xref: /freebsd/sbin/newfs_msdos/mkfs_msdos.c (revision ec0ea6efa1ad229d75c394c1a9b9cac33af2b1d3)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
12  *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
13  *    distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS
16  * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
17  * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
18  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY
19  * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
20  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
21  * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
22  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER
23  * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
24  * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN
25  * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26  */
27 
28 #ifndef lint
29 static const char rcsid[] =
30   "$FreeBSD$";
31 #endif /* not lint */
32 
33 #include <sys/param.h>
34 #ifdef MAKEFS
35 /* In the makefs case we only want struct disklabel */
36 #include <sys/disk/bsd.h>
37 #else
38 #include <sys/fdcio.h>
39 #include <sys/disk.h>
40 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
41 #include <sys/mount.h>
42 #endif
43 #include <sys/stat.h>
44 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
45 #include <sys/time.h>
46 
47 #include <assert.h>
48 #include <ctype.h>
49 #include <err.h>
50 #include <errno.h>
51 #include <fcntl.h>
52 #include <inttypes.h>
53 #include <paths.h>
54 #include <signal.h>
55 #include <stdio.h>
56 #include <stdlib.h>
57 #include <string.h>
58 #include <time.h>
59 #include <unistd.h>
60 
61 #include "mkfs_msdos.h"
62 
63 #define	MAXU16	  0xffff	/* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */
64 #define	BPN	  4		/* bits per nibble */
65 #define	NPB	  2		/* nibbles per byte */
66 
67 #define	DOSMAGIC  0xaa55	/* DOS magic number */
68 #define	MINBPS	  512		/* minimum bytes per sector */
69 #define	MAXBPS    4096		/* maximum bytes per sector */
70 #define	MAXSPC	  128		/* maximum sectors per cluster */
71 #define	MAXNFT	  16		/* maximum number of FATs */
72 #define	DEFBLK	  4096		/* default block size */
73 #define	DEFBLK16  2048		/* default block size FAT16 */
74 #define	DEFRDE	  512		/* default root directory entries */
75 #define	RESFTE	  2		/* reserved FAT entries */
76 #define	MINCLS12  1U		/* minimum FAT12 clusters */
77 #define	MINCLS16  0xff5U	/* minimum FAT16 clusters */
78 #define	MINCLS32  0xfff5U	/* minimum FAT32 clusters */
79 #define	MAXCLS12  0xff4U	/* maximum FAT12 clusters */
80 #define	MAXCLS16  0xfff4U	/* maximum FAT16 clusters */
81 #define	MAXCLS32  0xffffff4U	/* maximum FAT32 clusters */
82 
83 #define	mincls(fat)  ((fat) == 12 ? MINCLS12 :	\
84 		      (fat) == 16 ? MINCLS16 :	\
85 				    MINCLS32)
86 
87 #define	maxcls(fat)  ((fat) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 :	\
88 		      (fat) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 :	\
89 				    MAXCLS32)
90 
91 #define	mk1(p, x)				\
92     (p) = (u_int8_t)(x)
93 
94 #define	mk2(p, x)				\
95     (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x),			\
96     (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010)
97 
98 #define	mk4(p, x)				\
99     (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x),			\
100     (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010),		\
101     (p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020),		\
102     (p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030)
103 
104 struct bs {
105     u_int8_t bsJump[3];			/* bootstrap entry point */
106     u_int8_t bsOemName[8];		/* OEM name and version */
107 } __packed;
108 
109 struct bsbpb {
110     u_int8_t bpbBytesPerSec[2];		/* bytes per sector */
111     u_int8_t bpbSecPerClust;		/* sectors per cluster */
112     u_int8_t bpbResSectors[2];		/* reserved sectors */
113     u_int8_t bpbFATs;			/* number of FATs */
114     u_int8_t bpbRootDirEnts[2];		/* root directory entries */
115     u_int8_t bpbSectors[2];		/* total sectors */
116     u_int8_t bpbMedia;			/* media descriptor */
117     u_int8_t bpbFATsecs[2];		/* sectors per FAT */
118     u_int8_t bpbSecPerTrack[2];		/* sectors per track */
119     u_int8_t bpbHeads[2];		/* drive heads */
120     u_int8_t bpbHiddenSecs[4];		/* hidden sectors */
121     u_int8_t bpbHugeSectors[4];		/* big total sectors */
122 } __packed;
123 
124 struct bsxbpb {
125     u_int8_t bpbBigFATsecs[4];		/* big sectors per FAT */
126     u_int8_t bpbExtFlags[2];		/* FAT control flags */
127     u_int8_t bpbFSVers[2];		/* file system version */
128     u_int8_t bpbRootClust[4];		/* root directory start cluster */
129     u_int8_t bpbFSInfo[2];		/* file system info sector */
130     u_int8_t bpbBackup[2];		/* backup boot sector */
131     u_int8_t bpbReserved[12];		/* reserved */
132 } __packed;
133 
134 struct bsx {
135     u_int8_t exDriveNumber;		/* drive number */
136     u_int8_t exReserved1;		/* reserved */
137     u_int8_t exBootSignature;		/* extended boot signature */
138     u_int8_t exVolumeID[4];		/* volume ID number */
139     u_int8_t exVolumeLabel[11];		/* volume label */
140     u_int8_t exFileSysType[8];		/* file system type */
