xref: /freebsd/sbin/mdmfs/mdmfs.c (revision ab40f58ccfe6c07ebefddc72f4661a52fe746353)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2001 Dima Dorfman.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 /*
30  * mdmfs (md/MFS) is a wrapper around mdconfig(8),
31  * newfs(8), and mount(8) that mimics the command line option set of
32  * the deprecated mount_mfs(8).
33  */
34 
35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
36 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
37 
38 #include <sys/param.h>
39 #include <sys/linker.h>
40 #include <sys/mdioctl.h>
41 #include <sys/module.h>
42 #include <sys/mount.h>
43 #include <sys/stat.h>
44 #include <sys/wait.h>
45 
46 #include <assert.h>
47 #include <err.h>
48 #include <errno.h>
49 #include <fcntl.h>
50 #include <grp.h>
51 #include <inttypes.h>
52 #include <paths.h>
53 #include <pwd.h>
54 #include <stdarg.h>
55 #include <stdio.h>
56 #include <stdlib.h>
57 #include <string.h>
58 #include <ctype.h>
59 #include <unistd.h>
60 
61 typedef enum { false, true } bool;
62 
63 struct mtpt_info {
64 	uid_t		 mi_uid;
65 	bool		 mi_have_uid;
66 	gid_t		 mi_gid;
67 	bool		 mi_have_gid;
68 	mode_t		 mi_mode;
69 	bool		 mi_have_mode;
70 	bool		 mi_forced_pw;
71 };
72 
73 static	bool debug;		/* Emit debugging information? */
74 static	bool loudsubs;		/* Suppress output from helper programs? */
75 static	bool norun;		/* Actually run the helper programs? */
76 static	int unit;      		/* The unit we're working with. */
77 static	const char *mdname;	/* Name of memory disk device (e.g., "md"). */
78 static	const char *mdsuffix;	/* Suffix of memory disk device (e.g., ".uzip"). */
79 static	size_t mdnamelen;	/* Length of mdname. */
80 static	const char *path_mdconfig =_PATH_MDCONFIG;
81 
82 static void	 argappend(char **, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
83 static void	 debugprintf(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
84 static void	 do_mdconfig_attach(const char *, const enum md_types);
85 static void	 do_mdconfig_attach_au(const char *, const enum md_types);
86 static void	 do_mdconfig_detach(void);
87 static void	 do_mount_md(const char *, const char *);
88 static void	 do_mount_tmpfs(const char *, const char *);
89 static void	 do_mtptsetup(const char *, struct mtpt_info *);
90 static void	 do_newfs(const char *);
91 static void	 extract_ugid(const char *, struct mtpt_info *);
92 static int	 run(int *, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
93 static void	 usage(void);
94 
95 int
96 main(int argc, char **argv)
97 {
98 	struct mtpt_info mi;		/* Mountpoint info. */
99 	intmax_t mdsize;
100 	char *mdconfig_arg, *newfs_arg,	/* Args to helper programs. */
101 	    *mount_arg;
102 	enum md_types mdtype;		/* The type of our memory disk. */
103 	bool have_mdtype, mlmac;
104 	bool detach, softdep, autounit, newfs;
105 	const char *mtpoint, *size_arg, *unitstr;
106 	char *p;
107 	int ch, idx;
108 	void *set;
109 	unsigned long ul;
110 
111 	/* Misc. initialization. */
112 	(void)memset(&mi, '\0', sizeof(mi));
113 	detach = true;
114 	softdep = true;
115 	autounit = false;
116 	mlmac = false;
117 	newfs = true;
118 	have_mdtype = false;
119 	mdtype = MD_SWAP;
120 	mdname = MD_NAME;
121 	mdnamelen = strlen(mdname);
122 	mdsize = 0;
123 	/*
124 	 * Can't set these to NULL.  They may be passed to the
125 	 * respective programs without modification.  I.e., we may not
126 	 * receive any command-line options which will caused them to
127 	 * be modified.
