xref: /freebsd/sbin/ipfw/ipfw2.c (revision d086ded32300bc0f33fb1574d0bcfccfbc60881d)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2002 Luigi Rizzo
3  * Copyright (c) 1996 Alex Nash, Paul Traina, Poul-Henning Kamp
4  * Copyright (c) 1994 Ugen J.S.Antsilevich
5  *
6  * Idea and grammar partially left from:
7  * Copyright (c) 1993 Daniel Boulet
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source forms, with and without modification,
10  * are permitted provided that this entire comment appears intact.
11  *
12  * Redistribution in binary form may occur without any restrictions.
13  * Obviously, it would be nice if you gave credit where credit is due
14  * but requiring it would be too onerous.
15  *
16  * This software is provided ``AS IS'' without any warranties of any kind.
17  *
18  * NEW command line interface for IP firewall facility
19  *
20  * $FreeBSD$
21  */
22 
23 #include <sys/param.h>
24 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
25 #include <sys/socket.h>
26 #include <sys/sockio.h>
27 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
28 #include <sys/time.h>
29 #include <sys/wait.h>
30 
31 #include <ctype.h>
32 #include <err.h>
33 #include <errno.h>
34 #include <grp.h>
35 #include <limits.h>
36 #include <netdb.h>
37 #include <pwd.h>
38 #include <signal.h>
39 #include <stdio.h>
40 #include <stdlib.h>
41 #include <stdarg.h>
42 #include <string.h>
43 #include <timeconv.h>
44 #include <unistd.h>
45 #include <sysexits.h>
46 
47 #include <net/if.h>
48 #include <netinet/in.h>
49 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
50 #include <netinet/ip.h>
51 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
52 #include <netinet/ip_fw.h>
53 #include <net/route.h> /* def. of struct route */
54 #include <netinet/ip_dummynet.h>
55 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
56 #include <arpa/inet.h>
57 
58 int		s,			/* main RAW socket */
59 		do_resolv,		/* Would try to resolve all */
60 		do_acct,		/* Show packet/byte count */
61 		do_time,		/* Show time stamps */
62 		do_quiet,		/* Be quiet in add and flush */
63 		do_force,		/* Don't ask for confirmation */
64 		do_pipe,		/* this cmd refers to a pipe */
65 		do_sort,		/* field to sort results (0 = no) */
66 		do_dynamic,		/* display dynamic rules */
67 		do_expired,		/* display expired dynamic rules */
68 		do_compact,		/* show rules in compact mode */
69 		show_sets,		/* display rule sets */
70 		verbose;
71 
72 #define	IP_MASK_ALL	0xffffffff
73 
74 /*
75  * structure to hold flag names and associated values to be
76  * set in the appropriate masks.
77  * A NULL string terminates the array.
78  * Often, an element with 0 value contains an error string.
79  *
80  */
81 struct _s_x {
82 	char *s;
83 	int x;
84 };
85 
86 static struct _s_x f_tcpflags[] = {
87 	{ "syn", TH_SYN },
88 	{ "fin", TH_FIN },
89 	{ "ack", TH_ACK },
90 	{ "psh", TH_PUSH },
91 	{ "rst", TH_RST },
92 	{ "urg", TH_URG },
93 	{ "tcp flag", 0 },
94 	{ NULL,	0 }
95 };
96 
97 static struct _s_x f_tcpopts[] = {
98 	{ "mss",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_MSS },
99 	{ "maxseg",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_MSS },
100 	{ "window",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_WINDOW },
101 	{ "sack",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_SACK },
102 	{ "ts",		IP_FW_TCPOPT_TS },
103 	{ "timestamp",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_TS },
104 	{ "cc",		IP_FW_TCPOPT_CC },
105 	{ "tcp option",	0 },
106 	{ NULL,	0 }
107 };
108 
109 /*
110  * IP options span the range 0 to 255 so we need to remap them
111  * (though in fact only the low 5 bits are significant).
112  */
113 static struct _s_x f_ipopts[] = {
114 	{ "ssrr",	IP_FW_IPOPT_SSRR},
115 	{ "lsrr",	IP_FW_IPOPT_LSRR},
116 	{ "rr",		IP_FW_IPOPT_RR},
117 	{ "ts",		IP_FW_IPOPT_TS},
118 	{ "ip option",	0 },
119 	{ NULL,	0 }
120 };
121 
122 static struct _s_x f_iptos[] = {
123 	{ "lowdelay",	IPTOS_LOWDELAY},
124 	{ "throughput",	IPTOS_THROUGHPUT},
125 	{ "reliability", IPTOS_RELIABILITY},
126 	{ "mincost",	IPTOS_MINCOST},
127 	{ "congestion",	IPTOS_CE},
128 	{ "ecntransport", IPTOS_ECT},
129 	{ "ip tos option", 0},
130 	{ NULL,	0 }
131 };
132 
133 static struct _s_x limit_masks[] = {
134 	{"all",		DYN_SRC_ADDR|DYN_SRC_PORT|DYN_DST_ADDR|DYN_DST_PORT},
135 	{"src-addr",	DYN_SRC_ADDR},
136 	{"src-port",	DYN_SRC_PORT},
137 	{"dst-addr",	DYN_DST_ADDR},
138 	{"dst-port",	DYN_DST_PORT},
139 	{NULL,		0}
140 };
141 
142 /*
143  * we use IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE as a fake protocol id to call the print routines
144  * This is only used in this code.
145  */
146 #define IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE	0x1000
147 static struct _s_x ether_types[] = {
148     /*
149      * Note, we cannot use "-:&/" in the names because they are field
150      * separators in the type specifications. Also, we use s = NULL as
151      * end-delimiter, because a type of 0 can be legal.
152      */
153 	{ "ip",		0x0800 },
154 	{ "ipv4",	0x0800 },
155 	{ "ipv6",	0x86dd },
156 	{ "arp",	0x0806 },
157 	{ "rarp",	0x8035 },
158 	{ "vlan",	0x8100 },
159 	{ "loop",	0x9000 },
160 	{ "trail",	0x1000 },
161 	{ "at",		0x809b },
162 	{ "atalk",	0x809b },
163 	{ "aarp",	0x80f3 },
164 	{ "pppoe_disc",	0x8863 },
165 	{ "pppoe_sess",	0x8864 },
166 	{ "ipx_8022",	0x00E0 },
167 	{ "ipx_8023",	0x0000 },
168 	{ "ipx_ii",	0x8137 },
169 	{ "ipx_snap",	0x8137 },
170 	{ "ipx",	0x8137 },
171 	{ "ns",		0x0600 },
172 	{ NULL,		0 }
173 };
174 
175 static void show_usage(void);
176 
177 enum tokens {
178 	TOK_NULL=0,
179 
180 	TOK_OR,
181 	TOK_NOT,
182 	TOK_STARTBRACE,
183 	TOK_ENDBRACE,
184 
185 	TOK_ACCEPT,
186 	TOK_COUNT,
187 	TOK_PIPE,
188 	TOK_QUEUE,
189 	TOK_DIVERT,
190 	TOK_TEE,
191 	TOK_FORWARD,
192 	TOK_SKIPTO,
193 	TOK_DENY,
194 	TOK_REJECT,
195 	TOK_RESET,
196 	TOK_UNREACH,
197 	TOK_CHECKSTATE,
198 
199 	TOK_UID,
200 	TOK_GID,
201 	TOK_IN,
202 	TOK_LIMIT,
203 	TOK_KEEPSTATE,
204 	TOK_LAYER2,
205 	TOK_OUT,
206 	TOK_XMIT,
207 	TOK_RECV,
208 	TOK_VIA,
209 	TOK_FRAG,
210 	TOK_IPOPTS,
211 	TOK_IPLEN,
212 	TOK_IPID,
213 	TOK_IPPRECEDENCE,
214 	TOK_IPTOS,
215 	TOK_IPTTL,
216 	TOK_IPVER,
217 	TOK_ESTAB,
218 	TOK_SETUP,
219 	TOK_TCPFLAGS,
220 	TOK_TCPOPTS,
221 	TOK_TCPSEQ,
222 	TOK_TCPACK,
223 	TOK_TCPWIN,
224 	TOK_ICMPTYPES,
225 	TOK_MAC,
226 	TOK_MACTYPE,
227 	TOK_VERREVPATH,
228 
229 	TOK_PLR,
230 	TOK_NOERROR,
231 	TOK_BUCKETS,
232 	TOK_DSTIP,
233 	TOK_SRCIP,
234 	TOK_DSTPORT,
235 	TOK_SRCPORT,
236 	TOK_ALL,
237 	TOK_MASK,
238 	TOK_BW,
239 	TOK_DELAY,
240 	TOK_RED,
241 	TOK_GRED,
242 	TOK_DROPTAIL,
243 	TOK_PROTO,
244 	TOK_WEIGHT,
245 };
246 
247 struct _s_x dummynet_params[] = {
248 	{ "plr",		TOK_PLR },
249 	{ "noerror",		TOK_NOERROR },
250 	{ "buckets",		TOK_BUCKETS },
251 	{ "dst-ip",		TOK_DSTIP },
252 	{ "src-ip",		TOK_SRCIP },
253 	{ "dst-port",		TOK_DSTPORT },
254 	{ "src-port",		TOK_SRCPORT },
255 	{ "proto",		TOK_PROTO },
256 	{ "weight",		TOK_WEIGHT },
257 	{ "all",		TOK_ALL },
258 	{ "mask",		TOK_MASK },
259 	{ "droptail",		TOK_DROPTAIL },
260 	{ "red",		TOK_RED },
261 	{ "gred",		TOK_GRED },
262 	{ "bw",			TOK_BW },
263 	{ "bandwidth",		TOK_BW },
264 	{ "delay",		TOK_DELAY },
265 	{ "pipe",		TOK_PIPE },
266 	{ "queue",		TOK_QUEUE },
267 	{ "dummynet-params",	TOK_NULL },
268 	{ NULL, 0 }
269 };
270 
271 struct _s_x rule_actions[] = {
272 	{ "accept",		TOK_ACCEPT },
273 	{ "pass",		TOK_ACCEPT },
274 	{ "allow",		TOK_ACCEPT },
275 	{ "permit",		TOK_ACCEPT },
276 	{ "count",		TOK_COUNT },
277 	{ "pipe",		TOK_PIPE },
278 	{ "queue",		TOK_QUEUE },
279 	{ "divert",		TOK_DIVERT },
280 	{ "tee",		TOK_TEE },
281 	{ "fwd",		TOK_FORWARD },
282 	{ "forward",		TOK_FORWARD },
283 	{ "skipto",		TOK_SKIPTO },
284 	{ "deny",		TOK_DENY },
285 	{ "drop",		TOK_DENY },
286 	{ "reject",		TOK_REJECT },
287 	{ "reset",		TOK_RESET },
288 	{ "unreach",		TOK_UNREACH },
289 	{ "check-state",	TOK_CHECKSTATE },
290 	{ NULL,			TOK_NULL },
291 	{ NULL, 0 }
292 };
293 
294 struct _s_x rule_options[] = {
295 	{ "uid",		TOK_UID },
296 	{ "gid",		TOK_GID },
297 	{ "in",			TOK_IN },
298 	{ "limit",		TOK_LIMIT },
299 	{ "keep-state",		TOK_KEEPSTATE },
300 	{ "bridged",		TOK_LAYER2 },
301 	{ "layer2",		TOK_LAYER2 },
302 	{ "out",		TOK_OUT },
303 	{ "xmit",		TOK_XMIT },
304 	{ "recv",		TOK_RECV },
305 	{ "via",		TOK_VIA },
306 	{ "fragment",		TOK_FRAG },
307 	{ "frag",		TOK_FRAG },
308 	{ "ipoptions",		TOK_IPOPTS },
309 	{ "ipopts",		TOK_IPOPTS },
310 	{ "iplen",		TOK_IPLEN },
311 	{ "ipid",		TOK_IPID },
312 	{ "ipprecedence",	TOK_IPPRECEDENCE },
313 	{ "iptos",		TOK_IPTOS },
314 	{ "ipttl",		TOK_IPTTL },
315 	{ "ipversion",		TOK_IPVER },
316 	{ "ipver",		TOK_IPVER },
317 	{ "estab",		TOK_ESTAB },
318 	{ "established",	TOK_ESTAB },
319 	{ "setup",		TOK_SETUP },
320 	{ "tcpflags",		TOK_TCPFLAGS },
321 	{ "tcpflgs",		TOK_TCPFLAGS },
322 	{ "tcpoptions",		TOK_TCPOPTS },
323 	{ "tcpopts",		TOK_TCPOPTS },
324 	{ "tcpseq",		TOK_TCPSEQ },
325 	{ "tcpack",		TOK_TCPACK },
326 	{ "tcpwin",		TOK_TCPWIN },
327 	{ "icmptype",		TOK_ICMPTYPES },
328 	{ "icmptypes",		TOK_ICMPTYPES },
329 	{ "dst-ip",		TOK_DSTIP },
330 	{ "src-ip",		TOK_SRCIP },
331 	{ "dst-port",		TOK_DSTPORT },
332 	{ "src-port",		TOK_SRCPORT },
333 	{ "proto",		TOK_PROTO },
334 	{ "MAC",		TOK_MAC },
335 	{ "mac",		TOK_MAC },
336 	{ "mac-type",		TOK_MACTYPE },
337 	{ "verrevpath",		TOK_VERREVPATH },
338 
339 	{ "not",		TOK_NOT },		/* pseudo option */
340 	{ "!", /* escape ? */	TOK_NOT },		/* pseudo option */
341 	{ "or",			TOK_OR },		/* pseudo option */
342 	{ "|", /* escape */	TOK_OR },		/* pseudo option */
343 	{ "{",			TOK_STARTBRACE },	/* pseudo option */
344 	{ "(",			TOK_STARTBRACE },	/* pseudo option */
345 	{ "}",			TOK_ENDBRACE },		/* pseudo option */
346 	{ ")",			TOK_ENDBRACE },		/* pseudo option */
347 	{ NULL,			TOK_NULL },
348 	{ NULL, 0 }
349 };
350 
351 static __inline u_int64_t
352 align_uint64(u_int64_t *pll) {
353 	u_int64_t ret;
354 
355 	bcopy (pll, &ret, sizeof(ret));
356 	return ret;
357 };
358 
359 /**
360  * match_token takes a table and a string, returns the value associated
361  * with the string (0 meaning an error in most cases)
362  */
363 static int
364 match_token(struct _s_x *table, char *string)
365 {
366 	struct _s_x *pt;
367 	int i = strlen(string);
368 
369 	for (pt = table ; i && pt->s != NULL ; pt++)
370 		if (strlen(pt->s) == i && !bcmp(string, pt->s, i))
371 			return pt->x;
372 	return -1;
373 };
374 
375 static char *
376 match_value(struct _s_x *p, u_int32_t value)
377 {
378 	for (; p->s != NULL; p++)
379 		if (p->x == value)
380 			return p->s;
381 	return NULL;
382 }
383 
384 /*
385  * prints one port, symbolic or numeric
386  */
387 static void
388 print_port(int proto, u_int16_t port)
389 {
390 
391 	if (proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE) {
392 		char *s;
393 
394 		if (do_resolv && (s = match_value(ether_types, port)) )
395 			printf("%s", s);
396 		else
397 			printf("0x%04x", port);
398 	} else {
399 		struct servent *se = NULL;
400 		if (do_resolv) {
401 			struct protoent *pe = getprotobynumber(proto);
402 
403 			se = getservbyport(htons(port), pe ? pe->p_name : NULL);
404 		}
405 		if (se)
406 			printf("%s", se->s_name);
407 		else
408 			printf("%d", port);
409 	}
410 }
411 
412 /*
413  * print the values in a list of ports
414  * XXX todo: add support for mask.