141 } __packed;
142 
143 struct de {
144     u_int8_t deName[11];		/* name and extension */
145     u_int8_t deAttributes;		/* attributes */
146     u_int8_t rsvd[10];			/* reserved */
147     u_int8_t deMTime[2];		/* last-modified time */
148     u_int8_t deMDate[2];		/* last-modified date */
149     u_int8_t deStartCluster[2];		/* starting cluster */
150     u_int8_t deFileSize[4];		/* size */
151 } __packed;
152 
153 struct bpb {
154     u_int bpbBytesPerSec;		/* bytes per sector */
155     u_int bpbSecPerClust;		/* sectors per cluster */
156     u_int bpbResSectors;		/* reserved sectors */
157     u_int bpbFATs;			/* number of FATs */
158     u_int bpbRootDirEnts;		/* root directory entries */
159     u_int bpbSectors;			/* total sectors */
160     u_int bpbMedia;			/* media descriptor */
161     u_int bpbFATsecs;			/* sectors per FAT */
162     u_int bpbSecPerTrack;		/* sectors per track */
163     u_int bpbHeads;			/* drive heads */
164     u_int bpbHiddenSecs;		/* hidden sectors */
165     u_int bpbHugeSectors; 		/* big total sectors */
166     u_int bpbBigFATsecs; 		/* big sectors per FAT */
167     u_int bpbRootClust; 		/* root directory start cluster */
168     u_int bpbFSInfo; 			/* file system info sector */
169     u_int bpbBackup; 			/* backup boot sector */
170 };
171 
172 #define	BPBGAP 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0
173 
174 static struct {
175     const char *name;
176     struct bpb bpb;
177 } const stdfmt[] = {
178     {"160",  {512, 1, 1, 2,  64,  320, 0xfe, 1,  8, 1, BPBGAP}},
179     {"180",  {512, 1, 1, 2,  64,  360, 0xfc, 2,  9, 1, BPBGAP}},
180     {"320",  {512, 2, 1, 2, 112,  640, 0xff, 1,  8, 2, BPBGAP}},
181     {"360",  {512, 2, 1, 2, 112,  720, 0xfd, 2,  9, 2, BPBGAP}},
182     {"640",  {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2,  8, 2, BPBGAP}},
183     {"720",  {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3,  9, 2, BPBGAP}},
184     {"1200", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2, BPBGAP}},
185     {"1232", {1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2,  8, 2, BPBGAP}},
186     {"1440", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2, BPBGAP}},
187     {"2880", {512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2, BPBGAP}}
188 };
189 
190 static const u_int8_t bootcode[] = {
191     0xfa,			/* cli		    */
192     0x31, 0xc0, 		/* xor	   ax,ax    */
193     0x8e, 0xd0, 		/* mov	   ss,ax    */
194     0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c,		/* mov	   sp,7c00h */
195     0xfb,			/* sti		    */
196     0x8e, 0xd8, 		/* mov	   ds,ax    */
197     0xe8, 0x00, 0x00,		/* call    $ + 3    */
198     0x5e,			/* pop	   si	    */
199     0x83, 0xc6, 0x19,		/* add	   si,+19h  */
200     0xbb, 0x07, 0x00,		/* mov	   bx,0007h */
201     0xfc,			/* cld		    */
202     0xac,			/* lodsb	    */
203     0x84, 0xc0, 		/* test    al,al    */
204     0x74, 0x06, 		/* jz	   $ + 8    */
205     0xb4, 0x0e, 		/* mov	   ah,0eh   */
206     0xcd, 0x10, 		/* int	   10h	    */
207     0xeb, 0xf5, 		/* jmp	   $ - 9    */
208     0x30, 0xe4, 		/* xor	   ah,ah    */
209     0xcd, 0x16, 		/* int	   16h	    */
210     0xcd, 0x19, 		/* int	   19h	    */
211     0x0d, 0x0a,
212     'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't',
213     'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k',
214     0x0d, 0x0a,
215     'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n',
216     'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o',
217     ' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't',
218     0x0d, 0x0a,
219     0
220 };
221 
222 static volatile sig_atomic_t got_siginfo;
223 static void infohandler(int);
224 
225 static int check_mounted(const char *, mode_t);
226 static ssize_t getchunksize(void);
227 static int getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *);
228 static int getdiskinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int, struct bpb *);
229 static void print_bpb(struct bpb *);
230 static int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *);
231 static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *);
232 static int oklabel(const char *);
233 static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t);
234 
235 int
236 mkfs_msdos(const char *fname, const char *dtype, const struct msdos_options *op)
237 {
238     char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
239     struct sigaction si_sa;
240     struct stat sb;
241     struct timeval tv;
242     struct bpb bpb;
243     struct tm *tm;
244     struct bs *bs;
245     struct bsbpb *bsbpb;
246     struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb;
247     struct bsx *bsx;
248     struct de *de;
249     u_int8_t *img;
250     u_int8_t *physbuf, *physbuf_end;
251     const char *bname;
252     ssize_t n;
253     time_t now;
254     u_int fat, bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2;
255     u_int extra_res, alignment, saved_x, attempts=0;
256     bool set_res, set_spf, set_spc;
257     int fd, fd1, rv;
258     struct msdos_options o = *op;
259     ssize_t chunksize;
260 
261     physbuf = NULL;
262     rv = -1;
263     fd = fd1 = -1;