128 	 */
129 	mdconfig_arg = strdup("");
130 	newfs_arg = strdup("");
131 	mount_arg = strdup("");
132 	size_arg = NULL;
133 
134 	/* If we were started as mount_mfs or mfs, imply -C. */
135 	if (strcmp(getprogname(), "mount_mfs") == 0 ||
136 	    strcmp(getprogname(), "mfs") == 0) {
137 		/* Make compatibility assumptions. */
138 		mi.mi_mode = 01777;
139 		mi.mi_have_mode = true;
140 	}
141 
142 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
143 	    "a:b:Cc:Dd:E:e:F:f:hi:LlMm:NnO:o:Pp:Ss:tT:Uv:w:X")) != -1)
144 		switch (ch) {
145 		case 'a':
146 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-a %s", optarg);
147 			break;
148 		case 'b':
149 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-b %s", optarg);
150 			break;
151 		case 'C':
152 			/* Ignored for compatibility. */
153 			break;
154 		case 'c':
155 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-c %s", optarg);
156 			break;
157 		case 'D':
158 			detach = false;
159 			break;
160 		case 'd':
161 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-d %s", optarg);
162 			break;
163 		case 'E':
164 			path_mdconfig = optarg;
165 			break;
166 		case 'e':
167 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-e %s", optarg);
168 			break;
169 		case 'F':
170 			if (have_mdtype)
171 				usage();
172 			mdtype = MD_VNODE;
173 			have_mdtype = true;
174 			argappend(&mdconfig_arg, "-f %s", optarg);
175 			break;
176 		case 'f':
177 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-f %s", optarg);
178 			break;
179 		case 'h':
180 			usage();
181 			break;
182 		case 'i':
183 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-i %s", optarg);
184 			break;
185 		case 'L':
186 			loudsubs = true;
187 			break;
188 		case 'l':
189 			mlmac = true;
190 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-l");
191 			break;
192 		case 'M':
193 			if (have_mdtype)
194 				usage();
195 			mdtype = MD_MALLOC;
196 			have_mdtype = true;
197 			break;
198 		case 'm':
199 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-m %s", optarg);
200 			break;
201 		case 'N':
202 			norun = true;
203 			break;
204 		case 'n':
205 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-n");
206 			break;
207 		case 'O':
208 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-o %s", optarg);
209 			break;
210 		case 'o':
211 			argappend(&mount_arg, "-o %s", optarg);
212 			break;
213 		case 'P':
214 			newfs = false;
215 			break;
216 		case 'p':
217 			if ((set = setmode(optarg)) == NULL)
218 				usage();
219 			mi.mi_mode = getmode(set, S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO);
220 			mi.mi_have_mode = true;
221 			mi.mi_forced_pw = true;
222 			free(set);
223 			break;
224 		case 'S':
225 			softdep = false;
226 			break;
227 		case 's':
228 			size_arg = optarg;
229 			break;
230 		case 't':
231 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-t");
232 			break;
233 		case 'T':
234 			argappend(&mount_arg, "-t %s", optarg);
235 			break;
236 		case 'U':
237 			softdep = true;
238 			break;
239 		case 'v':
240 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-O %s", optarg);
241 			break;
242 		case 'w':
243 			extract_ugid(optarg, &mi);
244 			mi.mi_forced_pw = true;
245 			break;
246 		case 'X':
247 			debug = true;
248 			break;
249 		default:
250 			usage();
251 		}
252 	argc -= optind;
253 	argv += optind;
254 	if (argc < 2)
255 		usage();
256 
257 	/*
258 	 * Historically our size arg was passed directly to mdconfig, which
259 	 * treats a number without a suffix as a count of 512-byte sectors;
260 	 * tmpfs would treat it as a count of bytes.  To get predictable
261 	 * behavior for 'auto' we document that the size always uses mdconfig
262 	 * rules.  To make that work, decode the size here so it can be passed
263 	 * to either tmpfs or mdconfig as a count of bytes.
264 	 */
265 	if (size_arg != NULL) {
266 		mdsize = (intmax_t)strtoumax(size_arg, &p, 0);
267 		if (p == size_arg || (p[0] != 0 && p[1] != 0) || mdsize < 0)
268 			errx(1, "invalid size '%s'", size_arg);
269 		switch (*p) {
270 		case 'p':
271 		case 'P':
272 			mdsize *= 1024;
273 		case 't':
274 		case 'T':
275 			mdsize *= 1024;
276 		case 'g':
277 		case 'G':
278 			mdsize *= 1024;
279 		case 'm':
280 		case 'M':
281 			mdsize *= 1024;
282 		case 'k':
283 		case 'K':
284 			mdsize *= 1024;
285 		case 'b':
286 		case 'B':
287 			break;
288 		case '\0':
289 			mdsize *= 512;
290 			break;
291 		default:
292 			errx(1, "invalid size suffix on '%s'", size_arg);
293 		}
294 	}
295 
296 	/*
297 	 * Based on the command line 'md-device' either mount a tmpfs filesystem
298 	 * or configure the md device then format and mount a filesystem on it.
