xref: /freebsd/sbin/mdmfs/mdmfs.c (revision dd41de95a84d979615a2ef11df6850622bf6184e)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2001 Dima Dorfman.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 /*
30  * mdmfs (md/MFS) is a wrapper around mdconfig(8),
31  * newfs(8), and mount(8) that mimics the command line option set of
32  * the deprecated mount_mfs(8).
33  */
34 
35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
36 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
37 
38 #include <sys/param.h>
39 #include <sys/linker.h>
40 #include <sys/mdioctl.h>
41 #include <sys/module.h>
42 #include <sys/mount.h>
43 #include <sys/stat.h>
44 #include <sys/wait.h>
45 
46 #include <assert.h>
47 #include <err.h>
48 #include <errno.h>
49 #include <fcntl.h>
50 #include <grp.h>
51 #include <inttypes.h>
52 #include <paths.h>
53 #include <pwd.h>
54 #include <stdarg.h>
55 #include <stdio.h>
56 #include <stdlib.h>
57 #include <string.h>
58 #include <ctype.h>
59 #include <unistd.h>
60 
61 typedef enum { false, true } bool;
62 
63 struct mtpt_info {
64 	uid_t		 mi_uid;
65 	bool		 mi_have_uid;
66 	gid_t		 mi_gid;
67 	bool		 mi_have_gid;
68 	mode_t		 mi_mode;
69 	bool		 mi_have_mode;
70 	bool		 mi_forced_pw;
71 };
72 
73 static	bool debug;		/* Emit debugging information? */
74 static	bool loudsubs;		/* Suppress output from helper programs? */
75 static	bool norun;		/* Actually run the helper programs? */
76 static	int unit;      		/* The unit we're working with. */
77 static	const char *mdname;	/* Name of memory disk device (e.g., "md"). */
78 static	const char *mdsuffix;	/* Suffix of memory disk device (e.g., ".uzip"). */
79 static	size_t mdnamelen;	/* Length of mdname. */
80 static	const char *path_mdconfig =_PATH_MDCONFIG;
81 
82 static void	 argappend(char **, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
83 static void	 debugprintf(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
84 static void	 do_mdconfig_attach(const char *, const enum md_types);
85 static void	 do_mdconfig_attach_au(const char *, const enum md_types);
86 static void	 do_mdconfig_detach(void);
87 static void	 do_mount_md(const char *, const char *);
88 static void	 do_mount_tmpfs(const char *, const char *);
89 static void	 do_mtptsetup(const char *, struct mtpt_info *);
90 static void	 do_newfs(const char *);
91 static void	 do_copy(const char *, const char *);
92 static void	 extract_ugid(const char *, struct mtpt_info *);
93 static int	 run(int *, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
94 static const char *run_exitstr(int);
95 static int	 run_exitnumber(int);
96 static void	 usage(void);
97 
98 int
99 main(int argc, char **argv)
100 {
101 	struct mtpt_info mi;		/* Mountpoint info. */
102 	intmax_t mdsize;
103 	char *mdconfig_arg, *newfs_arg,	/* Args to helper programs. */
104 	    *mount_arg;
105 	enum md_types mdtype;		/* The type of our memory disk. */
106 	bool have_mdtype, mlmac;
107 	bool detach, softdep, autounit, newfs;
108 	const char *mtpoint, *size_arg, *skel, *unitstr;
109 	char *p;
110 	int ch, idx;
111 	void *set;
112 	unsigned long ul;
113 
114 	/* Misc. initialization. */
115 	(void)memset(&mi, '\0', sizeof(mi));
116 	detach = true;
117 	softdep = true;
118 	autounit = false;
119 	mlmac = false;
120 	newfs = true;
121 	have_mdtype = false;
122 	skel = NULL;
123 	mdtype = MD_SWAP;
124 	mdname = MD_NAME;
125 	mdnamelen = strlen(mdname);
126 	mdsize = 0;
127 	/*
128 	 * Can't set these to NULL.  They may be passed to the
129 	 * respective programs without modification.  I.e., we may not
130 	 * receive any command-line options which will caused them to
131 	 * be modified.
