1 /* 2 * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier 3 * All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in 12 * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the 13 * distribution. 14 * 15 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS 16 * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 17 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 18 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY 19 * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 20 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE 21 * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 22 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER 23 * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR 24 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN 25 * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 26 */ 27 28 #ifndef lint 29 static const char rcsid[] = 30 "$FreeBSD$"; 31 #endif /* not lint */ 32 33 #include <sys/param.h> 34 #ifdef MAKEFS 35 /* In the makefs case we only want struct disklabel */ 36 #include <sys/disk/bsd.h> 37 #else 38 #include <sys/fdcio.h> 39 #include <sys/disk.h> 40 #include <sys/disklabel.h> 41 #include <sys/mount.h> 42 #endif 43 #include <sys/stat.h> 44 #include <sys/time.h> 45 46 #include <ctype.h> 47 #include <err.h> 48 #include <errno.h> 49 #include <fcntl.h> 50 #include <inttypes.h> 51 #include <paths.h> 52 #include <signal.h> 53 #include <stdio.h> 54 #include <stdlib.h> 55 #include <string.h> 56 #include <time.h> 57 #include <unistd.h> 58 59 #include "mkfs_msdos.h" 60 61 #define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */ 62 #define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */ 63 #define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */ 64 65 #define DOSMAGIC 0xaa55 /* DOS magic number */ 66 #define MINBPS 512 /* minimum bytes per sector */ 67 #define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */ 68 #define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */ 69 #define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */ 70 #define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */ 71 #define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */ 72 #define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */ 73 #define MINCLS12 1U /* minimum FAT12 clusters */ 74 #define MINCLS16 0xff5U /* minimum FAT16 clusters */ 75 #define MINCLS32 0xfff5U /* minimum FAT32 clusters */ 76 #define MAXCLS12 0xff4U /* maximum FAT12 clusters */ 77 #define MAXCLS16 0xfff4U /* maximum FAT16 clusters */ 78 #define MAXCLS32 0xffffff4U /* maximum FAT32 clusters */ 79 80 #define mincls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \ 81 (fat) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \ 82 MINCLS32) 83 84 #define maxcls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \ 85 (fat) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \ 86 MAXCLS32) 87 88 #define mk1(p, x) \ 89 (p) = (u_int8_t)(x) 90 91 #define mk2(p, x) \ 92 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 93 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010) 94 95 #define mk4(p, x) \ 96 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \ 97 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010), \ 98 (p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020), \ 99 (p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030) 100 101 struct bs { 102 u_int8_t bsJump[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */ 103 u_int8_t bsOemName[8]; /* OEM name and version */ 104 } __packed; 105 106 struct bsbpb { 107 u_int8_t bpbBytesPerSec[2]; /* bytes per sector */ 108 u_int8_t bpbSecPerClust; /* sectors per cluster */ 109 u_int8_t bpbResSectors[2]; /* reserved sectors */ 110 u_int8_t bpbFATs; /* number of FATs */ 111 u_int8_t bpbRootDirEnts[2]; /* root directory entries */ 112 u_int8_t bpbSectors[2]; /* total sectors */ 113 u_int8_t bpbMedia; /* media descriptor */ 114 u_int8_t bpbFATsecs[2]; /* sectors per FAT */ 115 u_int8_t bpbSecPerTrack[2]; /* sectors per track */ 116 u_int8_t bpbHeads[2]; /* drive heads */ 117 u_int8_t bpbHiddenSecs[4]; /* hidden sectors */ 118 u_int8_t bpbHugeSectors[4]; /* big total sectors */ 119 } __packed; 120 121 struct bsxbpb { 122 u_int8_t bpbBigFATsecs[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */ 123 u_int8_t bpbExtFlags[2]; /* FAT control flags */ 124 u_int8_t bpbFSVers[2]; /* file system version */ 125 u_int8_t bpbRootClust[4]; /* root directory start cluster */ 126 u_int8_t bpbFSInfo[2]; /* file system info sector */ 127 u_int8_t bpbBackup[2]; /* backup