xref: /freebsd/sbin/ipfw/ipfw2.c (revision b52f49a9a0f22207ad5130ad8faba08de3ed23d8)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2002 Luigi Rizzo
3  * Copyright (c) 1996 Alex Nash, Paul Traina, Poul-Henning Kamp
4  * Copyright (c) 1994 Ugen J.S.Antsilevich
5  *
6  * Idea and grammar partially left from:
7  * Copyright (c) 1993 Daniel Boulet
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source forms, with and without modification,
10  * are permitted provided that this entire comment appears intact.
11  *
12  * Redistribution in binary form may occur without any restrictions.
13  * Obviously, it would be nice if you gave credit where credit is due
14  * but requiring it would be too onerous.
15  *
16  * This software is provided ``AS IS'' without any warranties of any kind.
17  *
18  * NEW command line interface for IP firewall facility
19  *
20  * $FreeBSD$
21  */
22 
23 #include <sys/param.h>
24 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
25 #include <sys/socket.h>
26 #include <sys/sockio.h>
27 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
28 #include <sys/time.h>
29 #include <sys/wait.h>
30 
31 #include <ctype.h>
32 #include <err.h>
33 #include <errno.h>
34 #include <grp.h>
35 #include <limits.h>
36 #include <netdb.h>
37 #include <pwd.h>
38 #include <signal.h>
39 #include <stdio.h>
40 #include <stdlib.h>
41 #include <stdarg.h>
42 #include <string.h>
43 #include <timeconv.h>
44 #include <unistd.h>
45 #include <sysexits.h>
46 
47 #include <net/if.h>
48 #include <netinet/in.h>
49 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
50 #include <netinet/ip.h>
51 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
52 #include <netinet/ip_fw.h>
53 #include <net/route.h> /* def. of struct route */
54 #include <netinet/ip_dummynet.h>
55 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
56 #include <arpa/inet.h>
57 
58 int		s,			/* main RAW socket */
59 		do_resolv,		/* Would try to resolve all */
60 		do_acct,		/* Show packet/byte count */
61 		do_time,		/* Show time stamps */
62 		do_quiet,		/* Be quiet in add and flush */
63 		do_force,		/* Don't ask for confirmation */
64 		do_pipe,		/* this cmd refers to a pipe */
65 		do_sort,		/* field to sort results (0 = no) */
66 		do_dynamic,		/* display dynamic rules */
67 		do_expired,		/* display expired dynamic rules */
68 		do_compact,		/* show rules in compact mode */
69 		show_sets,		/* display rule sets */
70 		verbose;
71 
72 #define	IP_MASK_ALL	0xffffffff
73 
74 /*
75  * structure to hold flag names and associated values to be
76  * set in the appropriate masks.
77  * A NULL string terminates the array.
78  * Often, an element with 0 value contains an error string.
79  *
80  */
81 struct _s_x {
82 	char *s;
83 	int x;
84 };
85 
86 static struct _s_x f_tcpflags[] = {
87 	{ "syn", TH_SYN },
88 	{ "fin", TH_FIN },
89 	{ "ack", TH_ACK },
90 	{ "psh", TH_PUSH },
91 	{ "rst", TH_RST },
92 	{ "urg", TH_URG },
93 	{ "tcp flag", 0 },
94 	{ NULL,	0 }
95 };
96 
97 static struct _s_x f_tcpopts[] = {
98 	{ "mss",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_MSS },
99 	{ "maxseg",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_MSS },
100 	{ "window",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_WINDOW },
101 	{ "sack",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_SACK },
102 	{ "ts",		IP_FW_TCPOPT_TS },
103 	{ "timestamp",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_TS },
104 	{ "cc",		IP_FW_TCPOPT_CC },
105 	{ "tcp option",	0 },
106 	{ NULL,	0 }
107 };
108 
109 /*
110  * IP options span the range 0 to 255 so we need to remap them
111  * (though in fact only the low 5 bits are significant).
112  */
113 static struct _s_x f_ipopts[] = {
114 	{ "ssrr",	IP_FW_IPOPT_SSRR},
115 	{ "lsrr",	IP_FW_IPOPT_LSRR},
116 	{ "rr",		IP_FW_IPOPT_RR},
117 	{ "ts",		IP_FW_IPOPT_TS},
118 	{ "ip option",	0 },
119 	{ NULL,	0 }
120 };
121 
122 static struct _s_x f_iptos[] = {
123 	{ "lowdelay",	IPTOS_LOWDELAY},
124 	{ "throughput",	IPTOS_THROUGHPUT},
125 	{ "reliability", IPTOS_RELIABILITY},
126 	{ "mincost",	IPTOS_MINCOST},
127 	{ "congestion",	IPTOS_CE},
128 	{ "ecntransport", IPTOS_ECT},
129 	{ "ip tos option", 0},
130 	{ NULL,	0 }
131 };
132 
133 static struct _s_x limit_masks[] = {
134 	{"all",		DYN_SRC_ADDR|DYN_SRC_PORT|DYN_DST_ADDR|DYN_DST_PORT},
135 	{"src-addr",	DYN_SRC_ADDR},
136 	{"src-port",	DYN_SRC_PORT},
137 	{"dst-addr",	DYN_DST_ADDR},
138 	{"dst-port",	DYN_DST_PORT},
139 	{NULL,		0}
140 };
141 
142 /*
143  * we use IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE as a fake protocol id to call the print routines
144  * This is only used in this code.
145  */
146 #define IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE	0x1000
147 static struct _s_x ether_types[] = {
148     /*
149      * Note, we cannot use "-:&/" in the names because they are field
150      * separators in the type specifications. Also, we use s = NULL as
151      * end-delimiter, because a type of 0 can be legal.
152      */
153 	{ "ip",		0x0800 },
154 	{ "ipv4",	0x0800 },
155 	{ "ipv6",	0x86dd },
156 	{ "arp",	0x0806 },
157 	{ "rarp",	0x8035 },
158 	{ "vlan",	0x8100 },
159 	{ "loop",	0x9000 },
160 	{ "trail",	0x1000 },
161 	{ "at",		0x809b },
162 	{ "atalk",	0x809b },
163 	{ "aarp",	0x80f3 },
164 	{ "pppoe_disc",	0x8863 },
165 	{ "pppoe_sess",	0x8864 },
166 	{ "ipx_8022",	0x00E0 },
167 	{ "ipx_8023",	0x0000 },
168 	{ "ipx_ii",	0x8137 },
169 	{ "ipx_snap",	0x8137 },
170 	{ "ipx",	0x8137 },
171 	{ "ns",		0x0600 },
172 	{ NULL,		0 }
173 };
174 
175 static void show_usage(void);
176 
177 enum tokens {
178 	TOK_NULL=0,
179 
180 	TOK_OR,
181 	TOK_NOT,
182 	TOK_STARTBRACE,
183 	TOK_ENDBRACE,
184 
185 	TOK_ACCEPT,
186 	TOK_COUNT,
187 	TOK_PIPE,
188 	TOK_QUEUE,
189 	TOK_DIVERT,
190 	TOK_TEE,
191 	TOK_FORWARD,
192 	TOK_SKIPTO,
193 	TOK_DENY,
194 	TOK_REJECT,
195 	TOK_RESET,
196 	TOK_UNREACH,
197 	TOK_CHECKSTATE,
198 
199 	TOK_UID,
200 	TOK_GID,
201 	TOK_IN,
202 	TOK_LIMIT,
203 	TOK_KEEPSTATE,
204 	TOK_LAYER2,
205 	TOK_OUT,
206 	TOK_XMIT,
207 	TOK_RECV,
208 	TOK_VIA,
209 	TOK_FRAG,
210 	TOK_IPOPTS,
211 	TOK_IPLEN,
212 	TOK_IPID,
213 	TOK_IPPRECEDENCE,
214 	TOK_IPTOS,
215 	TOK_IPTTL,
216 	TOK_IPVER,
217 	TOK_ESTAB,
218 	TOK_SETUP,
219 	TOK_TCPFLAGS,
220 	TOK_TCPOPTS,
221 	TOK_TCPSEQ,
222 	TOK_TCPACK,
223 	TOK_TCPWIN,
224 	TOK_ICMPTYPES,
225 	TOK_MAC,
226 	TOK_MACTYPE,
227 	TOK_VERREVPATH,
228 
229 	TOK_PLR,
230 	TOK_NOERROR,
231 	TOK_BUCKETS,
232 	TOK_DSTIP,
233 	TOK_SRCIP,
234 	TOK_DSTPORT,
235 	TOK_SRCPORT,
236 	TOK_ALL,
237 	TOK_MASK,
238 	TOK_BW,
239 	TOK_DELAY,
240 	TOK_RED,
241 	TOK_GRED,
242 	TOK_DROPTAIL,
243 	TOK_PROTO,
244 	TOK_WEIGHT,
245 };
246 
247 struct _s_x dummynet_params[] = {
248 	{ "plr",		TOK_PLR },
249 	{ "noerror",		TOK_NOERROR },
250 	{ "buckets",		TOK_BUCKETS },
251 	{ "dst-ip",		TOK_DSTIP },
252 	{ "src-ip",		TOK_SRCIP },
253 	{ "dst-port",		TOK_DSTPORT },
254 	{ "src-port",		TOK_SRCPORT },
255 	{ "proto",		TOK_PROTO },
256 	{ "weight",		TOK_WEIGHT },
257 	{ "all",		TOK_ALL },
258 	{ "mask",		TOK_MASK },
259 	{ "droptail",		TOK_DROPTAIL },
260 	{ "red",		TOK_RED },
261 	{ "gred",		TOK_GRED },
262 	{ "bw",			TOK_BW },
263 	{ "bandwidth",		TOK_BW },
264 	{ "delay",		TOK_DELAY },
265 	{ "pipe",		TOK_PIPE },
266 	{ "queue",		TOK_QUEUE },
267 	{ "dummynet-params",	TOK_NULL },
268 	{ NULL, 0 }
269 };
270 
271 struct _s_x rule_actions[] = {
272 	{ "accept",		TOK_ACCEPT },
273 	{ "pass",		TOK_ACCEPT },
274 	{ "allow",		TOK_ACCEPT },
275 	{ "permit",		TOK_ACCEPT },
276 	{ "count",		TOK_COUNT },
277 	{ "pipe",		TOK_PIPE },
278 	{ "queue",		TOK_QUEUE },
279 	{ "divert",		TOK_DIVERT },
280 	{ "tee",		TOK_TEE },
281 	{ "fwd",		TOK_FORWARD },
282 	{ "forward",		TOK_FORWARD },
283 	{ "skipto",		TOK_SKIPTO },
284 	{ "deny",		TOK_DENY },
285 	{ "drop",		TOK_DENY },
286 	{ "reject",		TOK_REJECT },
287 	{ "reset",		TOK_RESET },
288 	{ "unreach",		TOK_UNREACH },
289 	{ "check-state",	TOK_CHECKSTATE },
290 	{ NULL,			TOK_NULL },
291 	{ NULL, 0 }
292 };
293 
294 struct _s_x rule_options[] = {
295 	{ "uid",		TOK_UID },
296 	{ "gid",		TOK_GID },
297 	{ "in",			TOK_IN },
298 	{ "limit",		TOK_LIMIT },
299 	{ "keep-state",		TOK_KEEPSTATE },
300 	{ "bridged",		TOK_LAYER2 },
301 	{ "layer2",		TOK_LAYER2 },
302 	{ "out",		TOK_OUT },
303 	{ "xmit",		TOK_XMIT },
304 	{ "recv",		TOK_RECV },
305 	{ "via",		TOK_VIA },
306 	{ "fragment",		TOK_FRAG },
307 	{ "frag",		TOK_FRAG },
308 	{ "ipoptions",		TOK_IPOPTS },
309 	{ "ipopts",		TOK_IPOPTS },
310 	{ "iplen",		TOK_IPLEN },
311 	{ "ipid",		TOK_IPID },
312 	{ "ipprecedence",	TOK_IPPRECEDENCE },
313 	{ "iptos",		TOK_IPTOS },
314 	{ "ipttl",		TOK_IPTTL },
315 	{ "ipversion",		TOK_IPVER },
316 	{ "ipver",		TOK_IPVER },
317 	{ "estab",		TOK_ESTAB },
318 	{ "established",	TOK_ESTAB },
319 	{ "setup",		TOK_SETUP },
320 	{ "tcpflags",		TOK_TCPFLAGS },
321 	{ "tcpflgs",		TOK_TCPFLAGS },
322 	{ "tcpoptions",		TOK_TCPOPTS },
323 	{ "tcpopts",		TOK_TCPOPTS },
324 	{ "tcpseq",		TOK_TCPSEQ },
325 	{ "tcpack",		TOK_TCPACK },
326 	{ "tcpwin",		TOK_TCPWIN },
327 	{ "icmptype",		TOK_ICMPTYPES },
328 	{ "icmptypes",		TOK_ICMPTYPES },
329 	{ "dst-ip",		TOK_DSTIP },
330 	{ "src-ip",		TOK_SRCIP },
331 	{ "dst-port",		TOK_DSTPORT },
332 	{ "src-port",		TOK_SRCPORT },
333 	{ "proto",		TOK_PROTO },
334 	{ "MAC",		TOK_MAC },
335 	{ "mac",		TOK_MAC },
336 	{ "mac-type",		TOK_MACTYPE },
337 	{ "verrevpath",		TOK_VERREVPATH },
338 
339 	{ "not",		TOK_NOT },		/* pseudo option */
340 	{ "!", /* escape ? */	TOK_NOT },		/* pseudo option */
341 	{ "or",			TOK_OR },		/* pseudo option */
342 	{ "|", /* escape */	TOK_OR },		/* pseudo option */
343 	{ "{",			TOK_STARTBRACE },	/* pseudo option */
344 	{ "(",			TOK_STARTBRACE },	/* pseudo option */
345 	{ "}",			TOK_ENDBRACE },		/* pseudo option */
346 	{ ")",			TOK_ENDBRACE },		/* pseudo option */
347 	{ NULL,			TOK_NULL },
348 	{ NULL, 0 }
349 };
350 
351 static __inline u_int64_t
352 align_uint64(u_int64_t *pll) {
353 	u_int64_t ret;
354 
355 	bcopy (pll, &ret, sizeof(ret));
356 	return ret;
357 };
358 
359 /**
360  * match_token takes a table and a string, returns the value associated
361  * with the string (0 meaning an error in most cases)
362  */
363 static int
364 match_token(struct _s_x *table, char *string)
365 {
366 	struct _s_x *pt;
367 	int i = strlen(string);
368 
369 	for (pt = table ; i && pt->s != NULL ; pt++)
370 		if (strlen(pt->s) == i && !bcmp(string, pt->s, i))
371 			return pt->x;
372 	return -1;
373 };
374 
375 static char *
376 match_value(struct _s_x *p, u_int32_t value)
377 {
378 	for (; p->s != NULL; p++)
379 		if (p->x == value)
380 			return p->s;
381 	return NULL;
382 }
383 
384 /*
385  * prints one port, symbolic or numeric
386  */
387 static void
388 print_port(int proto, u_int16_t port)
389 {
390 
391 	if (proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE) {
392 		char *s;
393 
394 		if (do_resolv && (s = match_value(ether_types, port)) )
395 			printf("%s", s);
396 		else
397 			printf("0x%04x", port);
398 	} else {
399 		struct servent *se = NULL;
400 		if (do_resolv) {
401 			struct protoent *pe = getprotobynumber(proto);
402 
403 			se = getservbyport(htons(port), pe ? pe->p_name : NULL);
404 		}
405 		if (se)
406 			printf("%s", se->s_name);
407 		else
408 			printf("%d", port);
409 	}
410 }
411 
412 /*
413  * print the values in a list of ports
414  * XXX todo: add support for mask.
