1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in 12 * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the 13 * distribution. 14 * 15 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS 16 * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 17 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 18 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY 19 * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 20 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE 21 * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 22 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER 23 * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR 24 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN 25 * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 26 */ 27 28 #ifndef lint 29 static const char rcsid[] = 30 "$FreeBSD$"; 31 #endif /* not lint */ 32 33 #include <sys/param.h> 34 #include <sys/fdcio.h> 35 #include <sys/disk.h> 36 #include <sys/disklabel.h> 37 #include <sys/mount.h> 38 #include <sys/stat.h> 39 #include <sys/time.h> 40 41 #include <ctype.h> 42 #include <err.h> 43 #include <errno.h> 44 #include <fcntl.h> 45 #include <inttypes.h> 46 #include <paths.h> 47 #include <signal.h> 48 #include <stdio.h> 49 #include <stdlib.h> 50 #include <string.h> 51 #include <time.h> 52 #include <unistd.h> 53 54 #include "mkfs_msdos.h" 55 56 #define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */ 57 #define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */ 58 #define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */ 59 60 #define DOSMAGIC 0xaa55 /* DOS magic number */ 61 #define MINBPS 512 /* minimum bytes per sector */ 62 #define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */ 63 #define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */ 64 #define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */ 65 #define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */ 66 #define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */ 67 #define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */ 68 #define MINCLS12 1U /* minimum FAT12 clusters */ 69 #define MINCLS16 0xff5U /* minimum FAT16 clusters */ 70 #define MINCLS32 0xfff5U /* minimum FAT32 clusters */ 71 #define MAXCLS12 0xff4U /* maximum FAT12 clusters */ 72 #define MAXCLS16 0xfff4U /* maximum FAT16 clusters */ 73 #define MAXCLS32 0xffffff4U /* maximum FAT32 clusters */ 74 75 #define mincls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \ 76 (fat) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \ 77 MINCLS32) 78 79 #define maxcls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \ 80 (fat) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \ 81 MAXCLS32) 82 83 #define mk1(p, x) \ 84 (p) = (u_int8_t)(x) 85 86 #define mk2(p, x) \ 87 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 88 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010) 89 90 #define mk4(p, x) \ 91 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 92 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010), \ 93 (p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020), \ 94 (p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030) 95 96 struct bs { 97 u_int8_t bsJump[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */ 98 u_int8_t bsOemName[8]; /* OEM name and version */ 99 } __packed; 100 101 struct bsbpb { 102 u_int8_t bpbBytesPerSec[2]; /* bytes per sector */ 103 u_int8_t bpbSecPerClust; /* sectors per cluster */ 104 u_int8_t bpbResSectors[2]; /* reserved sectors */ 105 u_int8_t bpbFATs; /* number of FATs */ 106 u_int8_t bpbRootDirEnts[2]; /* root directory entries */ 107 u_int8_t bpbSectors[2]; /* total sectors */ 108 u_int8_t bpbMedia; /* media descriptor */ 109 u_int8_t bpbFATsecs[2]; /* sectors per FAT */ 110 u_int8_t bpbSecPerTrack[2]; /* sectors per track */ 111 u_int8_t bpbHeads[2]; /* drive heads */ 112 u_int8_t bpbHiddenSecs[4]; /* hidden sectors */ 113 u_int8_t bpbHugeSectors[4]; /* big total sectors */ 114 } __packed; 115 116 struct bsxbpb { 117 u_int8_t bpbBigFATsecs[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */ 118 u_int8_t bpbExtFlags[2]; /* FAT control flags */ 119 u_int8_t bpbFSVers[2]; /* file system version */ 120 u_int8_t bpbRootClust[4]; /* root directory start cluster */ 121 u_int8_t bpbFSInfo[2]; /* file system info