xref: /freebsd/sbin/ipfw/ipfw2.c (revision ba54cdcdda639bebc917b1796ecbc35a83ff8625)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2002-2003 Luigi Rizzo
3  * Copyright (c) 1996 Alex Nash, Paul Traina, Poul-Henning Kamp
4  * Copyright (c) 1994 Ugen J.S.Antsilevich
5  *
6  * Idea and grammar partially left from:
7  * Copyright (c) 1993 Daniel Boulet
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source forms, with and without modification,
10  * are permitted provided that this entire comment appears intact.
11  *
12  * Redistribution in binary form may occur without any restrictions.
13  * Obviously, it would be nice if you gave credit where credit is due
14  * but requiring it would be too onerous.
15  *
16  * This software is provided ``AS IS'' without any warranties of any kind.
17  *
18  * NEW command line interface for IP firewall facility
19  *
20  * $FreeBSD$
21  */
22 
23 #include <sys/param.h>
24 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
25 #include <sys/socket.h>
26 #include <sys/sockio.h>
27 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
28 #include <sys/time.h>
29 #include <sys/wait.h>
30 #include <sys/queue.h>
31 
32 #include <ctype.h>
33 #include <err.h>
34 #include <errno.h>
35 #include <grp.h>
36 #include <limits.h>
37 #include <netdb.h>
38 #include <pwd.h>
39 #include <signal.h>
40 #include <stdio.h>
41 #include <stdlib.h>
42 #include <stdarg.h>
43 #include <string.h>
44 #include <timeconv.h>	/* XXX do we need this ? */
45 #include <unistd.h>
46 #include <sysexits.h>
47 #include <unistd.h>
48 #include <fcntl.h>
49 
50 #include <net/if.h>
51 #include <net/pfvar.h>
52 #include <netinet/in.h>
53 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
54 #include <netinet/ip.h>
55 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
56 #include <netinet/ip_fw.h>
57 #include <netinet/ip_dummynet.h>
58 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
59 #include <arpa/inet.h>
60 
61 int
62 		do_resolv,		/* Would try to resolve all */
63 		do_time,		/* Show time stamps */
64 		do_quiet,		/* Be quiet in add and flush */
65 		do_pipe,		/* this cmd refers to a pipe */
66 		do_sort,		/* field to sort results (0 = no) */
67 		do_dynamic,		/* display dynamic rules */
68 		do_expired,		/* display expired dynamic rules */
69 		do_compact,		/* show rules in compact mode */
70 		do_force,		/* do not ask for confirmation */
71 		show_sets,		/* display rule sets */
72 		test_only,		/* only check syntax */
73 		comment_only,		/* only print action and comment */
74 		verbose;
75 
76 #define	IP_MASK_ALL	0xffffffff
77 /*
78  * the following macro returns an error message if we run out of
79  * arguments.
80  */
81 #define NEED1(msg)      {if (!ac) errx(EX_USAGE, msg);}
82 
83 /*
84  * _s_x is a structure that stores a string <-> token pairs, used in
85  * various places in the parser. Entries are stored in arrays,
86  * with an entry with s=NULL as terminator.
87  * The search routines are match_token() and match_value().
88  * Often, an element with x=0 contains an error string.
89  *
90  */
91 struct _s_x {
92 	char const *s;
93 	int x;
94 };
95 
96 static struct _s_x f_tcpflags[] = {
97 	{ "syn", TH_SYN },
98 	{ "fin", TH_FIN },
99 	{ "ack", TH_ACK },
100 	{ "psh", TH_PUSH },
101 	{ "rst", TH_RST },
102 	{ "urg", TH_URG },
103 	{ "tcp flag", 0 },
104 	{ NULL,	0 }
105 };
106 
107 static struct _s_x f_tcpopts[] = {
108 	{ "mss",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_MSS },
109 	{ "maxseg",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_MSS },
110 	{ "window",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_WINDOW },
111 	{ "sack",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_SACK },
112 	{ "ts",		IP_FW_TCPOPT_TS },
113 	{ "timestamp",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_TS },
114 	{ "cc",		IP_FW_TCPOPT_CC },
115 	{ "tcp option",	0 },
116 	{ NULL,	0 }
117 };
118 
119 /*
120  * IP options span the range 0 to 255 so we need to remap them
121  * (though in fact only the low 5 bits are significant).
122  */
123 static struct _s_x f_ipopts[] = {
124 	{ "ssrr",	IP_FW_IPOPT_SSRR},
125 	{ "lsrr",	IP_FW_IPOPT_LSRR},
126 	{ "rr",		IP_FW_IPOPT_RR},
127 	{ "ts",		IP_FW_IPOPT_TS},
128 	{ "ip option",	0 },
129 	{ NULL,	0 }
130 };
131 
132 static struct _s_x f_iptos[] = {
133 	{ "lowdelay",	IPTOS_LOWDELAY},
134 	{ "throughput",	IPTOS_THROUGHPUT},
135 	{ "reliability", IPTOS_RELIABILITY},
136 	{ "mincost",	IPTOS_MINCOST},
137 	{ "congestion",	IPTOS_CE},
138 	{ "ecntransport", IPTOS_ECT},
139 	{ "ip tos option", 0},
140 	{ NULL,	0 }
141 };
142 
143 static struct _s_x limit_masks[] = {
144 	{"all",		DYN_SRC_ADDR|DYN_SRC_PORT|DYN_DST_ADDR|DYN_DST_PORT},
145 	{"src-addr",	DYN_SRC_ADDR},
146 	{"src-port",	DYN_SRC_PORT},
147 	{"dst-addr",	DYN_DST_ADDR},
148 	{"dst-port",	DYN_DST_PORT},
149 	{NULL,		0}
150 };
151 
152 /*
153  * we use IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE as a fake protocol id to call the print routines
154  * This is only used in this code.
155  */
156 #define IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE	0x1000
157 static struct _s_x ether_types[] = {
158     /*
159      * Note, we cannot use "-:&/" in the names because they are field
160      * separators in the type specifications. Also, we use s = NULL as
161      * end-delimiter, because a type of 0 can be legal.
162      */
163 	{ "ip",		0x0800 },
164 	{ "ipv4",	0x0800 },
165 	{ "ipv6",	0x86dd },
166 	{ "arp",	0x0806 },
167 	{ "rarp",	0x8035 },
168 	{ "vlan",	0x8100 },
169 	{ "loop",	0x9000 },
170 	{ "trail",	0x1000 },
171 	{ "at",		0x809b },
172 	{ "atalk",	0x809b },
173 	{ "aarp",	0x80f3 },
174 	{ "pppoe_disc",	0x8863 },
175 	{ "pppoe_sess",	0x8864 },
176 	{ "ipx_8022",	0x00E0 },
177 	{ "ipx_8023",	0x0000 },
178 	{ "ipx_ii",	0x8137 },
179 	{ "ipx_snap",	0x8137 },
180 	{ "ipx",	0x8137 },
181 	{ "ns",		0x0600 },
182 	{ NULL,		0 }
183 };
184 
185 static void show_usage(void);
186 
187 enum tokens {
188 	TOK_NULL=0,
189 
190 	TOK_OR,
191 	TOK_NOT,
192 	TOK_STARTBRACE,
193 	TOK_ENDBRACE,
194 
195 	TOK_ACCEPT,
196 	TOK_COUNT,
197 	TOK_PIPE,
198 	TOK_QUEUE,
199 	TOK_DIVERT,
200 	TOK_TEE,
201 	TOK_FORWARD,
202 	TOK_SKIPTO,
203 	TOK_DENY,
204 	TOK_REJECT,
205 	TOK_RESET,
206 	TOK_UNREACH,
207 	TOK_CHECKSTATE,
208 
209 	TOK_ALTQ,
210 	TOK_LOG,
211 
212 	TOK_UID,
213 	TOK_GID,
214 	TOK_JAIL,
215 	TOK_IN,
216 	TOK_LIMIT,
217 	TOK_KEEPSTATE,
218 	TOK_LAYER2,
219 	TOK_OUT,
220 	TOK_DIVERTED,
221 	TOK_DIVERTEDLOOPBACK,
222 	TOK_DIVERTEDOUTPUT,
223 	TOK_XMIT,
224 	TOK_RECV,
225 	TOK_VIA,
226 	TOK_FRAG,
227 	TOK_IPOPTS,
228 	TOK_IPLEN,
229 	TOK_IPID,
230 	TOK_IPPRECEDENCE,
231 	TOK_IPTOS,
232 	TOK_IPTTL,
233 	TOK_IPVER,
234 	TOK_ESTAB,
235 	TOK_SETUP,
236 	TOK_TCPDATALEN,
237 	TOK_TCPFLAGS,
238 	TOK_TCPOPTS,
239 	TOK_TCPSEQ,
240 	TOK_TCPACK,
241 	TOK_TCPWIN,
242 	TOK_ICMPTYPES,
243 	TOK_MAC,
244 	TOK_MACTYPE,
245 	TOK_VERREVPATH,
246 	TOK_VERSRCREACH,
247 	TOK_ANTISPOOF,
248 	TOK_IPSEC,
249 	TOK_COMMENT,
250 
251 	TOK_PLR,
252 	TOK_NOERROR,
253 	TOK_BUCKETS,
254 	TOK_DSTIP,
255 	TOK_SRCIP,
256 	TOK_DSTPORT,
257 	TOK_SRCPORT,
258 	TOK_ALL,
259 	TOK_MASK,
260 	TOK_BW,
261 	TOK_DELAY,
262 	TOK_RED,
263 	TOK_GRED,
264 	TOK_DROPTAIL,
265 	TOK_PROTO,
266 	TOK_WEIGHT,
267 };
268 
269 struct _s_x dummynet_params[] = {
270 	{ "plr",		TOK_PLR },
271 	{ "noerror",		TOK_NOERROR },
272 	{ "buckets",		TOK_BUCKETS },
273 	{ "dst-ip",		TOK_DSTIP },
274 	{ "src-ip",		TOK_SRCIP },
275 	{ "dst-port",		TOK_DSTPORT },
276 	{ "src-port",		TOK_SRCPORT },
277 	{ "proto",		TOK_PROTO },
278 	{ "weight",		TOK_WEIGHT },
279 	{ "all",		TOK_ALL },
280 	{ "mask",		TOK_MASK },
281 	{ "droptail",		TOK_DROPTAIL },
282 	{ "red",		TOK_RED },
283 	{ "gred",		TOK_GRED },
284 	{ "bw",			TOK_BW },
285 	{ "bandwidth",		TOK_BW },
286 	{ "delay",		TOK_DELAY },
287 	{ "pipe",		TOK_PIPE },
288 	{ "queue",		TOK_QUEUE },
289 	{ "dummynet-params",	TOK_NULL },
290 	{ NULL, 0 }	/* terminator */
291 };
292 
293 struct _s_x rule_actions[] = {
294 	{ "accept",		TOK_ACCEPT },
295 	{ "pass",		TOK_ACCEPT },
296 	{ "allow",		TOK_ACCEPT },
297 	{ "permit",		TOK_ACCEPT },
298 	{ "count",		TOK_COUNT },
299 	{ "pipe",		TOK_PIPE },
300 	{ "queue",		TOK_QUEUE },
301 	{ "divert",		TOK_DIVERT },
302 	{ "tee",		TOK_TEE },
303 	{ "fwd",		TOK_FORWARD },
304 	{ "forward",		TOK_FORWARD },
305 	{ "skipto",		TOK_SKIPTO },
306 	{ "deny",		TOK_DENY },
307 	{ "drop",		TOK_DENY },
308 	{ "reject",		TOK_REJECT },
309 	{ "reset",		TOK_RESET },
310 	{ "unreach",		TOK_UNREACH },
311 	{ "check-state",	TOK_CHECKSTATE },
312 	{ "//",			TOK_COMMENT },
313 	{ NULL, 0 }	/* terminator */
314 };
315 
316 struct _s_x rule_action_params[] = {
317 	{ "altq",		TOK_ALTQ },
318 	{ "log",		TOK_LOG },
319 	{ NULL, 0 }	/* terminator */
320 };
321 
322 struct _s_x rule_options[] = {
323 	{ "uid",		TOK_UID },
324 	{ "gid",		TOK_GID },
325 	{ "jail",		TOK_JAIL },
326 	{ "in",			TOK_IN },
327 	{ "limit",		TOK_LIMIT },
328 	{ "keep-state",		TOK_KEEPSTATE },
329 	{ "bridged",		TOK_LAYER2 },
330 	{ "layer2",		TOK_LAYER2 },
331 	{ "out",		TOK_OUT },
332 	{ "diverted",		TOK_DIVERTED },
333 	{ "diverted-loopback",	TOK_DIVERTEDLOOPBACK },
334 	{ "diverted-output",	TOK_DIVERTEDOUTPUT },
335 	{ "xmit",		TOK_XMIT },
336 	{ "recv",		TOK_RECV },
337 	{ "via",		TOK_VIA },
338 	{ "fragment",		TOK_FRAG },
339 	{ "frag",		TOK_FRAG },
340 	{ "ipoptions",		TOK_IPOPTS },
341 	{ "ipopts",		TOK_IPOPTS },
342 	{ "iplen",		TOK_IPLEN },
343 	{ "ipid",		TOK_IPID },
344 	{ "ipprecedence",	TOK_IPPRECEDENCE },
345 	{ "iptos",		TOK_IPTOS },
346 	{ "ipttl",		TOK_IPTTL },
347 	{ "ipversion",		TOK_IPVER },
348 	{ "ipver",		TOK_IPVER },
349 	{ "estab",		TOK_ESTAB },
350 	{ "established",	TOK_ESTAB },
351 	{ "setup",		TOK_SETUP },
352 	{ "tcpdatalen",		TOK_TCPDATALEN },
353 	{ "tcpflags",		TOK_TCPFLAGS },
354 	{ "tcpflgs",		TOK_TCPFLAGS },
355 	{ "tcpoptions",		TOK_TCPOPTS },
356 	{ "tcpopts",		TOK_TCPOPTS },
357 	{ "tcpseq",		TOK_TCPSEQ },
358 	{ "tcpack",		TOK_TCPACK },
359 	{ "tcpwin",		TOK_TCPWIN },
360 	{ "icmptype",		TOK_ICMPTYPES },
361 	{ "icmptypes",		TOK_ICMPTYPES },
362 	{ "dst-ip",		TOK_DSTIP },
363 	{ "src-ip",		TOK_SRCIP },
364 	{ "dst-port",		TOK_DSTPORT },
365 	{ "src-port",		TOK_SRCPORT },
366 	{ "proto",		TOK_PROTO },
367 	{ "MAC",		TOK_MAC },
368 	{ "mac",		TOK_MAC },
369 	{ "mac-type",		TOK_MACTYPE },
370 	{ "verrevpath",		TOK_VERREVPATH },
371 	{ "versrcreach",	TOK_VERSRCREACH },
372 	{ "antispoof",		TOK_ANTISPOOF },
373 	{ "ipsec",		TOK_IPSEC },
374 	{ "//",			TOK_COMMENT },
375 
376 	{ "not",		TOK_NOT },		/* pseudo option */
377 	{ "!", /* escape ? */	TOK_NOT },		/* pseudo option */
378 	{ "or",			TOK_OR },		/* pseudo option */
379 	{ "|", /* escape */	TOK_OR },		/* pseudo option */
380 	{ "{",			TOK_STARTBRACE },	/* pseudo option */
381 	{ "(",			TOK_STARTBRACE },	/* pseudo option */
382 	{ "}",			TOK_ENDBRACE },		/* pseudo option */
383 	{ ")",			TOK_ENDBRACE },		/* pseudo option */
384 	{ NULL, 0 }	/* terminator */
385 };
386 
387 static __inline uint64_t
388 align_uint64(uint64_t *pll) {
389 	uint64_t ret;
390 
391 	bcopy (pll, &ret, sizeof(ret));
392 	return ret;
393 }
394 
395 /*
396  * conditionally runs the command.
397  */
398 static int
399 do_cmd(int optname, void *optval, uintptr_t optlen)
400 {
401 	static int s = -1;	/* the socket */
402 	int i;
403 
404 	if (test_only)
405 		return 0;
406 
407 	if (s == -1)
408 		s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_RAW);
409 	if (s < 0)
410 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "socket");
411 
412 	if (optname == IP_FW_GET || optname == IP_DUMMYNET_GET ||
413 	    optname == IP_FW_ADD || optname == IP_FW_TABLE_LIST ||
414 	    optname == IP_FW_TABLE_GETSIZE)
415 		i = getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, optname, optval,
416 			(socklen_t *)optlen);
417 	else
418 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, optname, optval, optlen);
419 	return i;
420 }
421 
422 /**
423  * match_token takes a table and a string, returns the value associated
424  * with the string (-1 in case of failure).
425  */
426 static int
427 match_token(struct _s_x *table, char *string)
428 {
429 	struct _s_x *pt;
430 	uint i = strlen(string);
431 
432 	for (pt = table ; i && pt->s != NULL ; pt++)
433 		if (strlen(pt->s) == i && !bcmp(string, pt->s, i))
434 			return pt->x;
435 	return -1;
436 }
437 
438 /**
439  * match_value takes a table and a value, returns the string associated
440  * with the value (NULL in case of failure).
441  */
442 static char const *
443 match_value(struct _s_x *p, int value)
444 {
445 	for (; p->s != NULL; p++)
446 		if (p->x == value)
447 			return p->s;
448 	return NULL;
449 }
450 
451 /*
452  * _substrcmp takes two strings and returns 1 if they do not match,
453  * and 0 if they match exactly or the first string is a sub-string
454  * of the second.  A warning is printed to stderr in the case that the
455  * first string is a sub-string of the second.
456  *
457  * This function will be removed in the future through the usual
458  * deprecation process.
459  */
460 static int
461 _substrcmp(const char *str1, const char* str2)
462 {
463 
464 	if (strncmp(str1, str2, strlen(str1)) != 0)
465 		return 1;
466 
467 	if (strlen(str1) != strlen(str2))
468 		warnx("DEPRECATED: '%s' matched '%s' as a sub-string",
469 		    str1, str2);
470 	return 0;
471 }
472 
473 /*
474  * _substrcmp2 takes three strings and returns 1 if the first two do not match,
475  * and 0 if they match exactly or the second string is a sub-string
476  * of the first.  A warning is printed to stderr in the case that the
477  * first string does not match the third.
478  *
479  * This function exists to warn about the bizzare construction
480  * strncmp(str, "by", 2) which is used to allow people to use a shotcut
481  * for "bytes".  The problem is that in addition to accepting "by",
482  * "byt", "byte", and "bytes", it also excepts "by_rabid_dogs" and any
483  * other string beginning with "by".
484  *
485  * This function will be removed in the future through the usual
486  * deprecation process.