132 	 */
133 	mdconfig_arg = strdup("");
134 	newfs_arg = strdup("");
135 	mount_arg = strdup("");
136 	size_arg = NULL;
137 
138 	/* If we were started as mount_mfs or mfs, imply -C. */
139 	if (strcmp(getprogname(), "mount_mfs") == 0 ||
140 	    strcmp(getprogname(), "mfs") == 0) {
141 		/* Make compatibility assumptions. */
142 		mi.mi_mode = 01777;
143 		mi.mi_have_mode = true;
144 	}
145 
146 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
147 	    "a:b:Cc:Dd:E:e:F:f:hi:k:LlMm:NnO:o:Pp:Ss:tT:Uv:w:X")) != -1)
148 		switch (ch) {
149 		case 'a':
150 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-a %s", optarg);
151 			break;
152 		case 'b':
153 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-b %s", optarg);
154 			break;
155 		case 'C':
156 			/* Ignored for compatibility. */
157 			break;
158 		case 'c':
159 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-c %s", optarg);
160 			break;
161 		case 'D':
162 			detach = false;
163 			break;
164 		case 'd':
165 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-d %s", optarg);
166 			break;
167 		case 'E':
168 			path_mdconfig = optarg;
169 			break;
170 		case 'e':
171 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-e %s", optarg);
172 			break;
173 		case 'F':
174 			if (have_mdtype)
175 				usage();
176 			mdtype = MD_VNODE;
177 			have_mdtype = true;
178 			argappend(&mdconfig_arg, "-f %s", optarg);
179 			break;
180 		case 'f':
181 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-f %s", optarg);
182 			break;
183 		case 'h':
184 			usage();
185 			break;
186 		case 'i':
187 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-i %s", optarg);
188 			break;
189 		case 'k':
190 			skel = optarg;
191 			break;
192 		case 'L':
193 			loudsubs = true;
194 			break;
195 		case 'l':
196 			mlmac = true;
197 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-l");
198 			break;
199 		case 'M':
200 			if (have_mdtype)
201 				usage();
202 			mdtype = MD_MALLOC;
203 			have_mdtype = true;
204 			argappend(&mdconfig_arg, "-o reserve");
205 			break;
206 		case 'm':
207 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-m %s", optarg);
208 			break;
209 		case 'N':
210 			norun = true;
211 			break;
212 		case 'n':
213 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-n");
214 			break;
215 		case 'O':
216 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-o %s", optarg);
217 			break;
218 		case 'o':
219 			argappend(&mount_arg, "-o %s", optarg);
220 			break;
221 		case 'P':
222 			newfs = false;
223 			break;
224 		case 'p':
225 			if ((set = setmode(optarg)) == NULL)
226 				usage();
227 			mi.mi_mode = getmode(set, S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO);
228 			mi.mi_have_mode = true;
229 			mi.mi_forced_pw = true;
230 			free(set);
231 			break;
232 		case 'S':
233 			softdep = false;
234 			break;
235 		case 's':
236 			size_arg = optarg;
237 			break;
238 		case 't':
239 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-t");
240 			break;
241 		case 'T':
242 			argappend(&mount_arg, "-t %s", optarg);
243 			break;
244 		case 'U':
245 			softdep = true;
246 			break;
247 		case 'v':
248 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-O %s", optarg);
249 			break;
250 		case 'w':
251 			extract_ugid(optarg, &mi);
252 			mi.mi_forced_pw = true;
253 			break;
254 		case 'X':
255 			debug = true;
256 			break;
257 		default:
258 			usage();
259 		}
260 	argc -= optind;
261 	argv += optind;
262 	if (argc < 2)
263 		usage();
264 
265 	/*
266 	 * Historically our size arg was passed directly to mdconfig, which
267 	 * treats a number without a suffix as a count of 512-byte sectors;
268 	 * tmpfs would treat it as a count of bytes.  To get predictable
269 	 * behavior for 'auto' we document that the size always uses mdconfig
270 	 * rules.  To make that work, decode the size here so it can be passed
271 	 * to either tmpfs or mdconfig as a count of bytes.