sector */ 122 u_int8_t bpbBackup[2]; /* backup boot sector */ 123 u_int8_t bpbReserved[12]; /* reserved */ 124 } __packed; 125 126 struct bsx { 127 u_int8_t exDriveNumber; /* drive number */ 128 u_int8_t exReserved1; /* reserved */ 129 u_int8_t exBootSignature; /* extended boot signature */ 130 u_int8_t exVolumeID[4]; /* volume ID number */ 131 u_int8_t exVolumeLabel[11]; /* volume label */ 132 u_int8_t exFileSysType[8]; /* file system type */ 133 } __packed; 134 135 struct de { 136 u_int8_t deName[11]; /* name and extension */ 137 u_int8_t deAttributes; /* attributes */ 138 u_int8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */ 139 u_int8_t deMTime[2]; /* last-modified time */ 140 u_int8_t deMDate[2]; /* last-modified date */ 141 u_int8_t deStartCluster[2]; /* starting cluster */ 142 u_int8_t deFileSize[4]; /* size */ 143 } __packed; 144 145 struct bpb { 146 u_int bpbBytesPerSec; /* bytes per sector */ 147 u_int bpbSecPerClust; /* sectors per cluster */ 148 u_int bpbResSectors; /* reserved sectors */ 149 u_int bpbFATs; /* number of FATs */ 150 u_int bpbRootDirEnts; /* root directory entries */ 151 u_int bpbSectors; /* total sectors */ 152 u_int bpbMedia; /* media descriptor */ 153 u_int bpbFATsecs; /* sectors per FAT */ 154 u_int bpbSecPerTrack; /* sectors per track */ 155 u_int bpbHeads; /* drive heads */ 156 u_int bpbHiddenSecs; /* hidden sectors */ 157 u_int bpbHugeSectors; /* big total sectors */ 158 u_int bpbBigFATsecs; /* big sectors per FAT */ 159 u_int bpbRootClust; /* root directory start cluster */ 160 u_int bpbFSInfo; /* file system info sector */ 161 u_int bpbBackup; /* backup boot sector */ 162 }; 163 164 #define BPBGAP 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 165 166 static struct { 167 const char *name; 168 struct bpb bpb; 169 } const stdfmt[] = { 170 {"160", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1, BPBGAP}}, 171 {"180", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1, BPBGAP}}, 172 {"320", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2, BPBGAP}}, 173 {"360", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2, BPBGAP}}, 174 {"640", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2, 8, 2, BPBGAP}}, 175 {"720", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2, BPBGAP}}, 176 {"1200", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2, BPBGAP}}, 177 {"1232", {1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2, 8, 2, BPBGAP}}, 178 {"1440", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2, BPBGAP}}, 179 {"2880", {512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2, BPBGAP}} 180 }; 181 182 static const u_int8_t bootcode[] = { 183 0xfa, /* cli */ 184 0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */ 185 0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */ 186 0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */ 187 0xfb, /* sti */ 188 0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */ 189 0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */ 190 0x5e, /* pop si */ 191 0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */ 192 0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */ 193 0xfc, /* cld */ 194 0xac, /* lodsb */ 195 0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */ 196 0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */ 197 0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */ 198 0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */ 199 0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */ 200 0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */ 201 0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */ 202 0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */ 203 0x0d, 0x0a, 204 'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't', 205 'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k', 206 0x0d, 0x0a, 207 'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n', 208 'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o', 209 ' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't', 210 0x0d, 0x0a, 211 0 212 }; 213 214 static volatile sig_atomic_t got_siginfo; 215 static void infohandler(int); 216 217 static int check_mounted(const char *, mode_t); 218 static int getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *); 219 static int getdiskinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int, struct