415  */
416 static void
417 print_newports(ipfw_insn_u16 *cmd, int proto, int opcode)
418 {
419 	u_int16_t *p = cmd->ports;
420 	int i;
421 	char *sep;
422 
423 	if (cmd->o.len & F_NOT)
424 		printf(" not");
425 	if (opcode != 0) {
426 		switch (opcode) {
427 		case O_IP_DSTPORT:
428 			sep = "dst-port";
429 			break;
430 		case O_IP_SRCPORT:
431 			sep = "src-port";
432 			break;
433 		case O_IPID:
434 			sep = "ipid";
435 			break;
436 		case O_IPLEN:
437 			sep = "iplen";
438 			break;
439 		case O_IPTTL:
440 			sep = "ipttl";
441 			break;
442 		case O_MAC_TYPE:
443 			sep = "mac-type";
444 			break;
445 		default:
446 			sep = "???";
447 			break;
448 		}
449 		printf (" %s", sep);
450 	}
451 	sep = " ";
452 	for (i = F_LEN((ipfw_insn *)cmd) - 1; i > 0; i--, p += 2) {
453 		printf(sep);
454 		print_port(proto, p[0]);
455 		if (p[0] != p[1]) {
456 			printf("-");
457 			print_port(proto, p[1]);
458 		}
459 		sep = ",";
460 	}
461 }
462 
463 /*
464  * Like strtol, but also translates service names into port numbers
465  * for some protocols.
466  * In particular:
467  *	proto == -1 disables the protocol check;
468  *	proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE looks up an internal table
469  *	proto == <some value in /etc/protocols> matches the values there.
470  * Returns *end == s in case the parameter is not found.
471  */
472 static int
473 strtoport(char *s, char **end, int base, int proto)
474 {
475 	char *p, *buf;
476 	char *s1;
477 	int i;
478 
479 	*end = s;		/* default - not found */
480 	if ( *s == '\0')
481 		return 0;	/* not found */
482 
483 	if (isdigit(*s))
484 		return strtol(s, end, base);
485 
486 	/*
487 	 * find separator. '\\' escapes the next char.
488 	 */
489 	for (s1 = s; *s1 && (isalnum(*s1) || *s1 == '\\') ; s1++)
490 		if (*s1 == '\\' && s1[1] != '\0')
491 			s1++;
492 
493 	buf = malloc(s1 - s + 1);
494 	if (buf == NULL)
495 		return 0;
496 
497 	/*
498 	 * copy into a buffer skipping backslashes
499 	 */
500 	for (p = s, i = 0; p != s1 ; p++)
501 		if ( *p != '\\')
502 			buf[i++] = *p;
503 	buf[i++] = '\0';
504 
505 	if (proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE) {
506 		i = match_token(ether_types, buf);
507 		free(buf);
508 		if (i != -1) {	/* found */
509 			*end = s1;
510 			return i;
511 		}
512 	} else {
513 		struct protoent *pe = NULL;
514 		struct servent *se;
515 
516 		if (proto != 0)
517 			pe = getprotobynumber(proto);
518 		setservent(1);
519 		se = getservbyname(buf, pe ? pe->p_name : NULL);
520 		free(buf);
521 		if (se != NULL) {
522 			*end = s1;
523 			return ntohs(se->s_port);
524 		}
525 	}
526 	return 0;	/* not found */
527 }
528 
529 /*
530  * fill the body of the command with the list of port ranges.
531  * At the moment it only understands numeric ranges.
532  */
533 static int
534 fill_newports(ipfw_insn_u16 *cmd, char *av, int proto)
535 {
536 	u_int16_t *p = cmd->ports;
537 	int i = 0;
538 	char *s = av;
539 
540 	while (*s) {
541 		u_int16_t a, b;
542 
543 		a = strtoport(av, &s, 0, proto);
544 		if (s == av) /* no parameter */
545 			break;
546 		if (*s == '-') { /* a range */
547 			av = s+1;
548 			b = strtoport(av, &s, 0, proto);
549 			if (s == av) /* no parameter */
550 				break;
551 			p[0] = a;
552 			p[1] = b;
553 		} else if (*s == ',' || *s == '\0' ) {
554 			p[0] = p[1] = a;
555 		} else {	/* invalid separator */
556 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid separator <%c> in <%s>\n",
557 				*s, av);
558 		}
559 		i++;
560 		p += 2;
561 		av = s+1;
562 	}
563 	if (i > 0) {
564 		if (i+1 > F_LEN_MASK)
565 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "too many ports/ranges\n");
566 		cmd->o.len |= i+1; /* leave F_NOT and F_OR untouched */
567 	}
568 	return i;
569 }
570 
571 static struct _s_x icmpcodes[] = {
572       { "net",			ICMP_UNREACH_NET },
573       { "host",			ICMP_UNREACH_HOST },
574       { "protocol",		ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL },
575       { "port",			ICMP_UNREACH_PORT },
576       { "needfrag",		ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG },
577       { "srcfail",		ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL },
578       { "net-unknown",		ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN },
579       { "host-unknown",		ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN },
580       { "isolated",		ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED },
581       { "net-prohib",		ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB },
582       { "host-prohib",		ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB },
583       { "tosnet",		ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET },
584       { "toshost",		ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST },
585       { "filter-prohib",	ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB },
586       { "host-precedence",	ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PRECEDENCE },
587       { "precedence-cutoff",	ICMP_UNREACH_PRECEDENCE_CUTOFF },
588       { NULL, 0 }
589 };
590 
591 static void
592 fill_reject_code(u_short *codep, char *str)
593 {
594 	int val;
595 	char *s;
596 
597 	val = strtoul(str, &s, 0);
598 	if (s == str || *s != '\0' || val >= 0x100)
599 		val = match_token(icmpcodes, str);
600 	if (val < 0)
601 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "unknown ICMP unreachable code ``%s''", str);
602 	*codep = val;
603 	return;
604 }
605 
606 static void
607 print_reject_code(u_int16_t code)
608 {
609 	char *s = match_value(icmpcodes, code);
610 
611 	if (s != NULL)
612 		printf("unreach %s", s);
613 	else
614 		printf("unreach %u", code);
615 }
616 
617 /*
618  * Returns the number of bits set (from left) in a contiguous bitmask,
619  * or -1 if the mask is not contiguous.
620  * XXX this needs a proper fix.
621  * This effectively works on masks in big-endian (network) format.
622  * when compiled on little endian architectures.
623  *
624  * First bit is bit 7 of the first byte -- note, for MAC addresses,
625  * the first bit on the wire is bit 0 of the first byte.
626  * len is the max length in bits.
627  */
628 static int
629 contigmask(u_char *p, int len)
630 {
631 	int i, n;
632 	for (i=0; i<len ; i++)
633 		if ( (p[i/8] & (1 << (7 - (i%8)))) == 0) /* first bit unset */
634 			break;
635 	for (n=i+1; n < len; n++)
636 		if ( (p[n/8] & (1 << (7 - (n%8)))) != 0)
637 			return -1; /* mask not contiguous */
638 	return i;
639 }
640 
641 /*
642  * print flags set/clear in the two bitmasks passed as parameters.
643  * There is a specialized check for f_tcpflags.
644  */
645 static void
646 print_flags(char *name, ipfw_insn *cmd, struct _s_x *list)
647 {
648 	char *comma="";
649 	int i;
650 	u_char set = cmd->arg1 & 0xff;
651 	u_char clear = (cmd->arg1 >> 8) & 0xff;
652 
653 	if (list == f_tcpflags && set == TH_SYN && clear == TH_ACK) {
654 		printf(" setup");
655 		return;
656 	}
657 
658 	printf(" %s ", name);
659 	for (i=0; list[i].x != 0; i++) {
660 		if (set & list[i].x) {
661 			set &= ~list[i].x;
662 			printf("%s%s", comma, list[i].s);
663 			comma = ",";
664 		}
665 		if (clear & list[i].x) {
666 			clear &= ~list[i].x;
667 			printf("%s!%s", comma, list[i].s);
668 			comma = ",";
669 		}
670 	}
671 }
672 
673 /*
674  * Print the ip address contained in a command.
675  */
676 static void
677 print_ip(ipfw_insn_ip *cmd, char *s)
678 {
679 	struct hostent *he = NULL;
680 	int mb;
681 
682 	printf("%s%s ", cmd->o.len & F_NOT ? " not": "", s);
683 
684 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC_ME || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST_ME) {
685 		printf("me");
686 		return;
687 	}
688 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC_SET || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST_SET) {
689 		u_int32_t x, *d;
690 		int i, j;
691 		char comma = '{';
692 
693 		x = cmd->o.arg1 - 1;
694 		x = htonl( ~x );
695 		cmd->addr.s_addr = htonl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
696 		printf("%s/%d", inet_ntoa(cmd->addr),
697 			contigmask((u_char *)&x, 32));
698 		x = cmd->addr.s_addr = htonl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
699 		x &= 0xff; /* base */
700 		d = (u_int32_t *)&(cmd->mask);
701 		/*
702 		 * Print bits and ranges.
703 		 * Locate first bit set (i), then locate first bit unset (j).
704 		 * If we have 3+ consecutive bits set, then print them as a
705 		 * range, otherwise only print the initial bit and rescan.
706 		 */
707 		for (i=0; i < cmd->o.arg1; i++)
708 			if (d[i/32] & (1<<(i & 31))) {
709 				for (j=i+1; j < cmd->o.arg1; j++)
710 					if (!(d[ j/32] & (1<<(j & 31))))
711 						break;
712 				printf("%c%d", comma, i+x);
713 				if (j>i+2) { /* range has at least 3 elements */
714 					printf("-%d", j-1+x);
715 					i = j-1;
716 				}
717 				comma = ',';
718 			}
719 		printf("}");
720 		return;
721 	}
722 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST)
723 		mb = 32;
724 	else
725 		mb = contigmask((u_char *)&(cmd->mask.s_addr), 32);
726 	if (mb == 32 && do_resolv)
727 		he = gethostbyaddr((char *)&(cmd->addr.s_addr),
728 		    sizeof(u_long), AF_INET);
729 	if (he != NULL)		/* resolved to name */
730 		printf("%s", he->h_name);
731 	else if (mb == 0)	/* any */
732 		printf("any");
733 	else {		/* numeric IP followed by some kind of mask */
734 		printf("%s", inet_ntoa(cmd->addr));
735 		if (mb < 0)
736 			printf(":%s", inet_ntoa(cmd->mask));
737 		else if (mb < 32)
738 			printf("/%d", mb);
739 	}
740 }
741 
742 /*
743  * prints a MAC address/mask pair
744  */
745 static void
746 print_mac(u_char *addr, u_char *mask)
747 {
748 	int l = contigmask(mask, 48);
749 
750 	if (l == 0)
751 		printf(" any");
752 	else {
753 		printf(" %02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
754 		    addr[0], addr[1], addr[2], addr[3], addr[4], addr[5]);
755 		if (l == -1)
756 			printf("&%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
757 			    mask[0], mask[1], mask[2],
758 			    mask[3], mask[4], mask[5]);
759 		else if (l < 48)
760 			printf("/%d", l);
761 	}
762 }
763 
764 static void
765 fill_icmptypes(ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd, char *av)
766 {
767 	u_int8_t type;
768 
769 	cmd->d[0] = 0;
770 	while (*av) {
771 		if (*av == ',')
772 			av++;
773 
774 		type = strtoul(av, &av, 0);
775 
776 		if (*av != ',' && *av != '\0')
777 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid ICMP type");
778 
779 		if (type > 31)
780 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "ICMP type out of range");
781 
782 		cmd->d[0] |= 1 << type;
783 	}
784 	cmd->o.opcode = O_ICMPTYPE;
785 	cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
786 }
787 
788 static void
789 print_icmptypes(ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd)
790 {
791 	int i;
792 	char sep= ' ';
793 
794 	printf(" icmptypes");
795 	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
796 		if ( (cmd->d[0] & (1 << (i))) == 0)
797 			continue;
798 		printf("%c%d", sep, i);
799 		sep = ',';
800 	}
801 }
802 
803 /*
804  * show_ipfw() prints the body of an ipfw rule.
805  * Because the standard rule has at least proto src_ip dst_ip, we use
806  * a helper function to produce these entries if not provided explicitly.
807  * The first argument is the list of fields we have, the second is
808  * the list of fields we want to be printed.
809  *
810  * Special cases if we have provided a MAC header:
811  *   + if the rule does not contain IP addresses/ports, do not print them;
812  *   + if the rule does not contain an IP proto, print "all" instead of "ip";
813  *
814  * Once we have 'have_options', IP header fields are printed as options.
815  */
816 #define	HAVE_PROTO	0x0001
817 #define	HAVE_SRCIP	0x0002
818 #define	HAVE_DSTIP	0x0004
819 #define	HAVE_MAC	0x0008
820 #define	HAVE_MACTYPE	0x0010
821 #define	HAVE_OPTIONS	0x8000
822 
823 #define	HAVE_IP		(HAVE_PROTO | HAVE_SRCIP | HAVE_DSTIP)
824 static void
825 show_prerequisites(int *flags, int want, int cmd)
826 {
827 	if ( (*flags & HAVE_IP) == HAVE_IP)
828 		*flags |= HAVE_OPTIONS;
829 
830 	if ( (*flags & (HAVE_MAC|HAVE_MACTYPE|HAVE_OPTIONS)) == HAVE_MAC &&
831 	     cmd != O_MAC_TYPE) {
832 		/*
833 		 * mac-type was optimized out by the compiler,
834 		 * restore it
835 		 */
836 		printf(" any");
837 		*flags |= HAVE_MACTYPE | HAVE_OPTIONS;
838 		return;
839 	}
840 	if ( !(*flags & HAVE_OPTIONS)) {
841 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_PROTO) && (want & HAVE_PROTO))
842 			printf(" ip");
843 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_SRCIP) && (want & HAVE_SRCIP))
844 			printf(" from any");
845 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_DSTIP) && (want & HAVE_DSTIP))
846 			printf(" to any");
847 	}
848 	*flags |= want;
849 }
850 
851 static void
852 show_ipfw(struct ip_fw *rule, int pcwidth, int bcwidth)
853 {
854 	static int twidth = 0;
855 	int l;
856 	ipfw_insn *cmd;
857 	int proto = 0;		/* default */
858 	int flags = 0;	/* prerequisites */
859 	ipfw_insn_log *logptr = NULL; /* set if we find an O_LOG */
860 	int or_block = 0;	/* we are in an or block */
861 	u_int32_t set_disable;
862 
863 	bcopy(&rule->next_rule, &set_disable, sizeof(set_disable));
864 
865 	if (set_disable & (1 << rule->set)) { /* disabled */
866 		if (!show_sets)
867 			return;
868 		else
869 			printf("# DISABLED ");
870 	}
871 	printf("%05u ", rule->rulenum);
872 
873 	if (do_acct)
874 		printf("%*llu %*llu ", pcwidth, align_uint64(&rule->pcnt),
875 		    bcwidth, align_uint64(&rule->bcnt));
876 
877 	if (do_time) {
878 		char timestr[30];
879 		time_t t = (time_t)0;
880 
881 		if (twidth == 0) {
882 			strcpy(timestr, ctime(&t));
883 			*strchr(timestr, '\n') = '\0';
884 			twidth = strlen(timestr);
885 		}
886 		if (rule->timestamp) {
887 			t = _long_to_time(rule->timestamp);
888 
889 			strcpy(timestr, ctime(&t));
890 			*strchr(timestr, '\n') = '\0';
891 			printf("%s ", timestr);
892 		} else {
893 			printf("%*s", twidth, " ");
894 		}
895 	}
896 
897 	if (show_sets)
898 		printf("set %d ", rule->set);
899 
900 	/*
901 	 * print the optional "match probability"
902 	 */
903 	if (rule->cmd_len > 0) {
904 		cmd = rule->cmd ;
905 		if (cmd->opcode == O_PROB) {
906 			ipfw_insn_u32 *p = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
907 			double d = 1.0 * p->d[0];
908 
909 			d = (d / 0x7fffffff);
910 			printf("prob %f ", d);
911 		}
912 	}
913 
914 	/*
915 	 * first print actions
916 	 */
917         for (l = rule->cmd_len - rule->act_ofs, cmd = ACTION_PTR(rule);
918 			l > 0 ; l -= F_LEN(cmd), cmd += F_LEN(cmd)) {
919 		switch(cmd->opcode) {
920 		case O_CHECK_STATE:
921 			printf("check-state");
922 			flags = HAVE_IP; /* avoid printing anything else */
923 			break;
924 
925 		case O_ACCEPT:
926 			printf("allow");
927 			break;
928 
929 		case O_COUNT:
930 			printf("count");
931 			break;
932 
933 		case O_DENY:
934 			printf("deny");
935 			break;
936 
937 		case O_REJECT:
938 			if (cmd->arg1 == ICMP_REJECT_RST)
939 				printf("reset");
940 			else if (cmd->arg1 == ICMP_UNREACH_HOST)
941 				printf("reject");
942 			else
943 				print_reject_code(cmd->arg1);
944 			break;
945 
946 		case O_SKIPTO:
947 			printf("skipto %u", cmd->arg1);
948 			break;
949 
950 		case O_PIPE:
951 			printf("pipe %u", cmd->arg1);
952 			break;
953 
954 		case O_QUEUE:
955 			printf("queue %u", cmd->arg1);
956 			break;
957 
958 		case O_DIVERT:
959 			printf("divert %u", cmd->arg1);
960 			break;
961 
962 		case O_TEE:
963 			printf("tee %u", cmd->arg1);
964 			break;
965 
966 		case O_FORWARD_IP:
967 		    {
968 			ipfw_insn_sa *s = (ipfw_insn_sa *)cmd;
969 
970 			printf("fwd %s", inet_ntoa(s->sa.sin_addr));
971 			if (s->sa.sin_port)
972 				printf(",%d", s->sa.sin_port);
973 		    }
974 			break;
975 
976 		case O_LOG: /* O_LOG is printed last */
977 			logptr = (ipfw_insn_log *)cmd;
978 			break;
979 
980 		default:
981 			printf("** unrecognized action %d len %d",
982 				cmd->opcode, cmd->len);
983 		}
984 	}
985 	if (logptr) {
986 		if (logptr->max_log > 0)
987 			printf(" log logamount %d", logptr->max_log);
988 		else
989 			printf(" log");
990 	}
991 
992 	/*
993 	 * then print the body.