272 	 */
273 	if (size_arg != NULL) {
274 		mdsize = (intmax_t)strtoumax(size_arg, &p, 0);
275 		if (p == size_arg || (p[0] != 0 && p[1] != 0) || mdsize < 0)
276 			errx(1, "invalid size '%s'", size_arg);
277 		switch (*p) {
278 		case 'p':
279 		case 'P':
280 			mdsize *= 1024;
281 		case 't':
282 		case 'T':
283 			mdsize *= 1024;
284 		case 'g':
285 		case 'G':
286 			mdsize *= 1024;
287 		case 'm':
288 		case 'M':
289 			mdsize *= 1024;
290 		case 'k':
291 		case 'K':
292 			mdsize *= 1024;
293 		case 'b':
294 		case 'B':
295 			break;
296 		case '\0':
297 			mdsize *= 512;
298 			break;
299 		default:
300 			errx(1, "invalid size suffix on '%s'", size_arg);
301 		}
302 	}
303 
304 	/*
305 	 * Based on the command line 'md-device' either mount a tmpfs filesystem
306 	 * or configure the md device then format and mount a filesystem on it.
307 	 * If the device is 'auto' use tmpfs if it is available and there is no
308 	 * request for multilabel MAC (which tmpfs does not support).
309 	 */
310 	unitstr = argv[0];
311 	mtpoint = argv[1];
312 
313 	if (strcmp(unitstr, "auto") == 0) {
314 		if (mlmac)
315 			idx = -1; /* Must use md for mlmac. */
316 		else if ((idx = modfind("tmpfs")) == -1)
317 			idx = kldload("tmpfs");
318 		if (idx == -1)
319 			unitstr = "md";
320 		else
321 			unitstr = "tmpfs";
322 	}
323 
324 	if (strcmp(unitstr, "tmpfs") == 0) {
325 		if (size_arg != NULL && mdsize != 0)
326 			argappend(&mount_arg, "-o size=%jd", mdsize);
327 		do_mount_tmpfs(mount_arg, mtpoint);
328 	} else {
329 		if (size_arg != NULL)
330 			argappend(&mdconfig_arg, "-s %jdB", mdsize);
331 		if (strncmp(unitstr, "/dev/", 5) == 0)
332 			unitstr += 5;
333 		if (strncmp(unitstr, mdname, mdnamelen) == 0)
334 			unitstr += mdnamelen;
335 		if (!isdigit(*unitstr)) {
336 			autounit = true;
337 			unit = -1;
338 			mdsuffix = unitstr;
339 		} else {
340 			ul = strtoul(unitstr, &p, 10);
341 			if (ul == ULONG_MAX)
342 				errx(1, "bad device unit: %s", unitstr);
343 			unit = ul;
344 			mdsuffix = p;	/* can be empty */
345 		}
346 
347 		if (!have_mdtype)
348 			mdtype = MD_SWAP;
349 		if (softdep)
350 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-U");
351 		if (mdtype != MD_VNODE && !newfs)
352 			errx(1, "-P requires a vnode-backed disk");
353 
354 		/* Do the work. */
355 		if (detach && !autounit)
356 			do_mdconfig_detach();
357 		if (autounit)
358 			do_mdconfig_attach_au(mdconfig_arg, mdtype);
359 		else
360 			do_mdconfig_attach(mdconfig_arg, mdtype);
361 		if (newfs)
362 			do_newfs(newfs_arg);
363 		do_mount_md(mount_arg, mtpoint);
364 	}
365 
366 	do_mtptsetup(mtpoint, &mi);
367 	if (skel != NULL)
368 		do_copy(mtpoint, skel);
369 
370 	return (0);
371 }
372 
373 /*
374  * Append the expansion of 'fmt' to the buffer pointed to by '*dstp';
375  * reallocate as required.
376  */
377 static void
378 argappend(char **dstp, const char *fmt, ...)