bpb *); 220 static void print_bpb(struct bpb *); 221 static int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *); 222 static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *); 223 static int oklabel(const char *); 224 static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t); 225 226 int 227 mkfs_msdos(const char *fname, const char *dtype, const struct msdos_options *op) 228 { 229 char buf[MAXPATHLEN]; 230 struct sigaction si_sa; 231 struct stat sb; 232 struct timeval tv; 233 struct bpb bpb; 234 struct tm *tm; 235 struct bs *bs; 236 struct bsbpb *bsbpb; 237 struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb; 238 struct bsx *bsx; 239 struct de *de; 240 u_int8_t *img; 241 const char *bname; 242 ssize_t n; 243 time_t now; 244 u_int fat, bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2; 245 int fd, fd1, rv; 246 struct msdos_options o = *op; 247 248 img = NULL; 249 rv = -1; 250 251 if (o.block_size && o.sectors_per_cluster) { 252 warnx("Cannot specify both block size and sectors per cluster"); 253 goto done; 254 } 255 if (o.OEM_string && strlen(o.OEM_string) > 8) { 256 warnx("%s: bad OEM string", o.OEM_string); 257 goto done; 258 } 259 if (o.create_size) { 260 if (o.no_create) { 261 warnx("create (-C) is incompatible with -N"); 262 goto done; 263 } 264 fd = open(fname, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644); 265 if (fd == -1) { 266 warnx("failed to create %s", fname); 267 goto done; 268 } 269 if (ftruncate(fd, o.create_size)) { 270 warnx("failed to initialize %jd bytes", (intmax_t)o.create_size); 271 goto done; 272 } 273 } else if ((fd = open(fname, o.no_create ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1) { 274 warn("%s", fname); 275 goto done; 276 } 277 if (fstat(fd, &sb)) { 278 warn("%s", fname); 279 goto done; 280 } 281 if (o.create_size) { 282 if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode)) 283 warnx("warning, %s is not a regular file", fname); 284 } else { 285 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) 286 warnx("warning, %s is not a character device", fname); 287 } 288 if (!o.no_create) 289 if (check_mounted(fname, sb.st_mode) == -1) 290 goto done; 291 if (o.offset && o.offset != lseek(fd, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 292 warnx("cannot seek to %jd", (intmax_t)o.offset); 293 goto done; 294 } 295 memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb)); 296 if (o.floppy) { 297 if (getstdfmt(o.floppy, &bpb) == -1) 298 goto done; 299 bpb.bpbHugeSectors = bpb.bpbSectors; 300 bpb.bpbSectors = 0; 301 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = bpb.bpbFATsecs; 302 bpb.bpbFATsecs = 0; 303 } 304 if (o.drive_heads) 305 bpb.bpbHeads = o.drive_heads; 306 if (o.sectors_per_track) 307 bpb.bpbSecPerTrack = o.sectors_per_track; 308 if (o.bytes_per_sector) 309 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec = o.bytes_per_sector; 310 if (o.size) 311 bpb.bpbHugeSectors = o.size; 312 if (o.hidden_sectors_set) 313 bpb.bpbHiddenSecs = o.hidden_sectors; 314 if (!(o.floppy || (o.drive_heads && o.sectors_per_track && 315 o.bytes_per_sector && o.size && o.hidden_sectors_set))) { 316 off_t delta; 317 getdiskinfo(fd, fname, dtype, o.hidden_sectors_set, &bpb); 318 bpb.bpbHugeSectors -= (o.offset / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 319 delta = bpb.bpbHugeSectors % bpb.bpbSecPerTrack; 320 if (delta != 0) { 321 warnx("trim %d sectors to adjust to a multiple of %d", 322 (int)delta, bpb.bpbSecPerTrack); 323 bpb.bpbHugeSectors -= delta; 324 } 325 if (bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 0) { /* set defaults */ 326 if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= 6000) /* about 3MB -> 512 bytes */ 327 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 1; 328 else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<17)) /* 64M -> 4k */ 329 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 8; 330 else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<19)) /* 256M -> 8k */ 331 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 16; 332 else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<21)) /* 1G -> 16k */ 333 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 32; 334 else 335 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 64; /* otherwise 32k */ 336 } 337 } 338 if (!powerof2(bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) { 339 warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is not a power of 2", bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 340 goto done; 341 } 342 if (bpb.bpbBytesPerSec < MINBPS) { 343 warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 344 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec, MINBPS); 345 goto done; 346 } 347 348 if (o.volume_label && !oklabel(o.volume_label)) { 349 warnx("%s: bad volume label", o.volume_label); 350 goto done; 351 } 352 if (!