264 
265     if (o.block_size && o.sectors_per_cluster) {
266 	warnx("Cannot specify both block size and sectors per cluster");
267 	goto done;
268     }
269     if (o.OEM_string && strlen(o.OEM_string) > 8) {
270 	warnx("%s: bad OEM string", o.OEM_string);
271 	goto done;
272     }
273     if (o.create_size) {
274 	if (o.no_create) {
275 	    warnx("create (-C) is incompatible with -N");
276 	    goto done;
277 	}
278 	fd = open(fname, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
279 	if (fd == -1) {
280 	    warnx("failed to create %s", fname);
281 	    goto done;
282 	}
283 	if (ftruncate(fd, o.create_size)) {
284 	    warnx("failed to initialize %jd bytes", (intmax_t)o.create_size);
285 	    goto done;
286 	}
287     } else if ((fd = open(fname, o.no_create ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1) {
288 	warn("%s", fname);
289 	goto done;
290     }
291     if (fstat(fd, &sb)) {
292 	warn("%s", fname);
293 	goto done;
294     }
295     if (o.create_size) {
296 	if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode))
297 	    warnx("warning, %s is not a regular file", fname);
298     } else {
299 #ifdef MAKEFS
300 	errx(1, "o.create_size must be set!");
301 #else
302 	if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
303 	    warnx("warning, %s is not a character device", fname);
304 #endif
305     }
306 #ifndef MAKEFS
307     if (!o.no_create)
308 	if (check_mounted(fname, sb.st_mode) == -1)
309 	    goto done;
310 #endif
311     if (o.offset && o.offset != lseek(fd, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) {
312 	warnx("cannot seek to %jd", (intmax_t)o.offset);
313 	goto done;
314     }
315     memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb));
316     if (o.floppy) {
317 	if (getstdfmt(o.floppy, &bpb) == -1)
318 	    goto done;
319 	bpb.bpbHugeSectors = bpb.bpbSectors;
320 	bpb.bpbSectors = 0;
321 	bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = bpb.bpbFATsecs;
322 	bpb.bpbFATsecs = 0;
323     }
324     if (o.drive_heads)
325 	bpb.bpbHeads = o.drive_heads;
326     if (o.sectors_per_track)
327 	bpb.bpbSecPerTrack = o.sectors_per_track;
328     if (o.bytes_per_sector)
329 	bpb.bpbBytesPerSec = o.bytes_per_sector;
330     if (o.size)
331 	bpb.bpbHugeSectors = o.size;
332     if (o.hidden_sectors_set)
333 	bpb.bpbHiddenSecs = o.hidden_sectors;
334     if (!(o.floppy || (o.drive_heads && o.sectors_per_track &&
335 	o.bytes_per_sector && o.size && o.hidden_sectors_set))) {
336 	if (getdiskinfo(fd, fname, dtype, o.hidden_sectors_set, &bpb) == -1)
337 		goto done;
338 	bpb.bpbHugeSectors -= (o.offset / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
339 	if (bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 0) {	/* set defaults */
340 	    if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= 6000)	/* about 3MB -> 512 bytes */
341 		bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 1;
342 	    else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<17)) /* 64M -> 4k */
343 		bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 8;
344 	    else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<19)) /* 256M -> 8k */
345 		bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 16;
346 	    else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<21)) /* 1G -> 16k */
347 		bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 32;
348 	    else
349 		bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 64;		/* otherwise 32k */
350 	}
351     }
352     if (bpb.bpbBytesPerSec < MINBPS ||
353         bpb.bpbBytesPerSec > MAXBPS ||
354 	!powerof2(bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) {
355 	warnx("Invalid bytes/sector (%u): must be 512, 1024, 2048 or 4096",
356 	    bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
357 	goto done;
358     }
359 
360     if (o.volume_label && !oklabel(o.volume_label)) {
361 	warnx("%s: bad volume label", o.volume_label);
362 	goto done;
363     }
364     if (!(fat = o.fat_type)) {
365 	if (o.floppy)
366 	    fat = 12;
367 	else if (!o.directory_entries && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector))
368 	    fat = 32;
369     }
370     if ((fat == 32 && o.directory_entries) || (fat != 32 && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector))) {
371 	warnx("-%c is not a legal FAT%s option",
372 	     fat == 32 ? 'e' : o.info_sector ? 'i' : 'k',
373 	     fat == 32 ? "32" : "12/16");
374 	goto done;
375     }
376     if (o.floppy && fat == 32)
377 	bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = 0;
378     if (fat != 0 && fat != 12 && fat != 16 && fat != 32) {
379 	warnx("%d: bad FAT type", fat);
380 	goto done;
381     }
382 
383     if (o.block_size) {
384 	if (!powerof2(o.block_size)) {
385 	    warnx("block size (%u) is not a power of 2", o.block_size);
386 	    goto done;
387 	}
388 	if (o.block_size < bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) {
389 	    warnx("block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u",
390 		 o.block_size, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
391 	    goto done;
392 	}
393 	if (o.block_size > bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXSPC) {
