0400 131 #define F_MTTL 0x0800 132 #define F_MIF 0x1000 133 #define F_AUDIBLE 0x2000 134 #ifdef IPSEC 135 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 136 #define F_POLICY 0x4000 137 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 138 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 139 #define F_TTL 0x8000 140 #define F_MISSED 0x10000 141 #define F_ONCE 0x20000 142 #define F_HDRINCL 0x40000 143 #define F_MASK 0x80000 144 #define F_TIME 0x100000 145 #define F_SWEEP 0x200000 146 147 /* 148 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum 149 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of. Change 128 150 * to 8192 for complete accuracy... 151 */ 152 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 128) 153 int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK; 154 char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8]; 155 156 struct sockaddr_in whereto; /* who to ping */ 157 int datalen = DEFDATALEN; 158 int maxpayload; 159 int s; /* socket file descriptor */ 160 u_char outpackhdr[IP_MAXPACKET], *outpack; 161 char BBELL = '\a'; /* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */ 162 char BSPACE = '\b'; /* characters written for flood */ 163 char DOT = '.'; 164 char *hostname; 165 char *shostname; 166 int ident; /* process id to identify our packets */ 167 int uid; /* cached uid for micro-optimization */ 168 u_char icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 169 u_char icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 170 int phdr_len = 0; 171 int send_len; 172 173 /* counters */ 174 long nmissedmax; /* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */ 175 long npackets; /* max packets to transmit */ 176 long nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 177 long nrepeats; /* number of duplicates */ 178 long ntransmitted; /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */ 179 long snpackets; /* max packets to transmit in one sweep */ 180 long snreceived; /* # of packets we got back in this sweep */ 181 long sntransmitted; /* # of packets we sent in this sweep */ 182 int sweepmax; /* max value of payload in sweep */ 183 int sweepmin = 0; /* start value of payload in sweep */ 184 int sweepincr = 1; /* payload increment in sweep */ 185 int interval = 1000; /* interval between packets, ms */ 186 187 /* timing */ 188 int timing; /* flag to do timing */ 189 double tmin = 999999999.0; /* minimum round trip time */ 190 double tmax = 0.0; /* maximum round trip time */ 191 double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times, for doing average */ 192 double tsumsq = 0.0; /* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */ 193 194 volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up; /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */ 195 volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p; 196 197 static void fill(char *, char *); 198 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int); 199 static void check_status(void); 200 static void finish(void) __dead2; 201 static void pinger(void); 202 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr); 203 static char *pr_ntime(n_time); 204 static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *); 205 static void pr_iph(struct ip *); 206 static void pr_pack(char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timeval *); 207 static void pr_retip(struct ip *); 208 static void status(int); 209 static void stopit(int); 210 static void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 211 static void usage(void) __dead2; 212 213 int 214 main(argc, argv) 215 int argc; 216 char *const *argv; 217 { 218 struct sockaddr_in from, sock_in; 219 struct in_addr ifaddr; 220 struct timeval last, intvl; 221 struct iovec iov; 222 struct ip *ip; 223 struct msghdr msg; 224 struct sigaction si_sa; 225 size_t sz; 226 u_char *datap, packet[IP_MAXPACKET]; 227 char *ep, *source, *target, *payload; 228 struct hostent *hp; 229 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 230 char *policy_in, *policy_out; 231 #endif 232 struct sockaddr_in *to; 233 double t; 234 u_long alarmtimeout, ultmp; 235 int almost_done, ch, df, hold, i, icmp_len, mib[4], preload, sockerrno, 236 tos, ttl; 237 char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))]; 238 char hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 239 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS 240 char rspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 241 #endif 242 unsigned char loop, mttl; 243 244 payload = source = NULL; 245 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 246 policy_in = policy_out = NULL; 247 #endif 248 249 /* 250 * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and 251 * then drop our setuid bit. Save error reporting for 252 * after arg parsing. 253 */ 254 s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP); 255 sockerrno = errno; 256 257 setuid(getuid()); 258 uid = getuid(); 259 260 alarmtimeout = df = preload = tos = 0; 261 262 outpack = outpackhdr + sizeof(struct ip); 263 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, 264 "Aac:DdfG:g:h:I:i:Ll:M:m:nop:QqRrS:s:T:t:vz:" 265 #ifdef IPSEC 266 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 267 "P:" 268 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 269 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 270 )) != -1) 271 { 272 switch(ch) { 273 case 'A': 274 options |= F_MISSED; 275 break; 276 case 'a': 277 options |= F_AUDIBLE; 278 break; 279 case 'c': 280 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 281 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > LONG_MAX || !ultmp) 282 errx(EX_USAGE, 283 "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'", 284 optarg); 285 npackets = ultmp; 286 break; 287 case 'D': 288 options |= F_HDRINCL; 289 df = 1; 290 break; 291 case 'd': 292 options |= F_SO_DEBUG; 293 break; 294 case 'f': 295 if (uid) { 296 errno = EPERM; 297 err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag"); 298 } 299 options |= F_FLOOD; 300 setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL); 301 break; 302 case 'G': /* Maximum packet size for ping sweep */ 303 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 304 if (*ep || ep == optarg) 305 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'", 306 optarg); 307 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) { 