(fat = o.fat_type)) { 353 if (o.floppy) 354 fat = 12; 355 else if (!o.directory_entries && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector)) 356 fat = 32; 357 } 358 if ((fat == 32 && o.directory_entries) || (fat != 32 && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector))) { 359 warnx("-%c is not a legal FAT%s option", 360 fat == 32 ? 'e' : o.info_sector ? 'i' : 'k', 361 fat == 32 ? "32" : "12/16"); 362 goto done; 363 } 364 if (o.floppy && fat == 32) 365 bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = 0; 366 if (fat != 0 && fat != 12 && fat != 16 && fat != 32) { 367 warnx("%d: bad FAT type", fat); 368 goto done; 369 } 370 371 if (o.block_size) { 372 if (!powerof2(o.block_size)) { 373 warnx("block size (%u) is not a power of 2", o.block_size); 374 goto done; 375 } 376 if (o.block_size < bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) { 377 warnx("block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 378 o.block_size, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 379 goto done; 380 } 381 if (o.block_size > bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXSPC) { 382 warnx("block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 383 o.block_size, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXSPC); 384 goto done; 385 } 386 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = o.block_size / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec; 387 } 388 if (o.sectors_per_cluster) { 389 if (!powerof2(o.sectors_per_cluster)) { 390 warnx("sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2", 391 o.sectors_per_cluster); 392 goto done; 393 } 394 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = o.sectors_per_cluster; 395 } 396 if (o.reserved_sectors) 397 bpb.bpbResSectors = o.reserved_sectors; 398 if (o.num_FAT) { 399 if (o.num_FAT > MAXNFT) { 400 warnx("number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 401 o.num_FAT, MAXNFT); 402 goto done; 403 } 404 bpb.bpbFATs = o.num_FAT; 405 } 406 if (o.directory_entries) 407 bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = o.directory_entries; 408 if (o.media_descriptor_set) { 409 if (o.media_descriptor < 0xf0) { 410 warnx("illegal media descriptor (%#x)", o.media_descriptor); 411 goto done; 412 } 413 bpb.bpbMedia = o.media_descriptor; 414 } 415 if (o.sectors_per_fat) 416 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = o.sectors_per_fat; 417 if (o.info_sector) 418 bpb.bpbFSInfo = o.info_sector; 419 if (o.backup_sector) 420 bpb.bpbBackup = o.backup_sector; 421 bss = 1; 422 bname = NULL; 423 fd1 = -1; 424 if (o.bootstrap) { 425 bname = o.bootstrap; 426 if (!strchr(bname, '/')) { 427 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname); 428 if (!(bname = strdup(buf))) { 429 warn(NULL); 430 goto done; 431 } 432 } 433 if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb)) { 434 warn("%s", bname); 435 goto done; 436 } 437 if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bpbBytesPerSec || 438 sb.st_size < bpb.bpbBytesPerSec || 439 sb.st_size > bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXU16) { 440 warnx("%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname); 441 goto done; 442 } 443 bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec; 444 } 445 if (!bpb.bpbFATs) 446 bpb.bpbFATs = 2; 447 if (!fat) { 448 if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors < (bpb.bpbResSectors ? bpb.bpbResSectors : bss) + 449 howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) * 450 (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? 