394 	    warnx("block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u",
395 		 o.block_size, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXSPC);
396 	    goto done;
397 	}
398 	bpb.bpbSecPerClust = o.block_size / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec;
399     }
400     if (o.sectors_per_cluster) {
401 	if (!powerof2(o.sectors_per_cluster)) {
402 	    warnx("sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2",
403 		o.sectors_per_cluster);
404 	    goto done;
405 	}
406 	bpb.bpbSecPerClust = o.sectors_per_cluster;
407     }
408     if (o.reserved_sectors)
409 	bpb.bpbResSectors = o.reserved_sectors;
410     if (o.num_FAT) {
411 	if (o.num_FAT > MAXNFT) {
412 	    warnx("number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u",
413 		 o.num_FAT, MAXNFT);
414 	    goto done;
415 	}
416 	bpb.bpbFATs = o.num_FAT;
417     }
418     if (o.directory_entries)
419 	bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = o.directory_entries;
420     if (o.media_descriptor_set) {
421 	if (o.media_descriptor < 0xf0) {
422 	    warnx("illegal media descriptor (%#x)", o.media_descriptor);
423 	    goto done;
424 	}
425 	bpb.bpbMedia = o.media_descriptor;
426     }
427     if (o.sectors_per_fat)
428 	bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = o.sectors_per_fat;
429     if (o.info_sector)
430 	bpb.bpbFSInfo = o.info_sector;
431     if (o.backup_sector)
432 	bpb.bpbBackup = o.backup_sector;
433     bss = 1;
434     bname = NULL;
435     fd1 = -1;
436     if (o.bootstrap) {
437 	bname = o.bootstrap;
438 	if (!strchr(bname, '/')) {
439 	    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname);
440 	    bname = buf;
441 	}
442 	if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb)) {
443 	    warn("%s", bname);
444 	    goto done;
445 	}
446 	if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bpbBytesPerSec ||
447 	    sb.st_size < bpb.bpbBytesPerSec ||
448 	    sb.st_size > bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXU16) {
449 	    warnx("%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname);
450 	    goto done;
451 	}
452 	bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec;
453     }
454     if (!bpb.bpbFATs)
455 	bpb.bpbFATs = 2;
456     if (!fat) {
457 	if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors < (bpb.bpbResSectors ? bpb.bpbResSectors : bss) +
458 	    howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) *
459 		(bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? 16 : 12) / BPN,
460 		bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB) *
461 	    bpb.bpbFATs +
462 	    howmany(bpb.bpbRootDirEnts ? bpb.bpbRootDirEnts : DEFRDE,
463 		    bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)) +
464 	    (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) *
465 	    (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust :
466 	     howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)))
467 	    fat = 12;
468 	else if (bpb.bpbRootDirEnts || bpb.bpbHugeSectors <
469 		 (bpb.bpbResSectors ? bpb.bpbResSectors : bss) +
470 		 howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) *
471 		 bpb.bpbFATs +
472 		 howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)) +
473 		 (MAXCLS16 + 1) *
474 		 (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust :
475 		  howmany(8192, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)))
476 	    fat = 16;
477 	else
478 	    fat = 32;
479     }
480     x = bss;
481     if (fat == 32) {
482 	if (!bpb.bpbFSInfo) {
483 	    if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bpbBackup) {
484 		warnx("no room for info sector");
485 		goto done;
486 	    }
487 	    bpb.bpbFSInfo = x;
488 	}
489 	if (bpb.bpbFSInfo != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bpbFSInfo)
490 	    x = bpb.bpbFSInfo + 1;
491 	if (!bpb.bpbBackup) {
492 	    if (x == MAXU16) {
493 		warnx("no room for backup sector");
494 		goto done;
495 	    }
496 	    bpb.bpbBackup = x;
497 	} else if (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && bpb.bpbBackup == bpb.bpbFSInfo) {
498 	    warnx("backup sector would overwrite info sector");
499 	    goto done;
500 	}
501 	if (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bpbBackup)
502 	    x = bpb.bpbBackup + 1;
503     }
504 
505     extra_res = 0;
506     alignment = 0;
507     set_res = (bpb.bpbResSectors == 0);
508     set_spf = (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs == 0);
509     set_spc = (bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 0);
510     saved_x = x;
511 
512     /*
513      * Attempt to align the root directory to cluster if o.align is set.
514      * This is done by padding with reserved blocks. Note that this can
515      * cause other factors to change, which can in turn change the alignment.
516      * This should take at most 2 iterations, as increasing the reserved
517      * amount may cause the FAT size to decrease by 1, requiring another
518      * bpbFATs reserved blocks. If bpbSecPerClust changes, it will
519      * be half of its previous size, and thus will not throw off alignment.
520      */
521     do {
522 	x = saved_x;
523 	if (set_res)
524 	    bpb.bpbResSectors = ((fat == 32) ?
