1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6 * Mike Muuss. 7 * 8 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10 * are met: 11 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18 * without specific prior written permission. 19 * 20 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30 * SUCH DAMAGE. 31 */ 32 33 #if 0 34 #ifndef lint 35 static const char copyright[] = 36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1993\n\ 37 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"; 38 #endif /* not lint */ 39 40 #ifndef lint 41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)ping.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93"; 42 #endif /* not lint */ 43 #endif 44 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 45 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 46 47 /* 48 * P I N G . C 49 * 50 * Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 51 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 52 * 53 * Author - 54 * Mike Muuss 55 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 56 * December, 1983 57 * 58 * Status - 59 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 60 * Bugs - 61 * More statistics could always be gathered. 62 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 63 */ 64 65 #include <sys/param.h> /* NB: we rely on this for <sys/types.h> */ 66 #include <sys/socket.h> 67 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 68 #include <sys/time.h> 69 #include <sys/uio.h> 70 71 #include <netinet/in.h> 72 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 73 #include <netinet/ip.h> 74 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 75 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 76 #include <arpa/inet.h> 77 78 #ifdef IPSEC 79 #include <netinet6/ipsec.h> 80 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 81 82 #include <ctype.h> 83 #include <err.h> 84 #include <errno.h> 85 #include <math.h> 86 #include <netdb.h> 87 #include <signal.h> 88 #include <stdio.h> 89 #include <stdlib.h> 90 #include <string.h> 91 #include <sysexits.h> 92 #include <unistd.h> 93 94 #define INADDR_LEN ((int)sizeof(in_addr_t)) 95 #define TIMEVAL_LEN ((int)sizeof(struct tv32)) 96 #define MASK_LEN (ICMP_MASKLEN - ICMP_MINLEN) 97 #define TS_LEN (ICMP_TSLEN - ICMP_MINLEN) 98 #define DEFDATALEN 56 /* default data length */ 99 #define FLOOD_BACKOFF 20000 /* usecs to back off if F_FLOOD mode */ 100 /* runs out of buffer space */ 101 #define MAXIPLEN (sizeof(struct ip) + MAX_IPOPTLEN) 102 #define MAXICMPLEN (ICMP_ADVLENMIN + MAX_IPOPTLEN) 103 #define MAXWAIT 10 /* max seconds to wait for response */ 104 #define MAXALARM (60 * 60) /* max seconds for alarm timeout */ 105 #define MAXTOS 255 106 107 #define A(bit) rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3] /* identify byte in array */ 108 #define B(bit) (1 << ((bit) & 0x07)) /* identify bit in byte */ 109 #define SET(bit) (A(bit) |= B(bit)) 110 #define CLR(bit) (A(bit) &= (~B(bit))) 111 #define TST(bit) (A(bit) & B(bit)) 112 113 struct tv32 { 114 int32_t tv32_sec; 115 int32_t tv32_usec; 116 }; 117 118 /* various options */ 119 int options; 120 #define F_FLOOD 0x0001 121 #define F_INTERVAL 0x0002 122 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0004 123 #define F_PINGFILLED 0x0008 124 #define F_QUIET 0x0010 125 #define F_RROUTE 0x0020 126 #define F_SO_DEBUG 0x0040 127 #define F_SO_DONTROUTE 0x0080 128 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0100 129 #define F_QUIET2 0x0200 130 #define F_NOLOOP 0x0400 131 #define F_MTTL 0x0800 132 #define F_MIF 0x1000 133 #define F_AUDIBLE 0x2000 134 #ifdef IPSEC 135 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 136 #define F_POLICY 0x4000 137 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 138 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 139 #define F_TTL 0x8000 140 #define F_MISSED 0x10000 141 #define F_ONCE 0x20000 142 #define F_HDRINCL 0x40000 143 #define F_MASK 0x80000 144 #define F_TIME 0x100000 145 146 /* 147 * MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum 148 * number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of. Change 128 149 * to 8192 for complete accuracy... 150 */ 151 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 128) 152 int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK; 153 char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8]; 154 155 struct sockaddr_in whereto; /* who to ping */ 156 int datalen = DEFDATALEN; 157 int maxpayload; 158 int s; /* socket file descriptor */ 159 u_char outpackhdr[IP_MAXPACKET], *outpack; 160 char BBELL = '\a'; /* characters written for MISSED and AUDIBLE */ 161 char BSPACE = '\b'; /* characters written for flood */ 162 char DOT = '.'; 163 char *hostname; 164 char *shostname; 165 int ident; /* process id to identify our packets */ 166 int uid; /* cached uid for micro-optimization */ 167 u_char icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 168 u_char icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 169 int phdr_len = 0; 170 int send_len; 171 172 /* counters */ 173 long nmissedmax; /* max value of ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 */ 174 long npackets; /* max packets to transmit */ 175 long nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 176 long nrepeats; /* number of duplicates */ 177 long ntransmitted; /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */ 178 int interval = 1000; /* interval between packets, ms */ 179 180 /* timing */ 181 int timing; /* flag to do timing */ 182 double tmin = 999999999.0; /* minimum round trip time */ 183 double tmax = 0.0; /* maximum round trip time */ 184 double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times, for doing average */ 185 double tsumsq = 0.0; /* sum of all times squared, for std. dev. */ 186 187 volatile sig_atomic_t finish_up; /* nonzero if we've been told to finish up */ 188 volatile sig_atomic_t siginfo_p; 189 190 static void fill(char *, char *); 191 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, int); 192 static void check_status(void); 193 static void finish(void) __dead2; 194 static void pinger(void); 195 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr); 196 static char *pr_ntime(n_time); 197 static void pr_icmph(struct icmp *); 198 static void pr_iph(struct ip *); 199 static void pr_pack(char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *, struct timeval *); 200 static void pr_retip(struct ip *); 201 static void status(int); 202 static void stopit(int); 203 static void tvsub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 204 static void usage(void) __dead2; 205 206 int 207 main(argc, argv) 208 int argc; 209 char *const *argv; 210 { 211 struct sockaddr_in from, sock_in; 212 struct in_addr ifaddr; 213 struct timeval last, intvl; 214 struct iovec iov; 215 struct ip *ip; 216 struct msghdr msg; 217 struct sigaction si_sa; 218 size_t sz; 219 u_char *datap, packet[IP_MAXPACKET]; 220 char *ep, *source, *target, *payload; 221 struct hostent *hp; 222 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 223 char *policy_in, *policy_out; 224 #endif 225 struct sockaddr_in *to; 226 double t; 227 u_long alarmtimeout, ultmp; 228 int almost_done, ch, df, hold, i, icmp_len, mib[4], preload, sockerrno, 229 tos, ttl; 230 char ctrl[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct timeval))]; 231 char hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], snamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 232 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS 233 char rspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 234 #endif 235 unsigned char loop, mttl; 236 237 payload = source = NULL; 238 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 239 policy_in = policy_out = NULL; 240 #endif 241 242 /* 243 * Do the stuff that we need root priv's for *first*, and 244 * then drop our setuid bit. Save error reporting for 245 * after arg parsing. 246 */ 247 s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP); 248 sockerrno = errno; 249 250 setuid(getuid()); 251 uid = getuid(); 252 253 alarmtimeout = df = preload = tos = 0; 254 255 outpack = outpackhdr + sizeof(struct ip); 256 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, 257 "Aac:DdfI:i:Ll:M:m:nop:QqRrS:s:T:t:vz:" 258 #ifdef IPSEC 259 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 260 "P:" 261 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 262 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 263 )) != -1) 264 { 265 switch(ch) { 266 case 'A': 267 options |= F_MISSED; 268 break; 269 case 'a': 270 options |= F_AUDIBLE; 271 break; 272 case 'c': 273 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 274 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > LONG_MAX || !ultmp) 275 errx(EX_USAGE, 276 "invalid count of packets to transmit: `%s'", 277 optarg); 278 npackets = ultmp; 279 break; 280 case 'D': 281 options |= F_HDRINCL; 282 df = 1; 283 break; 284 case 'd': 285 options |= F_SO_DEBUG; 286 break; 287 case 'f': 288 if (uid) { 289 errno = EPERM; 290 err(EX_NOPERM, "-f flag"); 291 } 292 options |= F_FLOOD; 293 setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL); 294 break; 295 case 'I': /* multicast interface */ 296 if (inet_aton(optarg, &ifaddr) == 0) 297 errx(EX_USAGE, 298 "invalid multicast interface: `%s'", 299 optarg); 300 options |= F_MIF; 301 break; 302 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 303 t = strtod(optarg, &ep) * 1000.0; 304 if (*ep || ep == optarg || t > (double)INT_MAX) 305 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timing interval: `%s'", 306 optarg); 307 options |= F_INTERVAL; 308 interval = (int)t; 309 if (uid && interval < 1000) { 310 errno = EPERM; 311 err(EX_NOPERM, "-i interval too short"); 312 } 313 break; 314 case 'L': 315 options |= F_NOLOOP; 316 loop = 0; 317 break; 318 case 'l': 319 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 320 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > INT_MAX) 321 errx(EX_USAGE, 322 "invalid preload value: `%s'", optarg); 323 if (uid) { 324 errno = EPERM; 325 err(EX_NOPERM, "-l flag"); 326 } 327 preload = ultmp; 328 break; 329 case 'M': 330 switch(optarg[0]) { 331 case 'M': 332 case 'm': 333 options |= F_MASK; 334 break; 335 case 'T': 336 case 't': 337 options |= F_TIME; 338 break; 339 default: 340 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid message: `%c'", optarg[0]); 341 break; 342 } 343 break; 344 case 'm': /* TTL */ 345 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 346 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL) 347 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TTL: `%s'", optarg); 348 ttl = ultmp; 349 options |= F_TTL; 350 break; 351 case 'n': 352 options |= F_NUMERIC; 353 break; 354 case 'o': 355 options |= F_ONCE; 356 break; 357 #ifdef IPSEC 358 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 359 case 'P': 360 options |= F_POLICY; 361 if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2)) 362 policy_in = strdup(optarg); 363 else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3)) 364 policy_out = strdup(optarg); 365 else 366 errx(1, "invalid security policy"); 367 break; 368 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 369 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 370 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 371 options |= F_PINGFILLED; 372 payload = optarg; 373 break; 374 case 'Q': 375 options |= F_QUIET2; 376 break; 377 case 'q': 378 options |= F_QUIET; 379 break; 380 case 'R': 381 options |= F_RROUTE; 382 break; 383 case 'r': 384 options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE; 385 break; 386 case 'S': 387 source = optarg; 388 break; 389 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 390 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 391 if (*ep || ep == optarg) 392 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid packet size: `%s'", 393 optarg); 394 if (uid != 0 && ultmp > DEFDATALEN) { 395 errno = EPERM; 396 err(EX_NOPERM, 397 "packet size too large: %lu > %u", 398 ultmp, DEFDATALEN); 399 } 400 datalen = ultmp; 401 break; 402 case 'T': /* multicast TTL */ 403 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 404 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTTL) 405 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid multicast TTL: `%s'", 406 optarg); 407 mttl = ultmp; 408 options |= F_MTTL; 409 break; 410 case 't': 411 alarmtimeout = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 412 if ((alarmtimeout < 1) || (alarmtimeout == ULONG_MAX)) 413 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s'", 414 optarg); 415 if (alarmtimeout > MAXALARM) 416 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid timeout: `%s' > %d", 417 optarg, MAXALARM); 418 alarm((int)alarmtimeout); 419 break; 420 case 'v': 421 options |= F_VERBOSE; 422 break; 423 case 'z': 424 options |= F_HDRINCL; 425 ultmp = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0); 426 if (*ep || ep == optarg || ultmp > MAXTOS) 427 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid TOS: `%s'", optarg); 428 tos = ultmp; 429 break; 430 default: 431 usage(); 432 } 433 } 434 435 if (argc - optind != 1) 436 usage(); 437 target = argv[optind]; 438 439 switch (options & (F_MASK|F_TIME)) { 440 case 0: break; 441 case F_MASK: 442 icmp_type = ICMP_MASKREQ; 443 icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_MASKREPLY; 444 phdr_len = MASK_LEN; 445 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) 446 (void)printf("ICMP_MASKREQ\n"); 447 break; 448 case F_TIME: 449 icmp_type = ICMP_TSTAMP; 450 icmp_type_rsp = ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY; 451 phdr_len = TS_LEN; 452 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) 453 (void)printf("ICMP_TSTAMP\n"); 454 break; 455 default: 456 errx(EX_USAGE, "ICMP_TSTAMP and ICMP_MASKREQ are exclusive."); 457 break; 458 } 459 icmp_len = sizeof(struct ip) + ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len; 460 if (options & F_RROUTE) 461 icmp_len += MAX_IPOPTLEN; 462 maxpayload = IP_MAXPACKET - icmp_len; 463 if (datalen > maxpayload) 464 errx(EX_USAGE, "packet size too large: %d > %d", datalen, 465 maxpayload); 466 send_len = icmp_len + datalen; 467 datap = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + TIMEVAL_LEN]; 468 if (options & F_PINGFILLED) { 469 fill((char *)datap, payload); 470 } 471 if (source) { 472 bzero((char *)&sock_in, sizeof(sock_in)); 473 sock_in.sin_family = AF_INET; 474 if (inet_aton(source, &sock_in.sin_addr) != 0) { 475 shostname = source; 476 } else { 477 hp = gethostbyname2(source, AF_INET); 478 if (!hp) 479 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s", 480 source, hstrerror(h_errno)); 481 482 sock_in.sin_len = sizeof sock_in; 483 if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr) || 484 hp->h_length < 0) 485 errx(1, "gethostbyname2: illegal address"); 486 memcpy(&sock_in.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], 487 sizeof(sock_in.sin_addr)); 488 (void)strncpy(snamebuf, hp->h_name, 489 sizeof(snamebuf) - 1); 490 snamebuf[sizeof(snamebuf) - 1] = '\0'; 491 shostname = snamebuf; 492 } 493 if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sock_in, sizeof sock_in) == -1) 494 err(1, "bind"); 495 } 496 497 bzero(&whereto, sizeof(whereto)); 498 to = &whereto; 499 to->sin_family = AF_INET; 500 to->sin_len = sizeof *to; 501 if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr) != 0) { 502 hostname = target; 503 } else { 504 hp = gethostbyname2(target, AF_INET); 505 if (!hp) 506 errx(EX_NOHOST, "cannot resolve %s: %s", 507 target, hstrerror(h_errno)); 508 509 if ((unsigned)hp->h_length > sizeof(to->sin_addr)) 510 errx(1, "gethostbyname2 returned an illegal address"); 511 memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0], sizeof to->sin_addr); 512 (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1); 513 hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = '\0'; 514 hostname = hnamebuf; 515 } 516 517 if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL) 518 errx(EX_USAGE, "-f and -i: incompatible options"); 519 520 if (options & F_FLOOD && IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr))) 521 errx(EX_USAGE, 522 "-f flag cannot be used with multicast destination"); 523 if (options & (F_MIF | F_NOLOOP | F_MTTL) 524 && !IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(to->sin_addr.s_addr))) 525 errx(EX_USAGE, 526 "-I, -L, -T flags cannot be used with unicast destination"); 527 528 if (datalen >= TIMEVAL_LEN) /* can we time transfer */ 529 timing = 1; 530 531 if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED)) 532 for (i = TIMEVAL_LEN; i < datalen; ++i) 533 *datap++ = i; 534 535 ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF; 536 537 if (s < 0) { 538 errno = sockerrno; 539 err(EX_OSERR, "socket"); 540 } 541 hold = 1; 542 if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) 543 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold, 544 sizeof(hold)); 545 if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE) 546 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold, 547 sizeof(hold)); 548 #ifdef IPSEC 549 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 550 if (options & F_POLICY) { 551 char *buf; 552 if (policy_in != NULL) { 553 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in)); 554 if (buf == NULL) 555 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 556 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 557 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) 558 err(EX_CONFIG, 559 "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 560 free(buf); 561 } 562 563 if (policy_out != NULL) { 564 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out)); 565 if (buf == NULL) 566 errx(EX_CONFIG, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 567 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 568 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) 569 err(EX_CONFIG, 570 "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 571 free(buf); 572 } 573 } 574 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 575 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 576 577 if (options & F_HDRINCL) { 578 ip = (struct ip*)outpackhdr; 579 if (!