379 {
380 	char *old, *new;
381 	va_list ap;
382 
383 	old = *dstp;
384 	assert(old != NULL);
385 
386 	va_start(ap, fmt);
387 	if (vasprintf(&new, fmt,ap) == -1)
388 		errx(1, "vasprintf");
389 	va_end(ap);
390 
391 	*dstp = new;
392 	if (asprintf(&new, "%s %s", old, new) == -1)
393 		errx(1, "asprintf");
394 	free(*dstp);
395 	free(old);
396 
397 	*dstp = new;
398 }
399 
400 /*
401  * If run-time debugging is enabled, print the expansion of 'fmt'.
402  * Otherwise, do nothing.
403  */
404 static void
405 debugprintf(const char *fmt, ...)
406 {
407 	va_list ap;
408 
409 	if (!debug)
410 		return;
411 	fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: ");
412 	va_start(ap, fmt);
413 	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
414 	va_end(ap);
415 	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
416 	fflush(stderr);
417 }
418 
419 /*
420  * Attach a memory disk with a known unit.
421  */
422 static void
423 do_mdconfig_attach(const char *args, const enum md_types mdtype)
424 {
425 	int rv;
426 	const char *ta;		/* Type arg. */
427 
428 	switch (mdtype) {
429 	case MD_SWAP:
430 		ta = "-t swap";
431 		break;
432 	case MD_VNODE:
433 		ta = "-t vnode";
434 		break;
435 	case MD_MALLOC:
436 		ta = "-t malloc";
437 		break;
438 	default:
439 		abort();
440 	}
441 	rv = run(NULL, "%s -a %s%s -u %s%d", path_mdconfig, ta, args,
442 	    mdname, unit);
443 	if (rv)
444 		errx(1, "mdconfig (attach) exited %s %d", run_exitstr(rv),
445 		    run_exitnumber(rv));
446 }
447 
448 /*
449  * Attach a memory disk with an unknown unit; use autounit.
450  */
451 static void
452 do_mdconfig_attach_au(const char *args, const enum md_types mdtype)
453 {
454 	const char *ta;		/* Type arg. */
455 	char *linep;
456 	char linebuf[12];	/* 32-bit unit (10) + '\n' (1) + '\0' (1) */
457 	int fd;			/* Standard output of mdconfig invocation. */
458 	FILE *sfd;
459 	int rv;
460 	char *p;
461 	size_t linelen;
462 	unsigned long ul;
463 
464 	switch (mdtype) {
465 	case MD_SWAP:
466 		ta = "-t swap";
467 		break;
468 	case MD_VNODE:
469 		ta = "-t vnode";
470 		break;
471 	case MD_MALLOC:
472 		ta = "-t malloc";
473 		break;
474 	default:
475 		abort();
476 	}
477 	rv = run(&fd, "%s -a %s%s", path_mdconfig, ta, args);
478 	if (rv)
479 		errx(1, "mdconfig (attach) exited %s %d", run_exitstr(rv),
480 		    run_exitnumber(rv));
481 
482 	/* Receive the unit number. */
483 	if (norun) {	/* Since we didn't run, we can't read.  Fake it. */
484 		unit = 0;
485 		return;
486 	}
487 	sfd = fdopen(fd, "r");
488 	if (sfd == NULL)
489 		err(1, "fdopen");
490 	linep = fgetln(sfd, &linelen);
491 	/* If the output format changes, we want to know about it. */
492 	if (linep == NULL || linelen <= mdnamelen + 1 ||
493 	    linelen - mdnamelen >= sizeof(linebuf) ||
494 	    strncmp(linep, mdname, mdnamelen) != 0)
495 		errx(1, "unexpected output from mdconfig (attach)");
496 	linep += mdnamelen;
497 	linelen -= mdnamelen;
498 	/* Can't use strlcpy because linep is not NULL-terminated. */
499 	strncpy(linebuf, linep, linelen);
500 	linebuf[linelen] = '\0';
501 	ul = strtoul(linebuf, &p, 10);
502 	if (ul == ULONG_MAX || *p != '\n')
503 		errx(1, "unexpected output from mdconfig (attach)");
504 	unit = ul;
505 
506 	fclose(sfd);
507 }
508 
509 /*
510  * Detach a memory disk.
