xref: /freebsd/sbin/ipfw/ipfw2.c (revision 729362425c09cf6b362366aabc6fb547eee8035a)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2002 Luigi Rizzo
3  * Copyright (c) 1996 Alex Nash, Paul Traina, Poul-Henning Kamp
4  * Copyright (c) 1994 Ugen J.S.Antsilevich
5  *
6  * Idea and grammar partially left from:
7  * Copyright (c) 1993 Daniel Boulet
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source forms, with and without modification,
10  * are permitted provided that this entire comment appears intact.
11  *
12  * Redistribution in binary form may occur without any restrictions.
13  * Obviously, it would be nice if you gave credit where credit is due
14  * but requiring it would be too onerous.
15  *
16  * This software is provided ``AS IS'' without any warranties of any kind.
17  *
18  * NEW command line interface for IP firewall facility
19  *
20  * $FreeBSD$
21  */
22 
23 #include <sys/param.h>
24 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
25 #include <sys/socket.h>
26 #include <sys/sockio.h>
27 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
28 #include <sys/time.h>
29 #include <sys/wait.h>
30 
31 #include <ctype.h>
32 #include <err.h>
33 #include <errno.h>
34 #include <grp.h>
35 #include <limits.h>
36 #include <netdb.h>
37 #include <pwd.h>
38 #include <signal.h>
39 #include <stdio.h>
40 #include <stdlib.h>
41 #include <stdarg.h>
42 #include <string.h>
43 #include <timeconv.h>
44 #include <unistd.h>
45 #include <sysexits.h>
46 
47 #include <net/if.h>
48 #include <netinet/in.h>
49 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
50 #include <netinet/ip.h>
51 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
52 #include <netinet/ip_fw.h>
53 #include <net/route.h> /* def. of struct route */
54 #include <netinet/ip_dummynet.h>
55 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
56 #include <arpa/inet.h>
57 
58 int		s,			/* main RAW socket */
59 		do_resolv,		/* Would try to resolve all */
60 		do_acct,		/* Show packet/byte count */
61 		do_time,		/* Show time stamps */
62 		do_quiet,		/* Be quiet in add and flush */
63 		do_force,		/* Don't ask for confirmation */
64 		do_pipe,		/* this cmd refers to a pipe */
65 		do_sort,		/* field to sort results (0 = no) */
66 		do_dynamic,		/* display dynamic rules */
67 		do_expired,		/* display expired dynamic rules */
68 		do_compact,		/* show rules in compact mode */
69 		show_sets,		/* display rule sets */
70 		verbose;
71 
72 #define	IP_MASK_ALL	0xffffffff
73 
74 /*
75  * structure to hold flag names and associated values to be
76  * set in the appropriate masks.
77  * A NULL string terminates the array.
78  * Often, an element with 0 value contains an error string.
79  *
80  */
81 struct _s_x {
82 	char *s;
83 	int x;
84 };
85 
86 static struct _s_x f_tcpflags[] = {
87 	{ "syn", TH_SYN },
88 	{ "fin", TH_FIN },
89 	{ "ack", TH_ACK },
90 	{ "psh", TH_PUSH },
91 	{ "rst", TH_RST },
92 	{ "urg", TH_URG },
93 	{ "tcp flag", 0 },
94 	{ NULL,	0 }
95 };
96 
97 static struct _s_x f_tcpopts[] = {
98 	{ "mss",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_MSS },
99 	{ "maxseg",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_MSS },
100 	{ "window",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_WINDOW },
101 	{ "sack",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_SACK },
102 	{ "ts",		IP_FW_TCPOPT_TS },
103 	{ "timestamp",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_TS },
104 	{ "cc",		IP_FW_TCPOPT_CC },
105 	{ "tcp option",	0 },
106 	{ NULL,	0 }
107 };
108 
109 /*
110  * IP options span the range 0 to 255 so we need to remap them
111  * (though in fact only the low 5 bits are significant).
112  */
113 static struct _s_x f_ipopts[] = {
114 	{ "ssrr",	IP_FW_IPOPT_SSRR},
115 	{ "lsrr",	IP_FW_IPOPT_LSRR},
116 	{ "rr",		IP_FW_IPOPT_RR},
117 	{ "ts",		IP_FW_IPOPT_TS},
118 	{ "ip option",	0 },
119 	{ NULL,	0 }
120 };
121 
122 static struct _s_x f_iptos[] = {
123 	{ "lowdelay",	IPTOS_LOWDELAY},
124 	{ "throughput",	IPTOS_THROUGHPUT},
125 	{ "reliability", IPTOS_RELIABILITY},
126 	{ "mincost",	IPTOS_MINCOST},
127 	{ "congestion",	IPTOS_CE},
128 	{ "ecntransport", IPTOS_ECT},
129 	{ "ip tos option", 0},
130 	{ NULL,	0 }
131 };
132 
133 static struct _s_x limit_masks[] = {
134 	{"all",		DYN_SRC_ADDR|DYN_SRC_PORT|DYN_DST_ADDR|DYN_DST_PORT},
135 	{"src-addr",	DYN_SRC_ADDR},
136 	{"src-port",	DYN_SRC_PORT},
137 	{"dst-addr",	DYN_DST_ADDR},
138 	{"dst-port",	DYN_DST_PORT},
139 	{NULL,		0}
140 };
141 
142 /*
143  * we use IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE as a fake protocol id to call the print routines
144  * This is only used in this code.
145  */
146 #define IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE	0x1000
147 static struct _s_x ether_types[] = {
148     /*
149      * Note, we cannot use "-:&/" in the names because they are field
150      * separators in the type specifications. Also, we use s = NULL as
151      * end-delimiter, because a type of 0 can be legal.
152      */
153 	{ "ip",		0x0800 },
154 	{ "ipv4",	0x0800 },
155 	{ "ipv6",	0x86dd },
156 	{ "arp",	0x0806 },
157 	{ "rarp",	0x8035 },
158 	{ "vlan",	0x8100 },
159 	{ "loop",	0x9000 },
160 	{ "trail",	0x1000 },
161 	{ "at",		0x809b },
162 	{ "atalk",	0x809b },
163 	{ "aarp",	0x80f3 },
164 	{ "pppoe_disc",	0x8863 },
165 	{ "pppoe_sess",	0x8864 },
166 	{ "ipx_8022",	0x00E0 },
167 	{ "ipx_8023",	0x0000 },
168 	{ "ipx_ii",	0x8137 },
169 	{ "ipx_snap",	0x8137 },
170 	{ "ipx",	0x8137 },
171 	{ "ns",		0x0600 },
172 	{ NULL,		0 }
173 };
174 
175 static void show_usage(void);
176 
177 enum tokens {
178 	TOK_NULL=0,
179 
180 	TOK_OR,
181 	TOK_NOT,
182 	TOK_STARTBRACE,
183 	TOK_ENDBRACE,
184 
185 	TOK_ACCEPT,
186 	TOK_COUNT,
187 	TOK_PIPE,
188 	TOK_QUEUE,
189 	TOK_DIVERT,
190 	TOK_TEE,
191 	TOK_FORWARD,
192 	TOK_SKIPTO,
193 	TOK_DENY,
194 	TOK_REJECT,
195 	TOK_RESET,
196 	TOK_UNREACH,
197 	TOK_CHECKSTATE,
198 
199 	TOK_UID,
200 	TOK_GID,
201 	TOK_IN,
202 	TOK_LIMIT,
203 	TOK_KEEPSTATE,
204 	TOK_LAYER2,
205 	TOK_OUT,
206 	TOK_XMIT,
207 	TOK_RECV,
208 	TOK_VIA,
209 	TOK_FRAG,
210 	TOK_IPOPTS,
211 	TOK_IPLEN,
212 	TOK_IPID,
213 	TOK_IPPRECEDENCE,
214 	TOK_IPTOS,
215 	TOK_IPTTL,
216 	TOK_IPVER,
217 	TOK_ESTAB,
218 	TOK_SETUP,
219 	TOK_TCPFLAGS,
220 	TOK_TCPOPTS,
221 	TOK_TCPSEQ,
222 	TOK_TCPACK,
223 	TOK_TCPWIN,
224 	TOK_ICMPTYPES,
225 	TOK_MAC,
226 	TOK_MACTYPE,
227 	TOK_VERREVPATH,
228 
229 	TOK_PLR,
230 	TOK_NOERROR,
231 	TOK_BUCKETS,
232 	TOK_DSTIP,
233 	TOK_SRCIP,
234 	TOK_DSTPORT,
235 	TOK_SRCPORT,
236 	TOK_ALL,
237 	TOK_MASK,
238 	TOK_BW,
239 	TOK_DELAY,
240 	TOK_RED,
241 	TOK_GRED,
242 	TOK_DROPTAIL,
243 	TOK_PROTO,
244 	TOK_WEIGHT,
245 };
246 
247 struct _s_x dummynet_params[] = {
248 	{ "plr",		TOK_PLR },
249 	{ "noerror",		TOK_NOERROR },
250 	{ "buckets",		TOK_BUCKETS },
251 	{ "dst-ip",		TOK_DSTIP },
252 	{ "src-ip",		TOK_SRCIP },
253 	{ "dst-port",		TOK_DSTPORT },
254 	{ "src-port",		TOK_SRCPORT },
255 	{ "proto",		TOK_PROTO },
256 	{ "weight",		TOK_WEIGHT },
257 	{ "all",		TOK_ALL },
258 	{ "mask",		TOK_MASK },
259 	{ "droptail",		TOK_DROPTAIL },
260 	{ "red",		TOK_RED },
261 	{ "gred",		TOK_GRED },
262 	{ "bw",			TOK_BW },
263 	{ "bandwidth",		TOK_BW },
264 	{ "delay",		TOK_DELAY },
265 	{ "pipe",		TOK_PIPE },
266 	{ "queue",		TOK_QUEUE },
267 	{ "dummynet-params",	TOK_NULL },
268 	{ NULL, 0 }
269 };
270 
271 struct _s_x rule_actions[] = {
272 	{ "accept",		TOK_ACCEPT },
273 	{ "pass",		TOK_ACCEPT },
274 	{ "allow",		TOK_ACCEPT },
275 	{ "permit",		TOK_ACCEPT },
276 	{ "count",		TOK_COUNT },
277 	{ "pipe",		TOK_PIPE },
278 	{ "queue",		TOK_QUEUE },
279 	{ "divert",		TOK_DIVERT },
280 	{ "tee",		TOK_TEE },
281 	{ "fwd",		TOK_FORWARD },
282 	{ "forward",		TOK_FORWARD },
283 	{ "skipto",		TOK_SKIPTO },
284 	{ "deny",		TOK_DENY },
285 	{ "drop",		TOK_DENY },
286 	{ "reject",		TOK_REJECT },
287 	{ "reset",		TOK_RESET },
288 	{ "unreach",		TOK_UNREACH },
289 	{ "check-state",	TOK_CHECKSTATE },
290 	{ NULL,			TOK_NULL },
291 	{ NULL, 0 }
292 };
293 
294 struct _s_x rule_options[] = {
295 	{ "uid",		TOK_UID },
296 	{ "gid",		TOK_GID },
297 	{ "in",			TOK_IN },
298 	{ "limit",		TOK_LIMIT },
299 	{ "keep-state",		TOK_KEEPSTATE },
300 	{ "bridged",		TOK_LAYER2 },
301 	{ "layer2",		TOK_LAYER2 },
302 	{ "out",		TOK_OUT },
303 	{ "xmit",		TOK_XMIT },
304 	{ "recv",		TOK_RECV },
305 	{ "via",		TOK_VIA },
306 	{ "fragment",		TOK_FRAG },
307 	{ "frag",		TOK_FRAG },
308 	{ "ipoptions",		TOK_IPOPTS },
309 	{ "ipopts",		TOK_IPOPTS },
310 	{ "iplen",		TOK_IPLEN },
311 	{ "ipid",		TOK_IPID },
312 	{ "ipprecedence",	TOK_IPPRECEDENCE },
313 	{ "iptos",		TOK_IPTOS },
314 	{ "ipttl",		TOK_IPTTL },
315 	{ "ipversion",		TOK_IPVER },
316 	{ "ipver",		TOK_IPVER },
317 	{ "estab",		TOK_ESTAB },
318 	{ "established",	TOK_ESTAB },
319 	{ "setup",		TOK_SETUP },
320 	{ "tcpflags",		TOK_TCPFLAGS },
321 	{ "tcpflgs",		TOK_TCPFLAGS },
322 	{ "tcpoptions",		TOK_TCPOPTS },
323 	{ "tcpopts",		TOK_TCPOPTS },
324 	{ "tcpseq",		TOK_TCPSEQ },
325 	{ "tcpack",		TOK_TCPACK },
326 	{ "tcpwin",		TOK_TCPWIN },
327 	{ "icmptype",		TOK_ICMPTYPES },
328 	{ "icmptypes",		TOK_ICMPTYPES },
329 	{ "dst-ip",		TOK_DSTIP },
330 	{ "src-ip",		TOK_SRCIP },
331 	{ "dst-port",		TOK_DSTPORT },
332 	{ "src-port",		TOK_SRCPORT },
333 	{ "proto",		TOK_PROTO },
334 	{ "MAC",		TOK_MAC },
335 	{ "mac",		TOK_MAC },
336 	{ "mac-type",		TOK_MACTYPE },
337 	{ "verrevpath",		TOK_VERREVPATH },
338 
339 	{ "not",		TOK_NOT },		/* pseudo option */
340 	{ "!", /* escape ? */	TOK_NOT },		/* pseudo option */
341 	{ "or",			TOK_OR },		/* pseudo option */
342 	{ "|", /* escape */	TOK_OR },		/* pseudo option */
343 	{ "{",			TOK_STARTBRACE },	/* pseudo option */
344 	{ "(",			TOK_STARTBRACE },	/* pseudo option */
345 	{ "}",			TOK_ENDBRACE },		/* pseudo option */
346 	{ ")",			TOK_ENDBRACE },		/* pseudo option */
347 	{ NULL,			TOK_NULL },
348 	{ NULL, 0 }
349 };
350 
351 /**
352  * match_token takes a table and a string, returns the value associated
353  * with the string (0 meaning an error in most cases)
354  */
355 static int
356 match_token(struct _s_x *table, char *string)
357 {
358 	struct _s_x *pt;
359 	int i = strlen(string);
360 
361 	for (pt = table ; i && pt->s != NULL ; pt++)
362 		if (strlen(pt->s) == i && !bcmp(string, pt->s, i))
363 			return pt->x;
364 	return -1;
365 };
366 
367 static char *
368 match_value(struct _s_x *p, u_int32_t value)
369 {
370 	for (; p->s != NULL; p++)
371 		if (p->x == value)
372 			return p->s;
373 	return NULL;
374 }
375 
376 /*
377  * prints one port, symbolic or numeric
378  */
379 static void
380 print_port(int proto, u_int16_t port)
381 {
382 
383 	if (proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE) {
384 		char *s;
385 
386 		if (do_resolv && (s = match_value(ether_types, port)) )
387 			printf("%s", s);
388 		else
389 			printf("0x%04x", port);
390 	} else {
391 		struct servent *se = NULL;
392 		if (do_resolv) {
393 			struct protoent *pe = getprotobynumber(proto);
394 
395 			se = getservbyport(htons(port), pe ? pe->p_name : NULL);
396 		}
397 		if (se)
398 			printf("%s", se->s_name);
399 		else
400 			printf("%d", port);
401 	}
402 }
403 
404 /*
405  * print the values in a list of ports
406  * XXX todo: add support for mask.