boot sector */ 128 u_int8_t bpbReserved[12]; /* reserved */ 129 } __packed; 130 131 struct bsx { 132 u_int8_t exDriveNumber; /* drive number */ 133 u_int8_t exReserved1; /* reserved */ 134 u_int8_t exBootSignature; /* extended boot signature */ 135 u_int8_t exVolumeID[4]; /* volume ID number */ 136 u_int8_t exVolumeLabel[11]; /* volume label */ 137 u_int8_t exFileSysType[8]; /* file system type */ 138 } __packed; 139 140 struct de { 141 u_int8_t deName[11]; /* name and extension */ 142 u_int8_t deAttributes; /* attributes */ 143 u_int8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */ 144 u_int8_t deMTime[2]; /* last-modified time */ 145 u_int8_t deMDate[2]; /* last-modified date */ 146 u_int8_t deStartCluster[2]; /* starting cluster */ 147 u_int8_t deFileSize[4]; /* size */ 148 } __packed; 149 150 struct bpb { 151 u_int bpbBytesPerSec; /* bytes per sector */ 152 u_int bpbSecPerClust; /* sectors per cluster */ 153 u_int bpbResSectors; /* reserved sectors */ 154 u_int bpbFATs; /* number of FATs */ 155 u_int bpbRootDirEnts; /* root directory entries */ 156 u_int bpbSectors; /* total sectors */ 157 u_int bpbMedia; /* media descriptor */ 158 u_int bpbFATsecs; /* sectors per FAT */ 159 u_int bpbSecPerTrack; /* sectors per track */ 160 u_int bpbHeads; /* drive heads */ 161 u_int bpbHiddenSecs; /* hidden sectors */ 162 u_int bpbHugeSectors; /* big total sectors */ 163 u_int bpbBigFATsecs; /* big sectors per FAT */ 164 u_int bpbRootClust; /* root directory start cluster */ 165 u_int bpbFSInfo; /* file system info sector */ 166 u_int bpbBackup; /* backup boot sector */ 167 }; 168 169 #define BPBGAP 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 170 171 static struct { 172 const char *name; 173 struct bpb bpb; 174 } const stdfmt[] = { 175 {"160", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1, BPBGAP}}, 176 {"180", {512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1, BPBGAP}}, 177 {"320", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2, BPBGAP}}, 178 {"360", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2, BPBGAP}}, 179 {"640", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2, 8, 2, BPBGAP}}, 180 {"720", {512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2, BPBGAP}}, 181 {"1200", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2, BPBGAP}}, 182 {"1232", {1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2, 8, 2, BPBGAP}}, 183 {"1440", {512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2, BPBGAP}}, 184 {"2880", {512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2, BPBGAP}} 185 }; 186 187 static const u_int8_t bootcode[] = { 188 0xfa, /* cli */ 189 0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */ 190 0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */ 191 0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */ 192 0xfb, /* sti */ 193 0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */ 194 0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */ 195 0x5e, /* pop si */ 196 0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */ 197 0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */ 198 0xfc, /* cld */ 199 0xac, /* lodsb */ 200 0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */ 201 0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */ 202 0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */ 203 0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */ 204 0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */ 205 0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */ 206 0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */ 207 0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */ 208 0x0d, 0x0a, 209 'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't', 210 'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k', 211 0x0d, 0x0a, 212 'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n', 213 'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o', 214 ' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't', 215 0x0d, 0x0a, 216 0 217 }; 218 219 static volatile sig_atomic_t got_siginfo; 220 static void infohandler(int); 221 222 static int check_mounted(const char *, mode_t); 223 static int getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *); 224 static int getdiskinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int, struct bpb *); 225 static void print_bpb(struct bpb *); 226 static int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *); 227 static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *); 228 static int oklabel(const char *); 229 