xref: /freebsd/sbin/mdmfs/mdmfs.c (revision 6ae1554a5d9b318f8ad53ccc39fa5a961403da73)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2001 Dima Dorfman.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 /*
28  * mdmfs (md/MFS) is a wrapper around mdconfig(8),
29  * newfs(8), and mount(8) that mimics the command line option set of
30  * the deprecated mount_mfs(8).
31  */
32 
33 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
34 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
35 
36 #include <sys/param.h>
37 #include <sys/mdioctl.h>
38 #include <sys/mount.h>
39 #include <sys/stat.h>
40 #include <sys/wait.h>
41 
42 #include <assert.h>
43 #include <err.h>
44 #include <fcntl.h>
45 #include <grp.h>
46 #include <paths.h>
47 #include <pwd.h>
48 #include <stdarg.h>
49 #include <stdio.h>
50 #include <stdlib.h>
51 #include <string.h>
52 #include <ctype.h>
53 #include <unistd.h>
54 
55 typedef enum { false, true } bool;
56 
57 struct mtpt_info {
58 	uid_t		 mi_uid;
59 	bool		 mi_have_uid;
60 	gid_t		 mi_gid;
61 	bool		 mi_have_gid;
62 	mode_t		 mi_mode;
63 	bool		 mi_have_mode;
64 	bool		 mi_forced_pw;
65 };
66 
67 static	bool debug;		/* Emit debugging information? */
68 static	bool loudsubs;		/* Suppress output from helper programs? */
69 static	bool norun;		/* Actually run the helper programs? */
70 static	int unit;      		/* The unit we're working with. */
71 static	const char *mdname;	/* Name of memory disk device (e.g., "md"). */
72 static	const char *mdsuffix;	/* Suffix of memory disk device (e.g., ".uzip"). */
73 static	size_t mdnamelen;	/* Length of mdname. */
74 static	const char *path_mdconfig =_PATH_MDCONFIG;
75 
76 static void	 argappend(char **, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
77 static void	 debugprintf(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
78 static void	 do_mdconfig_attach(const char *, const enum md_types);
79 static void	 do_mdconfig_attach_au(const char *, const enum md_types);
80 static void	 do_mdconfig_detach(void);
81 static void	 do_mount(const char *, const char *);
82 static void	 do_mtptsetup(const char *, struct mtpt_info *);
83 static void	 do_newfs(const char *);
84 static void	 extract_ugid(const char *, struct mtpt_info *);
85 static int	 run(int *, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
86 static void	 usage(void);
87 
88 int
89 main(int argc, char **argv)
90 {
91 	struct mtpt_info mi;		/* Mountpoint info. */
92 	char *mdconfig_arg, *newfs_arg,	/* Args to helper programs. */
93 	    *mount_arg;
94 	enum md_types mdtype;		/* The type of our memory disk. */
95 	bool have_mdtype;
96 	bool detach, softdep, autounit, newfs;
97 	char *mtpoint, *unitstr;
98 	char *p;
99 	int ch;
100 	void *set;
101 	unsigned long ul;
102 
103 	/* Misc. initialization. */
104 	(void)memset(&mi, '\0', sizeof(mi));
105 	detach = true;
106 	softdep = true;
107 	autounit = false;
108 	newfs = true;
109 	have_mdtype = false;
110 	mdtype = MD_SWAP;
111 	mdname = MD_NAME;
112 	mdnamelen = strlen(mdname);
113 	/*
114 	 * Can't set these to NULL.  They may be passed to the
115 	 * respective programs without modification.  I.e., we may not
116 	 * receive any command-line options which will caused them to
117 	 * be modified.