407  */
408 static void
409 print_newports(ipfw_insn_u16 *cmd, int proto, int opcode)
410 {
411 	u_int16_t *p = cmd->ports;
412 	int i;
413 	char *sep= " ";
414 
415 	if (cmd->o.len & F_NOT)
416 		printf(" not");
417 	if (opcode != 0)
418 		printf ("%s", opcode == O_MAC_TYPE ? " mac-type" :
419 		    (opcode == O_IP_DSTPORT ? " dst-port" : " src-port"));
420 	for (i = F_LEN((ipfw_insn *)cmd) - 1; i > 0; i--, p += 2) {
421 		printf(sep);
422 		print_port(proto, p[0]);
423 		if (p[0] != p[1]) {
424 			printf("-");
425 			print_port(proto, p[1]);
426 		}
427 		sep = ",";
428 	}
429 }
430 
431 /*
432  * Like strtol, but also translates service names into port numbers
433  * for some protocols.
434  * In particular:
435  *	proto == -1 disables the protocol check;
436  *	proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE looks up an internal table
437  *	proto == <some value in /etc/protocols> matches the values there.
438  * Returns *end == s in case the parameter is not found.
439  */
440 static int
441 strtoport(char *s, char **end, int base, int proto)
442 {
443 	char *p, *buf;
444 	char *s1;
445 	int i;
446 
447 	*end = s;		/* default - not found */
448 	if ( *s == '\0')
449 		return 0;	/* not found */
450 
451 	if (isdigit(*s))
452 		return strtol(s, end, base);
453 
454 	/*
455 	 * find separator. '\\' escapes the next char.
456 	 */
457 	for (s1 = s; *s1 && (isalnum(*s1) || *s1 == '\\') ; s1++)
458 		if (*s1 == '\\' && s1[1] != '\0')
459 			s1++;
460 
461 	buf = malloc(s1 - s + 1);
462 	if (buf == NULL)
463 		return 0;
464 
465 	/*
466 	 * copy into a buffer skipping backslashes
467 	 */
468 	for (p = s, i = 0; p != s1 ; p++)
469 		if ( *p != '\\')
470 			buf[i++] = *p;
471 	buf[i++] = '\0';
472 
473 	if (proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE) {
474 		i = match_token(ether_types, buf);
475 		free(buf);
476 		if (i != -1) {	/* found */
477 			*end = s1;
478 			return i;
479 		}
480 	} else {
481 		struct protoent *pe = NULL;
482 		struct servent *se;
483 
484 		if (proto != 0)
485 			pe = getprotobynumber(proto);
486 		setservent(1);
487 		se = getservbyname(buf, pe ? pe->p_name : NULL);
488 		free(buf);
489 		if (se != NULL) {
490 			*end = s1;
491 			return ntohs(se->s_port);
492 		}
493 	}
494 	return 0;	/* not found */
495 }
496 
497 /*
498  * fill the body of the command with the list of port ranges.
499  * At the moment it only understands numeric ranges.
500  */
501 static int
502 fill_newports(ipfw_insn_u16 *cmd, char *av, int proto)
503 {
504 	u_int16_t *p = cmd->ports;
505 	int i = 0;
506 	char *s = av;
507 
508 	while (*s) {
509 		u_int16_t a, b;
510 
511 		a = strtoport(av, &s, 0, proto);
512 		if (s == av) /* no parameter */
513 			break;
514 		if (*s == '-') { /* a range */
515 			av = s+1;
516 			b = strtoport(av, &s, 0, proto);
517 			if (s == av) /* no parameter */
518 				break;
519 			p[0] = a;
520 			p[1] = b;
521 		} else if (*s == ',' || *s == '\0' ) {
522 			p[0] = p[1] = a;
523 		} else {	/* invalid separator */
524 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid separator <%c> in <%s>\n",
525 				*s, av);
526 		}
527 		i++;
528 		p += 2;
529 		av = s+1;
530 	}
531 	if (i > 0) {
532 		if (i+1 > F_LEN_MASK)
533 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "too many ports/ranges\n");
534 		cmd->o.len |= i+1; /* leave F_NOT and F_OR untouched */
535 	}
536 	return i;
537 }
538 
539 static struct _s_x icmpcodes[] = {
540       { "net",			ICMP_UNREACH_NET },
541       { "host",			ICMP_UNREACH_HOST },
542       { "protocol",		ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL },
543       { "port",			ICMP_UNREACH_PORT },
544       { "needfrag",		ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG },
545       { "srcfail",		ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL },
546       { "net-unknown",		ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN },
547       { "host-unknown",		ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN },
548       { "isolated",		ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED },
549       { "net-prohib",		ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB },
550       { "host-prohib",		ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB },
551       { "tosnet",		ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET },
552       { "toshost",		ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST },
553       { "filter-prohib",	ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB },
554       { "host-precedence",	ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PRECEDENCE },
555       { "precedence-cutoff",	ICMP_UNREACH_PRECEDENCE_CUTOFF },
556       { NULL, 0 }
557 };
558 
559 static void
560 fill_reject_code(u_short *codep, char *str)
561 {
562 	int val;
563 	char *s;
564 
565 	val = strtoul(str, &s, 0);
566 	if (s == str || *s != '\0' || val >= 0x100)
567 		val = match_token(icmpcodes, str);
568 	if (val < 0)
569 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "unknown ICMP unreachable code ``%s''", str);
570 	*codep = val;
571 	return;
572 }
573 
574 static void
575 print_reject_code(u_int16_t code)
576 {
577 	char *s = match_value(icmpcodes, code);
578 
579 	if (s != NULL)
580 		printf("unreach %s", s);
581 	else
582 		printf("unreach %u", code);
583 }
584 
585 /*
586  * Returns the number of bits set (from left) in a contiguous bitmask,
587  * or -1 if the mask is not contiguous.
588  * XXX this needs a proper fix.
589  * This effectively works on masks in big-endian (network) format.
590  * when compiled on little endian architectures.
591  *
592  * First bit is bit 7 of the first byte -- note, for MAC addresses,
593  * the first bit on the wire is bit 0 of the first byte.
594  * len is the max length in bits.
595  */
596 static int
597 contigmask(u_char *p, int len)
598 {
599 	int i, n;
600 	for (i=0; i<len ; i++)
601 		if ( (p[i/8] & (1 << (7 - (i%8)))) == 0) /* first bit unset */
602 			break;
603 	for (n=i+1; n < len; n++)
604 		if ( (p[n/8] & (1 << (7 - (n%8)))) != 0)
605 			return -1; /* mask not contiguous */
606 	return i;
607 }
608 
609 /*
610  * print flags set/clear in the two bitmasks passed as parameters.
611  * There is a specialized check for f_tcpflags.
612  */
613 static void
614 print_flags(char *name, ipfw_insn *cmd, struct _s_x *list)
615 {
616 	char *comma="";
617 	int i;
618 	u_char set = cmd->arg1 & 0xff;
619 	u_char clear = (cmd->arg1 >> 8) & 0xff;
620 
621 	if (list == f_tcpflags && set == TH_SYN && clear == TH_ACK) {
622 		printf(" setup");
623 		return;
624 	}
625 
626 	printf(" %s ", name);
627 	for (i=0; list[i].x != 0; i++) {
628 		if (set & list[i].x) {
629 			set &= ~list[i].x;
630 			printf("%s%s", comma, list[i].s);
631 			comma = ",";
632 		}
633 		if (clear & list[i].x) {
634 			clear &= ~list[i].x;
635 			printf("%s!%s", comma, list[i].s);
636 			comma = ",";
637 		}
638 	}
639 }
640 
641 /*
642  * Print the ip address contained in a command.
643  */
644 static void
645 print_ip(ipfw_insn_ip *cmd, char *s)
646 {
647 	struct hostent *he = NULL;
648 	int mb;
649 
650 	printf("%s%s ", cmd->o.len & F_NOT ? " not": "", s);
651 
652 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC_ME || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST_ME) {
653 		printf("me");
654 		return;
655 	}
656 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC_SET || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST_SET) {
657 		u_int32_t x, *d;
658 		int i;
659 		char comma = '{';
660 
661 		x = cmd->o.arg1 - 1;
662 		x = htonl( ~x );
663 		cmd->addr.s_addr = htonl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
664 		printf("%s/%d", inet_ntoa(cmd->addr),
665 			contigmask((u_char *)&x, 32));
666 		x = cmd->addr.s_addr = htonl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
667 		x &= 0xff; /* base */
668 		d = (u_int32_t *)&(cmd->mask);
669 		for (i=0; i < cmd->o.arg1; i++)
670 			if (d[ i/32] & (1<<(i & 31))) {
671 				printf("%c%d", comma, i+x);
672 				comma = ',';
673 			}
674 		printf("}");
675 		return;
676 	}
677 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST)
678 		mb = 32;
679 	else
680 		mb = contigmask((u_char *)&(cmd->mask.s_addr), 32);
681 	if (mb == 32 && do_resolv)
682 		he = gethostbyaddr((char *)&(cmd->addr.s_addr),
683 		    sizeof(u_long), AF_INET);
684 	if (he != NULL)		/* resolved to name */
685 		printf("%s", he->h_name);
686 	else if (mb == 0)	/* any */
687 		printf("any");
688 	else {		/* numeric IP followed by some kind of mask */
689 		printf("%s", inet_ntoa(cmd->addr));
690 		if (mb < 0)
691 			printf(":%s", inet_ntoa(cmd->mask));
692 		else if (mb < 32)
693 			printf("/%d", mb);
694 	}
695 }
696 
697 /*
698  * prints a MAC address/mask pair
699  */
700 static void
701 print_mac(u_char *addr, u_char *mask)
702 {
703 	int l = contigmask(mask, 48);
704 
705 	if (l == 0)
706 		printf(" any");
707 	else {
708 		printf(" %02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
709 		    addr[0], addr[1], addr[2], addr[3], addr[4], addr[5]);
710 		if (l == -1)
711 			printf("&%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
712 			    mask[0], mask[1], mask[2],
713 			    mask[3], mask[4], mask[5]);
714 		else if (l < 48)
715 			printf("/%d", l);
716 	}
717 }
718 
719 static void
720 fill_icmptypes(ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd, char *av)
721 {
722 	u_int8_t type;
723 
724 	cmd->d[0] = 0;
725 	while (*av) {
726 		if (*av == ',')
727 			av++;
728 
729 		type = strtoul(av, &av, 0);
730 
731 		if (*av != ',' && *av != '\0')
732 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid ICMP type");
733 
734 		if (type > 31)
735 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "ICMP type out of range");
736 
737 		cmd->d[0] |= 1 << type;
738 	}
739 	cmd->o.opcode = O_ICMPTYPE;
740 	cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
741 }
742 
743 static void
744 print_icmptypes(ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd)
745 {
746 	int i;
747 	char sep= ' ';
748 
749 	printf(" icmptypes");
750 	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
751 		if ( (cmd->d[0] & (1 << (i))) == 0)
752 			continue;
753 		printf("%c%d", sep, i);
754 		sep = ',';
755 	}
756 }
757 
758 /*
759  * show_ipfw() prints the body of an ipfw rule.
760  * Because the standard rule has at least proto src_ip dst_ip, we use
761  * a helper function to produce these entries if not provided explicitly.
762  * The first argument is the list of fields we have, the second is
763  * the list of fields we want to be printed.
764  *
765  * Special cases if we have provided a MAC header:
766  *   + if the rule does not contain IP addresses/ports, do not print them;
767  *   + if the rule does not contain an IP proto, print "all" instead of "ip";
768  *
769  * Once we have 'have_options', IP header fields are printed as options.