299 	 * If the device is 'auto' use tmpfs if it is available and there is no
300 	 * request for multilabel MAC (which tmpfs does not support).
301 	 */
302 	unitstr = argv[0];
303 	mtpoint = argv[1];
304 
305 	if (strcmp(unitstr, "auto") == 0) {
306 		if (mlmac)
307 			idx = -1; /* Must use md for mlmac. */
308 		else if ((idx = modfind("tmpfs")) == -1)
309 			idx = kldload("tmpfs");
310 		if (idx == -1)
311 			unitstr = "md";
312 		else
313 			unitstr = "tmpfs";
314 	}
315 
316 	if (strcmp(unitstr, "tmpfs") == 0) {
317 		if (size_arg != NULL && mdsize != 0)
318 			argappend(&mount_arg, "-o size=%jd", mdsize);
319 		do_mount_tmpfs(mount_arg, mtpoint);
320 	} else {
321 		if (size_arg != NULL)
322 			argappend(&mdconfig_arg, "-s %jdB", mdsize);
323 		if (strncmp(unitstr, "/dev/", 5) == 0)
324 			unitstr += 5;
325 		if (strncmp(unitstr, mdname, mdnamelen) == 0)
326 			unitstr += mdnamelen;
327 		if (!isdigit(*unitstr)) {
328 			autounit = true;
329 			unit = -1;
330 			mdsuffix = unitstr;
331 		} else {
332 			ul = strtoul(unitstr, &p, 10);
333 			if (ul == ULONG_MAX)
334 				errx(1, "bad device unit: %s", unitstr);
335 			unit = ul;
336 			mdsuffix = p;	/* can be empty */
337 		}
338 
339 		if (!have_mdtype)
340 			mdtype = MD_SWAP;
341 		if (softdep)
342 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-U");
343 		if (mdtype != MD_VNODE && !newfs)
344 			errx(1, "-P requires a vnode-backed disk");
345 
346 		/* Do the work. */
347 		if (detach && !autounit)
348 			do_mdconfig_detach();
349 		if (autounit)
350 			do_mdconfig_attach_au(mdconfig_arg, mdtype);
351 		else
352 			do_mdconfig_attach(mdconfig_arg, mdtype);
353 		if (newfs)
354 			do_newfs(newfs_arg);
355 		do_mount_md(mount_arg, mtpoint);
356 	}
357 
358 	do_mtptsetup(mtpoint, &mi);
359 
360 	return (0);
361 }
362 
363 /*
364  * Append the expansion of 'fmt' to the buffer pointed to by '*dstp';
365  * reallocate as required.
366  */
367 static void
368 argappend(char **dstp, const char *fmt, ...)
369 {
370 	char *old, *new;
371 	va_list ap;
372 
373 	old = *dstp;
374 	assert(old != NULL);
375 
376 	va_start(ap, fmt);
377 	if (vasprintf(&new, fmt,ap) == -1)
378 		errx(1, "vasprintf");
379 	va_end(ap);
380 
381 	*dstp = new;
382 	if (asprintf(&new, "%s %s", old, new) == -1)
383 		errx(1, "asprintf");
384 	free(*dstp);
385 	free(old);
386 
387 	*dstp = new;
388 }
389 
390 /*
391  * If run-time debugging is enabled, print the expansion of 'fmt'.
392  * Otherwise, do nothing.
393  */
394 static void
395 debugprintf(const char *fmt, ...)
396 {
397 	va_list ap;
398 
399 	if (!debug)
400 		return;
401 	fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: ");
402 	va_start(ap, fmt);
403 	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
404 	va_end(ap);
405 	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
406 	fflush(stderr);
407 }
408 
409 /*
410  * Attach a memory disk with a known unit.
411  */
412 static void
413 do_mdconfig_attach(const char *args, const enum md_types mdtype)
414 {
415 	int rv;
416 	const char *ta;		/* Type arg. */
417 
418 	switch (mdtype) {
419 	case MD_SWAP:
420 		ta = "-t swap";
421 		break;
422 	case MD_VNODE:
423 		ta = "-t vnode";
424 		break;
425 	case MD_MALLOC:
426 		ta = "-t malloc";
427 		break;
428 	default:
429 		abort();
430 	}
431 	rv = run(NULL, "%s -a %s%s -u %s%d", path_mdconfig, ta, args,
432 	    mdname, unit);
433 	if (rv)
434 		errx(1, "mdconfig (attach) exited with error code %d", rv);
435 }
436 
437 /*
438  * Attach a memory disk with an unknown unit; use autounit.