118 	 */
119 	mdconfig_arg = strdup("");
120 	newfs_arg = strdup("");
121 	mount_arg = strdup("");
122 
123 	/* If we were started as mount_mfs or mfs, imply -C. */
124 	if (strcmp(getprogname(), "mount_mfs") == 0 ||
125 	    strcmp(getprogname(), "mfs") == 0) {
126 		/* Make compatibility assumptions. */
127 		mi.mi_mode = 01777;
128 		mi.mi_have_mode = true;
129 	}
130 
131 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
132 	    "a:b:Cc:Dd:E:e:F:f:hi:LlMm:NnO:o:Pp:Ss:tUv:w:X")) != -1)
133 		switch (ch) {
134 		case 'a':
135 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-a %s", optarg);
136 			break;
137 		case 'b':
138 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-b %s", optarg);
139 			break;
140 		case 'C':
141 			/* Ignored for compatibility. */
142 			break;
143 		case 'c':
144 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-c %s", optarg);
145 			break;
146 		case 'D':
147 			detach = false;
148 			break;
149 		case 'd':
150 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-d %s", optarg);
151 			break;
152 		case 'E':
153 			path_mdconfig = optarg;
154 			break;
155 		case 'e':
156 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-e %s", optarg);
157 			break;
158 		case 'F':
159 			if (have_mdtype)
160 				usage();
161 			mdtype = MD_VNODE;
162 			have_mdtype = true;
163 			argappend(&mdconfig_arg, "-f %s", optarg);
164 			break;
165 		case 'f':
166 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-f %s", optarg);
167 			break;
168 		case 'h':
169 			usage();
170 			break;
171 		case 'i':
172 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-i %s", optarg);
173 			break;
174 		case 'L':
175 			loudsubs = true;
176 			break;
177 		case 'l':
178 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-l");
179 			break;
180 		case 'M':
181 			if (have_mdtype)
182 				usage();
183 			mdtype = MD_MALLOC;
184 			have_mdtype = true;
185 			break;
186 		case 'm':
187 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-m %s", optarg);
188 			break;
189 		case 'N':
190 			norun = true;
191 			break;
192 		case 'n':
193 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-n");
194 			break;
195 		case 'O':
196 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-o %s", optarg);
197 			break;
198 		case 'o':
199 			argappend(&mount_arg, "-o %s", optarg);
200 			break;
201 		case 'P':
202 			newfs = false;
203 			break;
204 		case 'p':
205 			if ((set = setmode(optarg)) == NULL)
206 				usage();
207 			mi.mi_mode = getmode(set, S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO);
208 			mi.mi_have_mode = true;
209 			mi.mi_forced_pw = true;
210 			free(set);
211 			break;
212 		case 'S':
213 			softdep = false;
214 			break;
215 		case 's':
216 			argappend(&mdconfig_arg, "-s %s", optarg);
217 			break;
218 		case 't':
219 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-t");
220 			break;
221 		case 'U':
222 			softdep = true;
223 			break;
224 		case 'v':
225 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-O %s", optarg);
226 			break;
227 		case 'w':
228 			extract_ugid(optarg, &mi);
229 			mi.mi_forced_pw = true;
230 			break;
231 		case 'X':
232 			debug = true;
233 			break;
234 		default:
235 			usage();
236 		}
237 	argc -= optind;
238 	argv += optind;
239 	if (argc < 2)
240 		usage();
241 
242 	/* Derive 'unit' (global). */
243 	unitstr = argv[0];
244 	if (strncmp(unitstr, "/dev/", 5) == 0)
245 		unitstr += 5;
246 	if (strncmp(unitstr, mdname, mdnamelen) == 0)
247 		unitstr += mdnamelen;
248 	if (!isdigit(*unitstr)) {
249 		autounit = true;
250 		unit = -1;
251 		mdsuffix = unitstr;
252 	} else {
253 		ul = strtoul(unitstr, &p, 10);
254 		if (ul == ULONG_MAX)
255 			errx(1, "bad device unit: %s", unitstr);
256 		unit = ul;
257 		mdsuffix = p;	/* can be empty */
258 	}
259 
260 	mtpoint = argv[1];
261 	if (!have_mdtype)
262 		mdtype = MD_SWAP;
263 	if (softdep)
264 		argappend(&newfs_arg, "-U");
265 	if (mdtype != MD_VNODE && !newfs)
266 		errx(1, "-P requires a vnode-backed disk");
267 
268 	/* Do the work. */
269 	if (detach && !autounit)
270 		do_mdconfig_detach();
271 	if (autounit)
272 		do_mdconfig_attach_au(mdconfig_arg, mdtype);
273 	else
274 		do_mdconfig_attach(mdconfig_arg, mdtype);
275 	if (newfs)
276 		do_newfs(newfs_arg);
277 	do_mount(mount_arg, mtpoint);
278 	do_mtptsetup(mtpoint, &mi);
279 
280 	return (0);
281 }
282 
283 /*
284  * Append the expansion of 'fmt' to the buffer pointed to by '*dstp';
285  * reallocate as required.
286  */
287 static void
288 argappend(char **dstp, const char *fmt, ...)
289 {
290 	char *old, *new;
291 	va_list ap;
292 
293 	old = *dstp;
294 	assert(old != NULL);
295 
296 	va_start(ap, fmt);
297 	if (vasprintf(&new, fmt,ap) == -1)
298 		errx(1, "vasprintf");
299 	va_end(ap);
300 
301 	*dstp = new;
302 	if (asprintf(&new, "%s %s", old, new) == -1)
303 		errx(1, "asprintf");
304 	free(*dstp);
305 	free(old);
306 
307 	*dstp = new;
308 }
309 
310 /*
311  * If run-time debugging is enabled, print the expansion of 'fmt'.