770  */
771 #define	HAVE_PROTO	0x0001
772 #define	HAVE_SRCIP	0x0002
773 #define	HAVE_DSTIP	0x0004
774 #define	HAVE_MAC	0x0008
775 #define	HAVE_MACTYPE	0x0010
776 #define	HAVE_OPTIONS	0x8000
777 
778 #define	HAVE_IP		(HAVE_PROTO | HAVE_SRCIP | HAVE_DSTIP)
779 static void
780 show_prerequisites(int *flags, int want, int cmd)
781 {
782 	if ( (*flags & HAVE_IP) == HAVE_IP)
783 		*flags |= HAVE_OPTIONS;
784 
785 	if ( (*flags & (HAVE_MAC|HAVE_MACTYPE|HAVE_OPTIONS)) == HAVE_MAC &&
786 	     cmd != O_MAC_TYPE) {
787 		/*
788 		 * mac-type was optimized out by the compiler,
789 		 * restore it
790 		 */
791 		printf(" any");
792 		*flags |= HAVE_MACTYPE | HAVE_OPTIONS;
793 		return;
794 	}
795 	if ( !(*flags & HAVE_OPTIONS)) {
796 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_PROTO) && (want & HAVE_PROTO))
797 			printf(" ip");
798 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_SRCIP) && (want & HAVE_SRCIP))
799 			printf(" from any");
800 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_DSTIP) && (want & HAVE_DSTIP))
801 			printf(" to any");
802 	}
803 	*flags |= want;
804 }
805 
806 static void
807 show_ipfw(struct ip_fw *rule, int pcwidth, int bcwidth)
808 {
809 	static int twidth = 0;
810 	int l;
811 	ipfw_insn *cmd;
812 	int proto = 0;		/* default */
813 	int flags = 0;	/* prerequisites */
814 	ipfw_insn_log *logptr = NULL; /* set if we find an O_LOG */
815 	int or_block = 0;	/* we are in an or block */
816 
817 	u_int32_t set_disable = rule->set_disable;
818 
819 	if (set_disable & (1 << rule->set)) { /* disabled */
820 		if (!show_sets)
821 			return;
822 		else
823 			printf("# DISABLED ");
824 	}
825 	printf("%05u ", rule->rulenum);
826 
827 	if (do_acct)
828 		printf("%*llu %*llu ", pcwidth, rule->pcnt, bcwidth,
829 		    rule->bcnt);
830 
831 	if (do_time) {
832 		char timestr[30];
833 		time_t t = (time_t)0;
834 
835 		if (twidth == 0) {
836 			strcpy(timestr, ctime(&t));
837 			*strchr(timestr, '\n') = '\0';
838 			twidth = strlen(timestr);
839 		}
840 		if (rule->timestamp) {
841 			t = _long_to_time(rule->timestamp);
842 
843 			strcpy(timestr, ctime(&t));
844 			*strchr(timestr, '\n') = '\0';
845 			printf("%s ", timestr);
846 		} else {
847 			printf("%*s", twidth, " ");
848 		}
849 	}
850 
851 	if (show_sets)
852 		printf("set %d ", rule->set);
853 
854 	/*
855 	 * print the optional "match probability"
856 	 */
857 	if (rule->cmd_len > 0) {
858 		cmd = rule->cmd ;
859 		if (cmd->opcode == O_PROB) {
860 			ipfw_insn_u32 *p = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
861 			double d = 1.0 * p->d[0];
862 
863 			d = (d / 0x7fffffff);
864 			printf("prob %f ", d);
865 		}
866 	}
867 
868 	/*
869 	 * first print actions
870 	 */
871         for (l = rule->cmd_len - rule->act_ofs, cmd = ACTION_PTR(rule);
872 			l > 0 ; l -= F_LEN(cmd), cmd += F_LEN(cmd)) {
873 		switch(cmd->opcode) {
874 		case O_CHECK_STATE:
875 			printf("check-state");
876 			flags = HAVE_IP; /* avoid printing anything else */
877 			break;
878 
879 		case O_ACCEPT:
880 			printf("allow");
881 			break;
882 
883 		case O_COUNT:
884 			printf("count");
885 			break;
886 
887 		case O_DENY:
888 			printf("deny");
889 			break;
890 
891 		case O_REJECT:
892 			if (cmd->arg1 == ICMP_REJECT_RST)
893 				printf("reset");
894 			else if (cmd->arg1 == ICMP_UNREACH_HOST)
895 				printf("reject");
896 			else
897 				print_reject_code(cmd->arg1);
898 			break;
899 
900 		case O_SKIPTO:
901 			printf("skipto %u", cmd->arg1);
902 			break;
903 
904 		case O_PIPE:
905 			printf("pipe %u", cmd->arg1);
906 			break;
907 
908 		case O_QUEUE:
909 			printf("queue %u", cmd->arg1);
910 			break;
911 
912 		case O_DIVERT:
913 			printf("divert %u", cmd->arg1);
914 			break;
915 
916 		case O_TEE:
917 			printf("tee %u", cmd->arg1);
918 			break;
919 
920 		case O_FORWARD_IP:
921 		    {
922 			ipfw_insn_sa *s = (ipfw_insn_sa *)cmd;
923 
924 			printf("fwd %s", inet_ntoa(s->sa.sin_addr));
925 			if (s->sa.sin_port)
926 				printf(",%d", s->sa.sin_port);
927 		    }
928 			break;
929 
930 		case O_LOG: /* O_LOG is printed last */
931 			logptr = (ipfw_insn_log *)cmd;
932 			break;
933 
934 		default:
935 			printf("** unrecognized action %d len %d",
936 				cmd->opcode, cmd->len);
937 		}
938 	}
939 	if (logptr) {
940 		if (logptr->max_log > 0)
941 			printf(" log logamount %d", logptr->max_log);
942 		else
943 			printf(" log");
944 	}
945 
946 	/*
947 	 * then print the body.
948 	 */
949 	if (rule->_pad & 1) {	/* empty rules before options */
950 		if (!do_compact)
951 			printf(" ip from any to any");
952 		flags |= HAVE_IP | HAVE_OPTIONS;
953 	}
954 
955         for (l = rule->act_ofs, cmd = rule->cmd ;
956 			l > 0 ; l -= F_LEN(cmd) , cmd += F_LEN(cmd)) {
957 		/* useful alias */
958 		ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd32 = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
959 
960 		show_prerequisites(&flags, 0, cmd->opcode);
961 
962 		switch(cmd->opcode) {
963 		case O_PROB:
964 			break;	/* done already */
965 
966 		case O_PROBE_STATE:
967 			break; /* no need to print anything here */
968 
969 		case O_MACADDR2: {
970 			ipfw_insn_mac *m = (ipfw_insn_mac *)cmd;
971 
972 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
973 				printf(" {");
974 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
975 				printf(" not");
976 			printf(" MAC");
977 			flags |= HAVE_MAC;
978 			print_mac( m->addr, m->mask);
979 			print_mac( m->addr + 6, m->mask + 6);
980 			}
981 			break;
982 
983 		case O_MAC_TYPE:
984 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
985 				printf(" {");
986 			print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE,
987 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? cmd->opcode : 0);
988 			flags |= HAVE_MAC | HAVE_MACTYPE | HAVE_OPTIONS;
989 			break;
990 
991 		case O_IP_SRC:
992 		case O_IP_SRC_MASK:
993 		case O_IP_SRC_ME:
994 		case O_IP_SRC_SET:
995 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO, 0);
996 			if (!(flags & HAVE_SRCIP))
997 				printf(" from");
998 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
999 				printf(" {");
1000 			print_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd,
1001 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? " src-ip" : "");
1002 			flags |= HAVE_SRCIP;
1003 			break;
1004 
1005 		case O_IP_DST:
1006 		case O_IP_DST_MASK:
1007 		case O_IP_DST_ME:
1008 		case O_IP_DST_SET:
1009 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO|HAVE_SRCIP, 0);
1010 			if (!(flags & HAVE_DSTIP))
1011 				printf(" to");
1012 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1013 				printf(" {");
1014 			print_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd,
1015 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? " dst-ip" : "");
1016 			flags |= HAVE_DSTIP;
1017 			break;
1018 
1019 		case O_IP_DSTPORT:
1020 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP, 0);
1021 		case O_IP_SRCPORT:
1022 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO|HAVE_SRCIP, 0);
1023 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1024 				printf(" {");
1025 			print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, proto,
1026 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? cmd->opcode : 0);
1027 			break;
1028 
1029 		case O_PROTO: {
1030 			struct protoent *pe;
1031 
1032 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1033 				printf(" {");
1034 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
1035 				printf(" not");
1036 			proto = cmd->arg1;
1037 			pe = getprotobynumber(cmd->arg1);
1038 			if (flags & HAVE_OPTIONS)
1039 				printf(" proto");
1040 			if (pe)
1041 				printf(" %s", pe->p_name);
1042 			else
1043 				printf(" %u", cmd->arg1);
1044 			}
1045 			flags |= HAVE_PROTO;
1046 			break;
1047 
1048 		default: /*options ... */
1049 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP | HAVE_OPTIONS, 0);
1050 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1051 				printf(" {");
1052 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT && cmd->opcode != O_IN)
1053 				printf(" not");
1054 			switch(cmd->opcode) {
1055 			case O_FRAG:
1056 				printf(" frag");
1057 				break;
1058 
1059 			case O_IN:
1060 				printf(cmd->len & F_NOT ? " out" : " in");
1061 				break;
1062 
1063 			case O_LAYER2:
1064 				printf(" layer2");
1065 				break;
1066 			case O_XMIT:
1067 			case O_RECV:
1068 			case O_VIA: {
1069 				char *s;
1070 				ipfw_insn_if *cmdif = (ipfw_insn_if *)cmd;
1071 
1072 				if (cmd->opcode == O_XMIT)
1073 					s = "xmit";
1074 				else if (cmd->opcode == O_RECV)
1075 					s = "recv";
1076 				else if (cmd->opcode == O_VIA)
1077 					s = "via";
1078 				if (cmdif->name[0] == '\0')
1079 					printf(" %s %s", s,
1080 					    inet_ntoa(cmdif->p.ip));
1081 				else if (cmdif->p.unit == -1)
1082 					printf(" %s %s*", s, cmdif->name);
1083 				else
1084 					printf(" %s %s%d", s, cmdif->name,
1085 					    cmdif->p.unit);
1086 				}
1087 				break;
1088 
1089 			case O_IPID:
1090 				printf(" ipid %u", cmd->arg1 );
1091 				break;
1092 
1093 			case O_IPTTL:
1094 				printf(" ipttl %u", cmd->arg1 );
1095 				break;
1096 
1097 			case O_IPVER:
1098 				printf(" ipver %u", cmd->arg1 );
1099 				break;
1100 
1101 			case O_IPPRECEDENCE:
1102 				printf(" ipprecedence %u", (cmd->arg1) >> 5 );
1103 				break;
1104 
1105 			case O_IPLEN:
1106 				printf(" iplen %u", cmd->arg1 );
1107 				break;
1108 
1109 			case O_IPOPT:
1110 				print_flags("ipoptions", cmd, f_ipopts);
1111 				break;
1112 
1113 			case O_IPTOS:
1114 				print_flags("iptos", cmd, f_iptos);
1115 				break;
1116 
1117 			case O_ICMPTYPE:
1118 				print_icmptypes((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd);
1119 				break;
1120 
1121 			case O_ESTAB:
1122 				printf(" established");
1123 				break;
1124 
1125 			case O_TCPFLAGS:
1126 				print_flags("tcpflags", cmd, f_tcpflags);
1127 				break;
1128 
1129 			case O_TCPOPTS:
1130 				print_flags("tcpoptions", cmd, f_tcpopts);
1131 				break;
1132 
1133 			case O_TCPWIN:
1134 				printf(" tcpwin %d", ntohs(cmd->arg1));
1135 				break;
1136 
1137 			case O_TCPACK:
1138 				printf(" tcpack %d", ntohl(cmd32->d[0]));
1139 				break;
1140 
1141 			case O_TCPSEQ:
1142 				printf(" tcpseq %d", ntohl(cmd32->d[0]));
1143 				break;
1144 
1145 			case O_UID:
1146 			    {
1147 				struct passwd *pwd = getpwuid(cmd32->d[0]);
1148 
1149 				if (pwd)
1150 					printf(" uid %s", pwd->pw_name);
1151 				else
1152 					printf(" uid %u", cmd32->d[0]);
1153 			    }
1154 				break;
1155 
1156 			case O_GID:
1157 			    {
1158 				struct group *grp = getgrgid(cmd32->d[0]);
1159 
1160 				if (grp)
1161 					printf(" gid %s", grp->gr_name);
1162 				else
1163 					printf(" gid %u", cmd32->d[0]);
1164 			    }
1165 				break;
1166 
1167 			case O_VERREVPATH:
1168 				printf(" verrevpath");
1169 				break;
1170 
1171 			case O_KEEP_STATE:
1172 				printf(" keep-state");
1173 				break;
1174 
1175 			case O_LIMIT:
1176 			    {
1177 				struct _s_x *p = limit_masks;
1178 				ipfw_insn_limit *c = (ipfw_insn_limit *)cmd;
1179 				u_int8_t x = c->limit_mask;
1180 				char *comma = " ";
1181 
1182 				printf(" limit");
1183 				for ( ; p->x != 0 ; p++)
1184 					if ((x & p->x) == p->x) {
1185 						x &= ~p->x;
1186 						printf("%s%s", comma, p->s);
1187 						comma = ",";
1188 					}
1189 				printf(" %d", c->conn_limit);
1190 			    }
1191 				break;
1192 
1193 			default:
1194 				printf(" [opcode %d len %d]",
1195 				    cmd->opcode, cmd->len);
1196 			}
1197 		}
1198 		if (cmd->len & F_OR) {
1199 			printf(" or");
1200 			or_block = 1;
1201 		} else if (or_block) {
1202 			printf(" }");
1203 			or_block = 0;
1204 		}
1205 	}
1206 	show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP, 0);
1207 
1208 	printf("\n");
1209 }
1210 
1211 static void
1212 show_dyn_ipfw(ipfw_dyn_rule *d, int pcwidth, int bcwidth)
1213 {
1214 	struct protoent *pe;
1215 	struct in_addr a;
1216 
1217 	if (!do_expired) {
1218 		if (!d->expire && !(d->dyn_type == O_LIMIT_PARENT))
1219 			return;
1220 	}
1221 
1222 	printf("%05d %*llu %*llu (%ds)", d->rulenum, pcwidth, d->pcnt, bcwidth,
1223 	    d->bcnt, d->expire);
1224 	switch (d->dyn_type) {
1225 	case O_LIMIT_PARENT:
1226 		printf(" PARENT %d", d->count);
1227 		break;
1228 	case O_LIMIT:
1229 		printf(" LIMIT");
1230 		break;
1231 	case O_KEEP_STATE: /* bidir, no mask */