511  */
512 static void
513 do_mdconfig_detach(void)
514 {
515 	int rv;
516 
517 	rv = run(NULL, "%s -d -u %s%d", path_mdconfig, mdname, unit);
518 	if (rv && debug)	/* This is allowed to fail. */
519 		warnx("mdconfig (detach) exited %s %d (ignored)",
520 		    run_exitstr(rv), run_exitnumber(rv));
521 }
522 
523 /*
524  * Mount the configured memory disk.
525  */
526 static void
527 do_mount_md(const char *args, const char *mtpoint)
528 {
529 	int rv;
530 
531 	rv = run(NULL, "%s%s /dev/%s%d%s %s", _PATH_MOUNT, args,
532 	    mdname, unit, mdsuffix, mtpoint);
533 	if (rv)
534 		errx(1, "mount exited %s %d", run_exitstr(rv),
535 		    run_exitnumber(rv));
536 }
537 
538 /*
539  * Mount the configured tmpfs.
540  */
541 static void
542 do_mount_tmpfs(const char *args, const char *mtpoint)
543 {
544 	int rv;
545 
546 	rv = run(NULL, "%s -t tmpfs %s tmp %s", _PATH_MOUNT, args, mtpoint);
547 	if (rv)
548 		errx(1, "tmpfs mount exited %s %d", run_exitstr(rv),
549 		    run_exitnumber(rv));
550 }
551 
552 /*
553  * Various configuration of the mountpoint.  Mostly, enact 'mip'.
554  */
555 static void
556 do_mtptsetup(const char *mtpoint, struct mtpt_info *mip)
557 {
558 	struct statfs sfs;
559 
560 	if (!mip->mi_have_mode && !mip->mi_have_uid && !mip->mi_have_gid)
561 		return;
562 
563 	if (!norun) {
564 		if (statfs(mtpoint, &sfs) == -1) {
565 			warn("statfs: %s", mtpoint);
566 			return;
567 		}
568 		if ((sfs.f_flags & MNT_RDONLY) != 0) {
569 			if (mip->mi_forced_pw) {
570 				warnx(
571 	"Not changing mode/owner of %s since it is read-only",
572 				    mtpoint);
573 			} else {
574 				debugprintf(
575 	"Not changing mode/owner of %s since it is read-only",
576 				    mtpoint);
577 			}
578 			return;
579 		}
580 	}
581 
582 	if (mip->mi_have_mode) {
583 		debugprintf("changing mode of %s to %o.", mtpoint,
584 		    mip->mi_mode);
585 		if (!norun)
586 			if (chmod(mtpoint, mip->mi_mode) == -1)
587 				err(1, "chmod: %s", mtpoint);
588 	}
589 	/*
590 	 * We have to do these separately because the user may have
591 	 * only specified one of them.
592 	 */
593 	if (mip->mi_have_uid) {
594 		debugprintf("changing owner (user) or %s to %u.", mtpoint,
595 		    mip->mi_uid);
596 		if (!norun)
597 			if (chown(mtpoint, mip->mi_uid, -1) == -1)
598 				err(1, "chown %s to %u (user)", mtpoint,
599 				    mip->mi_uid);
600 	}
601 	if (mip->mi_have_gid) {
602 		debugprintf("changing owner (group) or %s to %u.", mtpoint,
603 		    mip->mi_gid);
604 		if (!norun)
605 			if (chown(mtpoint, -1, mip->mi_gid) == -1)
606 				err(1, "chown %s to %u (group)", mtpoint,
607 				    mip->mi_gid);
608 	}
609 }
610 
611 /*
612  * Put a file system on the memory disk.
613  */
614 static void
615 do_newfs(const char *args)
616 {
617 	int rv;
618 
619 	rv = run(NULL, "%s%s /dev/%s%d", _PATH_NEWFS, args, mdname, unit);
620 	if (rv)
621 		errx(1, "newfs exited %s %d", run_exitstr(rv),
622 		    run_exitnumber(rv));
623 }
624 
625 
626 /*
627  * Copy skel into the mountpoint.