static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t); 230 231 int 232 mkfs_msdos(const char *fname, const char *dtype, const struct msdos_options *op) 233 { 234 char buf[MAXPATHLEN]; 235 struct sigaction si_sa; 236 struct stat sb; 237 struct timeval tv; 238 struct bpb bpb; 239 struct tm *tm; 240 struct bs *bs; 241 struct bsbpb *bsbpb; 242 struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb; 243 struct bsx *bsx; 244 struct de *de; 245 u_int8_t *img; 246 const char *bname; 247 ssize_t n; 248 time_t now; 249 u_int fat, bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2; 250 u_int extra_res, alignment, saved_x, attempts=0; 251 bool set_res, set_spf, set_spc; 252 int fd, fd1, rv; 253 struct msdos_options o = *op; 254 255 img = NULL; 256 rv = -1; 257 fd = fd1 = -1; 258 259 if (o.block_size && o.sectors_per_cluster) { 260 warnx("Cannot specify both block size and sectors per cluster"); 261 goto done; 262 } 263 if (o.OEM_string && strlen(o.OEM_string) > 8) { 264 warnx("%s: bad OEM string", o.OEM_string); 265 goto done; 266 } 267 if (o.create_size) { 268 if (o.no_create) { 269 warnx("create (-C) is incompatible with -N"); 270 goto done; 271 } 272 fd = open(fname, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644); 273 if (fd == -1) { 274 warnx("failed to create %s", fname); 275 goto done; 276 } 277 if (ftruncate(fd, o.create_size)) { 278 warnx("failed to initialize %jd bytes", (intmax_t)o.create_size); 279 goto done; 280 } 281 } else if ((fd = open(fname, o.no_create ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1) { 282 warn("%s", fname); 283 goto done; 284 } 285 if (fstat(fd, &sb)) { 286 warn("%s", fname); 287 goto done; 288 } 289 if (o.create_size) { 290 if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode)) 291 warnx("warning, %s is not a regular file", fname); 292 } else { 293 #ifdef MAKEFS 294 errx(1, "o.create_size must be set!"); 295 #else 296 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode)) 297 warnx("warning, %s is not a character device", fname); 298 #endif 299 } 300 #ifndef MAKEFS 301 if (!o.no_create) 302 if (check_mounted(fname, sb.st_mode) == -1) 303 goto done; 304 #endif 305 if (o.offset && o.offset != lseek(fd, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 306 warnx("cannot seek to %jd", (intmax_t)o.offset); 307 goto done; 308 } 309 memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb)); 310 if (o.floppy) { 311 if (getstdfmt(o.floppy, &bpb) == -1) 312 goto done; 313 bpb.bpbHugeSectors = bpb.bpbSectors; 314 bpb.bpbSectors = 0; 315 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = bpb.bpbFATsecs; 316 bpb.bpbFATsecs = 0; 317 } 318 if (o.drive_heads) 319 bpb.bpbHeads = o.drive_heads; 320 if (o.sectors_per_track) 321 bpb.bpbSecPerTrack = o.sectors_per_track; 322 if (o.bytes_per_sector) 323 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec = o.bytes_per_sector; 324 if (o.size) 325 bpb.bpbHugeSectors = o.size; 326 if (o.hidden_sectors_set) 327 bpb.bpbHiddenSecs = o.hidden_sectors; 328 if (!(o.floppy || (o.drive_heads && o.sectors_per_track && 329 o.bytes_per_sector && o.size && o.hidden_sectors_set))) { 330 if (getdiskinfo(fd, fname, dtype, o.hidden_sectors_set, &bpb) == -1) 331 goto done; 332 bpb.bpbHugeSectors -= (o.offset / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 333 if (bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 0) { /* set defaults */ 334 if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= 6000) /* about 3MB -> 512 bytes */ 335 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 1; 336 else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<17)) /* 64M -> 4k */ 337 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 8; 338 else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<19)) /* 256M -> 8k */ 339 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 16; 340 else if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= (1<<21)) /* 1G -> 16k */ 341 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 32; 342 else 343 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = 64; /* otherwise 32k */ 344 } 345 } 346 if (!powerof2(bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) { 347 warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is not a power of 2", bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 348 goto done; 349 } 350 if (bpb.bpbBytesPerSec < MINBPS) { 351 warnx("bytes/sector (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 352 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec, MINBPS); 353 goto done; 354 } 355 356 if (o.volume_label && !oklabel(o.volume_label)) { 357 warnx("%s: bad volume label", o.volume_label); 358 goto done; 359 } 360 if (!