487  */
488 static int
489 _substrcmp2(const char *str1, const char* str2, const char* str3)
490 {
491 
492 	if (strncmp(str1, str2, strlen(str2)) != 0)
493 		return 1;
494 
495 	if (strcmp(str1, str3) != 0)
496 		warnx("DEPRECATED: '%s' matched '%s'",
497 		    str1, str3);
498 	return 0;
499 }
500 
501 /*
502  * prints one port, symbolic or numeric
503  */
504 static void
505 print_port(int proto, uint16_t port)
506 {
507 
508 	if (proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE) {
509 		char const *s;
510 
511 		if (do_resolv && (s = match_value(ether_types, port)) )
512 			printf("%s", s);
513 		else
514 			printf("0x%04x", port);
515 	} else {
516 		struct servent *se = NULL;
517 		if (do_resolv) {
518 			struct protoent *pe = getprotobynumber(proto);
519 
520 			se = getservbyport(htons(port), pe ? pe->p_name : NULL);
521 		}
522 		if (se)
523 			printf("%s", se->s_name);
524 		else
525 			printf("%d", port);
526 	}
527 }
528 
529 struct _s_x _port_name[] = {
530 	{"dst-port",	O_IP_DSTPORT},
531 	{"src-port",	O_IP_SRCPORT},
532 	{"ipid",	O_IPID},
533 	{"iplen",	O_IPLEN},
534 	{"ipttl",	O_IPTTL},
535 	{"mac-type",	O_MAC_TYPE},
536 	{"tcpdatalen",	O_TCPDATALEN},
537 	{NULL,		0}
538 };
539 
540 /*
541  * Print the values in a list 16-bit items of the types above.
542  * XXX todo: add support for mask.
543  */
544 static void
545 print_newports(ipfw_insn_u16 *cmd, int proto, int opcode)
546 {
547 	uint16_t *p = cmd->ports;
548 	int i;
549 	char const *sep;
550 
551 	if (cmd->o.len & F_NOT)
552 		printf(" not");
553 	if (opcode != 0) {
554 		sep = match_value(_port_name, opcode);
555 		if (sep == NULL)
556 			sep = "???";
557 		printf (" %s", sep);
558 	}
559 	sep = " ";
560 	for (i = F_LEN((ipfw_insn *)cmd) - 1; i > 0; i--, p += 2) {
561 		printf(sep);
562 		print_port(proto, p[0]);
563 		if (p[0] != p[1]) {
564 			printf("-");
565 			print_port(proto, p[1]);
566 		}
567 		sep = ",";
568 	}
569 }
570 
571 /*
572  * Like strtol, but also translates service names into port numbers
573  * for some protocols.
574  * In particular:
575  *	proto == -1 disables the protocol check;
576  *	proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE looks up an internal table
577  *	proto == <some value in /etc/protocols> matches the values there.
578  * Returns *end == s in case the parameter is not found.
579  */
580 static int
581 strtoport(char *s, char **end, int base, int proto)
582 {
583 	char *p, *buf;
584 	char *s1;
585 	int i;
586 
587 	*end = s;		/* default - not found */
588 	if (*s == '\0')
589 		return 0;	/* not found */
590 
591 	if (isdigit(*s))
592 		return strtol(s, end, base);
593 
594 	/*
595 	 * find separator. '\\' escapes the next char.
596 	 */
597 	for (s1 = s; *s1 && (isalnum(*s1) || *s1 == '\\') ; s1++)
598 		if (*s1 == '\\' && s1[1] != '\0')
599 			s1++;
600 
601 	buf = malloc(s1 - s + 1);
602 	if (buf == NULL)
603 		return 0;
604 
605 	/*
606 	 * copy into a buffer skipping backslashes
607 	 */
608 	for (p = s, i = 0; p != s1 ; p++)
609 		if (*p != '\\')
610 			buf[i++] = *p;
611 	buf[i++] = '\0';
612 
613 	if (proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE) {
614 		i = match_token(ether_types, buf);
615 		free(buf);
616 		if (i != -1) {	/* found */
617 			*end = s1;
618 			return i;
619 		}
620 	} else {
621 		struct protoent *pe = NULL;
622 		struct servent *se;
623 
624 		if (proto != 0)
625 			pe = getprotobynumber(proto);
626 		setservent(1);
627 		se = getservbyname(buf, pe ? pe->p_name : NULL);
628 		free(buf);
629 		if (se != NULL) {
630 			*end = s1;
631 			return ntohs(se->s_port);
632 		}
633 	}
634 	return 0;	/* not found */
635 }
636 
637 /*
638  * Map between current altq queue id numbers and names.
639  */
640 static int altq_fetched = 0;
641 static TAILQ_HEAD(, pf_altq) altq_entries =
642 	TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(altq_entries);
643 
644 static void
645 altq_set_enabled(int enabled)
646 {
647 	int pffd;
648 
649 	pffd = open("/dev/pf", O_RDWR);
650 	if (pffd == -1)
651 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
652 		    "altq support opening pf(4) control device");
653 	if (enabled) {
654 		if (ioctl(pffd, DIOCSTARTALTQ) != 0 && errno != EEXIST)
655 			err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "enabling altq");
656 	} else {
657 		if (ioctl(pffd, DIOCSTOPALTQ) != 0 && errno != ENOENT)
658 			err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "disabling altq");
659 	}
660 	close(pffd);
661 }
662 
663 static void
664 altq_fetch()
665 {
666 	struct pfioc_altq pfioc;
667 	struct pf_altq *altq;
668 	int pffd, mnr;
669 
670 	if (altq_fetched)
671 		return;
672 	altq_fetched = 1;
673 	pffd = open("/dev/pf", O_RDONLY);
674 	if (pffd == -1) {
675 		warn("altq support opening pf(4) control device");
676 		return;
677 	}
678 	bzero(&pfioc, sizeof(pfioc));
679 	if (ioctl(pffd, DIOCGETALTQS, &pfioc) != 0) {
680 		warn("altq support getting queue list");
681 		close(pffd);
682 		return;
683 	}
684 	mnr = pfioc.nr;
685 	for (pfioc.nr = 0; pfioc.nr < mnr; pfioc.nr++) {
686 		if (ioctl(pffd, DIOCGETALTQ, &pfioc) != 0) {
687 			if (errno == EBUSY)
688 				break;
689 			warn("altq support getting queue list");
690 			close(pffd);
691 			return;
692 		}
693 		if (pfioc.altq.qid == 0)
694 			continue;
695 		altq = malloc(sizeof(*altq));
696 		if (altq == NULL)
697 			err(EX_OSERR, "malloc");
698 		*altq = pfioc.altq;
699 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&altq_entries, altq, entries);
700 	}
701 	close(pffd);
702 }
703 
704 static u_int32_t
705 altq_name_to_qid(const char *name)
706 {
707 	struct pf_altq *altq;
708 
709 	altq_fetch();
710 	TAILQ_FOREACH(altq, &altq_entries, entries)
711 		if (strcmp(name, altq->qname) == 0)
712 			break;
713 	if (altq == NULL)
714 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "altq has no queue named `%s'", name);
715 	return altq->qid;
716 }
717 
718 static const char *
719 altq_qid_to_name(u_int32_t qid)
720 {
721 	struct pf_altq *altq;
722 
723 	altq_fetch();
724 	TAILQ_FOREACH(altq, &altq_entries, entries)
725 		if (qid == altq->qid)
726 			break;
727 	if (altq == NULL)
728 		return NULL;
729 	return altq->qname;
730 }
731 
732 static void
733 fill_altq_qid(u_int32_t *qid, const char *av)
734 {
735 	*qid = altq_name_to_qid(av);
736 }
737 
738 /*
739  * Fill the body of the command with the list of port ranges.
740  */
741 static int
742 fill_newports(ipfw_insn_u16 *cmd, char *av, int proto)
743 {
744 	uint16_t a, b, *p = cmd->ports;
745 	int i = 0;
746 	char *s = av;
747 
748 	while (*s) {
749 		a = strtoport(av, &s, 0, proto);
750 		if (s == av) /* no parameter */
751 			break;
752 		if (*s == '-') { /* a range */
753 			av = s+1;
754 			b = strtoport(av, &s, 0, proto);
755 			if (s == av) /* no parameter */
756 				break;
757 			p[0] = a;
758 			p[1] = b;
759 		} else if (*s == ',' || *s == '\0' )
760 			p[0] = p[1] = a;
761 		else 	/* invalid separator */
762 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid separator <%c> in <%s>\n",
763 				*s, av);
764 		i++;
765 		p += 2;
766 		av = s+1;
767 	}
768 	if (i > 0) {
769 		if (i+1 > F_LEN_MASK)
770 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "too many ports/ranges\n");
771 		cmd->o.len |= i+1; /* leave F_NOT and F_OR untouched */
772 	}
773 	return i;
774 }
775 
776 static struct _s_x icmpcodes[] = {
777       { "net",			ICMP_UNREACH_NET },
778       { "host",			ICMP_UNREACH_HOST },
779       { "protocol",		ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL },
780       { "port",			ICMP_UNREACH_PORT },
781       { "needfrag",		ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG },
782       { "srcfail",		ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL },
783       { "net-unknown",		ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN },
784       { "host-unknown",		ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN },
785       { "isolated",		ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED },
786       { "net-prohib",		ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB },
787       { "host-prohib",		ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB },
788       { "tosnet",		ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET },
789       { "toshost",		ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST },
790       { "filter-prohib",	ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB },
791       { "host-precedence",	ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PRECEDENCE },
792       { "precedence-cutoff",	ICMP_UNREACH_PRECEDENCE_CUTOFF },
793       { NULL, 0 }
794 };
795 
796 static void
797 fill_reject_code(u_short *codep, char *str)
798 {
799 	int val;
800 	char *s;
801 
802 	val = strtoul(str, &s, 0);
803 	if (s == str || *s != '\0' || val >= 0x100)
804 		val = match_token(icmpcodes, str);
805 	if (val < 0)
806 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "unknown ICMP unreachable code ``%s''", str);
807 	*codep = val;
808 	return;
809 }
810 
811 static void
812 print_reject_code(uint16_t code)
813 {
814 	char const *s = match_value(icmpcodes, code);
815 
816 	if (s != NULL)
817 		printf("unreach %s", s);
818 	else
819 		printf("unreach %u", code);
820 }
821 
822 /*
823  * Returns the number of bits set (from left) in a contiguous bitmask,
824  * or -1 if the mask is not contiguous.
825  * XXX this needs a proper fix.
826  * This effectively works on masks in big-endian (network) format.
827  * when compiled on little endian architectures.
828  *
829  * First bit is bit 7 of the first byte -- note, for MAC addresses,
830  * the first bit on the wire is bit 0 of the first byte.
831  * len is the max length in bits.
832  */
833 static int
834 contigmask(uint8_t *p, int len)
835 {
836 	int i, n;
837 
838 	for (i=0; i<len ; i++)
839 		if ( (p[i/8] & (1 << (7 - (i%8)))) == 0) /* first bit unset */
840 			break;
841 	for (n=i+1; n < len; n++)
842 		if ( (p[n/8] & (1 << (7 - (n%8)))) != 0)
843 			return -1; /* mask not contiguous */
844 	return i;
845 }
846 
847 /*
848  * print flags set/clear in the two bitmasks passed as parameters.
849  * There is a specialized check for f_tcpflags.
850  */
851 static void
852 print_flags(char const *name, ipfw_insn *cmd, struct _s_x *list)
853 {
854 	char const *comma = "";
855 	int i;
856 	uint8_t set = cmd->arg1 & 0xff;
857 	uint8_t clear = (cmd->arg1 >> 8) & 0xff;
858 
859 	if (list == f_tcpflags && set == TH_SYN && clear == TH_ACK) {
860 		printf(" setup");
861 		return;
862 	}
863 
864 	printf(" %s ", name);
865 	for (i=0; list[i].x != 0; i++) {
866 		if (set & list[i].x) {
867 			set &= ~list[i].x;
868 			printf("%s%s", comma, list[i].s);
869 			comma = ",";
870 		}
871 		if (clear & list[i].x) {
872 			clear &= ~list[i].x;
873 			printf("%s!%s", comma, list[i].s);
874 			comma = ",";
875 		}
876 	}
877 }
878 
879 /*
880  * Print the ip address contained in a command.
881  */
882 static void
883 print_ip(ipfw_insn_ip *cmd, char const *s)
884 {
885 	struct hostent *he = NULL;
886 	int len = F_LEN((ipfw_insn *)cmd);
887 	uint32_t *a = ((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd)->d;
888 
889 	printf("%s%s ", cmd->o.len & F_NOT ? " not": "", s);
890 
891 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC_ME || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST_ME) {
892 		printf("me");
893 		return;
894 	}
895 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC_LOOKUP ||
896 	    cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST_LOOKUP) {
897 		printf("table(%u", ((ipfw_insn *)cmd)->arg1);
898 		if (len == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))
899 			printf(",%u", *a);
900 		printf(")");
901 		return;
902 	}
903 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC_SET || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST_SET) {
904 		uint32_t x, *map = (uint32_t *)&(cmd->mask);
905 		int i, j;
906 		char comma = '{';
907 
908 		x = cmd->o.arg1 - 1;
909 		x = htonl( ~x );
910 		cmd->addr.s_addr = htonl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
911 		printf("%s/%d", inet_ntoa(cmd->addr),
912 			contigmask((uint8_t *)&x, 32));
913 		x = cmd->addr.s_addr = htonl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
914 		x &= 0xff; /* base */
915 		/*
916 		 * Print bits and ranges.
917 		 * Locate first bit set (i), then locate first bit unset (j).
918 		 * If we have 3+ consecutive bits set, then print them as a
919 		 * range, otherwise only print the initial bit and rescan.
920 		 */
921 		for (i=0; i < cmd->o.arg1; i++)
922 			if (map[i/32] & (1<<(i & 31))) {
923 				for (j=i+1; j < cmd->o.arg1; j++)
924 					if (!(map[ j/32] & (1<<(j & 31))))
925 						break;
926 				printf("%c%d", comma, i+x);
927 				if (j>i+2) { /* range has at least 3 elements */
928 					printf("-%d", j-1+x);
929 					i = j-1;
930 				}
931 				comma = ',';
932 			}
933 		printf("}");
934 		return;
935 	}
936 	/*
937 	 * len == 2 indicates a single IP, whereas lists of 1 or more
938 	 * addr/mask pairs have len = (2n+1). We convert len to n so we
939 	 * use that to count the number of entries.
940 	 */
941     for (len = len / 2; len > 0; len--, a += 2) {
942 	int mb =	/* mask length */
943 	    (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST) ?
944 		32 : contigmask((uint8_t *)&(a[1]), 32);
945 	if (mb == 32 && do_resolv)
946 		he = gethostbyaddr((char *)&(a[0]), sizeof(u_long), AF_INET);
947 	if (he != NULL)		/* resolved to name */
948 		printf("%s", he->h_name);
949 	else if (mb == 0)	/* any */
950 		printf("any");
951 	else {		/* numeric IP followed by some kind of mask */
952 		printf("%s", inet_ntoa( *((struct in_addr *)&a[0]) ) );
953 		if (mb < 0)
954 			printf(":%s", inet_ntoa( *((struct in_addr *)&a[1]) ) );
955 		else if (mb < 32)
956 			printf("/%d", mb);
957 	}
958 	if (len > 1)
959 		printf(",");
960     }
961 }
962 
963 /*
964  * prints a MAC address/mask pair
965  */
966 static void
967 print_mac(uint8_t *addr, uint8_t *mask)
968 {
969 	int l = contigmask(mask, 48);
970 
971 	if (l == 0)
972 		printf(" any");
973 	else {
974 		printf(" %02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
975 		    addr[0], addr[1], addr[2], addr[3], addr[4], addr[5]);
976 		if (l == -1)
977 			printf("&%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
978 			    mask[0], mask[1], mask[2],
979 			    mask[3], mask[4], mask[5]);
980 		else if (l < 48)
981 			printf("/%d", l);
982 	}
983 }
984 
985 static void
986 fill_icmptypes(ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd, char *av)
987 {
988 	uint8_t type;
989 
990 	cmd->d[0] = 0;
991 	while (*av) {
992 		if (*av == ',')
993 			av++;
994 
995 		type = strtoul(av, &av, 0);
996 
997 		if (*av != ',' && *av != '\0')
998 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid ICMP type");
999 
1000 		if (type > 31)
1001 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "ICMP type out of range");
1002 
1003 		cmd->d[0] |= 1 << type;
1004 	}
1005 	cmd->o.opcode = O_ICMPTYPE;
1006 	cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
1007 }
1008 
1009 static void
1010 print_icmptypes(ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd)
1011 {
1012 	int i;
1013 	char sep= ' ';
1014 
1015 	printf(" icmptypes");
1016 	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
1017 		if ( (cmd->d[0] & (1 << (i))) == 0)
1018 			continue;
1019 		printf("%c%d", sep, i);
1020 		sep = ',';
1021 	}
1022 }
1023 
1024 /*
1025  * show_ipfw() prints the body of an ipfw rule.
1026  * Because the standard rule has at least proto src_ip dst_ip, we use
1027  * a helper function to produce these entries if not provided explicitly.
1028  * The first argument is the list of fields we have, the second is
1029  * the list of fields we want to be printed.
1030  *
1031  * Special cases if we have provided a MAC header:
1032  *   + if the rule does not contain IP addresses/ports, do not print them;
1033  *   + if the rule does not contain an IP proto, print "all" instead of "ip";
1034  *
1035  * Once we have 'have_options', IP header fields are printed as options.