16 : 12) / BPN, 451 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB) * 452 bpb.bpbFATs + 453 howmany(bpb.bpbRootDirEnts ? bpb.bpbRootDirEnts : DEFRDE, 454 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)) + 455 (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) * 456 (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust : 457 howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec))) 458 fat = 12; 459 else if (bpb.bpbRootDirEnts || bpb.bpbHugeSectors < 460 (bpb.bpbResSectors ? bpb.bpbResSectors : bss) + 461 howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) * 462 bpb.bpbFATs + 463 howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)) + 464 (MAXCLS16 + 1) * 465 (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust : 466 howmany(8192, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec))) 467 fat = 16; 468 else 469 fat = 32; 470 } 471 x = bss; 472 if (fat == 32) { 473 if (!bpb.bpbFSInfo) { 474 if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bpbBackup) { 475 warnx("no room for info sector"); 476 goto done; 477 } 478 bpb.bpbFSInfo = x; 479 } 480 if (bpb.bpbFSInfo != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bpbFSInfo) 481 x = bpb.bpbFSInfo + 1; 482 if (!bpb.bpbBackup) { 483 if (x == MAXU16) { 484 warnx("no room for backup sector"); 485 goto done; 486 } 487 bpb.bpbBackup = x; 488 } else if (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && bpb.bpbBackup == bpb.bpbFSInfo) { 489 warnx("backup sector would overwrite info sector"); 490 goto done; 491 } 492 if (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bpbBackup) 493 x = bpb.bpbBackup + 1; 494 } 495 if (!bpb.bpbResSectors) 496 bpb.bpbResSectors = fat == 32 ? 497 MAX(x, MAX(16384 / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec, 4)) : x; 498 else if (bpb.bpbResSectors < x) { 499 warnx("too few reserved sectors (need %d have %d)", x, 500 bpb.bpbResSectors); 501 goto done; 502 } 503 if (fat != 32 && !bpb.bpbRootDirEnts) 504 bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = DEFRDE; 505 rds = howmany(bpb.bpbRootDirEnts, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)); 506 if (!bpb.bpbSecPerClust) 507 for (bpb.bpbSecPerClust = howmany(fat == 16 ? DEFBLK16 : 508 DEFBLK, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 509 bpb.bpbSecPerClust < MAXSPC && 510 bpb.bpbResSectors + 511 howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(fat)) * (fat / BPN), 512 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB) * 513 bpb.bpbFATs + 514 rds + 515 (u_int64_t) (maxcls(fat) + 1) * 516 bpb.bpbSecPerClust <= bpb.bpbHugeSectors; 517 bpb.bpbSecPerClust <<= 1) 518 continue; 519 if (fat != 32 && bpb.bpbBigFATsecs > MAXU16) { 520 warnx("too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16"); 521 goto done; 522 } 523 x1 = bpb.bpbResSectors + rds; 524 x = bpb.bpbBigFATsecs ? bpb.bpbBigFATsecs : 1; 525 if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.bpbFATs > bpb.bpbHugeSectors) { 526 warnx("meta data exceeds file system size"); 527 goto done; 528 } 529 x1 += x * bpb.bpbFATs; 530 x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bpbHugeSectors - x1) * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB / 531 (bpb.bpbSecPerClust * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB + fat / 532 BPN * bpb.bpbFATs); 533 x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MIN(x, maxcls(fat))) * (fat / BPN), 534 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB); 535 if (!bpb.bpbBigFATsecs) { 536 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = x2; 537 x1 += (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs - 1) * bpb.bpbFATs; 538 } 539 cls = (bpb.bpbHugeSectors - x1) / bpb.bpbSecPerClust; 540 x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bpbBigFATsecs * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB / (fat / BPN) - 541 RESFTE; 542 if (cls > x) 543 cls = x; 544 if (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs < x2) 545 warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters", 546 cls); 547 if (cls < mincls(fat)) { 548 warnx("%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, fat, 549 mincls(fat)); 550 goto done; 551 } 552 if (cls > maxcls(fat)) { 553 cls = maxcls(fat); 554 bpb.bpbHugeSectors = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.bpbSecPerClust - 1; 555 warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors", 556 bpb.bpbHugeSectors); 557 } 558 printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s " 559 "(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.bpbSecPerClust, 560 cls * bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, fat, 561 cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * bpb.bpbSecPerClust); 562 if (!bpb.bpbMedia) 563 bpb.bpbMedia = !bpb.bpbHiddenSecs ? 