628  */
629 static void
630 do_copy(const char *mtpoint, const char *skel)
631 {
632 	int rv;
633 
634 	rv = chdir(skel);
635 	if (rv != 0)
636 		err(1, "chdir to %s", skel);
637 	rv = run(NULL, "/bin/pax -rw -pe . %s", mtpoint);
638 	if (rv != 0)
639 		errx(1, "skel copy failed");
640 }
641 
642 /*
643  * 'str' should be a user and group name similar to the last argument
644  * to chown(1); i.e., a user, followed by a colon, followed by a
645  * group.  The user and group in 'str' may be either a [ug]id or a
646  * name.  Upon return, the uid and gid fields in 'mip' will contain
647  * the uid and gid of the user and group name in 'str', respectively.
648  *
649  * In other words, this derives a user and group id from a string
650  * formatted like the last argument to chown(1).
651  *
652  * Notice: At this point we don't support only a username or only a
653  * group name. do_mtptsetup already does, so when this feature is
654  * desired, this is the only routine that needs to be changed.
655  */
656 static void
657 extract_ugid(const char *str, struct mtpt_info *mip)
658 {
659 	char *ug;			/* Writable 'str'. */
660 	char *user, *group;		/* Result of extracton. */
661 	struct passwd *pw;
662 	struct group *gr;
663 	char *p;
664 	uid_t *uid;
665 	gid_t *gid;
666 
667 	uid = &mip->mi_uid;
668 	gid = &mip->mi_gid;
669 	mip->mi_have_uid = mip->mi_have_gid = false;
670 
671 	/* Extract the user and group from 'str'.  Format above. */
672 	ug = strdup(str);
673 	assert(ug != NULL);
674 	group = ug;
675 	user = strsep(&group, ":");
676 	if (user == NULL || group == NULL || *user == '\0' || *group == '\0')
677 		usage();
678 
679 	/* Derive uid. */
680 	*uid = strtoul(user, &p, 10);
681 	if (*uid == (uid_t)ULONG_MAX)
682 		usage();
683 	if (*p != '\0') {
684 		pw = getpwnam(user);
685 		if (pw == NULL)
686 			errx(1, "invalid user: %s", user);
687 		*uid = pw->pw_uid;
688 	}
689 	mip->mi_have_uid = true;
690 
691 	/* Derive gid. */
692 	*gid = strtoul(group, &p, 10);
693 	if (*gid == (gid_t)ULONG_MAX)
694 		usage();
695 	if (*p != '\0') {
696 		gr = getgrnam(group);
697 		if (gr == NULL)
698 			errx(1, "invalid group: %s", group);
699 		*gid = gr->gr_gid;
700 	}
701 	mip->mi_have_gid = true;
702 
703 	free(ug);
704 }
705 
706 /*
707  * Run a process with command name and arguments pointed to by the
708  * formatted string 'cmdline'.  Since system(3) is not used, the first
709  * space-delimited token of 'cmdline' must be the full pathname of the
710  * program to run.
711  *
712  * The return value is the return code of the process spawned, or a negative
713  * signal number if the process exited due to an uncaught signal.
714  *
715  * If 'ofd' is non-NULL, it is set to the standard output of
716  * the program spawned (i.e., you can read from ofd and get the output
717  * of the program).
718  */
719 static int
720 run(int *ofd, const char *cmdline, ...)