(fat = o.fat_type)) { 361 if (o.floppy) 362 fat = 12; 363 else if (!o.directory_entries && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector)) 364 fat = 32; 365 } 366 if ((fat == 32 && o.directory_entries) || (fat != 32 && (o.info_sector || o.backup_sector))) { 367 warnx("-%c is not a legal FAT%s option", 368 fat == 32 ? 'e' : o.info_sector ? 'i' : 'k', 369 fat == 32 ? "32" : "12/16"); 370 goto done; 371 } 372 if (o.floppy && fat == 32) 373 bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = 0; 374 if (fat != 0 && fat != 12 && fat != 16 && fat != 32) { 375 warnx("%d: bad FAT type", fat); 376 goto done; 377 } 378 379 if (o.block_size) { 380 if (!powerof2(o.block_size)) { 381 warnx("block size (%u) is not a power of 2", o.block_size); 382 goto done; 383 } 384 if (o.block_size < bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) { 385 warnx("block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u", 386 o.block_size, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 387 goto done; 388 } 389 if (o.block_size > bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXSPC) { 390 warnx("block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 391 o.block_size, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXSPC); 392 goto done; 393 } 394 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = o.block_size / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec; 395 } 396 if (o.sectors_per_cluster) { 397 if (!powerof2(o.sectors_per_cluster)) { 398 warnx("sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2", 399 o.sectors_per_cluster); 400 goto done; 401 } 402 bpb.bpbSecPerClust = o.sectors_per_cluster; 403 } 404 if (o.reserved_sectors) 405 bpb.bpbResSectors = o.reserved_sectors; 406 if (o.num_FAT) { 407 if (o.num_FAT > MAXNFT) { 408 warnx("number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u", 409 o.num_FAT, MAXNFT); 410 goto done; 411 } 412 bpb.bpbFATs = o.num_FAT; 413 } 414 if (o.directory_entries) 415 bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = o.directory_entries; 416 if (o.media_descriptor_set) { 417 if (o.media_descriptor < 0xf0) { 418 warnx("illegal media descriptor (%#x)", o.media_descriptor); 419 goto done; 420 } 421 bpb.bpbMedia = o.media_descriptor; 422 } 423 if (o.sectors_per_fat) 424 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = o.sectors_per_fat; 425 if (o.info_sector) 426 bpb.bpbFSInfo = o.info_sector; 427 if (o.backup_sector) 428 bpb.bpbBackup = o.backup_sector; 429 bss = 1; 430 bname = NULL; 431 fd1 = -1; 432 if (o.bootstrap) { 433 bname = o.bootstrap; 434 if (!strchr(bname, '/')) { 435 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname); 436 bname = buf; 437 } 438 if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb)) { 439 warn("%s", bname); 440 goto done; 441 } 442 if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bpbBytesPerSec || 443 sb.st_size < bpb.bpbBytesPerSec || 444 sb.st_size > bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * MAXU16) { 445 warnx("%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname); 446 goto done; 447 } 448 bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec; 449 } 450 if (!bpb.bpbFATs) 451 bpb.bpbFATs = 2; 452 if (!fat) { 453 if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors < (bpb.bpbResSectors ? bpb.bpbResSectors : bss) + 454 howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) * 455 (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? 16 : 12) / BPN, 456 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB) * 457 bpb.bpbFATs + 458 howmany(bpb.bpbRootDirEnts ? bpb.bpbRootDirEnts : DEFRDE, 459 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)) + 460 (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) * 461 (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust : 462 howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec))) 463 fat = 12; 464 else if (bpb.bpbRootDirEnts || bpb.bpbHugeSectors < 465 (bpb.bpbResSectors ? bpb.bpbResSectors : bss) + 466 howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) * 467 bpb.bpbFATs + 468 howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)) + 469 (MAXCLS16 + 1) * 470 (bpb.bpbSecPerClust ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust : 471 howmany(8192, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec))) 472 fat = 16; 473 else 474 fat = 32; 475 } 476 x = bss; 477 if (fat == 32) { 478 if (!bpb.bpbFSInfo) { 479 if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bpbBackup) { 480 warnx("no room for info sector"); 481 goto done; 482 } 483 bpb.bpbFSInfo = x; 484 } 485 if (bpb.bpbFSInfo != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bpbFSInfo) 486 x = bpb.bpbFSInfo + 1; 487 if (!bpb.bpbBackup) { 488 if (x == MAXU16) { 489 warnx("no room for backup sector"); 490 goto done; 491 } 492 bpb.bpbBackup = x; 493 } else if (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && bpb.bpbBackup == bpb.bpbFSInfo) { 494 warnx("backup sector would overwrite info sector"); 495 goto done; 496 } 497 if (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bpbBackup) 498 x = bpb.bpbBackup + 1; 499 } 500 501 extra_res = 0; 502 alignment = 0; 503 set_res = (bpb.bpbResSectors == 0); 504 set_spf = (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs == 0); 505 set_spc = (bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 0); 506 saved_x = x; 507 508 /* 509 * Attempt to align the root directory to cluster if o.align is set. 510 * This is done by padding with reserved blocks. Note that this can 511 * cause other factors to change, which can in turn change the alignment. 512 * This should take at most 2 iterations, as increasing the reserved 513 * amount may cause the FAT size to decrease by 1, requiring another 514 * bpbFATs reserved blocks. If bpbSecPerClust changes, it will 515 * be half of its previous size, and thus will not throw off alignment. 516 */ 517 do { 518 x = saved_x; 519 if (set_res) 520 bpb.bpbResSectors = ((fat == 32) ? 521 MAX(x, MAX(16384 / bpb.bpbBytesPerSec, 4)) : x) + extra_res; 522 else if (bpb.bpbResSectors < x) { 523 warnx("too few reserved sectors (need %d have %d)", x, 524 bpb.bpbResSectors); 525 goto done; 526 } 527 if (fat != 32 && !bpb.bpbRootDirEnts) 528 bpb.bpbRootDirEnts = DEFRDE; 529 rds = howmany(bpb.bpbRootDirEnts, 530 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec / sizeof(struct de)); 531 if (set_spc) { 532 for (bpb.bpbSecPerClust = howmany(fat == 16 ? DEFBLK16 : 533 DEFBLK, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 534 bpb.bpbSecPerClust < MAXSPC && (bpb.bpbResSectors + 535 howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(fat)) * (fat / BPN), 536 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB) * bpb.bpbFATs + 537 rds + 538 (u_int64_t) (maxcls(fat) + 1) * bpb.bpbSecPerClust) <= 539 bpb.bpbHugeSectors; 540 bpb.bpbSecPerClust <<= 1) 541 continue; 542 543 } 544 if (fat != 32 && bpb.bpbBigFATsecs > MAXU16) { 545 warnx("too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16"); 546 goto done; 547 } 548 x1 = bpb.bpbResSectors + rds; 549 x = bpb.bpbBigFATsecs ? bpb.bpbBigFATsecs : 1; 550 if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.bpbFATs > bpb.bpbHugeSectors) { 551 warnx("meta data exceeds file system size"); 552 goto done; 553 } 554 x1 += x * bpb.bpbFATs; 555 x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bpbHugeSectors - x1) * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB / 556 (bpb.bpbSecPerClust * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB + 557 fat / BPN * bpb.bpbFATs); 558 x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MIN(x, maxcls(fat))) * (fat / BPN), 559 bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB); 560 if (set_spf) { 561 if (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs == 0) 562 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = x2; 563 x1 += (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs - 1) * bpb.bpbFATs; 564 } 565 if (set_res) { 566 /* attempt to align root directory */ 567 alignment = (bpb.bpbResSectors + bpb.bpbBigFATsecs * bpb.bpbFATs) % 568 bpb.bpbSecPerClust; 569 if (o.align) 570 extra_res += bpb.bpbSecPerClust - alignment; 571 } 572 attempts++; 573 } while (o.align && alignment != 0 && attempts < 2); 574 if (o.align && alignment != 0) 575 warnx("warning: Alignment failed."); 576 577 cls = (bpb.bpbHugeSectors - x1) / bpb.bpbSecPerClust; 578 x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bpbBigFATsecs * bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * NPB / (fat / BPN) - 579 RESFTE; 580 if (cls > x) 581 cls = x; 582 if (bpb.bpbBigFATsecs < x2) 583 warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters", 584 cls); 585 if (cls < mincls(fat)) { 586 warnx("%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, fat, 587 mincls(fat)); 588 goto done; 589 } 590 if (cls > maxcls(fat)) { 591 cls = maxcls(fat); 592 bpb.bpbHugeSectors = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.bpbSecPerClust - 1; 593 warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors", 594 bpb.bpbHugeSectors); 595 } 596 printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s " 597 "(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.bpbSecPerClust, 598 cls * bpb.bpbSecPerClust == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, fat, 599 cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bpbBytesPerSec * bpb.bpbSecPerClust); 600 if (!bpb.bpbMedia) 601 bpb.bpbMedia = !bpb.bpbHiddenSecs ? 