(options & (F_TTL | F_MTTL))) { 580 mib[0] = CTL_NET; 581 mib[1] = PF_INET; 582 mib[2] = IPPROTO_IP; 583 mib[3] = IPCTL_DEFTTL; 584 sz = sizeof(ttl); 585 if (sysctl(mib, 4, &ttl, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1) 586 err(1, "sysctl(net.inet.ip.ttl)"); 587 } 588 setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &hold, sizeof(hold)); 589 ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 590 ip->ip_hl = sizeof(struct ip) >> 2; 591 ip->ip_tos = tos; 592 ip->ip_id = 0; 593 ip->ip_off = df ? IP_DF : 0; 594 ip->ip_ttl = ttl; 595 ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 596 ip->ip_src.s_addr = source ? sock_in.sin_addr.s_addr : INADDR_ANY; 597 ip->ip_dst = to->sin_addr; 598 } 599 /* record route option */ 600 if (options & F_RROUTE) { 601 #ifdef IP_OPTIONS 602 bzero(rspace, sizeof(rspace)); 603 rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 604 rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace) - 1; 605 rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 606 rspace[sizeof(rspace) - 1] = IPOPT_EOL; 607 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, 608 sizeof(rspace)) < 0) 609 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_OPTIONS"); 610 #else 611 errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, 612 "record route not available in this implementation"); 613 #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */ 614 } 615 616 if (options & F_TTL) { 617 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl, 618 sizeof(ttl)) < 0) { 619 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_TTL"); 620 } 621 } 622 if (options & F_NOLOOP) { 623 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, &loop, 624 sizeof(loop)) < 0) { 625 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_LOOP"); 626 } 627 } 628 if (options & F_MTTL) { 629 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, &mttl, 630 sizeof(mttl)) < 0) { 631 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL"); 632 } 633 } 634 if (options & F_MIF) { 635 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &ifaddr, 636 sizeof(ifaddr)) < 0) { 637 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF"); 638 } 639 } 640 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 641 { int on = 1; 642 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TIMESTAMP, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 643 err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt SO_TIMESTAMP"); 644 } 645 #endif 646 647 /* 648 * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers. 649 * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the 650 * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for 651 * /etc/ethers. But beware: RFC 1122 allows hosts to ignore broadcast 652 * or multicast pings if they wish. 653 */ 654 655 /* 656 * XXX receive buffer needs undetermined space for mbuf overhead 657 * as well. 658 */ 659 hold = IP_MAXPACKET + 128; 660 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold, 661 sizeof(hold)); 662 if (uid == 0) 663 (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&hold, 664 sizeof(hold)); 665 666 if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) { 667 (void)printf("PING %s (%s)", hostname, 668 inet_ntoa(to->sin_addr)); 669 if (source) 670 (void)printf(" from %s", shostname); 671 (void)printf(": %d data bytes\n", datalen); 672 } else 673 (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen); 674 675 /* 676 * Use sigaction() instead of signal() to get unambiguous semantics, 677 * in particular with SA_RESTART not set. 678 */ 679 680 sigemptyset(&si_sa.sa_mask); 681 si_sa.sa_flags = 0; 682 683 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit; 684 if (sigaction(SIGINT, &si_sa, 0) == -1) { 685 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGINT"); 686 } 687 688 si_sa.sa_handler = status; 689 if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, 0) == -1) { 690 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction"); 691 } 692 693 if (alarmtimeout > 0) { 694 si_sa.sa_handler = stopit; 695 if (sigaction(SIGALRM, &si_sa, 0) == -1) 696 err(EX_OSERR, "sigaction SIGALRM"); 697 } 698 699 bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg)); 700 msg.msg_name = (caddr_t)&from; 701 msg.msg_iov = &iov; 702 msg.msg_iovlen = 1; 703 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 704 msg.msg_control = (caddr_t)ctrl; 705 #endif 706 iov.iov_base = packet; 707 iov.iov_len = IP_MAXPACKET; 708 709 if (preload == 0) 710 pinger(); /* send the first ping */ 711 else { 712 if (npackets != 0 && preload > npackets) 713 preload = npackets; 714 while (preload--) /* fire off them quickies */ 715 pinger(); 716 } 717 (void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL); 718 719 if (options & F_FLOOD) { 720 intvl.tv_sec = 0; 721 intvl.tv_usec = 10000; 722 } else { 723 intvl.tv_sec = interval / 1000; 724 intvl.tv_usec = interval % 1000 * 1000; 725 } 726 727 almost_done = 0; 728 while (!finish_up) { 729 struct timeval now, timeout; 730 fd_set rfds; 731 int cc, n; 732 733 check_status(); 734 if ((unsigned)s >= FD_SETSIZE) 735 errx(EX_OSERR, "descriptor too large"); 736 FD_ZERO(&rfds); 737 FD_SET(s, &rfds); 738 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 739 timeout.tv_sec = last.tv_sec + intvl.tv_sec - now.tv_sec; 740 timeout.tv_usec = last.tv_usec + intvl.tv_usec - now.tv_usec; 741 while (timeout.tv_usec < 0) { 742 timeout.tv_usec += 1000000; 743 timeout.tv_sec--; 744 } 745 while (timeout.tv_usec >= 1000000) { 746 timeout.tv_usec -= 1000000; 747 timeout.tv_sec++; 748 } 749 if (timeout.tv_sec < 0) 750 timeout.tv_sec = timeout.tv_usec = 0; 751 n = select(s + 1, &rfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout); 752 if (n < 0) 753 continue; /* Must be EINTR. */ 754 if (n == 1) { 755 struct timeval *tv = NULL; 756 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 757 struct cmsghdr *cmsg = (struct cmsghdr *)&ctrl; 758 759 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(ctrl); 760 #endif 761 msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(from); 762 if ((cc = recvmsg(s, &msg, 0)) < 0) { 763 if (errno == EINTR) 764 continue; 765 warn("recvmsg"); 766 continue; 767 } 768 #ifdef SO_TIMESTAMP 769 if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_SOCKET && 770 cmsg->cmsg_type == SCM_TIMESTAMP && 771 cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof *tv)) { 772 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */ 773 memcpy(&now, CMSG_DATA(cmsg), sizeof(now)); 774 tv = &now; 775 } 776 #endif 777 if (tv == NULL) { 778 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 779 tv = &now; 780 } 781 pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from, tv); 782 if ((options & F_ONCE && nreceived) || 783 (npackets && nreceived >= npackets)) 784 break; 785 } 786 if (n == 0 || options & F_FLOOD) { 787 if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets) 788 pinger(); 789 else { 790 if (almost_done) 791 break; 792 almost_done = 1; 793 intvl.tv_usec = 0; 794 if (nreceived) { 795 intvl.tv_sec = 2 * tmax / 1000; 796 if (!intvl.tv_sec) 797 intvl.tv_sec = 1; 798 } else 799 intvl.tv_sec = MAXWAIT; 800 } 801 (void)gettimeofday(&last, NULL); 802 if (ntransmitted - nreceived - 1 > nmissedmax) { 803 nmissedmax = ntransmitted - nreceived - 1; 804 if (options & F_MISSED) 805 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1); 806 } 807 } 808 } 809 finish(); 810 /* NOTREACHED */ 811 exit(0); /* Make the compiler happy */ 812 } 813 814 /* 815 * stopit -- 816 * Set the global bit that causes the main loop to quit. 817 * Do NOT call finish() from here, since finish() does far too much 818 * to be called from a signal handler. 