994 	 */
995 	if (rule->_pad & 1) {	/* empty rules before options */
996 		if (!do_compact)
997 			printf(" ip from any to any");
998 		flags |= HAVE_IP | HAVE_OPTIONS;
999 	}
1000 
1001         for (l = rule->act_ofs, cmd = rule->cmd ;
1002 			l > 0 ; l -= F_LEN(cmd) , cmd += F_LEN(cmd)) {
1003 		/* useful alias */
1004 		ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd32 = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
1005 
1006 		show_prerequisites(&flags, 0, cmd->opcode);
1007 
1008 		switch(cmd->opcode) {
1009 		case O_PROB:
1010 			break;	/* done already */
1011 
1012 		case O_PROBE_STATE:
1013 			break; /* no need to print anything here */
1014 
1015 		case O_MACADDR2: {
1016 			ipfw_insn_mac *m = (ipfw_insn_mac *)cmd;
1017 
1018 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1019 				printf(" {");
1020 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
1021 				printf(" not");
1022 			printf(" MAC");
1023 			flags |= HAVE_MAC;
1024 			print_mac( m->addr, m->mask);
1025 			print_mac( m->addr + 6, m->mask + 6);
1026 			}
1027 			break;
1028 
1029 		case O_MAC_TYPE:
1030 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1031 				printf(" {");
1032 			print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE,
1033 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? cmd->opcode : 0);
1034 			flags |= HAVE_MAC | HAVE_MACTYPE | HAVE_OPTIONS;
1035 			break;
1036 
1037 		case O_IP_SRC:
1038 		case O_IP_SRC_MASK:
1039 		case O_IP_SRC_ME:
1040 		case O_IP_SRC_SET:
1041 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO, 0);
1042 			if (!(flags & HAVE_SRCIP))
1043 				printf(" from");
1044 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1045 				printf(" {");
1046 			print_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd,
1047 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? " src-ip" : "");
1048 			flags |= HAVE_SRCIP;
1049 			break;
1050 
1051 		case O_IP_DST:
1052 		case O_IP_DST_MASK:
1053 		case O_IP_DST_ME:
1054 		case O_IP_DST_SET:
1055 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO|HAVE_SRCIP, 0);
1056 			if (!(flags & HAVE_DSTIP))
1057 				printf(" to");
1058 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1059 				printf(" {");
1060 			print_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd,
1061 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? " dst-ip" : "");
1062 			flags |= HAVE_DSTIP;
1063 			break;
1064 
1065 		case O_IP_DSTPORT:
1066 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP, 0);
1067 		case O_IP_SRCPORT:
1068 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO|HAVE_SRCIP, 0);
1069 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1070 				printf(" {");
1071 			print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, proto,
1072 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? cmd->opcode : 0);
1073 			break;
1074 
1075 		case O_PROTO: {
1076 			struct protoent *pe;
1077 
1078 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1079 				printf(" {");
1080 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
1081 				printf(" not");
1082 			proto = cmd->arg1;
1083 			pe = getprotobynumber(cmd->arg1);
1084 			if (flags & HAVE_OPTIONS)
1085 				printf(" proto");
1086 			if (pe)
1087 				printf(" %s", pe->p_name);
1088 			else
1089 				printf(" %u", cmd->arg1);
1090 			}
1091 			flags |= HAVE_PROTO;
1092 			break;
1093 
1094 		default: /*options ... */
1095 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP | HAVE_OPTIONS, 0);
1096 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1097 				printf(" {");
1098 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT && cmd->opcode != O_IN)
1099 				printf(" not");
1100 			switch(cmd->opcode) {
1101 			case O_FRAG:
1102 				printf(" frag");
1103 				break;
1104 
1105 			case O_IN:
1106 				printf(cmd->len & F_NOT ? " out" : " in");
1107 				break;
1108 
1109 			case O_LAYER2:
1110 				printf(" layer2");
1111 				break;
1112 			case O_XMIT:
1113 			case O_RECV:
1114 			case O_VIA: {
1115 				char *s;
1116 				ipfw_insn_if *cmdif = (ipfw_insn_if *)cmd;
1117 
1118 				if (cmd->opcode == O_XMIT)
1119 					s = "xmit";
1120 				else if (cmd->opcode == O_RECV)
1121 					s = "recv";
1122 				else if (cmd->opcode == O_VIA)
1123 					s = "via";
1124 				if (cmdif->name[0] == '\0')
1125 					printf(" %s %s", s,
1126 					    inet_ntoa(cmdif->p.ip));
1127 				else if (cmdif->p.unit == -1)
1128 					printf(" %s %s*", s, cmdif->name);
1129 				else
1130 					printf(" %s %s%d", s, cmdif->name,
1131 					    cmdif->p.unit);
1132 				}
1133 				break;
1134 
1135 			case O_IPID:
1136 				if (F_LEN(cmd) == 1)
1137 				    printf(" ipid %u", cmd->arg1 );
1138 				else
1139 				    print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, 0,
1140 					O_IPID);
1141 				break;
1142 
1143 			case O_IPTTL:
1144 				if (F_LEN(cmd) == 1)
1145 				    printf(" ipttl %u", cmd->arg1 );
1146 				else
1147 				    print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, 0,
1148 					O_IPTTL);
1149 				break;
1150 
1151 			case O_IPVER:
1152 				printf(" ipver %u", cmd->arg1 );
1153 				break;
1154 
1155 			case O_IPPRECEDENCE:
1156 				printf(" ipprecedence %u", (cmd->arg1) >> 5 );
1157 				break;
1158 
1159 			case O_IPLEN:
1160 				if (F_LEN(cmd) == 1)
1161 				    printf(" iplen %u", cmd->arg1 );
1162 				else
1163 				    print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, 0,
1164 					O_IPLEN);
1165 				break;
1166 
1167 			case O_IPOPT:
1168 				print_flags("ipoptions", cmd, f_ipopts);
1169 				break;
1170 
1171 			case O_IPTOS:
1172 				print_flags("iptos", cmd, f_iptos);
1173 				break;
1174 
1175 			case O_ICMPTYPE:
1176 				print_icmptypes((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd);
1177 				break;
1178 
1179 			case O_ESTAB:
1180 				printf(" established");
1181 				break;
1182 
1183 			case O_TCPFLAGS:
1184 				print_flags("tcpflags", cmd, f_tcpflags);
1185 				break;
1186 
1187 			case O_TCPOPTS:
1188 				print_flags("tcpoptions", cmd, f_tcpopts);
1189 				break;
1190 
1191 			case O_TCPWIN:
1192 				printf(" tcpwin %d", ntohs(cmd->arg1));
1193 				break;
1194 
1195 			case O_TCPACK:
1196 				printf(" tcpack %d", ntohl(cmd32->d[0]));
1197 				break;
1198 
1199 			case O_TCPSEQ:
1200 				printf(" tcpseq %d", ntohl(cmd32->d[0]));
1201 				break;
1202 
1203 			case O_UID:
1204 			    {
1205 				struct passwd *pwd = getpwuid(cmd32->d[0]);
1206 
1207 				if (pwd)
1208 					printf(" uid %s", pwd->pw_name);
1209 				else
1210 					printf(" uid %u", cmd32->d[0]);
1211 			    }
1212 				break;
1213 
1214 			case O_GID:
1215 			    {
1216 				struct group *grp = getgrgid(cmd32->d[0]);
1217 
1218 				if (grp)
1219 					printf(" gid %s", grp->gr_name);
1220 				else
1221 					printf(" gid %u", cmd32->d[0]);
1222 			    }
1223 				break;
1224 
1225 			case O_VERREVPATH:
1226 				printf(" verrevpath");
1227 				break;
1228 
1229 			case O_KEEP_STATE:
1230 				printf(" keep-state");
1231 				break;
1232 
1233 			case O_LIMIT:
1234 			    {
1235 				struct _s_x *p = limit_masks;
1236 				ipfw_insn_limit *c = (ipfw_insn_limit *)cmd;
1237 				u_int8_t x = c->limit_mask;
1238 				char *comma = " ";
1239 
1240 				printf(" limit");
1241 				for ( ; p->x != 0 ; p++)
1242 					if ((x & p->x) == p->x) {
1243 						x &= ~p->x;
1244 						printf("%s%s", comma, p->s);
1245 						comma = ",";
1246 					}
1247 				printf(" %d", c->conn_limit);
1248 			    }
1249 				break;
1250 
1251 			default:
1252 				printf(" [opcode %d len %d]",
1253 				    cmd->opcode, cmd->len);
1254 			}
1255 		}
1256 		if (cmd->len & F_OR) {
1257 			printf(" or");
1258 			or_block = 1;
1259 		} else if (or_block) {
1260 			printf(" }");
1261 			or_block = 0;
1262 		}
1263 	}
1264 	show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP, 0);
1265 
1266 	printf("\n");
1267 }
1268 
1269 static void
1270 show_dyn_ipfw(ipfw_dyn_rule *d, int pcwidth, int bcwidth)
1271 {
1272 	struct protoent *pe;
1273 	struct in_addr a;
1274 	uint16_t rulenum;
1275 
1276 	if (!do_expired) {
1277 		if (!d->expire && !(d->dyn_type == O_LIMIT_PARENT))
1278 			return;
1279 	}
1280 
1281 	bcopy(&d->rule, &rulenum, sizeof(rulenum));
1282 
1283 	printf("%05d %*llu %*llu (%ds)", rulenum, pcwidth,
1284 	    align_uint64(&d->pcnt), bcwidth,
1285 	    align_uint64(&d->bcnt), d->expire);
1286 	switch (d->dyn_type) {
1287 	case O_LIMIT_PARENT:
1288 		printf(" PARENT %d", d->count);
1289 		break;
1290 	case O_LIMIT:
1291 		printf(" LIMIT");
1292 		break;
1293 	case O_KEEP_STATE: /* bidir, no mask */
1294 		printf(" STATE");
1295 		break;
1296 	}
1297 
1298 	if ((pe = getprotobynumber(d->id.proto)) != NULL)
1299 		printf(" %s", pe->p_name);
1300 	else
1301 		printf(" proto %u", d->id.proto);
1302 
1303 	a.s_addr = htonl(d->id.src_ip);
1304 	printf(" %s %d", inet_ntoa(a), d->id.src_port);
1305 
1306 	a.s_addr = htonl(d->id.dst_ip);
1307 	printf(" <-> %s %d", inet_ntoa(a), d->id.dst_port);
1308 	printf("\n");
1309 }
1310 
1311 int
1312 sort_q(const void *pa, const void *pb)
1313 {
1314 	int rev = (do_sort < 0);
1315 	int field = rev ? -do_sort : do_sort;
1316 	long long res = 0;
1317 	const struct dn_flow_queue *a = pa;
1318 	const struct dn_flow_queue *b = pb;
1319 
1320 	switch (field) {
1321 	case 1: /* pkts */
1322 		res = a->len - b->len;
1323 		break;
1324 	case 2: /* bytes */
1325 		res = a->len_bytes - b->len_bytes;
1326 		break;
1327 
1328 	case 3: /* tot pkts */
1329 		res = a->tot_pkts - b->tot_pkts;
1330 		break;
1331 
1332 	case 4: /* tot bytes */
1333 		res = a->tot_bytes - b->tot_bytes;
1334 		break;
1335 	}
1336 	if (res < 0)
1337 		res = -1;
1338 	if (res > 0)
1339 		res = 1;
1340 	return (int)(rev ? res : -res);
1341 }
1342 
1343 static void
1344 list_queues(struct dn_flow_set *fs, struct dn_flow_queue *q)
1345 {
1346 	int l;
1347 
1348 	printf("    mask: 0x%02x 0x%08x/0x%04x -> 0x%08x/0x%04x\n",
1349 	    fs->flow_mask.proto,
1350 	    fs->flow_mask.src_ip, fs->flow_mask.src_port,
1351 	    fs->flow_mask.dst_ip, fs->flow_mask.dst_port);
1352 	if (fs->rq_elements == 0)
1353 		return;
1354 
1355 	printf("BKT Prot ___Source IP/port____ "
1356 	    "____Dest. IP/port____ Tot_pkt/bytes Pkt/Byte Drp\n");
1357 	if (do_sort != 0)
1358 		heapsort(q, fs->rq_elements, sizeof *q, sort_q);
1359 	for (l = 0; l < fs->rq_elements; l++) {
1360 		struct in_addr ina;
1361 		struct protoent *pe;
1362 
1363 		ina.s_addr = htonl(q[l].id.src_ip);
1364 		printf("%3d ", q[l].hash_slot);
1365 		pe = getprotobynumber(q[l].id.proto);
1366 		if (pe)
1367 			printf("%-4s ", pe->p_name);
1368 		else
1369 			printf("%4u ", q[l].id.proto);
1370 		printf("%15s/%-5d ",
1371 		    inet_ntoa(ina), q[l].id.src_port);
1372 		ina.s_addr = htonl(q[l].id.dst_ip);
1373 		printf("%15s/%-5d ",
1374 		    inet_ntoa(ina), q[l].id.dst_port);
1375 		printf("%4qu %8qu %2u %4u %3u\n",
1376 		    q[l].tot_pkts, q[l].tot_bytes,
1377 		    q[l].len, q[l].len_bytes, q[l].drops);
1378 		if (verbose)
1379 			printf("   S %20qd  F %20qd\n",
1380 			    q[l].S, q[l].F);
1381 	}
1382 }
1383 
1384 static void
1385 print_flowset_parms(struct dn_flow_set *fs, char *prefix)
1386 {
1387 	int l;
1388 	char qs[30];
1389 	char plr[30];
1390 	char red[90];	/* Display RED parameters */
1391 
1392 	l = fs->qsize;
1393 	if (fs->flags_fs & DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES) {
1394 		if (l >= 8192)
1395 			sprintf(qs, "%d KB", l / 1024);
1396 		else
1397 			sprintf(qs, "%d B", l);
1398 	} else
1399 		sprintf(qs, "%3d sl.", l);
1400 	if (fs->plr)
1401 		sprintf(plr, "plr %f", 1.0 * fs->plr / (double)(0x7fffffff));
1402 	else
1403 		plr[0] = '\0';
1404 	if (fs->flags_fs & DN_IS_RED)	/* RED parameters */
1405 		sprintf(red,
1406 		    "\n\t  %cRED w_q %f min_th %d max_th %d max_p %f",
1407 		    (fs->flags_fs & DN_IS_GENTLE_RED) ? 'G' : ' ',
1408 		    1.0 * fs->w_q / (double)(1 << SCALE_RED),
1409 		    SCALE_VAL(fs->min_th),
1410 		    SCALE_VAL(fs->max_th),
1411 		    1.0 * fs->max_p / (double)(1 << SCALE_RED));
1412 	else
1413 		sprintf(red, "droptail");
1414 
1415 	printf("%s %s%s %d queues (%d buckets) %s\n",
1416 	    prefix, qs, plr, fs->rq_elements, fs->rq_size, red);
1417 }
1418 
1419 static void
1420 list_pipes(void *data, int nbytes, int ac, char *av[])
1421 {
1422 	u_long rulenum;
1423 	void *next = data;
1424 	struct dn_pipe *p = (struct dn_pipe *) data;
1425 	struct dn_flow_set *fs;
1426 	struct dn_flow_queue *q;
1427 	int l;
1428 
1429 	if (ac > 0)
1430 		rulenum = strtoul(*av++, NULL, 10);
1431 	else
1432 		rulenum = 0;
1433 	for (; nbytes >= sizeof *p; p = (struct dn_pipe *)next) {
1434 		double b = p->bandwidth;
1435 		char buf[30];
1436 		char prefix[80];
1437 
1438 		if (p->next != (struct dn_pipe *)DN_IS_PIPE)
1439 			break;	/* done with pipes, now queues */
1440 
1441 		/*
1442 		 * compute length, as pipe have variable size
1443 		 */
1444 		l = sizeof(*p) + p->fs.rq_elements * sizeof(*q);
1445 		next = (void *)p + l;
1446 		nbytes -= l;
1447 
1448 		if (rulenum != 0 && rulenum != p->pipe_nr)
1449 			continue;
1450 
1451 		/*
1452 		 * Print rate (or clocking interface)
1453 		 */
1454 		if (p->if_name[0] != '\0')
1455 			sprintf(buf, "%s", p->if_name);
1456 		else if (b == 0)
1457 			sprintf(buf, "unlimited");
1458 		else if (b >= 1000000)