312  * Otherwise, do nothing.
313  */
314 static void
315 debugprintf(const char *fmt, ...)
316 {
317 	va_list ap;
318 
319 	if (!debug)
320 		return;
321 	fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: ");
322 	va_start(ap, fmt);
323 	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
324 	va_end(ap);
325 	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
326 	fflush(stderr);
327 }
328 
329 /*
330  * Attach a memory disk with a known unit.
331  */
332 static void
333 do_mdconfig_attach(const char *args, const enum md_types mdtype)
334 {
335 	int rv;
336 	const char *ta;		/* Type arg. */
337 
338 	switch (mdtype) {
339 	case MD_SWAP:
340 		ta = "-t swap";
341 		break;
342 	case MD_VNODE:
343 		ta = "-t vnode";
344 		break;
345 	case MD_MALLOC:
346 		ta = "-t malloc";
347 		break;
348 	default:
349 		abort();
350 	}
351 	rv = run(NULL, "%s -a %s%s -u %s%d", path_mdconfig, ta, args,
352 	    mdname, unit);
353 	if (rv)
354 		errx(1, "mdconfig (attach) exited with error code %d", rv);
355 }
356 
357 /*
358  * Attach a memory disk with an unknown unit; use autounit.
359  */
360 static void
361 do_mdconfig_attach_au(const char *args, const enum md_types mdtype)
362 {
363 	const char *ta;		/* Type arg. */
364 	char *linep, *linebuf; 	/* Line pointer, line buffer. */
365 	int fd;			/* Standard output of mdconfig invocation. */
366 	FILE *sfd;
367 	int rv;
368 	char *p;
369 	size_t linelen;
370 	unsigned long ul;
371 
372 	switch (mdtype) {
373 	case MD_SWAP:
374 		ta = "-t swap";
375 		break;
376 	case MD_VNODE:
377 		ta = "-t vnode";
378 		break;
379 	case MD_MALLOC:
380 		ta = "-t malloc";
381 		break;
382 	default:
383 		abort();
384 	}
385 	rv = run(&fd, "%s -a %s%s", path_mdconfig, ta, args);
386 	if (rv)
387 		errx(1, "mdconfig (attach) exited with error code %d", rv);
388 
389 	/* Receive the unit number. */
390 	if (norun) {	/* Since we didn't run, we can't read.  Fake it. */
391 		unit = 0;
392 		return;
393 	}
394 	sfd = fdopen(fd, "r");
395 	if (sfd == NULL)
396 		err(1, "fdopen");
397 	linep = fgetln(sfd, &linelen);
398 	if (linep == NULL && linelen < mdnamelen + 1)
399 		errx(1, "unexpected output from mdconfig (attach)");
400 	/* If the output format changes, we want to know about it. */
401 	assert(strncmp(linep, mdname, mdnamelen) == 0);
402 	linebuf = malloc(linelen - mdnamelen + 1);
403 	assert(linebuf != NULL);
404 	/* Can't use strlcpy because linep is not NULL-terminated. */
405 	strncpy(linebuf, linep + mdnamelen, linelen);
406 	linebuf[linelen] = '\0';
407 	ul = strtoul(linebuf, &p, 10);
408 	if (ul == ULONG_MAX || *p != '\n')
409 		errx(1, "unexpected output from mdconfig (attach)");
410 	unit = ul;
411 
412 	fclose(sfd);
413 	close(fd);
414 }
415 
416 /*
417  * Detach a memory disk.
418  */
419 static void
420 do_mdconfig_detach(void)
421 {
422 	int rv;
423 
424 	rv = run(NULL, "%s -d -u %s%d", path_mdconfig, mdname, unit);
425 	if (rv && debug)	/* This is allowed to fail. */
426 		warnx("mdconfig (detach) exited with error code %d (ignored)",
427 		    rv);
428 }
429 
430 /*
431  * Mount the configured memory disk.
432  */
433 static void
434 do_mount(const char *args, const char *mtpoint)
435 {
436 	int rv;
437 
438 	rv = run(NULL, "%s%s /dev/%s%d%s %s", _PATH_MOUNT, args,
439 	    mdname, unit, mdsuffix, mtpoint);
440 	if (rv)
441 		errx(1, "mount exited with error code %d", rv);
442 }
443 
444 /*
445  * Various configuration of the mountpoint.  Mostly, enact 'mip'.