0xf0 : 0xf8; 564 if (fat == 32) 565 bpb.bpbRootClust = RESFTE; 566 if (bpb.bpbHiddenSecs + bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= MAXU16) { 567 bpb.bpbSectors = bpb.bpbHugeSectors; 568 bpb.bpbHugeSectors = 0; 569 } 570 if (fat != 32) { 571 bpb.bpbFATsecs = bpb.bpbBigFATsecs; 572 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = 0; 573 } 574 print_bpb(&bpb); 575 if (!o.no_create) { 576 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL); 577 now = tv.tv_sec; 578 tm = localtime(&now); 579 if (!(img = malloc(bpb.bpbBytesPerSec))) { 580 warn(NULL); 581 goto done; 582 } 583 dir = bpb.bpbResSectors + (bpb.bpbFATsecs ? bpb.bpbFATsecs : 584 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs) * bpb.bpbFATs; 585 memset(&si_sa, 0, sizeof(si_sa)); 586 si_sa.sa_handler = infohandler; 587 if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, NULL) == -1) { 588 warn("sigaction SIGINFO"); 589 goto done; 590 } 591 for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust : rds); lsn++) { 592 if (got_siginfo) { 593 fprintf(stderr,"%s: writing sector %u of %u (%u%%)\n", 594 fname, lsn, 595 (dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust: rds)), 596 (lsn * 100) / (dir + 597 (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust: rds))); 598 got_siginfo = 0; 599 } 600 x = lsn; 601 if (o.bootstrap && 602 fat == 32 && bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && 603 bss <= bpb.bpbBackup && x >= bpb.bpbBackup) { 604 x -= bpb.bpbBackup; 605 if (!x && lseek(fd1, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 606 warn("%s", bname); 607 goto done; 608 } 609 } 610 if (o.bootstrap && x < bss) { 611 if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) == -1) { 612 warn("%s", bname); 613 goto done; 614 } 615 if ((unsigned)n != bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) { 616 warnx("%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x); 617 goto done; 618 } 619 } else 620 memset(img, 0, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 621 if (!lsn || 622 (fat == 32 && bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && 623 lsn == bpb.bpbBackup)) { 624 x1 = sizeof(struct bs); 625 bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1); 626 mk2(bsbpb->bpbBytesPerSec, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 627 mk1(bsbpb->bpbSecPerClust, bpb.bpbSecPerClust); 628 mk2(bsbpb->bpbResSectors, bpb.bpbResSectors); 629 mk1(bsbpb->bpbFATs, bpb.bpbFATs); 630 mk2(bsbpb->bpbRootDirEnts, bpb.bpbRootDirEnts); 631 mk2(bsbpb->bpbSectors, bpb.bpbSectors); 632 mk1(bsbpb->bpbMedia, bpb.bpbMedia); 633 mk2(bsbpb->bpbFATsecs, bpb.bpbFATsecs); 634 mk2(bsbpb->bpbSecPerTrack, bpb.bpbSecPerTrack); 635 mk2(bsbpb->bpbHeads, bpb.bpbHeads); 636 mk4(bsbpb->bpbHiddenSecs, bpb.bpbHiddenSecs); 637 mk4(bsbpb->bpbHugeSectors, bpb.bpbHugeSectors); 638 x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb); 639 if (fat == 32) { 640 bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1); 641 mk4(bsxbpb->bpbBigFATsecs, bpb.bpbBigFATsecs); 642 mk2(bsxbpb->bpbExtFlags, 0); 643 mk2(bsxbpb->bpbFSVers, 0); 644 mk4(bsxbpb->bpbRootClust, bpb.bpbRootClust); 645 mk2(bsxbpb->bpbFSInfo, bpb.bpbFSInfo); 646 mk2(bsxbpb->bpbBackup, bpb.bpbBackup); 647 x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb); 648 } 649 bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1); 650 mk1(bsx->exBootSignature, 0x29); 651 if (o.volume_id_set) 652 x = o.volume_id; 653 else 654 x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 | 655 (u_int)tm->tm_mday) + 656 ((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 | 657 (u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 | 658 ((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) + 659 ((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 | 660 (u_int)tm->tm_min)); 661 mk4(bsx->exVolumeID, x); 662 mklabel(bsx->exVolumeLabel, o.volume_label ? o.volume_label : "NO NAME"); 663 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "FAT%u", fat); 664 setstr(bsx->exFileSysType, buf, sizeof(bsx->exFileSysType)); 