1459 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f Mbit/s", b/1000000);
1460 		else if (b >= 1000)
1461 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f Kbit/s", b/1000);
1462 		else
1463 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f bit/s ", b);
1464 
1465 		sprintf(prefix, "%05d: %s %4d ms ",
1466 		    p->pipe_nr, buf, p->delay);
1467 		print_flowset_parms(&(p->fs), prefix);
1468 		if (verbose)
1469 			printf("   V %20qd\n", p->V >> MY_M);
1470 
1471 		q = (struct dn_flow_queue *)(p+1);
1472 		list_queues(&(p->fs), q);
1473 	}
1474 	for (fs = next; nbytes >= sizeof *fs; fs = next) {
1475 		char prefix[80];
1476 
1477 		if (fs->next != (struct dn_flow_set *)DN_IS_QUEUE)
1478 			break;
1479 		l = sizeof(*fs) + fs->rq_elements * sizeof(*q);
1480 		next = (void *)fs + l;
1481 		nbytes -= l;
1482 		q = (struct dn_flow_queue *)(fs+1);
1483 		sprintf(prefix, "q%05d: weight %d pipe %d ",
1484 		    fs->fs_nr, fs->weight, fs->parent_nr);
1485 		print_flowset_parms(fs, prefix);
1486 		list_queues(fs, q);
1487 	}
1488 }
1489 
1490 /*
1491  * This one handles all set-related commands
1492  * 	ipfw set { show | enable | disable }
1493  * 	ipfw set swap X Y
1494  * 	ipfw set move X to Y
1495  * 	ipfw set move rule X to Y
1496  */
1497 static void
1498 sets_handler(int ac, char *av[])
1499 {
1500 	u_int32_t set_disable, masks[2];
1501 	int i, nbytes;
1502 	u_int16_t rulenum;
1503 	u_int8_t cmd, new_set;
1504 
1505 	ac--;
1506 	av++;
1507 
1508 	if (!ac)
1509 		errx(EX_USAGE, "set needs command");
1510 	if (!strncmp(*av, "show", strlen(*av)) ) {
1511 		void *data;
1512 		char *msg;
1513 
1514 		nbytes = sizeof(struct ip_fw);
1515 		if ((data = malloc(nbytes)) == NULL)
1516 			err(EX_OSERR, "malloc");
1517 		if (getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_GET, data, &nbytes) < 0)
1518 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_FW_GET)");
1519 		bcopy(&((struct ip_fw *)data)->next_rule,
1520 			&set_disable, sizeof(set_disable));
1521 
1522 
1523 		for (i = 0, msg = "disable" ; i < 31; i++)
1524 			if (  (set_disable & (1<<i))) {
1525 				printf("%s %d", msg, i);
1526 				msg = "";
1527 			}
1528 		msg = (set_disable) ? " enable" : "enable";
1529 		for (i = 0; i < 31; i++)
1530 			if ( !(set_disable & (1<<i))) {
1531 				printf("%s %d", msg, i);
1532 				msg = "";
1533 			}
1534 		printf("\n");
1535 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "swap", strlen(*av))) {
1536 		ac--; av++;
1537 		if (ac != 2)
1538 			errx(EX_USAGE, "set swap needs 2 set numbers\n");
1539 		rulenum = atoi(av[0]);
1540 		new_set = atoi(av[1]);
1541 		if (!isdigit(*(av[0])) || rulenum > 30)
1542 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid set number %s\n", av[0]);
1543 		if (!isdigit(*(av[1])) || new_set > 30)
1544 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid set number %s\n", av[1]);
1545 		masks[0] = (4 << 24) | (new_set << 16) | (rulenum);
1546 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL,
1547 			masks, sizeof(u_int32_t));
1548 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "move", strlen(*av))) {
1549 		ac--; av++;
1550 		if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "rule", strlen(*av))) {
1551 			cmd = 2;
1552 			ac--; av++;
1553 		} else
1554 			cmd = 3;
1555 		if (ac != 3 || strncmp(av[1], "to", strlen(*av)))
1556 			errx(EX_USAGE, "syntax: set move [rule] X to Y\n");
1557 		rulenum = atoi(av[0]);
1558 		new_set = atoi(av[2]);
1559 		if (!isdigit(*(av[0])) || (cmd == 3 && rulenum > 30) ||
1560 			(cmd == 2 && rulenum == 65535) )
1561 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid source number %s\n", av[0]);
1562 		if (!isdigit(*(av[2])) || new_set > 30)
1563 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid dest. set %s\n", av[1]);
1564 		masks[0] = (cmd << 24) | (new_set << 16) | (rulenum);
1565 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL,
1566 			masks, sizeof(u_int32_t));
1567 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "disable", strlen(*av)) ||
1568 		   !strncmp(*av, "enable",  strlen(*av)) ) {
1569 		int which = !strncmp(*av, "enable",  strlen(*av)) ? 1 : 0;
1570 
1571 		ac--; av++;
1572 		masks[0] = masks[1] = 0;
1573 
1574 		while (ac) {
1575 			if (isdigit(**av)) {
1576 				i = atoi(*av);
1577 				if (i < 0 || i > 30)
1578 					errx(EX_DATAERR,
1579 					    "invalid set number %d\n", i);
1580 				masks[which] |= (1<<i);
1581 			} else if (!strncmp(*av, "disable", strlen(*av)))
1582 				which = 0;
1583 			else if (!strncmp(*av, "enable", strlen(*av)))
1584 				which = 1;
1585 			else
1586 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
1587 					"invalid set command %s\n", *av);
1588 			av++; ac--;
1589 		}
1590 		if ( (masks[0] & masks[1]) != 0 )
1591 			errx(EX_DATAERR,
1592 			    "cannot enable and disable the same set\n");
1593 
1594 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL, masks, sizeof(masks));
1595 		if (i)
1596 			warn("set enable/disable: setsockopt(IP_FW_DEL)");
1597 	} else
1598 		errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid set command %s\n", *av);
1599 }
1600 
1601 static void
1602 sysctl_handler(int ac, char *av[], int which)
1603 {
1604 	ac--;
1605 	av++;
1606 
1607 	if (*av == NULL) {
1608 		warnx("missing keyword to enable/disable\n");
1609 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "firewall", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1610 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.enable", NULL, 0,
1611 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1612 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "one_pass", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1613 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.one_pass", NULL, 0,
1614 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1615 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "debug", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1616 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.debug", NULL, 0,
1617 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1618 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "verbose", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1619 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.verbose", NULL, 0,
1620 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1621 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "dyn_keepalive", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1622 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_keepalive", NULL, 0,
1623 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1624 	} else {
1625 		warnx("unrecognize enable/disable keyword: %s\n", *av);
1626 	}
1627 }
1628 
1629 static void
1630 list(int ac, char *av[])
1631 {
1632 	struct ip_fw *r;
1633 	ipfw_dyn_rule *dynrules, *d;
1634 
1635 	void *lim, *data = NULL;
1636 	int bcwidth, n, nbytes, nstat, ndyn, pcwidth, width;
1637 	int exitval = EX_OK;
1638 	int lac;
1639 	char **lav;
1640 	u_long rnum;
1641 	char *endptr;
1642 	int seen = 0;
1643 
1644 	const int ocmd = do_pipe ? IP_DUMMYNET_GET : IP_FW_GET;
1645 	int nalloc = 1024;	/* start somewhere... */
1646 
1647 	ac--;
1648 	av++;
1649 
1650 	/* get rules or pipes from kernel, resizing array as necessary */
1651 	nbytes = nalloc;
1652 
1653 	while (nbytes >= nalloc) {
1654 		nalloc = nalloc * 2 + 200;
1655 		nbytes = nalloc;
1656 		if ((data = realloc(data, nbytes)) == NULL)
1657 			err(EX_OSERR, "realloc");
1658 		if (getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, ocmd, data, &nbytes) < 0)
1659 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_%s_GET)",
1660 				do_pipe ? "DUMMYNET" : "FW");
1661 	}
1662 
1663 	if (do_pipe) {
1664 		list_pipes(data, nbytes, ac, av);
1665 		goto done;
1666 	}
1667 
1668 	/*
1669 	 * Count static rules. They have variable size so we
1670 	 * need to scan the list to count them.
1671 	 */
1672 	for (nstat = 1, r = data, lim = data + nbytes;
1673 		    r->rulenum < 65535 && (void *)r < lim;
1674 		    ++nstat, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r) )
1675 		; /* nothing */
1676 
1677 	/*
1678 	 * Count dynamic rules. This is easier as they have
1679 	 * fixed size.
1680 	 */
1681 	r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r);
1682 	dynrules = (ipfw_dyn_rule *)r ;
1683 	n = (void *)r - data;
1684 	ndyn = (nbytes - n) / sizeof *dynrules;
1685 
1686 	/* if showing stats, figure out column widths ahead of time */
1687 	bcwidth = pcwidth = 0;
1688 	if (do_acct) {
1689 		for (n = 0, r = data; n < nstat;
1690 		    n++, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r)) {
1691 			/* packet counter */
1692 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu",
1693 			    align_uint64(&r->pcnt));
1694 			if (width > pcwidth)
1695 				pcwidth = width;
1696 
1697 			/* byte counter */
1698 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu",
1699 			    align_uint64(&r->bcnt));
1700 			if (width > bcwidth)
1701 				bcwidth = width;
1702 		}
1703 	}
1704 	if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
1705 		for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++) {
1706 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu",
1707 			    align_uint64(&d->pcnt));
1708 			if (width > pcwidth)
1709 				pcwidth = width;
1710 
1711 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu",
1712 			    align_uint64(&d->bcnt));
1713 			if (width > bcwidth)
1714 				bcwidth = width;
1715 		}
1716 	}
1717 	/* if no rule numbers were specified, list all rules */
1718 	if (ac == 0) {
1719 		for (n = 0, r = data; n < nstat;
1720 		    n++, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r) )
1721 			show_ipfw(r, pcwidth, bcwidth);
1722 
1723 		if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
1724 			printf("## Dynamic rules (%d):\n", ndyn);
1725 			for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++)
1726 				show_dyn_ipfw(d, pcwidth, bcwidth);
1727 		}
1728 		goto done;
1729 	}
1730 
1731 	/* display specific rules requested on command line */
1732 
1733 	for (lac = ac, lav = av; lac != 0; lac--) {
1734 		/* convert command line rule # */
1735 		rnum = strtoul(*lav++, &endptr, 10);
1736 		if (*endptr) {
1737 			exitval = EX_USAGE;
1738 			warnx("invalid rule number: %s", *(lav - 1));
1739 			continue;
1740 		}
1741 		for (n = seen = 0, r = data; n < nstat;
1742 		    n++, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r) ) {
1743 			if (r->rulenum > rnum)
1744 				break;
1745 			if (r->rulenum == rnum) {
1746 				show_ipfw(r, pcwidth, bcwidth);
1747 				seen = 1;
1748 			}
1749 		}
1750 		if (!seen) {
1751 			/* give precedence to other error(s) */
1752 			if (exitval == EX_OK)
1753 				exitval = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
1754 			warnx("rule %lu does not exist", rnum);
1755 		}
1756 	}
1757 
1758 	if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
1759 		printf("## Dynamic rules:\n");
1760 		for (lac = ac, lav = av; lac != 0; lac--) {
1761 			rnum = strtoul(*lav++, &endptr, 10);
1762 			if (*endptr)
1763 				/* already warned */
1764 				continue;
1765 			for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++) {
1766 				uint16_t rulenum;
1767 
1768 				bcopy(&d->rule, &rulenum, sizeof(rulenum));
1769 				if (rulenum > rnum)
1770 					break;
1771 				if (rulenum == rnum)
1772 					show_dyn_ipfw(d, pcwidth, bcwidth);
1773 			}
1774 		}
1775 	}
1776 
1777 	ac = 0;
1778 
1779 done:
1780 	free(data);
1781 
1782 	if (exitval != EX_OK)
1783 		exit(exitval);
1784 }
1785 
1786 static void
1787 show_usage(void)
1788 {
1789 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: ipfw [options]\n"
1790 "    add [number] rule\n"
1791 "    pipe number config [pipeconfig]\n"
1792 "    queue number config [queueconfig]\n"
1793 "    [pipe] flush\n"
1794 "    [pipe] delete number ...\n"
1795 "    [pipe] {list|show} [number ...]\n"
1796 "    {zero|resetlog} [number ...]\n"
1797 "do \"ipfw -h\" or see ipfw manpage for details\n"
1798 );
1799 
1800 	exit(EX_USAGE);
1801 }
1802 
1803 static void
1804 help(void)
1805 {
1806 
1807 	fprintf(stderr, "ipfw syntax summary:\n"
1808 "ipfw add [N] [prob {0..1}] ACTION [log [logamount N]] ADDR OPTIONS\n"
1809 "ipfw {pipe|queue} N config BODY\n"
1810 "ipfw [pipe] {zero|delete|show} [N{,N}]\n"
1811 "\n"
1812 "RULE:		[1..] [PROB] BODY\n"
1813 "RULENUM:	INTEGER(1..65534)\n"
1814 "PROB:		prob REAL(0..1)\n"
1815 "BODY:		check-state [LOG] (no body) |\n"
1816 "		ACTION [LOG] MATCH_ADDR [OPTION_LIST]\n"
1817 "ACTION:	check-state | allow | count | deny | reject | skipto N |\n"
1818 "		{divert|tee} PORT | forward ADDR | pipe N | queue N\n"
1819 "ADDR:		[ MAC dst src ether_type ] \n"
1820 "		[ from IPLIST [ PORT ] to IPLIST [ PORTLIST ] ]\n"
1821 "IPLIST:	IPADDR | ( IPADDR or ... or IPADDR )\n"
1822 "IPADDR:	[not] { any | me | ip | ip/bits | ip:mask | ip/bits{x,y,z} }\n"
1823 "OPTION_LIST:	OPTION [,OPTION_LIST]\n"
1824 );
1825 exit(0);
1826 }
1827 
1828 
1829 static int
1830 lookup_host (char *host, struct in_addr *ipaddr)
1831 {
1832 	struct hostent *he;
1833 
1834 	if (!inet_aton(host, ipaddr)) {
1835 		if ((he = gethostbyname(host)) == NULL)
1836 			return(-1);
1837 		*ipaddr = *(struct in_addr *)he->h_addr_list[0];
1838 	}
1839 	return(0);
1840 }
1841 
1842 /*
1843  * fills the addr and mask fields in the instruction as appropriate from av.