1232 		printf(" STATE");
1233 		break;
1234 	}
1235 
1236 	if ((pe = getprotobynumber(d->id.proto)) != NULL)
1237 		printf(" %s", pe->p_name);
1238 	else
1239 		printf(" proto %u", d->id.proto);
1240 
1241 	a.s_addr = htonl(d->id.src_ip);
1242 	printf(" %s %d", inet_ntoa(a), d->id.src_port);
1243 
1244 	a.s_addr = htonl(d->id.dst_ip);
1245 	printf(" <-> %s %d", inet_ntoa(a), d->id.dst_port);
1246 	printf("\n");
1247 }
1248 
1249 int
1250 sort_q(const void *pa, const void *pb)
1251 {
1252 	int rev = (do_sort < 0);
1253 	int field = rev ? -do_sort : do_sort;
1254 	long long res = 0;
1255 	const struct dn_flow_queue *a = pa;
1256 	const struct dn_flow_queue *b = pb;
1257 
1258 	switch (field) {
1259 	case 1: /* pkts */
1260 		res = a->len - b->len;
1261 		break;
1262 	case 2: /* bytes */
1263 		res = a->len_bytes - b->len_bytes;
1264 		break;
1265 
1266 	case 3: /* tot pkts */
1267 		res = a->tot_pkts - b->tot_pkts;
1268 		break;
1269 
1270 	case 4: /* tot bytes */
1271 		res = a->tot_bytes - b->tot_bytes;
1272 		break;
1273 	}
1274 	if (res < 0)
1275 		res = -1;
1276 	if (res > 0)
1277 		res = 1;
1278 	return (int)(rev ? res : -res);
1279 }
1280 
1281 static void
1282 list_queues(struct dn_flow_set *fs, struct dn_flow_queue *q)
1283 {
1284 	int l;
1285 
1286 	printf("    mask: 0x%02x 0x%08x/0x%04x -> 0x%08x/0x%04x\n",
1287 	    fs->flow_mask.proto,
1288 	    fs->flow_mask.src_ip, fs->flow_mask.src_port,
1289 	    fs->flow_mask.dst_ip, fs->flow_mask.dst_port);
1290 	if (fs->rq_elements == 0)
1291 		return;
1292 
1293 	printf("BKT Prot ___Source IP/port____ "
1294 	    "____Dest. IP/port____ Tot_pkt/bytes Pkt/Byte Drp\n");
1295 	if (do_sort != 0)
1296 		heapsort(q, fs->rq_elements, sizeof *q, sort_q);
1297 	for (l = 0; l < fs->rq_elements; l++) {
1298 		struct in_addr ina;
1299 		struct protoent *pe;
1300 
1301 		ina.s_addr = htonl(q[l].id.src_ip);
1302 		printf("%3d ", q[l].hash_slot);
1303 		pe = getprotobynumber(q[l].id.proto);
1304 		if (pe)
1305 			printf("%-4s ", pe->p_name);
1306 		else
1307 			printf("%4u ", q[l].id.proto);
1308 		printf("%15s/%-5d ",
1309 		    inet_ntoa(ina), q[l].id.src_port);
1310 		ina.s_addr = htonl(q[l].id.dst_ip);
1311 		printf("%15s/%-5d ",
1312 		    inet_ntoa(ina), q[l].id.dst_port);
1313 		printf("%4qu %8qu %2u %4u %3u\n",
1314 		    q[l].tot_pkts, q[l].tot_bytes,
1315 		    q[l].len, q[l].len_bytes, q[l].drops);
1316 		if (verbose)
1317 			printf("   S %20qd  F %20qd\n",
1318 			    q[l].S, q[l].F);
1319 	}
1320 }
1321 
1322 static void
1323 print_flowset_parms(struct dn_flow_set *fs, char *prefix)
1324 {
1325 	int l;
1326 	char qs[30];
1327 	char plr[30];
1328 	char red[90];	/* Display RED parameters */
1329 
1330 	l = fs->qsize;
1331 	if (fs->flags_fs & DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES) {
1332 		if (l >= 8192)
1333 			sprintf(qs, "%d KB", l / 1024);
1334 		else
1335 			sprintf(qs, "%d B", l);
1336 	} else
1337 		sprintf(qs, "%3d sl.", l);
1338 	if (fs->plr)
1339 		sprintf(plr, "plr %f", 1.0 * fs->plr / (double)(0x7fffffff));
1340 	else
1341 		plr[0] = '\0';
1342 	if (fs->flags_fs & DN_IS_RED)	/* RED parameters */
1343 		sprintf(red,
1344 		    "\n\t  %cRED w_q %f min_th %d max_th %d max_p %f",
1345 		    (fs->flags_fs & DN_IS_GENTLE_RED) ? 'G' : ' ',
1346 		    1.0 * fs->w_q / (double)(1 << SCALE_RED),
1347 		    SCALE_VAL(fs->min_th),
1348 		    SCALE_VAL(fs->max_th),
1349 		    1.0 * fs->max_p / (double)(1 << SCALE_RED));
1350 	else
1351 		sprintf(red, "droptail");
1352 
1353 	printf("%s %s%s %d queues (%d buckets) %s\n",
1354 	    prefix, qs, plr, fs->rq_elements, fs->rq_size, red);
1355 }
1356 
1357 static void
1358 list_pipes(void *data, int nbytes, int ac, char *av[])
1359 {
1360 	u_long rulenum;
1361 	void *next = data;
1362 	struct dn_pipe *p = (struct dn_pipe *) data;
1363 	struct dn_flow_set *fs;
1364 	struct dn_flow_queue *q;
1365 	int l;
1366 
1367 	if (ac > 0)
1368 		rulenum = strtoul(*av++, NULL, 10);
1369 	else
1370 		rulenum = 0;
1371 	for (; nbytes >= sizeof *p; p = (struct dn_pipe *)next) {
1372 		double b = p->bandwidth;
1373 		char buf[30];
1374 		char prefix[80];
1375 
1376 		if (p->next != (struct dn_pipe *)DN_IS_PIPE)
1377 			break;	/* done with pipes, now queues */
1378 
1379 		/*
1380 		 * compute length, as pipe have variable size
1381 		 */
1382 		l = sizeof(*p) + p->fs.rq_elements * sizeof(*q);
1383 		next = (void *)p + l;
1384 		nbytes -= l;
1385 
1386 		if (rulenum != 0 && rulenum != p->pipe_nr)
1387 			continue;
1388 
1389 		/*
1390 		 * Print rate (or clocking interface)
1391 		 */
1392 		if (p->if_name[0] != '\0')
1393 			sprintf(buf, "%s", p->if_name);
1394 		else if (b == 0)
1395 			sprintf(buf, "unlimited");
1396 		else if (b >= 1000000)
1397 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f Mbit/s", b/1000000);
1398 		else if (b >= 1000)
1399 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f Kbit/s", b/1000);
1400 		else
1401 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f bit/s ", b);
1402 
1403 		sprintf(prefix, "%05d: %s %4d ms ",
1404 		    p->pipe_nr, buf, p->delay);
1405 		print_flowset_parms(&(p->fs), prefix);
1406 		if (verbose)
1407 			printf("   V %20qd\n", p->V >> MY_M);
1408 
1409 		q = (struct dn_flow_queue *)(p+1);
1410 		list_queues(&(p->fs), q);
1411 	}
1412 	for (fs = next; nbytes >= sizeof *fs; fs = next) {
1413 		char prefix[80];
1414 
1415 		if (fs->next != (struct dn_flow_set *)DN_IS_QUEUE)
1416 			break;
1417 		l = sizeof(*fs) + fs->rq_elements * sizeof(*q);
1418 		next = (void *)fs + l;
1419 		nbytes -= l;
1420 		q = (struct dn_flow_queue *)(fs+1);
1421 		sprintf(prefix, "q%05d: weight %d pipe %d ",
1422 		    fs->fs_nr, fs->weight, fs->parent_nr);
1423 		print_flowset_parms(fs, prefix);
1424 		list_queues(fs, q);
1425 	}
1426 }
1427 
1428 /*
1429  * This one handles all set-related commands
1430  * 	ipfw set { show | enable | disable }
1431  * 	ipfw set swap X Y
1432  * 	ipfw set move X to Y
1433  * 	ipfw set move rule X to Y
1434  */
1435 static void
1436 sets_handler(int ac, char *av[])
1437 {
1438 	u_int32_t set_disable, masks[2];
1439 	int i, nbytes;
1440 	u_int16_t rulenum;
1441 	u_int8_t cmd, new_set;
1442 
1443 	ac--;
1444 	av++;
1445 
1446 	if (!ac)
1447 		errx(EX_USAGE, "set needs command");
1448 	if (!strncmp(*av, "show", strlen(*av)) ) {
1449 		void *data;
1450 		char *msg;
1451 
1452 		nbytes = sizeof(struct ip_fw);
1453 		if ((data = malloc(nbytes)) == NULL)
1454 			err(EX_OSERR, "malloc");
1455 		if (getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_GET, data, &nbytes) < 0)
1456 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_FW_GET)");
1457 		set_disable = ((struct ip_fw *)data)->set_disable;
1458 
1459 		for (i = 0, msg = "disable" ; i < 31; i++)
1460 			if (  (set_disable & (1<<i))) {
1461 				printf("%s %d", msg, i);
1462 				msg = "";
1463 			}
1464 		msg = (set_disable) ? " enable" : "enable";
1465 		for (i = 0; i < 31; i++)
1466 			if ( !(set_disable & (1<<i))) {
1467 				printf("%s %d", msg, i);
1468 				msg = "";
1469 			}
1470 		printf("\n");
1471 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "swap", strlen(*av))) {
1472 		ac--; av++;
1473 		if (ac != 2)
1474 			errx(EX_USAGE, "set swap needs 2 set numbers\n");
1475 		rulenum = atoi(av[0]);
1476 		new_set = atoi(av[1]);
1477 		if (!isdigit(*(av[0])) || rulenum > 30)
1478 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid set number %s\n", av[0]);
1479 		if (!isdigit(*(av[1])) || new_set > 30)
1480 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid set number %s\n", av[1]);
1481 		masks[0] = (4 << 24) | (new_set << 16) | (rulenum);
1482 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL,
1483 			masks, sizeof(u_int32_t));
1484 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "move", strlen(*av))) {
1485 		ac--; av++;
1486 		if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "rule", strlen(*av))) {
1487 			cmd = 2;
1488 			ac--; av++;
1489 		} else
1490 			cmd = 3;
1491 		if (ac != 3 || strncmp(av[1], "to", strlen(*av)))
1492 			errx(EX_USAGE, "syntax: set move [rule] X to Y\n");
1493 		rulenum = atoi(av[0]);
1494 		new_set = atoi(av[2]);
1495 		if (!isdigit(*(av[0])) || (cmd == 3 && rulenum > 30) ||
1496 			(cmd == 2 && rulenum == 65535) )
1497 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid source number %s\n", av[0]);
1498 		if (!isdigit(*(av[2])) || new_set > 30)
1499 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid dest. set %s\n", av[1]);
1500 		masks[0] = (cmd << 24) | (new_set << 16) | (rulenum);
1501 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL,
1502 			masks, sizeof(u_int32_t));
1503 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "disable", strlen(*av)) ||
1504 		   !strncmp(*av, "enable",  strlen(*av)) ) {
1505 		int which = !strncmp(*av, "enable",  strlen(*av)) ? 1 : 0;
1506 
1507 		ac--; av++;
1508 		masks[0] = masks[1] = 0;
1509 
1510 		while (ac) {
1511 			if (isdigit(**av)) {
1512 				i = atoi(*av);
1513 				if (i < 0 || i > 30)
1514 					errx(EX_DATAERR,
1515 					    "invalid set number %d\n", i);
1516 				masks[which] |= (1<<i);
1517 			} else if (!strncmp(*av, "disable", strlen(*av)))
1518 				which = 0;
1519 			else if (!strncmp(*av, "enable", strlen(*av)))
1520 				which = 1;
1521 			else
1522 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
1523 					"invalid set command %s\n", *av);
1524 			av++; ac--;
1525 		}
1526 		if ( (masks[0] & masks[1]) != 0 )
1527 			errx(EX_DATAERR,
1528 			    "cannot enable and disable the same set\n");
1529 
1530 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL, masks, sizeof(masks));
1531 		if (i)
1532 			warn("set enable/disable: setsockopt(IP_FW_DEL)");
1533 	} else
1534 		errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid set command %s\n", *av);
1535 }
1536 
1537 static void
1538 sysctl_handler(int ac, char *av[], int which)
1539 {
1540 	ac--;
1541 	av++;
1542 
1543 	if (*av == NULL) {
1544 		warnx("missing keyword to enable/disable\n");
1545 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "firewall", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1546 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.enable", NULL, 0, &which, sizeof(which));
1547 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "one_pass", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1548 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.one_pass", NULL, 0, &which, sizeof(which));
1549 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "debug", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1550 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.debug", NULL, 0, &which, sizeof(which));
1551 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "verbose", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1552 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.verbose", NULL, 0, &which, sizeof(which));
1553 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "dyn_keepalive", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1554 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_keepalive", NULL, 0, &which, sizeof(which));
1555 	} else {
1556 		warnx("unrecognize enable/disable keyword: %s\n", *av);
1557 	}
1558 }
1559 
1560 static void
1561 list(int ac, char *av[])
1562 {
1563 	struct ip_fw *r;
1564 	ipfw_dyn_rule *dynrules, *d;
1565 
1566 	void *lim, *data = NULL;
1567 	int bcwidth, n, nbytes, nstat, ndyn, pcwidth, width;
1568 	int exitval = EX_OK;
1569 	int lac;
1570 	char **lav;
1571 	u_long rnum;
1572 	char *endptr;
1573 	int seen = 0;
1574 
1575 	const int ocmd = do_pipe ? IP_DUMMYNET_GET : IP_FW_GET;
1576 	int nalloc = 1024;	/* start somewhere... */
1577 
1578 	ac--;
1579 	av++;
1580 
1581 	/* get rules or pipes from kernel, resizing array as necessary */
1582 	nbytes = nalloc;
1583 
1584 	while (nbytes >= nalloc) {
1585 		nalloc = nalloc * 2 + 200;
1586 		nbytes = nalloc;
1587 		if ((data = realloc(data, nbytes)) == NULL)
1588 			err(EX_OSERR, "realloc");
1589 		if (getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, ocmd, data, &nbytes) < 0)
1590 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_%s_GET)",
1591 				do_pipe ? "DUMMYNET" : "FW");
1592 	}
1593 
1594 	if (do_pipe) {
1595 		list_pipes(data, nbytes, ac, av);
1596 		goto done;
1597 	}
1598 
1599 	/*
1600 	 * Count static rules. They have variable size so we
1601 	 * need to scan the list to count them.