525 		MAX(x, MAX(16384 / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec, 4)) : x) + extra_res;
526 	else if (bpb.bpbResSectors < x) {
527 	    warnx("too few reserved sectors (need %d have %d)", x,
528 		bpb.bpbResSectors);
529 	    goto done;
530 	}
531 	if (fat != 32 && !bpb.bpbRootDirEnts)
532 	    bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = DEFRDE;
533 	rds = howmany(bpb.bpbRootDirEnts,
534 	    bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de));
535 	if (set_spc) {
536 	    for (bpb.bpbSecPerClust = howmany(fat == 16 ? DEFBLK16 :
537 		    DEFBLK, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
538 		bpb.bpbSecPerClust < MAXSPC && (bpb.bpbResSectors +
539 		    howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(fat)) * (fat / BPN),
540 			bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB) * bpb.bpbFATs +
541 		    rds +
542 		    (u_int64_t) (maxcls(fat) + 1) * bpb.bpbSecPerClust) <=
543 		    bpb.bpbHugeSectors;
544 		bpb.bpbSecPerClust <<= 1)
545 		    continue;
546 
547 	}
548 	if (fat != 32 && bpb.bpbBigFATsecs > MAXU16) {
549 	    warnx("too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16");
550 	    goto done;
551 	}
552 	x1 = bpb.bpbResSectors + rds;
553 	x = bpb.bpbBigFATsecs ? bpb.bpbBigFATsecs : 1;
554 	if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.bpbFATs > bpb.bpbHugeSectors) {
555 	    warnx("meta data exceeds file system size");
556 	    goto done;
557 	}
558 	x1 += x * bpb.bpbFATs;
559 	x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bpbHugeSectors - x1) * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB /
560 	    (bpb.bpbSecPerClust * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB +
561 	    fat / BPN * bpb.bpbFATs);
562 	x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MIN(x, maxcls(fat))) * (fat / BPN),
563 	    bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB);
564 	if (set_spf) {
565 	    if (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs == 0)
566 		bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = x2;
567 	    x1 += (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs - 1) * bpb.bpbFATs;
568 	}
569 	if (set_res) {
570 	    /* attempt to align root directory */
571 	    alignment = (bpb.bpbResSectors + bpb.bpbBigFATsecs * bpb.bpbFATs) %
572 		bpb.bpbSecPerClust;
573 	    if (o.align)
574 		extra_res += bpb.bpbSecPerClust - alignment;
575 	}
576 	attempts++;
577     } while (o.align && alignment != 0 && attempts < 2);
578     if (o.align && alignment != 0)
579 	warnx("warning: Alignment failed.");
580 
581     cls = (bpb.bpbHugeSectors - x1) / bpb.bpbSecPerClust;
582     x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bpbBigFATsecs * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB / (fat / BPN) -
583 	RESFTE;
584     if (cls > x)
585 	cls = x;
586     if (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs < x2)
587 	warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters",
588 	      cls);
589     if (cls < mincls(fat)) {
590 	warnx("%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, fat,
591 	    mincls(fat));
592 	goto done;
593     }
594     if (cls > maxcls(fat)) {
595 	cls = maxcls(fat);
596 	bpb.bpbHugeSectors = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.bpbSecPerClust - 1;
597 	warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors",
598 	      bpb.bpbHugeSectors);
599     }
600     printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s "
601 	   "(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.bpbSecPerClust,
602 	   cls * bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, fat,
603 	   cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * bpb.bpbSecPerClust);
604     if (!bpb.bpbMedia)
605 	bpb.bpbMedia = !bpb.bpbHiddenSecs ? 0xf0 : 0xf8;
606     if (fat == 32)
607 	bpb.bpbRootClust = RESFTE;
608     if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= MAXU16) {
609 	bpb.bpbSectors = bpb.bpbHugeSectors;
610 	bpb.bpbHugeSectors = 0;
611     }
612     if (fat != 32) {
613 	bpb.bpbFATsecs = bpb.bpbBigFATsecs;
614 	bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = 0;
615     }
616     print_bpb(&bpb);
617     if (!o.no_create) {
618 	if (o.timestamp_set) {
619 	    tv.tv_sec = now = o.timestamp;
620 	    tv.tv_usec = 0;
621 	    tm = gmtime(&now);
622 	} else {
623 	    gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
624 	    now = tv.tv_sec;
625 	    tm = localtime(&now);
626 	}
627 
628 	chunksize = getchunksize();
629 	physbuf = malloc(chunksize);
630 	if (physbuf == NULL) {
631 	    warn(NULL);
632 	    goto done;
633 	}
634 	physbuf_end = physbuf + chunksize;
635 	img = physbuf;
636 
637 	dir = bpb.bpbResSectors + (bpb.bpbFATsecs ? bpb.bpbFATsecs :
638 				   bpb.bpbBigFATsecs) * bpb.bpbFATs;
639 	memset(&si_sa, 0, sizeof(si_sa));
640 	si_sa.sa_handler = infohandler;
641 #ifdef SIGINFO
642 	if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, NULL) == -1) {
643 	    warn("sigaction SIGINFO");
644 	    goto done;
645 	}
646 #endif
647 	for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust : rds); lsn++) {
648 	    if (got_siginfo) {
649 		    fprintf(stderr,"%s: writing sector %u of %u (%u%%)\n",
650 			fname, lsn,
651 			(dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust: rds)),
652 			(lsn * 100) / (dir +
653 			    (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust: rds)));