819 */ 820 void 821 stopit(sig) 822 int sig __unused; 823 { 824 825 /* 826 * When doing reverse DNS lookups, the finish_up flag might not 827 * be noticed for a while. Just exit if we get a second SIGINT. 828 */ 829 if (!(options & F_NUMERIC) && finish_up) 830 _exit(nreceived ? 0 : 2); 831 finish_up = 1; 832 } 833 834 /* 835 * pinger -- 836 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 837 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 838 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first TIMEVAL_LEN 839 * bytes of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in 840 * host byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 841 */ 842 static void 843 pinger(void) 844 { 845 struct timeval now; 846 struct tv32 tv32; 847 struct ip *ip; 848 struct icmp *icp; 849 int cc, i; 850 u_char *packet; 851 852 packet = outpack; 853 icp = (struct icmp *)outpack; 854 icp->icmp_type = icmp_type; 855 icp->icmp_code = 0; 856 icp->icmp_cksum = 0; 857 icp->icmp_seq = htons(ntransmitted); 858 icp->icmp_id = ident; /* ID */ 859 860 CLR(ntransmitted % mx_dup_ck); 861 862 if ((options & F_TIME) || timing) { 863 (void)gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 864 865 tv32.tv32_sec = htonl(now.tv_sec); 866 tv32.tv32_usec = htonl(now.tv_usec); 867 if (options & F_TIME) 868 icp->icmp_otime = htonl((now.tv_sec % (24*60*60)) 869 * 1000 + now.tv_usec / 1000); 870 if (timing) 871 bcopy((void *)&tv32, 872 (void *)&outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len], 873 sizeof(tv32)); 874 } 875 876 cc = ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len + datalen; 877 878 /* compute ICMP checksum here */ 879 icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc); 880 881 if (options & F_HDRINCL) { 882 cc += sizeof(struct ip); 883 ip = (struct ip *)outpackhdr; 884 ip->ip_len = cc; 885 ip->ip_sum = in_cksum((u_short *)outpackhdr, cc); 886 packet = outpackhdr; 887 } 888 i = sendto(s, (char *)packet, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&whereto, 889 sizeof(whereto)); 890 891 if (i < 0 || i != cc) { 892 if (i < 0) { 893 if (options & F_FLOOD && errno == ENOBUFS) { 894 usleep(FLOOD_BACKOFF); 895 return; 896 } 897 warn("sendto"); 898 } else { 899 warn("%s: partial write: %d of %d bytes", 900 hostname, i, cc); 901 } 902 } 903 ntransmitted++; 904 if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD) 905 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1); 906 } 907 908 /* 909 * pr_pack -- 910 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 911 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 912 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 913 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 914 */ 915 static void 916 pr_pack(buf, cc, from, tv) 917 char *buf; 918 int cc; 919 struct sockaddr_in *from; 920 struct timeval *tv; 921 { 922 struct in_addr ina; 923 u_char *cp, *dp; 924 struct icmp *icp; 925 struct ip *ip; 926 const void *tp; 927 double triptime; 928 int dupflag, hlen, i, j, recv_len, seq; 929 static int old_rrlen; 930 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 931 932 /* Check the IP header */ 933 ip = (struct ip *)buf; 934 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 935 recv_len = cc; 936 if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 937 if (options & F_VERBOSE) 938 warn("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s", cc, 939 inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 940 return; 941 } 942 943 /* Now the ICMP part */ 944 cc -= hlen; 945 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 946 if (icp->icmp_type == icmp_type_rsp) { 947 if (icp->icmp_id != ident) 948 return; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */ 949 ++nreceived; 950 triptime = 0.0; 951 if (timing) { 952 struct timeval tv1; 953 struct tv32 tv32; 954 #ifndef icmp_data 955 tp = &icp->icmp_ip; 956 #else 957 tp = icp->icmp_data; 958 #endif 959 tp = (const char *)tp + phdr_len; 960 961 if (cc - ICMP_MINLEN - phdr_len >= sizeof(tv1)) { 962 /* Copy to avoid alignment problems: */ 963 memcpy(&tv32, tp, sizeof(tv32)); 964 tv1.tv_sec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_sec); 965 tv1.tv_usec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_usec); 966 tvsub(tv, &tv1); 967 triptime = ((double)tv->tv_sec) * 1000.0 + 968 ((double)tv->tv_usec) / 1000.0; 969 tsum += triptime; 970 tsumsq += triptime * triptime; 971 if (triptime < tmin) 972 tmin = triptime; 973 if (triptime > tmax) 974 tmax = triptime; 975 } else 976 timing = 0; 977 } 978 979 seq = ntohs(icp->icmp_seq); 980 981 if (TST(seq % mx_dup_ck)) { 982 ++nrepeats; 983 --nreceived; 984 dupflag = 1; 985 } else { 986 SET(seq % mx_dup_ck); 987 dupflag = 0; 988 } 989 990 if (options & F_QUIET) 991 return; 992 993 if (options & F_FLOOD) 994 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1); 995 else { 996 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, 997 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr), 998 seq); 999 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl); 1000 if (timing) 1001 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime); 1002 if (dupflag) 1003 (void)printf(" (DUP!)"); 1004 if (options & F_AUDIBLE) 1005 (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BBELL, 1); 1006 if (options & F_MASK) { 1007 /* Just prentend this cast isn't ugly */ 1008 (void)printf(" mask=%s", 