439  */
440 static void
441 do_mdconfig_attach_au(const char *args, const enum md_types mdtype)
442 {
443 	const char *ta;		/* Type arg. */
444 	char *linep, *linebuf; 	/* Line pointer, line buffer. */
445 	int fd;			/* Standard output of mdconfig invocation. */
446 	FILE *sfd;
447 	int rv;
448 	char *p;
449 	size_t linelen;
450 	unsigned long ul;
451 
452 	switch (mdtype) {
453 	case MD_SWAP:
454 		ta = "-t swap";
455 		break;
456 	case MD_VNODE:
457 		ta = "-t vnode";
458 		break;
459 	case MD_MALLOC:
460 		ta = "-t malloc";
461 		break;
462 	default:
463 		abort();
464 	}
465 	rv = run(&fd, "%s -a %s%s", path_mdconfig, ta, args);
466 	if (rv)
467 		errx(1, "mdconfig (attach) exited with error code %d", rv);
468 
469 	/* Receive the unit number. */
470 	if (norun) {	/* Since we didn't run, we can't read.  Fake it. */
471 		unit = 0;
472 		return;
473 	}
474 	sfd = fdopen(fd, "r");
475 	if (sfd == NULL)
476 		err(1, "fdopen");
477 	linep = fgetln(sfd, &linelen);
478 	if (linep == NULL && linelen < mdnamelen + 1)
479 		errx(1, "unexpected output from mdconfig (attach)");
480 	/* If the output format changes, we want to know about it. */
481 	assert(strncmp(linep, mdname, mdnamelen) == 0);
482 	linebuf = malloc(linelen - mdnamelen + 1);
483 	assert(linebuf != NULL);
484 	/* Can't use strlcpy because linep is not NULL-terminated. */
485 	strncpy(linebuf, linep + mdnamelen, linelen);
486 	linebuf[linelen] = '\0';
487 	ul = strtoul(linebuf, &p, 10);
488 	if (ul == ULONG_MAX || *p != '\n')
489 		errx(1, "unexpected output from mdconfig (attach)");
490 	unit = ul;
491 
492 	fclose(sfd);
493 	close(fd);
494 }
495 
496 /*
497  * Detach a memory disk.
498  */
499 static void
500 do_mdconfig_detach(void)
501 {
502 	int rv;
503 
504 	rv = run(NULL, "%s -d -u %s%d", path_mdconfig, mdname, unit);
505 	if (rv && debug)	/* This is allowed to fail. */
506 		warnx("mdconfig (detach) exited with error code %d (ignored)",
507 		    rv);
508 }
509 
510 /*
511  * Mount the configured memory disk.
512  */
513 static void
514 do_mount_md(const char *args, const char *mtpoint)
515 {
516 	int rv;
517 
518 	rv = run(NULL, "%s%s /dev/%s%d%s %s", _PATH_MOUNT, args,
519 	    mdname, unit, mdsuffix, mtpoint);
520 	if (rv)
521 		errx(1, "mount exited with error code %d", rv);
522 }
523 
524 /*
525  * Mount the configured tmpfs.
526  */
527 static void
528 do_mount_tmpfs(const char *args, const char *mtpoint)
529 {
530 	int rv;
531 
532 	rv = run(NULL, "%s -t tmpfs %s tmp %s", _PATH_MOUNT, args, mtpoint);
533 	if (rv)
534 		errx(1, "tmpfs mount exited with error code %d", rv);
535 }
536 
537 /*
538  * Various configuration of the mountpoint.  Mostly, enact 'mip'.