654 		    got_siginfo = 0;
655 	    }
656 	    x = lsn;
657 	    if (o.bootstrap &&
658 		fat == 32 && bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 &&
659 		bss <= bpb.bpbBackup && x >= bpb.bpbBackup) {
660 		x -= bpb.bpbBackup;
661 		if (!x && lseek(fd1, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) {
662 		    warn("%s", bname);
663 		    goto done;
664 		}
665 	    }
666 	    if (o.bootstrap && x < bss) {
667 		if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) == -1) {
668 		    warn("%s", bname);
669 		    goto done;
670 		}
671 		if ((unsigned)n != bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) {
672 		    warnx("%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x);
673 		    goto done;
674 		}
675 	    } else
676 		memset(img, 0, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
677 	    if (!lsn ||
678 		(fat == 32 && bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 &&
679 		 lsn == bpb.bpbBackup)) {
680 		x1 = sizeof(struct bs);
681 		bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1);
682 		mk2(bsbpb->bpbBytesPerSec, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec);
683 		mk1(bsbpb->bpbSecPerClust, bpb.bpbSecPerClust);
684 		mk2(bsbpb->bpbResSectors, bpb.bpbResSectors);
685 		mk1(bsbpb->bpbFATs, bpb.bpbFATs);
686 		mk2(bsbpb->bpbRootDirEnts, bpb.bpbRootDirEnts);
687 		mk2(bsbpb->bpbSectors, bpb.bpbSectors);
688 		mk1(bsbpb->bpbMedia, bpb.bpbMedia);
689 		mk2(bsbpb->bpbFATsecs, bpb.bpbFATsecs);
690 		mk2(bsbpb->bpbSecPerTrack, bpb.bpbSecPerTrack);
691 		mk2(bsbpb->bpbHeads, bpb.bpbHeads);
692 		mk4(bsbpb->bpbHiddenSecs, bpb.bpbHiddenSecs);
693 		mk4(bsbpb->bpbHugeSectors, bpb.bpbHugeSectors);
694 		x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb);
695 		if (fat == 32) {
696 		    bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1);
697 		    mk4(bsxbpb->bpbBigFATsecs, bpb.bpbBigFATsecs);
698 		    mk2(bsxbpb->bpbExtFlags, 0);
699 		    mk2(bsxbpb->bpbFSVers, 0);
700 		    mk4(bsxbpb->bpbRootClust, bpb.bpbRootClust);
701 		    mk2(bsxbpb->bpbFSInfo, bpb.bpbFSInfo);
702 		    mk2(bsxbpb->bpbBackup, bpb.bpbBackup);
703 		    x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb);
704 		}
705 		bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1);
706 		mk1(bsx->exBootSignature, 0x29);
707 		if (o.volume_id_set)
708 		    x = o.volume_id;
709 		else
710 		    x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 |
711 			  (u_int)tm->tm_mday) +
712 			 ((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 |
713 			  (u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 |
714 			((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) +
715 			 ((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 |
716 			  (u_int)tm->tm_min));
717 		mk4(bsx->exVolumeID, x);
718 		mklabel(bsx->exVolumeLabel, o.volume_label ? o.volume_label : "NO NAME");
719 		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "FAT%u", fat);
720 		setstr(bsx->exFileSysType, buf, sizeof(bsx->exFileSysType));
721 		if (!o.bootstrap) {
722 		    x1 += sizeof(struct bsx);
723 		    bs = (struct bs *)img;
724 		    mk1(bs->bsJump[0], 0xeb);
725 		    mk1(bs->bsJump[1], x1 - 2);
726 		    mk1(bs->bsJump[2], 0x90);
727 		    setstr(bs->bsOemName, o.OEM_string ? o.OEM_string : "BSD4.4  ",
728 			   sizeof(bs->bsOemName));
729 		    memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode));
730 		    mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC);
731 		}
732 	    } else if (fat == 32 && bpb.bpbFSInfo != MAXU16 &&
733 		       (lsn == bpb.bpbFSInfo ||
734 			(bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 &&
735 			 lsn == bpb.bpbBackup + bpb.bpbFSInfo))) {
736 		mk4(img, 0x41615252);
737 		mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272);
738 		mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff);
739 		mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, 0xffffffff);
740 		mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC);
741 	    } else if (lsn >= bpb.bpbResSectors && lsn < dir &&
742 		       !((lsn - bpb.bpbResSectors) %
743 			 (bpb.bpbFATsecs ? bpb.bpbFATsecs :
744 			  bpb.bpbBigFATsecs))) {
745 		mk1(img[0], bpb.bpbMedia);
746 		for (x = 1; x < fat * (fat == 32 ? 3 : 2) / 8; x++)
747 		    mk1(img[x], fat == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff);
748 	    } else if (lsn == dir && o.volume_label) {
749 		de = (struct de *)img;
750 		mklabel(de->deName, o.volume_label);
751 		mk1(de->deAttributes, 050);
752 		x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 |
753 		    (u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 |
754 		    (u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1;
755 		mk2(de->deMTime, x);
756 		x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 |
757 		    (u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 |
758 		    (u_int)tm->tm_mday;
759 		mk2(de->deMDate, x);
760 	    }
761 	    /*
762 	     * Issue a write of chunksize once we have collected
763 	     * enough sectors.
764 	     */
765 	    img += bpb.bpbBytesPerSec;
766 	    if (img >= physbuf_end) {
767 		n = write(fd, physbuf, chunksize);
768 		if (n != chunksize) {
769 		    warnx("%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn);
770 		    goto done;
771 		}
772 		img = physbuf;
773 	    }
774 	}
775 	/*
776 	 * Write remaining sectors, if the last write didn't end
777 	 * up filling a whole chunk.