1036  */
1037 #define	HAVE_PROTO	0x0001
1038 #define	HAVE_SRCIP	0x0002
1039 #define	HAVE_DSTIP	0x0004
1040 #define	HAVE_MAC	0x0008
1041 #define	HAVE_MACTYPE	0x0010
1042 #define	HAVE_OPTIONS	0x8000
1043 
1044 #define	HAVE_IP		(HAVE_PROTO | HAVE_SRCIP | HAVE_DSTIP)
1045 static void
1046 show_prerequisites(int *flags, int want, int cmd)
1047 {
1048 	if (comment_only)
1049 		return;
1050 	if ( (*flags & HAVE_IP) == HAVE_IP)
1051 		*flags |= HAVE_OPTIONS;
1052 
1053 	if ( (*flags & (HAVE_MAC|HAVE_MACTYPE|HAVE_OPTIONS)) == HAVE_MAC &&
1054 	     cmd != O_MAC_TYPE) {
1055 		/*
1056 		 * mac-type was optimized out by the compiler,
1057 		 * restore it
1058 		 */
1059 		printf(" any");
1060 		*flags |= HAVE_MACTYPE | HAVE_OPTIONS;
1061 		return;
1062 	}
1063 	if ( !(*flags & HAVE_OPTIONS)) {
1064 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_PROTO) && (want & HAVE_PROTO))
1065 			printf(" ip");
1066 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_SRCIP) && (want & HAVE_SRCIP))
1067 			printf(" from any");
1068 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_DSTIP) && (want & HAVE_DSTIP))
1069 			printf(" to any");
1070 	}
1071 	*flags |= want;
1072 }
1073 
1074 static void
1075 show_ipfw(struct ip_fw *rule, int pcwidth, int bcwidth)
1076 {
1077 	static int twidth = 0;
1078 	int l;
1079 	ipfw_insn *cmd;
1080 	char *comment = NULL;	/* ptr to comment if we have one */
1081 	int proto = 0;		/* default */
1082 	int flags = 0;	/* prerequisites */
1083 	ipfw_insn_log *logptr = NULL; /* set if we find an O_LOG */
1084 	ipfw_insn_altq *altqptr = NULL; /* set if we find an O_ALTQ */
1085 	int or_block = 0;	/* we are in an or block */
1086 	uint32_t set_disable;
1087 
1088 	bcopy(&rule->next_rule, &set_disable, sizeof(set_disable));
1089 
1090 	if (set_disable & (1 << rule->set)) { /* disabled */
1091 		if (!show_sets)
1092 			return;
1093 		else
1094 			printf("# DISABLED ");
1095 	}
1096 	printf("%05u ", rule->rulenum);
1097 
1098 	if (pcwidth>0 || bcwidth>0)
1099 		printf("%*llu %*llu ", pcwidth, align_uint64(&rule->pcnt),
1100 		    bcwidth, align_uint64(&rule->bcnt));
1101 
1102 	if (do_time == 2)
1103 		printf("%10u ", rule->timestamp);
1104 	else if (do_time == 1) {
1105 		char timestr[30];
1106 		time_t t = (time_t)0;
1107 
1108 		if (twidth == 0) {
1109 			strcpy(timestr, ctime(&t));
1110 			*strchr(timestr, '\n') = '\0';
1111 			twidth = strlen(timestr);
1112 		}
1113 		if (rule->timestamp) {
1114 #if _FreeBSD_version < 500000 /* XXX check */
1115 #define	_long_to_time(x)	(time_t)(x)
1116 #endif
1117 			t = _long_to_time(rule->timestamp);
1118 
1119 			strcpy(timestr, ctime(&t));
1120 			*strchr(timestr, '\n') = '\0';
1121 			printf("%s ", timestr);
1122 		} else {
1123 			printf("%*s", twidth, " ");
1124 		}
1125 	}
1126 
1127 	if (show_sets)
1128 		printf("set %d ", rule->set);
1129 
1130 	/*
1131 	 * print the optional "match probability"
1132 	 */
1133 	if (rule->cmd_len > 0) {
1134 		cmd = rule->cmd ;
1135 		if (cmd->opcode == O_PROB) {
1136 			ipfw_insn_u32 *p = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
1137 			double d = 1.0 * p->d[0];
1138 
1139 			d = (d / 0x7fffffff);
1140 			printf("prob %f ", d);
1141 		}
1142 	}
1143 
1144 	/*
1145 	 * first print actions
1146 	 */
1147         for (l = rule->cmd_len - rule->act_ofs, cmd = ACTION_PTR(rule);
1148 			l > 0 ; l -= F_LEN(cmd), cmd += F_LEN(cmd)) {
1149 		switch(cmd->opcode) {
1150 		case O_CHECK_STATE:
1151 			printf("check-state");
1152 			flags = HAVE_IP; /* avoid printing anything else */
1153 			break;
1154 
1155 		case O_ACCEPT:
1156 			printf("allow");
1157 			break;
1158 
1159 		case O_COUNT:
1160 			printf("count");
1161 			break;
1162 
1163 		case O_DENY:
1164 			printf("deny");
1165 			break;
1166 
1167 		case O_REJECT:
1168 			if (cmd->arg1 == ICMP_REJECT_RST)
1169 				printf("reset");
1170 			else if (cmd->arg1 == ICMP_UNREACH_HOST)
1171 				printf("reject");
1172 			else
1173 				print_reject_code(cmd->arg1);
1174 			break;
1175 
1176 		case O_SKIPTO:
1177 			printf("skipto %u", cmd->arg1);
1178 			break;
1179 
1180 		case O_PIPE:
1181 			printf("pipe %u", cmd->arg1);
1182 			break;
1183 
1184 		case O_QUEUE:
1185 			printf("queue %u", cmd->arg1);
1186 			break;
1187 
1188 		case O_DIVERT:
1189 			printf("divert %u", cmd->arg1);
1190 			break;
1191 
1192 		case O_TEE:
1193 			printf("tee %u", cmd->arg1);
1194 			break;
1195 
1196 		case O_FORWARD_IP:
1197 		    {
1198 			ipfw_insn_sa *s = (ipfw_insn_sa *)cmd;
1199 
1200 			printf("fwd %s", inet_ntoa(s->sa.sin_addr));
1201 			if (s->sa.sin_port)
1202 				printf(",%d", s->sa.sin_port);
1203 		    }
1204 			break;
1205 
1206 		case O_LOG: /* O_LOG is printed last */
1207 			logptr = (ipfw_insn_log *)cmd;
1208 			break;
1209 
1210 		case O_ALTQ: /* O_ALTQ is printed after O_LOG */
1211 			altqptr = (ipfw_insn_altq *)cmd;
1212 			break;
1213 
1214 		default:
1215 			printf("** unrecognized action %d len %d ",
1216 				cmd->opcode, cmd->len);
1217 		}
1218 	}
1219 	if (logptr) {
1220 		if (logptr->max_log > 0)
1221 			printf(" log logamount %d", logptr->max_log);
1222 		else
1223 			printf(" log");
1224 	}
1225 	if (altqptr) {
1226 		const char *qname;
1227 
1228 		qname = altq_qid_to_name(altqptr->qid);
1229 		if (qname == NULL)
1230 			printf(" altq ?<%u>", altqptr->qid);
1231 		else
1232 			printf(" altq %s", qname);
1233 	}
1234 
1235 	/*
1236 	 * then print the body.
1237 	 */
1238 	if (rule->_pad & 1) {	/* empty rules before options */
1239 		if (!do_compact)
1240 			printf(" ip from any to any");
1241 		flags |= HAVE_IP | HAVE_OPTIONS;
1242 	}
1243 
1244 	if (comment_only)
1245 		comment = "...";
1246 
1247         for (l = rule->act_ofs, cmd = rule->cmd ;
1248 			l > 0 ; l -= F_LEN(cmd) , cmd += F_LEN(cmd)) {
1249 		/* useful alias */
1250 		ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd32 = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
1251 
1252 		if (comment_only) {
1253 			if (cmd->opcode != O_NOP)
1254 				continue;
1255 			printf(" // %s\n", (char *)(cmd + 1));
1256 			return;
1257 		}
1258 
1259 		show_prerequisites(&flags, 0, cmd->opcode);
1260 
1261 		switch(cmd->opcode) {
1262 		case O_PROB:
1263 			break;	/* done already */
1264 
1265 		case O_PROBE_STATE:
1266 			break; /* no need to print anything here */
1267 
1268 		case O_MACADDR2: {
1269 			ipfw_insn_mac *m = (ipfw_insn_mac *)cmd;
1270 
1271 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1272 				printf(" {");
1273 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
1274 				printf(" not");
1275 			printf(" MAC");
1276 			flags |= HAVE_MAC;
1277 			print_mac(m->addr, m->mask);
1278 			print_mac(m->addr + 6, m->mask + 6);
1279 			}
1280 			break;
1281 
1282 		case O_MAC_TYPE:
1283 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1284 				printf(" {");
1285 			print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE,
1286 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? cmd->opcode : 0);
1287 			flags |= HAVE_MAC | HAVE_MACTYPE | HAVE_OPTIONS;
1288 			break;
1289 
1290 		case O_IP_SRC:
1291 		case O_IP_SRC_LOOKUP:
1292 		case O_IP_SRC_MASK:
1293 		case O_IP_SRC_ME:
1294 		case O_IP_SRC_SET:
1295 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO, 0);
1296 			if (!(flags & HAVE_SRCIP))
1297 				printf(" from");
1298 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1299 				printf(" {");
1300 			print_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd,
1301 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? " src-ip" : "");
1302 			flags |= HAVE_SRCIP;
1303 			break;
1304 
1305 		case O_IP_DST:
1306 		case O_IP_DST_LOOKUP:
1307 		case O_IP_DST_MASK:
1308 		case O_IP_DST_ME:
1309 		case O_IP_DST_SET:
1310 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO|HAVE_SRCIP, 0);
1311 			if (!(flags & HAVE_DSTIP))
1312 				printf(" to");
1313 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1314 				printf(" {");
1315 			print_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd,
1316 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? " dst-ip" : "");
1317 			flags |= HAVE_DSTIP;
1318 			break;
1319 
1320 		case O_IP_DSTPORT:
1321 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP, 0);
1322 		case O_IP_SRCPORT:
1323 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO|HAVE_SRCIP, 0);
1324 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1325 				printf(" {");
1326 			print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, proto,
1327 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? cmd->opcode : 0);
1328 			break;
1329 
1330 		case O_PROTO: {
1331 			struct protoent *pe;
1332 
1333 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1334 				printf(" {");
1335 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
1336 				printf(" not");
1337 			proto = cmd->arg1;
1338 			pe = getprotobynumber(cmd->arg1);
1339 			if (flags & HAVE_OPTIONS)
1340 				printf(" proto");
1341 			if (pe)
1342 				printf(" %s", pe->p_name);
1343 			else
1344 				printf(" %u", cmd->arg1);
1345 			}
1346 			flags |= HAVE_PROTO;
1347 			break;
1348 
1349 		default: /*options ... */
1350 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP | HAVE_OPTIONS, 0);
1351 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1352 				printf(" {");
1353 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT && cmd->opcode != O_IN)
1354 				printf(" not");
1355 			switch(cmd->opcode) {
1356 			case O_FRAG:
1357 				printf(" frag");
1358 				break;
1359 
1360 			case O_IN:
1361 				printf(cmd->len & F_NOT ? " out" : " in");
1362 				break;
1363 
1364 			case O_DIVERTED:
1365 				switch (cmd->arg1) {
1366 				case 3:
1367 					printf(" diverted");
1368 					break;
1369 				case 1:
1370 					printf(" diverted-loopback");
1371 					break;
1372 				case 2:
1373 					printf(" diverted-output");
1374 					break;
1375 				default:
1376 					printf(" diverted-?<%u>", cmd->arg1);
1377 					break;
1378 				}
1379 				break;
1380 
1381 			case O_LAYER2:
1382 				printf(" layer2");
1383 				break;
1384 			case O_XMIT:
1385 			case O_RECV:
1386 			case O_VIA:
1387 			    {
1388 				char const *s;
1389 				ipfw_insn_if *cmdif = (ipfw_insn_if *)cmd;
1390 
1391 				if (cmd->opcode == O_XMIT)
1392 					s = "xmit";
1393 				else if (cmd->opcode == O_RECV)
1394 					s = "recv";
1395 				else /* if (cmd->opcode == O_VIA) */
1396 					s = "via";
1397 				if (cmdif->name[0] == '\0')
1398 					printf(" %s %s", s,
1399 					    inet_ntoa(cmdif->p.ip));
1400 				else
1401 					printf(" %s %s", s, cmdif->name);
1402 
1403 				break;
1404 			    }
1405 			case O_IPID:
1406 				if (F_LEN(cmd) == 1)
1407 				    printf(" ipid %u", cmd->arg1 );
1408 				else
1409 				    print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, 0,
1410 					O_IPID);
1411 				break;
1412 
1413 			case O_IPTTL:
1414 				if (F_LEN(cmd) == 1)
1415 				    printf(" ipttl %u", cmd->arg1 );
1416 				else
1417 				    print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, 0,
1418 					O_IPTTL);
1419 				break;
1420 
1421 			case O_IPVER:
1422 				printf(" ipver %u", cmd->arg1 );
1423 				break;
1424 
1425 			case O_IPPRECEDENCE:
1426 				printf(" ipprecedence %u", (cmd->arg1) >> 5 );
1427 				break;
1428 
1429 			case O_IPLEN:
1430 				if (F_LEN(cmd) == 1)
1431 				    printf(" iplen %u", cmd->arg1 );
1432 				else
1433 				    print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, 0,
1434 					O_IPLEN);
1435 				break;
1436 
1437 			case O_IPOPT:
1438 				print_flags("ipoptions", cmd, f_ipopts);
1439 				break;
1440 
1441 			case O_IPTOS:
1442 				print_flags("iptos", cmd, f_iptos);
1443 				break;
1444 
1445 			case O_ICMPTYPE:
1446 				print_icmptypes((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd);
1447 				break;
1448 
1449 			case O_ESTAB:
1450 				printf(" established");
1451 				break;
1452 
1453 			case O_TCPDATALEN:
1454 				if (F_LEN(cmd) == 1)
1455 				    printf(" tcpdatalen %u", cmd->arg1 );
1456 				else
1457 				    print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, 0,
1458 					O_TCPDATALEN);
1459 				break;
1460 
1461 			case O_TCPFLAGS:
1462 				print_flags("tcpflags", cmd, f_tcpflags);
1463 				break;
1464 
1465 			case O_TCPOPTS:
1466 				print_flags("tcpoptions", cmd, f_tcpopts);
1467 				break;
1468 
1469 			case O_TCPWIN:
1470 				printf(" tcpwin %d", ntohs(cmd->arg1));
1471 				break;
1472 
1473 			case O_TCPACK:
1474 				printf(" tcpack %d", ntohl(cmd32->d[0]));
1475 				break;
1476 
1477 			case O_TCPSEQ:
1478 				printf(" tcpseq %d", ntohl(cmd32->d[0]));
1479 				break;
1480 
1481 			case O_UID:
1482 			    {
1483 				struct passwd *pwd = getpwuid(cmd32->d[0]);
1484 
1485 				if (pwd)
1486 					printf(" uid %s", pwd->pw_name);
1487 				else
1488 					printf(" uid %u", cmd32->d[0]);
1489 			    }
1490 				break;
1491 
1492 			case O_GID:
1493 			    {
1494 				struct group *grp = getgrgid(cmd32->d[0]);
1495 
1496 				if (grp)
1497 					printf(" gid %s", grp->gr_name);
1498 				else
1499 					printf(" gid %u", cmd32->d[0]);
1500 			    }
1501 				break;
1502 
1503 			case O_JAIL:
1504 				printf(" jail %d", cmd32->d[0]);
1505 				break;
1506 
1507 			case O_VERREVPATH:
1508 				printf(" verrevpath");
1509 				break;
1510 
1511 			case O_VERSRCREACH:
1512 				printf(" versrcreach");
1513 				break;
1514 
1515 			case O_ANTISPOOF:
1516 				printf(" antispoof");
1517 				break;
1518 
1519 			case O_IPSEC:
1520 				printf(" ipsec");
1521 				break;
1522 
1523 			case O_NOP:
1524 				comment = (char *)(cmd + 1);
1525 				break;
1526 
1527 			case O_KEEP_STATE:
1528 				printf(" keep-state");
1529 				break;
1530 
1531 			case O_LIMIT:
1532 			    {
1533 				struct _s_x *p = limit_masks;
1534 				ipfw_insn_limit *c = (ipfw_insn_limit *)cmd;
1535 				uint8_t x = c->limit_mask;
1536 				char const *comma = " ";
1537 
1538 				printf(" limit");
1539 				for (; p->x != 0 ; p++)
1540 					if ((x & p->x) == p->x) {
1541 						x &= ~p->x;
1542 						printf("%s%s", comma, p->s);
1543 						comma = ",";
1544 					}
1545 				printf(" %d", c->conn_limit);
1546 			    }
1547 				break;
1548 
1549 			default:
1550 				printf(" [opcode %d len %d]",
1551 				    cmd->opcode, cmd->len);
1552 			}
1553 		}
1554 		if (cmd->len & F_OR) {
1555 			printf(" or");
1556 			or_block = 1;
1557 		} else if (or_block) {
1558 			printf(" }");
1559 			or_block = 0;
1560 		}
1561 	}
1562 	show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP, 0);
1563 	if (comment)
1564 		printf(" // %s", comment);
1565 	printf("\n");
1566 }
1567 
1568 static void
1569 show_dyn_ipfw(ipfw_dyn_rule *d, int pcwidth, int bcwidth)
1570 {
1571 	struct protoent *pe;
1572 	struct in_addr a;
1573 	uint16_t rulenum;
1574 
1575 	if (!do_expired) {
1576 		if (!d->expire && !(d->dyn_type == O_LIMIT_PARENT))
1577 			return;
1578 	}
1579 	bcopy(&d->rule, &rulenum, sizeof(rulenum));
1580 	printf("%05d", rulenum);
1581 	if (pcwidth>0 || bcwidth>0)
1582 	    printf(" %*llu %*llu (%ds)", pcwidth,
1583 		align_uint64(&d->pcnt), bcwidth,
1584 		align_uint64(&d->bcnt), d->expire);
1585 	switch (d->dyn_type) {
1586 	case O_LIMIT_PARENT:
1587 		printf(" PARENT %d", d->count);
1588 		break;
1589 	case O_LIMIT:
1590 		printf(" LIMIT");
1591 		break;
1592 	case O_KEEP_STATE: /* bidir, no mask */
1593 		printf(" STATE");
1594 		break;
1595 	}
1596 
1597 	if ((pe = getprotobynumber(d->id.proto)) != NULL)
1598 		printf(" %s", pe->p_name);
1599 	else
1600 		printf(" proto %u", d->id.proto);
1601 
1602 	a.s_addr = htonl(d->id.src_ip);
1603 	printf(" %s %d", inet_ntoa(a), d->id.src_port);
1604 
1605 	a.s_addr = htonl(d->id.dst_ip);
1606 	printf(" <-> %s %d", inet_ntoa(a), d->id.dst_port);
1607 	printf("\n");
1608 }
1609 
1610 static int
1611 sort_q(const void *pa, const void *pb)
1612 {
1613 	int rev = (do_sort < 0);
1614 	int field = rev ? -do_sort : do_sort;
1615 	long long res = 0;
1616 	const struct dn_flow_queue *a = pa;
1617 	const struct dn_flow_queue *b = pb;
1618 
1619 	switch (field) {
1620 	case 1: /* pkts */
1621 		res = a->len - b->len;
1622 		break;
1623 	case 2: /* bytes */
1624 		res = a->len_bytes - b->len_bytes;
1625 		break;
1626 
1627 	case 3: /* tot pkts */
1628 		res = a->tot_pkts - b->tot_pkts;
1629 		break;
1630 
1631 	case 4: /* tot bytes */
1632 		res = a->tot_bytes - b->tot_bytes;
1633 		break;
1634 	}
1635 	if (res < 0)
1636 		res = -1;
1637 	if (res > 0)
1638 		res = 1;
1639 	return (int)(rev ? res : -res);
1640 }
1641 
1642 static void
1643 list_queues(struct dn_flow_set *fs, struct dn_flow_queue *q)
1644 {
1645 	int l;
1646 
1647 	printf("    mask: 0x%02x 0x%08x/0x%04x -> 0x%08x/0x%04x\n",
1648 	    fs->flow_mask.proto,
1649 	    fs->flow_mask.src_ip, fs->flow_mask.src_port,
1650 	    fs->flow_mask.dst_ip, fs->flow_mask.dst_port);
1651 	if (fs->rq_elements == 0)
1652 		return;
1653 
1654 	printf("BKT Prot ___Source IP/port____ "
1655 	    "____Dest. IP/port____ Tot_pkt/bytes Pkt/Byte Drp\n");
1656 	if (do_sort != 0)
1657 		heapsort(q, fs->rq_elements, sizeof *q, sort_q);
1658 	for (l = 0; l < fs->rq_elements; l++) {