0xf0 : 0xf8; 602 if (fat == 32) 603 bpb.bpbRootClust = RESFTE; 604 if (bpb.bpbHugeSectors <= MAXU16) { 605 bpb.bpbSectors = bpb.bpbHugeSectors; 606 bpb.bpbHugeSectors = 0; 607 } 608 if (fat != 32) { 609 bpb.bpbFATsecs = bpb.bpbBigFATsecs; 610 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs = 0; 611 } 612 print_bpb(&bpb); 613 if (!o.no_create) { 614 if (o.timestamp_set) { 615 tv.tv_sec = now = o.timestamp; 616 tv.tv_usec = 0; 617 tm = gmtime(&now); 618 } else { 619 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL); 620 now = tv.tv_sec; 621 tm = localtime(&now); 622 } 623 624 625 if (!(img = malloc(bpb.bpbBytesPerSec))) { 626 warn(NULL); 627 goto done; 628 } 629 dir = bpb.bpbResSectors + (bpb.bpbFATsecs ? bpb.bpbFATsecs : 630 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs) * bpb.bpbFATs; 631 memset(&si_sa, 0, sizeof(si_sa)); 632 si_sa.sa_handler = infohandler; 633 #ifdef SIGINFO 634 if (sigaction(SIGINFO, &si_sa, NULL) == -1) { 635 warn("sigaction SIGINFO"); 636 goto done; 637 } 638 #endif 639 for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust : rds); lsn++) { 640 if (got_siginfo) { 641 fprintf(stderr,"%s: writing sector %u of %u (%u%%)\n", 642 fname, lsn, 643 (dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust: rds)), 644 (lsn * 100) / (dir + 645 (fat == 32 ? bpb.bpbSecPerClust: rds))); 646 got_siginfo = 0; 647 } 648 x = lsn; 649 if (o.bootstrap && 650 fat == 32 && bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && 651 bss <= bpb.bpbBackup && x >= bpb.bpbBackup) { 652 x -= bpb.bpbBackup; 653 if (!x && lseek(fd1, o.offset, SEEK_SET)) { 654 warn("%s", bname); 655 goto done; 656 } 657 } 658 if (o.bootstrap && x < bss) { 659 if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) == -1) { 660 warn("%s", bname); 661 goto done; 662 } 663 if ((unsigned)n != bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) { 664 warnx("%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x); 665 goto done; 666 } 667 } else 668 memset(img, 0, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 669 if (!lsn || 670 (fat == 32 && bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && 671 lsn == bpb.bpbBackup)) { 672 x1 = sizeof(struct bs); 673 bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1); 674 mk2(bsbpb->bpbBytesPerSec, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec); 675 mk1(bsbpb->bpbSecPerClust, bpb.bpbSecPerClust); 676 mk2(bsbpb->bpbResSectors, bpb.bpbResSectors); 677 mk1(bsbpb->bpbFATs, bpb.bpbFATs); 678 mk2(bsbpb->bpbRootDirEnts, bpb.bpbRootDirEnts); 679 mk2(bsbpb->bpbSectors, bpb.bpbSectors); 680 mk1(bsbpb->bpbMedia, bpb.bpbMedia); 681 mk2(bsbpb->bpbFATsecs, bpb.bpbFATsecs); 682 mk2(bsbpb->bpbSecPerTrack, bpb.bpbSecPerTrack); 683 mk2(bsbpb->bpbHeads, bpb.bpbHeads); 684 mk4(bsbpb->bpbHiddenSecs, bpb.bpbHiddenSecs); 685 mk4(bsbpb->bpbHugeSectors, bpb.bpbHugeSectors); 686 x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb); 687 if (fat == 32) { 688 bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1); 689 mk4(bsxbpb->bpbBigFATsecs, bpb.bpbBigFATsecs); 690 mk2(bsxbpb->bpbExtFlags, 0); 691 mk2(bsxbpb->bpbFSVers, 0); 692 mk4(bsxbpb->bpbRootClust, bpb.bpbRootClust); 693 mk2(bsxbpb->bpbFSInfo, bpb.bpbFSInfo); 694 mk2(bsxbpb->bpbBackup, bpb.bpbBackup); 695 x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb); 696 } 697 bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1); 698 mk1(bsx->exBootSignature, 0x29); 699 if (o.volume_id_set) 700 x = o.volume_id; 701 else 702 x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 | 703 (u_int)tm->tm_mday) + 704 ((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 | 705 (u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 | 706 ((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) + 707 ((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 | 708 (u_int)tm->tm_min)); 709 mk4(bsx->exVolumeID, x); 710 mklabel(bsx->exVolumeLabel, o.volume_label ? o.volume_label : "NO NAME"); 711 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "FAT%u", fat); 712 setstr(bsx->exFileSysType, buf, sizeof(bsx->exFileSysType)); 713 if (!o.bootstrap) { 