1844  * Update length as appropriate.
1845  * The following formats are allowed:
1846  *	any	matches any IP. Actually returns an empty instruction.
1847  *	me	returns O_IP_*_ME
1848  *	1.2.3.4		single IP address
1849  *	1.2.3.4:5.6.7.8	address:mask
1850  *	1.2.3.4/24	address/mask
1851  *	1.2.3.4/26{1,6,5,4,23}	set of addresses in a subnet
1852  */
1853 static void
1854 fill_ip(ipfw_insn_ip *cmd, char *av)
1855 {
1856 	char *p = 0, md = 0;
1857 	u_int32_t i;
1858 
1859 	cmd->o.len &= ~F_LEN_MASK;	/* zero len */
1860 
1861 	if (!strncmp(av, "any", strlen(av)))
1862 		return;
1863 
1864 	if (!strncmp(av, "me", strlen(av))) {
1865 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn);
1866 		return;
1867 	}
1868 
1869 	p = strchr(av, '/');
1870 	if (!p)
1871 		p = strchr(av, ':');
1872 	if (p) {
1873 		md = *p;
1874 		*p++ = '\0';
1875 	}
1876 
1877 	if (lookup_host(av, &cmd->addr) != 0)
1878 		errx(EX_NOHOST, "hostname ``%s'' unknown", av);
1879 	switch (md) {
1880 	case ':':
1881 		if (!inet_aton(p, &cmd->mask))
1882 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad netmask ``%s''", p);
1883 		break;
1884 	case '/':
1885 		i = atoi(p);
1886 		if (i == 0)
1887 			cmd->mask.s_addr = htonl(0);
1888 		else if (i > 32)
1889 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad width ``%s''", p);
1890 		else
1891 			cmd->mask.s_addr = htonl(~0 << (32 - i));
1892 		break;
1893 	default:
1894 		cmd->mask.s_addr = htonl(~0);
1895 		break;
1896 	}
1897 	cmd->addr.s_addr &= cmd->mask.s_addr;
1898 	/*
1899 	 * now look if we have a set of addresses. They are stored as follows:
1900 	 *   arg1	is the set size (powers of 2, 2..256)
1901 	 *   addr	is the base address IN HOST FORMAT
1902 	 *   mask..	is an array of u_int32_t with bits set.
1903 	 */
1904 	if (p)
1905 		p = strchr(p, '{');
1906 	if (p) {	/* fetch addresses */
1907 		u_int32_t *d;
1908 		int low, high;
1909 		int i = contigmask((u_char *)&(cmd->mask), 32);
1910 
1911 		if (i < 24 || i > 31) {
1912 			fprintf(stderr, "invalid set with mask %d\n",
1913 				i);
1914 			exit(0);
1915 		}
1916 		cmd->o.arg1 = 1<<(32-i);
1917 		cmd->addr.s_addr = ntohl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
1918 		d = (u_int32_t *)&cmd->mask;
1919 		cmd->o.opcode = O_IP_DST_SET;	/* default */
1920 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32) + (cmd->o.arg1+31)/32;
1921 		for (i = 0; i < (cmd->o.arg1+31)/32 ; i++)
1922 			d[i] = 0;	/* clear masks */
1923 
1924 		av = p+1;
1925 		low = cmd->addr.s_addr & 0xff;
1926 		high = low + cmd->o.arg1 - 1;
1927 		i = -1;	/* previous value in a range */
1928 		while (isdigit(*av)) {
1929 			char *s;
1930 			u_int16_t a = strtol(av, &s, 0);
1931 
1932 			if (s == av) /* no parameter */
1933 				break;
1934 			if (a < low || a > high) {
1935 			    fprintf(stderr, "addr %d out of range [%d-%d]\n",
1936 				a, low, high);
1937 			    exit(0);
1938 			}
1939 			a -= low;
1940 			if (i == -1)	/* no previous in range */
1941 			    i = a;
1942 			else {		/* check that range is valid */
1943 			    if (i > a)
1944 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid range %d-%d",
1945 					i+low, a+low);
1946 			    if (*s == '-')
1947 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "double '-' in range");
1948 			}
1949 			for (; i <= a; i++)
1950 			    d[i/32] |= 1<<(i & 31);
1951 			i = -1;
1952 			if (*s == '-')
1953 			    i = a;
1954 			else if (*s != ',')
1955 			    break;
1956 			av = s+1;
1957 		}
1958 		return;
1959 	}
1960 
1961 	if (cmd->mask.s_addr == 0) { /* any */
1962 		if (cmd->o.len & F_NOT)
1963 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "not any never matches");
1964 		else	/* useless, nuke it */
1965 			return;
1966 	} else if (cmd->mask.s_addr ==  IP_MASK_ALL)	/* one IP */
1967 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
1968 	else						/* addr/mask */
1969 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_ip);
1970 }
1971 
1972 
1973 /*
1974  * helper function to process a set of flags and set bits in the
1975  * appropriate masks.
1976  */
1977 static void
1978 fill_flags(ipfw_insn *cmd, enum ipfw_opcodes opcode,
1979 	struct _s_x *flags, char *p)
1980 {
1981 	u_int8_t set=0, clear=0;
1982 
1983 	while (p && *p) {
1984 		char *q;	/* points to the separator */
1985 		int val;
1986 		u_int8_t *which;	/* mask we are working on */
1987 
1988 		if (*p == '!') {
1989 			p++;
1990 			which = &clear;
1991 		} else
1992 			which = &set;
1993 		q = strchr(p, ',');
1994 		if (q)
1995 			*q++ = '\0';
1996 		val = match_token(flags, p);
1997 		if (val <= 0)
1998 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid flag %s", p);
1999 		*which |= (u_int8_t)val;
2000 		p = q;
2001 	}
2002         cmd->opcode = opcode;
2003         cmd->len =  (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | 1;
2004         cmd->arg1 = (set & 0xff) | ( (clear & 0xff) << 8);
2005 }
2006 
2007 
2008 static void
2009 delete(int ac, char *av[])
2010 {
2011 	u_int32_t rulenum;
2012 	struct dn_pipe pipe;
2013 	int i;
2014 	int exitval = EX_OK;
2015 	int do_set = 0;
2016 
2017 	memset(&pipe, 0, sizeof pipe);
2018 
2019 	av++; ac--;
2020 	if (ac > 0 && !strncmp(*av, "set", strlen(*av))) {
2021 		do_set = 1;	/* delete set */
2022 		ac--; av++;
2023 	}
2024 
2025 	/* Rule number */
2026 	while (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
2027 		i = atoi(*av); av++; ac--;
2028 		if (do_pipe) {
2029 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2030 				pipe.pipe_nr = i;
2031 			else
2032 				pipe.fs.fs_nr = i;
2033 			i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_DUMMYNET_DEL,
2034 			    &pipe, sizeof pipe);
2035 			if (i) {
2036 				exitval = 1;
2037 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_DUMMYNET_DEL)",
2038 				    do_pipe == 1 ? pipe.pipe_nr :
2039 				    pipe.fs.fs_nr);
2040 			}
2041 		} else {
2042 			rulenum =  (i & 0xffff) | (do_set << 24);
2043 			i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL, &rulenum,
2044 			    sizeof rulenum);
2045 			if (i) {
2046 				exitval = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
2047 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_DEL)",
2048 				    rulenum);
2049 			}
2050 		}
2051 	}
2052 	if (exitval != EX_OK)
2053 		exit(exitval);
2054 }
2055 
2056 
2057 /*
2058  * fill the interface structure. We do not check the name as we can
2059  * create interfaces dynamically, so checking them at insert time
2060  * makes relatively little sense.
2061  * A '*' following the name means any unit.
2062  */
2063 static void
2064 fill_iface(ipfw_insn_if *cmd, char *arg)
2065 {
2066 	cmd->name[0] = '\0';
2067 	cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_if);
2068 
2069 	/* Parse the interface or address */
2070 	if (!strcmp(arg, "any"))
2071 		cmd->o.len = 0;		/* effectively ignore this command */
2072 	else if (!isdigit(*arg)) {
2073 		char *q;
2074 
2075 		strncpy(cmd->name, arg, sizeof(cmd->name));
2076 		cmd->name[sizeof(cmd->name) - 1] = '\0';
2077 		/* find first digit or wildcard */
2078 		for (q = cmd->name; *q && !isdigit(*q) && *q != '*'; q++)
2079 			continue;
2080 		cmd->p.unit = (*q == '*') ? -1 : atoi(q);
2081 		*q = '\0';
2082 	} else if (!inet_aton(arg, &cmd->p.ip))
2083 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad ip address ``%s''", arg);
2084 }
2085 
2086 /*
2087  * the following macro returns an error message if we run out of
2088  * arguments.
2089  */
2090 #define	NEED1(msg)	{if (!ac) errx(EX_USAGE, msg);}
2091 
2092 static void
2093 config_pipe(int ac, char **av)
2094 {
2095 	struct dn_pipe pipe;
2096 	int i;
2097 	char *end;
2098 	u_int32_t a;
2099 	void *par = NULL;
2100 
2101 	memset(&pipe, 0, sizeof pipe);
2102 
2103 	av++; ac--;
2104 	/* Pipe number */
2105 	if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
2106 		i = atoi(*av); av++; ac--;
2107 		if (do_pipe == 1)
2108 			pipe.pipe_nr = i;
2109 		else
2110 			pipe.fs.fs_nr = i;
2111 	}
2112 	while (ac > 0) {
2113 		double d;
2114 		int tok = match_token(dummynet_params, *av);
2115 		ac--; av++;
2116 
2117 		switch(tok) {
2118 		case TOK_NOERROR:
2119 			pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_NOERROR;
2120 			break;
2121 
2122 		case TOK_PLR:
2123 			NEED1("plr needs argument 0..1\n");
2124 			d = strtod(av[0], NULL);
2125 			if (d > 1)
2126 				d = 1;
2127 			else if (d < 0)
2128 				d = 0;
2129 			pipe.fs.plr = (int)(d*0x7fffffff);
2130 			ac--; av++;
2131 			break;
2132 
2133 		case TOK_QUEUE:
2134 			NEED1("queue needs queue size\n");
2135 			end = NULL;
2136 			pipe.fs.qsize = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2137 			if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k') {
2138 				pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES;
2139 				pipe.fs.qsize *= 1024;
2140 			} else if (*end == 'B' || !strncmp(end, "by", 2)) {
2141 				pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES;
2142 			}
2143 			ac--; av++;
2144 			break;
2145 
2146 		case TOK_BUCKETS:
2147 			NEED1("buckets needs argument\n");
2148 			pipe.fs.rq_size = strtoul(av[0], NULL, 0);
2149 			ac--; av++;
2150 			break;
2151 
2152 		case TOK_MASK:
2153 			NEED1("mask needs mask specifier\n");
2154 			/*
2155 			 * per-flow queue, mask is dst_ip, dst_port,
2156 			 * src_ip, src_port, proto measured in bits
2157 			 */
2158 			par = NULL;
2159 
2160 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip = 0;
2161 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_ip = 0;
2162 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_port = 0;
2163 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_port = 0;
2164 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.proto = 0;
2165 			end = NULL;
2166 
2167 			while (ac >= 1) {
2168 			    u_int32_t *p32 = NULL;
2169 			    u_int16_t *p16 = NULL;
2170 
2171 			    tok = match_token(dummynet_params, *av);
2172 			    ac--; av++;
2173 			    switch(tok) {
2174 			    case TOK_ALL:
2175 				    /*
2176 				     * special case, all bits significant
2177 				     */
2178 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip = ~0;
2179 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_ip = ~0;
2180 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_port = ~0;
2181 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_port = ~0;
2182 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.proto = ~0;
2183 				    pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_HAVE_FLOW_MASK;
2184 				    goto end_mask;
2185 
2186 			    case TOK_DSTIP:
2187 				    p32 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip;
2188 				    break;
2189 
2190 			    case TOK_SRCIP:
2191 				    p32 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_ip;
2192 				    break;
2193 
2194 			    case TOK_DSTPORT:
2195 				    p16 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_port;
2196 				    break;
2197 
2198 			    case TOK_SRCPORT:
2199 				    p16 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_port;
2200 				    break;
2201 
2202 			    case TOK_PROTO:
2203 				    break;
2204 
2205 			    default:
2206 				    ac++; av--; /* backtrack */
2207 				    goto end_mask;
2208 			    }
2209 			    if (ac < 1)
2210 				    errx(EX_USAGE, "mask: value missing");
2211 			    if (*av[0] == '/') {
2212 				    a = strtoul(av[0]+1, &end, 0);
2213 				    a = (a == 32) ? ~0 : (1 << a) - 1;
2214 			    } else
2215 				    a = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2216 			    if (p32 != NULL)
2217 				    *p32 = a;
2218 			    else if (p16 != NULL) {
2219 				    if (a > 65535)
2220 					    errx(EX_DATAERR,
2221 						"mask: must be 16 bit");
2222 				    *p16 = (u_int16_t)a;
2223 			    } else {
2224 				    if (a > 255)
2225 					    errx(EX_DATAERR,
2226 						"mask: must be 8 bit");
2227 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.proto = (u_int8_t)a;
2228 			    }
2229 			    if (a != 0)
2230 				    pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_HAVE_FLOW_MASK;
2231 			    ac--; av++;
2232 			} /* end while, config masks */
2233 end_mask:
2234 			break;
2235 
2236 		case TOK_RED:
2237 		case TOK_GRED:
2238 			NEED1("red/gred needs w_q/min_th/max_th/max_p\n");
2239 			pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_IS_RED;
2240 			if (tok == TOK_GRED)
2241 				pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_IS_GENTLE_RED;
2242 			/*
2243 			 * the format for parameters is w_q/min_th/max_th/max_p
2244 			 */
2245 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2246 			    double w_q = strtod(end, NULL);
2247 			    if (w_q > 1 || w_q <= 0)
2248 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "0 < w_q <= 1");
2249 			    pipe.fs.w_q = (int) (w_q * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2250 			}
2251 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2252 			    pipe.fs.min_th = strtoul(end, &end, 0);
2253 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k')
2254 				pipe.fs.min_th *= 1024;
2255 			}
2256 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2257 			    pipe.fs.max_th = strtoul(end, &end, 0);
2258 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k')
2259 				pipe.fs.max_th *= 1024;
2260 			}
2261 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2262 			    double max_p = strtod(end, NULL);
2263 			    if (max_p > 1 || max_p <= 0)
2264 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "0 < max_p <= 1");
2265 			    pipe.fs.max_p = (int)(max_p * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2266 			}
2267 			ac--; av++;
2268 			break;
2269 
2270 		case TOK_DROPTAIL:
2271 			pipe.fs.flags_fs &= ~(DN_IS_RED|DN_IS_GENTLE_RED);
2272 			break;
2273 
2274 		case TOK_BW:
2275 			NEED1("bw needs bandwidth or interface\n");
2276 			if (do_pipe != 1)
2277 			    errx(EX_DATAERR, "bandwidth only valid for pipes");
2278 			/*
2279 			 * set clocking interface or bandwidth value
2280 			 */
2281 			if (av[0][0] >= 'a' && av[0][0] <= 'z') {
2282 			    int l = sizeof(pipe.if_name)-1;
2283 			    /* interface name */
2284 			    strncpy(pipe.if_name, av[0], l);
2285 			    pipe.if_name[l] = '\0';
2286 			    pipe.bandwidth = 0;
2287 			} else {
2288 			    pipe.if_name[0] = '\0';
2289 			    pipe.bandwidth = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2290 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k') {
2291 				end++;
2292 				pipe.bandwidth *= 1000;
2293 			    } else if (*end == 'M') {
2294 				end++;
2295 				pipe.bandwidth *= 1000000;
2296 			    }
2297 			    if (*end == 'B' || !strncmp(end, "by", 2))
2298 				pipe.bandwidth *= 8;
2299 			    if (pipe.bandwidth < 0)
2300 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "bandwidth too large");
2301 			}
2302 			ac--; av++;
2303 			break;
2304 
2305 		case TOK_DELAY:
2306 			if (do_pipe != 1)
2307 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "delay only valid for pipes");
2308 			NEED1("delay needs argument 0..10000ms\n");
2309 			pipe.delay = strtoul(av[0], NULL, 0);
2310 			ac--; av++;
2311 			break;
2312 
2313 		case TOK_WEIGHT:
2314 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2315 				errx(EX_DATAERR,"weight only valid for queues");
2316 			NEED1("weight needs argument 0..100\n");
2317 			pipe.fs.weight = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2318 			ac--; av++;
2319 			break;
2320 
2321 		case TOK_PIPE:
2322 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2323 				errx(EX_DATAERR,"pipe only valid for queues");
2324 			NEED1("pipe needs pipe_number\n");
2325 			pipe.fs.parent_nr = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2326 			ac--; av++;
2327 			break;
2328 
2329 		default:
2330 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "unrecognised option ``%s''", *av);
2331 		}
2332 	}
2333 	if (do_pipe == 1) {
2334 		if (pipe.pipe_nr == 0)
2335 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "pipe_nr must be > 0");
2336 		if (pipe.delay > 10000)
2337 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "delay must be < 10000");
2338 	} else { /* do_pipe == 2, queue */
2339 		if (pipe.fs.parent_nr == 0)
2340 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "pipe must be > 0");
2341 		if (pipe.fs.weight >100)
2342 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "weight must be <= 100");
2343 	}
2344 	if (pipe.fs.flags_fs & DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES) {
2345 		if (pipe.fs.qsize > 1024*1024)
2346 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "queue size must be < 1MB");
2347 	} else {
2348 		if (pipe.fs.qsize > 100)
2349 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "2 <= queue size <= 100");
2350 	}
2351 	if (pipe.fs.flags_fs & DN_IS_RED) {
2352 		size_t len;
2353 		int lookup_depth, avg_pkt_size;
2354 		double s, idle, weight, w_q;
2355 		struct clockinfo clock;
2356 		int t;
2357 
2358 		if (pipe.fs.min_th >= pipe.fs.max_th)
2359 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "min_th %d must be < than max_th %d",
2360 			pipe.fs.min_th, pipe.fs.max_th);
2361 		if (pipe.fs.max_th == 0)
2362 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "max_th must be > 0");
2363 
2364 		len = sizeof(int);
2365 		if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth",
2366 			&lookup_depth, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2367 
2368 		    errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
2369 			"net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth");
2370 		if (lookup_depth == 0)
2371 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth"
2372 			" must be greater than zero");
2373 
2374 		len = sizeof(int);
2375 		if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size",
2376 			&avg_pkt_size, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2377 
2378 		    errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
2379 			"net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size");
2380 		if (avg_pkt_size == 0)
2381 			errx(EX_DATAERR,
2382 			    "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size must"
2383 			    " be greater than zero");
2384 
2385 		len = sizeof(struct clockinfo);
2386 		if (sysctlbyname("kern.clockrate", &clock, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2387 			errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")", "kern.clockrate");
2388 
2389 		/*
2390 		 * Ticks needed for sending a medium-sized packet.