446  */
447 static void
448 do_mtptsetup(const char *mtpoint, struct mtpt_info *mip)
449 {
450 	struct statfs sfs;
451 
452 	if (!mip->mi_have_mode && !mip->mi_have_uid && !mip->mi_have_gid)
453 		return;
454 
455 	if (!norun) {
456 		if (statfs(mtpoint, &sfs) == -1) {
457 			warn("statfs: %s", mtpoint);
458 			return;
459 		}
460 		if ((sfs.f_flags & MNT_RDONLY) != 0) {
461 			if (mip->mi_forced_pw) {
462 				warnx(
463 	"Not changing mode/owner of %s since it is read-only",
464 				    mtpoint);
465 			} else {
466 				debugprintf(
467 	"Not changing mode/owner of %s since it is read-only",
468 				    mtpoint);
469 			}
470 			return;
471 		}
472 	}
473 
474 	if (mip->mi_have_mode) {
475 		debugprintf("changing mode of %s to %o.", mtpoint,
476 		    mip->mi_mode);
477 		if (!norun)
478 			if (chmod(mtpoint, mip->mi_mode) == -1)
479 				err(1, "chmod: %s", mtpoint);
480 	}
481 	/*
482 	 * We have to do these separately because the user may have
483 	 * only specified one of them.
484 	 */
485 	if (mip->mi_have_uid) {
486 		debugprintf("changing owner (user) or %s to %u.", mtpoint,
487 		    mip->mi_uid);
488 		if (!norun)
489 			if (chown(mtpoint, mip->mi_uid, -1) == -1)
490 				err(1, "chown %s to %u (user)", mtpoint,
491 				    mip->mi_uid);
492 	}
493 	if (mip->mi_have_gid) {
494 		debugprintf("changing owner (group) or %s to %u.", mtpoint,
495 		    mip->mi_gid);
496 		if (!norun)
497 			if (chown(mtpoint, -1, mip->mi_gid) == -1)
498 				err(1, "chown %s to %u (group)", mtpoint,
499 				    mip->mi_gid);
500 	}
501 }
502 
503 /*
504  * Put a file system on the memory disk.
505  */
506 static void
507 do_newfs(const char *args)
508 {
509 	int rv;
510 
511 	rv = run(NULL, "%s%s /dev/%s%d", _PATH_NEWFS, args, mdname, unit);
512 	if (rv)
513 		errx(1, "newfs exited with error code %d", rv);
514 }
515 
516 /*
517  * 'str' should be a user and group name similar to the last argument
518  * to chown(1); i.e., a user, followed by a colon, followed by a
519  * group.  The user and group in 'str' may be either a [ug]id or a
520  * name.  Upon return, the uid and gid fields in 'mip' will contain
521  * the uid and gid of the user and group name in 'str', respectively.
522  *
523  * In other words, this derives a user and group id from a string
524  * formatted like the last argument to chown(1).
525  *
526  * Notice: At this point we don't support only a username or only a
527  * group name. do_mtptsetup already does, so when this feature is
528  * desired, this is the only routine that needs to be changed.
529  */
530 static void
531 extract_ugid(const char *str, struct mtpt_info *mip)
532 {
533 	char *ug;			/* Writable 'str'. */
534 	char *user, *group;		/* Result of extracton. */
535 	struct passwd *pw;
536 	struct group *gr;
537 	char *p;
538 	uid_t *uid;
539 	gid_t *gid;
540 
541 	uid = &mip->mi_uid;
542 	gid = &mip->mi_gid;
543 	mip->mi_have_uid = mip->mi_have_gid = false;
544 
545 	/* Extract the user and group from 'str'.  Format above. */
546 	ug = strdup(str);
547 	assert(ug != NULL);
548 	group = ug;
549 	user = strsep(&group, ":");
550 	if (user == NULL || group == NULL || *user == '\0' || *group == '\0')
551 		usage();
552 
553 	/* Derive uid. */
554 	*uid = strtoul(user, &p, 10);
555 	if (*uid == (uid_t)ULONG_MAX)
556 		usage();
557 	if (*p != '\0') {
558 		pw = getpwnam(user);
559 		if (pw == NULL)
560 			errx(1, "invalid user: %s", user);
561 		*uid = pw->pw_uid;
562 	}
563 	mip->mi_have_uid = true;
564 
565 	/* Derive gid. */
566 	*gid = strtoul(group, &p, 10);
567 	if (*gid == (gid_t)ULONG_MAX)
568 		usage();
569 	if (*p != '\0') {
570 		gr = getgrnam(group);
571 		if (gr == NULL)
572 			errx(1, "invalid group: %s", group);
573 		*gid = gr->gr_gid;
574 	}
575 	mip->mi_have_gid = true;
576 
577 	free(ug);
578 }
579 
580 /*
581  * Run a process with command name and arguments pointed to by the
582  * formatted string 'cmdline'.  Since system(3) is not used, the first
583  * space-delimited token of 'cmdline' must be the full pathname of the
584  * program to run.  The return value is the return code of the process
585  * spawned.  If 'ofd' is non-NULL, it is set to the standard output of
586  * the program spawned (i.e., you can read from ofd and get the output
587  * of the program).