778 	 */
779 	if (img != physbuf) {
780 		ssize_t tailsize = img - physbuf;
781 
782 		n = write(fd, physbuf, tailsize);
783 		if (n != tailsize) {
784 		    warnx("%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn);
785 		    goto done;
786 		}
787 	}
788     }
789     rv = 0;
790 done:
791     free(physbuf);
792     if (fd != -1)
793 	    close(fd);
794     if (fd1 != -1)
795 	    close(fd1);
796 
797     return rv;
798 }
799 
800 /*
801  * return -1 with error if file system is mounted.
802  */
803 static int
804 check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode)
805 {
806 /*
807  * If getmntinfo() is not available (e.g. Linux) don't check. This should
808  * not be a problem since we will only be using makefs to create images.
809  */
810 #if !defined(MAKEFS)
811     struct statfs *mp;
812     const char *s1, *s2;
813     size_t len;
814     int n, r;
815 
816     if (!(n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT))) {
817 	warn("getmntinfo");
818 	return -1;
819     }
820     len = strlen(_PATH_DEV);
821     s1 = fname;
822     if (!strncmp(s1, _PATH_DEV, len))
823 	s1 += len;
824     r = S_ISCHR(mode) && s1 != fname && *s1 == 'r';
825     for (; n--; mp++) {
826 	s2 = mp->f_mntfromname;
827 	if (!strncmp(s2, _PATH_DEV, len))
828 	    s2 += len;
829 	if ((r && s2 != mp->f_mntfromname && !strcmp(s1 + 1, s2)) ||
830 	    !strcmp(s1, s2)) {
831 	    warnx("%s is mounted on %s", fname, mp->f_mntonname);
832 	    return -1;
833 	}
834     }
835 #endif
836     return 0;
837 }
838 
839 /*
840  * Get optimal I/O size
841  */
842 static ssize_t
843 getchunksize(void)
844 {
845 	static int chunksize;
846 
847 	if (chunksize != 0)
848 		return ((ssize_t)chunksize);
849 
850 #ifdef	KERN_MAXPHYS
851 	int mib[2];
852 	size_t len;
853 
854 	mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
855 	mib[1] = KERN_MAXPHYS;
856 	len = sizeof(chunksize);
857 
858 	if (sysctl(mib, 2, &chunksize, &len, NULL, 0) == -1) {
859 		warn("sysctl: KERN_MAXPHYS, using %zu", (size_t)MAXPHYS);
860 		chunksize = 0;
861 	}
862 #endif
863 	if (chunksize == 0)
864 		chunksize = MAXPHYS;
865 
866 	/*
867 	 * For better performance, we want to write larger chunks instead of
868 	 * individual sectors (the size can only be 512, 1024, 2048 or 4096
869 	 * bytes). Assert that chunksize can always hold an integer number of
870 	 * sectors by asserting that both are power of two numbers and the
871 	 * chunksize is greater than MAXBPS.
872 	 */
873 	static_assert(powerof2(MAXBPS), "MAXBPS is not power of 2");
874 	assert(powerof2(chunksize));
875 	assert(chunksize > MAXBPS);
876 
877 	return ((ssize_t)chunksize);
878 }
879 
880 /*
881  * Get a standard format.
882  */
883 static int
884 getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb)
885 {
886     u_int x, i;
887 
888     x = nitems(stdfmt);
889     for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++);
890     if (i == x) {
891 	warnx("%s: unknown standard format", fmt);
892 	return -1;
893     }
894     *bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb;
895     return 0;
896 }
897 
898 static void
899 compute_geometry_from_file(int fd, const char *fname, struct disklabel *lp)
900 {
901 	struct stat st;
902 	off_t ms;
903 
904 	if (fstat(fd, &st))
905 		err(1, "cannot get disk size");
906 	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
907 		errx(1, "%s is not a regular file", fname);
908 	ms = st.st_size;
909 	lp->d_secsize = 512;
910 	lp->d_nsectors = 63;
911 	lp->d_ntracks = 255;
912 	lp->d_secperunit = ms / lp->d_secsize;
913 }
914 
915 /*
916  * Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information.