2391 		 * Unfortunately, when we are configuring a WF2Q+ queue, we
2392 		 * do not have bandwidth information, because that is stored
2393 		 * in the parent pipe, and also we have multiple queues
2394 		 * competing for it. So we set s=0, which is not very
2395 		 * correct. But on the other hand, why do we want RED with
2396 		 * WF2Q+ ?
2397 		 */
2398 		if (pipe.bandwidth==0) /* this is a WF2Q+ queue */
2399 			s = 0;
2400 		else
2401 			s = clock.hz * avg_pkt_size * 8 / pipe.bandwidth;
2402 
2403 		/*
2404 		 * max idle time (in ticks) before avg queue size becomes 0.
2405 		 * NOTA:  (3/w_q) is approx the value x so that
2406 		 * (1-w_q)^x < 10^-3.
2407 		 */
2408 		w_q = ((double)pipe.fs.w_q) / (1 << SCALE_RED);
2409 		idle = s * 3. / w_q;
2410 		pipe.fs.lookup_step = (int)idle / lookup_depth;
2411 		if (!pipe.fs.lookup_step)
2412 			pipe.fs.lookup_step = 1;
2413 		weight = 1 - w_q;
2414 		for (t = pipe.fs.lookup_step; t > 0; --t)
2415 			weight *= weight;
2416 		pipe.fs.lookup_weight = (int)(weight * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2417 	}
2418 	i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE, &pipe,
2419 			    sizeof pipe);
2420 	if (i)
2421 		err(1, "setsockopt(%s)", "IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE");
2422 }
2423 
2424 static void
2425 get_mac_addr_mask(char *p, u_char *addr, u_char *mask)
2426 {
2427 	int i, l;
2428 
2429 	for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2430 		addr[i] = mask[i] = 0;
2431 	if (!strcmp(p, "any"))
2432 		return;
2433 
2434 	for (i=0; *p && i<6;i++, p++) {
2435 		addr[i] = strtol(p, &p, 16);
2436 		if (*p != ':') /* we start with the mask */
2437 			break;
2438 	}
2439 	if (*p == '/') { /* mask len */
2440 		l = strtol(p+1, &p, 0);
2441 		for (i=0; l>0; l -=8, i++)
2442 			mask[i] = (l >=8) ? 0xff : (~0) << (8-l);
2443 	} else if (*p == '&') { /* mask */
2444 		for (i=0, p++; *p && i<6;i++, p++) {
2445 			mask[i] = strtol(p, &p, 16);
2446 			if (*p != ':')
2447 				break;
2448 		}
2449 	} else if (*p == '\0') {
2450 		for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2451 			mask[i] = 0xff;
2452 	}
2453 	for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2454 		addr[i] &= mask[i];
2455 }
2456 
2457 /*
2458  * helper function, updates the pointer to cmd with the length
2459  * of the current command, and also cleans up the first word of
2460  * the new command in case it has been clobbered before.
2461  */
2462 static ipfw_insn *
2463 next_cmd(ipfw_insn *cmd)
2464 {
2465 	cmd += F_LEN(cmd);
2466 	bzero(cmd, sizeof(*cmd));
2467 	return cmd;
2468 }
2469 
2470 /*
2471  * A function to fill simple commands of size 1.
2472  * Existing flags are preserved.
2473  */
2474 static void
2475 fill_cmd(ipfw_insn *cmd, enum ipfw_opcodes opcode, int flags, u_int16_t arg)
2476 {
2477 	cmd->opcode = opcode;
2478 	cmd->len =  ((cmd->len | flags) & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | 1;
2479 	cmd->arg1 = arg;
2480 }
2481 
2482 /*
2483  * Fetch and add the MAC address and type, with masks. This generates one or
2484  * two microinstructions, and returns the pointer to the last one.
2485  */
2486 static ipfw_insn *
2487 add_mac(ipfw_insn *cmd, int ac, char *av[])
2488 {
2489 	ipfw_insn_mac *mac;
2490 
2491 	if (ac < 2)
2492 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "MAC dst src");
2493 
2494 	cmd->opcode = O_MACADDR2;
2495 	cmd->len = (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_mac);
2496 
2497 	mac = (ipfw_insn_mac *)cmd;
2498 	get_mac_addr_mask(av[0], mac->addr, mac->mask);	/* dst */
2499 	get_mac_addr_mask(av[1], &(mac->addr[6]), &(mac->mask[6])); /* src */
2500 	return cmd;
2501 }
2502 
2503 static ipfw_insn *
2504 add_mactype(ipfw_insn *cmd, int ac, char *av)
2505 {
2506 	if (ac < 1)
2507 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "missing MAC type");
2508 	if (strcmp(av, "any") != 0) { /* we have a non-null type */
2509 		fill_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, av, IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE);
2510 		cmd->opcode = O_MAC_TYPE;
2511 		return cmd;
2512 	} else
2513 		return NULL;
2514 }
2515 
2516 static ipfw_insn *
2517 add_proto(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2518 {
2519 	struct protoent *pe;
2520 	u_char proto = 0;
2521 
2522 	if (!strncmp(av, "all", strlen(av)))
2523 		; /* same as "ip" */
2524 	else if ((proto = atoi(av)) > 0)
2525 		; /* all done! */
2526 	else if ((pe = getprotobyname(av)) != NULL)
2527 		proto = pe->p_proto;
2528 	else
2529 		return NULL;
2530 	if (proto != IPPROTO_IP)
2531 		fill_cmd(cmd, O_PROTO, 0, proto);
2532 	return cmd;
2533 }
2534 
2535 static ipfw_insn *
2536 add_srcip(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2537 {
2538 	fill_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd, av);
2539 	if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_SET)			/* set */
2540 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_SET;
2541 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))		/* me */
2542 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_ME;
2543 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))	/* one IP */
2544 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC;
2545 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_ip))	/* addr/mask */
2546 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_MASK;
2547 	return cmd;
2548 }
2549 
2550 static ipfw_insn *
2551 add_dstip(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2552 {
2553 	fill_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd, av);
2554 	if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_SET)			/* set */
2555 		;
2556 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))		/* me */
2557 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST_ME;
2558 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))	/* one IP */
2559 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST;
2560 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_ip))	/* addr/mask */
2561 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST_MASK;
2562 	return cmd;
2563 }
2564 
2565 static ipfw_insn *
2566 add_ports(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av, u_char proto, int opcode)
2567 {
2568 	if (!strncmp(av, "any", strlen(av))) {
2569 		return NULL;
2570 	} else if (fill_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, av, proto)) {
2571 		/* XXX todo: check that we have a protocol with ports */
2572 		cmd->opcode = opcode;
2573 		return cmd;
2574 	}
2575 	return NULL;
2576 }
2577 
2578 /*
2579  * Parse arguments and assemble the microinstructions which make up a rule.
2580  * Rules are added into the 'rulebuf' and then copied in the correct order
2581  * into the actual rule.
2582  *
2583  * The syntax for a rule starts with the action, followed by an
2584  * optional log action, and the various match patterns.
2585  * In the assembled microcode, the first opcode must be an O_PROBE_STATE
2586  * (generated if the rule includes a keep-state option), then the
2587  * various match patterns, the "log" action, and the actual action.
2588  *
2589  */
2590 static void
2591 add(int ac, char *av[])
2592 {
2593 	/*
2594 	 * rules are added into the 'rulebuf' and then copied in
2595 	 * the correct order into the actual rule.
2596 	 * Some things that need to go out of order (prob, action etc.)
2597 	 * go into actbuf[].
2598 	 */
2599 	static u_int32_t rulebuf[255], actbuf[255], cmdbuf[255];
2600 
2601 	ipfw_insn *src, *dst, *cmd, *action, *prev;
2602 	ipfw_insn *first_cmd;	/* first match pattern */
2603 
2604 	struct ip_fw *rule;
2605 
2606 	/*
2607 	 * various flags used to record that we entered some fields.
2608 	 */
2609 	ipfw_insn *have_state = NULL;	/* check-state or keep-state */
2610 
2611 	int i;
2612 
2613 	int open_par = 0;	/* open parenthesis ( */
2614 
2615 	/* proto is here because it is used to fetch ports */
2616 	u_char proto = IPPROTO_IP;	/* default protocol */
2617 
2618 	double match_prob = 1; /* match probability, default is always match */
2619 
2620 	bzero(actbuf, sizeof(actbuf));		/* actions go here */
2621 	bzero(cmdbuf, sizeof(cmdbuf));
2622 	bzero(rulebuf, sizeof(rulebuf));
2623 
2624 	rule = (struct ip_fw *)rulebuf;
2625 	cmd = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf;
2626 	action = (ipfw_insn *)actbuf;
2627 
2628 	av++; ac--;
2629 
2630 	/* [rule N]	-- Rule number optional */
2631 	if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
2632 		rule->rulenum = atoi(*av);
2633 		av++;
2634 		ac--;
2635 	}
2636 
2637 	/* [set N]	-- set number (0..30), optional */
2638 	if (ac > 1 && !strncmp(*av, "set", strlen(*av))) {
2639 		int set = strtoul(av[1], NULL, 10);
2640 		if (set < 0 || set > 30)
2641 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal set %s", av[1]);
2642 		rule->set = set;
2643 		av += 2; ac -= 2;
2644 	}
2645 
2646 	/* [prob D]	-- match probability, optional */
2647 	if (ac > 1 && !strncmp(*av, "prob", strlen(*av))) {
2648 		match_prob = strtod(av[1], NULL);
2649 
2650 		if (match_prob <= 0 || match_prob > 1)
2651 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal match prob. %s", av[1]);
2652 		av += 2; ac -= 2;
2653 	}
2654 
2655 	/* action	-- mandatory */
2656 	NEED1("missing action");
2657 	i = match_token(rule_actions, *av);
2658 	ac--; av++;
2659 	action->len = 1;	/* default */
2660 	switch(i) {
2661 	case TOK_CHECKSTATE:
2662 		have_state = action;
2663 		action->opcode = O_CHECK_STATE;
2664 		break;
2665 
2666 	case TOK_ACCEPT:
2667 		action->opcode = O_ACCEPT;
2668 		break;
2669 
2670 	case TOK_DENY:
2671 		action->opcode = O_DENY;
2672 		action->arg1 = 0;
2673 		break;
2674 
2675 	case TOK_REJECT:
2676 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
2677 		action->arg1 = ICMP_UNREACH_HOST;
2678 		break;
2679 
2680 	case TOK_RESET:
2681 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
2682 		action->arg1 = ICMP_REJECT_RST;
2683 		break;
2684 
2685 	case TOK_UNREACH:
2686 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
2687 		NEED1("missing reject code");
2688 		fill_reject_code(&action->arg1, *av);
2689 		ac--; av++;
2690 		break;
2691 
2692 	case TOK_COUNT:
2693 		action->opcode = O_COUNT;
2694 		break;
2695 
2696 	case TOK_QUEUE:
2697 	case TOK_PIPE:
2698 		action->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_pipe);
2699 	case TOK_SKIPTO:
2700 		if (i == TOK_QUEUE)
2701 			action->opcode = O_QUEUE;
2702 		else if (i == TOK_PIPE)
2703 			action->opcode = O_PIPE;
2704 		else if (i == TOK_SKIPTO)
2705 			action->opcode = O_SKIPTO;
2706 		NEED1("missing skipto/pipe/queue number");
2707 		action->arg1 = strtoul(*av, NULL, 10);
2708 		av++; ac--;
2709 		break;
2710 
2711 	case TOK_DIVERT:
2712 	case TOK_TEE:
2713 		action->opcode = (i == TOK_DIVERT) ? O_DIVERT : O_TEE;
2714 		NEED1("missing divert/tee port");
2715 		action->arg1 = strtoul(*av, NULL, 0);
2716 		if (action->arg1 == 0) {
2717 			struct servent *s;
2718 			setservent(1);
2719 			s = getservbyname(av[0], "divert");
2720 			if (s != NULL)
2721 				action->arg1 = ntohs(s->s_port);
2722 			else
2723 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal divert/tee port");
2724 		}
2725 		ac--; av++;
2726 		break;
2727 
2728 	case TOK_FORWARD: {
2729 		ipfw_insn_sa *p = (ipfw_insn_sa *)action;
2730 		char *s, *end;
2731 
2732 		NEED1("missing forward address[:port]");
2733 
2734 		action->opcode = O_FORWARD_IP;
2735 		action->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_sa);
2736 
2737 		p->sa.sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
2738 		p->sa.sin_family = AF_INET;
2739 		p->sa.sin_port = 0;
2740 		/*
2741 		 * locate the address-port separator (':' or ',')
2742 		 */
2743 		s = strchr(*av, ':');
2744 		if (s == NULL)
2745 			s = strchr(*av, ',');
2746 		if (s != NULL) {
2747 			*(s++) = '\0';
2748 			i = strtoport(s, &end, 0 /* base */, 0 /* proto */);
2749 			if (s == end)
2750 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
2751 				    "illegal forwarding port ``%s''", s);
2752 			p->sa.sin_port = (u_short)i;
2753 		}
2754 		lookup_host(*av, &(p->sa.sin_addr));
2755 		}
2756 		ac--; av++;
2757 		break;
2758 
2759 	default:
2760 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid action %s\n", av[-1]);
2761 	}
2762 	action = next_cmd(action);
2763 
2764 	/*
2765 	 * [log [logamount N]]	-- log, optional
2766 	 *
2767 	 * If exists, it goes first in the cmdbuf, but then it is
2768 	 * skipped in the copy section to the end of the buffer.