1659 		struct in_addr ina;
1660 		struct protoent *pe;
1661 
1662 		ina.s_addr = htonl(q[l].id.src_ip);
1663 		printf("%3d ", q[l].hash_slot);
1664 		pe = getprotobynumber(q[l].id.proto);
1665 		if (pe)
1666 			printf("%-4s ", pe->p_name);
1667 		else
1668 			printf("%4u ", q[l].id.proto);
1669 		printf("%15s/%-5d ",
1670 		    inet_ntoa(ina), q[l].id.src_port);
1671 		ina.s_addr = htonl(q[l].id.dst_ip);
1672 		printf("%15s/%-5d ",
1673 		    inet_ntoa(ina), q[l].id.dst_port);
1674 		printf("%4qu %8qu %2u %4u %3u\n",
1675 		    q[l].tot_pkts, q[l].tot_bytes,
1676 		    q[l].len, q[l].len_bytes, q[l].drops);
1677 		if (verbose)
1678 			printf("   S %20qd  F %20qd\n",
1679 			    q[l].S, q[l].F);
1680 	}
1681 }
1682 
1683 static void
1684 print_flowset_parms(struct dn_flow_set *fs, char *prefix)
1685 {
1686 	int l;
1687 	char qs[30];
1688 	char plr[30];
1689 	char red[90];	/* Display RED parameters */
1690 
1691 	l = fs->qsize;
1692 	if (fs->flags_fs & DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES) {
1693 		if (l >= 8192)
1694 			sprintf(qs, "%d KB", l / 1024);
1695 		else
1696 			sprintf(qs, "%d B", l);
1697 	} else
1698 		sprintf(qs, "%3d sl.", l);
1699 	if (fs->plr)
1700 		sprintf(plr, "plr %f", 1.0 * fs->plr / (double)(0x7fffffff));
1701 	else
1702 		plr[0] = '\0';
1703 	if (fs->flags_fs & DN_IS_RED)	/* RED parameters */
1704 		sprintf(red,
1705 		    "\n\t  %cRED w_q %f min_th %d max_th %d max_p %f",
1706 		    (fs->flags_fs & DN_IS_GENTLE_RED) ? 'G' : ' ',
1707 		    1.0 * fs->w_q / (double)(1 << SCALE_RED),
1708 		    SCALE_VAL(fs->min_th),
1709 		    SCALE_VAL(fs->max_th),
1710 		    1.0 * fs->max_p / (double)(1 << SCALE_RED));
1711 	else
1712 		sprintf(red, "droptail");
1713 
1714 	printf("%s %s%s %d queues (%d buckets) %s\n",
1715 	    prefix, qs, plr, fs->rq_elements, fs->rq_size, red);
1716 }
1717 
1718 static void
1719 list_pipes(void *data, uint nbytes, int ac, char *av[])
1720 {
1721 	int rulenum;
1722 	void *next = data;
1723 	struct dn_pipe *p = (struct dn_pipe *) data;
1724 	struct dn_flow_set *fs;
1725 	struct dn_flow_queue *q;
1726 	int l;
1727 
1728 	if (ac > 0)
1729 		rulenum = strtoul(*av++, NULL, 10);
1730 	else
1731 		rulenum = 0;
1732 	for (; nbytes >= sizeof *p; p = (struct dn_pipe *)next) {
1733 		double b = p->bandwidth;
1734 		char buf[30];
1735 		char prefix[80];
1736 
1737 		if (p->next != (struct dn_pipe *)DN_IS_PIPE)
1738 			break;	/* done with pipes, now queues */
1739 
1740 		/*
1741 		 * compute length, as pipe have variable size
1742 		 */
1743 		l = sizeof(*p) + p->fs.rq_elements * sizeof(*q);
1744 		next = (char *)p + l;
1745 		nbytes -= l;
1746 
1747 		if ((rulenum != 0 && rulenum != p->pipe_nr) || do_pipe == 2)
1748 			continue;
1749 
1750 		/*
1751 		 * Print rate (or clocking interface)
1752 		 */
1753 		if (p->if_name[0] != '\0')
1754 			sprintf(buf, "%s", p->if_name);
1755 		else if (b == 0)
1756 			sprintf(buf, "unlimited");
1757 		else if (b >= 1000000)
1758 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f Mbit/s", b/1000000);
1759 		else if (b >= 1000)
1760 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f Kbit/s", b/1000);
1761 		else
1762 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f bit/s ", b);
1763 
1764 		sprintf(prefix, "%05d: %s %4d ms ",
1765 		    p->pipe_nr, buf, p->delay);
1766 		print_flowset_parms(&(p->fs), prefix);
1767 		if (verbose)
1768 			printf("   V %20qd\n", p->V >> MY_M);
1769 
1770 		q = (struct dn_flow_queue *)(p+1);
1771 		list_queues(&(p->fs), q);
1772 	}
1773 	for (fs = next; nbytes >= sizeof *fs; fs = next) {
1774 		char prefix[80];
1775 
1776 		if (fs->next != (struct dn_flow_set *)DN_IS_QUEUE)
1777 			break;
1778 		l = sizeof(*fs) + fs->rq_elements * sizeof(*q);
1779 		next = (char *)fs + l;
1780 		nbytes -= l;
1781 
1782 		if (rulenum != 0 && ((rulenum != fs->fs_nr && do_pipe == 2) ||
1783 		    (rulenum != fs->parent_nr && do_pipe == 1))) {
1784 			continue;
1785 		}
1786 
1787 		q = (struct dn_flow_queue *)(fs+1);
1788 		sprintf(prefix, "q%05d: weight %d pipe %d ",
1789 		    fs->fs_nr, fs->weight, fs->parent_nr);
1790 		print_flowset_parms(fs, prefix);
1791 		list_queues(fs, q);
1792 	}
1793 }
1794 
1795 /*
1796  * This one handles all set-related commands
1797  * 	ipfw set { show | enable | disable }
1798  * 	ipfw set swap X Y
1799  * 	ipfw set move X to Y
1800  * 	ipfw set move rule X to Y
1801  */
1802 static void
1803 sets_handler(int ac, char *av[])
1804 {
1805 	uint32_t set_disable, masks[2];
1806 	int i, nbytes;
1807 	uint16_t rulenum;
1808 	uint8_t cmd, new_set;
1809 
1810 	ac--;
1811 	av++;
1812 
1813 	if (!ac)
1814 		errx(EX_USAGE, "set needs command");
1815 	if (_substrcmp(*av, "show") == 0) {
1816 		void *data;
1817 		char const *msg;
1818 
1819 		nbytes = sizeof(struct ip_fw);
1820 		if ((data = calloc(1, nbytes)) == NULL)
1821 			err(EX_OSERR, "calloc");
1822 		if (do_cmd(IP_FW_GET, data, (uintptr_t)&nbytes) < 0)
1823 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_FW_GET)");
1824 		bcopy(&((struct ip_fw *)data)->next_rule,
1825 			&set_disable, sizeof(set_disable));
1826 
1827 		for (i = 0, msg = "disable" ; i < RESVD_SET; i++)
1828 			if ((set_disable & (1<<i))) {
1829 				printf("%s %d", msg, i);
1830 				msg = "";
1831 			}
1832 		msg = (set_disable) ? " enable" : "enable";
1833 		for (i = 0; i < RESVD_SET; i++)
1834 			if (!(set_disable & (1<<i))) {
1835 				printf("%s %d", msg, i);
1836 				msg = "";
1837 			}
1838 		printf("\n");
1839 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "swap") == 0) {
1840 		ac--; av++;
1841 		if (ac != 2)
1842 			errx(EX_USAGE, "set swap needs 2 set numbers\n");
1843 		rulenum = atoi(av[0]);
1844 		new_set = atoi(av[1]);
1845 		if (!isdigit(*(av[0])) || rulenum > RESVD_SET)
1846 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid set number %s\n", av[0]);
1847 		if (!isdigit(*(av[1])) || new_set > RESVD_SET)
1848 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid set number %s\n", av[1]);
1849 		masks[0] = (4 << 24) | (new_set << 16) | (rulenum);
1850 		i = do_cmd(IP_FW_DEL, masks, sizeof(uint32_t));
1851 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "move") == 0) {
1852 		ac--; av++;
1853 		if (ac && _substrcmp(*av, "rule") == 0) {
1854 			cmd = 2;
1855 			ac--; av++;
1856 		} else
1857 			cmd = 3;
1858 		if (ac != 3 || _substrcmp(av[1], "to") != 0)
1859 			errx(EX_USAGE, "syntax: set move [rule] X to Y\n");
1860 		rulenum = atoi(av[0]);
1861 		new_set = atoi(av[2]);
1862 		if (!isdigit(*(av[0])) || (cmd == 3 && rulenum > RESVD_SET) ||
1863 			(cmd == 2 && rulenum == 65535) )
1864 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid source number %s\n", av[0]);
1865 		if (!isdigit(*(av[2])) || new_set > RESVD_SET)
1866 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid dest. set %s\n", av[1]);
1867 		masks[0] = (cmd << 24) | (new_set << 16) | (rulenum);
1868 		i = do_cmd(IP_FW_DEL, masks, sizeof(uint32_t));
1869 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "disable") == 0 ||
1870 		   _substrcmp(*av, "enable") == 0 ) {
1871 		int which = _substrcmp(*av, "enable") == 0 ? 1 : 0;
1872 
1873 		ac--; av++;
1874 		masks[0] = masks[1] = 0;
1875 
1876 		while (ac) {
1877 			if (isdigit(**av)) {
1878 				i = atoi(*av);
1879 				if (i < 0 || i > RESVD_SET)
1880 					errx(EX_DATAERR,
1881 					    "invalid set number %d\n", i);
1882 				masks[which] |= (1<<i);
1883 			} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "disable") == 0)
1884 				which = 0;
1885 			else if (_substrcmp(*av, "enable") == 0)
1886 				which = 1;
1887 			else
1888 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
1889 					"invalid set command %s\n", *av);
1890 			av++; ac--;
1891 		}
1892 		if ( (masks[0] & masks[1]) != 0 )
1893 			errx(EX_DATAERR,
1894 			    "cannot enable and disable the same set\n");
1895 
1896 		i = do_cmd(IP_FW_DEL, masks, sizeof(masks));
1897 		if (i)
1898 			warn("set enable/disable: setsockopt(IP_FW_DEL)");
1899 	} else
1900 		errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid set command %s\n", *av);
1901 }
1902 
1903 static void
1904 sysctl_handler(int ac, char *av[], int which)
1905 {
1906 	ac--;
1907 	av++;
1908 
1909 	if (ac == 0) {
1910 		warnx("missing keyword to enable/disable\n");
1911 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "firewall") == 0) {
1912 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.enable", NULL, 0,
1913 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1914 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "one_pass") == 0) {
1915 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.one_pass", NULL, 0,
1916 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1917 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "debug") == 0) {
1918 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.debug", NULL, 0,
1919 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1920 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "verbose") == 0) {
1921 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.verbose", NULL, 0,
1922 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1923 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "dyn_keepalive") == 0) {
1924 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_keepalive", NULL, 0,
1925 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1926 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "altq") == 0) {
1927 		altq_set_enabled(which);
1928 	} else {
1929 		warnx("unrecognize enable/disable keyword: %s\n", *av);
1930 	}
1931 }
1932 
1933 static void
1934 list(int ac, char *av[], int show_counters)
1935 {
1936 	struct ip_fw *r;
1937 	ipfw_dyn_rule *dynrules, *d;
1938 
1939 #define NEXT(r)	((struct ip_fw *)((char *)r + RULESIZE(r)))
1940 	char *lim;
1941 	void *data = NULL;
1942 	int bcwidth, n, nbytes, nstat, ndyn, pcwidth, width;
1943 	int exitval = EX_OK;
1944 	int lac;
1945 	char **lav;
1946 	u_long rnum, last;
1947 	char *endptr;
1948 	int seen = 0;
1949 
1950 	const int ocmd = do_pipe ? IP_DUMMYNET_GET : IP_FW_GET;
1951 	int nalloc = 1024;	/* start somewhere... */
1952 
1953 	last = 0;
1954 
1955 	if (test_only) {
1956 		fprintf(stderr, "Testing only, list disabled\n");
1957 		return;
1958 	}
1959 
1960 	ac--;
1961 	av++;
1962 
1963 	/* get rules or pipes from kernel, resizing array as necessary */
1964 	nbytes = nalloc;
1965 
1966 	while (nbytes >= nalloc) {
1967 		nalloc = nalloc * 2 + 200;
1968 		nbytes = nalloc;
1969 		if ((data = realloc(data, nbytes)) == NULL)
1970 			err(EX_OSERR, "realloc");
1971 		if (do_cmd(ocmd, data, (uintptr_t)&nbytes) < 0)
1972 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_%s_GET)",
1973 				do_pipe ? "DUMMYNET" : "FW");
1974 	}
1975 
1976 	if (do_pipe) {
1977 		list_pipes(data, nbytes, ac, av);
1978 		goto done;
1979 	}
1980 
1981 	/*
1982 	 * Count static rules. They have variable size so we
1983 	 * need to scan the list to count them.
1984 	 */
1985 	for (nstat = 1, r = data, lim = (char *)data + nbytes;
1986 		    r->rulenum < 65535 && (char *)r < lim;
1987 		    ++nstat, r = NEXT(r) )
1988 		; /* nothing */
1989 
1990 	/*
1991 	 * Count dynamic rules. This is easier as they have
1992 	 * fixed size.
1993 	 */
1994 	r = NEXT(r);
1995 	dynrules = (ipfw_dyn_rule *)r ;
1996 	n = (char *)r - (char *)data;
1997 	ndyn = (nbytes - n) / sizeof *dynrules;
1998 
1999 	/* if showing stats, figure out column widths ahead of time */
2000 	bcwidth = pcwidth = 0;
2001 	if (show_counters) {
2002 		for (n = 0, r = data; n < nstat; n++, r = NEXT(r)) {
2003 			/* packet counter */
2004 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu",
2005 			    align_uint64(&r->pcnt));
2006 			if (width > pcwidth)
2007 				pcwidth = width;
2008 
2009 			/* byte counter */
2010 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu",
2011 			    align_uint64(&r->bcnt));
2012 			if (width > bcwidth)
2013 				bcwidth = width;
2014 		}
2015 	}
2016 	if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
2017 		for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++) {
2018 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu",
2019 			    align_uint64(&d->pcnt));
2020 			if (width > pcwidth)
2021 				pcwidth = width;
2022 
2023 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu",
2024 			    align_uint64(&d->bcnt));
2025 			if (width > bcwidth)
2026 				bcwidth = width;
2027 		}
2028 	}
2029 	/* if no rule numbers were specified, list all rules */
2030 	if (ac == 0) {
2031 		for (n = 0, r = data; n < nstat; n++, r = NEXT(r) )
2032 			show_ipfw(r, pcwidth, bcwidth);
2033 
2034 		if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
2035 			printf("## Dynamic rules (%d):\n", ndyn);
2036 			for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++)
2037 				show_dyn_ipfw(d, pcwidth, bcwidth);
2038 		}
2039 		goto done;
2040 	}
2041 
2042 	/* display specific rules requested on command line */
2043 
2044 	for (lac = ac, lav = av; lac != 0; lac--) {
2045 		/* convert command line rule # */
2046 		last = rnum = strtoul(*lav++, &endptr, 10);
2047 		if (*endptr == '-')
2048 			last = strtoul(endptr+1, &endptr, 10);
2049 		if (*endptr) {
2050 			exitval = EX_USAGE;
2051 			warnx("invalid rule number: %s", *(lav - 1));
2052 			continue;
2053 		}
2054 		for (n = seen = 0, r = data; n < nstat; n++, r = NEXT(r) ) {
2055 			if (r->rulenum > last)
2056 				break;
2057 			if (r->rulenum >= rnum && r->rulenum <= last) {
2058 				show_ipfw(r, pcwidth, bcwidth);
2059 				seen = 1;
2060 			}
2061 		}
2062 		if (!seen) {
2063 			/* give precedence to other error(s) */
2064 			if (exitval == EX_OK)
2065 				exitval = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
2066 			warnx("rule %lu does not exist", rnum);
2067 		}
2068 	}
2069 
2070 	if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
2071 		printf("## Dynamic rules:\n");
2072 		for (lac = ac, lav = av; lac != 0; lac--) {
2073 			rnum = strtoul(*lav++, &endptr, 10);
2074 			if (*endptr == '-')
2075 				last = strtoul(endptr+1, &endptr, 10);
2076 			if (*endptr)
2077 				/* already warned */
2078 				continue;
2079 			for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++) {
2080 				uint16_t rulenum;
2081 
2082 				bcopy(&d->rule, &rulenum, sizeof(rulenum));
2083 				if (rulenum > rnum)
2084 					break;
2085 				if (r->rulenum >= rnum && r->rulenum <= last)
2086 					show_dyn_ipfw(d, pcwidth, bcwidth);
2087 			}
2088 		}
2089 	}
2090 
2091 	ac = 0;
2092 
2093 done:
2094 	free(data);
2095 
2096 	if (exitval != EX_OK)
2097 		exit(exitval);
2098 #undef NEXT
2099 }
2100 
2101 static void
2102 show_usage(void)
2103 {
2104 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: ipfw [options]\n"
2105 "do \"ipfw -h\" or see ipfw manpage for details\n"
2106 );
2107 	exit(EX_USAGE);
2108 }
2109 
2110 static void
2111 help(void)
2112 {
2113 	fprintf(stderr,
2114 "ipfw syntax summary (but please do read the ipfw(8) manpage):\n"
2115 "ipfw [-abcdefhnNqStTv] <command> where <command> is one of:\n"
2116 "add [num] [set N] [prob x] RULE-BODY\n"
2117 "{pipe|queue} N config PIPE-BODY\n"
2118 "[pipe|queue] {zero|delete|show} [N{,N}]\n"
2119 "set [disable N... enable N...] | move [rule] X to Y | swap X Y | show\n"
2120 "table N {add ip[/bits] [value] | delete ip[/bits] | flush | list}\n"
2121 "\n"
2122 "RULE-BODY:	check-state [PARAMS] | ACTION [PARAMS] ADDR [OPTION_LIST]\n"
2123 "ACTION:	check-state | allow | count | deny | reject | skipto N |\n"
2124 "		{divert|tee} PORT | forward ADDR | pipe N | queue N\n"
2125 "PARAMS: 	[log [logamount LOGLIMIT]] [altq QUEUE_NAME]\n"
2126 "ADDR:		[ MAC dst src ether_type ] \n"
2127 "		[ from IPADDR [ PORT ] to IPADDR [ PORTLIST ] ]\n"
2128 "IPADDR:	[not] { any | me | ip/bits{x,y,z} | table(t[,v]) | IPLIST }\n"
2129 "IPLIST:	{ ip | ip/bits | ip:mask }[,IPLIST]\n"
2130 "OPTION_LIST:	OPTION [OPTION_LIST]\n"
2131 "OPTION:	bridged | diverted | diverted-loopback | diverted-output |\n"
2132 "	{dst-ip|src-ip} ADDR | {dst-port|src-port} LIST |\n"
2133 "	estab | frag | {gid|uid} N | icmptypes LIST | in | out | ipid LIST |\n"
2134 "	iplen LIST | ipoptions SPEC | ipprecedence | ipsec | iptos SPEC |\n"
2135 "	ipttl LIST | ipversion VER | keep-state | layer2 | limit ... |\n"
2136 "	mac ... | mac-type LIST | proto LIST | {recv|xmit|via} {IF|IPADDR} |\n"
2137 "	setup | {tcpack|tcpseq|tcpwin} NN | tcpflags SPEC | tcpoptions SPEC |\n"
2138 "	tcpdatalen LIST | verrevpath | versrcreach | antispoof\n"
2139 );
2140 exit(0);
2141 }
2142 
2143 
2144 static int
2145 lookup_host (char *host, struct in_addr *ipaddr)
2146 {
2147 	struct hostent *he;
2148 
2149 	if (!inet_aton(host, ipaddr)) {
2150 		if ((he = gethostbyname(host)) == NULL)
2151 			return(-1);
2152 		*ipaddr = *(struct in_addr *)he->h_addr_list[0];
2153 	}
2154 	return(0);
2155 }
2156 
2157 /*
2158  * fills the addr and mask fields in the instruction as appropriate from av.
2159  * Update length as appropriate.
2160  * The following formats are allowed:
2161  *	any	matches any IP. Actually returns an empty instruction.