917  */
918 static int
919 getdiskinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, __unused int oflag,
920 	    struct bpb *bpb)
921 {
922     struct disklabel *lp, dlp;
923     off_t hs = 0;
924 #ifndef MAKEFS
925     off_t ms;
926     struct fd_type type;
927 
928     lp = NULL;
929 
930     /* If the user specified a disk type, try to use that */
931     if (dtype != NULL) {
932 	lp = getdiskbyname(dtype);
933     }
934 
935     /* Maybe it's a floppy drive */
936     if (lp == NULL) {
937 	if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &ms) == -1) {
938 	    /* create a fake geometry for a file image */
939 	    compute_geometry_from_file(fd, fname, &dlp);
940 	    lp = &dlp;
941 	} else if (ioctl(fd, FD_GTYPE, &type) != -1) {
942 	    dlp.d_secsize = 128 << type.secsize;
943 	    dlp.d_nsectors = type.sectrac;
944 	    dlp.d_ntracks = type.heads;
945 	    dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize;
946 	    lp = &dlp;
947 	}
948     }
949 
950     /* Maybe it's a fixed drive */
951     if (lp == NULL) {
952 	if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec)
953 	    dlp.d_secsize = bpb->bpbBytesPerSec;
954 	if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE,
955 					      &dlp.d_secsize) == -1)
956 	    err(1, "cannot get sector size");
957 
958 	dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize;
959 
960 	if (bpb->bpbSecPerTrack == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS,
961 					      &dlp.d_nsectors) == -1) {
962 	    warn("cannot get number of sectors per track");
963 	    dlp.d_nsectors = 63;
964 	}
965 	if (bpb->bpbHeads == 0 &&
966 	    ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &dlp.d_ntracks) == -1) {
967 	    warn("cannot get number of heads");
968 	    if (dlp.d_secperunit <= 63*1*1024)
969 		dlp.d_ntracks = 1;
970 	    else if (dlp.d_secperunit <= 63*16*1024)
971 		dlp.d_ntracks = 16;
972 	    else
973 		dlp.d_ntracks = 255;
974 	}
975 
976 	hs = (ms / dlp.d_secsize) - dlp.d_secperunit;
977 	lp = &dlp;
978     }
979 #else
980     /* In the makefs case we only support image files: */
981     compute_geometry_from_file(fd, fname, &dlp);
982     lp = &dlp;
983 #endif
984 
985     if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec == 0) {
986 	if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_secsize, "bytes/sector") == -1)
987 	    return -1;
988 	bpb->bpbBytesPerSec = lp->d_secsize;
989     }
990     if (bpb->bpbSecPerTrack == 0) {
991 	if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_nsectors, "sectors/track") == -1)
992 	    return -1;
993 	bpb->bpbSecPerTrack = lp->d_nsectors;
994     }
995     if (bpb->bpbHeads == 0) {
996 	if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_ntracks, "drive heads") == -1)
997 	    return -1;
998 	bpb->bpbHeads = lp->d_ntracks;
999     }
1000     if (bpb->bpbHugeSectors == 0)
1001 	bpb->bpbHugeSectors = lp->d_secperunit;
1002     if (bpb->bpbHiddenSecs == 0)
1003 	bpb->bpbHiddenSecs = hs;
1004     return 0;
1005 }
1006 
1007 /*
1008  * Print out BPB values.
1009  */
1010 static void
1011 print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb)
1012 {
1013     printf("BytesPerSec=%u SecPerClust=%u ResSectors=%u FATs=%u",
1014 	   bpb->bpbBytesPerSec, bpb->bpbSecPerClust, bpb->bpbResSectors,
1015 	   bpb->bpbFATs);
1016     if (bpb->bpbRootDirEnts)
1017 	printf(" RootDirEnts=%u", bpb->bpbRootDirEnts);
1018     if (bpb->bpbSectors)
1019 	printf(" Sectors=%u", bpb->bpbSectors);
1020     printf(" Media=%#x", bpb->bpbMedia);
1021     if (bpb->bpbFATsecs)
1022 	printf(" FATsecs=%u", bpb->bpbFATsecs);
1023     printf(" SecPerTrack=%u Heads=%u HiddenSecs=%u", bpb->bpbSecPerTrack,
1024 	   bpb->bpbHeads, bpb->bpbHiddenSecs);
1025     if (bpb->bpbHugeSectors)
1026 	printf(" HugeSectors=%u", bpb->bpbHugeSectors);
1027     if (!bpb->bpbFATsecs) {
1028 	printf(" FATsecs=%u RootCluster=%u", bpb->bpbBigFATsecs,
1029 	       bpb->bpbRootClust);
1030 	printf(" FSInfo=");
1031 	printf(bpb->bpbFSInfo == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bpbFSInfo);
1032 	printf(" Backup=");
1033 	printf(bpb->bpbBackup == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bpbBackup);
1034     }
1035     printf("\n");
1036 }
1037 
1038 /*
1039  * Check a disk geometry value.
1040  */
1041 static int
1042 ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg)
1043 {
1044     if (!val) {
1045 	warnx("%s: no default %s", fname, msg);
1046 	return -1;
1047     }
1048     if (val > MAXU16) {
1049 	warnx("%s: illegal %s %d", fname, msg, val);
1050 	return -1;
1051     }
1052     return 0;
1053 }
1054 
1055 /*
1056  * Check a volume label.
1057  */
1058 static int
1059 oklabel(const char *src)
1060 {
1061     int c, i;
1062 
1063     for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) {
1064 	c = (u_char)*src++;
1065 	if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c))
1066 	    break;
1067     }
1068     return i && !c;
1069 }
1070 
1071 /*
1072  * Make a volume label.
1073  */
1074 static void
1075 mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src)
1076 {
1077     int c, i;
1078 
1079     for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
1080 	c = *src ? toupper(*src++) : ' ';
1081 	*dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c;
1082     }
1083 }
1084 
1085 /*
1086  * Copy string, padding with spaces.
1087  */
1088 static void
1089 setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len)
1090 {
1091     while (len--)
1092 	*dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' ';
1093 }
1094 
1095 static void
1096 infohandler(int sig __unused)
1097 {
1098 
1099 	got_siginfo = 1;
1100 }
1101