308 errno = EPERM; 309 err(EX_NOPERM, 310 "packet size too large: %lu > %u", 311 ultmp, DEFDATALEN); 312 } 313 options |= F_SWEEP; 314 sweepmax = ultmp; 315 break; 316 case 'g': /* Minimum packet size for ping sweep */ 317 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 318 if (*ep || ep == optarg) 319 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'", 320 optarg); 321 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) { 322 errno = EPERM; 323 err(EX_NOPERM, 324 "packet size too large: %lu > %u", 325 ultmp, DEFDATALEN); 326 } 327 options |= F_SWEEP; 328 sweepmin = ultmp; 329 break; 330 case 'h': /* Packet size increment for ping sweep */ 331 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 332 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp < 1) 333 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid increment size: `%s'", 334 optarg); 335 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) { 336 errno = EPERM; 337 err(EX_NOPERM, 338 "packet size too large: %lu > %u", 339 ultmp, DEFDATALEN); 340 } 341 options |= F_SWEEP; 342 sweepincr = ultmp; 343 break; 344 case 'I': /* multicast interface */ 345 if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0) 346 errx(EX_USAGE, 347 "invalid multicast interface: `%s'", 348 optarg); 349 options |= F_MIF; 350 break; 351 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 352 t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0; 353 if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX) 354 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'", 355 optarg); 356 options |= F_INTERVAL; 357 interval = (int)t; 358 if (uid && interval < 1000) { 359 errno = EPERM; 360 err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short"); 361 } 362 break; 363 case 'L': 364 options |= F_NOLOOP; 365 loop = 0; 366 break; 367 case 'l': 368 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 369 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > INT_MAX) 370 errx(EX_USAGE, 371 "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg); 372 if (uid) { 373 errno = EPERM; 374 err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag"); 375 } 376 preload = ultmp; 377 break; 378 case 'M': 379 switch(optarg[0]) { 380 case 'M': 381 case 'm': 382 options |= F_MASK; 383 break; 384 case 'T': 385 case 't': 386 options |= F_TIME; 387 break; 388 default: 389 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid message: `%c'", optarg[0]); 390 break; 391 } 392 break; 393 case 'm': /* TTL */ 394 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 395 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL) 396 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", optarg); 397 ttl = ultmp; 398 options |= F_TTL; 399 break; 400 case 'n': 401 options |= F_NUMERIC; 402 break; 403 case 'o': 404 options |= F_ONCE; 405 break; 406 #ifdef IPSEC 407 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 408 case 'P': 409 options |= F_POLICY; 410 if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2)) 411 policy_in = strdup(optarg); 412 else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3)) 413 policy_out = strdup(optarg); 414 else 415 errx(1, "invalid security policy"); 416 break; 417 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 418 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 419 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 420 options |= F_PINGFILLED; 421 payload = optarg; 422 break; 423 case 'Q': 424 options |= F_QUIET2; 425 break; 426 case 'q': 427 options |= F_QUIET; 428 break; 429 case 'R': 430 options |= F_RROUTE; 431 break; 432 case 'r': 433 options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE; 434 break; 435 case 'S': 436 source = optarg; 437 break; 438 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 439 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 440 if (*ep || ep == optarg) 441 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'", 442 optarg); 443 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) { 444 errno = EPERM; 445 err(EX_NOPERM, 446 "packet size too large: %lu > %u", 447 ultmp, DEFDATALEN); 448 } 449 datalen = ultmp; 450 break; 451 case 'T': /* multicast TTL */ 452 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 453 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL) 454 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'", 455 optarg); 456 mttl = ultmp; 457 options |= F_MTTL; 458 break; 459 case 't': 460 alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 461 if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX)) 462 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'", 463 optarg); 464 if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM) 465 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d", 466 optarg, MAXALARM); 467 alarm((int)alarmtimeout); 468 break; 469 case 'v': 470 options |= F_VERBOSE; 471 break; 472 case 'z': 473 options |= F_HDRINCL; 474 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 475 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTOS) 476 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TOS: `%s'", optarg); 477 tos = ultmp; 478 break; 479 default: 480 usage(); 481 } 482 } 483 484 if (argc - optind != 1) 485 usage(); 486 target = argv[optind]; 487 488 switch (options & (F_MASK|F_TIME)) { 489 case 0: break; 490 case F_MASK: 491 icmp_type = ICMP_MASKREQ; 492 icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_MASKREPLY; 493 phdr_len = MASK_LEN; 494 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) 495 (void)printf("ICMP_MASKREQ\n"); 496 break; 497 case F_TIME: 498 icmp_type = ICMP_TSTAMP; 499 icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY; 500 phdr_len = TS_LEN; 501 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) 502 (void)printf("ICMP_TSTAMP\n"); 503 break; 504 default: 505 errx(EX_USAGE, "ICMP_TSTAMP and ICMP_MASKREQ are exclusive."); 506 break; 507 } 508 icmp_len = sizeof(struct ip) + ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len; 509 if (options & F_RROUTE) 510 icmp_len += MAX_IPOPTLEN; 511 maxpayload = IP_MAXPACKET - icmp_len; 512 if (datalen > maxpayload) 513 errx(EX_USAGE, "packet size too large: %d > %d", datalen, 514 maxpayload); 515 send_len = icmp_len + datalen; 516 datap = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + TIMEVAL_LEN]; 517 if (options & F_PINGFILLED) { 518 fill((char *)datap, payload); 519 } 520 if (source) { 521 bzero((char *)&sock_in, sizeof(sock_in)); 522 sock_in.sin_family = AF_INET; 523 if (inet_aton(source, &sock_in.sin_addr) != 0) { 524 shostname = source; 525 } else { 526 hp = gethostbyname2(source, AF_INET); 527 if (!hp) 528 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s", 529 source, hstrerror(h_errno)); 530 531 sock_in.sin_len = sizeof sock_in; 532 if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr) || 533 hp->h_length < 0) 534 errx(1, "gethostbyname2: illegal address"); 535 memcpy(&sock_in.