415  */
416 static void
417 print_newports(ipfw_insn_u16 *cmd, int proto, int opcode)
418 {
419 	u_int16_t *p = cmd->ports;
420 	int i;
421 	char *sep= " ";
422 
423 	if (cmd->o.len & F_NOT)
424 		printf(" not");
425 	if (opcode != 0)
426 		printf ("%s", opcode == O_MAC_TYPE ? " mac-type" :
427 		    (opcode == O_IP_DSTPORT ? " dst-port" : " src-port"));
428 	for (i = F_LEN((ipfw_insn *)cmd) - 1; i > 0; i--, p += 2) {
429 		printf(sep);
430 		print_port(proto, p[0]);
431 		if (p[0] != p[1]) {
432 			printf("-");
433 			print_port(proto, p[1]);
434 		}
435 		sep = ",";
436 	}
437 }
438 
439 /*
440  * Like strtol, but also translates service names into port numbers
441  * for some protocols.
442  * In particular:
443  *	proto == -1 disables the protocol check;
444  *	proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE looks up an internal table
445  *	proto == <some value in /etc/protocols> matches the values there.
446  * Returns *end == s in case the parameter is not found.
447  */
448 static int
449 strtoport(char *s, char **end, int base, int proto)
450 {
451 	char *p, *buf;
452 	char *s1;
453 	int i;
454 
455 	*end = s;		/* default - not found */
456 	if ( *s == '\0')
457 		return 0;	/* not found */
458 
459 	if (isdigit(*s))
460 		return strtol(s, end, base);
461 
462 	/*
463 	 * find separator. '\\' escapes the next char.
464 	 */
465 	for (s1 = s; *s1 && (isalnum(*s1) || *s1 == '\\') ; s1++)
466 		if (*s1 == '\\' && s1[1] != '\0')
467 			s1++;
468 
469 	buf = malloc(s1 - s + 1);
470 	if (buf == NULL)
471 		return 0;
472 
473 	/*
474 	 * copy into a buffer skipping backslashes
475 	 */
476 	for (p = s, i = 0; p != s1 ; p++)
477 		if ( *p != '\\')
478 			buf[i++] = *p;
479 	buf[i++] = '\0';
480 
481 	if (proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE) {
482 		i = match_token(ether_types, buf);
483 		free(buf);
484 		if (i != -1) {	/* found */
485 			*end = s1;
486 			return i;
487 		}
488 	} else {
489 		struct protoent *pe = NULL;
490 		struct servent *se;
491 
492 		if (proto != 0)
493 			pe = getprotobynumber(proto);
494 		setservent(1);
495 		se = getservbyname(buf, pe ? pe->p_name : NULL);
496 		free(buf);
497 		if (se != NULL) {
498 			*end = s1;
499 			return ntohs(se->s_port);
500 		}
501 	}
502 	return 0;	/* not found */
503 }
504 
505 /*
506  * fill the body of the command with the list of port ranges.
507  * At the moment it only understands numeric ranges.
508  */
509 static int
510 fill_newports(ipfw_insn_u16 *cmd, char *av, int proto)
511 {
512 	u_int16_t *p = cmd->ports;
513 	int i = 0;
514 	char *s = av;
515 
516 	while (*s) {
517 		u_int16_t a, b;
518 
519 		a = strtoport(av, &s, 0, proto);
520 		if (s == av) /* no parameter */
521 			break;
522 		if (*s == '-') { /* a range */
523 			av = s+1;
524 			b = strtoport(av, &s, 0, proto);
525 			if (s == av) /* no parameter */
526 				break;
527 			p[0] = a;
528 			p[1] = b;
529 		} else if (*s == ',' || *s == '\0' ) {
530 			p[0] = p[1] = a;
531 		} else {	/* invalid separator */
532 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid separator <%c> in <%s>\n",
533 				*s, av);
534 		}
535 		i++;
536 		p += 2;
537 		av = s+1;
538 	}
539 	if (i > 0) {
540 		if (i+1 > F_LEN_MASK)
541 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "too many ports/ranges\n");
542 		cmd->o.len |= i+1; /* leave F_NOT and F_OR untouched */
543 	}
544 	return i;
545 }
546 
547 static struct _s_x icmpcodes[] = {
548       { "net",			ICMP_UNREACH_NET },
549       { "host",			ICMP_UNREACH_HOST },
550       { "protocol",		ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL },
551       { "port",			ICMP_UNREACH_PORT },
552       { "needfrag",		ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG },
553       { "srcfail",		ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL },
554       { "net-unknown",		ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN },
555       { "host-unknown",		ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN },
556       { "isolated",		ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED },
557       { "net-prohib",		ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB },
558       { "host-prohib",		ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB },
559       { "tosnet",		ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET },
560       { "toshost",		ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST },
561       { "filter-prohib",	ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB },
562       { "host-precedence",	ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PRECEDENCE },
563       { "precedence-cutoff",	ICMP_UNREACH_PRECEDENCE_CUTOFF },
564       { NULL, 0 }
565 };
566 
567 static void
568 fill_reject_code(u_short *codep, char *str)
569 {
570 	int val;
571 	char *s;
572 
573 	val = strtoul(str, &s, 0);
574 	if (s == str || *s != '\0' || val >= 0x100)
575 		val = match_token(icmpcodes, str);
576 	if (val < 0)
577 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "unknown ICMP unreachable code ``%s''", str);
578 	*codep = val;
579 	return;
580 }
581 
582 static void
583 print_reject_code(u_int16_t code)
584 {
585 	char *s = match_value(icmpcodes, code);
586 
587 	if (s != NULL)
588 		printf("unreach %s", s);
589 	else
590 		printf("unreach %u", code);
591 }
592 
593 /*
594  * Returns the number of bits set (from left) in a contiguous bitmask,
595  * or -1 if the mask is not contiguous.
596  * XXX this needs a proper fix.
597  * This effectively works on masks in big-endian (network) format.
598  * when compiled on little endian architectures.
599  *
600  * First bit is bit 7 of the first byte -- note, for MAC addresses,
601  * the first bit on the wire is bit 0 of the first byte.
602  * len is the max length in bits.
603  */
604 static int
605 contigmask(u_char *p, int len)
606 {
607 	int i, n;
608 	for (i=0; i<len ; i++)
609 		if ( (p[i/8] & (1 << (7 - (i%8)))) == 0) /* first bit unset */
610 			break;
611 	for (n=i+1; n < len; n++)
612 		if ( (p[n/8] & (1 << (7 - (n%8)))) != 0)
613 			return -1; /* mask not contiguous */
614 	return i;
615 }
616 
617 /*
618  * print flags set/clear in the two bitmasks passed as parameters.
619  * There is a specialized check for f_tcpflags.
620  */
621 static void
622 print_flags(char *name, ipfw_insn *cmd, struct _s_x *list)
623 {
624 	char *comma="";
625 	int i;
626 	u_char set = cmd->arg1 & 0xff;
627 	u_char clear = (cmd->arg1 >> 8) & 0xff;
628 
629 	if (list == f_tcpflags && set == TH_SYN && clear == TH_ACK) {
630 		printf(" setup");
631 		return;
632 	}
633 
634 	printf(" %s ", name);
635 	for (i=0; list[i].x != 0; i++) {
636 		if (set & list[i].x) {
637 			set &= ~list[i].x;
638 			printf("%s%s", comma, list[i].s);
639 			comma = ",";
640 		}
641 		if (clear & list[i].x) {
642 			clear &= ~list[i].x;
643 			printf("%s!%s", comma, list[i].s);
644 			comma = ",";
645 		}
646 	}
647 }
648 
649 /*
650  * Print the ip address contained in a command.
651  */
652 static void
653 print_ip(ipfw_insn_ip *cmd, char *s)
654 {
655 	struct hostent *he = NULL;
656 	int mb;
657 
658 	printf("%s%s ", cmd->o.len & F_NOT ? " not": "", s);
659 
660 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC_ME || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST_ME) {
661 		printf("me");
662 		return;
663 	}
664 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC_SET || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST_SET) {
665 		u_int32_t x, *d;
666 		int i;
667 		char comma = '{';
668 
669 		x = cmd->o.arg1 - 1;
670 		x = htonl( ~x );
671 		cmd->addr.s_addr = htonl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
672 		printf("%s/%d", inet_ntoa(cmd->addr),
673 			contigmask((u_char *)&x, 32));
674 		x = cmd->addr.s_addr = htonl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
675 		x &= 0xff; /* base */
676 		d = (u_int32_t *)&(cmd->mask);
677 		for (i=0; i < cmd->o.arg1; i++)
678 			if (d[ i/32] & (1<<(i & 31))) {
679 				printf("%c%d", comma, i+x);
680 				comma = ',';
681 			}
682 		printf("}");
683 		return;
684 	}
685 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST)
686 		mb = 32;
687 	else
688 		mb = contigmask((u_char *)&(cmd->mask.s_addr), 32);
689 	if (mb == 32 && do_resolv)
690 		he = gethostbyaddr((char *)&(cmd->addr.s_addr),
691 		    sizeof(u_long), AF_INET);
692 	if (he != NULL)		/* resolved to name */
693 		printf("%s", he->h_name);
694 	else if (mb == 0)	/* any */
695 		printf("any");
696 	else {		/* numeric IP followed by some kind of mask */
697 		printf("%s", inet_ntoa(cmd->addr));
698 		if (mb < 0)
699 			printf(":%s", inet_ntoa(cmd->mask));
700 		else if (mb < 32)
701 			printf("/%d", mb);
702 	}
703 }
704 
705 /*
706  * prints a MAC address/mask pair
707  */
708 static void
709 print_mac(u_char *addr, u_char *mask)
710 {
711 	int l = contigmask(mask, 48);
712 
713 	if (l == 0)
714 		printf(" any");
715 	else {
716 		printf(" %02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
717 		    addr[0], addr[1], addr[2], addr[3], addr[4], addr[5]);
718 		if (l == -1)
719 			printf("&%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
720 			    mask[0], mask[1], mask[2],
721 			    mask[3], mask[4], mask[5]);
722 		else if (l < 48)
723 			printf("/%d", l);
724 	}
725 }
726 
727 static void
728 fill_icmptypes(ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd, char *av)
729 {
730 	u_int8_t type;
731 
732 	cmd->d[0] = 0;
733 	while (*av) {
734 		if (*av == ',')
735 			av++;
736 
737 		type = strtoul(av, &av, 0);
738 
739 		if (*av != ',' && *av != '\0')
740 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid ICMP type");
741 
742 		if (type > 31)
743 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "ICMP type out of range");
744 
745 		cmd->d[0] |= 1 << type;
746 	}
747 	cmd->o.opcode = O_ICMPTYPE;
748 	cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
749 }
750 
751 static void
752 print_icmptypes(ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd)
753 {
754 	int i;
755 	char sep= ' ';
756 
757 	printf(" icmptypes");
758 	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
759 		if ( (cmd->d[0] & (1 << (i))) == 0)
760 			continue;
761 		printf("%c%d", sep, i);
762 		sep = ',';
763 	}
764 }
765 
766 /*
767  * show_ipfw() prints the body of an ipfw rule.
768  * Because the standard rule has at least proto src_ip dst_ip, we use
769  * a helper function to produce these entries if not provided explicitly.
770  * The first argument is the list of fields we have, the second is
771  * the list of fields we want to be printed.
772  *
773  * Special cases if we have provided a MAC header:
774  *   + if the rule does not contain IP addresses/ports, do not print them;
775  *   + if the rule does not contain an IP proto, print "all" instead of "ip";
776  *
777  * Once we have 'have_options', IP header fields are printed as options.
778  */
779 #define	HAVE_PROTO	0x0001
780 #define	HAVE_SRCIP	0x0002
781 #define	HAVE_DSTIP	0x0004
782 #define	HAVE_MAC	0x0008
783 #define	HAVE_MACTYPE	0x0010
784 #define	HAVE_OPTIONS	0x8000
785 
786 #define	HAVE_IP		(HAVE_PROTO | HAVE_SRCIP | HAVE_DSTIP)
787 static void
788 show_prerequisites(int *flags, int want, int cmd)
789 {
790 	if ( (*flags & HAVE_IP) == HAVE_IP)
791 		*flags |= HAVE_OPTIONS;
792 
793 	if ( (*flags & (HAVE_MAC|HAVE_MACTYPE|HAVE_OPTIONS)) == HAVE_MAC &&
794 	     cmd != O_MAC_TYPE) {
795 		/*
796 		 * mac-type was optimized out by the compiler,
797 		 * restore it
798 		 */
799 		printf(" any");
800 		*flags |= HAVE_MACTYPE | HAVE_OPTIONS;
801 		return;
802 	}
803 	if ( !(*flags & HAVE_OPTIONS)) {
804 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_PROTO) && (want & HAVE_PROTO))
805 			printf(" ip");
806 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_SRCIP) && (want & HAVE_SRCIP))
807 			printf(" from any");
808 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_DSTIP) && (want & HAVE_DSTIP))
809 			printf(" to any");
810 	}
811 	*flags |= want;
812 }
813 
814 static void
815 show_ipfw(struct ip_fw *rule, int pcwidth, int bcwidth)
816 {
817 	static int twidth = 0;
818 	int l;
819 	ipfw_insn *cmd;
820 	int proto = 0;		/* default */
821 	int flags = 0;	/* prerequisites */
822 	ipfw_insn_log *logptr = NULL; /* set if we find an O_LOG */
823 	int or_block = 0;	/* we are in an or block */
824 	u_int32_t set_disable;
825 
826 	bcopy(&rule->next_rule, &set_disable, sizeof(set_disable));
827 
828 	if (set_disable & (1 << rule->set)) { /* disabled */
829 		if (!show_sets)
830 			return;
831 		else
832 			printf("# DISABLED ");
833 	}
834 	printf("%05u ", rule->rulenum);
835 
836 	if (do_acct)
837 		printf("%*llu %*llu ", pcwidth, align_uint64(&rule->pcnt),
838 		    bcwidth, align_uint64(&rule->bcnt));
839 
840 	if (do_time) {
841 		char timestr[30];
842 		time_t t = (time_t)0;
843 
844 		if (twidth == 0) {
845 			strcpy(timestr, ctime(&t));
846 			*strchr(timestr, '\n') = '\0';
847 			twidth = strlen(timestr);
848 		}
849 		if (rule->timestamp) {
850 			t = _long_to_time(rule->timestamp);
851 
852 			strcpy(timestr, ctime(&t));
853 			*strchr(timestr, '\n') = '\0';
854 			printf("%s ", timestr);
855 		} else {
856 			printf("%*s", twidth, " ");
857 		}
858 	}
859 
860 	if (show_sets)
861 		printf("set %d ", rule->set);
862 
863 	/*
864 	 * print the optional "match probability"
865 	 */
866 	if (rule->cmd_len > 0) {
867 		cmd = rule->cmd ;
868 		if (cmd->opcode == O_PROB) {
869 			ipfw_insn_u32 *p = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
870 			double d = 1.0 * p->d[0];
871 
872 			d = (d / 0x7fffffff);
873 			printf("prob %f ", d);
874 		}
875 	}
876 
877 	/*
878 	 * first print actions
879 	 */
880         for (l = rule->cmd_len - rule->act_ofs, cmd = ACTION_PTR(rule);
881 			l > 0 ; l -= F_LEN(cmd), cmd += F_LEN(cmd)) {
882 		switch(cmd->opcode) {
883 		case O_CHECK_STATE:
884 			printf("check-state");
885 			flags = HAVE_IP; /* avoid printing anything else */
886 			break;
887 
888 		case O_ACCEPT:
889 			printf("allow");
890 			break;
891 
892 		case O_COUNT:
893 			printf("count");
894 			break;
895 
896 		case O_DENY:
897 			printf("deny");
898 			break;
899 
900 		case O_REJECT:
901 			if (cmd->arg1 == ICMP_REJECT_RST)
902 				printf("reset");
903 			else if (cmd->arg1 == ICMP_UNREACH_HOST)
904 				printf("reject");
905 			else
906 				print_reject_code(cmd->arg1);
907 			break;
908 
909 		case O_SKIPTO:
910 			printf("skipto %u", cmd->arg1);
911 			break;
912 
913 		case O_PIPE:
914 			printf("pipe %u", cmd->arg1);
915 			break;
916 
917 		case O_QUEUE:
918 			printf("queue %u", cmd->arg1);
919 			break;
920 
921 		case O_DIVERT:
922 			printf("divert %u", cmd->arg1);
923 			break;
924 
925 		case O_TEE:
926 			printf("tee %u", cmd->arg1);
927 			break;
928 
929 		case O_FORWARD_IP:
930 		    {
931 			ipfw_insn_sa *s = (ipfw_insn_sa *)cmd;
932 
933 			printf("fwd %s", inet_ntoa(s->sa.sin_addr));
934 			if (s->sa.sin_port)
935 				printf(",%d", s->sa.sin_port);
936 		    }
937 			break;
938 
939 		case O_LOG: /* O_LOG is printed last */
940 			logptr = (ipfw_insn_log *)cmd;
941 			break;
942 
943 		default:
944 			printf("** unrecognized action %d len %d",
945 				cmd->opcode, cmd->len);
946 		}
947 	}
948 	if (logptr) {
949 		if (logptr->max_log > 0)
950 			printf(" log logamount %d", logptr->max_log);
951 		else
952 			printf(" log");
953 	}
954 
955 	/*
956 	 * then print the body.