1602 	 */
1603 	for (nstat = 1, r = data, lim = data + nbytes;
1604 		    r->rulenum < 65535 && (void *)r < lim;
1605 		    ++nstat, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r) )
1606 		; /* nothing */
1607 
1608 	/*
1609 	 * Count dynamic rules. This is easier as they have
1610 	 * fixed size.
1611 	 */
1612 	r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r);
1613 	dynrules = (ipfw_dyn_rule *)r ;
1614 	n = (void *)r - data;
1615 	ndyn = (nbytes - n) / sizeof *dynrules;
1616 
1617 	/* if showing stats, figure out column widths ahead of time */
1618 	bcwidth = pcwidth = 0;
1619 	if (do_acct) {
1620 		for (n = 0, r = data; n < nstat;
1621 		    n++, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r)) {
1622 			/* packet counter */
1623 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu", r->pcnt);
1624 			if (width > pcwidth)
1625 				pcwidth = width;
1626 
1627 			/* byte counter */
1628 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu", r->bcnt);
1629 			if (width > bcwidth)
1630 				bcwidth = width;
1631 		}
1632 	}
1633 	if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
1634 		for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++) {
1635 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu", d->pcnt);
1636 			if (width > pcwidth)
1637 				pcwidth = width;
1638 
1639 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu", d->bcnt);
1640 			if (width > bcwidth)
1641 				bcwidth = width;
1642 		}
1643 	}
1644 	/* if no rule numbers were specified, list all rules */
1645 	if (ac == 0) {
1646 		for (n = 0, r = data; n < nstat;
1647 		    n++, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r) )
1648 			show_ipfw(r, pcwidth, bcwidth);
1649 
1650 		if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
1651 			printf("## Dynamic rules (%d):\n", ndyn);
1652 			for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++)
1653 				show_dyn_ipfw(d, pcwidth, bcwidth);
1654 		}
1655 		goto done;
1656 	}
1657 
1658 	/* display specific rules requested on command line */
1659 
1660 	for (lac = ac, lav = av; lac != 0; lac--) {
1661 		/* convert command line rule # */
1662 		rnum = strtoul(*lav++, &endptr, 10);
1663 		if (*endptr) {
1664 			exitval = EX_USAGE;
1665 			warnx("invalid rule number: %s", *(lav - 1));
1666 			continue;
1667 		}
1668 		for (n = seen = 0, r = data; n < nstat;
1669 		    n++, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r) ) {
1670 			if (r->rulenum > rnum)
1671 				break;
1672 			if (r->rulenum == rnum) {
1673 				show_ipfw(r, pcwidth, bcwidth);
1674 				seen = 1;
1675 			}
1676 		}
1677 		if (!seen) {
1678 			/* give precedence to other error(s) */
1679 			if (exitval == EX_OK)
1680 				exitval = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
1681 			warnx("rule %lu does not exist", rnum);
1682 		}
1683 	}
1684 
1685 	if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
1686 		printf("## Dynamic rules:\n");
1687 		for (lac = ac, lav = av; lac != 0; lac--) {
1688 			rnum = strtoul(*lav++, &endptr, 10);
1689 			if (*endptr)
1690 				/* already warned */
1691 				continue;
1692 			for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++) {
1693 				if (d->rulenum > rnum)
1694 					break;
1695 				if (d->rulenum == rnum)
1696 					show_dyn_ipfw(d, pcwidth, bcwidth);
1697 			}
1698 		}
1699 	}
1700 
1701 	ac = 0;
1702 
1703 done:
1704 	free(data);
1705 
1706 	if (exitval != EX_OK)
1707 		exit(exitval);
1708 }
1709 
1710 static void
1711 show_usage(void)
1712 {
1713 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: ipfw [options]\n"
1714 "    add [number] rule\n"
1715 "    pipe number config [pipeconfig]\n"
1716 "    queue number config [queueconfig]\n"
1717 "    [pipe] flush\n"
1718 "    [pipe] delete number ...\n"
1719 "    [pipe] {list|show} [number ...]\n"
1720 "    {zero|resetlog} [number ...]\n"
1721 "do \"ipfw -h\" or see ipfw manpage for details\n"
1722 );
1723 
1724 	exit(EX_USAGE);
1725 }
1726 
1727 static void
1728 help(void)
1729 {
1730 
1731 	fprintf(stderr, "ipfw syntax summary:\n"
1732 "ipfw add [N] [prob {0..1}] ACTION [log [logamount N]] ADDR OPTIONS\n"
1733 "ipfw {pipe|queue} N config BODY\n"
1734 "ipfw [pipe] {zero|delete|show} [N{,N}]\n"
1735 "\n"
1736 "RULE:		[1..] [PROB] BODY\n"
1737 "RULENUM:	INTEGER(1..65534)\n"
1738 "PROB:		prob REAL(0..1)\n"
1739 "BODY:		check-state [LOG] (no body) |\n"
1740 "		ACTION [LOG] MATCH_ADDR [OPTION_LIST]\n"
1741 "ACTION:	check-state | allow | count | deny | reject | skipto N |\n"
1742 "		{divert|tee} PORT | forward ADDR | pipe N | queue N\n"
1743 "ADDR:		[ MAC dst src ether_type ] \n"
1744 "		[ from IPLIST [ PORT ] to IPLIST [ PORTLIST ] ]\n"
1745 "IPLIST:	IPADDR | ( IPADDR or ... or IPADDR )\n"
1746 "IPADDR:	[not] { any | me | ip | ip/bits | ip:mask | ip/bits{x,y,z} }\n"
1747 "OPTION_LIST:	OPTION [,OPTION_LIST]\n"
1748 );
1749 exit(0);
1750 }
1751 
1752 
1753 static int
1754 lookup_host (char *host, struct in_addr *ipaddr)
1755 {
1756 	struct hostent *he;
1757 
1758 	if (!inet_aton(host, ipaddr)) {
1759 		if ((he = gethostbyname(host)) == NULL)
1760 			return(-1);
1761 		*ipaddr = *(struct in_addr *)he->h_addr_list[0];
1762 	}
1763 	return(0);
1764 }
1765 
1766 /*
1767  * fills the addr and mask fields in the instruction as appropriate from av.
1768  * Update length as appropriate.
1769  * The following formats are allowed:
1770  *	any	matches any IP. Actually returns an empty instruction.
1771  *	me	returns O_IP_*_ME
1772  *	1.2.3.4		single IP address
1773  *	1.2.3.4:5.6.7.8	address:mask
1774  *	1.2.3.4/24	address/mask
1775  *	1.2.3.4/26{1,6,5,4,23}	set of addresses in a subnet
1776  */
1777 static void
1778 fill_ip(ipfw_insn_ip *cmd, char *av)
1779 {
1780 	char *p = 0, md = 0;
1781 	u_int32_t i;
1782 
1783 	cmd->o.len &= ~F_LEN_MASK;	/* zero len */
1784 
1785 	if (!strncmp(av, "any", strlen(av)))
1786 		return;
1787 
1788 	if (!strncmp(av, "me", strlen(av))) {
1789 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn);
1790 		return;
1791 	}
1792 
1793 	p = strchr(av, '/');
1794 	if (!p)
1795 		p = strchr(av, ':');
1796 	if (p) {
1797 		md = *p;
1798 		*p++ = '\0';
1799 	}
1800 
1801 	if (lookup_host(av, &cmd->addr) != 0)
1802 		errx(EX_NOHOST, "hostname ``%s'' unknown", av);
1803 	switch (md) {
1804 	case ':':
1805 		if (!inet_aton(p, &cmd->mask))
1806 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad netmask ``%s''", p);
1807 		break;
1808 	case '/':
1809 		i = atoi(p);
1810 		if (i == 0)
1811 			cmd->mask.s_addr = htonl(0);
1812 		else if (i > 32)
1813 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad width ``%s''", p);
1814 		else
1815 			cmd->mask.s_addr = htonl(~0 << (32 - i));
1816 		break;
1817 	default:
1818 		cmd->mask.s_addr = htonl(~0);
1819 		break;
1820 	}
1821 	cmd->addr.s_addr &= cmd->mask.s_addr;
1822 	/*
1823 	 * now look if we have a set of addresses. They are stored as follows:
1824 	 *   arg1	is the set size (powers of 2, 2..256)
1825 	 *   addr	is the base address IN HOST FORMAT
1826 	 *   mask..	is an array of u_int32_t with bits set.
1827 	 */
1828 	if (p)
1829 		p = strchr(p, '{');
1830 	if (p) {	/* fetch addresses */
1831 		u_int32_t *d;
1832 		int low, high;
1833 		int i = contigmask((u_char *)&(cmd->mask), 32);
1834 
1835 		if (i < 24 || i > 31) {
1836 			fprintf(stderr, "invalid set with mask %d\n",
1837 				i);
1838 			exit(0);
1839 		}
1840 		cmd->o.arg1 = 1<<(32-i);
1841 		cmd->addr.s_addr = ntohl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
1842 		d = (u_int32_t *)&cmd->mask;
1843 		cmd->o.opcode = O_IP_DST_SET;	/* default */
1844 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32) + (cmd->o.arg1+31)/32;
1845 		for (i = 0; i < (cmd->o.arg1+31)/32 ; i++)
1846 			d[i] = 0;	/* clear masks */
1847 
1848 		av = p+1;
1849 		low = cmd->addr.s_addr & 0xff;
1850 		high = low + cmd->o.arg1 - 1;
1851 		while (isdigit(*av)) {
1852 			char *s;
1853 			u_int16_t a = strtol(av, &s, 0);
1854 
1855 			if (s == av) /* no parameter */
1856 				break;
1857 			if (a < low || a > high) {
1858 			    fprintf(stderr, "addr %d out of range [%d-%d]\n",
1859 				a, low, high);
1860 			    exit(0);
1861 			}
1862 			a -= low;
1863 			d[ a/32] |= 1<<(a & 31);
1864 			if (*s != ',')
1865 				break;
1866 			av = s+1;
1867 		}
1868 		return;
1869 	}
1870 
1871 	if (cmd->mask.s_addr == 0) { /* any */
1872 		if (cmd->o.len & F_NOT)
1873 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "not any never matches");
1874 		else	/* useless, nuke it */
1875 			return;
1876 	} else if (cmd->mask.s_addr ==  IP_MASK_ALL)	/* one IP */
1877 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
1878 	else						/* addr/mask */
1879 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_ip);
1880 }
1881 
1882 
1883 /*
1884  * helper function to process a set of flags and set bits in the
1885  * appropriate masks.