721 {
722 	char **argv, **argvp;		/* Result of splitting 'cmd'. */
723 	int argc;
724 	char *cmd;			/* Expansion of 'cmdline'. */
725 	int pid, status;		/* Child info. */
726 	int pfd[2];			/* Pipe to the child. */
727 	int nfd;			/* Null (/dev/null) file descriptor. */
728 	bool dup2dn;			/* Dup /dev/null to stdout? */
729 	va_list ap;
730 	char *p;
731 	int rv, i;
732 
733 	dup2dn = true;
734 	va_start(ap, cmdline);
735 	rv = vasprintf(&cmd, cmdline, ap);
736 	if (rv == -1)
737 		err(1, "vasprintf");
738 	va_end(ap);
739 
740 	/* Split up 'cmd' into 'argv' for use with execve. */
741 	for (argc = 1, p = cmd; (p = strchr(p, ' ')) != NULL; p++)
742 		argc++;		/* 'argc' generation loop. */
743 	argv = (char **)malloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 1));
744 	assert(argv != NULL);
745 	for (p = cmd, argvp = argv; (*argvp = strsep(&p, " ")) != NULL;)
746 		if (**argvp != '\0')
747 			if (++argvp >= &argv[argc]) {
748 				*argvp = NULL;
749 				break;
750 			}
751 	assert(*argv);
752 	/* The argv array ends up NULL-terminated here. */
753 
754 	/* Make sure the above loop works as expected. */
755 	if (debug) {
756 		/*
757 		 * We can't, but should, use debugprintf here.  First,
758 		 * it appends a trailing newline to the output, and
759 		 * second it prepends "DEBUG: " to the output.  The
760 		 * former is a problem for this would-be first call,
761 		 * and the latter for the would-be call inside the
762 		 * loop.
763 		 */
764 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: running:");
765 		/* Should be equivalent to 'cmd' (before strsep, of course). */
766 		for (i = 0; argv[i] != NULL; i++)
767 			(void)fprintf(stderr, " %s", argv[i]);
768 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
769 	}
770 
771 	/* Create a pipe if necessary and fork the helper program. */
772 	if (ofd != NULL) {
773 		if (pipe(&pfd[0]) == -1)
774 			err(1, "pipe");
775 		*ofd = pfd[0];
776 		dup2dn = false;
777 	}
778 	pid = fork();
779 	switch (pid) {
780 	case 0:
781 		/* XXX can we call err() in here? */
782 		if (norun)
783 			_exit(0);
784 		if (ofd != NULL)
785 			if (dup2(pfd[1], STDOUT_FILENO) < 0)
786 				err(1, "dup2");
787 		if (!loudsubs) {
788 			nfd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR);
789 			if (nfd == -1)
790 				err(1, "open: %s", _PATH_DEVNULL);
791 			if (dup2(nfd, STDIN_FILENO) < 0)
792 				err(1, "dup2");
793 			if (dup2dn)
794 				if (dup2(nfd, STDOUT_FILENO) < 0)
795 				   err(1, "dup2");
796 			if (dup2(nfd, STDERR_FILENO) < 0)
797 				err(1, "dup2");
798 		}
799 
800 		(void)execv(argv[0], argv);
801 		warn("exec: %s", argv[0]);
802 		_exit(-1);
803 	case -1:
804 		err(1, "fork");
805 	}
806 
807 	free(cmd);
808 	free(argv);
809 	while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) != pid)
810 		;
811 	if (WIFEXITED(status))
812 		return (WEXITSTATUS(status));
813 	if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
814 		return (-WTERMSIG(status));
815 	err(1, "unexpected waitpid status: 0x%x", status);
816 }
817 
818 /*
819  * If run() returns non-zero, provide a string explaining why.
820  */
821 static const char *
822 run_exitstr(int rv)
823 {
824 	if (rv > 0)
825 		return ("with error code");
826 	if (rv < 0)
827 		return ("with signal");
828 	return (NULL);
829 }
830 
831 /*
832  * If run returns non-zero, provide a relevant number.
833  */
834 static int
835 run_exitnumber(int rv)
836 {
837 	if (rv < 0)
838 		return (-rv);
839 	return (rv);
840 }
841 
842 static void
843 usage(void)
844 {
845 
846 	fprintf(stderr,
847 "usage: %s [-DLlMNnPStUX] [-a maxcontig] [-b block-size]\n"
848 "\t[-c blocks-per-cylinder-group][-d max-extent-size] [-E path-mdconfig]\n"
849 "\t[-e maxbpg] [-F file] [-f frag-size] [-i bytes] [-k skel]\n"
850 "\t[-m percent-free] [-O optimization] [-o mount-options]\n"
851 "\t[-p permissions] [-s size] [-v version] [-w user:group]\n"
852 "\tmd-device mount-point\n", getprogname());
853 	exit(1);
854 }
855