539  */
540 static void
541 do_mtptsetup(const char *mtpoint, struct mtpt_info *mip)
542 {
543 	struct statfs sfs;
544 
545 	if (!mip->mi_have_mode && !mip->mi_have_uid && !mip->mi_have_gid)
546 		return;
547 
548 	if (!norun) {
549 		if (statfs(mtpoint, &sfs) == -1) {
550 			warn("statfs: %s", mtpoint);
551 			return;
552 		}
553 		if ((sfs.f_flags & MNT_RDONLY) != 0) {
554 			if (mip->mi_forced_pw) {
555 				warnx(
556 	"Not changing mode/owner of %s since it is read-only",
557 				    mtpoint);
558 			} else {
559 				debugprintf(
560 	"Not changing mode/owner of %s since it is read-only",
561 				    mtpoint);
562 			}
563 			return;
564 		}
565 	}
566 
567 	if (mip->mi_have_mode) {
568 		debugprintf("changing mode of %s to %o.", mtpoint,
569 		    mip->mi_mode);
570 		if (!norun)
571 			if (chmod(mtpoint, mip->mi_mode) == -1)
572 				err(1, "chmod: %s", mtpoint);
573 	}
574 	/*
575 	 * We have to do these separately because the user may have
576 	 * only specified one of them.
577 	 */
578 	if (mip->mi_have_uid) {
579 		debugprintf("changing owner (user) or %s to %u.", mtpoint,
580 		    mip->mi_uid);
581 		if (!norun)
582 			if (chown(mtpoint, mip->mi_uid, -1) == -1)
583 				err(1, "chown %s to %u (user)", mtpoint,
584 				    mip->mi_uid);
585 	}
586 	if (mip->mi_have_gid) {
587 		debugprintf("changing owner (group) or %s to %u.", mtpoint,
588 		    mip->mi_gid);
589 		if (!norun)
590 			if (chown(mtpoint, -1, mip->mi_gid) == -1)
591 				err(1, "chown %s to %u (group)", mtpoint,
592 				    mip->mi_gid);
593 	}
594 }
595 
596 /*
597  * Put a file system on the memory disk.
598  */
599 static void
600 do_newfs(const char *args)
601 {
602 	int rv;
603 
604 	rv = run(NULL, "%s%s /dev/%s%d", _PATH_NEWFS, args, mdname, unit);
605 	if (rv)
606 		errx(1, "newfs exited with error code %d", rv);
607 }
608 
609 /*
610  * 'str' should be a user and group name similar to the last argument
611  * to chown(1); i.e., a user, followed by a colon, followed by a
612  * group.  The user and group in 'str' may be either a [ug]id or a
613  * name.  Upon return, the uid and gid fields in 'mip' will contain
614  * the uid and gid of the user and group name in 'str', respectively.
615  *
616  * In other words, this derives a user and group id from a string
617  * formatted like the last argument to chown(1).
618  *
619  * Notice: At this point we don't support only a username or only a
620  * group name. do_mtptsetup already does, so when this feature is
621  * desired, this is the only routine that needs to be changed.
622  */
623 static void
624 extract_ugid(const char *str, struct mtpt_info *mip)
625 {
626 	char *ug;			/* Writable 'str'. */
627 	char *user, *group;		/* Result of extracton. */
628 	struct passwd *pw;
629 	struct group *gr;
630 	char *p;
631 	uid_t *uid;
632 	gid_t *gid;
633 
634 	uid = &mip->mi_uid;
635 	gid = &mip->mi_gid;
636 	mip->mi_have_uid = mip->mi_have_gid = false;
637 
638 	/* Extract the user and group from 'str'.  Format above. */
639 	ug = strdup(str);
640 	assert(ug != NULL);
641 	group = ug;
642 	user = strsep(&group, ":");
643 	if (user == NULL || group == NULL || *user == '\0' || *group == '\0')
644 		usage();
645 
646 	/* Derive uid. */
647 	*uid = strtoul(user, &p, 10);
648 	if (*uid == (uid_t)ULONG_MAX)
649 		usage();
650 	if (*p != '\0') {
651 		pw = getpwnam(user);
652 		if (pw == NULL)
653 			errx(1, "invalid user: %s", user);
654 		*uid = pw->pw_uid;
655 	}
656 	mip->mi_have_uid = true;
657 
658 	/* Derive gid. */
659 	*gid = strtoul(group, &p, 10);
660 	if (*gid == (gid_t)ULONG_MAX)
661 		usage();
662 	if (*p != '\0') {
663 		gr = getgrnam(group);
664 		if (gr == NULL)
665 			errx(1, "invalid group: %s", group);
666 		*gid = gr->gr_gid;
667 	}
668 	mip->mi_have_gid = true;
669 
670 	free(ug);
671 }
672 
673 /*
674  * Run a process with command name and arguments pointed to by the
675  * formatted string 'cmdline'.  Since system(3) is not used, the first
676  * space-delimited token of 'cmdline' must be the full pathname of the
677  * program to run.  The return value is the return code of the process
678  * spawned.  If 'ofd' is non-NULL, it is set to the standard output of
679  * the program spawned (i.e., you can read from ofd and get the output
680  * of the program).