957 	 */
958 	if (rule->_pad & 1) {	/* empty rules before options */
959 		if (!do_compact)
960 			printf(" ip from any to any");
961 		flags |= HAVE_IP | HAVE_OPTIONS;
962 	}
963 
964         for (l = rule->act_ofs, cmd = rule->cmd ;
965 			l > 0 ; l -= F_LEN(cmd) , cmd += F_LEN(cmd)) {
966 		/* useful alias */
967 		ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd32 = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
968 
969 		show_prerequisites(&flags, 0, cmd->opcode);
970 
971 		switch(cmd->opcode) {
972 		case O_PROB:
973 			break;	/* done already */
974 
975 		case O_PROBE_STATE:
976 			break; /* no need to print anything here */
977 
978 		case O_MACADDR2: {
979 			ipfw_insn_mac *m = (ipfw_insn_mac *)cmd;
980 
981 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
982 				printf(" {");
983 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
984 				printf(" not");
985 			printf(" MAC");
986 			flags |= HAVE_MAC;
987 			print_mac( m->addr, m->mask);
988 			print_mac( m->addr + 6, m->mask + 6);
989 			}
990 			break;
991 
992 		case O_MAC_TYPE:
993 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
994 				printf(" {");
995 			print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE,
996 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? cmd->opcode : 0);
997 			flags |= HAVE_MAC | HAVE_MACTYPE | HAVE_OPTIONS;
998 			break;
999 
1000 		case O_IP_SRC:
1001 		case O_IP_SRC_MASK:
1002 		case O_IP_SRC_ME:
1003 		case O_IP_SRC_SET:
1004 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO, 0);
1005 			if (!(flags & HAVE_SRCIP))
1006 				printf(" from");
1007 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1008 				printf(" {");
1009 			print_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd,
1010 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? " src-ip" : "");
1011 			flags |= HAVE_SRCIP;
1012 			break;
1013 
1014 		case O_IP_DST:
1015 		case O_IP_DST_MASK:
1016 		case O_IP_DST_ME:
1017 		case O_IP_DST_SET:
1018 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO|HAVE_SRCIP, 0);
1019 			if (!(flags & HAVE_DSTIP))
1020 				printf(" to");
1021 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1022 				printf(" {");
1023 			print_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd,
1024 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? " dst-ip" : "");
1025 			flags |= HAVE_DSTIP;
1026 			break;
1027 
1028 		case O_IP_DSTPORT:
1029 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP, 0);
1030 		case O_IP_SRCPORT:
1031 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO|HAVE_SRCIP, 0);
1032 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1033 				printf(" {");
1034 			print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, proto,
1035 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? cmd->opcode : 0);
1036 			break;
1037 
1038 		case O_PROTO: {
1039 			struct protoent *pe;
1040 
1041 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1042 				printf(" {");
1043 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
1044 				printf(" not");
1045 			proto = cmd->arg1;
1046 			pe = getprotobynumber(cmd->arg1);
1047 			if (flags & HAVE_OPTIONS)
1048 				printf(" proto");
1049 			if (pe)
1050 				printf(" %s", pe->p_name);
1051 			else
1052 				printf(" %u", cmd->arg1);
1053 			}
1054 			flags |= HAVE_PROTO;
1055 			break;
1056 
1057 		default: /*options ... */
1058 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP | HAVE_OPTIONS, 0);
1059 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1060 				printf(" {");
1061 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT && cmd->opcode != O_IN)
1062 				printf(" not");
1063 			switch(cmd->opcode) {
1064 			case O_FRAG:
1065 				printf(" frag");
1066 				break;
1067 
1068 			case O_IN:
1069 				printf(cmd->len & F_NOT ? " out" : " in");
1070 				break;
1071 
1072 			case O_LAYER2:
1073 				printf(" layer2");
1074 				break;
1075 			case O_XMIT:
1076 			case O_RECV:
1077 			case O_VIA: {
1078 				char *s;
1079 				ipfw_insn_if *cmdif = (ipfw_insn_if *)cmd;
1080 
1081 				if (cmd->opcode == O_XMIT)
1082 					s = "xmit";
1083 				else if (cmd->opcode == O_RECV)
1084 					s = "recv";
1085 				else if (cmd->opcode == O_VIA)
1086 					s = "via";
1087 				if (cmdif->name[0] == '\0')
1088 					printf(" %s %s", s,
1089 					    inet_ntoa(cmdif->p.ip));
1090 				else if (cmdif->p.unit == -1)
1091 					printf(" %s %s*", s, cmdif->name);
1092 				else
1093 					printf(" %s %s%d", s, cmdif->name,
1094 					    cmdif->p.unit);
1095 				}
1096 				break;
1097 
1098 			case O_IPID:
1099 				printf(" ipid %u", cmd->arg1 );
1100 				break;
1101 
1102 			case O_IPTTL:
1103 				printf(" ipttl %u", cmd->arg1 );
1104 				break;
1105 
1106 			case O_IPVER:
1107 				printf(" ipver %u", cmd->arg1 );
1108 				break;
1109 
1110 			case O_IPPRECEDENCE:
1111 				printf(" ipprecedence %u", (cmd->arg1) >> 5 );
1112 				break;
1113 
1114 			case O_IPLEN:
1115 				printf(" iplen %u", cmd->arg1 );
1116 				break;
1117 
1118 			case O_IPOPT:
1119 				print_flags("ipoptions", cmd, f_ipopts);
1120 				break;
1121 
1122 			case O_IPTOS:
1123 				print_flags("iptos", cmd, f_iptos);
1124 				break;
1125 
1126 			case O_ICMPTYPE:
1127 				print_icmptypes((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd);
1128 				break;
1129 
1130 			case O_ESTAB:
1131 				printf(" established");
1132 				break;
1133 
1134 			case O_TCPFLAGS:
1135 				print_flags("tcpflags", cmd, f_tcpflags);
1136 				break;
1137 
1138 			case O_TCPOPTS:
1139 				print_flags("tcpoptions", cmd, f_tcpopts);
1140 				break;
1141 
1142 			case O_TCPWIN:
1143 				printf(" tcpwin %d", ntohs(cmd->arg1));
1144 				break;
1145 
1146 			case O_TCPACK:
1147 				printf(" tcpack %d", ntohl(cmd32->d[0]));
1148 				break;
1149 
1150 			case O_TCPSEQ:
1151 				printf(" tcpseq %d", ntohl(cmd32->d[0]));
1152 				break;
1153 
1154 			case O_UID:
1155 			    {
1156 				struct passwd *pwd = getpwuid(cmd32->d[0]);
1157 
1158 				if (pwd)
1159 					printf(" uid %s", pwd->pw_name);
1160 				else
1161 					printf(" uid %u", cmd32->d[0]);
1162 			    }
1163 				break;
1164 
1165 			case O_GID:
1166 			    {
1167 				struct group *grp = getgrgid(cmd32->d[0]);
1168 
1169 				if (grp)
1170 					printf(" gid %s", grp->gr_name);
1171 				else
1172 					printf(" gid %u", cmd32->d[0]);
1173 			    }
1174 				break;
1175 
1176 			case O_VERREVPATH:
1177 				printf(" verrevpath");
1178 				break;
1179 
1180 			case O_KEEP_STATE:
1181 				printf(" keep-state");
1182 				break;
1183 
1184 			case O_LIMIT:
1185 			    {
1186 				struct _s_x *p = limit_masks;
1187 				ipfw_insn_limit *c = (ipfw_insn_limit *)cmd;
1188 				u_int8_t x = c->limit_mask;
1189 				char *comma = " ";
1190 
1191 				printf(" limit");
1192 				for ( ; p->x != 0 ; p++)
1193 					if ((x & p->x) == p->x) {
1194 						x &= ~p->x;
1195 						printf("%s%s", comma, p->s);
1196 						comma = ",";
1197 					}
1198 				printf(" %d", c->conn_limit);
1199 			    }
1200 				break;
1201 
1202 			default:
1203 				printf(" [opcode %d len %d]",
1204 				    cmd->opcode, cmd->len);
1205 			}
1206 		}
1207 		if (cmd->len & F_OR) {
1208 			printf(" or");
1209 			or_block = 1;
1210 		} else if (or_block) {
1211 			printf(" }");
1212 			or_block = 0;
1213 		}
1214 	}
1215 	show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP, 0);
1216 
1217 	printf("\n");
1218 }
1219 
1220 static void
1221 show_dyn_ipfw(ipfw_dyn_rule *d, int pcwidth, int bcwidth)
1222 {
1223 	struct protoent *pe;
1224 	struct in_addr a;
1225 	uint16_t rulenum;
1226 
1227 	if (!do_expired) {
1228 		if (!d->expire && !(d->dyn_type == O_LIMIT_PARENT))
1229 			return;
1230 	}
1231 
1232 	bcopy(&d->rule, &rulenum, sizeof(rulenum));
1233 
1234 	printf("%05d %*llu %*llu (%ds)", rulenum, pcwidth,
1235 	    align_uint64(&d->pcnt), bcwidth,
1236 	    align_uint64(&d->bcnt), d->expire);
1237 	switch (d->dyn_type) {
1238 	case O_LIMIT_PARENT:
1239 		printf(" PARENT %d", d->count);
1240 		break;
1241 	case O_LIMIT:
1242 		printf(" LIMIT");
1243 		break;
1244 	case O_KEEP_STATE: /* bidir, no mask */
1245 		printf(" STATE");
1246 		break;
1247 	}
1248 
1249 	if ((pe = getprotobynumber(d->id.proto)) != NULL)
1250 		printf(" %s", pe->p_name);
1251 	else
1252 		printf(" proto %u", d->id.proto);
1253 
1254 	a.s_addr = htonl(d->id.src_ip);
1255 	printf(" %s %d", inet_ntoa(a), d->id.src_port);
1256 
1257 	a.s_addr = htonl(d->id.dst_ip);
1258 	printf(" <-> %s %d", inet_ntoa(a), d->id.dst_port);
1259 	printf("\n");
1260 }
1261 
1262 int
1263 sort_q(const void *pa, const void *pb)
1264 {
1265 	int rev = (do_sort < 0);
1266 	int field = rev ? -do_sort : do_sort;
1267 	long long res = 0;
1268 	const struct dn_flow_queue *a = pa;
1269 	const struct dn_flow_queue *b = pb;
1270 
1271 	switch (field) {
1272 	case 1: /* pkts */
1273 		res = a->len - b->len;
1274 		break;
1275 	case 2: /* bytes */
1276 		res = a->len_bytes - b->len_bytes;
1277 		break;
1278 
1279 	case 3: /* tot pkts */
1280 		res = a->tot_pkts - b->tot_pkts;
1281 		break;
1282 
1283 	case 4: /* tot bytes */
1284 		res = a->tot_bytes - b->tot_bytes;
1285 		break;
1286 	}
1287 	if (res < 0)
1288 		res = -1;
1289 	if (res > 0)
1290 		res = 1;
1291 	return (int)(rev ? res : -res);
1292 }
1293 
1294 static void
1295 list_queues(struct dn_flow_set *fs, struct dn_flow_queue *q)
1296 {
1297 	int l;
1298 
1299 	printf("    mask: 0x%02x 0x%08x/0x%04x -> 0x%08x/0x%04x\n",
1300 	    fs->flow_mask.proto,
1301 	    fs->flow_mask.src_ip, fs->flow_mask.src_port,
1302 	    fs->flow_mask.dst_ip, fs->flow_mask.dst_port);
1303 	if (fs->rq_elements == 0)
1304 		return;
1305 
1306 	printf("BKT Prot ___Source IP/port____ "
1307 	    "____Dest. IP/port____ Tot_pkt/bytes Pkt/Byte Drp\n");
1308 	if (do_sort != 0)
1309 		heapsort(q, fs->rq_elements, sizeof *q, sort_q);
1310 	for (l = 0; l < fs->rq_elements; l++) {
1311 		struct in_addr ina;
1312 		struct protoent *pe;
1313 
1314 		ina.s_addr = htonl(q[l].id.src_ip);
1315 		printf("%3d ", q[l].hash_slot);
1316 		pe = getprotobynumber(q[l].id.proto);
1317 		if (pe)
1318 			printf("%-4s ", pe->p_name);
1319 		else
1320 			printf("%4u ", q[l].id.proto);
1321 		printf("%15s/%-5d ",
1322 		    inet_ntoa(ina), q[l].id.src_port);
1323 		ina.s_addr = htonl(q[l].id.dst_ip);
1324 		printf("%15s/%-5d ",
1325 		    inet_ntoa(ina), q[l].id.dst_port);
1326 		printf("%4qu %8qu %2u %4u %3u\n",
1327 		    q[l].tot_pkts, q[l].tot_bytes,
1328 		    q[l].len, q[l].len_bytes, q[l].drops);
1329 		if (verbose)
1330 			printf("   S %20qd  F %20qd\n",
1331 			    q[l].S, q[l].F);
1332 	}
1333 }
1334 
1335 static void
1336 print_flowset_parms(struct dn_flow_set *fs, char *prefix)
1337 {
1338 	int l;
1339 	char qs[30];
1340 	char plr[30];
1341 	char red[90];	/* Display RED parameters */
1342 
1343 	l = fs->qsize;
1344 	if (fs->flags_fs & DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES) {
1345 		if (l >= 8192)
1346 			sprintf(qs, "%d KB", l / 1024);
1347 		else
1348 			sprintf(qs, "%d B", l);
1349 	} else
1350 		sprintf(qs, "%3d sl.", l);
1351 	if (fs->plr)
1352 		sprintf(plr, "plr %f", 1.0 * fs->plr / (double)(0x7fffffff));
1353 	else
1354 		plr[0] = '\0';
1355 	if (fs->flags_fs & DN_IS_RED)	/* RED parameters */
1356 		sprintf(red,
1357 		    "\n\t  %cRED w_q %f min_th %d max_th %d max_p %f",
1358 		    (fs->flags_fs & DN_IS_GENTLE_RED) ? 'G' : ' ',
1359 		    1.0 * fs->w_q / (double)(1 << SCALE_RED),
1360 		    SCALE_VAL(fs->min_th),
1361 		    SCALE_VAL(fs->max_th),
1362 		    1.0 * fs->max_p / (double)(1 << SCALE_RED));
1363 	else
1364 		sprintf(red, "droptail");
1365 
1366 	printf("%s %s%s %d queues (%d buckets) %s\n",
1367 	    prefix, qs, plr, fs->rq_elements, fs->rq_size, red);
1368 }
1369 
1370 static void
1371 list_pipes(void *data, int nbytes, int ac, char *av[])
1372 {
1373 	u_long rulenum;
1374 	void *next = data;
1375 	struct dn_pipe *p = (struct dn_pipe *) data;
1376 	struct dn_flow_set *fs;
1377 	struct dn_flow_queue *q;
1378 	int l;
1379 
1380 	if (ac > 0)
1381 		rulenum = strtoul(*av++, NULL, 10);
1382 	else
1383 		rulenum = 0;
1384 	for (; nbytes >= sizeof *p; p = (struct dn_pipe *)next) {
1385 		double b = p->bandwidth;
1386 		char buf[30];
1387 		char prefix[80];
1388 
1389 		if (p->next != (struct dn_pipe *)DN_IS_PIPE)
1390 			break;	/* done with pipes, now queues */
1391 
1392 		/*
1393 		 * compute length, as pipe have variable size
1394 		 */
1395 		l = sizeof(*p) + p->fs.rq_elements * sizeof(*q);
1396 		next = (void *)p + l;
1397 		nbytes -= l;
1398 
1399 		if (rulenum != 0 && rulenum != p->pipe_nr)
1400 			continue;
1401 
1402 		/*
1403 		 * Print rate (or clocking interface)
1404 		 */
1405 		if (p->if_name[0] != '\0')
1406 			sprintf(buf, "%s", p->if_name);
1407 		else if (b == 0)
1408 			sprintf(buf, "unlimited");
1409 		else if (b >= 1000000)
1410 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f Mbit/s", b/1000000);
1411 		else if (b >= 1000)
1412 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f Kbit/s", b/1000);