2162  *	me	returns O_IP_*_ME
2163  *	1.2.3.4		single IP address
2164  *	1.2.3.4:5.6.7.8	address:mask
2165  *	1.2.3.4/24	address/mask
2166  *	1.2.3.4/26{1,6,5,4,23}	set of addresses in a subnet
2167  * We can have multiple comma-separated address/mask entries.
2168  */
2169 static void
2170 fill_ip(ipfw_insn_ip *cmd, char *av)
2171 {
2172 	int len = 0;
2173 	uint32_t *d = ((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd)->d;
2174 
2175 	cmd->o.len &= ~F_LEN_MASK;	/* zero len */
2176 
2177 	if (_substrcmp(av, "any") == 0)
2178 		return;
2179 
2180 	if (_substrcmp(av, "me") == 0) {
2181 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn);
2182 		return;
2183 	}
2184 
2185 	if (strncmp(av, "table(", 6) == 0) {
2186 		char *p = strchr(av + 6, ',');
2187 
2188 		if (p)
2189 			*p++ = '\0';
2190 		cmd->o.opcode = O_IP_DST_LOOKUP;
2191 		cmd->o.arg1 = strtoul(av + 6, NULL, 0);
2192 		if (p) {
2193 			cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
2194 			d[0] = strtoul(p, NULL, 0);
2195 		} else
2196 			cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn);
2197 		return;
2198 	}
2199 
2200     while (av) {
2201 	/*
2202 	 * After the address we can have '/' or ':' indicating a mask,
2203 	 * ',' indicating another address follows, '{' indicating a
2204 	 * set of addresses of unspecified size.
2205 	 */
2206 	char *p = strpbrk(av, "/:,{");
2207 	int masklen;
2208 	char md;
2209 
2210 	if (p) {
2211 		md = *p;
2212 		*p++ = '\0';
2213 	} else
2214 		md = '\0';
2215 
2216 	if (lookup_host(av, (struct in_addr *)&d[0]) != 0)
2217 		errx(EX_NOHOST, "hostname ``%s'' unknown", av);
2218 	switch (md) {
2219 	case ':':
2220 		if (!inet_aton(p, (struct in_addr *)&d[1]))
2221 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad netmask ``%s''", p);
2222 		break;
2223 	case '/':
2224 		masklen = atoi(p);
2225 		if (masklen == 0)
2226 			d[1] = htonl(0);	/* mask */
2227 		else if (masklen > 32)
2228 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad width ``%s''", p);
2229 		else
2230 			d[1] = htonl(~0 << (32 - masklen));
2231 		break;
2232 	case '{':	/* no mask, assume /24 and put back the '{' */
2233 		d[1] = htonl(~0 << (32 - 24));
2234 		*(--p) = md;
2235 		break;
2236 
2237 	case ',':	/* single address plus continuation */
2238 		*(--p) = md;
2239 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2240 	case 0:		/* initialization value */
2241 	default:
2242 		d[1] = htonl(~0);	/* force /32 */
2243 		break;
2244 	}
2245 	d[0] &= d[1];		/* mask base address with mask */
2246 	/* find next separator */
2247 	if (p)
2248 		p = strpbrk(p, ",{");
2249 	if (p && *p == '{') {
2250 		/*
2251 		 * We have a set of addresses. They are stored as follows:
2252 		 *   arg1	is the set size (powers of 2, 2..256)
2253 		 *   addr	is the base address IN HOST FORMAT
2254 		 *   mask..	is an array of arg1 bits (rounded up to
2255 		 *		the next multiple of 32) with bits set
2256 		 *		for each host in the map.
2257 		 */
2258 		uint32_t *map = (uint32_t *)&cmd->mask;
2259 		int low, high;
2260 		int i = contigmask((uint8_t *)&(d[1]), 32);
2261 
2262 		if (len > 0)
2263 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "address set cannot be in a list");
2264 		if (i < 24 || i > 31)
2265 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid set with mask %d\n", i);
2266 		cmd->o.arg1 = 1<<(32-i);	/* map length		*/
2267 		d[0] = ntohl(d[0]);		/* base addr in host format */
2268 		cmd->o.opcode = O_IP_DST_SET;	/* default */
2269 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32) + (cmd->o.arg1+31)/32;
2270 		for (i = 0; i < (cmd->o.arg1+31)/32 ; i++)
2271 			map[i] = 0;	/* clear map */
2272 
2273 		av = p + 1;
2274 		low = d[0] & 0xff;
2275 		high = low + cmd->o.arg1 - 1;
2276 		/*
2277 		 * Here, i stores the previous value when we specify a range
2278 		 * of addresses within a mask, e.g. 45-63. i = -1 means we
2279 		 * have no previous value.
2280 		 */
2281 		i = -1;	/* previous value in a range */
2282 		while (isdigit(*av)) {
2283 			char *s;
2284 			int a = strtol(av, &s, 0);
2285 
2286 			if (s == av) { /* no parameter */
2287 			    if (*av != '}')
2288 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "set not closed\n");
2289 			    if (i != -1)
2290 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "incomplete range %d-", i);
2291 			    break;
2292 			}
2293 			if (a < low || a > high)
2294 			    errx(EX_DATAERR, "addr %d out of range [%d-%d]\n",
2295 				a, low, high);
2296 			a -= low;
2297 			if (i == -1)	/* no previous in range */
2298 			    i = a;
2299 			else {		/* check that range is valid */
2300 			    if (i > a)
2301 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid range %d-%d",
2302 					i+low, a+low);
2303 			    if (*s == '-')
2304 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "double '-' in range");
2305 			}
2306 			for (; i <= a; i++)
2307 			    map[i/32] |= 1<<(i & 31);
2308 			i = -1;
2309 			if (*s == '-')
2310 			    i = a;
2311 			else if (*s == '}')
2312 			    break;
2313 			av = s+1;
2314 		}
2315 		return;
2316 	}
2317 	av = p;
2318 	if (av)			/* then *av must be a ',' */
2319 		av++;
2320 
2321 	/* Check this entry */
2322 	if (d[1] == 0) { /* "any", specified as x.x.x.x/0 */
2323 		/*
2324 		 * 'any' turns the entire list into a NOP.
2325 		 * 'not any' never matches, so it is removed from the
2326 		 * list unless it is the only item, in which case we
2327 		 * report an error.
2328 		 */
2329 		if (cmd->o.len & F_NOT) {	/* "not any" never matches */
2330 			if (av == NULL && len == 0) /* only this entry */
2331 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "not any never matches");
2332 		}
2333 		/* else do nothing and skip this entry */
2334 		return;
2335 	}
2336 	/* A single IP can be stored in an optimized format */
2337 	if (d[1] == IP_MASK_ALL && av == NULL && len == 0) {
2338 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
2339 		return;
2340 	}
2341 	len += 2;	/* two words... */
2342 	d += 2;
2343     } /* end while */
2344     cmd->o.len |= len+1;
2345 }
2346 
2347 
2348 /*
2349  * helper function to process a set of flags and set bits in the
2350  * appropriate masks.
2351  */
2352 static void
2353 fill_flags(ipfw_insn *cmd, enum ipfw_opcodes opcode,
2354 	struct _s_x *flags, char *p)
2355 {
2356 	uint8_t set=0, clear=0;
2357 
2358 	while (p && *p) {
2359 		char *q;	/* points to the separator */
2360 		int val;
2361 		uint8_t *which;	/* mask we are working on */
2362 
2363 		if (*p == '!') {
2364 			p++;
2365 			which = &clear;
2366 		} else
2367 			which = &set;
2368 		q = strchr(p, ',');
2369 		if (q)
2370 			*q++ = '\0';
2371 		val = match_token(flags, p);
2372 		if (val <= 0)
2373 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid flag %s", p);
2374 		*which |= (uint8_t)val;
2375 		p = q;
2376 	}
2377         cmd->opcode = opcode;
2378         cmd->len =  (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | 1;
2379         cmd->arg1 = (set & 0xff) | ( (clear & 0xff) << 8);
2380 }
2381 
2382 
2383 static void
2384 delete(int ac, char *av[])
2385 {
2386 	uint32_t rulenum;
2387 	struct dn_pipe p;
2388 	int i;
2389 	int exitval = EX_OK;
2390 	int do_set = 0;
2391 
2392 	memset(&p, 0, sizeof p);
2393 
2394 	av++; ac--;
2395 	NEED1("missing rule specification");
2396 	if (ac > 0 && _substrcmp(*av, "set") == 0) {
2397 		do_set = 1;	/* delete set */
2398 		ac--; av++;
2399 	}
2400 
2401 	/* Rule number */
2402 	while (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
2403 		i = atoi(*av); av++; ac--;
2404 		if (do_pipe) {
2405 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2406 				p.pipe_nr = i;
2407 			else
2408 				p.fs.fs_nr = i;
2409 			i = do_cmd(IP_DUMMYNET_DEL, &p, sizeof p);
2410 			if (i) {
2411 				exitval = 1;
2412 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_DUMMYNET_DEL)",
2413 				    do_pipe == 1 ? p.pipe_nr : p.fs.fs_nr);
2414 			}
2415 		} else {
2416 			rulenum =  (i & 0xffff) | (do_set << 24);
2417 			i = do_cmd(IP_FW_DEL, &rulenum, sizeof rulenum);
2418 			if (i) {
2419 				exitval = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
2420 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_DEL)",
2421 				    rulenum);
2422 			}
2423 		}
2424 	}
2425 	if (exitval != EX_OK)
2426 		exit(exitval);
2427 }
2428 
2429 
2430 /*
2431  * fill the interface structure. We do not check the name as we can
2432  * create interfaces dynamically, so checking them at insert time
2433  * makes relatively little sense.
2434  * Interface names containing '*', '?', or '[' are assumed to be shell
2435  * patterns which match interfaces.
2436  */
2437 static void
2438 fill_iface(ipfw_insn_if *cmd, char *arg)
2439 {
2440 	cmd->name[0] = '\0';
2441 	cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_if);
2442 
2443 	/* Parse the interface or address */
2444 	if (strcmp(arg, "any") == 0)
2445 		cmd->o.len = 0;		/* effectively ignore this command */
2446 	else if (!isdigit(*arg)) {
2447 		strlcpy(cmd->name, arg, sizeof(cmd->name));
2448 		cmd->p.glob = strpbrk(arg, "*?[") != NULL ? 1 : 0;
2449 	} else if (!inet_aton(arg, &cmd->p.ip))
2450 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad ip address ``%s''", arg);
2451 }
2452 
2453 static void
2454 config_pipe(int ac, char **av)
2455 {
2456 	struct dn_pipe p;
2457 	int i;
2458 	char *end;
2459 	uint32_t a;
2460 	void *par = NULL;
2461 
2462 	memset(&p, 0, sizeof p);
2463 
2464 	av++; ac--;
2465 	/* Pipe number */
2466 	if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
2467 		i = atoi(*av); av++; ac--;
2468 		if (do_pipe == 1)
2469 			p.pipe_nr = i;
2470 		else
2471 			p.fs.fs_nr = i;
2472 	}
2473 	while (ac > 0) {
2474 		double d;
2475 		int tok = match_token(dummynet_params, *av);
2476 		ac--; av++;
2477 
2478 		switch(tok) {
2479 		case TOK_NOERROR:
2480 			p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_NOERROR;
2481 			break;
2482 
2483 		case TOK_PLR:
2484 			NEED1("plr needs argument 0..1\n");
2485 			d = strtod(av[0], NULL);
2486 			if (d > 1)
2487 				d = 1;
2488 			else if (d < 0)
2489 				d = 0;
2490 			p.fs.plr = (int)(d*0x7fffffff);
2491 			ac--; av++;
2492 			break;
2493 
2494 		case TOK_QUEUE:
2495 			NEED1("queue needs queue size\n");
2496 			end = NULL;
2497 			p.fs.qsize = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2498 			if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k') {
2499 				p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES;
2500 				p.fs.qsize *= 1024;
2501 			} else if (*end == 'B' ||
2502 			    _substrcmp2(end, "by", "bytes") == 0) {
2503 				p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES;
2504 			}
2505 			ac--; av++;
2506 			break;
2507 
2508 		case TOK_BUCKETS:
2509 			NEED1("buckets needs argument\n");
2510 			p.fs.rq_size = strtoul(av[0], NULL, 0);
2511 			ac--; av++;
2512 			break;
2513 
2514 		case TOK_MASK:
2515 			NEED1("mask needs mask specifier\n");
2516 			/*
2517 			 * per-flow queue, mask is dst_ip, dst_port,
2518 			 * src_ip, src_port, proto measured in bits
2519 			 */
2520 			par = NULL;
2521 
2522 			p.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip = 0;
2523 			p.fs.flow_mask.src_ip = 0;
2524 			p.fs.flow_mask.dst_port = 0;
2525 			p.fs.flow_mask.src_port = 0;
2526 			p.fs.flow_mask.proto = 0;
2527 			end = NULL;
2528 
2529 			while (ac >= 1) {
2530 			    uint32_t *p32 = NULL;
2531 			    uint16_t *p16 = NULL;
2532 
2533 			    tok = match_token(dummynet_params, *av);
2534 			    ac--; av++;
2535 			    switch(tok) {
2536 			    case TOK_ALL:
2537 				    /*
2538 				     * special case, all bits significant
2539 				     */
2540 				    p.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip = ~0;
2541 				    p.fs.flow_mask.src_ip = ~0;
2542 				    p.fs.flow_mask.dst_port = ~0;
2543 				    p.fs.flow_mask.src_port = ~0;
2544 				    p.fs.flow_mask.proto = ~0;
2545 				    p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_HAVE_FLOW_MASK;
2546 				    goto end_mask;
2547 
2548 			    case TOK_DSTIP:
2549 				    p32 = &p.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip;
2550 				    break;
2551 
2552 			    case TOK_SRCIP:
2553 				    p32 = &p.fs.flow_mask.src_ip;
2554 				    break;
2555 
2556 			    case TOK_DSTPORT:
2557 				    p16 = &p.fs.flow_mask.dst_port;
2558 				    break;
2559 
2560 			    case TOK_SRCPORT:
2561 				    p16 = &p.fs.flow_mask.src_port;
2562 				    break;
2563 
2564 			    case TOK_PROTO:
2565 				    break;
2566 
2567 			    default:
2568 				    ac++; av--; /* backtrack */
2569 				    goto end_mask;
2570 			    }
2571 			    if (ac < 1)
2572 				    errx(EX_USAGE, "mask: value missing");
2573 			    if (*av[0] == '/') {
2574 				    a = strtoul(av[0]+1, &end, 0);
2575 				    a = (a == 32) ? ~0 : (1 << a) - 1;
2576 			    } else
2577 				    a = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2578 			    if (p32 != NULL)
2579 				    *p32 = a;
2580 			    else if (p16 != NULL) {
2581 				    if (a > 0xFFFF)
2582 					    errx(EX_DATAERR,
2583 						"mask: must be 16 bit");
2584 				    *p16 = (uint16_t)a;
2585 			    } else {
2586 				    if (a > 0xFF)
2587 					    errx(EX_DATAERR,
2588 						"mask: must be 8 bit");
2589 				    p.fs.flow_mask.proto = (uint8_t)a;
2590 			    }
2591 			    if (a != 0)
2592 				    p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_HAVE_FLOW_MASK;
2593 			    ac--; av++;
2594 			} /* end while, config masks */
2595 end_mask:
2596 			break;
2597 
2598 		case TOK_RED:
2599 		case TOK_GRED:
2600 			NEED1("red/gred needs w_q/min_th/max_th/max_p\n");
2601 			p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_IS_RED;
2602 			if (tok == TOK_GRED)
2603 				p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_IS_GENTLE_RED;
2604 			/*
2605 			 * the format for parameters is w_q/min_th/max_th/max_p
2606 			 */
2607 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2608 			    double w_q = strtod(end, NULL);
2609 			    if (w_q > 1 || w_q <= 0)
2610 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "0 < w_q <= 1");
2611 			    p.fs.w_q = (int) (w_q * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2612 			}
2613 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2614 			    p.fs.min_th = strtoul(end, &end, 0);
2615 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k')
2616 				p.fs.min_th *= 1024;
2617 			}
2618 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2619 			    p.fs.max_th = strtoul(end, &end, 0);
2620 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k')
2621 				p.fs.max_th *= 1024;
2622 			}
2623 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2624 			    double max_p = strtod(end, NULL);
2625 			    if (max_p > 1 || max_p <= 0)
2626 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "0 < max_p <= 1");
2627 			    p.fs.max_p = (int)(max_p * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2628 			}
2629 			ac--; av++;
2630 			break;
2631 
2632 		case TOK_DROPTAIL:
2633 			p.fs.flags_fs &= ~(DN_IS_RED|DN_IS_GENTLE_RED);
2634 			break;
2635 
2636 		case TOK_BW:
2637 			NEED1("bw needs bandwidth or interface\n");
2638 			if (do_pipe != 1)
2639 			    errx(EX_DATAERR, "bandwidth only valid for pipes");
2640 			/*
2641 			 * set clocking interface or bandwidth value
2642 			 */
2643 			if (av[0][0] >= 'a' && av[0][0] <= 'z') {
2644 			    int l = sizeof(p.if_name)-1;
2645 			    /* interface name */
2646 			    strncpy(p.if_name, av[0], l);
2647 			    p.if_name[l] = '\0';
2648 			    p.bandwidth = 0;
2649 			} else {
2650 			    p.if_name[0] = '\0';
2651 			    p.bandwidth = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2652 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k') {
2653 				end++;
2654 				p.bandwidth *= 1000;
2655 			    } else if (*end == 'M') {
2656 				end++;
2657 				p.bandwidth *= 1000000;
2658 			    }
2659 			    if (*end == 'B' ||
2660 			        _substrcmp2(end, "by", "bytes") == 0)
2661 				p.bandwidth *= 8;
2662 			    if (p.bandwidth < 0)
2663 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "bandwidth too large");
2664 			}
2665 			ac--; av++;
2666 			break;
2667 
2668 		case TOK_DELAY:
2669 			if (do_pipe != 1)
2670 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "delay only valid for pipes");
2671 			NEED1("delay needs argument 0..10000ms\n");
2672 			p.delay = strtoul(av[0], NULL, 0);
2673 			ac--; av++;
2674 			break;
2675 
2676 		case TOK_WEIGHT:
2677 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2678 				errx(EX_DATAERR,"weight only valid for queues");
2679 			NEED1("weight needs argument 0..100\n");
2680 			p.fs.weight = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2681 			ac--; av++;
2682 			break;
2683 
2684 		case TOK_PIPE:
2685 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2686 				errx(EX_DATAERR,"pipe only valid for queues");
2687 			NEED1("pipe needs pipe_number\n");
2688 			p.fs.parent_nr = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2689 			ac--; av++;
2690 			break;
2691 
2692 		default:
2693 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "unrecognised option ``%s''", av[-1]);
2694 		}
2695 	}
2696 	if (do_pipe == 1) {
2697 		if (p.pipe_nr == 0)
2698 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "pipe_nr must be > 0");
2699 		if (p.delay > 10000)
2700 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "delay must be < 10000");
2701 	} else { /* do_pipe == 2, queue */
2702 		if (p.fs.parent_nr == 0)
2703 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "pipe must be > 0");
2704 		if (p.fs.weight >100)
2705 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "weight must be <= 100");
2706 	}
2707 	if (p.fs.flags_fs & DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES) {
2708 		if (p.fs.qsize > 1024*1024)
2709 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "queue size must be < 1MB");
2710 	} else {
2711 		if (p.fs.qsize > 100)
2712 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "2 <= queue size <= 100");
2713 	}
2714 	if (p.fs.flags_fs & DN_IS_RED) {
2715 		size_t len;
2716 		int lookup_depth, avg_pkt_size;
2717 		double s, idle, weight, w_q;
2718 		struct clockinfo ck;
2719 		int t;
2720 
2721 		if (p.fs.min_th >= p.fs.max_th)
2722 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "min_th %d must be < than max_th %d",
2723 			p.fs.min_th, p.fs.max_th);
2724 		if (p.fs.max_th == 0)
2725 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "max_th must be > 0");
2726 
2727 		len = sizeof(int);
2728 		if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth",
2729 			&lookup_depth, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2730 
2731 		    errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
2732 			"net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth");
2733 		if (lookup_depth == 0)
2734 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth"
2735 			" must be greater than zero");
2736 
2737 		len = sizeof(int);
2738 		if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size",
2739 			&avg_pkt_size, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2740 
2741 		    errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
2742 			"net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size");
2743 		if (avg_pkt_size == 0)
2744 			errx(EX_DATAERR,
2745 			    "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size must"
2746 			    " be greater than zero");
2747 
2748 		len = sizeof(struct clockinfo);
2749 		if (sysctlbyname("kern.clockrate", &ck, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2750 			errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")", "kern.clockrate");
2751 
2752 		/*
2753 		 * Ticks needed for sending a medium-sized packet.