714 x1 += sizeof(struct bsx); 715 bs = (struct bs *)img; 716 mk1(bs->bsJump[0], 0xeb); 717 mk1(bs->bsJump[1], x1 - 2); 718 mk1(bs->bsJump[2], 0x90); 719 setstr(bs->bsOemName, o.OEM_string ? o.OEM_string : "BSD4.4 ", 720 sizeof(bs->bsOemName)); 721 memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode)); 722 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 723 } 724 } else if (fat == 32 && bpb.bpbFSInfo != MAXU16 && 725 (lsn == bpb.bpbFSInfo || 726 (bpb.bpbBackup != MAXU16 && 727 lsn == bpb.bpbBackup + bpb.bpbFSInfo))) { 728 mk4(img, 0x41615252); 729 mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272); 730 mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff); 731 mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, 0xffffffff); 732 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC); 733 } else if (lsn >= bpb.bpbResSectors && lsn < dir && 734 !((lsn - bpb.bpbResSectors) % 735 (bpb.bpbFATsecs ? bpb.bpbFATsecs : 736 bpb.bpbBigFATsecs))) { 737 mk1(img[0], bpb.bpbMedia); 738 for (x = 1; x < fat * (fat == 32 ? 3 : 2) / 8; x++) 739 mk1(img[x], fat == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff); 740 } else if (lsn == dir && o.volume_label) { 741 de = (struct de *)img; 742 mklabel(de->deName, o.volume_label); 743 mk1(de->deAttributes, 050); 744 x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 | 745 (u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 | 746 (u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1; 747 mk2(de->deMTime, x); 748 x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 | 749 (u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 | 750 (u_int)tm->tm_mday; 751 mk2(de->deMDate, x); 752 } 753 if ((n = write(fd, img, bpb.bpbBytesPerSec)) == -1) { 754 warn("%s", fname); 755 goto done; 756 } 757 if ((unsigned)n != bpb.bpbBytesPerSec) { 758 warnx("%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn); 759 goto done; 760 } 761 } 762 } 763 rv = 0; 764 done: 765 free(img); 766 if (fd != -1) 767 close(fd); 768 if (fd1 != -1) 769 close(fd1); 770 771 return rv; 772 } 773 774 /* 775 * return -1 with error if file system is mounted. 776 */ 777 static int 778 check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode) 779 { 780 /* 781 * If getmntinfo() is not available (e.g. Linux) don't check. This should 782 * not be a problem since we will only be using makefs to create images. 783 */ 784 #if !defined(MAKEFS) 785 struct statfs *mp; 786 const char *s1, *s2; 787 size_t len; 788 int n, r; 789 790 if (!(n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT))) { 791 warn("getmntinfo"); 792 return -1; 793 } 794 len = strlen(_PATH_DEV); 795 s1 = fname; 796 if (!strncmp(s1, _PATH_DEV, len)) 797 s1 += len; 798 r = S_ISCHR(mode) && s1 != fname && *s1 == 'r'; 799 for (; n--; mp++) { 800 s2 = mp->f_mntfromname; 801 if (!strncmp(s2, _PATH_DEV, len)) 802 s2 += len; 803 if ((r && s2 != mp->f_mntfromname && !strcmp(s1 + 1, s2)) || 804 !strcmp(s1, s2)) { 805 warnx("%s is mounted on %s", fname, mp->f_mntonname); 806 return -1; 807 } 808 } 809 #endif 810 return 0; 811 } 812 813 /* 814 * Get a standard format. 815 */ 816 static int 817 getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb) 818 { 819 u_int x, i; 820 821 x = nitems(stdfmt); 822 for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++); 823 if (i == x) { 824 warnx("%s: unknown standard format", fmt); 825 return -1; 826 } 827 *bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb; 828 return 0; 829 } 830 831 static void 832 compute_geometry_from_file(int fd, const char *fname, struct disklabel *lp) 833 { 834 struct stat st; 835 off_t ms; 836 837 if (fstat(fd, &st)) 838 err(1, "cannot get disk size"); 839 if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) 840 errx(1, "%s is not a regular file", fname); 841 ms = st.st_size; 842 lp->d_secsize = 512; 843 lp->d_nsectors = 63; 844 lp->d_ntracks = 255; 845 lp->d_secperunit = ms / lp->d_secsize; 846 } 847 848 /* 849 * Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information. 