1413 		else
1414 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f bit/s ", b);
1415 
1416 		sprintf(prefix, "%05d: %s %4d ms ",
1417 		    p->pipe_nr, buf, p->delay);
1418 		print_flowset_parms(&(p->fs), prefix);
1419 		if (verbose)
1420 			printf("   V %20qd\n", p->V >> MY_M);
1421 
1422 		q = (struct dn_flow_queue *)(p+1);
1423 		list_queues(&(p->fs), q);
1424 	}
1425 	for (fs = next; nbytes >= sizeof *fs; fs = next) {
1426 		char prefix[80];
1427 
1428 		if (fs->next != (struct dn_flow_set *)DN_IS_QUEUE)
1429 			break;
1430 		l = sizeof(*fs) + fs->rq_elements * sizeof(*q);
1431 		next = (void *)fs + l;
1432 		nbytes -= l;
1433 		q = (struct dn_flow_queue *)(fs+1);
1434 		sprintf(prefix, "q%05d: weight %d pipe %d ",
1435 		    fs->fs_nr, fs->weight, fs->parent_nr);
1436 		print_flowset_parms(fs, prefix);
1437 		list_queues(fs, q);
1438 	}
1439 }
1440 
1441 /*
1442  * This one handles all set-related commands
1443  * 	ipfw set { show | enable | disable }
1444  * 	ipfw set swap X Y
1445  * 	ipfw set move X to Y
1446  * 	ipfw set move rule X to Y
1447  */
1448 static void
1449 sets_handler(int ac, char *av[])
1450 {
1451 	u_int32_t set_disable, masks[2];
1452 	int i, nbytes;
1453 	u_int16_t rulenum;
1454 	u_int8_t cmd, new_set;
1455 
1456 	ac--;
1457 	av++;
1458 
1459 	if (!ac)
1460 		errx(EX_USAGE, "set needs command");
1461 	if (!strncmp(*av, "show", strlen(*av)) ) {
1462 		void *data;
1463 		char *msg;
1464 
1465 		nbytes = sizeof(struct ip_fw);
1466 		if ((data = malloc(nbytes)) == NULL)
1467 			err(EX_OSERR, "malloc");
1468 		if (getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_GET, data, &nbytes) < 0)
1469 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_FW_GET)");
1470 		bcopy(&((struct ip_fw *)data)->next_rule,
1471 			&set_disable, sizeof(set_disable));
1472 
1473 
1474 		for (i = 0, msg = "disable" ; i < 31; i++)
1475 			if (  (set_disable & (1<<i))) {
1476 				printf("%s %d", msg, i);
1477 				msg = "";
1478 			}
1479 		msg = (set_disable) ? " enable" : "enable";
1480 		for (i = 0; i < 31; i++)
1481 			if ( !(set_disable & (1<<i))) {
1482 				printf("%s %d", msg, i);
1483 				msg = "";
1484 			}
1485 		printf("\n");
1486 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "swap", strlen(*av))) {
1487 		ac--; av++;
1488 		if (ac != 2)
1489 			errx(EX_USAGE, "set swap needs 2 set numbers\n");
1490 		rulenum = atoi(av[0]);
1491 		new_set = atoi(av[1]);
1492 		if (!isdigit(*(av[0])) || rulenum > 30)
1493 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid set number %s\n", av[0]);
1494 		if (!isdigit(*(av[1])) || new_set > 30)
1495 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid set number %s\n", av[1]);
1496 		masks[0] = (4 << 24) | (new_set << 16) | (rulenum);
1497 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL,
1498 			masks, sizeof(u_int32_t));
1499 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "move", strlen(*av))) {
1500 		ac--; av++;
1501 		if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "rule", strlen(*av))) {
1502 			cmd = 2;
1503 			ac--; av++;
1504 		} else
1505 			cmd = 3;
1506 		if (ac != 3 || strncmp(av[1], "to", strlen(*av)))
1507 			errx(EX_USAGE, "syntax: set move [rule] X to Y\n");
1508 		rulenum = atoi(av[0]);
1509 		new_set = atoi(av[2]);
1510 		if (!isdigit(*(av[0])) || (cmd == 3 && rulenum > 30) ||
1511 			(cmd == 2 && rulenum == 65535) )
1512 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid source number %s\n", av[0]);
1513 		if (!isdigit(*(av[2])) || new_set > 30)
1514 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid dest. set %s\n", av[1]);
1515 		masks[0] = (cmd << 24) | (new_set << 16) | (rulenum);
1516 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL,
1517 			masks, sizeof(u_int32_t));
1518 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "disable", strlen(*av)) ||
1519 		   !strncmp(*av, "enable",  strlen(*av)) ) {
1520 		int which = !strncmp(*av, "enable",  strlen(*av)) ? 1 : 0;
1521 
1522 		ac--; av++;
1523 		masks[0] = masks[1] = 0;
1524 
1525 		while (ac) {
1526 			if (isdigit(**av)) {
1527 				i = atoi(*av);
1528 				if (i < 0 || i > 30)
1529 					errx(EX_DATAERR,
1530 					    "invalid set number %d\n", i);
1531 				masks[which] |= (1<<i);
1532 			} else if (!strncmp(*av, "disable", strlen(*av)))
1533 				which = 0;
1534 			else if (!strncmp(*av, "enable", strlen(*av)))
1535 				which = 1;
1536 			else
1537 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
1538 					"invalid set command %s\n", *av);
1539 			av++; ac--;
1540 		}
1541 		if ( (masks[0] & masks[1]) != 0 )
1542 			errx(EX_DATAERR,
1543 			    "cannot enable and disable the same set\n");
1544 
1545 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL, masks, sizeof(masks));
1546 		if (i)
1547 			warn("set enable/disable: setsockopt(IP_FW_DEL)");
1548 	} else
1549 		errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid set command %s\n", *av);
1550 }
1551 
1552 static void
1553 sysctl_handler(int ac, char *av[], int which)
1554 {
1555 	ac--;
1556 	av++;
1557 
1558 	if (*av == NULL) {
1559 		warnx("missing keyword to enable/disable\n");
1560 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "firewall", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1561 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.enable", NULL, 0, &which, sizeof(which));
1562 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "one_pass", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1563 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.one_pass", NULL, 0, &which, sizeof(which));
1564 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "debug", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1565 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.debug", NULL, 0, &which, sizeof(which));
1566 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "verbose", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1567 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.verbose", NULL, 0, &which, sizeof(which));
1568 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "dyn_keepalive", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1569 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_keepalive", NULL, 0, &which, sizeof(which));
1570 	} else {
1571 		warnx("unrecognize enable/disable keyword: %s\n", *av);
1572 	}
1573 }
1574 
1575 static void
1576 list(int ac, char *av[])
1577 {
1578 	struct ip_fw *r;
1579 	ipfw_dyn_rule *dynrules, *d;
1580 
1581 	void *lim, *data = NULL;
1582 	int bcwidth, n, nbytes, nstat, ndyn, pcwidth, width;
1583 	int exitval = EX_OK;
1584 	int lac;
1585 	char **lav;
1586 	u_long rnum;
1587 	char *endptr;
1588 	int seen = 0;
1589 
1590 	const int ocmd = do_pipe ? IP_DUMMYNET_GET : IP_FW_GET;
1591 	int nalloc = 1024;	/* start somewhere... */
1592 
1593 	ac--;
1594 	av++;
1595 
1596 	/* get rules or pipes from kernel, resizing array as necessary */
1597 	nbytes = nalloc;
1598 
1599 	while (nbytes >= nalloc) {
1600 		nalloc = nalloc * 2 + 200;
1601 		nbytes = nalloc;
1602 		if ((data = realloc(data, nbytes)) == NULL)
1603 			err(EX_OSERR, "realloc");
1604 		if (getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, ocmd, data, &nbytes) < 0)
1605 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_%s_GET)",
1606 				do_pipe ? "DUMMYNET" : "FW");
1607 	}
1608 
1609 	if (do_pipe) {
1610 		list_pipes(data, nbytes, ac, av);
1611 		goto done;
1612 	}
1613 
1614 	/*
1615 	 * Count static rules. They have variable size so we
1616 	 * need to scan the list to count them.
1617 	 */
1618 	for (nstat = 1, r = data, lim = data + nbytes;
1619 		    r->rulenum < 65535 && (void *)r < lim;
1620 		    ++nstat, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r) )
1621 		; /* nothing */
1622 
1623 	/*
1624 	 * Count dynamic rules. This is easier as they have
1625 	 * fixed size.
1626 	 */
1627 	r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r);
1628 	dynrules = (ipfw_dyn_rule *)r ;
1629 	n = (void *)r - data;
1630 	ndyn = (nbytes - n) / sizeof *dynrules;
1631 
1632 	/* if showing stats, figure out column widths ahead of time */
1633 	bcwidth = pcwidth = 0;
1634 	if (do_acct) {
1635 		for (n = 0, r = data; n < nstat;
1636 		    n++, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r)) {
1637 			/* packet counter */
1638 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu",
1639 			    align_uint64(&r->pcnt));
1640 			if (width > pcwidth)
1641 				pcwidth = width;
1642 
1643 			/* byte counter */
1644 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu",
1645 			    align_uint64(&r->bcnt));
1646 			if (width > bcwidth)
1647 				bcwidth = width;
1648 		}
1649 	}
1650 	if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
1651 		for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++) {
1652 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu",
1653 			    align_uint64(&d->pcnt));
1654 			if (width > pcwidth)
1655 				pcwidth = width;
1656 
1657 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu",
1658 			    align_uint64(&d->bcnt));
1659 			if (width > bcwidth)
1660 				bcwidth = width;
1661 		}
1662 	}
1663 	/* if no rule numbers were specified, list all rules */
1664 	if (ac == 0) {
1665 		for (n = 0, r = data; n < nstat;
1666 		    n++, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r) )
1667 			show_ipfw(r, pcwidth, bcwidth);
1668 
1669 		if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
1670 			printf("## Dynamic rules (%d):\n", ndyn);
1671 			for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++)
1672 				show_dyn_ipfw(d, pcwidth, bcwidth);
1673 		}
1674 		goto done;
1675 	}
1676 
1677 	/* display specific rules requested on command line */
1678 
1679 	for (lac = ac, lav = av; lac != 0; lac--) {
1680 		/* convert command line rule # */
1681 		rnum = strtoul(*lav++, &endptr, 10);
1682 		if (*endptr) {
1683 			exitval = EX_USAGE;
1684 			warnx("invalid rule number: %s", *(lav - 1));
1685 			continue;
1686 		}
1687 		for (n = seen = 0, r = data; n < nstat;
1688 		    n++, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r) ) {
1689 			if (r->rulenum > rnum)
1690 				break;
1691 			if (r->rulenum == rnum) {
1692 				show_ipfw(r, pcwidth, bcwidth);
1693 				seen = 1;
1694 			}
1695 		}
1696 		if (!seen) {
1697 			/* give precedence to other error(s) */
1698 			if (exitval == EX_OK)
1699 				exitval = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
1700 			warnx("rule %lu does not exist", rnum);
1701 		}
1702 	}
1703 
1704 	if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
1705 		printf("## Dynamic rules:\n");
1706 		for (lac = ac, lav = av; lac != 0; lac--) {
1707 			rnum = strtoul(*lav++, &endptr, 10);
1708 			if (*endptr)
1709 				/* already warned */
1710 				continue;
1711 			for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++) {
1712 				uint16_t rulenum;
1713 
1714 				bcopy(&d->rule, &rulenum, sizeof(rulenum));
1715 				if (rulenum > rnum)
1716 					break;
1717 				if (rulenum == rnum)
1718 					show_dyn_ipfw(d, pcwidth, bcwidth);
1719 			}
1720 		}
1721 	}
1722 
1723 	ac = 0;
1724 
1725 done:
1726 	free(data);
1727 
1728 	if (exitval != EX_OK)
1729 		exit(exitval);
1730 }
1731 
1732 static void
1733 show_usage(void)
1734 {
1735 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: ipfw [options]\n"
1736 "    add [number] rule\n"
1737 "    pipe number config [pipeconfig]\n"
1738 "    queue number config [queueconfig]\n"
1739 "    [pipe] flush\n"
1740 "    [pipe] delete number ...\n"
1741 "    [pipe] {list|show} [number ...]\n"
1742 "    {zero|resetlog} [number ...]\n"
1743 "do \"ipfw -h\" or see ipfw manpage for details\n"
1744 );
1745 
1746 	exit(EX_USAGE);
1747 }
1748 
1749 static void
1750 help(void)
1751 {
1752 
1753 	fprintf(stderr, "ipfw syntax summary:\n"
1754 "ipfw add [N] [prob {0..1}] ACTION [log [logamount N]] ADDR OPTIONS\n"
1755 "ipfw {pipe|queue} N config BODY\n"
1756 "ipfw [pipe] {zero|delete|show} [N{,N}]\n"
1757 "\n"
1758 "RULE:		[1..] [PROB] BODY\n"
1759 "RULENUM:	INTEGER(1..65534)\n"
1760 "PROB:		prob REAL(0..1)\n"
1761 "BODY:		check-state [LOG] (no body) |\n"
1762 "		ACTION [LOG] MATCH_ADDR [OPTION_LIST]\n"
1763 "ACTION:	check-state | allow | count | deny | reject | skipto N |\n"
1764 "		{divert|tee} PORT | forward ADDR | pipe N | queue N\n"
1765 "ADDR:		[ MAC dst src ether_type ] \n"
1766 "		[ from IPLIST [ PORT ] to IPLIST [ PORTLIST ] ]\n"
1767 "IPLIST:	IPADDR | ( IPADDR or ... or IPADDR )\n"
1768 "IPADDR:	[not] { any | me | ip | ip/bits | ip:mask | ip/bits{x,y,z} }\n"
1769 "OPTION_LIST:	OPTION [,OPTION_LIST]\n"
1770 );
1771 exit(0);
1772 }
1773 
1774 
1775 static int
1776 lookup_host (char *host, struct in_addr *ipaddr)
1777 {
1778 	struct hostent *he;
1779 
1780 	if (!inet_aton(host, ipaddr)) {
1781 		if ((he = gethostbyname(host)) == NULL)
1782 			return(-1);
1783 		*ipaddr = *(struct in_addr *)he->h_addr_list[0];
1784 	}
1785 	return(0);
1786 }
1787 
1788 /*
1789  * fills the addr and mask fields in the instruction as appropriate from av.