1886  */
1887 static void
1888 fill_flags(ipfw_insn *cmd, enum ipfw_opcodes opcode,
1889 	struct _s_x *flags, char *p)
1890 {
1891 	u_int8_t set=0, clear=0;
1892 
1893 	while (p && *p) {
1894 		char *q;	/* points to the separator */
1895 		int val;
1896 		u_int8_t *which;	/* mask we are working on */
1897 
1898 		if (*p == '!') {
1899 			p++;
1900 			which = &clear;
1901 		} else
1902 			which = &set;
1903 		q = strchr(p, ',');
1904 		if (q)
1905 			*q++ = '\0';
1906 		val = match_token(flags, p);
1907 		if (val <= 0)
1908 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid flag %s", p);
1909 		*which |= (u_int8_t)val;
1910 		p = q;
1911 	}
1912         cmd->opcode = opcode;
1913         cmd->len =  (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | 1;
1914         cmd->arg1 = (set & 0xff) | ( (clear & 0xff) << 8);
1915 }
1916 
1917 
1918 static void
1919 delete(int ac, char *av[])
1920 {
1921 	u_int32_t rulenum;
1922 	struct dn_pipe pipe;
1923 	int i;
1924 	int exitval = EX_OK;
1925 	int do_set = 0;
1926 
1927 	memset(&pipe, 0, sizeof pipe);
1928 
1929 	av++; ac--;
1930 	if (ac > 0 && !strncmp(*av, "set", strlen(*av))) {
1931 		do_set = 1;	/* delete set */
1932 		ac--; av++;
1933 	}
1934 
1935 	/* Rule number */
1936 	while (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
1937 		i = atoi(*av); av++; ac--;
1938 		if (do_pipe) {
1939 			if (do_pipe == 1)
1940 				pipe.pipe_nr = i;
1941 			else
1942 				pipe.fs.fs_nr = i;
1943 			i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_DUMMYNET_DEL,
1944 			    &pipe, sizeof pipe);
1945 			if (i) {
1946 				exitval = 1;
1947 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_DUMMYNET_DEL)",
1948 				    do_pipe == 1 ? pipe.pipe_nr :
1949 				    pipe.fs.fs_nr);
1950 			}
1951 		} else {
1952 			rulenum =  (i & 0xffff) | (do_set << 24);
1953 			i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL, &rulenum,
1954 			    sizeof rulenum);
1955 			if (i) {
1956 				exitval = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
1957 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_DEL)",
1958 				    rulenum);
1959 			}
1960 		}
1961 	}
1962 	if (exitval != EX_OK)
1963 		exit(exitval);
1964 }
1965 
1966 
1967 /*
1968  * fill the interface structure. We do not check the name as we can
1969  * create interfaces dynamically, so checking them at insert time
1970  * makes relatively little sense.
1971  * A '*' following the name means any unit.
1972  */
1973 static void
1974 fill_iface(ipfw_insn_if *cmd, char *arg)
1975 {
1976 	cmd->name[0] = '\0';
1977 	cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_if);
1978 
1979 	/* Parse the interface or address */
1980 	if (!strcmp(arg, "any"))
1981 		cmd->o.len = 0;		/* effectively ignore this command */
1982 	else if (!isdigit(*arg)) {
1983 		char *q;
1984 
1985 		strncpy(cmd->name, arg, sizeof(cmd->name));
1986 		cmd->name[sizeof(cmd->name) - 1] = '\0';
1987 		/* find first digit or wildcard */
1988 		for (q = cmd->name; *q && !isdigit(*q) && *q != '*'; q++)
1989 			continue;
1990 		cmd->p.unit = (*q == '*') ? -1 : atoi(q);
1991 		*q = '\0';
1992 	} else if (!inet_aton(arg, &cmd->p.ip))
1993 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad ip address ``%s''", arg);
1994 }
1995 
1996 /*
1997  * the following macro returns an error message if we run out of
1998  * arguments.
1999  */
2000 #define	NEED1(msg)	{if (!ac) errx(EX_USAGE, msg);}
2001 
2002 static void
2003 config_pipe(int ac, char **av)
2004 {
2005 	struct dn_pipe pipe;
2006 	int i;
2007 	char *end;
2008 	u_int32_t a;
2009 	void *par = NULL;
2010 
2011 	memset(&pipe, 0, sizeof pipe);
2012 
2013 	av++; ac--;
2014 	/* Pipe number */
2015 	if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
2016 		i = atoi(*av); av++; ac--;
2017 		if (do_pipe == 1)
2018 			pipe.pipe_nr = i;
2019 		else
2020 			pipe.fs.fs_nr = i;
2021 	}
2022 	while (ac > 0) {
2023 		double d;
2024 		int tok = match_token(dummynet_params, *av);
2025 		ac--; av++;
2026 
2027 		switch(tok) {
2028 		case TOK_NOERROR:
2029 			pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_NOERROR;
2030 			break;
2031 
2032 		case TOK_PLR:
2033 			NEED1("plr needs argument 0..1\n");
2034 			d = strtod(av[0], NULL);
2035 			if (d > 1)
2036 				d = 1;
2037 			else if (d < 0)
2038 				d = 0;
2039 			pipe.fs.plr = (int)(d*0x7fffffff);
2040 			ac--; av++;
2041 			break;
2042 
2043 		case TOK_QUEUE:
2044 			NEED1("queue needs queue size\n");
2045 			end = NULL;
2046 			pipe.fs.qsize = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2047 			if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k') {
2048 				pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES;
2049 				pipe.fs.qsize *= 1024;
2050 			} else if (*end == 'B' || !strncmp(end, "by", 2)) {
2051 				pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES;
2052 			}
2053 			ac--; av++;
2054 			break;
2055 
2056 		case TOK_BUCKETS:
2057 			NEED1("buckets needs argument\n");
2058 			pipe.fs.rq_size = strtoul(av[0], NULL, 0);
2059 			ac--; av++;
2060 			break;
2061 
2062 		case TOK_MASK:
2063 			NEED1("mask needs mask specifier\n");
2064 			/*
2065 			 * per-flow queue, mask is dst_ip, dst_port,
2066 			 * src_ip, src_port, proto measured in bits
2067 			 */
2068 			par = NULL;
2069 
2070 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip = 0;
2071 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_ip = 0;
2072 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_port = 0;
2073 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_port = 0;
2074 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.proto = 0;
2075 			end = NULL;
2076 
2077 			while (ac >= 1) {
2078 			    u_int32_t *p32 = NULL;
2079 			    u_int16_t *p16 = NULL;
2080 
2081 			    tok = match_token(dummynet_params, *av);
2082 			    ac--; av++;
2083 			    switch(tok) {
2084 			    case TOK_ALL:
2085 				    /*
2086 				     * special case, all bits significant
2087 				     */
2088 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip = ~0;
2089 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_ip = ~0;
2090 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_port = ~0;
2091 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_port = ~0;
2092 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.proto = ~0;
2093 				    pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_HAVE_FLOW_MASK;
2094 				    goto end_mask;
2095 
2096 			    case TOK_DSTIP:
2097 				    p32 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip;
2098 				    break;
2099 
2100 			    case TOK_SRCIP:
2101 				    p32 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_ip;
2102 				    break;
2103 
2104 			    case TOK_DSTPORT:
2105 				    p16 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_port;
2106 				    break;
2107 
2108 			    case TOK_SRCPORT:
2109 				    p16 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_port;
2110 				    break;
2111 
2112 			    case TOK_PROTO:
2113 				    break;
2114 
2115 			    default:
2116 				    ac++; av--; /* backtrack */
2117 				    goto end_mask;
2118 			    }
2119 			    if (ac < 1)
2120 				    errx(EX_USAGE, "mask: value missing");
2121 			    if (*av[0] == '/') {
2122 				    a = strtoul(av[0]+1, &end, 0);
2123 				    a = (a == 32) ? ~0 : (1 << a) - 1;
2124 			    } else
2125 				    a = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2126 			    if (p32 != NULL)
2127 				    *p32 = a;
2128 			    else if (p16 != NULL) {
2129 				    if (a > 65535)
2130 					    errx(EX_DATAERR,
2131 						"mask: must be 16 bit");
2132 				    *p16 = (u_int16_t)a;
2133 			    } else {
2134 				    if (a > 255)
2135 					    errx(EX_DATAERR,
2136 						"mask: must be 8 bit");
2137 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.proto = (u_int8_t)a;
2138 			    }
2139 			    if (a != 0)
2140 				    pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_HAVE_FLOW_MASK;
2141 			    ac--; av++;
2142 			} /* end while, config masks */
2143 end_mask:
2144 			break;
2145 
2146 		case TOK_RED:
2147 		case TOK_GRED:
2148 			NEED1("red/gred needs w_q/min_th/max_th/max_p\n");
2149 			pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_IS_RED;
2150 			if (tok == TOK_GRED)
2151 				pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_IS_GENTLE_RED;
2152 			/*
2153 			 * the format for parameters is w_q/min_th/max_th/max_p
2154 			 */
2155 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2156 			    double w_q = strtod(end, NULL);
2157 			    if (w_q > 1 || w_q <= 0)
2158 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "0 < w_q <= 1");
2159 			    pipe.fs.w_q = (int) (w_q * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2160 			}
2161 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2162 			    pipe.fs.min_th = strtoul(end, &end, 0);
2163 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k')
2164 				pipe.fs.min_th *= 1024;
2165 			}
2166 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2167 			    pipe.fs.max_th = strtoul(end, &end, 0);
2168 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k')
2169 				pipe.fs.max_th *= 1024;
2170 			}
2171 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2172 			    double max_p = strtod(end, NULL);
2173 			    if (max_p > 1 || max_p <= 0)
2174 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "0 < max_p <= 1");
2175 			    pipe.fs.max_p = (int)(max_p * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2176 			}
2177 			ac--; av++;
2178 			break;
2179 
2180 		case TOK_DROPTAIL:
2181 			pipe.fs.flags_fs &= ~(DN_IS_RED|DN_IS_GENTLE_RED);
2182 			break;
2183 
2184 		case TOK_BW:
2185 			NEED1("bw needs bandwidth or interface\n");
2186 			if (do_pipe != 1)
2187 			    errx(EX_DATAERR, "bandwidth only valid for pipes");
2188 			/*
2189 			 * set clocking interface or bandwidth value
2190 			 */
2191 			if (av[0][0] >= 'a' && av[0][0] <= 'z') {
2192 			    int l = sizeof(pipe.if_name)-1;
2193 			    /* interface name */
2194 			    strncpy(pipe.if_name, av[0], l);
2195 			    pipe.if_name[l] = '\0';
2196 			    pipe.bandwidth = 0;
2197 			} else {
2198 			    pipe.if_name[0] = '\0';
2199 			    pipe.bandwidth = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2200 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k') {
2201 				end++;
2202 				pipe.bandwidth *= 1000;
2203 			    } else if (*end == 'M') {
2204 				end++;
2205 				pipe.bandwidth *= 1000000;
2206 			    }
2207 			    if (*end == 'B' || !strncmp(end, "by", 2))
2208 				pipe.bandwidth *= 8;
2209 			    if (pipe.bandwidth < 0)
2210 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "bandwidth too large");
2211 			}
2212 			ac--; av++;
2213 			break;
2214 
2215 		case TOK_DELAY:
2216 			if (do_pipe != 1)
2217 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "delay only valid for pipes");
2218 			NEED1("delay needs argument 0..10000ms\n");
2219 			pipe.delay = strtoul(av[0], NULL, 0);
2220 			ac--; av++;
2221 			break;
2222 
2223 		case TOK_WEIGHT:
2224 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2225 				errx(EX_DATAERR,"weight only valid for queues");
2226 			NEED1("weight needs argument 0..100\n");
2227 			pipe.fs.weight = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2228 			ac--; av++;
2229 			break;
2230 
2231 		case TOK_PIPE:
2232 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2233 				errx(EX_DATAERR,"pipe only valid for queues");
2234 			NEED1("pipe needs pipe_number\n");
2235 			pipe.fs.parent_nr = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2236 			ac--; av++;
2237 			break;
2238 
2239 		default:
2240 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "unrecognised option ``%s''", *av);
2241 		}
2242 	}
2243 	if (do_pipe == 1) {
2244 		if (pipe.pipe_nr == 0)
2245 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "pipe_nr must be > 0");
2246 		if (pipe.delay > 10000)
2247 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "delay must be < 10000");
2248 	} else { /* do_pipe == 2, queue */
2249 		if (pipe.fs.parent_nr == 0)
2250 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "pipe must be > 0");
2251 		if (pipe.fs.weight >100)
2252 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "weight must be <= 100");
2253 	}
2254 	if (pipe.fs.flags_fs & DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES) {
2255 		if (pipe.fs.qsize > 1024*1024)
2256 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "queue size must be < 1MB");
2257 	} else {
2258 		if (pipe.fs.qsize > 100)
2259 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "2 <= queue size <= 100");
2260 	}
2261 	if (pipe.fs.flags_fs & DN_IS_RED) {
2262 		size_t len;
2263 		int lookup_depth, avg_pkt_size;
2264 		double s, idle, weight, w_q;
2265 		struct clockinfo clock;
2266 		int t;
2267 
2268 		if (pipe.fs.min_th >= pipe.fs.max_th)
2269 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "min_th %d must be < than max_th %d",
2270 			pipe.fs.min_th, pipe.fs.max_th);
2271 		if (pipe.fs.max_th == 0)
2272 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "max_th must be > 0");
2273 
2274 		len = sizeof(int);
2275 		if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth",
2276 			&lookup_depth, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2277 
2278 		    errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
2279 			"net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth");
2280 		if (lookup_depth == 0)
2281 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth"
2282 			" must be greater than zero");
2283 
2284 		len = sizeof(int);
2285 		if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size",
2286 			&avg_pkt_size, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2287 
2288 		    errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
2289 			"net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size");
2290 		if (avg_pkt_size == 0)
2291 			errx(EX_DATAERR,
2292 			    "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size must"
2293 			    " be greater than zero");
2294 
2295 		len = sizeof(struct clockinfo);
2296 		if (sysctlbyname("kern.clockrate", &clock, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2297 			errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")", "kern.clockrate");
2298 
2299 		/*
2300 		 * Ticks needed for sending a medium-sized packet.
2301 		 * Unfortunately, when we are configuring a WF2Q+ queue, we
2302 		 * do not have bandwidth information, because that is stored
2303 		 * in the parent pipe, and also we have multiple queues
2304 		 * competing for it. So we set s=0, which is not very
2305 		 * correct. But on the other hand, why do we want RED with
2306 		 * WF2Q+ ?
2307 		 */
2308 		if (pipe.bandwidth==0) /* this is a WF2Q+ queue */
2309 			s = 0;
2310 		else
2311 			s = clock.hz * avg_pkt_size * 8 / pipe.bandwidth;
2312 
2313 		/*
2314 		 * max idle time (in ticks) before avg queue size becomes 0.