2754 		 * Unfortunately, when we are configuring a WF2Q+ queue, we
2755 		 * do not have bandwidth information, because that is stored
2756 		 * in the parent pipe, and also we have multiple queues
2757 		 * competing for it. So we set s=0, which is not very
2758 		 * correct. But on the other hand, why do we want RED with
2759 		 * WF2Q+ ?
2760 		 */
2761 		if (p.bandwidth==0) /* this is a WF2Q+ queue */
2762 			s = 0;
2763 		else
2764 			s = ck.hz * avg_pkt_size * 8 / p.bandwidth;
2765 
2766 		/*
2767 		 * max idle time (in ticks) before avg queue size becomes 0.
2768 		 * NOTA:  (3/w_q) is approx the value x so that
2769 		 * (1-w_q)^x < 10^-3.
2770 		 */
2771 		w_q = ((double)p.fs.w_q) / (1 << SCALE_RED);
2772 		idle = s * 3. / w_q;
2773 		p.fs.lookup_step = (int)idle / lookup_depth;
2774 		if (!p.fs.lookup_step)
2775 			p.fs.lookup_step = 1;
2776 		weight = 1 - w_q;
2777 		for (t = p.fs.lookup_step; t > 0; --t)
2778 			weight *= weight;
2779 		p.fs.lookup_weight = (int)(weight * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2780 	}
2781 	i = do_cmd(IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE, &p, sizeof p);
2782 	if (i)
2783 		err(1, "setsockopt(%s)", "IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE");
2784 }
2785 
2786 static void
2787 get_mac_addr_mask(char *p, uint8_t *addr, uint8_t *mask)
2788 {
2789 	int i, l;
2790 
2791 	for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2792 		addr[i] = mask[i] = 0;
2793 	if (strcmp(p, "any") == 0)
2794 		return;
2795 
2796 	for (i=0; *p && i<6;i++, p++) {
2797 		addr[i] = strtol(p, &p, 16);
2798 		if (*p != ':') /* we start with the mask */
2799 			break;
2800 	}
2801 	if (*p == '/') { /* mask len */
2802 		l = strtol(p+1, &p, 0);
2803 		for (i=0; l>0; l -=8, i++)
2804 			mask[i] = (l >=8) ? 0xff : (~0) << (8-l);
2805 	} else if (*p == '&') { /* mask */
2806 		for (i=0, p++; *p && i<6;i++, p++) {
2807 			mask[i] = strtol(p, &p, 16);
2808 			if (*p != ':')
2809 				break;
2810 		}
2811 	} else if (*p == '\0') {
2812 		for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2813 			mask[i] = 0xff;
2814 	}
2815 	for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2816 		addr[i] &= mask[i];
2817 }
2818 
2819 /*
2820  * helper function, updates the pointer to cmd with the length
2821  * of the current command, and also cleans up the first word of
2822  * the new command in case it has been clobbered before.
2823  */
2824 static ipfw_insn *
2825 next_cmd(ipfw_insn *cmd)
2826 {
2827 	cmd += F_LEN(cmd);
2828 	bzero(cmd, sizeof(*cmd));
2829 	return cmd;
2830 }
2831 
2832 /*
2833  * Takes arguments and copies them into a comment
2834  */
2835 static void
2836 fill_comment(ipfw_insn *cmd, int ac, char **av)
2837 {
2838 	int i, l;
2839 	char *p = (char *)(cmd + 1);
2840 
2841 	cmd->opcode = O_NOP;
2842 	cmd->len =  (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR));
2843 
2844 	/* Compute length of comment string. */
2845 	for (i = 0, l = 0; i < ac; i++)
2846 		l += strlen(av[i]) + 1;
2847 	if (l == 0)
2848 		return;
2849 	if (l > 84)
2850 		errx(EX_DATAERR,
2851 		    "comment too long (max 80 chars)");
2852 	l = 1 + (l+3)/4;
2853 	cmd->len =  (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | l;
2854 	for (i = 0; i < ac; i++) {
2855 		strcpy(p, av[i]);
2856 		p += strlen(av[i]);
2857 		*p++ = ' ';
2858 	}
2859 	*(--p) = '\0';
2860 }
2861 
2862 /*
2863  * A function to fill simple commands of size 1.
2864  * Existing flags are preserved.
2865  */
2866 static void
2867 fill_cmd(ipfw_insn *cmd, enum ipfw_opcodes opcode, int flags, uint16_t arg)
2868 {
2869 	cmd->opcode = opcode;
2870 	cmd->len =  ((cmd->len | flags) & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | 1;
2871 	cmd->arg1 = arg;
2872 }
2873 
2874 /*
2875  * Fetch and add the MAC address and type, with masks. This generates one or
2876  * two microinstructions, and returns the pointer to the last one.
2877  */
2878 static ipfw_insn *
2879 add_mac(ipfw_insn *cmd, int ac, char *av[])
2880 {
2881 	ipfw_insn_mac *mac;
2882 
2883 	if (ac < 2)
2884 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "MAC dst src");
2885 
2886 	cmd->opcode = O_MACADDR2;
2887 	cmd->len = (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_mac);
2888 
2889 	mac = (ipfw_insn_mac *)cmd;
2890 	get_mac_addr_mask(av[0], mac->addr, mac->mask);	/* dst */
2891 	get_mac_addr_mask(av[1], &(mac->addr[6]), &(mac->mask[6])); /* src */
2892 	return cmd;
2893 }
2894 
2895 static ipfw_insn *
2896 add_mactype(ipfw_insn *cmd, int ac, char *av)
2897 {
2898 	if (ac < 1)
2899 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "missing MAC type");
2900 	if (strcmp(av, "any") != 0) { /* we have a non-null type */
2901 		fill_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, av, IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE);
2902 		cmd->opcode = O_MAC_TYPE;
2903 		return cmd;
2904 	} else
2905 		return NULL;
2906 }
2907 
2908 static ipfw_insn *
2909 add_proto(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2910 {
2911 	struct protoent *pe;
2912 	u_char proto = 0;
2913 
2914 	if (_substrcmp(av, "all") == 0)
2915 		; /* same as "ip" */
2916 	else if ((proto = atoi(av)) > 0)
2917 		; /* all done! */
2918 	else if ((pe = getprotobyname(av)) != NULL)
2919 		proto = pe->p_proto;
2920 	else
2921 		return NULL;
2922 	if (proto != IPPROTO_IP)
2923 		fill_cmd(cmd, O_PROTO, 0, proto);
2924 	return cmd;
2925 }
2926 
2927 static ipfw_insn *
2928 add_srcip(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2929 {
2930 	fill_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd, av);
2931 	if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_SET)			/* set */
2932 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_SET;
2933 	else if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_LOOKUP)		/* table */
2934 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_LOOKUP;
2935 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))		/* me */
2936 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_ME;
2937 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))	/* one IP */
2938 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC;
2939 	else							/* addr/mask */
2940 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_MASK;
2941 	return cmd;
2942 }
2943 
2944 static ipfw_insn *
2945 add_dstip(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2946 {
2947 	fill_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd, av);
2948 	if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_SET)			/* set */
2949 		;
2950 	else if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_LOOKUP)		/* table */
2951 		;
2952 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))		/* me */
2953 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST_ME;
2954 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))	/* one IP */
2955 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST;
2956 	else							/* addr/mask */
2957 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST_MASK;
2958 	return cmd;
2959 }
2960 
2961 static ipfw_insn *
2962 add_ports(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av, u_char proto, int opcode)
2963 {
2964 	if (_substrcmp(av, "any") == 0) {
2965 		return NULL;
2966 	} else if (fill_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, av, proto)) {
2967 		/* XXX todo: check that we have a protocol with ports */
2968 		cmd->opcode = opcode;
2969 		return cmd;
2970 	}
2971 	return NULL;
2972 }
2973 
2974 /*
2975  * Parse arguments and assemble the microinstructions which make up a rule.
2976  * Rules are added into the 'rulebuf' and then copied in the correct order
2977  * into the actual rule.
2978  *
2979  * The syntax for a rule starts with the action, followed by
2980  * optional action parameters, and the various match patterns.
2981  * In the assembled microcode, the first opcode must be an O_PROBE_STATE
2982  * (generated if the rule includes a keep-state option), then the
2983  * various match patterns, log/altq actions, and the actual action.
2984  *
2985  */
2986 static void
2987 add(int ac, char *av[])
2988 {
2989 	/*
2990 	 * rules are added into the 'rulebuf' and then copied in
2991 	 * the correct order into the actual rule.
2992 	 * Some things that need to go out of order (prob, action etc.)
2993 	 * go into actbuf[].
2994 	 */
2995 	static uint32_t rulebuf[255], actbuf[255], cmdbuf[255];
2996 
2997 	ipfw_insn *src, *dst, *cmd, *action, *prev=NULL;
2998 	ipfw_insn *first_cmd;	/* first match pattern */
2999 
3000 	struct ip_fw *rule;
3001 
3002 	/*
3003 	 * various flags used to record that we entered some fields.
3004 	 */
3005 	ipfw_insn *have_state = NULL;	/* check-state or keep-state */
3006 	ipfw_insn *have_log = NULL, *have_altq = NULL;
3007 	size_t len;
3008 
3009 	int i;
3010 
3011 	int open_par = 0;	/* open parenthesis ( */
3012 
3013 	/* proto is here because it is used to fetch ports */
3014 	u_char proto = IPPROTO_IP;	/* default protocol */
3015 
3016 	double match_prob = 1; /* match probability, default is always match */
3017 
3018 	bzero(actbuf, sizeof(actbuf));		/* actions go here */
3019 	bzero(cmdbuf, sizeof(cmdbuf));
3020 	bzero(rulebuf, sizeof(rulebuf));
3021 
3022 	rule = (struct ip_fw *)rulebuf;
3023 	cmd = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf;
3024 	action = (ipfw_insn *)actbuf;
3025 
3026 	av++; ac--;
3027 
3028 	/* [rule N]	-- Rule number optional */
3029 	if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
3030 		rule->rulenum = atoi(*av);
3031 		av++;
3032 		ac--;
3033 	}
3034 
3035 	/* [set N]	-- set number (0..RESVD_SET), optional */
3036 	if (ac > 1 && _substrcmp(*av, "set") == 0) {
3037 		int set = strtoul(av[1], NULL, 10);
3038 		if (set < 0 || set > RESVD_SET)
3039 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal set %s", av[1]);
3040 		rule->set = set;
3041 		av += 2; ac -= 2;
3042 	}
3043 
3044 	/* [prob D]	-- match probability, optional */
3045 	if (ac > 1 && _substrcmp(*av, "prob") == 0) {
3046 		match_prob = strtod(av[1], NULL);
3047 
3048 		if (match_prob <= 0 || match_prob > 1)
3049 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal match prob. %s", av[1]);
3050 		av += 2; ac -= 2;
3051 	}
3052 
3053 	/* action	-- mandatory */
3054 	NEED1("missing action");
3055 	i = match_token(rule_actions, *av);
3056 	ac--; av++;
3057 	action->len = 1;	/* default */
3058 	switch(i) {
3059 	case TOK_CHECKSTATE:
3060 		have_state = action;
3061 		action->opcode = O_CHECK_STATE;
3062 		break;
3063 
3064 	case TOK_ACCEPT:
3065 		action->opcode = O_ACCEPT;
3066 		break;
3067 
3068 	case TOK_DENY:
3069 		action->opcode = O_DENY;
3070 		action->arg1 = 0;
3071 		break;
3072 
3073 	case TOK_REJECT:
3074 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
3075 		action->arg1 = ICMP_UNREACH_HOST;
3076 		break;
3077 
3078 	case TOK_RESET:
3079 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
3080 		action->arg1 = ICMP_REJECT_RST;
3081 		break;
3082 
3083 	case TOK_UNREACH:
3084 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
3085 		NEED1("missing reject code");
3086 		fill_reject_code(&action->arg1, *av);
3087 		ac--; av++;
3088 		break;
3089 
3090 	case TOK_COUNT:
3091 		action->opcode = O_COUNT;
3092 		break;
3093 
3094 	case TOK_QUEUE:
3095 	case TOK_PIPE:
3096 		action->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_pipe);
3097 	case TOK_SKIPTO:
3098 		if (i == TOK_QUEUE)
3099 			action->opcode = O_QUEUE;
3100 		else if (i == TOK_PIPE)
3101 			action->opcode = O_PIPE;
3102 		else if (i == TOK_SKIPTO)
3103 			action->opcode = O_SKIPTO;
3104 		NEED1("missing skipto/pipe/queue number");
3105 		action->arg1 = strtoul(*av, NULL, 10);
3106 		av++; ac--;
3107 		break;
3108 
3109 	case TOK_DIVERT:
3110 	case TOK_TEE:
3111 		action->opcode = (i == TOK_DIVERT) ? O_DIVERT : O_TEE;
3112 		NEED1("missing divert/tee port");
3113 		action->arg1 = strtoul(*av, NULL, 0);
3114 		if (action->arg1 == 0) {
3115 			struct servent *s;
3116 			setservent(1);
3117 			s = getservbyname(av[0], "divert");
3118 			if (s != NULL)
3119 				action->arg1 = ntohs(s->s_port);
3120 			else
3121 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal divert/tee port");
3122 		}
3123 		ac--; av++;
3124 		break;
3125 
3126 	case TOK_FORWARD: {
3127 		ipfw_insn_sa *p = (ipfw_insn_sa *)action;
3128 		char *s, *end;
3129 
3130 		NEED1("missing forward address[:port]");
3131 
3132 		action->opcode = O_FORWARD_IP;
3133 		action->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_sa);
3134 
3135 		p->sa.sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
3136 		p->sa.sin_family = AF_INET;
3137 		p->sa.sin_port = 0;
3138 		/*
3139 		 * locate the address-port separator (':' or ',')
3140 		 */
3141 		s = strchr(*av, ':');
3142 		if (s == NULL)
3143 			s = strchr(*av, ',');
3144 		if (s != NULL) {
3145 			*(s++) = '\0';
3146 			i = strtoport(s, &end, 0 /* base */, 0 /* proto */);
3147 			if (s == end)
3148 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
3149 				    "illegal forwarding port ``%s''", s);
3150 			p->sa.sin_port = (u_short)i;
3151 		}
3152 		lookup_host(*av, &(p->sa.sin_addr));
3153 		}
3154 		ac--; av++;
3155 		break;
3156 
3157 	case TOK_COMMENT:
3158 		/* pretend it is a 'count' rule followed by the comment */
3159 		action->opcode = O_COUNT;
3160 		ac++; av--;	/* go back... */
3161 		break;
3162 
3163 	default:
3164 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid action %s\n", av[-1]);
3165 	}
3166 	action = next_cmd(action);
3167 
3168 	/*
3169 	 * [altq queuename] -- altq tag, optional
3170 	 * [log [logamount N]]	-- log, optional
3171 	 *
3172 	 * If they exist, it go first in the cmdbuf, but then it is
3173 	 * skipped in the copy section to the end of the buffer.
3174 	 */
3175 	while (ac != 0 && (i = match_token(rule_action_params, *av)) != -1) {
3176 		ac--; av++;
3177 		switch (i) {
3178 		case TOK_LOG:
3179 		    {
3180 			ipfw_insn_log *c = (ipfw_insn_log *)cmd;
3181 			int l;
3182 
3183 			if (have_log)
3184 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
3185 				    "log cannot be specified more than once");
3186 			have_log = (ipfw_insn *)c;
3187 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_log);
3188 			cmd->opcode = O_LOG;
3189 			if (ac && _substrcmp(*av, "logamount") == 0) {
3190 				ac--; av++;
3191 				NEED1("logamount requires argument");
3192 				l = atoi(*av);
3193 				if (l < 0)
3194 					errx(EX_DATAERR,
3195 					    "logamount must be positive");
3196 				c->max_log = l;
3197 				ac--; av++;
3198 			} else {
3199 				len = sizeof(c->max_log);
3200 				if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.verbose_limit",
3201 				    &c->max_log, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
3202 					errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
3203 					    "net.inet.ip.fw.verbose_limit");
3204 			}
3205 		    }
3206 			break;
3207 
3208 		case TOK_ALTQ:
3209 		    {
3210 			ipfw_insn_altq *a = (ipfw_insn_altq *)cmd;
3211 
3212 			NEED1("missing altq queue name");
3213 			if (have_altq)
3214 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
3215 				    "altq cannot be specified more than once");
3216 			have_altq = (ipfw_insn *)a;
3217 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_altq);
3218 			cmd->opcode = O_ALTQ;
3219 			fill_altq_qid(&a->qid, *av);
3220 			ac--; av++;
3221 		    }
3222 			break;
3223 
3224 		default:
3225 			abort();
3226 		}
3227 		cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3228 	}
3229 
3230 	if (have_state)	/* must be a check-state, we are done */
3231 		goto done;
3232 
3233 #define OR_START(target)					\
3234 	if (ac && (*av[0] == '(' || *av[0] == '{')) {		\
3235 		if (open_par)					\
3236 			errx(EX_USAGE, "nested \"(\" not allowed\n"); \
3237 		prev = NULL;					\
3238 		open_par = 1;					\
3239 		if ( (av[0])[1] == '\0') {			\
3240 			ac--; av++;				\
3241 		} else						\
3242 			(*av)++;				\
3243 	}							\
3244 	target:							\
3245 
3246 
3247 #define	CLOSE_PAR						\
3248 	if (open_par) {						\
3249 		if (ac && (					\
3250 		    strcmp(*av, ")") == 0 ||			\
3251 		    strcmp(*av, "}") == 0)) {			\
3252 			prev = NULL;				\
3253 			open_par = 0;				\
3254 			ac--; av++;				\
3255 		} else						\
3256 			errx(EX_USAGE, "missing \")\"\n");	\
3257 	}
3258 
3259 #define NOT_BLOCK						\
3260 	if (ac && _substrcmp(*av, "not") == 0) {		\
3261 		if (cmd->len & F_NOT)				\
3262 			errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n"); \
3263 		cmd->len |= F_NOT;				\
3264 		ac--; av++;					\
3265 	}
3266 
3267 #define OR_BLOCK(target)					\
3268 	if (ac && _substrcmp(*av, "or") == 0) {		\
3269 		if (prev == NULL || open_par == 0)		\
3270 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid OR block");	\
3271 		prev->len |= F_OR;				\
3272 		ac--; av++;					\
3273 		goto target;					\
3274 	}							\
3275 	CLOSE_PAR;
3276 
3277 	first_cmd = cmd;
3278 
3279 #if 0
3280 	/*
3281 	 * MAC addresses, optional.