2769 	 */
2770 	if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "log", strlen(*av))) {
2771 		ipfw_insn_log *c = (ipfw_insn_log *)cmd;
2772 
2773 		cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_log);
2774 		cmd->opcode = O_LOG;
2775 		av++; ac--;
2776 		if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "logamount", strlen(*av))) {
2777 			ac--; av++;
2778 			NEED1("logamount requires argument");
2779 			c->max_log = atoi(*av);
2780 			if (c->max_log < 0)
2781 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "logamount must be positive");
2782 			ac--; av++;
2783 		}
2784 		cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2785 	}
2786 
2787 	if (have_state)	/* must be a check-state, we are done */
2788 		goto done;
2789 
2790 #define OR_START(target)					\
2791 	if (ac && (*av[0] == '(' || *av[0] == '{')) {		\
2792 		if (open_par)					\
2793 			errx(EX_USAGE, "nested \"(\" not allowed\n"); \
2794 		prev = NULL;					\
2795 		open_par = 1;					\
2796 		if ( (av[0])[1] == '\0') {			\
2797 			ac--; av++;				\
2798 		} else						\
2799 			(*av)++;				\
2800 	}							\
2801 	target:							\
2802 
2803 
2804 #define	CLOSE_PAR						\
2805 	if (open_par) {						\
2806 		if (ac && (					\
2807 		    !strncmp(*av, ")", strlen(*av)) ||		\
2808 		    !strncmp(*av, "}", strlen(*av)) )) {	\
2809 			prev = NULL;				\
2810 			open_par = 0;				\
2811 			ac--; av++;				\
2812 		} else						\
2813 			errx(EX_USAGE, "missing \")\"\n");	\
2814 	}
2815 
2816 #define NOT_BLOCK						\
2817 	if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "not", strlen(*av))) {		\
2818 		if (cmd->len & F_NOT)				\
2819 			errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n"); \
2820 		cmd->len |= F_NOT;				\
2821 		ac--; av++;					\
2822 	}
2823 
2824 #define OR_BLOCK(target)					\
2825 	if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "or", strlen(*av))) {		\
2826 		if (prev == NULL || open_par == 0)		\
2827 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid OR block");	\
2828 		prev->len |= F_OR;				\
2829 		ac--; av++;					\
2830 		goto target;					\
2831 	}							\
2832 	CLOSE_PAR;
2833 
2834 	first_cmd = cmd;
2835 
2836 #if 0
2837 	/*
2838 	 * MAC addresses, optional.
2839 	 * If we have this, we skip the part "proto from src to dst"
2840 	 * and jump straight to the option parsing.
2841 	 */
2842 	NOT_BLOCK;
2843 	NEED1("missing protocol");
2844 	if (!strncmp(*av, "MAC", strlen(*av)) ||
2845 	    !strncmp(*av, "mac", strlen(*av))) {
2846 		ac--; av++;	/* the "MAC" keyword */
2847 		add_mac(cmd, ac, av); /* exits in case of errors */
2848 		cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2849 		ac -= 2; av += 2;	/* dst-mac and src-mac */
2850 		NOT_BLOCK;
2851 		NEED1("missing mac type");
2852 		if (add_mactype(cmd, ac, av[0]))
2853 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2854 		ac--; av++;	/* any or mac-type */
2855 		goto read_options;
2856 	}
2857 #endif
2858 
2859 	/*
2860 	 * protocol, mandatory
2861 	 */
2862     OR_START(get_proto);
2863 	NOT_BLOCK;
2864 	NEED1("missing protocol");
2865 	if (add_proto(cmd, *av)) {
2866 		av++; ac--;
2867 		if (F_LEN(cmd) == 0)	/* plain IP */
2868 			proto = 0;
2869 		else {
2870 			proto = cmd->arg1;
2871 			prev = cmd;
2872 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2873 		}
2874 	} else if (first_cmd != cmd) {
2875 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid protocol ``%s''", *av);
2876 	} else
2877 		goto read_options;
2878     OR_BLOCK(get_proto);
2879 
2880 	/*
2881 	 * "from", mandatory
2882 	 */
2883 	if (!ac || strncmp(*av, "from", strlen(*av)))
2884 		errx(EX_USAGE, "missing ``from''");
2885 	ac--; av++;
2886 
2887 	/*
2888 	 * source IP, mandatory
2889 	 */
2890     OR_START(source_ip);
2891 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2892 	NEED1("missing source address");
2893 	if (add_srcip(cmd, *av)) {
2894 		ac--; av++;
2895 		if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0) {	/* ! any */
2896 			prev = cmd;
2897 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2898 		}
2899 	}
2900     OR_BLOCK(source_ip);
2901 
2902 	/*
2903 	 * source ports, optional
2904 	 */
2905 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2906 	if (ac) {
2907 		if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
2908 		    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_SRCPORT)) {
2909 			ac--; av++;
2910 			if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0)
2911 				cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2912 		}
2913 	}
2914 
2915 	/*
2916 	 * "to", mandatory
2917 	 */
2918 	if (!ac || strncmp(*av, "to", strlen(*av)))
2919 		errx(EX_USAGE, "missing ``to''");
2920 	av++; ac--;
2921 
2922 	/*
2923 	 * destination, mandatory
2924 	 */
2925     OR_START(dest_ip);
2926 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2927 	NEED1("missing dst address");
2928 	if (add_dstip(cmd, *av)) {
2929 		ac--; av++;
2930 		if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0) {	/* ! any */
2931 			prev = cmd;
2932 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2933 		}
2934 	}
2935     OR_BLOCK(dest_ip);
2936 
2937 	/*
2938 	 * dest. ports, optional
2939 	 */
2940 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2941 	if (ac) {
2942 		if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
2943 		    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_DSTPORT)) {
2944 			ac--; av++;
2945 			if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0)
2946 				cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2947 		}
2948 	}
2949 
2950 read_options:
2951 	if (ac && first_cmd == cmd) {
2952 		/*
2953 		 * nothing specified so far, store in the rule to ease
2954 		 * printout later.
2955 		 */
2956 		 rule->_pad = 1;
2957 	}
2958 	prev = NULL;
2959 	while (ac) {
2960 		char *s;
2961 		ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd32;	/* alias for cmd */
2962 
2963 		s = *av;
2964 		cmd32 = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
2965 
2966 		if (*s == '!') {	/* alternate syntax for NOT */
2967 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
2968 				errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n");
2969 			cmd->len = F_NOT;
2970 			s++;
2971 		}
2972 		i = match_token(rule_options, s);
2973 		ac--; av++;
2974 		switch(i) {
2975 		case TOK_NOT:
2976 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
2977 				errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n");
2978 			cmd->len = F_NOT;
2979 			break;
2980 
2981 		case TOK_OR:
2982 			if (open_par == 0 || prev == NULL)
2983 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid \"or\" block\n");
2984 			prev->len |= F_OR;
2985 			break;
2986 
2987 		case TOK_STARTBRACE:
2988 			if (open_par)
2989 				errx(EX_USAGE, "+nested \"(\" not allowed\n");
2990 			open_par = 1;
2991 			break;
2992 
2993 		case TOK_ENDBRACE:
2994 			if (!open_par)
2995 				errx(EX_USAGE, "+missing \")\"\n");
2996 			open_par = 0;
2997 			prev = NULL;
2998         		break;
2999 
3000 		case TOK_IN:
3001 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IN, 0, 0);
3002 			break;
3003 
3004 		case TOK_OUT:
3005 			cmd->len ^= F_NOT; /* toggle F_NOT */
3006 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IN, 0, 0);
3007 			break;
3008 
3009 		case TOK_FRAG:
3010 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_FRAG, 0, 0);
3011 			break;
3012 
3013 		case TOK_LAYER2:
3014 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_LAYER2, 0, 0);
3015 			break;
3016 
3017 		case TOK_XMIT:
3018 		case TOK_RECV:
3019 		case TOK_VIA:
3020 			NEED1("recv, xmit, via require interface name"
3021 				" or address");
3022 			fill_iface((ipfw_insn_if *)cmd, av[0]);
3023 			ac--; av++;
3024 			if (F_LEN(cmd) == 0)	/* not a valid address */
3025 				break;
3026 			if (i == TOK_XMIT)
3027 				cmd->opcode = O_XMIT;
3028 			else if (i == TOK_RECV)
3029 				cmd->opcode = O_RECV;
3030 			else if (i == TOK_VIA)
3031 				cmd->opcode = O_VIA;
3032 			break;
3033 
3034 		case TOK_ICMPTYPES:
3035 			NEED1("icmptypes requires list of types");
3036 			fill_icmptypes((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd, *av);
3037 			av++; ac--;
3038 			break;
3039 
3040 		case TOK_IPTTL:
3041 			NEED1("ipttl requires TTL");
3042 			if (strpbrk(*av, "-,")) {
3043 			    if (!add_ports(cmd, *av, 0, O_IPTTL))
3044 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid ipttl %s", *av);
3045 			} else
3046 			    fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPTTL, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3047 			ac--; av++;
3048 			break;
3049 
3050 		case TOK_IPID:
3051 			NEED1("ipid requires id");
3052 			if (strpbrk(*av, "-,")) {
3053 			    if (!add_ports(cmd, *av, 0, O_IPID))
3054 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid ipid %s", *av);
3055 			} else
3056 			    fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPID, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3057 			ac--; av++;
3058 			break;
3059 
3060 		case TOK_IPLEN:
3061 			NEED1("iplen requires length");
3062 			if (strpbrk(*av, "-,")) {
3063 			    if (!add_ports(cmd, *av, 0, O_IPLEN))
3064 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid ip len %s", *av);
3065 			} else
3066 			    fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPLEN, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3067 			ac--; av++;
3068 			break;
3069 
3070 		case TOK_IPVER:
3071 			NEED1("ipver requires version");
3072 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPVER, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3073 			ac--; av++;
3074 			break;
3075 
3076 		case TOK_IPPRECEDENCE:
3077 			NEED1("ipprecedence requires value");
3078 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPPRECEDENCE, 0,
3079 			    (strtoul(*av, NULL, 0) & 7) << 5);
3080 			ac--; av++;
3081 			break;
3082 
3083 		case TOK_IPOPTS:
3084 			NEED1("missing argument for ipoptions");
3085 			fill_flags(cmd, O_IPOPT, f_ipopts, *av);
3086 			ac--; av++;
3087 			break;
3088 
3089 		case TOK_IPTOS:
3090 			NEED1("missing argument for iptos");
3091 			fill_flags(cmd, O_IPTOS, f_iptos, *av);
3092 			ac--; av++;
3093 			break;
3094 
3095 		case TOK_UID:
3096 			NEED1("uid requires argument");
3097 		    {
3098 			char *end;
3099 			uid_t uid;
3100 			struct passwd *pwd;
3101 
3102 			cmd->opcode = O_UID;
3103 			uid = strtoul(*av, &end, 0);
3104 			pwd = (*end == '\0') ? getpwuid(uid) : getpwnam(*av);
3105 			if (pwd == NULL)
3106 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "uid \"%s\" nonexistent", *av);
3107 			cmd32->d[0] = pwd->pw_uid;
3108 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3109 			ac--; av++;
3110 		    }
3111 			break;
3112 
3113 		case TOK_GID:
3114 			NEED1("gid requires argument");
3115 		    {
3116 			char *end;
3117 			gid_t gid;
3118 			struct group *grp;
3119 
3120 			cmd->opcode = O_GID;
3121 			gid = strtoul(*av, &end, 0);
3122 			grp = (*end == '\0') ? getgrgid(gid) : getgrnam(*av);
3123 			if (grp == NULL)
3124 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "gid \"%s\" nonexistent", *av);
3125 			cmd32->d[0] = grp->gr_gid;
3126 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3127 			ac--; av++;
3128 		    }
3129 			break;
3130 
3131 		case TOK_ESTAB:
3132 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_ESTAB, 0, 0);
3133 			break;
3134 
3135 		case TOK_SETUP:
3136 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_TCPFLAGS, 0,
3137 				(TH_SYN) | ( (TH_ACK) & 0xff) <<8 );
3138 			break;
3139 
3140 		case TOK_TCPOPTS:
3141 			NEED1("missing argument for tcpoptions");
3142 			fill_flags(cmd, O_TCPOPTS, f_tcpopts, *av);
3143 			ac--; av++;
3144 			break;
3145 
3146 		case TOK_TCPSEQ:
3147 		case TOK_TCPACK:
3148 			NEED1("tcpseq/tcpack requires argument");
3149 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3150 			cmd->opcode = (i == TOK_TCPSEQ) ? O_TCPSEQ : O_TCPACK;
3151 			cmd32->d[0] = htonl(strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3152 			ac--; av++;
3153 			break;
3154 
3155 		case TOK_TCPWIN:
3156 			NEED1("tcpwin requires length");
3157 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_TCPWIN, 0,
3158 			    htons(strtoul(*av, NULL, 0)));
3159 			ac--; av++;
3160 			break;
3161 
3162 		case TOK_TCPFLAGS:
3163 			NEED1("missing argument for tcpflags");
3164 			cmd->opcode = O_TCPFLAGS;
3165 			fill_flags(cmd, O_TCPFLAGS, f_tcpflags, *av);
3166 			ac--; av++;
3167 			break;
3168 
3169 		case TOK_KEEPSTATE:
3170 			if (open_par)
3171 				errx(EX_USAGE, "keep-state cannot be part "
3172 				    "of an or block");
3173 			if (have_state)
3174 				errx(EX_USAGE, "only one of keep-state "
3175 					"and limit is allowed");
3176 			have_state = cmd;
3177 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_KEEP_STATE, 0, 0);
3178 			break;
3179 
3180 		case TOK_LIMIT:
3181 			if (open_par)
3182 				errx(EX_USAGE, "limit cannot be part "
3183 				    "of an or block");
3184 			if (have_state)
3185 				errx(EX_USAGE, "only one of keep-state "
3186 					"and limit is allowed");
3187 			NEED1("limit needs mask and # of connections");
3188 			have_state = cmd;
3189 		    {
3190 			ipfw_insn_limit *c = (ipfw_insn_limit *)cmd;
3191 
3192 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_limit);
3193 			cmd->opcode = O_LIMIT;
3194 			c->limit_mask = 0;
3195 			c->conn_limit = 0;
3196 			for (; ac >1 ;) {
3197 				int val;
3198 
3199 				val = match_token(limit_masks, *av);
3200 				if (val <= 0)
3201 					break;
3202 				c->limit_mask |= val;
3203 				ac--; av++;
3204 			}
3205 			c->conn_limit = atoi(*av);
3206 			if (c->conn_limit == 0)
3207 				errx(EX_USAGE, "limit: limit must be >0");
3208 			if (c->limit_mask == 0)
3209 				errx(EX_USAGE, "missing limit mask");
3210 			ac--; av++;
3211 		    }
3212 			break;
3213 
3214 		case TOK_PROTO:
3215 			NEED1("missing protocol");
3216 			if (add_proto(cmd, *av)) {
3217 				proto = cmd->arg1;
3218 				ac--; av++;
3219 			} else
3220 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid protocol ``%s''",
3221 				    *av);
3222 			break;
3223 
3224 		case TOK_SRCIP:
3225 			NEED1("missing source IP");
3226 			if (add_srcip(cmd, *av)) {
3227 				ac--; av++;
3228 			}
3229 			break;
3230 
3231 		case TOK_DSTIP:
3232 			NEED1("missing destination IP");
3233 			if (add_dstip(cmd, *av)) {
3234 				ac--; av++;
3235 			}
3236 			break;
3237 
3238 		case TOK_SRCPORT:
3239 			NEED1("missing source port");
3240 			if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
3241 			    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_SRCPORT)) {
3242 				ac--; av++;
3243 			} else
3244 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid source port %s", *av);
3245 			break;
3246 
3247 		case TOK_DSTPORT:
3248 			NEED1("missing destination port");
3249 			if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
3250 			    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_DSTPORT)) {
3251 				ac--; av++;
3252 			} else
3253 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid destination port %s",
3254 				    *av);
3255 			break;
3256 
3257 		case TOK_MAC:
3258 			if (ac < 2)
3259 				errx(EX_USAGE, "MAC dst-mac src-mac");
3260 			if (add_mac(cmd, ac, av)) {
3261 				ac -= 2; av += 2;
3262 			}
3263 			break;
3264 
3265 		case TOK_MACTYPE:
3266 			NEED1("missing mac type");
3267 			if (!add_mactype(cmd, ac, *av))
3268 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid mac type %s", *av);
3269 			ac--; av++;
3270 			break;
3271 
3272 		case TOK_VERREVPATH:
3273 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_VERREVPATH, 0, 0);
3274 			break;
3275 
3276 		default:
3277 			errx(EX_USAGE, "unrecognised option [%d] %s\n", i, s);
3278 		}
3279 		if (F_LEN(cmd) > 0) {	/* prepare to advance */
3280 			prev = cmd;
3281 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3282 		}
3283 	}
3284 
3285 done:
3286 	/*
3287 	 * Now copy stuff into the rule.