850 */ 851 static int 852 getdiskinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, __unused int oflag, 853 struct bpb *bpb) 854 { 855 struct disklabel *lp, dlp; 856 off_t hs = 0; 857 #ifndef MAKEFS 858 off_t ms; 859 struct fd_type type; 860 861 lp = NULL; 862 863 /* If the user specified a disk type, try to use that */ 864 if (dtype != NULL) { 865 lp = getdiskbyname(dtype); 866 } 867 868 /* Maybe it's a floppy drive */ 869 if (lp == NULL) { 870 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &ms) == -1) { 871 /* create a fake geometry for a file image */ 872 compute_geometry_from_file(fd, fname, &dlp); 873 lp = &dlp; 874 } else if (ioctl(fd, FD_GTYPE, &type) != -1) { 875 dlp.d_secsize = 128 << type.secsize; 876 dlp.d_nsectors = type.sectrac; 877 dlp.d_ntracks = type.heads; 878 dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize; 879 lp = &dlp; 880 } 881 } 882 883 /* Maybe it's a fixed drive */ 884 if (lp == NULL) { 885 if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec) 886 dlp.d_secsize = bpb->bpbBytesPerSec; 887 if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, 888 &dlp.d_secsize) == -1) 889 err(1, "cannot get sector size"); 890 891 dlp.d_secperunit = ms / dlp.d_secsize; 892 893 if (bpb->bpbSecPerTrack == 0 && ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, 894 &dlp.d_nsectors) == -1) { 895 warn("cannot get number of sectors per track"); 896 dlp.d_nsectors = 63; 897 } 898 if (bpb->bpbHeads == 0 && 899 ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &dlp.d_ntracks) == -1) { 900 warn("cannot get number of heads"); 901 if (dlp.d_secperunit <= 63*1*1024) 902 dlp.d_ntracks = 1; 903 else if (dlp.d_secperunit <= 63*16*1024) 904 dlp.d_ntracks = 16; 905 else 906 dlp.d_ntracks = 255; 907 } 908 909 hs = (ms / dlp.d_secsize) - dlp.d_secperunit; 910 lp = &dlp; 911 } 912 #else 913 /* In the makefs case we only support image files: */ 914 compute_geometry_from_file(fd, fname, &dlp); 915 lp = &dlp; 916 #endif 917 918 if (bpb->bpbBytesPerSec == 0) { 919 if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_secsize, "bytes/sector") == -1) 920 return -1; 921 bpb->bpbBytesPerSec = lp->d_secsize; 922 } 923 if (bpb->bpbSecPerTrack == 0) { 924 if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_nsectors, "sectors/track") == -1) 925 return -1; 926 bpb->bpbSecPerTrack = lp->d_nsectors; 927 } 928 if (bpb->bpbHeads == 0) { 929 if (ckgeom(fname, lp->d_ntracks, "drive heads") == -1) 930 return -1; 931 bpb->bpbHeads = lp->d_ntracks; 932 } 933 if (bpb->bpbHugeSectors == 0) 934 bpb->bpbHugeSectors = lp->d_secperunit; 935 if (bpb->bpbHiddenSecs == 0) 936 bpb->bpbHiddenSecs = hs; 937 return 0; 938 } 939 940 /* 941 * Print out BPB values. 942 */ 943 static void 944 print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb) 945 { 946 printf("BytesPerSec=%u SecPerClust=%u ResSectors=%u FATs=%u", 947 bpb->bpbBytesPerSec, bpb->bpbSecPerClust, bpb->bpbResSectors, 948 bpb->bpbFATs); 949 if (bpb->bpbRootDirEnts) 950 printf(" RootDirEnts=%u", bpb->bpbRootDirEnts); 951 if (bpb->bpbSectors) 952 printf(" Sectors=%u", bpb->bpbSectors); 953 printf(" Media=%#x", bpb->bpbMedia); 954 if (bpb->bpbFATsecs) 955 printf(" FATsecs=%u", bpb->bpbFATsecs); 956 printf(" SecPerTrack=%u Heads=%u HiddenSecs=%u", bpb->bpbSecPerTrack, 957 bpb->bpbHeads, bpb->bpbHiddenSecs); 958 if (bpb->bpbHugeSectors) 959 printf(" HugeSectors=%u", bpb->bpbHugeSectors); 960 if (!bpb->bpbFATsecs) { 961 printf(" FATsecs=%u RootCluster=%u", bpb->bpbBigFATsecs, 962 bpb->bpbRootClust); 963 printf(" FSInfo="); 964 printf(bpb->bpbFSInfo == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bpbFSInfo); 965 printf(" Backup="); 966 printf(bpb->bpbBackup == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bpbBackup); 967 } 968 printf("\n"); 969 } 970 971 /* 972 * Check a disk geometry value. 973 */ 974 static int 975 ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg) 976 { 977 if (!val) { 978 warnx("%s: no default %s", fname, msg); 979 return -1; 980 } 981 if (val > MAXU16) { 982 warnx("%s: illegal %s %d", fname, msg, val); 983 return -1; 984 } 985 return 0; 986 } 987 988 /* 989 * Check a volume label. 990 */ 991 static int 992 oklabel(const char *src) 993 { 994 int c, i; 995 996 for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) { 997 c = (u_char)*src++; 998 if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c)) 999 break; 1000 } 1001 return i && !c; 1002 } 1003 1004 /* 1005 * Make a volume label. 1006 */ 1007 static void 1008 mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src) 1009 { 1010 int c, i; 1011 1012 for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) { 1013 c = *src ? toupper(*src++) : ' '; 1014 *dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c; 1015 } 1016 } 1017 1018 /* 1019 * Copy string, padding with spaces. 1020 */ 1021 static void 1022 setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len) 1023 { 1024 while (len--) 1025 *dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' '; 1026 } 1027 1028 static void 1029 infohandler(int sig __unused) 1030 { 1031 1032 got_siginfo = 1; 1033 } 1034