1009 pr_addr(*(struct in_addr *)&(icp->icmp_mask))); 1010 } 1011 if (options & F_TIME) { 1012 (void)printf(" tso=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_otime)); 1013 (void)printf(" tsr=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_rtime)); 1014 (void)printf(" tst=%s", pr_ntime(icp->icmp_ttime)); 1015 } 1016 if (recv_len != send_len) { 1017 (void)printf( 1018 "\nwrong total length %d instead of %d", 1019 recv_len, send_len); 1020 } 1021 /* check the data */ 1022 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[phdr_len]; 1023 dp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len]; 1024 cc -= ICMP_MINLEN + phdr_len; 1025 i = 0; 1026 if (timing) { /* don't check variable timestamp */ 1027 cp += TIMEVAL_LEN; 1028 dp += TIMEVAL_LEN; 1029 cc -= TIMEVAL_LEN; 1030 i += TIMEVAL_LEN; 1031 } 1032 for (; i < datalen && cc > 0; ++i, ++cp, ++dp, --cc) { 1033 if (*cp != *dp) { 1034 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x", 1035 i, *dp, *cp); 1036 (void)printf("\ncp:"); 1037 cp = (u_char*)&icp->icmp_data[0]; 1038 for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { 1039 if ((i % 16) == 8) 1040 (void)printf("\n\t"); 1041 (void)printf("%2x ", *cp); 1042 } 1043 (void)printf("\ndp:"); 1044 cp = &outpack[ICMP_MINLEN]; 1045 for (i = 0; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { 1046 if ((i % 16) == 8) 1047 (void)printf("\n\t"); 1048 (void)printf("%2x ", *cp); 1049 } 1050 break; 1051 } 1052 } 1053 } 1054 } else { 1055 /* 1056 * We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY. 1057 * See if it's a reply to something that we sent. 1058 * We can compare IP destination, protocol, 1059 * and ICMP type and ID. 1060 * 1061 * Only print all the error messages if we are running 1062 * as root to avoid leaking information not normally 1063 * available to those not running as root. 1064 */ 1065 #ifndef icmp_data 1066 struct ip *oip = &icp->icmp_ip; 1067 #else 1068 struct ip *oip = (struct ip *)icp->icmp_data; 1069 #endif 1070 struct icmp *oicmp = (struct icmp *)(oip + 1); 1071 1072 if (((options & F_VERBOSE) && uid == 0) || 1073 (!(options & F_QUIET2) && 1074 (oip->ip_dst.s_addr == whereto.sin_addr.s_addr) && 1075 (oip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) && 1076 (oicmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) && 1077 (oicmp->icmp_id == ident))) { 1078 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, 1079 pr_addr(from->sin_addr)); 1080 pr_icmph(icp); 1081 } else 1082 return; 1083 } 1084 1085 /* Display any IP options */ 1086 cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct ip); 1087 1088 for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip); --hlen, ++cp) 1089 switch (*cp) { 1090 case IPOPT_EOL: 1091 hlen = 0; 1092 break; 1093 case IPOPT_LSRR: 1094 case IPOPT_SSRR: 1095 (void)printf(*cp == IPOPT_LSRR ? 1096 "\nLSRR: " : "\nSSRR: "); 1097 j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN] - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1; 1098 hlen -= 2; 1099 cp += 2; 1100 if (j >= INADDR_LEN && 1101 j <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 1102 for (;;) { 1103 bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN); 1104 if (ina.s_addr == 0) 1105 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 1106 else 1107 (void)printf("\t%s", 1108 pr_addr(ina)); 1109 hlen -= INADDR_LEN; 1110 cp += INADDR_LEN - 1; 1111 j -= INADDR_LEN; 1112 if (j < INADDR_LEN) 1113 break; 1114 (void)putchar('\n'); 1115 } 1116 } else 1117 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)\n"); 1118 break; 1119 case IPOPT_RR: 1120 j = cp[IPOPT_OLEN]; /* get length */ 1121 i = cp[IPOPT_OFFSET]; /* and pointer */ 1122 hlen -= 2; 1123 cp += 2; 1124 if (i > j) 1125 i = j; 1126 i = i - IPOPT_MINOFF + 1; 1127 if (i < 0 || i > (hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip))) { 1128 old_rrlen = 0; 1129 continue; 1130 } 1131 if (i == old_rrlen 1132 && !bcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i) 1133 && !(options & F_FLOOD)) { 1134 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 1135 hlen -= i; 1136 cp += i; 1137 break; 1138 } 1139 old_rrlen = i; 1140 bcopy((char *)cp, old_rr, i); 1141 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 1142 if (i >= INADDR_LEN && 1143 i <= hlen - (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 1144 for (;;) { 1145 bcopy(++cp, &ina.s_addr, INADDR_LEN); 1146 if (ina.s_addr == 0) 1147 (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); 1148 else 1149 (void)printf("\t%s", 1150 pr_addr(ina)); 1151 hlen -= INADDR_LEN; 1152 cp += INADDR_LEN - 1; 1153 i -= INADDR_LEN; 1154 if (i < INADDR_LEN) 1155 break; 1156 (void)putchar('\n'); 1157 } 1158 } else 1159 (void)printf("\t(truncated route)"); 1160 break; 1161 case IPOPT_NOP: 1162 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 1163 break; 1164 default: 1165 (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp); 1166 break; 1167 } 1168 if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) { 1169 (void)putchar('\n'); 1170 (void)fflush(stdout); 1171 } 1172 } 1173 1174 /* 1175 * in_cksum -- 1176 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) 1177 */ 1178 u_short 1179 in_cksum(addr, len) 1180 u_short *addr; 1181 int len; 1182 { 1183 int nleft, sum; 1184 u_short *w; 1185 union { 1186 u_short us; 1187 u_char uc[2]; 1188 } last; 1189 u_short answer; 1190 1191 nleft = len; 1192 sum = 0; 1193 w = addr; 1194 1195 /* 1196 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add 1197 * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the 1198 * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits. 1199 */ 1200 while (nleft > 1) { 1201 sum += *w++; 1202 nleft -= 2; 1203 } 1204 1205 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ 1206 if (nleft == 1) { 1207 last.uc[0] = *(u_char *)w; 1208 last.uc[1] = 0; 1209 sum += last.us; 1210 } 1211 1212 /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ 1213 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ 1214 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ 1215 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ 1216 return(answer); 1217 } 1218 1219 /* 1220 * tvsub -- 1221 * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. Out is assumed to 1222 * be >= in. 