3282 	 * If we have this, we skip the part "proto from src to dst"
3283 	 * and jump straight to the option parsing.
3284 	 */
3285 	NOT_BLOCK;
3286 	NEED1("missing protocol");
3287 	if (_substrcmp(*av, "MAC") == 0 ||
3288 	    _substrcmp(*av, "mac") == 0) {
3289 		ac--; av++;	/* the "MAC" keyword */
3290 		add_mac(cmd, ac, av); /* exits in case of errors */
3291 		cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3292 		ac -= 2; av += 2;	/* dst-mac and src-mac */
3293 		NOT_BLOCK;
3294 		NEED1("missing mac type");
3295 		if (add_mactype(cmd, ac, av[0]))
3296 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3297 		ac--; av++;	/* any or mac-type */
3298 		goto read_options;
3299 	}
3300 #endif
3301 
3302 	/*
3303 	 * protocol, mandatory
3304 	 */
3305     OR_START(get_proto);
3306 	NOT_BLOCK;
3307 	NEED1("missing protocol");
3308 	if (add_proto(cmd, *av)) {
3309 		av++; ac--;
3310 		if (F_LEN(cmd) == 0)	/* plain IP */
3311 			proto = 0;
3312 		else {
3313 			proto = cmd->arg1;
3314 			prev = cmd;
3315 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3316 		}
3317 	} else if (first_cmd != cmd) {
3318 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid protocol ``%s''", *av);
3319 	} else
3320 		goto read_options;
3321     OR_BLOCK(get_proto);
3322 
3323 	/*
3324 	 * "from", mandatory
3325 	 */
3326 	if (!ac || _substrcmp(*av, "from") != 0)
3327 		errx(EX_USAGE, "missing ``from''");
3328 	ac--; av++;
3329 
3330 	/*
3331 	 * source IP, mandatory
3332 	 */
3333     OR_START(source_ip);
3334 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
3335 	NEED1("missing source address");
3336 	if (add_srcip(cmd, *av)) {
3337 		ac--; av++;
3338 		if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0) {	/* ! any */
3339 			prev = cmd;
3340 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3341 		}
3342 	}
3343     OR_BLOCK(source_ip);
3344 
3345 	/*
3346 	 * source ports, optional
3347 	 */
3348 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
3349 	if (ac) {
3350 		if (_substrcmp(*av, "any") == 0 ||
3351 		    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_SRCPORT)) {
3352 			ac--; av++;
3353 			if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0)
3354 				cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3355 		}
3356 	}
3357 
3358 	/*
3359 	 * "to", mandatory
3360 	 */
3361 	if (!ac || _substrcmp(*av, "to") != 0)
3362 		errx(EX_USAGE, "missing ``to''");
3363 	av++; ac--;
3364 
3365 	/*
3366 	 * destination, mandatory
3367 	 */
3368     OR_START(dest_ip);
3369 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
3370 	NEED1("missing dst address");
3371 	if (add_dstip(cmd, *av)) {
3372 		ac--; av++;
3373 		if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0) {	/* ! any */
3374 			prev = cmd;
3375 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3376 		}
3377 	}
3378     OR_BLOCK(dest_ip);
3379 
3380 	/*
3381 	 * dest. ports, optional
3382 	 */
3383 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
3384 	if (ac) {
3385 		if (_substrcmp(*av, "any") == 0 ||
3386 		    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_DSTPORT)) {
3387 			ac--; av++;
3388 			if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0)
3389 				cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3390 		}
3391 	}
3392 
3393 read_options:
3394 	if (ac && first_cmd == cmd) {
3395 		/*
3396 		 * nothing specified so far, store in the rule to ease
3397 		 * printout later.
3398 		 */
3399 		 rule->_pad = 1;
3400 	}
3401 	prev = NULL;
3402 	while (ac) {
3403 		char *s;
3404 		ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd32;	/* alias for cmd */
3405 
3406 		s = *av;
3407 		cmd32 = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
3408 
3409 		if (*s == '!') {	/* alternate syntax for NOT */
3410 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
3411 				errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n");
3412 			cmd->len = F_NOT;
3413 			s++;
3414 		}
3415 		i = match_token(rule_options, s);
3416 		ac--; av++;
3417 		switch(i) {
3418 		case TOK_NOT:
3419 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
3420 				errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n");
3421 			cmd->len = F_NOT;
3422 			break;
3423 
3424 		case TOK_OR:
3425 			if (open_par == 0 || prev == NULL)
3426 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid \"or\" block\n");
3427 			prev->len |= F_OR;
3428 			break;
3429 
3430 		case TOK_STARTBRACE:
3431 			if (open_par)
3432 				errx(EX_USAGE, "+nested \"(\" not allowed\n");
3433 			open_par = 1;
3434 			break;
3435 
3436 		case TOK_ENDBRACE:
3437 			if (!open_par)
3438 				errx(EX_USAGE, "+missing \")\"\n");
3439 			open_par = 0;
3440 			prev = NULL;
3441         		break;
3442 
3443 		case TOK_IN:
3444 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IN, 0, 0);
3445 			break;
3446 
3447 		case TOK_OUT:
3448 			cmd->len ^= F_NOT; /* toggle F_NOT */
3449 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IN, 0, 0);
3450 			break;
3451 
3452 		case TOK_DIVERTED:
3453 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_DIVERTED, 0, 3);
3454 			break;
3455 
3456 		case TOK_DIVERTEDLOOPBACK:
3457 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_DIVERTED, 0, 1);
3458 			break;
3459 
3460 		case TOK_DIVERTEDOUTPUT:
3461 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_DIVERTED, 0, 2);
3462 			break;
3463 
3464 		case TOK_FRAG:
3465 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_FRAG, 0, 0);
3466 			break;
3467 
3468 		case TOK_LAYER2:
3469 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_LAYER2, 0, 0);
3470 			break;
3471 
3472 		case TOK_XMIT:
3473 		case TOK_RECV:
3474 		case TOK_VIA:
3475 			NEED1("recv, xmit, via require interface name"
3476 				" or address");
3477 			fill_iface((ipfw_insn_if *)cmd, av[0]);
3478 			ac--; av++;
3479 			if (F_LEN(cmd) == 0)	/* not a valid address */
3480 				break;
3481 			if (i == TOK_XMIT)
3482 				cmd->opcode = O_XMIT;
3483 			else if (i == TOK_RECV)
3484 				cmd->opcode = O_RECV;
3485 			else if (i == TOK_VIA)
3486 				cmd->opcode = O_VIA;
3487 			break;
3488 
3489 		case TOK_ICMPTYPES:
3490 			NEED1("icmptypes requires list of types");
3491 			fill_icmptypes((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd, *av);
3492 			av++; ac--;
3493 			break;
3494 
3495 		case TOK_IPTTL:
3496 			NEED1("ipttl requires TTL");
3497 			if (strpbrk(*av, "-,")) {
3498 			    if (!add_ports(cmd, *av, 0, O_IPTTL))
3499 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid ipttl %s", *av);
3500 			} else
3501 			    fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPTTL, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3502 			ac--; av++;
3503 			break;
3504 
3505 		case TOK_IPID:
3506 			NEED1("ipid requires id");
3507 			if (strpbrk(*av, "-,")) {
3508 			    if (!add_ports(cmd, *av, 0, O_IPID))
3509 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid ipid %s", *av);
3510 			} else
3511 			    fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPID, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3512 			ac--; av++;
3513 			break;
3514 
3515 		case TOK_IPLEN:
3516 			NEED1("iplen requires length");
3517 			if (strpbrk(*av, "-,")) {
3518 			    if (!add_ports(cmd, *av, 0, O_IPLEN))
3519 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid ip len %s", *av);
3520 			} else
3521 			    fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPLEN, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3522 			ac--; av++;
3523 			break;
3524 
3525 		case TOK_IPVER:
3526 			NEED1("ipver requires version");
3527 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPVER, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3528 			ac--; av++;
3529 			break;
3530 
3531 		case TOK_IPPRECEDENCE:
3532 			NEED1("ipprecedence requires value");
3533 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPPRECEDENCE, 0,
3534 			    (strtoul(*av, NULL, 0) & 7) << 5);
3535 			ac--; av++;
3536 			break;
3537 
3538 		case TOK_IPOPTS:
3539 			NEED1("missing argument for ipoptions");
3540 			fill_flags(cmd, O_IPOPT, f_ipopts, *av);
3541 			ac--; av++;
3542 			break;
3543 
3544 		case TOK_IPTOS:
3545 			NEED1("missing argument for iptos");
3546 			fill_flags(cmd, O_IPTOS, f_iptos, *av);
3547 			ac--; av++;
3548 			break;
3549 
3550 		case TOK_UID:
3551 			NEED1("uid requires argument");
3552 		    {
3553 			char *end;
3554 			uid_t uid;
3555 			struct passwd *pwd;
3556 
3557 			cmd->opcode = O_UID;
3558 			uid = strtoul(*av, &end, 0);
3559 			pwd = (*end == '\0') ? getpwuid(uid) : getpwnam(*av);
3560 			if (pwd == NULL)
3561 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "uid \"%s\" nonexistent", *av);
3562 			cmd32->d[0] = pwd->pw_uid;
3563 			cmd->len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3564 			ac--; av++;
3565 		    }
3566 			break;
3567 
3568 		case TOK_GID:
3569 			NEED1("gid requires argument");
3570 		    {
3571 			char *end;
3572 			gid_t gid;
3573 			struct group *grp;
3574 
3575 			cmd->opcode = O_GID;
3576 			gid = strtoul(*av, &end, 0);
3577 			grp = (*end == '\0') ? getgrgid(gid) : getgrnam(*av);
3578 			if (grp == NULL)
3579 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "gid \"%s\" nonexistent", *av);
3580 			cmd32->d[0] = grp->gr_gid;
3581 			cmd->len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3582 			ac--; av++;
3583 		    }
3584 			break;
3585 
3586 		case TOK_JAIL:
3587 			NEED1("jail requires argument");
3588 		    {
3589 			char *end;
3590 			int jid;
3591 
3592 			cmd->opcode = O_JAIL;
3593 			jid = (int)strtol(*av, &end, 0);
3594 			if (jid < 0 || *end != '\0')
3595 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "jail requires prison ID");
3596 			cmd32->d[0] = (uint32_t)jid;
3597 			cmd->len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3598 			ac--; av++;
3599 		    }
3600 			break;
3601 
3602 		case TOK_ESTAB:
3603 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_ESTAB, 0, 0);
3604 			break;
3605 
3606 		case TOK_SETUP:
3607 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_TCPFLAGS, 0,
3608 				(TH_SYN) | ( (TH_ACK) & 0xff) <<8 );
3609 			break;
3610 
3611 		case TOK_TCPDATALEN:
3612 			NEED1("tcpdatalen requires length");
3613 			if (strpbrk(*av, "-,")) {
3614 			    if (!add_ports(cmd, *av, 0, O_TCPDATALEN))
3615 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid tcpdata len %s", *av);
3616 			} else
3617 			    fill_cmd(cmd, O_TCPDATALEN, 0,
3618 				    strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3619 			ac--; av++;
3620 			break;
3621 
3622 		case TOK_TCPOPTS:
3623 			NEED1("missing argument for tcpoptions");
3624 			fill_flags(cmd, O_TCPOPTS, f_tcpopts, *av);
3625 			ac--; av++;
3626 			break;
3627 
3628 		case TOK_TCPSEQ:
3629 		case TOK_TCPACK:
3630 			NEED1("tcpseq/tcpack requires argument");
3631 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3632 			cmd->opcode = (i == TOK_TCPSEQ) ? O_TCPSEQ : O_TCPACK;
3633 			cmd32->d[0] = htonl(strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3634 			ac--; av++;
3635 			break;
3636 
3637 		case TOK_TCPWIN:
3638 			NEED1("tcpwin requires length");
3639 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_TCPWIN, 0,
3640 			    htons(strtoul(*av, NULL, 0)));
3641 			ac--; av++;
3642 			break;
3643 
3644 		case TOK_TCPFLAGS:
3645 			NEED1("missing argument for tcpflags");
3646 			cmd->opcode = O_TCPFLAGS;
3647 			fill_flags(cmd, O_TCPFLAGS, f_tcpflags, *av);
3648 			ac--; av++;
3649 			break;
3650 
3651 		case TOK_KEEPSTATE:
3652 			if (open_par)
3653 				errx(EX_USAGE, "keep-state cannot be part "
3654 				    "of an or block");
3655 			if (have_state)
3656 				errx(EX_USAGE, "only one of keep-state "
3657 					"and limit is allowed");
3658 			have_state = cmd;
3659 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_KEEP_STATE, 0, 0);
3660 			break;
3661 
3662 		case TOK_LIMIT:
3663 			if (open_par)
3664 				errx(EX_USAGE, "limit cannot be part "
3665 				    "of an or block");
3666 			if (have_state)
3667 				errx(EX_USAGE, "only one of keep-state "
3668 					"and limit is allowed");
3669 			NEED1("limit needs mask and # of connections");
3670 			have_state = cmd;
3671 		    {
3672 			ipfw_insn_limit *c = (ipfw_insn_limit *)cmd;
3673 
3674 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_limit);
3675 			cmd->opcode = O_LIMIT;
3676 			c->limit_mask = 0;
3677 			c->conn_limit = 0;
3678 			for (; ac >1 ;) {
3679 				int val;
3680 
3681 				val = match_token(limit_masks, *av);
3682 				if (val <= 0)
3683 					break;
3684 				c->limit_mask |= val;
3685 				ac--; av++;
3686 			}
3687 			c->conn_limit = atoi(*av);
3688 			if (c->conn_limit == 0)
3689 				errx(EX_USAGE, "limit: limit must be >0");
3690 			if (c->limit_mask == 0)
3691 				errx(EX_USAGE, "missing limit mask");
3692 			ac--; av++;
3693 		    }
3694 			break;
3695 
3696 		case TOK_PROTO:
3697 			NEED1("missing protocol");
3698 			if (add_proto(cmd, *av)) {
3699 				proto = cmd->arg1;
3700 				ac--; av++;
3701 			} else
3702 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid protocol ``%s''",
3703 				    *av);
3704 			break;
3705 
3706 		case TOK_SRCIP:
3707 			NEED1("missing source IP");
3708 			if (add_srcip(cmd, *av)) {
3709 				ac--; av++;
3710 			}
3711 			break;
3712 
3713 		case TOK_DSTIP:
3714 			NEED1("missing destination IP");
3715 			if (add_dstip(cmd, *av)) {
3716 				ac--; av++;
3717 			}
3718 			break;
3719 
3720 		case TOK_SRCPORT:
3721 			NEED1("missing source port");
3722 			if (_substrcmp(*av, "any") == 0 ||
3723 			    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_SRCPORT)) {
3724 				ac--; av++;
3725 			} else
3726 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid source port %s", *av);
3727 			break;
3728 
3729 		case TOK_DSTPORT:
3730 			NEED1("missing destination port");
3731 			if (_substrcmp(*av, "any") == 0 ||
3732 			    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_DSTPORT)) {
3733 				ac--; av++;
3734 			} else
3735 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid destination port %s",
3736 				    *av);
3737 			break;
3738 
3739 		case TOK_MAC:
3740 			if (add_mac(cmd, ac, av)) {
3741 				ac -= 2; av += 2;
3742 			}
3743 			break;
3744 
3745 		case TOK_MACTYPE:
3746 			NEED1("missing mac type");
3747 			if (!add_mactype(cmd, ac, *av))
3748 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid mac type %s", *av);
3749 			ac--; av++;
3750 			break;
3751 
3752 		case TOK_VERREVPATH:
3753 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_VERREVPATH, 0, 0);
3754 			break;
3755 
3756 		case TOK_VERSRCREACH:
3757 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_VERSRCREACH, 0, 0);
3758 			break;
3759 
3760 		case TOK_ANTISPOOF:
3761 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_ANTISPOOF, 0, 0);
3762 			break;
3763 
3764 		case TOK_IPSEC:
3765 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPSEC, 0, 0);
3766 			break;
3767 
3768 		case TOK_COMMENT:
3769 			fill_comment(cmd, ac, av);
3770 			av += ac;
3771 			ac = 0;
3772 			break;
3773 
3774 		default:
3775 			errx(EX_USAGE, "unrecognised option [%d] %s\n", i, s);
3776 		}
3777 		if (F_LEN(cmd) > 0) {	/* prepare to advance */
3778 			prev = cmd;
3779 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3780 		}
3781 	}
3782 
3783 done:
3784 	/*
3785 	 * Now copy stuff into the rule.
3786 	 * If we have a keep-state option, the first instruction
3787 	 * must be a PROBE_STATE (which is generated here).
3788 	 * If we have a LOG option, it was stored as the first command,
3789 	 * and now must be moved to the top of the action part.
3790 	 */
3791 	dst = (ipfw_insn *)rule->cmd;
3792 
3793 	/*
3794 	 * First thing to write into the command stream is the match probability.
3795 	 */
3796 	if (match_prob != 1) { /* 1 means always match */
3797 		dst->opcode = O_PROB;
3798 		dst->len = 2;
3799 		*((int32_t *)(dst+1)) = (int32_t)(match_prob * 0x7fffffff);
3800 		dst += dst->len;
3801 	}
3802 
3803 	/*
3804 	 * generate O_PROBE_STATE if necessary
3805 	 */
3806 	if (have_state && have_state->opcode != O_CHECK_STATE) {
3807 		fill_cmd(dst, O_PROBE_STATE, 0, 0);
3808 		dst = next_cmd(dst);
3809 	}
3810 	/*
3811 	 * copy all commands but O_LOG, O_KEEP_STATE, O_LIMIT, O_ALTQ
3812 	 */
3813 	for (src = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf; src != cmd; src += i) {
3814 		i = F_LEN(src);
3815 
3816 		switch (src->opcode) {
3817 		case O_LOG:
3818 		case O_KEEP_STATE:
3819 		case O_LIMIT:
3820 		case O_ALTQ:
3821 			break;
3822 		default:
3823 			bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(uint32_t));
3824 			dst += i;
3825 		}
3826 	}
3827 
3828 	/*
3829 	 * put back the have_state command as last opcode
3830 	 */
3831 	if (have_state && have_state->opcode != O_CHECK_STATE) {
3832 		i = F_LEN(have_state);
3833 		bcopy(have_state, dst, i * sizeof(uint32_t));
3834 		dst += i;
3835 	}
3836 	/*
3837 	 * start action section
3838 	 */
3839 	rule->act_ofs = dst - rule->cmd;
3840 
3841 	/*
3842 	 * put back O_LOG, O_ALTQ if necessary
3843 	 */
3844 	if (have_log) {
3845 		i = F_LEN(have_log);
3846 		bcopy(have_log, dst, i * sizeof(uint32_t));
3847 		dst += i;
3848 	}
3849 	if (have_altq) {
3850 		i = F_LEN(have_altq);
3851 		bcopy(have_altq, dst, i * sizeof(uint32_t));
3852 		dst += i;
3853 	}
3854 	/*
3855 	 * copy all other actions
3856 	 */
3857 	for (src = (ipfw_insn *)actbuf; src != action; src += i) {
3858 		i = F_LEN(src);
3859 		bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(uint32_t));
3860 		dst += i;
3861 	}
3862 
3863 	rule->cmd_len = (uint32_t *)dst - (uint32_t *)(rule->cmd);
3864 	i = (char *)dst - (char *)rule;
3865 	if (do_cmd(IP_FW_ADD, rule, (uintptr_t)&i) == -1)
3866 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "getsockopt(%s)", "IP_FW_ADD");
3867 	if (!do_quiet)
3868 		show_ipfw(rule, 0, 0);
3869 }
3870 
3871 static void
3872 zero(int ac, char *av[], int optname /* IP_FW_ZERO or IP_FW_RESETLOG */)
3873 {
3874 	int rulenum;
3875 	int failed = EX_OK;
3876 	char const *name = optname == IP_FW_ZERO ?  "ZERO" : "RESETLOG";
3877 
3878 	av++; ac--;
3879 
3880 	if (!ac) {
3881 		/* clear all entries */
3882 		if (do_cmd(optname, NULL, 0) < 0)
3883 			err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(IP_FW_%s)", name);
3884 		if (!do_quiet)
3885 			printf("%s.\n", optname == IP_FW_ZERO ?