1790  * Update length as appropriate.
1791  * The following formats are allowed:
1792  *	any	matches any IP. Actually returns an empty instruction.
1793  *	me	returns O_IP_*_ME
1794  *	1.2.3.4		single IP address
1795  *	1.2.3.4:5.6.7.8	address:mask
1796  *	1.2.3.4/24	address/mask
1797  *	1.2.3.4/26{1,6,5,4,23}	set of addresses in a subnet
1798  */
1799 static void
1800 fill_ip(ipfw_insn_ip *cmd, char *av)
1801 {
1802 	char *p = 0, md = 0;
1803 	u_int32_t i;
1804 
1805 	cmd->o.len &= ~F_LEN_MASK;	/* zero len */
1806 
1807 	if (!strncmp(av, "any", strlen(av)))
1808 		return;
1809 
1810 	if (!strncmp(av, "me", strlen(av))) {
1811 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn);
1812 		return;
1813 	}
1814 
1815 	p = strchr(av, '/');
1816 	if (!p)
1817 		p = strchr(av, ':');
1818 	if (p) {
1819 		md = *p;
1820 		*p++ = '\0';
1821 	}
1822 
1823 	if (lookup_host(av, &cmd->addr) != 0)
1824 		errx(EX_NOHOST, "hostname ``%s'' unknown", av);
1825 	switch (md) {
1826 	case ':':
1827 		if (!inet_aton(p, &cmd->mask))
1828 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad netmask ``%s''", p);
1829 		break;
1830 	case '/':
1831 		i = atoi(p);
1832 		if (i == 0)
1833 			cmd->mask.s_addr = htonl(0);
1834 		else if (i > 32)
1835 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad width ``%s''", p);
1836 		else
1837 			cmd->mask.s_addr = htonl(~0 << (32 - i));
1838 		break;
1839 	default:
1840 		cmd->mask.s_addr = htonl(~0);
1841 		break;
1842 	}
1843 	cmd->addr.s_addr &= cmd->mask.s_addr;
1844 	/*
1845 	 * now look if we have a set of addresses. They are stored as follows:
1846 	 *   arg1	is the set size (powers of 2, 2..256)
1847 	 *   addr	is the base address IN HOST FORMAT
1848 	 *   mask..	is an array of u_int32_t with bits set.
1849 	 */
1850 	if (p)
1851 		p = strchr(p, '{');
1852 	if (p) {	/* fetch addresses */
1853 		u_int32_t *d;
1854 		int low, high;
1855 		int i = contigmask((u_char *)&(cmd->mask), 32);
1856 
1857 		if (i < 24 || i > 31) {
1858 			fprintf(stderr, "invalid set with mask %d\n",
1859 				i);
1860 			exit(0);
1861 		}
1862 		cmd->o.arg1 = 1<<(32-i);
1863 		cmd->addr.s_addr = ntohl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
1864 		d = (u_int32_t *)&cmd->mask;
1865 		cmd->o.opcode = O_IP_DST_SET;	/* default */
1866 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32) + (cmd->o.arg1+31)/32;
1867 		for (i = 0; i < (cmd->o.arg1+31)/32 ; i++)
1868 			d[i] = 0;	/* clear masks */
1869 
1870 		av = p+1;
1871 		low = cmd->addr.s_addr & 0xff;
1872 		high = low + cmd->o.arg1 - 1;
1873 		while (isdigit(*av)) {
1874 			char *s;
1875 			u_int16_t a = strtol(av, &s, 0);
1876 
1877 			if (s == av) /* no parameter */
1878 				break;
1879 			if (a < low || a > high) {
1880 			    fprintf(stderr, "addr %d out of range [%d-%d]\n",
1881 				a, low, high);
1882 			    exit(0);
1883 			}
1884 			a -= low;
1885 			d[ a/32] |= 1<<(a & 31);
1886 			if (*s != ',')
1887 				break;
1888 			av = s+1;
1889 		}
1890 		return;
1891 	}
1892 
1893 	if (cmd->mask.s_addr == 0) { /* any */
1894 		if (cmd->o.len & F_NOT)
1895 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "not any never matches");
1896 		else	/* useless, nuke it */
1897 			return;
1898 	} else if (cmd->mask.s_addr ==  IP_MASK_ALL)	/* one IP */
1899 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
1900 	else						/* addr/mask */
1901 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_ip);
1902 }
1903 
1904 
1905 /*
1906  * helper function to process a set of flags and set bits in the
1907  * appropriate masks.
1908  */
1909 static void
1910 fill_flags(ipfw_insn *cmd, enum ipfw_opcodes opcode,
1911 	struct _s_x *flags, char *p)
1912 {
1913 	u_int8_t set=0, clear=0;
1914 
1915 	while (p && *p) {
1916 		char *q;	/* points to the separator */
1917 		int val;
1918 		u_int8_t *which;	/* mask we are working on */
1919 
1920 		if (*p == '!') {
1921 			p++;
1922 			which = &clear;
1923 		} else
1924 			which = &set;
1925 		q = strchr(p, ',');
1926 		if (q)
1927 			*q++ = '\0';
1928 		val = match_token(flags, p);
1929 		if (val <= 0)
1930 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid flag %s", p);
1931 		*which |= (u_int8_t)val;
1932 		p = q;
1933 	}
1934         cmd->opcode = opcode;
1935         cmd->len =  (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | 1;
1936         cmd->arg1 = (set & 0xff) | ( (clear & 0xff) << 8);
1937 }
1938 
1939 
1940 static void
1941 delete(int ac, char *av[])
1942 {
1943 	u_int32_t rulenum;
1944 	struct dn_pipe pipe;
1945 	int i;
1946 	int exitval = EX_OK;
1947 	int do_set = 0;
1948 
1949 	memset(&pipe, 0, sizeof pipe);
1950 
1951 	av++; ac--;
1952 	if (ac > 0 && !strncmp(*av, "set", strlen(*av))) {
1953 		do_set = 1;	/* delete set */
1954 		ac--; av++;
1955 	}
1956 
1957 	/* Rule number */
1958 	while (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
1959 		i = atoi(*av); av++; ac--;
1960 		if (do_pipe) {
1961 			if (do_pipe == 1)
1962 				pipe.pipe_nr = i;
1963 			else
1964 				pipe.fs.fs_nr = i;
1965 			i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_DUMMYNET_DEL,
1966 			    &pipe, sizeof pipe);
1967 			if (i) {
1968 				exitval = 1;
1969 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_DUMMYNET_DEL)",
1970 				    do_pipe == 1 ? pipe.pipe_nr :
1971 				    pipe.fs.fs_nr);
1972 			}
1973 		} else {
1974 			rulenum =  (i & 0xffff) | (do_set << 24);
1975 			i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL, &rulenum,
1976 			    sizeof rulenum);
1977 			if (i) {
1978 				exitval = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
1979 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_DEL)",
1980 				    rulenum);
1981 			}
1982 		}
1983 	}
1984 	if (exitval != EX_OK)
1985 		exit(exitval);
1986 }
1987 
1988 
1989 /*
1990  * fill the interface structure. We do not check the name as we can
1991  * create interfaces dynamically, so checking them at insert time
1992  * makes relatively little sense.
1993  * A '*' following the name means any unit.
1994  */
1995 static void
1996 fill_iface(ipfw_insn_if *cmd, char *arg)
1997 {
1998 	cmd->name[0] = '\0';
1999 	cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_if);
2000 
2001 	/* Parse the interface or address */
2002 	if (!strcmp(arg, "any"))
2003 		cmd->o.len = 0;		/* effectively ignore this command */
2004 	else if (!isdigit(*arg)) {
2005 		char *q;
2006 
2007 		strncpy(cmd->name, arg, sizeof(cmd->name));
2008 		cmd->name[sizeof(cmd->name) - 1] = '\0';
2009 		/* find first digit or wildcard */
2010 		for (q = cmd->name; *q && !isdigit(*q) && *q != '*'; q++)
2011 			continue;
2012 		cmd->p.unit = (*q == '*') ? -1 : atoi(q);
2013 		*q = '\0';
2014 	} else if (!inet_aton(arg, &cmd->p.ip))
2015 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad ip address ``%s''", arg);
2016 }
2017 
2018 /*
2019  * the following macro returns an error message if we run out of
2020  * arguments.
2021  */
2022 #define	NEED1(msg)	{if (!ac) errx(EX_USAGE, msg);}
2023 
2024 static void
2025 config_pipe(int ac, char **av)
2026 {
2027 	struct dn_pipe pipe;
2028 	int i;
2029 	char *end;
2030 	u_int32_t a;
2031 	void *par = NULL;
2032 
2033 	memset(&pipe, 0, sizeof pipe);
2034 
2035 	av++; ac--;
2036 	/* Pipe number */
2037 	if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
2038 		i = atoi(*av); av++; ac--;
2039 		if (do_pipe == 1)
2040 			pipe.pipe_nr = i;
2041 		else
2042 			pipe.fs.fs_nr = i;
2043 	}
2044 	while (ac > 0) {
2045 		double d;
2046 		int tok = match_token(dummynet_params, *av);
2047 		ac--; av++;
2048 
2049 		switch(tok) {
2050 		case TOK_NOERROR:
2051 			pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_NOERROR;
2052 			break;
2053 
2054 		case TOK_PLR:
2055 			NEED1("plr needs argument 0..1\n");
2056 			d = strtod(av[0], NULL);
2057 			if (d > 1)
2058 				d = 1;
2059 			else if (d < 0)
2060 				d = 0;
2061 			pipe.fs.plr = (int)(d*0x7fffffff);
2062 			ac--; av++;
2063 			break;
2064 
2065 		case TOK_QUEUE:
2066 			NEED1("queue needs queue size\n");
2067 			end = NULL;
2068 			pipe.fs.qsize = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2069 			if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k') {
2070 				pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES;
2071 				pipe.fs.qsize *= 1024;
2072 			} else if (*end == 'B' || !strncmp(end, "by", 2)) {
2073 				pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES;
2074 			}
2075 			ac--; av++;
2076 			break;
2077 
2078 		case TOK_BUCKETS:
2079 			NEED1("buckets needs argument\n");
2080 			pipe.fs.rq_size = strtoul(av[0], NULL, 0);
2081 			ac--; av++;
2082 			break;
2083 
2084 		case TOK_MASK:
2085 			NEED1("mask needs mask specifier\n");
2086 			/*
2087 			 * per-flow queue, mask is dst_ip, dst_port,
2088 			 * src_ip, src_port, proto measured in bits
2089 			 */
2090 			par = NULL;
2091 
2092 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip = 0;
2093 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_ip = 0;
2094 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_port = 0;
2095 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_port = 0;
2096 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.proto = 0;
2097 			end = NULL;
2098 
2099 			while (ac >= 1) {
2100 			    u_int32_t *p32 = NULL;
2101 			    u_int16_t *p16 = NULL;
2102 
2103 			    tok = match_token(dummynet_params, *av);
2104 			    ac--; av++;
2105 			    switch(tok) {
2106 			    case TOK_ALL:
2107 				    /*
2108 				     * special case, all bits significant
2109 				     */
2110 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip = ~0;
2111 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_ip = ~0;
2112 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_port = ~0;
2113 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_port = ~0;
2114 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.proto = ~0;
2115 				    pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_HAVE_FLOW_MASK;
2116 				    goto end_mask;
2117 
2118 			    case TOK_DSTIP:
2119 				    p32 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip;
2120 				    break;
2121 
2122 			    case TOK_SRCIP:
2123 				    p32 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_ip;
2124 				    break;
2125 
2126 			    case TOK_DSTPORT:
2127 				    p16 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_port;
2128 				    break;
2129 
2130 			    case TOK_SRCPORT:
2131 				    p16 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_port;
2132 				    break;
2133 
2134 			    case TOK_PROTO:
2135 				    break;
2136 
2137 			    default:
2138 				    ac++; av--; /* backtrack */
2139 				    goto end_mask;
2140 			    }
2141 			    if (ac < 1)
2142 				    errx(EX_USAGE, "mask: value missing");
2143 			    if (*av[0] == '/') {
2144 				    a = strtoul(av[0]+1, &end, 0);
2145 				    a = (a == 32) ? ~0 : (1 << a) - 1;
2146 			    } else
2147 				    a = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2148 			    if (p32 != NULL)
2149 				    *p32 = a;
2150 			    else if (p16 != NULL) {
2151 				    if (a > 65535)
2152 					    errx(EX_DATAERR,
2153 						"mask: must be 16 bit");
2154 				    *p16 = (u_int16_t)a;
2155 			    } else {
2156 				    if (a > 255)
2157 					    errx(EX_DATAERR,
2158 						"mask: must be 8 bit");
2159 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.proto = (u_int8_t)a;
2160 			    }
2161 			    if (a != 0)
2162 				    pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_HAVE_FLOW_MASK;
2163 			    ac--; av++;
2164 			} /* end while, config masks */
2165 end_mask:
2166 			break;
2167 
2168 		case TOK_RED:
2169 		case TOK_GRED:
2170 			NEED1("red/gred needs w_q/min_th/max_th/max_p\n");
2171 			pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_IS_RED;
2172 			if (tok == TOK_GRED)
2173 				pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_IS_GENTLE_RED;
2174 			/*
2175 			 * the format for parameters is w_q/min_th/max_th/max_p
2176 			 */
2177 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2178 			    double w_q = strtod(end, NULL);
2179 			    if (w_q > 1 || w_q <= 0)
2180 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "0 < w_q <= 1");
2181 			    pipe.fs.w_q = (int) (w_q * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2182 			}
2183 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2184 			    pipe.fs.min_th = strtoul(end, &end, 0);
2185 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k')
2186 				pipe.fs.min_th *= 1024;
2187 			}
2188 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2189 			    pipe.fs.max_th = strtoul(end, &end, 0);
2190 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k')
2191 				pipe.fs.max_th *= 1024;
2192 			}
2193 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2194 			    double max_p = strtod(end, NULL);
2195 			    if (max_p > 1 || max_p <= 0)
2196 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "0 < max_p <= 1");
2197 			    pipe.fs.max_p = (int)(max_p * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2198 			}
2199 			ac--; av++;
2200 			break;
2201 
2202 		case TOK_DROPTAIL:
2203 			pipe.fs.flags_fs &= ~(DN_IS_RED|DN_IS_GENTLE_RED);
2204 			break;
2205 
2206 		case TOK_BW:
2207 			NEED1("bw needs bandwidth or interface\n");
2208 			if (do_pipe != 1)
2209 			    errx(EX_DATAERR, "bandwidth only valid for pipes");
2210 			/*
2211 			 * set clocking interface or bandwidth value
2212 			 */
2213 			if (av[0][0] >= 'a' && av[0][0] <= 'z') {
2214 			    int l = sizeof(pipe.if_name)-1;
2215 			    /* interface name */
2216 			    strncpy(pipe.if_name, av[0], l);
2217 			    pipe.if_name[l] = '\0';
2218 			    pipe.bandwidth = 0;
2219 			} else {
2220 			    pipe.if_name[0] = '\0';
2221 			    pipe.bandwidth = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2222 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k') {
2223 				end++;
2224 				pipe.bandwidth *= 1000;
2225 			    } else if (*end == 'M') {
2226 				end++;
2227 				pipe.bandwidth *= 1000000;
2228 			    }
2229 			    if (*end == 'B' || !strncmp(end, "by", 2))
2230 				pipe.bandwidth *= 8;
2231 			    if (pipe.bandwidth < 0)
2232 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "bandwidth too large");
2233 			}
2234 			ac--; av++;
2235 			break;
2236 
2237 		case TOK_DELAY:
2238 			if (do_pipe != 1)
2239 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "delay only valid for pipes");
2240 			NEED1("delay needs argument 0..10000ms\n");
2241 			pipe.delay = strtoul(av[0], NULL, 0);
2242 			ac--; av++;
2243 			break;
2244 
2245 		case TOK_WEIGHT:
2246 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2247 				errx(EX_DATAERR,"weight only valid for queues");
2248 			NEED1("weight needs argument 0..100\n");
2249 			pipe.fs.weight = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2250 			ac--; av++;
2251 			break;
2252 
2253 		case TOK_PIPE:
2254 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2255 				errx(EX_DATAERR,"pipe only valid for queues");
2256 			NEED1("pipe needs pipe_number\n");
2257 			pipe.fs.parent_nr = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2258 			ac--; av++;
2259 			break;
2260 
2261 		default:
2262 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "unrecognised option ``%s''", *av);
2263 		}
2264 	}
2265 	if (do_pipe == 1) {
2266 		if (pipe.pipe_nr == 0)
2267 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "pipe_nr must be > 0");
2268 		if (pipe.delay > 10000)
2269 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "delay must be < 10000");
2270 	} else { /* do_pipe == 2, queue */
2271 		if (pipe.fs.parent_nr == 0)
2272 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "pipe must be > 0");
2273 		if (pipe.fs.weight >100)
2274 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "weight must be <= 100");
2275 	}
2276 	if (pipe.fs.flags_fs & DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES) {
2277 		if (pipe.fs.qsize > 1024*1024)
2278 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "queue size must be < 1MB");
2279 	} else {
2280 		if (pipe.fs.qsize > 100)
2281 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "2 <= queue size <= 100");
2282 	}
2283 	if (pipe.fs.flags_fs & DN_IS_RED) {
2284 		size_t len;
2285 		int lookup_depth, avg_pkt_size;
2286 		double s, idle, weight, w_q;
2287 		struct clockinfo clock;
2288 		int t;
2289 
2290 		if (pipe.fs.min_th >= pipe.fs.max_th)
2291 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "min_th %d must be < than max_th %d",
2292 			pipe.fs.min_th, pipe.fs.max_th);
2293 		if (pipe.fs.max_th == 0)
2294 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "max_th must be > 0");
2295 
2296 		len = sizeof(int);
2297 		if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth",
2298 			&lookup_depth, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2299 
2300 		    errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
2301 			"net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth");
2302 		if (lookup_depth == 0)
2303 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth"
2304 			" must be greater than zero");
2305 
2306 		len = sizeof(int);
2307 		if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size",
2308 			&avg_pkt_size, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2309 
2310 		    errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
2311 			"net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size");
2312 		if (avg_pkt_size == 0)
2313 			errx(EX_DATAERR,
2314 			    "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size must"
2315 			    " be greater than zero");
2316 
2317 		len = sizeof(struct clockinfo);
2318 		if (sysctlbyname("kern.clockrate", &clock, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2319 			errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")", "kern.clockrate");
2320 
2321 		/*
2322 		 * Ticks needed for sending a medium-sized packet.