588  */
589 static int
590 run(int *ofd, const char *cmdline, ...)
591 {
592 	char **argv, **argvp;		/* Result of splitting 'cmd'. */
593 	int argc;
594 	char *cmd;			/* Expansion of 'cmdline'. */
595 	int pid, status;		/* Child info. */
596 	int pfd[2];			/* Pipe to the child. */
597 	int nfd;			/* Null (/dev/null) file descriptor. */
598 	bool dup2dn;			/* Dup /dev/null to stdout? */
599 	va_list ap;
600 	char *p;
601 	int rv, i;
602 
603 	dup2dn = true;
604 	va_start(ap, cmdline);
605 	rv = vasprintf(&cmd, cmdline, ap);
606 	if (rv == -1)
607 		err(1, "vasprintf");
608 	va_end(ap);
609 
610 	/* Split up 'cmd' into 'argv' for use with execve. */
611 	for (argc = 1, p = cmd; (p = strchr(p, ' ')) != NULL; p++)
612 		argc++;		/* 'argc' generation loop. */
613 	argv = (char **)malloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 1));
614 	assert(argv != NULL);
615 	for (p = cmd, argvp = argv; (*argvp = strsep(&p, " ")) != NULL;)
616 		if (**argvp != '\0')
617 			if (++argvp >= &argv[argc]) {
618 				*argvp = NULL;
619 				break;
620 			}
621 	assert(*argv);
622 	/* The argv array ends up NULL-terminated here. */
623 
624 	/* Make sure the above loop works as expected. */
625 	if (debug) {
626 		/*
627 		 * We can't, but should, use debugprintf here.  First,
628 		 * it appends a trailing newline to the output, and
629 		 * second it prepends "DEBUG: " to the output.  The
630 		 * former is a problem for this would-be first call,
631 		 * and the latter for the would-be call inside the
632 		 * loop.
633 		 */
634 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: running:");
635 		/* Should be equivalent to 'cmd' (before strsep, of course). */
636 		for (i = 0; argv[i] != NULL; i++)
637 			(void)fprintf(stderr, " %s", argv[i]);
638 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
639 	}
640 
641 	/* Create a pipe if necessary and fork the helper program. */
642 	if (ofd != NULL) {
643 		if (pipe(&pfd[0]) == -1)
644 			err(1, "pipe");
645 		*ofd = pfd[0];
646 		dup2dn = false;
647 	}
648 	pid = fork();
649 	switch (pid) {
650 	case 0:
651 		/* XXX can we call err() in here? */
652 		if (norun)
653 			_exit(0);
654 		if (ofd != NULL)
655 			if (dup2(pfd[1], STDOUT_FILENO) < 0)
656 				err(1, "dup2");
657 		if (!loudsubs) {
658 			nfd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR);
659 			if (nfd == -1)
660 				err(1, "open: %s", _PATH_DEVNULL);
661 			if (dup2(nfd, STDIN_FILENO) < 0)
662 				err(1, "dup2");
663 			if (dup2dn)
664 				if (dup2(nfd, STDOUT_FILENO) < 0)
665 				   err(1, "dup2");
666 			if (dup2(nfd, STDERR_FILENO) < 0)
667 				err(1, "dup2");
668 		}
669 
670 		(void)execv(argv[0], argv);
671 		warn("exec: %s", argv[0]);
672 		_exit(-1);
673 	case -1:
674 		err(1, "fork");
675 	}
676 
677 	free(cmd);
678 	free(argv);
679 	while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) != pid)
680 		;
681 	return (WEXITSTATUS(status));
682 }
683 
684 static void
685 usage(void)
686 {
687 
688 	fprintf(stderr,
689 "usage: %s [-DLlMNnPStUX] [-a maxcontig] [-b block-size]\n"
690 "\t[-c blocks-per-cylinder-group][-d max-extent-size] [-E path-mdconfig]\n"
691 "\t[-e maxbpg] [-F file] [-f frag-size] [-i bytes] [-m percent-free]\n"
692 "\t[-O optimization] [-o mount-options]\n"
693 "\t[-p permissions] [-s size] [-v version] [-w user:group]\n"
694 "\tmd-device mount-point\n", getprogname());
695 	exit(1);
696 }
697