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], 536 sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr)); 537 (void)strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name, 538 sizeof(snamebuf) - 1); 539 snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0'; 540 shostname = snamebuf; 541 } 542 if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sock_in, sizeof sock_in) == -1) 543 err(1, "bind"); 544 } 545 546 bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto)); 547 to = &whereto; 548 to->sin_family = AF_INET; 549 to->sin_len = sizeof *to; 550 if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) { 551 hostname = target; 552 } else { 553 hp = gethostbyname2(target, AF_INET); 554 if (!hp) 555 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s", 556 target, hstrerror(h_errno)); 557 558 if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr)) 559 errx(1, "gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address"); 560 memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr); 561 (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1); 562 hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0'; 563 hostname = hnamebuf; 564 } 565 566 if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL) 567 errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options"); 568 569 if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr))) 570 errx(EX_USAGE, 571 "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination"); 572 if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL) 573 && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr))) 574 errx(EX_USAGE, 575 "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination"); 576 577 if (datalen >= TIMEVAL_LEN) /* can we time transfer */ 578 timing = 1; 579 580 if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED)) 581 for (i = TIMEVAL_LEN; i < datalen; ++i) 582 *datap++ = i; 583 584 ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF; 585 586 if (s < 0) { 587 errno = sockerrno; 588 err(EX_OSERR, "socket"); 589 } 590 hold = 1; 591 if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) 592 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold, 593 sizeof(hold)); 594 if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE) 595 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold, 596 sizeof(hold)); 597 #ifdef IPSEC 598 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 599 if (options & F_POLICY) { 600 char *buf; 601 if (policy_in != NULL) { 602 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in)); 603 if (buf == NULL) 604 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 605 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 606 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) 607 err(EX_CONFIG, 608 "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 609 free(buf); 610 } 611 612 if (policy_out != NULL) { 613 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out)); 614 if (buf == NULL) 615 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 616 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 617 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) 618 err(EX_CONFIG, 619 "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 620 free(buf); 621 } 622 } 623 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 624 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 625 626 if (options & F_HDRINCL) { 627 ip = (struct ip*)outpackhdr; 628 if (!(options & (F_TTL | F_MTTL))) { 629 mib[0] = CTL_NET; 630 mib[1] = PF_INET; 631 mib[2] = IPPROTO_IP; 632 mib[3] = IPCTL_DEFTTL; 633 sz = sizeof(ttl); 634 if (sysctl(mib, 4, &ttl, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1) 635 err(1, "sysctl(net.inet.ip.ttl)"); 636 } 637 setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &hold, sizeof(hold)); 638 ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 639 ip->ip_hl = sizeof(struct ip) >> 2; 640 ip->ip_tos = tos; 641 ip->ip_id = 0; 642 ip->ip_off = df ? IP_DF : 0; 643 ip->ip_ttl = ttl; 644 ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 645 ip->ip_src.s_addr = source ? sock_in.sin_addr.s_addr : INADDR_ANY; 646 ip->ip_dst = to->sin_addr; 647 } 648 /* record route option */ 649 if (options & F_RROUTE) { 650 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS 651 bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace)); 652 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 653 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1; 654 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 655 rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL; 656 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, 657 sizeof(rspace)) < 0) 658 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS"); 659 #else 660 errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, 661 "record route not available in this implementation"); 662 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */ 663 } 664 665 if (options & F_TTL) { 666 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl, 667 sizeof(ttl)) < 0) { 668 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL"); 669 } 670 } 671 if (options & F_NOLOOP) { 672 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop, 673 sizeof(loop)) < 0) { 674 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP"); 675 } 676 } 677 if (options & F_MTTL) { 678 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl, 679 sizeof(mttl)) < 0) { 680 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL"); 681 } 682 } 683 if (options & F_MIF) { 684 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr, 685 sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) { 686 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF"); 687 } 688 } 689 