665 if (!o.bootstrap) { 666 x1 += sizeof(struct bsx); 667 bs = (struct bs *)img; 668 mk1(bs->bsJump[0], 0xeb); 669 mk1(bs->bsJump[1], x1 - 2); 670 mk1(bs->bsJump[2], 0x90); 671 setstr(bs->bsOemName, o.OEM_string ? o.OEM_string : "BSD4.4 ", 672 sizeof(bs->bsOemName)); 673 memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode)); 674 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 675 } 676 } else if (fat == 32 && bpb.bpbFSInfo != MAXU16 && 677 (lsn == bpb.bpbFSInfo || 678 (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && 679 lsn == bpb.bpbBackup + bpb.bpbFSInfo))) { 680 mk4(img, 0x41615252); 681 mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272); 682 mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff); 683 mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, bpb.bpbRootClust); 684 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 685 } else if (lsn >= bpb.bpbResSectors && lsn < dir && 686 !((lsn - bpb.bpbResSectors) % 687 (bpb.bpbFATsecs ? bpb.bpbFATsecs : 688 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs))) { 689 mk1(img[0], bpb.bpbMedia); 690 for (x = 1; x < fat * (fat == 32 ? 3 : 2) / 8; x++) 691 mk1(img[x], fat == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff); 692 } else if (lsn == dir && o.volume_label) { 693 de = (struct de *)img; 694 mklabel(de->deName, o.volume_label); 695 mk1(de->deAttributes, 050); 696 x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 | 697 (u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 | 698 (u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1; 699 mk2(de->deMTime, x); 700 x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 | 701 (u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 | 702 (u_int)tm->tm_mday; 703 mk2(de->deMDate, x); 704 } 705 if ((n = write(fd, img, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) == -1) { 706 warn("%s", fname); 707 goto done; 708 } 709 if ((unsigned)n != bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) { 710 warnx("%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn); 711 goto done; 712 } 713 } 714 } 715 rv = 0; 716 done: 717 free(img); 718 719 return rv; 720 } 721 722 /* 723 * return -1 with error if file system is mounted. 724 */ 725 static int 726 check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode) 727 { 728 struct statfs *mp; 729 const char *s1, *s2; 730 size_t len; 731 int n, r; 732 733 if (!(n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT))) { 734 warn("getmntinfo"); 735 return -1; 736 } 737 len = strlen(_PATH_DEV); 738 s1 = fname; 739 if (!strncmp(s1, _PATH_DEV, len)) 740 s1 += len; 741 r = S_ISCHR(mode) && s1 != fname && *s1 == 'r'; 742 for (; n--; mp++) { 743 s2 = mp->f_mntfromname; 744 if (!strncmp(s2, _PATH_DEV, len)) 745 s2 += len; 746 if ((r && s2 != mp->f_mntfromname && !strcmp(s1 + 1, s2)) || 747 !strcmp(s1, s2)) { 748 warnx("%s is mounted on %s", fname, mp->f_mntonname); 749 return -1; 750 } 751 } 752 return 0; 753 } 754 755 /* 756 * Get a standard format. 757 */ 758 static int 759 getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb) 760 { 761 u_int x, i; 762 763 x = sizeof(stdfmt) / sizeof(stdfmt[0]); 764 for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++); 765 if (i == x) { 766 warnx("%s: unknown standard format", fmt); 767 return -1; 768 } 769 *bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb; 770 return 0; 771 } 772 773 /* 774 * Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information. 775 */ 776 static int 777 getdiskinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, __unused int oflag, 778 struct bpb *bpb) 779 { 780 struct disklabel *lp, dlp; 781 struct fd_type type; 782 off_t ms, hs = 0; 783 784 lp = NULL; 785 786 /* If the user specified a disk type, try to use that */ 787 if (dtype != NULL) { 788 lp = getdiskbyname(dtype); 789 } 790 791 /* Maybe it's a floppy drive */ 792 if (lp == NULL) { 793 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &ms) == -1) { 794 struct stat st; 795 796 if (fstat(fd, &st)) 797 err(1, "cannot get disk size"); 798 /* create a fake geometry for a file image */ 799 ms = st.st_size; 800 dlp.d_secsize = 512; 801 dlp.d_nsectors = 63; 802 dlp.d_ntracks = 255; 803 dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize; 804 lp = &dlp; 805 } else if (ioctl(fd, FD_GTYPE, &type) != -1) { 