3886 			    "Accounting cleared":"Logging counts reset");
3887 
3888 		return;
3889 	}
3890 
3891 	while (ac) {
3892 		/* Rule number */
3893 		if (isdigit(**av)) {
3894 			rulenum = atoi(*av);
3895 			av++;
3896 			ac--;
3897 			if (do_cmd(optname, &rulenum, sizeof rulenum)) {
3898 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_%s)",
3899 				    rulenum, name);
3900 				failed = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
3901 			} else if (!do_quiet)
3902 				printf("Entry %d %s.\n", rulenum,
3903 				    optname == IP_FW_ZERO ?
3904 					"cleared" : "logging count reset");
3905 		} else {
3906 			errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid rule number ``%s''", *av);
3907 		}
3908 	}
3909 	if (failed != EX_OK)
3910 		exit(failed);
3911 }
3912 
3913 static void
3914 flush(int force)
3915 {
3916 	int cmd = do_pipe ? IP_DUMMYNET_FLUSH : IP_FW_FLUSH;
3917 
3918 	if (!force && !do_quiet) { /* need to ask user */
3919 		int c;
3920 
3921 		printf("Are you sure? [yn] ");
3922 		fflush(stdout);
3923 		do {
3924 			c = toupper(getc(stdin));
3925 			while (c != '\n' && getc(stdin) != '\n')
3926 				if (feof(stdin))
3927 					return; /* and do not flush */
3928 		} while (c != 'Y' && c != 'N');
3929 		printf("\n");
3930 		if (c == 'N')	/* user said no */
3931 			return;
3932 	}
3933 	if (do_cmd(cmd, NULL, 0) < 0)
3934 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(IP_%s_FLUSH)",
3935 		    do_pipe ? "DUMMYNET" : "FW");
3936 	if (!do_quiet)
3937 		printf("Flushed all %s.\n", do_pipe ? "pipes" : "rules");
3938 }
3939 
3940 /*
3941  * Free a the (locally allocated) copy of command line arguments.
3942  */
3943 static void
3944 free_args(int ac, char **av)
3945 {
3946 	int i;
3947 
3948 	for (i=0; i < ac; i++)
3949 		free(av[i]);
3950 	free(av);
3951 }
3952 
3953 /*
3954  * This one handles all table-related commands
3955  * 	ipfw table N add addr[/masklen] [value]
3956  * 	ipfw table N delete addr[/masklen]
3957  * 	ipfw table N flush
3958  * 	ipfw table N list
3959  */
3960 static void
3961 table_handler(int ac, char *av[])
3962 {
3963 	ipfw_table_entry ent;
3964 	ipfw_table *tbl;
3965 	int do_add;
3966 	char *p;
3967 	socklen_t l;
3968 	uint32_t a;
3969 
3970 	ac--; av++;
3971 	if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
3972 		ent.tbl = atoi(*av);
3973 		ac--; av++;
3974 	} else
3975 		errx(EX_USAGE, "table number required");
3976 	NEED1("table needs command");
3977 	if (_substrcmp(*av, "add") == 0 ||
3978 	    _substrcmp(*av, "delete") == 0) {
3979 		do_add = **av == 'a';
3980 		ac--; av++;
3981 		if (!ac)
3982 			errx(EX_USAGE, "IP address required");
3983 		p = strchr(*av, '/');
3984 		if (p) {
3985 			*p++ = '\0';
3986 			ent.masklen = atoi(p);
3987 			if (ent.masklen > 32)
3988 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad width ``%s''", p);
3989 		} else
3990 			ent.masklen = 32;
3991 		if (lookup_host(*av, (struct in_addr *)&ent.addr) != 0)
3992 			errx(EX_NOHOST, "hostname ``%s'' unknown", *av);
3993 		ac--; av++;
3994 		if (do_add && ac)
3995 			ent.value = strtoul(*av, NULL, 0);
3996 		else
3997 			ent.value = 0;
3998 		if (do_cmd(do_add ? IP_FW_TABLE_ADD : IP_FW_TABLE_DEL,
3999 		    &ent, sizeof(ent)) < 0)
4000 			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt(IP_FW_TABLE_%s)",
4001 			    do_add ? "ADD" : "DEL");
4002 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "flush") == 0) {
4003 		if (do_cmd(IP_FW_TABLE_FLUSH, &ent.tbl, sizeof(ent.tbl)) < 0)
4004 			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt(IP_FW_TABLE_FLUSH)");
4005 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "list") == 0) {
4006 		a = ent.tbl;
4007 		l = sizeof(a);
4008 		if (do_cmd(IP_FW_TABLE_GETSIZE, &a, (uintptr_t)&l) < 0)
4009 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_FW_TABLE_GETSIZE)");
4010 		l = sizeof(*tbl) + a * sizeof(ipfw_table_entry);
4011 		tbl = malloc(l);
4012 		if (tbl == NULL)
4013 			err(EX_OSERR, "malloc");
4014 		tbl->tbl = ent.tbl;
4015 		if (do_cmd(IP_FW_TABLE_LIST, tbl, (uintptr_t)&l) < 0)
4016 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_FW_TABLE_LIST)");
4017 		for (a = 0; a < tbl->cnt; a++) {
4018 			printf("%s/%u %u\n",
4019 			    inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&tbl->ent[a].addr),
4020 			    tbl->ent[a].masklen, tbl->ent[a].value);
4021 		}
4022 	} else
4023 		errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid table command %s", *av);
4024 }
4025 
4026 /*
4027  * Called with the arguments (excluding program name).
4028  * Returns 0 if successful, 1 if empty command, errx() in case of errors.
4029  */
4030 static int
4031 ipfw_main(int oldac, char **oldav)
4032 {
4033 	int ch, ac, save_ac;
4034 	char **av, **save_av;
4035 	int do_acct = 0;		/* Show packet/byte count */
4036 
4037 #define WHITESP		" \t\f\v\n\r"
4038 	if (oldac == 0)
4039 		return 1;
4040 	else if (oldac == 1) {
4041 		/*
4042 		 * If we are called with a single string, try to split it into
4043 		 * arguments for subsequent parsing.
4044 		 * But first, remove spaces after a ',', by copying the string
4045 		 * in-place.
4046 		 */
4047 		char *arg = oldav[0];	/* The string... */
4048 		int l = strlen(arg);
4049 		int copy = 0;		/* 1 if we need to copy, 0 otherwise */
4050 		int i, j;
4051 		for (i = j = 0; i < l; i++) {
4052 			if (arg[i] == '#')	/* comment marker */
4053 				break;
4054 			if (copy) {
4055 				arg[j++] = arg[i];
4056 				copy = !index("," WHITESP, arg[i]);
4057 			} else {
4058 				copy = !index(WHITESP, arg[i]);
4059 				if (copy)
4060 					arg[j++] = arg[i];
4061 			}
4062 		}
4063 		if (!copy && j > 0)	/* last char was a 'blank', remove it */
4064 			j--;
4065 		l = j;			/* the new argument length */
4066 		arg[j++] = '\0';
4067 		if (l == 0)		/* empty string! */
4068 			return 1;
4069 
4070 		/*
4071 		 * First, count number of arguments. Because of the previous
4072 		 * processing, this is just the number of blanks plus 1.
4073 		 */
4074 		for (i = 0, ac = 1; i < l; i++)
4075 			if (index(WHITESP, arg[i]) != NULL)
4076 				ac++;
4077 
4078 		av = calloc(ac, sizeof(char *));
4079 
4080 		/*
4081 		 * Second, copy arguments from cmd[] to av[]. For each one,
4082 		 * j is the initial character, i is the one past the end.
4083 		 */
4084 		for (ac = 0, i = j = 0; i < l; i++)
4085 			if (index(WHITESP, arg[i]) != NULL || i == l-1) {
4086 				if (i == l-1)
4087 					i++;
4088 				av[ac] = calloc(i-j+1, 1);
4089 				bcopy(arg+j, av[ac], i-j);
4090 				ac++;
4091 				j = i + 1;
4092 			}
4093 	} else {
4094 		/*
4095 		 * If an argument ends with ',' join with the next one.
4096 		 */
4097 		int first, i, l;
4098 
4099 		av = calloc(oldac, sizeof(char *));
4100 		for (first = i = ac = 0, l = 0; i < oldac; i++) {
4101 			char *arg = oldav[i];
4102 			int k = strlen(arg);
4103 
4104 			l += k;
4105 			if (arg[k-1] != ',' || i == oldac-1) {
4106 				/* Time to copy. */
4107 				av[ac] = calloc(l+1, 1);
4108 				for (l=0; first <= i; first++) {
4109 					strcat(av[ac]+l, oldav[first]);
4110 					l += strlen(oldav[first]);
4111 				}
4112 				ac++;
4113 				l = 0;
4114 				first = i+1;
4115 			}
4116 		}
4117 	}
4118 
4119 	/* Set the force flag for non-interactive processes */
4120 	if (!do_force)
4121 		do_force = !isatty(STDIN_FILENO);
4122 
4123 	/* Save arguments for final freeing of memory. */
4124 	save_ac = ac;
4125 	save_av = av;
4126 
4127 	optind = optreset = 0;
4128 	while ((ch = getopt(ac, av, "abcdefhnNqs:STtv")) != -1)
4129 		switch (ch) {
4130 		case 'a':
4131 			do_acct = 1;
4132 			break;
4133 
4134 		case 'b':
4135 			comment_only = 1;
4136 			do_compact = 1;
4137 			break;
4138 
4139 		case 'c':
4140 			do_compact = 1;
4141 			break;
4142 
4143 		case 'd':
4144 			do_dynamic = 1;
4145 			break;
4146 
4147 		case 'e':
4148 			do_expired = 1;
4149 			break;
4150 
4151 		case 'f':
4152 			do_force = 1;
4153 			break;
4154 
4155 		case 'h': /* help */
4156 			free_args(save_ac, save_av);
4157 			help();
4158 			break;	/* NOTREACHED */
4159 
4160 		case 'n':
4161 			test_only = 1;
4162 			break;
4163 
4164 		case 'N':
4165 			do_resolv = 1;
4166 			break;
4167 
4168 		case 'q':
4169 			do_quiet = 1;
4170 			break;
4171 
4172 		case 's': /* sort */
4173 			do_sort = atoi(optarg);
4174 			break;
4175 
4176 		case 'S':
4177 			show_sets = 1;
4178 			break;
4179 
4180 		case 't':
4181 			do_time = 1;
4182 			break;
4183 
4184 		case 'T':
4185 			do_time = 2;	/* numeric timestamp */
4186 			break;
4187 
4188 		case 'v': /* verbose */
4189 			verbose = 1;
4190 			break;
4191 
4192 		default:
4193 			free_args(save_ac, save_av);
4194 			return 1;
4195 		}
4196 
4197 	ac -= optind;
4198 	av += optind;
4199 	NEED1("bad arguments, for usage summary ``ipfw''");
4200 
4201 	/*
4202 	 * An undocumented behaviour of ipfw1 was to allow rule numbers first,
4203 	 * e.g. "100 add allow ..." instead of "add 100 allow ...".
4204 	 * In case, swap first and second argument to get the normal form.
4205 	 */
4206 	if (ac > 1 && isdigit(*av[0])) {
4207 		char *p = av[0];
4208 
4209 		av[0] = av[1];
4210 		av[1] = p;
4211 	}
4212 
4213 	/*
4214 	 * optional: pipe or queue
4215 	 */
4216 	do_pipe = 0;
4217 	if (_substrcmp(*av, "pipe") == 0)
4218 		do_pipe = 1;
4219 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "queue") == 0)
4220 		do_pipe = 2;
4221 	if (do_pipe) {
4222 		ac--;
4223 		av++;
4224 	}
4225 	NEED1("missing command");
4226 
4227 	/*
4228 	 * For pipes and queues we normally say 'pipe NN config'
4229 	 * but the code is easier to parse as 'pipe config NN'
4230 	 * so we swap the two arguments.
4231 	 */
4232 	if (do_pipe > 0 && ac > 1 && isdigit(*av[0])) {
4233 		char *p = av[0];
4234 
4235 		av[0] = av[1];
4236 		av[1] = p;
4237 	}
4238 
4239 	if (_substrcmp(*av, "add") == 0)
4240 		add(ac, av);
4241 	else if (do_pipe && _substrcmp(*av, "config") == 0)
4242 		config_pipe(ac, av);
4243 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "delete") == 0)
4244 		delete(ac, av);
4245 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "flush") == 0)
4246 		flush(do_force);
4247 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "zero") == 0)
4248 		zero(ac, av, IP_FW_ZERO);
4249 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "resetlog") == 0)
4250 		zero(ac, av, IP_FW_RESETLOG);
4251 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "print") == 0 ||
4252 	         _substrcmp(*av, "list") == 0)
4253 		list(ac, av, do_acct);
4254 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "set") == 0)
4255 		sets_handler(ac, av);
4256 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "table") == 0)
4257 		table_handler(ac, av);
4258 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "enable") == 0)
4259 		sysctl_handler(ac, av, 1);
4260 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "disable") == 0)
4261 		sysctl_handler(ac, av, 0);
4262 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "show") == 0)
4263 		list(ac, av, 1 /* show counters */);
4264 	else
4265 		errx(EX_USAGE, "bad command `%s'", *av);
4266 
4267 	/* Free memory allocated in the argument parsing. */
4268 	free_args(save_ac, save_av);
4269 	return 0;
4270 }
4271 
4272 
4273 static void
4274 ipfw_readfile(int ac, char *av[])
4275 {
4276 #define MAX_ARGS	32
4277 	char	buf[BUFSIZ];
4278 	char	*cmd = NULL, *filename = av[ac-1];
4279 	int	c, lineno=0;
4280 	FILE	*f = NULL;
4281 	pid_t	preproc = 0;
4282 
4283 	filename = av[ac-1];
4284 
4285 	while ((c = getopt(ac, av, "cfNnp:qS")) != -1) {
4286 		switch(c) {
4287 		case 'c':
4288 			do_compact = 1;
4289 			break;
4290 
4291 		case 'f':
4292 			do_force = 1;
4293 			break;
4294 
4295 		case 'N':
4296 			do_resolv = 1;
4297 			break;
4298 
4299 		case 'n':
4300 			test_only = 1;
4301 			break;
4302 
4303 		case 'p':
4304 			cmd = optarg;
4305 			/*
4306 			 * Skip previous args and delete last one, so we
4307 			 * pass all but the last argument to the preprocessor
4308 			 * via av[optind-1]
4309 			 */
4310 			av += optind - 1;
4311 			ac -= optind - 1;
4312 			av[ac-1] = NULL;
4313 			fprintf(stderr, "command is %s\n", av[0]);
4314 			break;
4315 
4316 		case 'q':
4317 			do_quiet = 1;
4318 			break;
4319 
4320 		case 'S':
4321 			show_sets = 1;
4322 			break;
4323 
4324 		default:
4325 			errx(EX_USAGE, "bad arguments, for usage"
4326 			     " summary ``ipfw''");
4327 		}
4328 
4329 		if (cmd != NULL)
4330 			break;
4331 	}
4332 
4333 	if (cmd == NULL && ac != optind + 1) {
4334 		fprintf(stderr, "ac %d, optind %d\n", ac, optind);
4335 		errx(EX_USAGE, "extraneous filename arguments");
4336 	}
4337 
4338 	if ((f = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL)
4339 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "fopen: %s", filename);
4340 
4341 	if (cmd != NULL) {			/* pipe through preprocessor */
4342 		int pipedes[2];
4343 
4344 		if (pipe(pipedes) == -1)
4345 			err(EX_OSERR, "cannot create pipe");
4346 
4347 		preproc = fork();
4348 		if (preproc == -1)
4349 			err(EX_OSERR, "cannot fork");
4350 
4351 		if (preproc == 0) {
4352 			/*
4353 			 * Child, will run the preprocessor with the
4354 			 * file on stdin and the pipe on stdout.
4355 			 */
4356 			if (dup2(fileno(f), 0) == -1
4357 			    || dup2(pipedes[1], 1) == -1)
4358 				err(EX_OSERR, "dup2()");
4359 			fclose(f);
4360 			close(pipedes[1]);
4361 			close(pipedes[0]);
4362 			execvp(cmd, av);
4363 			err(EX_OSERR, "execvp(%s) failed", cmd);
4364 		} else { /* parent, will reopen f as the pipe */
4365 			fclose(f);
4366 			close(pipedes[1]);
4367 			if ((f = fdopen(pipedes[0], "r")) == NULL) {
4368 				int savederrno = errno;
4369 
4370 				(void)kill(preproc, SIGTERM);
4371 				errno = savederrno;
4372 				err(EX_OSERR, "fdopen()");
4373 			}
4374 		}
4375 	}
4376 
4377 	while (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, f)) {		/* read commands */
4378 		char linename[10];
4379 		char *args[1];
4380 
4381 		lineno++;
4382 		sprintf(linename, "Line %d", lineno);
4383 		setprogname(linename); /* XXX */
4384 		args[0] = buf;
4385 		ipfw_main(1, args);
4386 	}
4387 	fclose(f);
4388 	if (cmd != NULL) {
4389 		int status;
4390 
4391 		if (waitpid(preproc, &status, 0) == -1)
4392 			errx(EX_OSERR, "waitpid()");
4393 		if (WIFEXITED(status) && WEXITSTATUS(status) != EX_OK)
4394 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
4395 			    "preprocessor exited with status %d",
4396 			    WEXITSTATUS(status));
4397 		else if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
4398 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
4399 			    "preprocessor exited with signal %d",
4400 			    WTERMSIG(status));
4401 	}
4402 }
4403 
4404 int
4405 main(int ac, char *av[])
4406 {
4407 	/*
4408 	 * If the last argument is an absolute pathname, interpret it
4409 	 * as a file to be preprocessed.
4410 	 */
4411 
4412 	if (ac > 1 && av[ac - 1][0] == '/' && access(av[ac - 1], R_OK) == 0)
4413 		ipfw_readfile(ac, av);
4414 	else {
4415 		if (ipfw_main(ac-1, av+1))
4416 			show_usage();
4417 	}
4418 	return EX_OK;
4419 }
4420