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 690 { int on = 1; 691 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 692 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP"); 693 } 694 #endif 695 if (sweepmax) { 696 if (sweepmin >= sweepmax) 697 errx(EX_USAGE, "Maximum packet size must be greater than the minimum packet size"); 698 699 if (datalen != DEFDATALEN) 700 errx(EX_USAGE, "Packet size and ping sweep are mutually exclusive"); 701 702 if (npackets > 0) { 703 snpackets = npackets; 704 npackets = 0; 705 } else 706 snpackets = 1; 707 datalen = sweepmin; 708 send_len = icmp_len + sweepmin; 709 } 710 if (options & F_SWEEP && !sweepmax) 711 errx(EX_USAGE, "Maximum sweep size must be specified"); 712 713 /* 714 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers. 715 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the 716 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for 717 * /etc/ethers. But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast 718 * or multicast pings if they wish. 719 */ 720 721 /* 722 * XXX receive buffer needs undetermined space for mbuf overhead 723 * as well. 724 */ 725 hold = IP_MAXPACKET + 128; 726 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold, 727 sizeof(hold)); 728 if (uid == 0) 729 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold, 730 sizeof(hold)); 731 732 if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) { 733 (void)printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname, 734 inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr)); 735 if (source) 736 (void)printf(" from %s", shostname); 737 if (sweepmax) 738 (void)printf(": (%d ... %d) data bytes\n", 739 sweepmin, sweepmax); 740 else 741 (void)printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen); 742 743 } else { 744 if (sweepmax) 745 (void)printf("PING %s: (%d ... %d) data bytes\n", 746 hostname, sweepmin, sweepmax); 747 else 748 (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen); 749 } 750 751 /* 752 * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics, 753 * in particular with SA_RESTART not set. 754 */ 755 756 sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask); 757 si_sa.sa_flags = 0; 758 759 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit; 760 if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) { 761 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT"); 762 } 763 764 si_sa.sa_handler = status; 765 if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) { 766 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction"); 767 } 768 769 if (alarmtimeout > 0) { 770 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit; 771 if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1) 772 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM"); 773 } 774 775 bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg)); 776 msg.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from; 777 msg.msg_iov = &iov; 778 msg.msg_iovlen = 1; 779 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 780 msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)ctrl; 781 #endif 782 iov.iov_base = packet; 783 iov.iov_len = IP_MAXPACKET; 784 785 if (preload == 0) 786 pinger(); /* send the first ping */ 787 else { 788 if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets) 789 preload = npackets; 790 while (preload--) /* fire off them quickies */ 791 pinger(); 792 } 793 (void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL); 794 795 if (options & F_FLOOD) { 796 intvl.tv_sec = 0; 797 intvl.tv_usec = 10000; 798 } else { 799 intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000; 800 intvl.tv_usec = interval % 1000 * 1000; 801 } 802 803 almost_done = 0; 804 while (!finish_up) { 805 struct timeval now, timeout; 806 fd_set rfds; 807 int cc, n; 808 809 check_status(); 810 if ((unsigned)s >= FD_SETSIZE) 811 errx(EX_OSERR, "descriptor too large"); 812 FD_ZERO(&rfds); 813 FD_SET(s, &rfds); 814 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 815 timeout.tv_sec = last.tv_sec + intvl.tv_sec - now.tv_sec; 816 timeout.tv_usec = last.tv_usec + intvl.tv_usec - now.tv_usec; 817 while (timeout.tv_usec < 0) { 818 timeout.tv_usec += 1000000; 819 timeout.tv_sec--; 820 } 821 while (timeout.tv_usec >= 1000000) { 822 timeout.tv_usec -= 1000000; 823 timeout.tv_sec++; 824 } 825 if (timeout.tv_sec < 0) 826 timeout.tv_sec = timeout.tv_usec = 0; 827 n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout); 828 if (n < 0) 829 continue; /* Must be EINTR. */ 830 if (n == 1) { 831 struct timeval *tv = NULL; 832 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 833 struct cmsghdr *cmsg = (struct cmsghdr *)&ctrl; 834 835 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl); 836 #endif 837 msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from); 838 if ((cc = recvmsg(s, &msg, 0)) < 0) { 839 if (errno == EINTR) 840 continue; 841 warn("recvmsg"); 842 continue; 843 } 844 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 845 if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET && 846 cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP && 847 cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *tv)) { 848 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */ 849 memcpy(&now, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(now)); 850 tv = &now; 851 } 852 #endif 853 if (tv == NULL) { 854 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 855 tv = &now; 856 } 857 pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, tv); 858 if ((options & F_ONCE && nreceived) || 859 (npackets && nreceived >= npackets)) 860 break; 861 } 862 if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) { 863 if (sweepmax && sntransmitted == snpackets) { 864 for (i = 0; i < sweepincr ; ++i) 865 *datap++ = i; 866 datalen += sweepincr; 867 if (datalen > sweepmax) 868 break; 869 send_len = icmp_len + datalen; 870 sntransmitted = 0; 871 } 872 if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets) 873 pinger(); 874 else { 875 if (almost_done) 876 break; 877 almost_done = 1; 878 intvl.tv_usec = 0; 879 if (nreceived) { 880 intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000; 881 if (!intvl.tv_sec) 882 intvl.tv_sec = 1; 883 } else 884 intvl.tv_sec = MAXWAIT; 885 } 886 (void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL); 887 if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) { 888 nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1; 889 if (options & F_MISSED) 890 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1); 891 } 892 } 893 } 894 finish(); 895 /* NOTREACHED */ 896 exit(0); /* Make the compiler happy */ 897 } 898 899 /* 900 * stopit -- 901 * Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit. 902 * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much 903 * to be called from a signal handler. 