2323 		 * Unfortunately, when we are configuring a WF2Q+ queue, we
2324 		 * do not have bandwidth information, because that is stored
2325 		 * in the parent pipe, and also we have multiple queues
2326 		 * competing for it. So we set s=0, which is not very
2327 		 * correct. But on the other hand, why do we want RED with
2328 		 * WF2Q+ ?
2329 		 */
2330 		if (pipe.bandwidth==0) /* this is a WF2Q+ queue */
2331 			s = 0;
2332 		else
2333 			s = clock.hz * avg_pkt_size * 8 / pipe.bandwidth;
2334 
2335 		/*
2336 		 * max idle time (in ticks) before avg queue size becomes 0.
2337 		 * NOTA:  (3/w_q) is approx the value x so that
2338 		 * (1-w_q)^x < 10^-3.
2339 		 */
2340 		w_q = ((double)pipe.fs.w_q) / (1 << SCALE_RED);
2341 		idle = s * 3. / w_q;
2342 		pipe.fs.lookup_step = (int)idle / lookup_depth;
2343 		if (!pipe.fs.lookup_step)
2344 			pipe.fs.lookup_step = 1;
2345 		weight = 1 - w_q;
2346 		for (t = pipe.fs.lookup_step; t > 0; --t)
2347 			weight *= weight;
2348 		pipe.fs.lookup_weight = (int)(weight * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2349 	}
2350 	i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE, &pipe,
2351 			    sizeof pipe);
2352 	if (i)
2353 		err(1, "setsockopt(%s)", "IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE");
2354 }
2355 
2356 static void
2357 get_mac_addr_mask(char *p, u_char *addr, u_char *mask)
2358 {
2359 	int i, l;
2360 
2361 	for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2362 		addr[i] = mask[i] = 0;
2363 	if (!strcmp(p, "any"))
2364 		return;
2365 
2366 	for (i=0; *p && i<6;i++, p++) {
2367 		addr[i] = strtol(p, &p, 16);
2368 		if (*p != ':') /* we start with the mask */
2369 			break;
2370 	}
2371 	if (*p == '/') { /* mask len */
2372 		l = strtol(p+1, &p, 0);
2373 		for (i=0; l>0; l -=8, i++)
2374 			mask[i] = (l >=8) ? 0xff : (~0) << (8-l);
2375 	} else if (*p == '&') { /* mask */
2376 		for (i=0, p++; *p && i<6;i++, p++) {
2377 			mask[i] = strtol(p, &p, 16);
2378 			if (*p != ':')
2379 				break;
2380 		}
2381 	} else if (*p == '\0') {
2382 		for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2383 			mask[i] = 0xff;
2384 	}
2385 	for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2386 		addr[i] &= mask[i];
2387 }
2388 
2389 /*
2390  * helper function, updates the pointer to cmd with the length
2391  * of the current command, and also cleans up the first word of
2392  * the new command in case it has been clobbered before.
2393  */
2394 static ipfw_insn *
2395 next_cmd(ipfw_insn *cmd)
2396 {
2397 	cmd += F_LEN(cmd);
2398 	bzero(cmd, sizeof(*cmd));
2399 	return cmd;
2400 }
2401 
2402 /*
2403  * A function to fill simple commands of size 1.
2404  * Existing flags are preserved.
2405  */
2406 static void
2407 fill_cmd(ipfw_insn *cmd, enum ipfw_opcodes opcode, int flags, u_int16_t arg)
2408 {
2409 	cmd->opcode = opcode;
2410 	cmd->len =  ((cmd->len | flags) & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | 1;
2411 	cmd->arg1 = arg;
2412 }
2413 
2414 /*
2415  * Fetch and add the MAC address and type, with masks. This generates one or
2416  * two microinstructions, and returns the pointer to the last one.
2417  */
2418 static ipfw_insn *
2419 add_mac(ipfw_insn *cmd, int ac, char *av[])
2420 {
2421 	ipfw_insn_mac *mac;
2422 
2423 	if (ac < 2)
2424 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "MAC dst src");
2425 
2426 	cmd->opcode = O_MACADDR2;
2427 	cmd->len = (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_mac);
2428 
2429 	mac = (ipfw_insn_mac *)cmd;
2430 	get_mac_addr_mask(av[0], mac->addr, mac->mask);	/* dst */
2431 	get_mac_addr_mask(av[1], &(mac->addr[6]), &(mac->mask[6])); /* src */
2432 	return cmd;
2433 }
2434 
2435 static ipfw_insn *
2436 add_mactype(ipfw_insn *cmd, int ac, char *av)
2437 {
2438 	if (ac < 1)
2439 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "missing MAC type");
2440 	if (strcmp(av, "any") != 0) { /* we have a non-null type */
2441 		fill_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, av, IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE);
2442 		cmd->opcode = O_MAC_TYPE;
2443 		return cmd;
2444 	} else
2445 		return NULL;
2446 }
2447 
2448 static ipfw_insn *
2449 add_proto(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2450 {
2451 	struct protoent *pe;
2452 	u_char proto = 0;
2453 
2454 	if (!strncmp(av, "all", strlen(av)))
2455 		; /* same as "ip" */
2456 	else if ((proto = atoi(av)) > 0)
2457 		; /* all done! */
2458 	else if ((pe = getprotobyname(av)) != NULL)
2459 		proto = pe->p_proto;
2460 	else
2461 		return NULL;
2462 	if (proto != IPPROTO_IP)
2463 		fill_cmd(cmd, O_PROTO, 0, proto);
2464 	return cmd;
2465 }
2466 
2467 static ipfw_insn *
2468 add_srcip(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2469 {
2470 	fill_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd, av);
2471 	if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_SET)			/* set */
2472 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_SET;
2473 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))		/* me */
2474 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_ME;
2475 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))	/* one IP */
2476 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC;
2477 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_ip))	/* addr/mask */
2478 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_MASK;
2479 	return cmd;
2480 }
2481 
2482 static ipfw_insn *
2483 add_dstip(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2484 {
2485 	fill_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd, av);
2486 	if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_SET)			/* set */
2487 		;
2488 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))		/* me */
2489 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST_ME;
2490 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))	/* one IP */
2491 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST;
2492 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_ip))	/* addr/mask */
2493 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST_MASK;
2494 	return cmd;
2495 }
2496 
2497 static ipfw_insn *
2498 add_ports(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av, u_char proto, int opcode)
2499 {
2500 	if (!strncmp(av, "any", strlen(av))) {
2501 		return NULL;
2502 	} else if (fill_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, av, proto)) {
2503 		/* XXX todo: check that we have a protocol with ports */
2504 		cmd->opcode = opcode;
2505 		return cmd;
2506 	}
2507 	return NULL;
2508 }
2509 
2510 /*
2511  * Parse arguments and assemble the microinstructions which make up a rule.
2512  * Rules are added into the 'rulebuf' and then copied in the correct order
2513  * into the actual rule.
2514  *
2515  * The syntax for a rule starts with the action, followed by an
2516  * optional log action, and the various match patterns.
2517  * In the assembled microcode, the first opcode must be an O_PROBE_STATE
2518  * (generated if the rule includes a keep-state option), then the
2519  * various match patterns, the "log" action, and the actual action.
2520  *
2521  */
2522 static void
2523 add(int ac, char *av[])
2524 {
2525 	/*
2526 	 * rules are added into the 'rulebuf' and then copied in
2527 	 * the correct order into the actual rule.
2528 	 * Some things that need to go out of order (prob, action etc.)
2529 	 * go into actbuf[].
2530 	 */
2531 	static u_int32_t rulebuf[255], actbuf[255], cmdbuf[255];
2532 
2533 	ipfw_insn *src, *dst, *cmd, *action, *prev;
2534 	ipfw_insn *first_cmd;	/* first match pattern */
2535 
2536 	struct ip_fw *rule;
2537 
2538 	/*
2539 	 * various flags used to record that we entered some fields.
2540 	 */
2541 	ipfw_insn *have_state = NULL;	/* check-state or keep-state */
2542 
2543 	int i;
2544 
2545 	int open_par = 0;	/* open parenthesis ( */
2546 
2547 	/* proto is here because it is used to fetch ports */
2548 	u_char proto = IPPROTO_IP;	/* default protocol */
2549 
2550 	double match_prob = 1; /* match probability, default is always match */
2551 
2552 	bzero(actbuf, sizeof(actbuf));		/* actions go here */
2553 	bzero(cmdbuf, sizeof(cmdbuf));
2554 	bzero(rulebuf, sizeof(rulebuf));
2555 
2556 	rule = (struct ip_fw *)rulebuf;
2557 	cmd = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf;
2558 	action = (ipfw_insn *)actbuf;
2559 
2560 	av++; ac--;
2561 
2562 	/* [rule N]	-- Rule number optional */
2563 	if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
2564 		rule->rulenum = atoi(*av);
2565 		av++;
2566 		ac--;
2567 	}
2568 
2569 	/* [set N]	-- set number (0..30), optional */
2570 	if (ac > 1 && !strncmp(*av, "set", strlen(*av))) {
2571 		int set = strtoul(av[1], NULL, 10);
2572 		if (set < 0 || set > 30)
2573 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal set %s", av[1]);
2574 		rule->set = set;
2575 		av += 2; ac -= 2;
2576 	}
2577 
2578 	/* [prob D]	-- match probability, optional */
2579 	if (ac > 1 && !strncmp(*av, "prob", strlen(*av))) {
2580 		match_prob = strtod(av[1], NULL);
2581 
2582 		if (match_prob <= 0 || match_prob > 1)
2583 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal match prob. %s", av[1]);
2584 		av += 2; ac -= 2;
2585 	}
2586 
2587 	/* action	-- mandatory */
2588 	NEED1("missing action");
2589 	i = match_token(rule_actions, *av);
2590 	ac--; av++;
2591 	action->len = 1;	/* default */
2592 	switch(i) {
2593 	case TOK_CHECKSTATE:
2594 		have_state = action;
2595 		action->opcode = O_CHECK_STATE;
2596 		break;
2597 
2598 	case TOK_ACCEPT:
2599 		action->opcode = O_ACCEPT;
2600 		break;
2601 
2602 	case TOK_DENY:
2603 		action->opcode = O_DENY;
2604 		action->arg1 = 0;
2605 		break;
2606 
2607 	case TOK_REJECT:
2608 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
2609 		action->arg1 = ICMP_UNREACH_HOST;
2610 		break;
2611 
2612 	case TOK_RESET:
2613 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
2614 		action->arg1 = ICMP_REJECT_RST;
2615 		break;
2616 
2617 	case TOK_UNREACH:
2618 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
2619 		NEED1("missing reject code");
2620 		fill_reject_code(&action->arg1, *av);
2621 		ac--; av++;
2622 		break;
2623 
2624 	case TOK_COUNT:
2625 		action->opcode = O_COUNT;
2626 		break;
2627 
2628 	case TOK_QUEUE:
2629 	case TOK_PIPE:
2630 		action->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_pipe);
2631 	case TOK_SKIPTO:
2632 		if (i == TOK_QUEUE)
2633 			action->opcode = O_QUEUE;
2634 		else if (i == TOK_PIPE)
2635 			action->opcode = O_PIPE;
2636 		else if (i == TOK_SKIPTO)
2637 			action->opcode = O_SKIPTO;
2638 		NEED1("missing skipto/pipe/queue number");
2639 		action->arg1 = strtoul(*av, NULL, 10);
2640 		av++; ac--;
2641 		break;
2642 
2643 	case TOK_DIVERT:
2644 	case TOK_TEE:
2645 		action->opcode = (i == TOK_DIVERT) ? O_DIVERT : O_TEE;
2646 		NEED1("missing divert/tee port");
2647 		action->arg1 = strtoul(*av, NULL, 0);
2648 		if (action->arg1 == 0) {
2649 			struct servent *s;
2650 			setservent(1);
2651 			s = getservbyname(av[0], "divert");
2652 			if (s != NULL)
2653 				action->arg1 = ntohs(s->s_port);
2654 			else
2655 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal divert/tee port");
2656 		}
2657 		ac--; av++;
2658 		break;
2659 
2660 	case TOK_FORWARD: {
2661 		ipfw_insn_sa *p = (ipfw_insn_sa *)action;
2662 		char *s, *end;
2663 
2664 		NEED1("missing forward address[:port]");
2665 
2666 		action->opcode = O_FORWARD_IP;
2667 		action->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_sa);
2668 
2669 		p->sa.sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
2670 		p->sa.sin_family = AF_INET;
2671 		p->sa.sin_port = 0;
2672 		/*
2673 		 * locate the address-port separator (':' or ',')
2674 		 */
2675 		s = strchr(*av, ':');
2676 		if (s == NULL)
2677 			s = strchr(*av, ',');
2678 		if (s != NULL) {
2679 			*(s++) = '\0';
2680 			i = strtoport(s, &end, 0 /* base */, 0 /* proto */);
2681 			if (s == end)
2682 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
2683 				    "illegal forwarding port ``%s''", s);
2684 			p->sa.sin_port = (u_short)i;
2685 		}
2686 		lookup_host(*av, &(p->sa.sin_addr));
2687 		}
2688 		ac--; av++;
2689 		break;
2690 
2691 	default:
2692 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid action %s\n", av[-1]);
2693 	}
2694 	action = next_cmd(action);
2695 
2696 	/*
2697 	 * [log [logamount N]]	-- log, optional
2698 	 *
2699 	 * If exists, it goes first in the cmdbuf, but then it is
2700 	 * skipped in the copy section to the end of the buffer.