2315 		 * NOTA:  (3/w_q) is approx the value x so that
2316 		 * (1-w_q)^x < 10^-3.
2317 		 */
2318 		w_q = ((double)pipe.fs.w_q) / (1 << SCALE_RED);
2319 		idle = s * 3. / w_q;
2320 		pipe.fs.lookup_step = (int)idle / lookup_depth;
2321 		if (!pipe.fs.lookup_step)
2322 			pipe.fs.lookup_step = 1;
2323 		weight = 1 - w_q;
2324 		for (t = pipe.fs.lookup_step; t > 0; --t)
2325 			weight *= weight;
2326 		pipe.fs.lookup_weight = (int)(weight * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2327 	}
2328 	i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE, &pipe,
2329 			    sizeof pipe);
2330 	if (i)
2331 		err(1, "setsockopt(%s)", "IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE");
2332 }
2333 
2334 static void
2335 get_mac_addr_mask(char *p, u_char *addr, u_char *mask)
2336 {
2337 	int i, l;
2338 
2339 	for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2340 		addr[i] = mask[i] = 0;
2341 	if (!strcmp(p, "any"))
2342 		return;
2343 
2344 	for (i=0; *p && i<6;i++, p++) {
2345 		addr[i] = strtol(p, &p, 16);
2346 		if (*p != ':') /* we start with the mask */
2347 			break;
2348 	}
2349 	if (*p == '/') { /* mask len */
2350 		l = strtol(p+1, &p, 0);
2351 		for (i=0; l>0; l -=8, i++)
2352 			mask[i] = (l >=8) ? 0xff : (~0) << (8-l);
2353 	} else if (*p == '&') { /* mask */
2354 		for (i=0, p++; *p && i<6;i++, p++) {
2355 			mask[i] = strtol(p, &p, 16);
2356 			if (*p != ':')
2357 				break;
2358 		}
2359 	} else if (*p == '\0') {
2360 		for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2361 			mask[i] = 0xff;
2362 	}
2363 	for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2364 		addr[i] &= mask[i];
2365 }
2366 
2367 /*
2368  * helper function, updates the pointer to cmd with the length
2369  * of the current command, and also cleans up the first word of
2370  * the new command in case it has been clobbered before.
2371  */
2372 static ipfw_insn *
2373 next_cmd(ipfw_insn *cmd)
2374 {
2375 	cmd += F_LEN(cmd);
2376 	bzero(cmd, sizeof(*cmd));
2377 	return cmd;
2378 }
2379 
2380 /*
2381  * A function to fill simple commands of size 1.
2382  * Existing flags are preserved.
2383  */
2384 static void
2385 fill_cmd(ipfw_insn *cmd, enum ipfw_opcodes opcode, int flags, u_int16_t arg)
2386 {
2387 	cmd->opcode = opcode;
2388 	cmd->len =  ((cmd->len | flags) & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | 1;
2389 	cmd->arg1 = arg;
2390 }
2391 
2392 /*
2393  * Fetch and add the MAC address and type, with masks. This generates one or
2394  * two microinstructions, and returns the pointer to the last one.
2395  */
2396 static ipfw_insn *
2397 add_mac(ipfw_insn *cmd, int ac, char *av[])
2398 {
2399 	ipfw_insn_mac *mac;
2400 
2401 	if (ac < 2)
2402 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "MAC dst src");
2403 
2404 	cmd->opcode = O_MACADDR2;
2405 	cmd->len = (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_mac);
2406 
2407 	mac = (ipfw_insn_mac *)cmd;
2408 	get_mac_addr_mask(av[0], mac->addr, mac->mask);	/* dst */
2409 	get_mac_addr_mask(av[1], &(mac->addr[6]), &(mac->mask[6])); /* src */
2410 	return cmd;
2411 }
2412 
2413 static ipfw_insn *
2414 add_mactype(ipfw_insn *cmd, int ac, char *av)
2415 {
2416 	if (ac < 1)
2417 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "missing MAC type");
2418 	if (strcmp(av, "any") != 0) { /* we have a non-null type */
2419 		fill_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, av, IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE);
2420 		cmd->opcode = O_MAC_TYPE;
2421 		return cmd;
2422 	} else
2423 		return NULL;
2424 }
2425 
2426 static ipfw_insn *
2427 add_proto(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2428 {
2429 	struct protoent *pe;
2430 	u_char proto = 0;
2431 
2432 	if (!strncmp(av, "all", strlen(av)))
2433 		; /* same as "ip" */
2434 	else if ((proto = atoi(av)) > 0)
2435 		; /* all done! */
2436 	else if ((pe = getprotobyname(av)) != NULL)
2437 		proto = pe->p_proto;
2438 	else
2439 		return NULL;
2440 	if (proto != IPPROTO_IP)
2441 		fill_cmd(cmd, O_PROTO, 0, proto);
2442 	return cmd;
2443 }
2444 
2445 static ipfw_insn *
2446 add_srcip(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2447 {
2448 	fill_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd, av);
2449 	if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_SET)			/* set */
2450 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_SET;
2451 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))		/* me */
2452 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_ME;
2453 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))	/* one IP */
2454 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC;
2455 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_ip))	/* addr/mask */
2456 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_MASK;
2457 	return cmd;
2458 }
2459 
2460 static ipfw_insn *
2461 add_dstip(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2462 {
2463 	fill_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd, av);
2464 	if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_SET)			/* set */
2465 		;
2466 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))		/* me */
2467 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST_ME;
2468 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))	/* one IP */
2469 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST;
2470 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_ip))	/* addr/mask */
2471 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST_MASK;
2472 	return cmd;
2473 }
2474 
2475 static ipfw_insn *
2476 add_ports(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av, u_char proto, int opcode)
2477 {
2478 	if (!strncmp(av, "any", strlen(av))) {
2479 		return NULL;
2480 	} else if (fill_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, av, proto)) {
2481 		/* XXX todo: check that we have a protocol with ports */
2482 		cmd->opcode = opcode;
2483 		return cmd;
2484 	}
2485 	return NULL;
2486 }
2487 
2488 /*
2489  * Parse arguments and assemble the microinstructions which make up a rule.
2490  * Rules are added into the 'rulebuf' and then copied in the correct order
2491  * into the actual rule.
2492  *
2493  * The syntax for a rule starts with the action, followed by an
2494  * optional log action, and the various match patterns.
2495  * In the assembled microcode, the first opcode must be an O_PROBE_STATE
2496  * (generated if the rule includes a keep-state option), then the
2497  * various match patterns, the "log" action, and the actual action.
2498  *
2499  */
2500 static void
2501 add(int ac, char *av[])
2502 {
2503 	/*
2504 	 * rules are added into the 'rulebuf' and then copied in
2505 	 * the correct order into the actual rule.
2506 	 * Some things that need to go out of order (prob, action etc.)
2507 	 * go into actbuf[].
2508 	 */
2509 	static u_int32_t rulebuf[255], actbuf[255], cmdbuf[255];
2510 
2511 	ipfw_insn *src, *dst, *cmd, *action, *prev;
2512 	ipfw_insn *first_cmd;	/* first match pattern */
2513 
2514 	struct ip_fw *rule;
2515 
2516 	/*
2517 	 * various flags used to record that we entered some fields.
2518 	 */
2519 	ipfw_insn *have_state = NULL;	/* check-state or keep-state */
2520 
2521 	int i;
2522 
2523 	int open_par = 0;	/* open parenthesis ( */
2524 
2525 	/* proto is here because it is used to fetch ports */
2526 	u_char proto = IPPROTO_IP;	/* default protocol */
2527 
2528 	double match_prob = 1; /* match probability, default is always match */
2529 
2530 	bzero(actbuf, sizeof(actbuf));		/* actions go here */
2531 	bzero(cmdbuf, sizeof(cmdbuf));
2532 	bzero(rulebuf, sizeof(rulebuf));
2533 
2534 	rule = (struct ip_fw *)rulebuf;
2535 	cmd = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf;
2536 	action = (ipfw_insn *)actbuf;
2537 
2538 	av++; ac--;
2539 
2540 	/* [rule N]	-- Rule number optional */
2541 	if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
2542 		rule->rulenum = atoi(*av);
2543 		av++;
2544 		ac--;
2545 	}
2546 
2547 	/* [set N]	-- set number (0..30), optional */
2548 	if (ac > 1 && !strncmp(*av, "set", strlen(*av))) {
2549 		int set = strtoul(av[1], NULL, 10);
2550 		if (set < 0 || set > 30)
2551 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal set %s", av[1]);
2552 		rule->set = set;
2553 		av += 2; ac -= 2;
2554 	}
2555 
2556 	/* [prob D]	-- match probability, optional */
2557 	if (ac > 1 && !strncmp(*av, "prob", strlen(*av))) {
2558 		match_prob = strtod(av[1], NULL);
2559 
2560 		if (match_prob <= 0 || match_prob > 1)
2561 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal match prob. %s", av[1]);
2562 		av += 2; ac -= 2;
2563 	}
2564 
2565 	/* action	-- mandatory */
2566 	NEED1("missing action");
2567 	i = match_token(rule_actions, *av);
2568 	ac--; av++;
2569 	action->len = 1;	/* default */
2570 	switch(i) {
2571 	case TOK_CHECKSTATE:
2572 		have_state = action;
2573 		action->opcode = O_CHECK_STATE;
2574 		break;
2575 
2576 	case TOK_ACCEPT:
2577 		action->opcode = O_ACCEPT;
2578 		break;
2579 
2580 	case TOK_DENY:
2581 		action->opcode = O_DENY;
2582 		action->arg1 = 0;
2583 		break;
2584 
2585 	case TOK_REJECT:
2586 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
2587 		action->arg1 = ICMP_UNREACH_HOST;
2588 		break;
2589 
2590 	case TOK_RESET:
2591 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
2592 		action->arg1 = ICMP_REJECT_RST;
2593 		break;
2594 
2595 	case TOK_UNREACH:
2596 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
2597 		NEED1("missing reject code");
2598 		fill_reject_code(&action->arg1, *av);
2599 		ac--; av++;
2600 		break;
2601 
2602 	case TOK_COUNT:
2603 		action->opcode = O_COUNT;
2604 		break;
2605 
2606 	case TOK_QUEUE:
2607 	case TOK_PIPE:
2608 		action->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_pipe);
2609 	case TOK_SKIPTO:
2610 		if (i == TOK_QUEUE)
2611 			action->opcode = O_QUEUE;
2612 		else if (i == TOK_PIPE)
2613 			action->opcode = O_PIPE;
2614 		else if (i == TOK_SKIPTO)
2615 			action->opcode = O_SKIPTO;
2616 		NEED1("missing skipto/pipe/queue number");
2617 		action->arg1 = strtoul(*av, NULL, 10);
2618 		av++; ac--;
2619 		break;
2620 
2621 	case TOK_DIVERT:
2622 	case TOK_TEE:
2623 		action->opcode = (i == TOK_DIVERT) ? O_DIVERT : O_TEE;
2624 		NEED1("missing divert/tee port");
2625 		action->arg1 = strtoul(*av, NULL, 0);
2626 		if (action->arg1 == 0) {
2627 			struct servent *s;
2628 			setservent(1);
2629 			s = getservbyname(av[0], "divert");
2630 			if (s != NULL)
2631 				action->arg1 = ntohs(s->s_port);
2632 			else
2633 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal divert/tee port");
2634 		}
2635 		ac--; av++;
2636 		break;
2637 
2638 	case TOK_FORWARD: {
2639 		ipfw_insn_sa *p = (ipfw_insn_sa *)action;
2640 		char *s, *end;
2641 
2642 		NEED1("missing forward address[:port]");
2643 
2644 		action->opcode = O_FORWARD_IP;
2645 		action->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_sa);
2646 
2647 		p->sa.sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
2648 		p->sa.sin_family = AF_INET;
2649 		p->sa.sin_port = 0;
2650 		/*
2651 		 * locate the address-port separator (':' or ',')
2652 		 */
2653 		s = strchr(*av, ':');
2654 		if (s == NULL)
2655 			s = strchr(*av, ',');
2656 		if (s != NULL) {
2657 			*(s++) = '\0';
2658 			i = strtoport(s, &end, 0 /* base */, 0 /* proto */);
2659 			if (s == end)
2660 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
2661 				    "illegal forwarding port ``%s''", s);
2662 			p->sa.sin_port = (u_short)i;
2663 		}
2664 		lookup_host(*av, &(p->sa.sin_addr));
2665 		}
2666 		ac--; av++;
2667 		break;
2668 
2669 	default:
2670 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid action %s\n", av[-1]);
2671 	}
2672 	action = next_cmd(action);
2673 
2674 	/*
2675 	 * [log [logamount N]]	-- log, optional
2676 	 *
2677 	 * If exists, it goes first in the cmdbuf, but then it is
2678 	 * skipped in the copy section to the end of the buffer.