904 */ 905 void 906 stopit(sig) 907 int sig __unused; 908 { 909 910 /* 911 * When doing reverse DNS lookups, the finish_up flag might not 912 * be noticed for a while. Just exit if we get a second SIGINT. 913 */ 914 if (!(options & F_NUMERIC) && finish_up) 915 _exit(nreceived ? 0 : 2); 916 finish_up = 1; 917 } 918 919 /* 920 * pinger -- 921 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 922 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 923 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first TIMEVAL_LEN 924 * bytes of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in 925 * host byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 926 */ 927 static void 928 pinger(void) 929 { 930 struct timeval now; 931 struct tv32 tv32; 932 struct ip *ip; 933 struct icmp *icp; 934 int cc, i; 935 u_char *packet; 936 937 packet = outpack; 938 icp = (struct icmp *)outpack; 939 icp->icmp_type = icmp_type; 940 icp->icmp_code = 0; 941 icp->icmp_cksum = 0; 942 icp->icmp_seq = htons(ntransmitted); 943 icp->icmp_id = ident; /* ID */ 944 945 CLR(ntransmitted % mx_dup_ck); 946 947 if ((options & F_TIME) || timing) { 948 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 949 950 tv32.tv32_sec = htonl(now.tv_sec); 951 tv32.tv32_usec = htonl(now.tv_usec); 952 if (options & F_TIME) 953 icp->icmp_otime = htonl((now.tv_sec % (24*60*60)) 954 * 1000 + now.tv_usec / 1000); 955 if (timing) 956 bcopy((void *)&tv32, 957 (void *)&outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len], 958 sizeof(tv32)); 959 } 960 961 cc = ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + datalen; 962 963 /* compute ICMP checksum here */ 964 icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc); 965 966 if (options & F_HDRINCL) { 967 cc += sizeof(struct ip); 968 ip = (struct ip *)outpackhdr; 969 ip->ip_len = cc; 970 ip->ip_sum = in_cksum((u_short *)outpackhdr, cc); 971 packet = outpackhdr; 972 } 973 i = sendto(s, (char *)packet, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto, 974 sizeof(whereto)); 975 976 if (i < 0 || i != cc) { 977 if (i < 0) { 978 if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) { 979 usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF); 980 return; 981 } 982 warn("sendto"); 983 } else { 984 warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes", 985 hostname, i, cc); 986 } 987 } 988 ntransmitted++; 989 sntransmitted++; 990 if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD) 991 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1); 992 } 993 994 /* 995 * pr_pack -- 996 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 997 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 998 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 999 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 1000 */ 1001 static void 1002 pr_pack(buf, cc, from, tv) 1003 char *buf; 1004 int cc; 1005 struct sockaddr_in *from; 1006 struct timeval *tv; 1007 { 1008 struct in_addr ina; 1009 u_char *cp, *dp; 1010 struct icmp *icp; 1011 struct ip *ip; 1012 const void *tp; 1013 double triptime; 1014 int dupflag, hlen, i, j, recv_len, seq; 1015 static int old_rrlen; 1016 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 1017 1018 /* Check the IP header */ 1019 ip = (struct ip *)buf; 1020 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1021 recv_len = cc; 1022 if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 1023 if (options & F_VERBOSE) 1024 warn("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc, 1025 inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 1026 return; 1027 } 1028 1029 /* Now the ICMP part */ 1030 cc -= hlen; 1031 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 1032 if (icp->icmp_type == icmp_type_rsp) { 1033 if (icp->icmp_id != ident) 1034 return; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */ 1035 ++nreceived; 1036 triptime = 0.0; 1037 if (timing) { 1038 struct timeval tv1; 1039 struct tv32 tv32; 1040 #ifndef icmp_data 1041 tp = &icp->icmp_ip; 1042 #else 1043 tp = icp->icmp_data; 1044 #endif 1045 tp = (const char *)tp + phdr_len; 1046 1047 if (cc - ICMP_MINLEN - phdr_len >= sizeof(tv1)) { 1048 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */ 1049 memcpy(&tv32, tp, sizeof(tv32)); 1050 tv1.tv_sec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_sec); 1051 tv1.tv_usec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_usec); 1052 tvsub(tv, &tv1); 1053 triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 + 1054 ((double)tv->tv_usec) / 1000.0; 1055 tsum += triptime; 1056 tsumsq += triptime * triptime; 1057 if (triptime < tmin) 1058 tmin = triptime; 1059 if (triptime > tmax) 1060 tmax = triptime; 1061 } else 1062 timing = 0; 1063 } 1064 1065 seq = ntohs(icp->icmp_seq); 1066 1067 if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) { 1068 ++nrepeats; 1069 --nreceived; 1070 dupflag = 1; 1071 } else { 1072 SET(seq % mx_dup_ck); 1073 dupflag = 0; 1074 } 1075 1076 if (options & F_QUIET) 1077 return; 1078 1079 if (options & F_FLOOD) 1080 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1); 1081 else { 1082 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, 1083 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr), 1084 seq); 1085 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl); 1086 if (timing) 1087 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime); 1088 if (dupflag) 1089 (void)printf(" (DUP!)"); 1090 if (options & F_AUDIBLE) 1091 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1); 1092 if (options & F_MASK) { 1093 /* Just prentend this cast isn't ugly */ 1094 (void)printf(" mask=%s", 1095 pr_addr(*(struct in_addr *)&(icp->icmp_mask))); 1096 } 1097 if (options & F_TIME) { 1098 (void)printf(" tso=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_otime)); 1099 (void)printf(" tsr=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_rtime)); 1100 (void)printf(" tst=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_ttime)); 1101 } 1102 if (recv_len != send_len) { 1103 (void)printf( 1104 "\nwrong total length %d instead of %d", 1105 recv_len, send_len); 1106 } 1107 /* check the data */ 1108 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[phdr_len]; 1109 dp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len]; 1110 cc -= ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len; 1111 i = 0; 1112 if (timing) { /* don't check variable timestamp */ 1113 cp += TIMEVAL_LEN; 1114 dp += TIMEVAL_LEN; 1115 cc -= TIMEVAL_LEN; 1116 i += TIMEVAL_LEN; 1117 } 1118 for (; i < datalen && cc > 0; ++i, ++cp, ++dp, --cc) { 1119 if (*cp != *dp) { 1120 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x", 1121 i, *dp, *cp); 1122 (void)printf("\ncp:"); 1123 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0]; 1124 for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { 1125 if ((i % 16) == 8) 1126 (void)printf("\n\t"); 1127 (void)printf("%2x ", *cp); 1128 } 1129 (void)printf("\ndp:"); 1130 cp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN]; 1131 for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { 1132 if ((i % 16) == 8) 1133 (void)printf("\n\t"); 1134 (void)printf("%2x ", *cp); 1135 } 1136 break; 1137 } 1138 } 1139 } 1140 } else { 1141 /* 1142 * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY. 1143 * See if it's a reply to something that we sent. 1144 * We can compare IP destination, protocol, 1145 * and ICMP type and ID. 1146 * 1147 * Only print all the error messages if we are running 1148 * as root to avoid leaking information not normally 1149 * available to those not running as root. 1150 */ 1151 #ifndef icmp_data 1152 struct ip *oip = &icp->icmp_ip; 1153 #else 1154 struct ip *oip = (struct ip *)icp->icmp_data; 1155 #endif 1156 struct icmp *oicmp = (struct icmp *)(oip + 1); 1157 1158 if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) || 1159 (!(options & F_QUIET2) && 1160 (oip->ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) && 1161 (oip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) && 1162 (oicmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) && 1163 (oicmp->icmp_id == ident))) { 1164 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, 1165 pr_addr(from->sin_addr)); 1166 pr_icmph(icp); 1167 } else 1168 return; 1169 } 1170 1171 /* Display any IP options */ 1172 cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip); 1173 1174 for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp) 1175 switch (*cp) { 1176 case IPOPT_EOL: 1177 hlen = 0; 1178 break; 1179 case IPOPT_LSRR: 1180 case IPOPT_SSRR: 1181 (void)printf(*cp == IPOPT_LSRR ? 1182 "\nLSRR: " : "\nSSRR: "); 1183 j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1; 1184 hlen -= 2; 1185 cp += 2; 1186 if (j >= INADDR_LEN && 1187 j <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 1188 for (;;) { 1189 bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN); 1190 if (ina.s_addr == 0) 1191 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 1192 else 1193 (void)printf("\t%s", 1194 pr_addr(ina)); 1195 hlen -= INADDR_LEN; 1196 cp += INADDR_LEN - 1; 1197 j -= INADDR_LEN; 1198 if (j < INADDR_LEN) 1199 break; 1200 (void)putchar('\n'); 1201 } 1202 } else 1203 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)\n"); 1204 break; 1205 case IPOPT_RR: 1206 j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN]; /* get length */ 1207 i = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET]; /* and pointer */ 1208 hlen -= 2; 1209 cp += 2; 1210 if (i > j) 1211 i = j; 1212 i = i - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1; 1213 if (i < 0 || i > (hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip))) { 1214 old_rrlen = 0; 1215 continue; 1216 } 1217 if (i == old_rrlen 1218 && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i) 1219 && !(options & F_FLOOD)) { 1220 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 1221 hlen -= i; 1222 cp += i; 1223 break; 1224 } 1225 old_rrlen = i; 1226 bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i); 1227 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 1228 if (i >= INADDR_LEN && 1229 i <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 1230 for (;;) { 1231 bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN); 1232 if (ina.s_addr == 0) 1233 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 1234 else 1235 (void)printf("\t%s", 1236 pr_addr(ina)); 1237 hlen -= INADDR_LEN; 1238 cp += INADDR_LEN - 1; 1239 i -= INADDR_LEN; 1240 if (i < INADDR_LEN) 1241 break; 1242 (void)putchar('\n'); 1243 } 1244 } else 1245 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)"); 1246 break; 1247 case IPOPT_NOP: 1248 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 1249 break; 1250 default: 1251 (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp); 1252 break; 1253 } 1254 if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) { 1255 (void)putchar('\n'); 1256 (void)fflush(stdout); 1257 } 1258 } 1259 1260 /* 1261 * in_cksum -- 1262 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) 1263 */ 1264 u_short 1265 in_cksum(addr, len) 1266 u_short *addr; 1267 int len; 1268 { 1269 int nleft, sum; 1270 u_short *w; 1271 union { 1272 u_short us; 1273 u_char uc[2]; 1274 } last; 1275 u_short answer; 1276 1277 nleft = len; 1278 sum = 0; 1279 w = addr; 1280 1281 /* 1282 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add 1283 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the 1284 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits. 1285 */ 1286 while (nleft > 1) { 1287 sum += *w++; 1288 nleft -= 2; 1289 } 1290 1291 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ 1292 if (nleft == 1) { 1293 last.uc[0] = *(u_char *)w; 1294 last.uc[1] = 0; 1295 sum += last.us; 1296 } 1297 1298 /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ 1299 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ 1300 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ 1301 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ 1302 return(answer); 1303 } 1304 1305 /* 1306 * tvsub -- 1307 * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. Out is assumed to 1308 * be >= in. 1309 */ 1310 static void 1311 tvsub(out, in) 1312 struct timeval *out, *in; 1313 { 1314 1315 if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) { 