2701 	 */
2702 	if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "log", strlen(*av))) {
2703 		ipfw_insn_log *c = (ipfw_insn_log *)cmd;
2704 
2705 		cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_log);
2706 		cmd->opcode = O_LOG;
2707 		av++; ac--;
2708 		if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "logamount", strlen(*av))) {
2709 			ac--; av++;
2710 			NEED1("logamount requires argument");
2711 			c->max_log = atoi(*av);
2712 			if (c->max_log < 0)
2713 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "logamount must be positive");
2714 			ac--; av++;
2715 		}
2716 		cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2717 	}
2718 
2719 	if (have_state)	/* must be a check-state, we are done */
2720 		goto done;
2721 
2722 #define OR_START(target)					\
2723 	if (ac && (*av[0] == '(' || *av[0] == '{')) {		\
2724 		if (open_par)					\
2725 			errx(EX_USAGE, "nested \"(\" not allowed\n"); \
2726 		prev = NULL;					\
2727 		open_par = 1;					\
2728 		if ( (av[0])[1] == '\0') {			\
2729 			ac--; av++;				\
2730 		} else						\
2731 			(*av)++;				\
2732 	}							\
2733 	target:							\
2734 
2735 
2736 #define	CLOSE_PAR						\
2737 	if (open_par) {						\
2738 		if (ac && (					\
2739 		    !strncmp(*av, ")", strlen(*av)) ||		\
2740 		    !strncmp(*av, "}", strlen(*av)) )) {	\
2741 			prev = NULL;				\
2742 			open_par = 0;				\
2743 			ac--; av++;				\
2744 		} else						\
2745 			errx(EX_USAGE, "missing \")\"\n");	\
2746 	}
2747 
2748 #define NOT_BLOCK						\
2749 	if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "not", strlen(*av))) {		\
2750 		if (cmd->len & F_NOT)				\
2751 			errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n"); \
2752 		cmd->len |= F_NOT;				\
2753 		ac--; av++;					\
2754 	}
2755 
2756 #define OR_BLOCK(target)					\
2757 	if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "or", strlen(*av))) {		\
2758 		if (prev == NULL || open_par == 0)		\
2759 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid OR block");	\
2760 		prev->len |= F_OR;				\
2761 		ac--; av++;					\
2762 		goto target;					\
2763 	}							\
2764 	CLOSE_PAR;
2765 
2766 	first_cmd = cmd;
2767 
2768 #if 0
2769 	/*
2770 	 * MAC addresses, optional.
2771 	 * If we have this, we skip the part "proto from src to dst"
2772 	 * and jump straight to the option parsing.
2773 	 */
2774 	NOT_BLOCK;
2775 	NEED1("missing protocol");
2776 	if (!strncmp(*av, "MAC", strlen(*av)) ||
2777 	    !strncmp(*av, "mac", strlen(*av))) {
2778 		ac--; av++;	/* the "MAC" keyword */
2779 		add_mac(cmd, ac, av); /* exits in case of errors */
2780 		cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2781 		ac -= 2; av += 2;	/* dst-mac and src-mac */
2782 		NOT_BLOCK;
2783 		NEED1("missing mac type");
2784 		if (add_mactype(cmd, ac, av[0]))
2785 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2786 		ac--; av++;	/* any or mac-type */
2787 		goto read_options;
2788 	}
2789 #endif
2790 
2791 	/*
2792 	 * protocol, mandatory
2793 	 */
2794     OR_START(get_proto);
2795 	NOT_BLOCK;
2796 	NEED1("missing protocol");
2797 	if (add_proto(cmd, *av)) {
2798 		av++; ac--;
2799 		if (F_LEN(cmd) == 0)	/* plain IP */
2800 			proto = 0;
2801 		else {
2802 			proto = cmd->arg1;
2803 			prev = cmd;
2804 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2805 		}
2806 	} else if (first_cmd != cmd) {
2807 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid protocol ``%s''", *av);
2808 	} else
2809 		goto read_options;
2810     OR_BLOCK(get_proto);
2811 
2812 	/*
2813 	 * "from", mandatory
2814 	 */
2815 	if (!ac || strncmp(*av, "from", strlen(*av)))
2816 		errx(EX_USAGE, "missing ``from''");
2817 	ac--; av++;
2818 
2819 	/*
2820 	 * source IP, mandatory
2821 	 */
2822     OR_START(source_ip);
2823 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2824 	NEED1("missing source address");
2825 	if (add_srcip(cmd, *av)) {
2826 		ac--; av++;
2827 		if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0) {	/* ! any */
2828 			prev = cmd;
2829 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2830 		}
2831 	}
2832     OR_BLOCK(source_ip);
2833 
2834 	/*
2835 	 * source ports, optional
2836 	 */
2837 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2838 	if (ac) {
2839 		if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
2840 		    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_SRCPORT)) {
2841 			ac--; av++;
2842 			if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0)
2843 				cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2844 		}
2845 	}
2846 
2847 	/*
2848 	 * "to", mandatory
2849 	 */
2850 	if (!ac || strncmp(*av, "to", strlen(*av)))
2851 		errx(EX_USAGE, "missing ``to''");
2852 	av++; ac--;
2853 
2854 	/*
2855 	 * destination, mandatory
2856 	 */
2857     OR_START(dest_ip);
2858 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2859 	NEED1("missing dst address");
2860 	if (add_dstip(cmd, *av)) {
2861 		ac--; av++;
2862 		if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0) {	/* ! any */
2863 			prev = cmd;
2864 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2865 		}
2866 	}
2867     OR_BLOCK(dest_ip);
2868 
2869 	/*
2870 	 * dest. ports, optional
2871 	 */
2872 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2873 	if (ac) {
2874 		if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
2875 		    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_DSTPORT)) {
2876 			ac--; av++;
2877 			if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0)
2878 				cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2879 		}
2880 	}
2881 
2882 read_options:
2883 	if (ac && first_cmd == cmd) {
2884 		/*
2885 		 * nothing specified so far, store in the rule to ease
2886 		 * printout later.
2887 		 */
2888 		 rule->_pad = 1;
2889 	}
2890 	prev = NULL;
2891 	while (ac) {
2892 		char *s;
2893 		ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd32;	/* alias for cmd */
2894 
2895 		s = *av;
2896 		cmd32 = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
2897 
2898 		if (*s == '!') {	/* alternate syntax for NOT */
2899 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
2900 				errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n");
2901 			cmd->len = F_NOT;
2902 			s++;
2903 		}
2904 		i = match_token(rule_options, s);
2905 		ac--; av++;
2906 		switch(i) {
2907 		case TOK_NOT:
2908 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
2909 				errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n");
2910 			cmd->len = F_NOT;
2911 			break;
2912 
2913 		case TOK_OR:
2914 			if (open_par == 0 || prev == NULL)
2915 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid \"or\" block\n");
2916 			prev->len |= F_OR;
2917 			break;
2918 
2919 		case TOK_STARTBRACE:
2920 			if (open_par)
2921 				errx(EX_USAGE, "+nested \"(\" not allowed\n");
2922 			open_par = 1;
2923 			break;
2924 
2925 		case TOK_ENDBRACE:
2926 			if (!open_par)
2927 				errx(EX_USAGE, "+missing \")\"\n");
2928 			open_par = 0;
2929 			prev = NULL;
2930         		break;
2931 
2932 		case TOK_IN:
2933 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IN, 0, 0);
2934 			break;
2935 
2936 		case TOK_OUT:
2937 			cmd->len ^= F_NOT; /* toggle F_NOT */
2938 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IN, 0, 0);
2939 			break;
2940 
2941 		case TOK_FRAG:
2942 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_FRAG, 0, 0);
2943 			break;
2944 
2945 		case TOK_LAYER2:
2946 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_LAYER2, 0, 0);
2947 			break;
2948 
2949 		case TOK_XMIT:
2950 		case TOK_RECV:
2951 		case TOK_VIA:
2952 			NEED1("recv, xmit, via require interface name"
2953 				" or address");
2954 			fill_iface((ipfw_insn_if *)cmd, av[0]);
2955 			ac--; av++;
2956 			if (F_LEN(cmd) == 0)	/* not a valid address */
2957 				break;
2958 			if (i == TOK_XMIT)
2959 				cmd->opcode = O_XMIT;
2960 			else if (i == TOK_RECV)
2961 				cmd->opcode = O_RECV;
2962 			else if (i == TOK_VIA)
2963 				cmd->opcode = O_VIA;
2964 			break;
2965 
2966 		case TOK_ICMPTYPES:
2967 			NEED1("icmptypes requires list of types");
2968 			fill_icmptypes((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd, *av);
2969 			av++; ac--;
2970 			break;
2971 
2972 		case TOK_IPTTL:
2973 			NEED1("ipttl requires TTL");
2974 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPTTL, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
2975 			ac--; av++;
2976 			break;
2977 
2978 		case TOK_IPID:
2979 			NEED1("ipid requires length");
2980 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPID, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
2981 			ac--; av++;
2982 			break;
2983 
2984 		case TOK_IPLEN:
2985 			NEED1("iplen requires length");
2986 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPLEN, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
2987 			ac--; av++;
2988 			break;
2989 
2990 		case TOK_IPVER:
2991 			NEED1("ipver requires version");
2992 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPVER, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
2993 			ac--; av++;
2994 			break;
2995 
2996 		case TOK_IPPRECEDENCE:
2997 			NEED1("ipprecedence requires value");
2998 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPPRECEDENCE, 0,
2999 			    (strtoul(*av, NULL, 0) & 7) << 5);
3000 			ac--; av++;
3001 			break;
3002 
3003 		case TOK_IPOPTS:
3004 			NEED1("missing argument for ipoptions");
3005 			fill_flags(cmd, O_IPOPT, f_ipopts, *av);
3006 			ac--; av++;
3007 			break;
3008 
3009 		case TOK_IPTOS:
3010 			NEED1("missing argument for iptos");
3011 			fill_flags(cmd, O_IPTOS, f_iptos, *av);
3012 			ac--; av++;
3013 			break;
3014 
3015 		case TOK_UID:
3016 			NEED1("uid requires argument");
3017 		    {
3018 			char *end;
3019 			uid_t uid;
3020 			struct passwd *pwd;
3021 
3022 			cmd->opcode = O_UID;
3023 			uid = strtoul(*av, &end, 0);
3024 			pwd = (*end == '\0') ? getpwuid(uid) : getpwnam(*av);
3025 			if (pwd == NULL)
3026 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "uid \"%s\" nonexistent", *av);
3027 			cmd32->d[0] = pwd->pw_uid;
3028 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3029 			ac--; av++;
3030 		    }
3031 			break;
3032 
3033 		case TOK_GID:
3034 			NEED1("gid requires argument");
3035 		    {
3036 			char *end;
3037 			gid_t gid;
3038 			struct group *grp;
3039 
3040 			cmd->opcode = O_GID;
3041 			gid = strtoul(*av, &end, 0);
3042 			grp = (*end == '\0') ? getgrgid(gid) : getgrnam(*av);
3043 			if (grp == NULL)
3044 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "gid \"%s\" nonexistent", *av);
3045 			cmd32->d[0] = grp->gr_gid;
3046 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3047 			ac--; av++;
3048 		    }
3049 			break;
3050 
3051 		case TOK_ESTAB:
3052 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_ESTAB, 0, 0);
3053 			break;
3054 
3055 		case TOK_SETUP:
3056 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_TCPFLAGS, 0,
3057 				(TH_SYN) | ( (TH_ACK) & 0xff) <<8 );
3058 			break;
3059 
3060 		case TOK_TCPOPTS:
3061 			NEED1("missing argument for tcpoptions");
3062 			fill_flags(cmd, O_TCPOPTS, f_tcpopts, *av);
3063 			ac--; av++;
3064 			break;
3065 
3066 		case TOK_TCPSEQ:
3067 		case TOK_TCPACK:
3068 			NEED1("tcpseq/tcpack requires argument");
3069 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3070 			cmd->opcode = (i == TOK_TCPSEQ) ? O_TCPSEQ : O_TCPACK;
3071 			cmd32->d[0] = htonl(strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3072 			ac--; av++;
3073 			break;
3074 
3075 		case TOK_TCPWIN:
3076 			NEED1("tcpwin requires length");
3077 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_TCPWIN, 0,
3078 			    htons(strtoul(*av, NULL, 0)));
3079 			ac--; av++;
3080 			break;
3081 
3082 		case TOK_TCPFLAGS:
3083 			NEED1("missing argument for tcpflags");
3084 			cmd->opcode = O_TCPFLAGS;
3085 			fill_flags(cmd, O_TCPFLAGS, f_tcpflags, *av);
3086 			ac--; av++;
3087 			break;
3088 
3089 		case TOK_KEEPSTATE:
3090 			if (open_par)
3091 				errx(EX_USAGE, "keep-state cannot be part "
3092 				    "of an or block");
3093 			if (have_state)
3094 				errx(EX_USAGE, "only one of keep-state "
3095 					"and limit is allowed");
3096 			have_state = cmd;
3097 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_KEEP_STATE, 0, 0);
3098 			break;
3099 
3100 		case TOK_LIMIT:
3101 			if (open_par)
3102 				errx(EX_USAGE, "limit cannot be part "
3103 				    "of an or block");
3104 			if (have_state)
3105 				errx(EX_USAGE, "only one of keep-state "
3106 					"and limit is allowed");
3107 			NEED1("limit needs mask and # of connections");
3108 			have_state = cmd;
3109 		    {
3110 			ipfw_insn_limit *c = (ipfw_insn_limit *)cmd;
3111 
3112 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_limit);
3113 			cmd->opcode = O_LIMIT;
3114 			c->limit_mask = 0;
3115 			c->conn_limit = 0;
3116 			for (; ac >1 ;) {
3117 				int val;
3118 
3119 				val = match_token(limit_masks, *av);
3120 				if (val <= 0)
3121 					break;
3122 				c->limit_mask |= val;
3123 				ac--; av++;
3124 			}
3125 			c->conn_limit = atoi(*av);
3126 			if (c->conn_limit == 0)
3127 				errx(EX_USAGE, "limit: limit must be >0");
3128 			if (c->limit_mask == 0)
3129 				errx(EX_USAGE, "missing limit mask");
3130 			ac--; av++;
3131 		    }
3132 			break;
3133 
3134 		case TOK_PROTO:
3135 			NEED1("missing protocol");
3136 			if (add_proto(cmd, *av)) {
3137 				proto = cmd->arg1;
3138 				ac--; av++;
3139 			} else
3140 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid protocol ``%s''",
3141 				    *av);
3142 			break;
3143 
3144 		case TOK_SRCIP:
3145 			NEED1("missing source IP");
3146 			if (add_srcip(cmd, *av)) {
3147 				ac--; av++;
3148 			}
3149 			break;
3150 
3151 		case TOK_DSTIP:
3152 			NEED1("missing destination IP");
3153 			if (add_dstip(cmd, *av)) {
3154 				ac--; av++;
3155 			}
3156 			break;
3157 
3158 		case TOK_SRCPORT:
3159 			NEED1("missing source port");
3160 			if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
3161 			    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_SRCPORT)) {
3162 				ac--; av++;
3163 			} else
3164 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid source port %s", *av);
3165 			break;
3166 
3167 		case TOK_DSTPORT:
3168 			NEED1("missing destination port");
3169 			if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
3170 			    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_DSTPORT)) {
3171 				ac--; av++;
3172 			} else
3173 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid destination port %s",
3174 				    *av);
3175 			break;
3176 
3177 		case TOK_MAC:
3178 			if (ac < 2)
3179 				errx(EX_USAGE, "MAC dst-mac src-mac");
3180 			if (add_mac(cmd, ac, av)) {
3181 				ac -= 2; av += 2;
3182 			}
3183 			break;
3184 
3185 		case TOK_MACTYPE:
3186 			NEED1("missing mac type");
3187 			if (!add_mactype(cmd, ac, *av))
3188 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid mac type %s", *av);
3189 			ac--; av++;
3190 			break;
3191 
3192 		case TOK_VERREVPATH:
3193 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_VERREVPATH, 0, 0);
3194 			break;
3195 
3196 		default:
3197 			errx(EX_USAGE, "unrecognised option [%d] %s\n", i, s);
3198 		}
3199 		if (F_LEN(cmd) > 0) {	/* prepare to advance */
3200 			prev = cmd;
3201 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3202 		}
3203 	}
3204 
3205 done:
3206 	/*
3207 	 * Now copy stuff into the rule.