3288 	 * If we have a keep-state option, the first instruction
3289 	 * must be a PROBE_STATE (which is generated here).
3290 	 * If we have a LOG option, it was stored as the first command,
3291 	 * and now must be moved to the top of the action part.
3292 	 */
3293 	dst = (ipfw_insn *)rule->cmd;
3294 
3295 	/*
3296 	 * First thing to write into the command stream is the match probability.
3297 	 */
3298 	if (match_prob != 1) { /* 1 means always match */
3299 		dst->opcode = O_PROB;
3300 		dst->len = 2;
3301 		*((int32_t *)(dst+1)) = (int32_t)(match_prob * 0x7fffffff);
3302 		dst += dst->len;
3303 	}
3304 
3305 	/*
3306 	 * generate O_PROBE_STATE if necessary
3307 	 */
3308 	if (have_state && have_state->opcode != O_CHECK_STATE) {
3309 		fill_cmd(dst, O_PROBE_STATE, 0, 0);
3310 		dst = next_cmd(dst);
3311 	}
3312 	/*
3313 	 * copy all commands but O_LOG, O_KEEP_STATE, O_LIMIT
3314 	 */
3315 	for (src = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf; src != cmd; src += i) {
3316 		i = F_LEN(src);
3317 
3318 		switch (src->opcode) {
3319 		case O_LOG:
3320 		case O_KEEP_STATE:
3321 		case O_LIMIT:
3322 			break;
3323 		default:
3324 			bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3325 			dst += i;
3326 		}
3327 	}
3328 
3329 	/*
3330 	 * put back the have_state command as last opcode
3331 	 */
3332 	if (have_state && have_state->opcode != O_CHECK_STATE) {
3333 		i = F_LEN(have_state);
3334 		bcopy(have_state, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3335 		dst += i;
3336 	}
3337 	/*
3338 	 * start action section
3339 	 */
3340 	rule->act_ofs = dst - rule->cmd;
3341 
3342 	/*
3343 	 * put back O_LOG if necessary
3344 	 */
3345 	src = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf;
3346 	if ( src->opcode == O_LOG ) {
3347 		i = F_LEN(src);
3348 		bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3349 		dst += i;
3350 	}
3351 	/*
3352 	 * copy all other actions
3353 	 */
3354 	for (src = (ipfw_insn *)actbuf; src != action; src += i) {
3355 		i = F_LEN(src);
3356 		bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3357 		dst += i;
3358 	}
3359 
3360 	rule->cmd_len = (u_int32_t *)dst - (u_int32_t *)(rule->cmd);
3361 	i = (void *)dst - (void *)rule;
3362 	if (getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_ADD, rule, &i) == -1)
3363 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "getsockopt(%s)", "IP_FW_ADD");
3364 	if (!do_quiet)
3365 		show_ipfw(rule, 10, 10);
3366 }
3367 
3368 static void
3369 zero(int ac, char *av[])
3370 {
3371 	int rulenum;
3372 	int failed = EX_OK;
3373 
3374 	av++; ac--;
3375 
3376 	if (!ac) {
3377 		/* clear all entries */
3378 		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_ZERO, NULL, 0) < 0)
3379 			err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(%s)", "IP_FW_ZERO");
3380 		if (!do_quiet)
3381 			printf("Accounting cleared.\n");
3382 
3383 		return;
3384 	}
3385 
3386 	while (ac) {
3387 		/* Rule number */
3388 		if (isdigit(**av)) {
3389 			rulenum = atoi(*av);
3390 			av++;
3391 			ac--;
3392 			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP,
3393 			    IP_FW_ZERO, &rulenum, sizeof rulenum)) {
3394 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_ZERO)",
3395 				    rulenum);
3396 				failed = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
3397 			} else if (!do_quiet)
3398 				printf("Entry %d cleared\n", rulenum);
3399 		} else {
3400 			errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid rule number ``%s''", *av);
3401 		}
3402 	}
3403 	if (failed != EX_OK)
3404 		exit(failed);
3405 }
3406 
3407 static void
3408 resetlog(int ac, char *av[])
3409 {
3410 	int rulenum;
3411 	int failed = EX_OK;
3412 
3413 	av++; ac--;
3414 
3415 	if (!ac) {
3416 		/* clear all entries */
3417 		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_RESETLOG, NULL, 0) < 0)
3418 			err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(IP_FW_RESETLOG)");
3419 		if (!do_quiet)
3420 			printf("Logging counts reset.\n");
3421 
3422 		return;
3423 	}
3424 
3425 	while (ac) {
3426 		/* Rule number */
3427 		if (isdigit(**av)) {
3428 			rulenum = atoi(*av);
3429 			av++;
3430 			ac--;
3431 			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP,
3432 			    IP_FW_RESETLOG, &rulenum, sizeof rulenum)) {
3433 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_RESETLOG)",
3434 				    rulenum);
3435 				failed = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
3436 			} else if (!do_quiet)
3437 				printf("Entry %d logging count reset\n",
3438 				    rulenum);
3439 		} else {
3440 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid rule number ``%s''", *av);
3441 		}
3442 	}
3443 	if (failed != EX_OK)
3444 		exit(failed);
3445 }
3446 
3447 static void
3448 flush()
3449 {
3450 	int cmd = do_pipe ? IP_DUMMYNET_FLUSH : IP_FW_FLUSH;
3451 
3452 	if (!do_force && !do_quiet) { /* need to ask user */
3453 		int c;
3454 
3455 		printf("Are you sure? [yn] ");
3456 		fflush(stdout);
3457 		do {
3458 			c = toupper(getc(stdin));
3459 			while (c != '\n' && getc(stdin) != '\n')
3460 				if (feof(stdin))
3461 					return; /* and do not flush */
3462 		} while (c != 'Y' && c != 'N');
3463 		printf("\n");
3464 		if (c == 'N')	/* user said no */
3465 			return;
3466 	}
3467 	if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, cmd, NULL, 0) < 0)
3468 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(IP_%s_FLUSH)",
3469 		    do_pipe ? "DUMMYNET" : "FW");
3470 	if (!do_quiet)
3471 		printf("Flushed all %s.\n", do_pipe ? "pipes" : "rules");
3472 }
3473 
3474 static int
3475 ipfw_main(int ac, char **av)
3476 {
3477 	int ch;
3478 
3479 	if (ac == 1)
3480 		show_usage();
3481 
3482 	/* Set the force flag for non-interactive processes */
3483 	do_force = !isatty(STDIN_FILENO);
3484 
3485 	optind = optreset = 1;
3486 	while ((ch = getopt(ac, av, "hs:acdefNqStv")) != -1)
3487 		switch (ch) {
3488 		case 'h': /* help */
3489 			help();
3490 			break;	/* NOTREACHED */
3491 
3492 		case 's': /* sort */
3493 			do_sort = atoi(optarg);
3494 			break;
3495 		case 'a':
3496 			do_acct = 1;
3497 			break;
3498 		case 'c':
3499 			do_compact = 1;
3500 			break;
3501 		case 'd':
3502 			do_dynamic = 1;
3503 			break;
3504 		case 'e':
3505 			do_expired = 1;
3506 			break;
3507 		case 'f':
3508 			do_force = 1;
3509 			break;
3510 		case 'N':
3511 			do_resolv = 1;
3512 			break;
3513 		case 'q':
3514 			do_quiet = 1;
3515 			break;
3516 		case 'S':
3517 			show_sets = 1;
3518 			break;
3519 		case 't':
3520 			do_time = 1;
3521 			break;
3522 		case 'v': /* verbose */
3523 			verbose++;
3524 			break;
3525 		default:
3526 			show_usage();
3527 		}
3528 
3529 	ac -= optind;
3530 	av += optind;
3531 	NEED1("bad arguments, for usage summary ``ipfw''");
3532 
3533 	/*
3534 	 * optional: pipe or queue
3535 	 */
3536 	if (!strncmp(*av, "pipe", strlen(*av))) {
3537 		do_pipe = 1;
3538 		ac--;
3539 		av++;
3540 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "queue", strlen(*av))) {
3541 		do_pipe = 2;
3542 		ac--;
3543 		av++;
3544 	}
3545 	NEED1("missing command");
3546 
3547 	/*
3548 	 * for pipes and queues we normally say 'pipe NN config'
3549 	 * but the code is easier to parse as 'pipe config NN'
3550 	 * so we swap the two arguments.
3551 	 */
3552 	if (do_pipe > 0 && ac > 1 && *av[0] >= '0' && *av[0] <= '9') {
3553 		char *p = av[0];
3554 		av[0] = av[1];
3555 		av[1] = p;
3556 	}
3557 	if (!strncmp(*av, "add", strlen(*av)))
3558 		add(ac, av);
3559 	else if (do_pipe && !strncmp(*av, "config", strlen(*av)))
3560 		config_pipe(ac, av);
3561 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "delete", strlen(*av)))
3562 		delete(ac, av);
3563 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "flush", strlen(*av)))
3564 		flush();
3565 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "zero", strlen(*av)))
3566 		zero(ac, av);
3567 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "resetlog", strlen(*av)))
3568 		resetlog(ac, av);
3569 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "print", strlen(*av)) ||
3570 	         !strncmp(*av, "list", strlen(*av)))
3571 		list(ac, av);
3572 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "set", strlen(*av)))
3573 		sets_handler(ac, av);
3574 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "enable", strlen(*av)))
3575 		sysctl_handler(ac, av, 1);
3576 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "disable", strlen(*av)))
3577 		sysctl_handler(ac, av, 0);
3578 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "show", strlen(*av))) {
3579 		do_acct++;
3580 		list(ac, av);
3581 	} else
3582 		errx(EX_USAGE, "bad command `%s'", *av);
3583 	return 0;
3584 }
3585 
3586 
3587 static void
3588 ipfw_readfile(int ac, char *av[])
3589 {
3590 #define MAX_ARGS	32
3591 #define WHITESP		" \t\f\v\n\r"
3592 	char	buf[BUFSIZ];
3593 	char	*a, *p, *args[MAX_ARGS], *cmd = NULL;
3594 	char	linename[10];
3595 	int	i=0, lineno=0, qflag=0, pflag=0, status;
3596 	FILE	*f = NULL;
3597 	pid_t	preproc = 0;
3598 	int	c;
3599 
3600 	while ((c = getopt(ac, av, "p:q")) != -1) {
3601 		switch(c) {
3602 		case 'p':
3603 			pflag = 1;
3604 			cmd = optarg;
3605 			args[0] = cmd;
3606 			i = 1;
3607 			break;
3608 
3609 		case 'q':
3610 			qflag = 1;
3611 			break;
3612 
3613 		default:
3614 			errx(EX_USAGE, "bad arguments, for usage"
3615 			     " summary ``ipfw''");
3616 		}
3617 
3618 		if (pflag)
3619 			break;
3620 	}
3621 
3622 	if (pflag) {
3623 		/* Pass all but the last argument to the preprocessor. */
3624 		while (optind < ac - 1) {
3625 			if (i >= MAX_ARGS)
3626 				errx(EX_USAGE, "too many preprocessor options");
3627 			args[i++] = av[optind++];
3628 		}
3629 	}
3630 
3631 	av += optind;
3632 	ac -= optind;
3633 	if (ac != 1)
3634 		errx(EX_USAGE, "extraneous filename arguments");
3635 
3636 	if ((f = fopen(av[0], "r")) == NULL)
3637 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "fopen: %s", av[0]);
3638 
3639 	if (pflag) {
3640 		/* pipe through preprocessor (cpp or m4) */
3641 		int pipedes[2];
3642 
3643 		args[i] = 0;
3644 
3645 		if (pipe(pipedes) == -1)
3646 			err(EX_OSERR, "cannot create pipe");
3647 
3648 		switch((preproc = fork())) {
3649 		case -1:
3650 			err(EX_OSERR, "cannot fork");
3651 
3652 		case 0:
3653 			/* child */
3654 			if (dup2(fileno(f), 0) == -1
3655 			    || dup2(pipedes[1], 1) == -1)
3656 				err(EX_OSERR, "dup2()");
3657 			fclose(f);
3658 			close(pipedes[1]);
3659 			close(pipedes[0]);
3660 			execvp(cmd, args);
3661 			err(EX_OSERR, "execvp(%s) failed", cmd);
3662 
3663 		default:
3664 			/* parent */
3665 			fclose(f);
3666 			close(pipedes[1]);
3667 			if ((f = fdopen(pipedes[0], "r")) == NULL) {
3668 				int savederrno = errno;
3669 
3670 				(void)kill(preproc, SIGTERM);
3671 				errno = savederrno;
3672 				err(EX_OSERR, "fdopen()");
3673 			}
3674 		}
3675 	}
3676 
3677 	while (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, f)) {
3678 		lineno++;
3679 		sprintf(linename, "Line %d", lineno);
3680 		args[0] = linename;
3681 
3682 		if (*buf == '#')
3683 			continue;
3684 		if ((p = strchr(buf, '#')) != NULL)
3685 			*p = '\0';
3686 		i = 1;
3687 		if (qflag)
3688 			args[i++] = "-q";
3689 		for (a = strtok(buf, WHITESP);
3690 		    a && i < MAX_ARGS; a = strtok(NULL, WHITESP), i++)
3691 			args[i] = a;
3692 		if (i == (qflag? 2: 1))
3693 			continue;
3694 		if (i == MAX_ARGS)
3695 			errx(EX_USAGE, "%s: too many arguments",
3696 			    linename);
3697 		args[i] = NULL;
3698 
3699 		ipfw_main(i, args);
3700 	}
3701 	fclose(f);
3702 	if (pflag) {
3703 		if (waitpid(preproc, &status, 0) == -1)
3704 			errx(EX_OSERR, "waitpid()");
3705 		if (WIFEXITED(status) && WEXITSTATUS(status) != EX_OK)
3706 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
3707 			    "preprocessor exited with status %d",
3708 			    WEXITSTATUS(status));
3709 		else if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
3710 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
3711 			    "preprocessor exited with signal %d",
3712 			    WTERMSIG(status));
3713 	}
3714 }
3715 
3716 int
3717 main(int ac, char *av[])
3718 {
3719 	s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_RAW);
3720 	if (s < 0)
3721 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "socket");
3722 
3723 	/*
3724 	 * If the last argument is an absolute pathname, interpret it
3725 	 * as a file to be preprocessed.
3726 	 */
3727 
3728 	if (ac > 1 && av[ac - 1][0] == '/' && access(av[ac - 1], R_OK) == 0)
3729 		ipfw_readfile(ac, av);
3730 	else
3731 		ipfw_main(ac, av);
3732 	return EX_OK;
3733 }
3734