806 dlp.d_secsize = 128 << type.secsize; 807 dlp.d_nsectors = type.sectrac; 808 dlp.d_ntracks = type.heads; 809 dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize; 810 lp = &dlp; 811 } 812 } 813 814 /* Maybe it's a fixed drive */ 815 if (lp == NULL) { 816 if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec) 817 dlp.d_secsize = bpb->bpbBytesPerSec; 818 if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, 819 &dlp.d_secsize) == -1) 820 err(1, "cannot get sector size"); 821 822 dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize; 823 824 if (bpb->bpbSecPerTrack == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, 825 &dlp.d_nsectors) == -1) { 826 warn("cannot get number of sectors per track"); 827 dlp.d_nsectors = 63; 828 } 829 if (bpb->bpbHeads == 0 && 830 ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &dlp.d_ntracks) == -1) { 831 warn("cannot get number of heads"); 832 if (dlp.d_secperunit <= 63*1*1024) 833 dlp.d_ntracks = 1; 834 else if (dlp.d_secperunit <= 63*16*1024) 835 dlp.d_ntracks = 16; 836 else 837 dlp.d_ntracks = 255; 838 } 839 840 hs = (ms / dlp.d_secsize) - dlp.d_secperunit; 841 lp = &dlp; 842 } 843 844 if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec == 0) { 845 if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_secsize, "bytes/sector") == -1) 846 return -1; 847 bpb->bpbBytesPerSec = lp->d_secsize; 848 } 849 if (bpb->bpbSecPerTrack == 0) { 850 if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_nsectors, "sectors/track") == -1) 851 return -1; 852 bpb->bpbSecPerTrack = lp->d_nsectors; 853 } 854 if (bpb->bpbHeads == 0) { 855 if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_ntracks, "drive heads") == -1) 856 return -1; 857 bpb->bpbHeads = lp->d_ntracks; 858 } 859 if (bpb->bpbHugeSectors == 0) 860 bpb->bpbHugeSectors = lp->d_secperunit; 861 if (bpb->bpbHiddenSecs == 0) 862 bpb->bpbHiddenSecs = hs; 863 return 0; 864 } 865 866 /* 867 * Print out BPB values. 868 */ 869 static void 870 print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb) 871 { 872 printf("BytesPerSec=%u SecPerClust=%u ResSectors=%u FATs=%u", 873 bpb->bpbBytesPerSec, bpb->bpbSecPerClust, bpb->bpbResSectors, 874 bpb->bpbFATs); 875 if (bpb->bpbRootDirEnts) 876 printf(" RootDirEnts=%u", bpb->bpbRootDirEnts); 877 if (bpb->bpbSectors) 878 printf(" Sectors=%u", bpb->bpbSectors); 879 printf(" Media=%#x", bpb->bpbMedia); 880 if (bpb->bpbFATsecs) 881 printf(" FATsecs=%u", bpb->bpbFATsecs); 882 printf(" SecPerTrack=%u Heads=%u HiddenSecs=%u", bpb->bpbSecPerTrack, 883 bpb->bpbHeads, bpb->bpbHiddenSecs); 884 if (bpb->bpbHugeSectors) 885 printf(" HugeSectors=%u", bpb->bpbHugeSectors); 886 if (!bpb->bpbFATsecs) { 887 printf(" FATsecs=%u RootCluster=%u", bpb->bpbBigFATsecs, 888 bpb->bpbRootClust); 889 printf(" FSInfo="); 890 printf(bpb->bpbFSInfo == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bpbFSInfo); 891 printf(" Backup="); 892 printf(bpb->bpbBackup == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bpbBackup); 893 } 894 printf("\n"); 895 } 896 897 /* 898 * Check a disk geometry value. 899 */ 900 static int 901 ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg) 902 { 903 if (!val) { 904 warnx("%s: no default %s", fname, msg); 905 return -1; 906 } 907 if (val > MAXU16) { 908 warnx("%s: illegal %s %d", fname, msg, val); 909 return -1; 910 } 911 return 0; 912 } 913 914 /* 915 * Check a volume label. 916 */ 917 static int 918 oklabel(const char *src) 919 { 920 int c, i; 921 922 for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) { 923 c = (u_char)*src++; 924 if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c)) 925 break; 926 } 927 return i && !c; 928 } 929 930 /* 931 * Make a volume label. 932 */ 933 static void 934 mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src) 935 { 936 int c, i; 937 938 for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) { 939 c = *src ? toupper(*src++) : ' '; 940 *dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c; 941 } 942 } 943 944 /* 945 * Copy string, padding with spaces. 946 */ 947 static void 948 setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len) 949 { 950 while (len--) 951 *dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' '; 952 } 953 954 static void 955 infohandler(int sig __unused) 956 { 957 958 got_siginfo = 1; 959 } 960