681  */
682 static int
683 run(int *ofd, const char *cmdline, ...)
684 {
685 	char **argv, **argvp;		/* Result of splitting 'cmd'. */
686 	int argc;
687 	char *cmd;			/* Expansion of 'cmdline'. */
688 	int pid, status;		/* Child info. */
689 	int pfd[2];			/* Pipe to the child. */
690 	int nfd;			/* Null (/dev/null) file descriptor. */
691 	bool dup2dn;			/* Dup /dev/null to stdout? */
692 	va_list ap;
693 	char *p;
694 	int rv, i;
695 
696 	dup2dn = true;
697 	va_start(ap, cmdline);
698 	rv = vasprintf(&cmd, cmdline, ap);
699 	if (rv == -1)
700 		err(1, "vasprintf");
701 	va_end(ap);
702 
703 	/* Split up 'cmd' into 'argv' for use with execve. */
704 	for (argc = 1, p = cmd; (p = strchr(p, ' ')) != NULL; p++)
705 		argc++;		/* 'argc' generation loop. */
706 	argv = (char **)malloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 1));
707 	assert(argv != NULL);
708 	for (p = cmd, argvp = argv; (*argvp = strsep(&p, " ")) != NULL;)
709 		if (**argvp != '\0')
710 			if (++argvp >= &argv[argc]) {
711 				*argvp = NULL;
712 				break;
713 			}
714 	assert(*argv);
715 	/* The argv array ends up NULL-terminated here. */
716 
717 	/* Make sure the above loop works as expected. */
718 	if (debug) {
719 		/*
720 		 * We can't, but should, use debugprintf here.  First,
721 		 * it appends a trailing newline to the output, and
722 		 * second it prepends "DEBUG: " to the output.  The
723 		 * former is a problem for this would-be first call,
724 		 * and the latter for the would-be call inside the
725 		 * loop.
726 		 */
727 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: running:");
728 		/* Should be equivalent to 'cmd' (before strsep, of course). */
729 		for (i = 0; argv[i] != NULL; i++)
730 			(void)fprintf(stderr, " %s", argv[i]);
731 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
732 	}
733 
734 	/* Create a pipe if necessary and fork the helper program. */
735 	if (ofd != NULL) {
736 		if (pipe(&pfd[0]) == -1)
737 			err(1, "pipe");
738 		*ofd = pfd[0];
739 		dup2dn = false;
740 	}
741 	pid = fork();
742 	switch (pid) {
743 	case 0:
744 		/* XXX can we call err() in here? */
745 		if (norun)
746 			_exit(0);
747 		if (ofd != NULL)
748 			if (dup2(pfd[1], STDOUT_FILENO) < 0)
749 				err(1, "dup2");
750 		if (!loudsubs) {
751 			nfd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR);
752 			if (nfd == -1)
753 				err(1, "open: %s", _PATH_DEVNULL);
754 			if (dup2(nfd, STDIN_FILENO) < 0)
755 				err(1, "dup2");
756 			if (dup2dn)
757 				if (dup2(nfd, STDOUT_FILENO) < 0)
758 				   err(1, "dup2");
759 			if (dup2(nfd, STDERR_FILENO) < 0)
760 				err(1, "dup2");
761 		}
762 
763 		(void)execv(argv[0], argv);
764 		warn("exec: %s", argv[0]);
765 		_exit(-1);
766 	case -1:
767 		err(1, "fork");
768 	}
769 
770 	free(cmd);
771 	free(argv);
772 	while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) != pid)
773 		;
774 	return (WEXITSTATUS(status));
775 }
776 
777 static void
778 usage(void)
779 {
780 
781 	fprintf(stderr,
782 "usage: %s [-DLlMNnPStUX] [-a maxcontig] [-b block-size]\n"
783 "\t[-c blocks-per-cylinder-group][-d max-extent-size] [-E path-mdconfig]\n"
784 "\t[-e maxbpg] [-F file] [-f frag-size] [-i bytes] [-m percent-free]\n"
785 "\t[-O optimization] [-o mount-options]\n"
786 "\t[-p permissions] [-s size] [-v version] [-w user:group]\n"
787 "\tmd-device mount-point\n", getprogname());
788 	exit(1);
789 }
790