1223 */ 1224 static void 1225 tvsub(out, in) 1226 struct timeval *out, *in; 1227 { 1228 1229 if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) { 1230 --out->tv_sec; 1231 out->tv_usec += 1000000; 1232 } 1233 out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec; 1234 } 1235 1236 /* 1237 * status -- 1238 * Print out statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1239 */ 1240 1241 static void 1242 status(sig) 1243 int sig __unused; 1244 { 1245 1246 siginfo_p = 1; 1247 } 1248 1249 static void 1250 check_status() 1251 { 1252 1253 if (siginfo_p) { 1254 siginfo_p = 0; 1255 (void)fprintf(stderr, "\r%ld/%ld packets received (%.0f%%)", 1256 nreceived, ntransmitted, 1257 ntransmitted ? nreceived * 100.0 / ntransmitted : 0.0); 1258 if (nreceived && timing) 1259 (void)fprintf(stderr, " %.3f min / %.3f avg / %.3f max", 1260 tmin, tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats), tmax); 1261 (void)fprintf(stderr, "\n"); 1262 } 1263 } 1264 1265 /* 1266 * finish -- 1267 * Print out statistics, and give up. 1268 */ 1269 static void 1270 finish() 1271 { 1272 1273 (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 1274 (void)signal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN); 1275 (void)putchar('\n'); 1276 (void)fflush(stdout); 1277 (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname); 1278 (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1279 (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived); 1280 if (nrepeats) 1281 (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1282 if (ntransmitted) { 1283 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1284 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 1285 else 1286 (void)printf("%d%% packet loss", 1287 (int)(((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) / 1288 ntransmitted)); 1289 } 1290 (void)putchar('\n'); 1291 if (nreceived && timing) { 1292 double n = nreceived + nrepeats; 1293 double avg = tsum / n; 1294 double vari = tsumsq / n - avg * avg; 1295 (void)printf( 1296 "round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 1297 tmin, avg, tmax, sqrt(vari)); 1298 } 1299 1300 if (nreceived) 1301 exit(0); 1302 else 1303 exit(2); 1304 } 1305 1306 #ifdef notdef 1307 static char *ttab[] = { 1308 "Echo Reply", /* ip + seq + udata */ 1309 "Dest Unreachable", /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */ 1310 "Source Quench", /* IP */ 1311 "Redirect", /* redirect type, gateway, + IP */ 1312 "Echo", 1313 "Time Exceeded", /* transit, frag reassem + IP */ 1314 "Parameter Problem", /* pointer + IP */ 1315 "Timestamp", /* id + seq + three timestamps */ 1316 "Timestamp Reply", /* " */ 1317 "Info Request", /* id + sq */ 1318 "Info Reply" /* " */ 1319 }; 1320 #endif 1321 1322 /* 1323 * pr_icmph -- 1324 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header. 1325 */ 1326 static void 1327 pr_icmph(icp) 1328 struct icmp *icp; 1329 { 1330 1331 switch(icp->icmp_type) { 1332 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1333 (void)printf("Echo Reply\n"); 1334 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 1335 break; 1336 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1337 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1338 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1339 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n"); 1340 break; 1341 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1342 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n"); 1343 break; 1344 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1345 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n"); 1346 break; 1347 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1348 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n"); 1349 break; 1350 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1351 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set (MTU %d)\n", 1352 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1353 break; 1354 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1355 (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n"); 1356 break; 1357 case ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB: 1358 (void)printf("Communication prohibited by filter\n"); 1359 break; 1360 default: 1361 (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n", 1362 icp->icmp_code); 1363 break; 1364 } 1365 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1366 #ifndef icmp_data 1367 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1368 #else 1369 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1370 #endif 1371 break; 1372 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1373 (void)printf("Source Quench\n"); 1374 #ifndef icmp_data 1375 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1376 #else 1377 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1378 #endif 1379 break; 1380 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1381 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1382 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1383 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 1384 break; 1385 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1386 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 1387 break; 1388 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1389 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 1390 break; 1391 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1392 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 1393 break; 1394 default: 1395 (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1396 break; 1397 } 1398 (void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr)); 1399 #ifndef icmp_data 1400 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1401 #else 1402 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1403 #endif 1404 break; 1405 case ICMP_ECHO: 1406 (void)printf("Echo Request\n"); 1407 /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ 1408 break; 1409 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1410 switch(icp->icmp_code) { 1411 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1412 (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n"); 1413 break; 1414 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1415 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n"); 