1316 --out->tv_sec; 1317 out->tv_usec += 1000000; 1318 } 1319 out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec; 1320 } 1321 1322 /* 1323 * status -- 1324 * Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1325 */ 1326 1327 static void 1328 status(sig) 1329 int sig __unused; 1330 { 1331 1332 siginfo_p = 1; 1333 } 1334 1335 static void 1336 check_status() 1337 { 1338 1339 if (siginfo_p) { 1340 siginfo_p = 0; 1341 (void)fprintf(stderr, "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.0f%%)", 1342 nreceived, ntransmitted, 1343 ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0); 1344 if (nreceived && timing) 1345 (void)fprintf(stderr, " %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max", 1346 tmin, tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats), tmax); 1347 (void)fprintf(stderr, "\n"); 1348 } 1349 } 1350 1351 /* 1352 * finish -- 1353 * Print out statistics, and give up. 1354 */ 1355 static void 1356 finish() 1357 { 1358 1359 (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 1360 (void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN); 1361 (void)putchar('\n'); 1362 (void)fflush(stdout); 1363 (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname); 1364 (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1365 (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived); 1366 if (nrepeats) 1367 (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1368 if (ntransmitted) { 1369 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1370 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 1371 else 1372 (void)printf("%d%% packet loss", 1373 (int)(((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) / 1374 ntransmitted)); 1375 } 1376 (void)putchar('\n'); 1377 if (nreceived && timing) { 1378 double n = nreceived + nrepeats; 1379 double avg = tsum / n; 1380 double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg; 1381 (void)printf( 1382 "round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 1383 tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari)); 1384 } 1385 1386 if (nreceived) 1387 exit(0); 1388 else 1389 exit(2); 1390 } 1391 1392 #ifdef notdef 1393 static char *ttab[] = { 1394 "Echo Reply", /* ip + seq + udata */ 1395 "Dest Unreachable", /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */ 1396 "Source Quench", /* IP */ 1397 "Redirect", /* redirect type, gateway, + IP */ 1398 "Echo", 1399 "Time Exceeded", /* transit, frag reassem + IP */ 1400 "Parameter Problem", /* pointer + IP */ 1401 "Timestamp", /* id + seq + three timestamps */ 1402 "Timestamp Reply", /* " */ 1403 "Info Request", /* id + sq */ 1404 "Info Reply" /* " */ 1405 }; 1406 #endif 1407 1408 /* 1409 * pr_icmph -- 1410 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header. 1411 */ 1412 static void 1413 pr_icmph(icp) 1414 struct icmp *icp; 1415 { 1416 1417 switch(icp->icmp_type) { 1418 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1419 (void)printf("Echo Reply\n"); 1420 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 1421 break; 1422 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1423 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1424 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1425 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n"); 1426 break; 1427 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1428 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n"); 1429 break; 1430 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1431 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n"); 1432 break; 1433 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1434 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n"); 1435 break; 1436 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1437 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n", 1438 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1439 break; 1440 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1441 (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n"); 1442 break; 1443 case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB: 1444 (void)printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n"); 1445 break; 1446 default: 1447 (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n", 1448 icp->icmp_code); 1449 break; 1450 } 1451 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1452 #ifndef icmp_data 1453 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1454 #else 1455 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1456 #endif 1457 break; 1458 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1459 (void)printf("Source Quench\n"); 1460 #ifndef icmp_data 1461 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1462 #else 1463 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1464 #endif 1465 break; 1466 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1467 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1468 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1469 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 1470 break; 1471 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1472 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 1473 break; 1474 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1475 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 1476 break; 1477 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1478 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 1479 break; 1480 default: 1481 (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1482 break; 1483 } 1484 (void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr)); 1485 #ifndef icmp_data 1486 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1487 #else 1488 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1489 #endif 1490 break; 1491 case ICMP_ECHO: 1492 (void)printf("Echo Request\n"); 1493 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 1494 break; 1495 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1496 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1497 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1498 (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n"); 1499 break; 1500 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1501 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n"); 1502 break; 1503 default: 1504 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n", 1505 