3208 	 * If we have a keep-state option, the first instruction
3209 	 * must be a PROBE_STATE (which is generated here).
3210 	 * If we have a LOG option, it was stored as the first command,
3211 	 * and now must be moved to the top of the action part.
3212 	 */
3213 	dst = (ipfw_insn *)rule->cmd;
3214 
3215 	/*
3216 	 * First thing to write into the command stream is the match probability.
3217 	 */
3218 	if (match_prob != 1) { /* 1 means always match */
3219 		dst->opcode = O_PROB;
3220 		dst->len = 2;
3221 		*((int32_t *)(dst+1)) = (int32_t)(match_prob * 0x7fffffff);
3222 		dst += dst->len;
3223 	}
3224 
3225 	/*
3226 	 * generate O_PROBE_STATE if necessary
3227 	 */
3228 	if (have_state && have_state->opcode != O_CHECK_STATE) {
3229 		fill_cmd(dst, O_PROBE_STATE, 0, 0);
3230 		dst = next_cmd(dst);
3231 	}
3232 	/*
3233 	 * copy all commands but O_LOG, O_KEEP_STATE, O_LIMIT
3234 	 */
3235 	for (src = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf; src != cmd; src += i) {
3236 		i = F_LEN(src);
3237 
3238 		switch (src->opcode) {
3239 		case O_LOG:
3240 		case O_KEEP_STATE:
3241 		case O_LIMIT:
3242 			break;
3243 		default:
3244 			bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3245 			dst += i;
3246 		}
3247 	}
3248 
3249 	/*
3250 	 * put back the have_state command as last opcode
3251 	 */
3252 	if (have_state && have_state->opcode != O_CHECK_STATE) {
3253 		i = F_LEN(have_state);
3254 		bcopy(have_state, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3255 		dst += i;
3256 	}
3257 	/*
3258 	 * start action section
3259 	 */
3260 	rule->act_ofs = dst - rule->cmd;
3261 
3262 	/*
3263 	 * put back O_LOG if necessary
3264 	 */
3265 	src = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf;
3266 	if ( src->opcode == O_LOG ) {
3267 		i = F_LEN(src);
3268 		bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3269 		dst += i;
3270 	}
3271 	/*
3272 	 * copy all other actions
3273 	 */
3274 	for (src = (ipfw_insn *)actbuf; src != action; src += i) {
3275 		i = F_LEN(src);
3276 		bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3277 		dst += i;
3278 	}
3279 
3280 	rule->cmd_len = (u_int32_t *)dst - (u_int32_t *)(rule->cmd);
3281 	i = (void *)dst - (void *)rule;
3282 	if (getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_ADD, rule, &i) == -1)
3283 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "getsockopt(%s)", "IP_FW_ADD");
3284 	if (!do_quiet)
3285 		show_ipfw(rule, 10, 10);
3286 }
3287 
3288 static void
3289 zero(int ac, char *av[])
3290 {
3291 	int rulenum;
3292 	int failed = EX_OK;
3293 
3294 	av++; ac--;
3295 
3296 	if (!ac) {
3297 		/* clear all entries */
3298 		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_ZERO, NULL, 0) < 0)
3299 			err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(%s)", "IP_FW_ZERO");
3300 		if (!do_quiet)
3301 			printf("Accounting cleared.\n");
3302 
3303 		return;
3304 	}
3305 
3306 	while (ac) {
3307 		/* Rule number */
3308 		if (isdigit(**av)) {
3309 			rulenum = atoi(*av);
3310 			av++;
3311 			ac--;
3312 			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP,
3313 			    IP_FW_ZERO, &rulenum, sizeof rulenum)) {
3314 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_ZERO)",
3315 				    rulenum);
3316 				failed = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
3317 			} else if (!do_quiet)
3318 				printf("Entry %d cleared\n", rulenum);
3319 		} else {
3320 			errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid rule number ``%s''", *av);
3321 		}
3322 	}
3323 	if (failed != EX_OK)
3324 		exit(failed);
3325 }
3326 
3327 static void
3328 resetlog(int ac, char *av[])
3329 {
3330 	int rulenum;
3331 	int failed = EX_OK;
3332 
3333 	av++; ac--;
3334 
3335 	if (!ac) {
3336 		/* clear all entries */
3337 		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_RESETLOG, NULL, 0) < 0)
3338 			err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(IP_FW_RESETLOG)");
3339 		if (!do_quiet)
3340 			printf("Logging counts reset.\n");
3341 
3342 		return;
3343 	}
3344 
3345 	while (ac) {
3346 		/* Rule number */
3347 		if (isdigit(**av)) {
3348 			rulenum = atoi(*av);
3349 			av++;
3350 			ac--;
3351 			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP,
3352 			    IP_FW_RESETLOG, &rulenum, sizeof rulenum)) {
3353 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_RESETLOG)",
3354 				    rulenum);
3355 				failed = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
3356 			} else if (!do_quiet)
3357 				printf("Entry %d logging count reset\n",
3358 				    rulenum);
3359 		} else {
3360 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid rule number ``%s''", *av);
3361 		}
3362 	}
3363 	if (failed != EX_OK)
3364 		exit(failed);
3365 }
3366 
3367 static void
3368 flush()
3369 {
3370 	int cmd = do_pipe ? IP_DUMMYNET_FLUSH : IP_FW_FLUSH;
3371 
3372 	if (!do_force && !do_quiet) { /* need to ask user */
3373 		int c;
3374 
3375 		printf("Are you sure? [yn] ");
3376 		fflush(stdout);
3377 		do {
3378 			c = toupper(getc(stdin));
3379 			while (c != '\n' && getc(stdin) != '\n')
3380 				if (feof(stdin))
3381 					return; /* and do not flush */
3382 		} while (c != 'Y' && c != 'N');
3383 		printf("\n");
3384 		if (c == 'N')	/* user said no */
3385 			return;
3386 	}
3387 	if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, cmd, NULL, 0) < 0)
3388 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(IP_%s_FLUSH)",
3389 		    do_pipe ? "DUMMYNET" : "FW");
3390 	if (!do_quiet)
3391 		printf("Flushed all %s.\n", do_pipe ? "pipes" : "rules");
3392 }
3393 
3394 static int
3395 ipfw_main(int ac, char **av)
3396 {
3397 	int ch;
3398 
3399 	if (ac == 1)
3400 		show_usage();
3401 
3402 	/* Set the force flag for non-interactive processes */
3403 	do_force = !isatty(STDIN_FILENO);
3404 
3405 	optind = optreset = 1;
3406 	while ((ch = getopt(ac, av, "hs:acdefNqStv")) != -1)
3407 		switch (ch) {
3408 		case 'h': /* help */
3409 			help();
3410 			break;	/* NOTREACHED */
3411 
3412 		case 's': /* sort */
3413 			do_sort = atoi(optarg);
3414 			break;
3415 		case 'a':
3416 			do_acct = 1;
3417 			break;
3418 		case 'c':
3419 			do_compact = 1;
3420 			break;
3421 		case 'd':
3422 			do_dynamic = 1;
3423 			break;
3424 		case 'e':
3425 			do_expired = 1;
3426 			break;
3427 		case 'f':
3428 			do_force = 1;
3429 			break;
3430 		case 'N':
3431 			do_resolv = 1;
3432 			break;
3433 		case 'q':
3434 			do_quiet = 1;
3435 			break;
3436 		case 'S':
3437 			show_sets = 1;
3438 			break;
3439 		case 't':
3440 			do_time = 1;
3441 			break;
3442 		case 'v': /* verbose */
3443 			verbose++;
3444 			break;
3445 		default:
3446 			show_usage();
3447 		}
3448 
3449 	ac -= optind;
3450 	av += optind;
3451 	NEED1("bad arguments, for usage summary ``ipfw''");
3452 
3453 	/*
3454 	 * optional: pipe or queue
3455 	 */
3456 	if (!strncmp(*av, "pipe", strlen(*av))) {
3457 		do_pipe = 1;
3458 		ac--;
3459 		av++;
3460 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "queue", strlen(*av))) {
3461 		do_pipe = 2;
3462 		ac--;
3463 		av++;
3464 	}
3465 	NEED1("missing command");
3466 
3467 	/*
3468 	 * for pipes and queues we normally say 'pipe NN config'
3469 	 * but the code is easier to parse as 'pipe config NN'
3470 	 * so we swap the two arguments.
3471 	 */
3472 	if (do_pipe > 0 && ac > 1 && *av[0] >= '0' && *av[0] <= '9') {
3473 		char *p = av[0];
3474 		av[0] = av[1];
3475 		av[1] = p;
3476 	}
3477 	if (!strncmp(*av, "add", strlen(*av)))
3478 		add(ac, av);
3479 	else if (do_pipe && !strncmp(*av, "config", strlen(*av)))
3480 		config_pipe(ac, av);
3481 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "delete", strlen(*av)))
3482 		delete(ac, av);
3483 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "flush", strlen(*av)))
3484 		flush();
3485 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "zero", strlen(*av)))
3486 		zero(ac, av);
3487 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "resetlog", strlen(*av)))
3488 		resetlog(ac, av);
3489 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "print", strlen(*av)) ||
3490 	         !strncmp(*av, "list", strlen(*av)))
3491 		list(ac, av);
3492 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "set", strlen(*av)))
3493 		sets_handler(ac, av);
3494 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "enable", strlen(*av)))
3495 		sysctl_handler(ac, av, 1);
3496 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "disable", strlen(*av)))
3497 		sysctl_handler(ac, av, 0);
3498 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "show", strlen(*av))) {
3499 		do_acct++;
3500 		list(ac, av);
3501 	} else
3502 		errx(EX_USAGE, "bad command `%s'", *av);
3503 	return 0;
3504 }
3505 
3506 
3507 static void
3508 ipfw_readfile(int ac, char *av[])
3509 {
3510 #define MAX_ARGS	32
3511 #define WHITESP		" \t\f\v\n\r"
3512 	char	buf[BUFSIZ];
3513 	char	*a, *p, *args[MAX_ARGS], *cmd = NULL;
3514 	char	linename[10];
3515 	int	i=0, lineno=0, qflag=0, pflag=0, status;
3516 	FILE	*f = NULL;
3517 	pid_t	preproc = 0;
3518 	int	c;
3519 
3520 	while ((c = getopt(ac, av, "p:q")) != -1) {
3521 		switch(c) {
3522 		case 'p':
3523 			pflag = 1;
3524 			cmd = optarg;
3525 			args[0] = cmd;
3526 			i = 1;
3527 			break;
3528 
3529 		case 'q':
3530 			qflag = 1;
3531 			break;
3532 
3533 		default:
3534 			errx(EX_USAGE, "bad arguments, for usage"
3535 			     " summary ``ipfw''");
3536 		}
3537 
3538 		if (pflag)
3539 			break;
3540 	}
3541 
3542 	if (pflag) {
3543 		/* Pass all but the last argument to the preprocessor. */
3544 		while (optind < ac - 1) {
3545 			if (i >= MAX_ARGS)
3546 				errx(EX_USAGE, "too many preprocessor options");
3547 			args[i++] = av[optind++];
3548 		}
3549 	}
3550 
3551 	av += optind;
3552 	ac -= optind;
3553 	if (ac != 1)
3554 		errx(EX_USAGE, "extraneous filename arguments");
3555 
3556 	if ((f = fopen(av[0], "r")) == NULL)
3557 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "fopen: %s", av[0]);
3558 
3559 	if (pflag) {
3560 		/* pipe through preprocessor (cpp or m4) */
3561 		int pipedes[2];
3562 
3563 		args[i] = 0;
3564 
3565 		if (pipe(pipedes) == -1)
3566 			err(EX_OSERR, "cannot create pipe");
3567 
3568 		switch((preproc = fork())) {
3569 		case -1:
3570 			err(EX_OSERR, "cannot fork");
3571 
3572 		case 0:
3573 			/* child */
3574 			if (dup2(fileno(f), 0) == -1
3575 			    || dup2(pipedes[1], 1) == -1)
3576 				err(EX_OSERR, "dup2()");
3577 			fclose(f);
3578 			close(pipedes[1]);
3579 			close(pipedes[0]);
3580 			execvp(cmd, args);
3581 			err(EX_OSERR, "execvp(%s) failed", cmd);
3582 
3583 		default:
3584 			/* parent */
3585 			fclose(f);
3586 			close(pipedes[1]);
3587 			if ((f = fdopen(pipedes[0], "r")) == NULL) {
3588 				int savederrno = errno;
3589 
3590 				(void)kill(preproc, SIGTERM);
3591 				errno = savederrno;
3592 				err(EX_OSERR, "fdopen()");
3593 			}
3594 		}
3595 	}
3596 
3597 	while (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, f)) {
3598 		lineno++;
3599 		sprintf(linename, "Line %d", lineno);
3600 		args[0] = linename;
3601 
3602 		if (*buf == '#')
3603 			continue;
3604 		if ((p = strchr(buf, '#')) != NULL)
3605 			*p = '\0';
3606 		i = 1;
3607 		if (qflag)
3608 			args[i++] = "-q";
3609 		for (a = strtok(buf, WHITESP);
3610 		    a && i < MAX_ARGS; a = strtok(NULL, WHITESP), i++)
3611 			args[i] = a;
3612 		if (i == (qflag? 2: 1))
3613 			continue;
3614 		if (i == MAX_ARGS)
3615 			errx(EX_USAGE, "%s: too many arguments",
3616 			    linename);
3617 		args[i] = NULL;
3618 
3619 		ipfw_main(i, args);
3620 	}
3621 	fclose(f);
3622 	if (pflag) {
3623 		if (waitpid(preproc, &status, 0) == -1)
3624 			errx(EX_OSERR, "waitpid()");
3625 		if (WIFEXITED(status) && WEXITSTATUS(status) != EX_OK)
3626 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
3627 			    "preprocessor exited with status %d",
3628 			    WEXITSTATUS(status));
3629 		else if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
3630 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
3631 			    "preprocessor exited with signal %d",
3632 			    WTERMSIG(status));
3633 	}
3634 }
3635 
3636 int
3637 main(int ac, char *av[])
3638 {
3639 	s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_RAW);
3640 	if (s < 0)
3641 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "socket");
3642 
3643 	/*
3644 	 * If the last argument is an absolute pathname, interpret it
3645 	 * as a file to be preprocessed.
3646 	 */
3647 
3648 	if (ac > 1 && av[ac - 1][0] == '/' && access(av[ac - 1], R_OK) == 0)
3649 		ipfw_readfile(ac, av);
3650 	else
3651 		ipfw_main(ac, av);
3652 	return EX_OK;
3653 }
3654