1416 break; 1417 default: 1418 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n", 1419 icp->icmp_code); 1420 break; 1421 } 1422 #ifndef icmp_data 1423 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1424 #else 1425 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1426 #endif 1427 break; 1428 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1429 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x\n", 1430 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1431 #ifndef icmp_data 1432 pr_retip(&icp->icmp_ip); 1433 #else 1434 pr_retip((struct ip *)icp->icmp_data); 1435 #endif 1436 break; 1437 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1438 (void)printf("Timestamp\n"); 1439 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 1440 break; 1441 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1442 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n"); 1443 /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ 1444 break; 1445 case ICMP_IREQ: 1446 (void)printf("Information Request\n"); 1447 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 1448 break; 1449 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1450 (void)printf("Information Reply\n"); 1451 /* XXX ID + Seq */ 1452 break; 1453 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1454 (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n"); 1455 break; 1456 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1457 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n"); 1458 break; 1459 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1460 (void)printf("Router Advertisement\n"); 1461 break; 1462 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1463 (void)printf("Router Solicitation\n"); 1464 break; 1465 default: 1466 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type); 1467 } 1468 } 1469 1470 /* 1471 * pr_iph -- 1472 * Print an IP header with options. 1473 */ 1474 static void 1475 pr_iph(ip) 1476 struct ip *ip; 1477 { 1478 u_char *cp; 1479 int hlen; 1480 1481 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1482 cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */ 1483 1484 (void)printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1485 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1486 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ntohs(ip->ip_len), 1487 ntohs(ip->ip_id)); 1488 (void)printf(" %1lx %04lx", 1489 (u_long) (ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13, 1490 (u_long) ntohl(ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff); 1491 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, 1492 ntohs(ip->ip_sum)); 1493 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 1494 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 1495 /* dump any option bytes */ 1496 while (hlen-- > 20) { 1497 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1498 } 1499 (void)putchar('\n'); 1500 } 1501 1502 /* 1503 * pr_addr -- 1504 * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with 1505 * a hostname. 1506 */ 1507 static char * 1508 pr_addr(ina) 1509 struct in_addr ina; 1510 { 1511 struct hostent *hp; 1512 static char buf[16 + 3 + MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 1513 1514 if ((options & F_NUMERIC) || 1515 !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&ina, 4, AF_INET))) 1516 return inet_ntoa(ina); 1517 else 1518 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1519 inet_ntoa(ina)); 1520 return(buf); 1521 } 1522 1523 /* 1524 * pr_retip -- 1525 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1526 */ 1527 static void 1528 pr_retip(ip) 1529 struct ip *ip; 1530 { 1531 u_char *cp; 1532 int hlen; 1533 1534 pr_iph(ip); 1535 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1536 cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen; 1537 1538 if (ip->ip_p == 6) 1539 (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1540 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1541 else if (ip->ip_p == 17) 1542 (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", 1543 (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); 1544 } 1545 1546 static char * 1547 pr_ntime (n_time timestamp) 1548 { 1549 static char buf[10]; 1550 int hour, min, sec; 1551 1552 sec = ntohl(timestamp) / 1000; 1553 hour = sec / 60 / 60; 1554 min = (sec % (60 * 60)) / 60; 1555 sec = (sec % (60 * 60)) % 60; 1556 1557 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%02d:%02d:%02d", hour, min, sec); 1558 1559 return (buf); 1560 } 1561 1562 static void 1563 fill(bp, patp) 1564 char *bp, *patp; 1565 { 1566 char *cp; 1567 int pat[16]; 1568 u_int ii, jj, kk; 1569 1570 for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) { 1571 if (!isxdigit(*cp)) 1572 errx(EX_USAGE, 1573 "patterns must be specified as hex digits"); 1574 1575 } 1576 ii = sscanf(patp, 1577 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1578 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], 1579 &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12], 1580 &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1581 1582 if (ii > 0) 1583 for (kk = 0; kk <= maxpayload - (TIMEVAL_LEN + ii); kk += ii) 1584 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1585 bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj]; 1586 if (!(options & F_QUIET)) { 1587 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1588 for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) 1589 (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF); 1590 (void)printf("\n"); 1591 } 1592 } 1593 1594 #if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) 1595 #define SECOPT " [-P policy]" 1596 #else 1597 #define SECOPT "" 1598 #endif 1599 static void 1600 usage() 1601 { 1602 1603 (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n", 1604 "usage: ping [-AaDdfnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload] [-M mask | time]", 1605 " [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr] [-s packetsize]", 1606 " [-t timeout] [-z tos] host", 1607 " ping [-AaDdfLnoQqRrv] [-c count] [-I iface] [-i wait] [-l preload]", 1608 " [-M mask | time] [-m ttl]" SECOPT " [-p pattern] [-S src_addr]", 1609 " [-s packetsize] [-T ttl] [-t timeout] [-z tos] mcast-group"); 1610 exit(EX_USAGE); 1611 } 1612