icp->icmp_code); 1506 break; 1507 } 1508 #ifndef icmp_data 1509 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1510 #else 1511 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1512 #endif 1513 break; 1514 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1515 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n", 1516 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1517 #ifndef icmp_data 1518 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1519 #else 1520 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1521 #endif 1522 break; 1523 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1524 (void)printf("Timestamp\n"); 1525 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 1526 break; 1527 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1528 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n"); 1529 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 1530 break; 1531 case ICMP_IREQ: 1532 (void)printf("Information Request\n"); 1533 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 1534 break; 1535 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1536 (void)printf("Information Reply\n"); 1537 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 1538 break; 1539 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1540 (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n"); 1541 break; 1542 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1543 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n"); 1544 break; 1545 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1546 (void)printf("Router Advertisement\n"); 1547 break; 1548 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1549 (void)printf("Router Solicitation\n"); 1550 break; 1551 default: 1552 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type); 1553 } 1554 } 1555 1556 /* 1557 * pr_iph -- 1558 * Print an IP header with options. 1559 */ 1560 static void 1561 pr_iph(ip) 1562 struct ip *ip; 1563 { 1564 u_char *cp; 1565 int hlen; 1566 1567 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1568 cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */ 1569 1570 (void)printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1571 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1572 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len), 1573 ntohs(ip->ip_id)); 1574 (void)printf(" %1lx %04lx", 1575 (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13, 1576 (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff); 1577 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, 1578 ntohs(ip->ip_sum)); 1579 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 1580 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 1581 /* dump any option bytes */ 1582 while (hlen-- > 20) { 1583 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1584 } 1585 (void)putchar('\n'); 1586 } 1587 1588 /* 1589 * pr_addr -- 1590 * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with 1591 * a hostname. 1592 */ 1593 static char * 1594 pr_addr(ina) 1595 struct in_addr ina; 1596 { 1597 struct hostent *hp; 1598 static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 1599 1600 if ((options & F_NUMERIC) || 1601 !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&ina, 4, AF_INET))) 1602 return inet_ntoa(ina); 1603 else 1604 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1605 inet_ntoa(ina)); 1606 return(buf); 1607 } 1608 1609 /* 1610 * pr_retip -- 1611 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1612 */ 1613 static void 1614 pr_retip(ip) 1615 struct ip *ip; 1616 { 1617 u_char *cp; 1618 int hlen; 1619 1620 pr_iph(ip); 1621 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1622 cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen; 1623 1624 if (ip->ip_p == 6) 1625 (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1626 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1627 else if (ip->ip_p == 17) 1628 (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1629 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1630 } 1631 1632 static char * 1633 pr_ntime (n_time timestamp) 1634 { 1635 static char buf[10]; 1636 int hour, min, sec; 1637 1638 sec = ntohl(timestamp) / 1000; 1639 hour = sec / 60 / 60; 1640 min = (sec % (60 * 60)) / 60; 1641 sec = (sec % (60 * 60)) % 60; 1642 1643 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%02d:%02d:%02d", hour, min, sec); 1644 1645 return (buf); 1646 } 1647 1648 static void 1649 fill(bp, patp) 1650 char *bp, *patp; 1651 { 1652 char *cp; 1653 int pat[16]; 1654 u_int ii, jj, kk; 1655 1656 for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) { 1657 if (!isxdigit(*cp)) 1658 errx(EX_USAGE, 1659 "patterns must be specified as hex digits"); 1660 1661 } 1662 ii = sscanf(patp, 1663 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1664 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], 1665 &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12], 1666 &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1667 1668 if (ii > 0) 1669 for (kk = 0; kk <= maxpayload - (TIMEVAL_LEN + ii); kk += ii) 1670 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1671 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj]; 1672 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) { 1673 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1674 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1675 (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF); 1676 (void)printf("\n"); 1677 } 1678 } 1679 1680 #if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) 1681 #define SECOPT " [-P policy]" 1682 #else 1683 #define SECOPT "" 1684 #endif 1685 static void 1686 usage() 1687 { 1688 1689 (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n", 1690 "usage: ping [-AaDdfnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-G sweepmaxsize] [-g sweepminsize]", 1691 " [-h sweepincrsize] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-M mask | time] [-m ttl]", 1692 " " SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr] [-s packetsize] [-t timeout]", 1693 " [-z tos] host", 1694 " ping [-AaDdfLnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-I iface] [-i wait] [-l preload]", 1695 " [-M mask | time] [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr]", 1696 " [-s packetsize] [-T ttl] [-t timeout] [-z tos] mcast-group"); 1697 exit(EX_USAGE); 1698 } 1699