2679 	 */
2680 	if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "log", strlen(*av))) {
2681 		ipfw_insn_log *c = (ipfw_insn_log *)cmd;
2682 
2683 		cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_log);
2684 		cmd->opcode = O_LOG;
2685 		av++; ac--;
2686 		if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "logamount", strlen(*av))) {
2687 			ac--; av++;
2688 			NEED1("logamount requires argument");
2689 			c->max_log = atoi(*av);
2690 			if (c->max_log < 0)
2691 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "logamount must be positive");
2692 			ac--; av++;
2693 		}
2694 		cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2695 	}
2696 
2697 	if (have_state)	/* must be a check-state, we are done */
2698 		goto done;
2699 
2700 #define OR_START(target)					\
2701 	if (ac && (*av[0] == '(' || *av[0] == '{')) {		\
2702 		if (open_par)					\
2703 			errx(EX_USAGE, "nested \"(\" not allowed\n"); \
2704 		prev = NULL;					\
2705 		open_par = 1;					\
2706 		if ( (av[0])[1] == '\0') {			\
2707 			ac--; av++;				\
2708 		} else						\
2709 			(*av)++;				\
2710 	}							\
2711 	target:							\
2712 
2713 
2714 #define	CLOSE_PAR						\
2715 	if (open_par) {						\
2716 		if (ac && (					\
2717 		    !strncmp(*av, ")", strlen(*av)) ||		\
2718 		    !strncmp(*av, "}", strlen(*av)) )) {	\
2719 			prev = NULL;				\
2720 			open_par = 0;				\
2721 			ac--; av++;				\
2722 		} else						\
2723 			errx(EX_USAGE, "missing \")\"\n");	\
2724 	}
2725 
2726 #define NOT_BLOCK						\
2727 	if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "not", strlen(*av))) {		\
2728 		if (cmd->len & F_NOT)				\
2729 			errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n"); \
2730 		cmd->len |= F_NOT;				\
2731 		ac--; av++;					\
2732 	}
2733 
2734 #define OR_BLOCK(target)					\
2735 	if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "or", strlen(*av))) {		\
2736 		if (prev == NULL || open_par == 0)		\
2737 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid OR block");	\
2738 		prev->len |= F_OR;				\
2739 		ac--; av++;					\
2740 		goto target;					\
2741 	}							\
2742 	CLOSE_PAR;
2743 
2744 	first_cmd = cmd;
2745 
2746 #if 0
2747 	/*
2748 	 * MAC addresses, optional.
2749 	 * If we have this, we skip the part "proto from src to dst"
2750 	 * and jump straight to the option parsing.
2751 	 */
2752 	NOT_BLOCK;
2753 	NEED1("missing protocol");
2754 	if (!strncmp(*av, "MAC", strlen(*av)) ||
2755 	    !strncmp(*av, "mac", strlen(*av))) {
2756 		ac--; av++;	/* the "MAC" keyword */
2757 		add_mac(cmd, ac, av); /* exits in case of errors */
2758 		cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2759 		ac -= 2; av += 2;	/* dst-mac and src-mac */
2760 		NOT_BLOCK;
2761 		NEED1("missing mac type");
2762 		if (add_mactype(cmd, ac, av[0]))
2763 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2764 		ac--; av++;	/* any or mac-type */
2765 		goto read_options;
2766 	}
2767 #endif
2768 
2769 	/*
2770 	 * protocol, mandatory
2771 	 */
2772     OR_START(get_proto);
2773 	NOT_BLOCK;
2774 	NEED1("missing protocol");
2775 	if (add_proto(cmd, *av)) {
2776 		av++; ac--;
2777 		if (F_LEN(cmd) == 0)	/* plain IP */
2778 			proto = 0;
2779 		else {
2780 			proto = cmd->arg1;
2781 			prev = cmd;
2782 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2783 		}
2784 	} else if (first_cmd != cmd) {
2785 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid protocol ``%s''", av);
2786 	} else
2787 		goto read_options;
2788     OR_BLOCK(get_proto);
2789 
2790 	/*
2791 	 * "from", mandatory
2792 	 */
2793 	if (!ac || strncmp(*av, "from", strlen(*av)))
2794 		errx(EX_USAGE, "missing ``from''");
2795 	ac--; av++;
2796 
2797 	/*
2798 	 * source IP, mandatory
2799 	 */
2800     OR_START(source_ip);
2801 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2802 	NEED1("missing source address");
2803 	if (add_srcip(cmd, *av)) {
2804 		ac--; av++;
2805 		if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0) {	/* ! any */
2806 			prev = cmd;
2807 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2808 		}
2809 	}
2810     OR_BLOCK(source_ip);
2811 
2812 	/*
2813 	 * source ports, optional
2814 	 */
2815 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2816 	if (ac) {
2817 		if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
2818 		    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_SRCPORT)) {
2819 			ac--; av++;
2820 			if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0)
2821 				cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2822 		}
2823 	}
2824 
2825 	/*
2826 	 * "to", mandatory
2827 	 */
2828 	if (!ac || strncmp(*av, "to", strlen(*av)))
2829 		errx(EX_USAGE, "missing ``to''");
2830 	av++; ac--;
2831 
2832 	/*
2833 	 * destination, mandatory
2834 	 */
2835     OR_START(dest_ip);
2836 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2837 	NEED1("missing dst address");
2838 	if (add_dstip(cmd, *av)) {
2839 		ac--; av++;
2840 		if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0) {	/* ! any */
2841 			prev = cmd;
2842 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2843 		}
2844 	}
2845     OR_BLOCK(dest_ip);
2846 
2847 	/*
2848 	 * dest. ports, optional
2849 	 */
2850 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2851 	if (ac) {
2852 		if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
2853 		    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_DSTPORT)) {
2854 			ac--; av++;
2855 			if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0)
2856 				cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2857 		}
2858 	}
2859 
2860 read_options:
2861 	if (ac && first_cmd == cmd) {
2862 		/*
2863 		 * nothing specified so far, store in the rule to ease
2864 		 * printout later.
2865 		 */
2866 		 rule->_pad = 1;
2867 	}
2868 	prev = NULL;
2869 	while (ac) {
2870 		char *s;
2871 		ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd32;	/* alias for cmd */
2872 
2873 		s = *av;
2874 		cmd32 = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
2875 
2876 		if (*s == '!') {	/* alternate syntax for NOT */
2877 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
2878 				errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n");
2879 			cmd->len = F_NOT;
2880 			s++;
2881 		}
2882 		i = match_token(rule_options, s);
2883 		ac--; av++;
2884 		switch(i) {
2885 		case TOK_NOT:
2886 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
2887 				errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n");
2888 			cmd->len = F_NOT;
2889 			break;
2890 
2891 		case TOK_OR:
2892 			if (open_par == 0 || prev == NULL)
2893 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid \"or\" block\n");
2894 			prev->len |= F_OR;
2895 			break;
2896 
2897 		case TOK_STARTBRACE:
2898 			if (open_par)
2899 				errx(EX_USAGE, "+nested \"(\" not allowed\n");
2900 			open_par = 1;
2901 			break;
2902 
2903 		case TOK_ENDBRACE:
2904 			if (!open_par)
2905 				errx(EX_USAGE, "+missing \")\"\n");
2906 			open_par = 0;
2907 			prev = NULL;
2908         		break;
2909 
2910 		case TOK_IN:
2911 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IN, 0, 0);
2912 			break;
2913 
2914 		case TOK_OUT:
2915 			cmd->len ^= F_NOT; /* toggle F_NOT */
2916 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IN, 0, 0);
2917 			break;
2918 
2919 		case TOK_FRAG:
2920 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_FRAG, 0, 0);
2921 			break;
2922 
2923 		case TOK_LAYER2:
2924 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_LAYER2, 0, 0);
2925 			break;
2926 
2927 		case TOK_XMIT:
2928 		case TOK_RECV:
2929 		case TOK_VIA:
2930 			NEED1("recv, xmit, via require interface name"
2931 				" or address");
2932 			fill_iface((ipfw_insn_if *)cmd, av[0]);
2933 			ac--; av++;
2934 			if (F_LEN(cmd) == 0)	/* not a valid address */
2935 				break;
2936 			if (i == TOK_XMIT)
2937 				cmd->opcode = O_XMIT;
2938 			else if (i == TOK_RECV)
2939 				cmd->opcode = O_RECV;
2940 			else if (i == TOK_VIA)
2941 				cmd->opcode = O_VIA;
2942 			break;
2943 
2944 		case TOK_ICMPTYPES:
2945 			NEED1("icmptypes requires list of types");
2946 			fill_icmptypes((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd, *av);
2947 			av++; ac--;
2948 			break;
2949 
2950 		case TOK_IPTTL:
2951 			NEED1("ipttl requires TTL");
2952 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPTTL, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
2953 			ac--; av++;
2954 			break;
2955 
2956 		case TOK_IPID:
2957 			NEED1("ipid requires length");
2958 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPID, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
2959 			ac--; av++;
2960 			break;
2961 
2962 		case TOK_IPLEN:
2963 			NEED1("iplen requires length");
2964 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPLEN, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
2965 			ac--; av++;
2966 			break;
2967 
2968 		case TOK_IPVER:
2969 			NEED1("ipver requires version");
2970 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPVER, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
2971 			ac--; av++;
2972 			break;
2973 
2974 		case TOK_IPPRECEDENCE:
2975 			NEED1("ipprecedence requires value");
2976 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPPRECEDENCE, 0,
2977 			    (strtoul(*av, NULL, 0) & 7) << 5);
2978 			ac--; av++;
2979 			break;
2980 
2981 		case TOK_IPOPTS:
2982 			NEED1("missing argument for ipoptions");
2983 			fill_flags(cmd, O_IPOPT, f_ipopts, *av);
2984 			ac--; av++;
2985 			break;
2986 
2987 		case TOK_IPTOS:
2988 			NEED1("missing argument for iptos");
2989 			fill_flags(cmd, O_IPTOS, f_iptos, *av);
2990 			ac--; av++;
2991 			break;
2992 
2993 		case TOK_UID:
2994 			NEED1("uid requires argument");
2995 		    {
2996 			char *end;
2997 			uid_t uid;
2998 			struct passwd *pwd;
2999 
3000 			cmd->opcode = O_UID;
3001 			uid = strtoul(*av, &end, 0);
3002 			pwd = (*end == '\0') ? getpwuid(uid) : getpwnam(*av);
3003 			if (pwd == NULL)
3004 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "uid \"%s\" nonexistent", *av);
3005 			cmd32->d[0] = pwd->pw_uid;
3006 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3007 			ac--; av++;
3008 		    }
3009 			break;
3010 
3011 		case TOK_GID:
3012 			NEED1("gid requires argument");
3013 		    {
3014 			char *end;
3015 			gid_t gid;
3016 			struct group *grp;
3017 
3018 			cmd->opcode = O_GID;
3019 			gid = strtoul(*av, &end, 0);
3020 			grp = (*end == '\0') ? getgrgid(gid) : getgrnam(*av);
3021 			if (grp == NULL)
3022 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "gid \"%s\" nonexistent", *av);
3023 			cmd32->d[0] = grp->gr_gid;
3024 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3025 			ac--; av++;
3026 		    }
3027 			break;
3028 
3029 		case TOK_ESTAB:
3030 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_ESTAB, 0, 0);
3031 			break;
3032 
3033 		case TOK_SETUP:
3034 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_TCPFLAGS, 0,
3035 				(TH_SYN) | ( (TH_ACK) & 0xff) <<8 );
3036 			break;
3037 
3038 		case TOK_TCPOPTS:
3039 			NEED1("missing argument for tcpoptions");
3040 			fill_flags(cmd, O_TCPOPTS, f_tcpopts, *av);
3041 			ac--; av++;
3042 			break;
3043 
3044 		case TOK_TCPSEQ:
3045 		case TOK_TCPACK:
3046 			NEED1("tcpseq/tcpack requires argument");
3047 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3048 			cmd->opcode = (i == TOK_TCPSEQ) ? O_TCPSEQ : O_TCPACK;
3049 			cmd32->d[0] = htonl(strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3050 			ac--; av++;
3051 			break;
3052 
3053 		case TOK_TCPWIN:
3054 			NEED1("tcpwin requires length");
3055 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_TCPWIN, 0,
3056 			    htons(strtoul(*av, NULL, 0)));
3057 			ac--; av++;
3058 			break;
3059 
3060 		case TOK_TCPFLAGS:
3061 			NEED1("missing argument for tcpflags");
3062 			cmd->opcode = O_TCPFLAGS;
3063 			fill_flags(cmd, O_TCPFLAGS, f_tcpflags, *av);
3064 			ac--; av++;
3065 			break;
3066 
3067 		case TOK_KEEPSTATE:
3068 			if (open_par)
3069 				errx(EX_USAGE, "keep-state cannot be part "
3070 				    "of an or block");
3071 			if (have_state)
3072 				errx(EX_USAGE, "only one of keep-state "
3073 					"and limit is allowed");
3074 			have_state = cmd;
3075 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_KEEP_STATE, 0, 0);
3076 			break;
3077 
3078 		case TOK_LIMIT:
3079 			if (open_par)
3080 				errx(EX_USAGE, "limit cannot be part "
3081 				    "of an or block");
3082 			if (have_state)
3083 				errx(EX_USAGE, "only one of keep-state "
3084 					"and limit is allowed");
3085 			NEED1("limit needs mask and # of connections");
3086 			have_state = cmd;
3087 		    {
3088 			ipfw_insn_limit *c = (ipfw_insn_limit *)cmd;
3089 
3090 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_limit);
3091 			cmd->opcode = O_LIMIT;
3092 			c->limit_mask = 0;
3093 			c->conn_limit = 0;
3094 			for (; ac >1 ;) {
3095 				int val;
3096 
3097 				val = match_token(limit_masks, *av);
3098 				if (val <= 0)
3099 					break;
3100 				c->limit_mask |= val;
3101 				ac--; av++;
3102 			}
3103 			c->conn_limit = atoi(*av);
3104 			if (c->conn_limit == 0)
3105 				errx(EX_USAGE, "limit: limit must be >0");
3106 			if (c->limit_mask == 0)
3107 				errx(EX_USAGE, "missing limit mask");
3108 			ac--; av++;
3109 		    }
3110 			break;
3111 
3112 		case TOK_PROTO:
3113 			NEED1("missing protocol");
3114 			if (add_proto(cmd, *av)) {
3115 				proto = cmd->arg1;
3116 				ac--; av++;
3117 			} else
3118 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid protocol ``%s''", av);
3119 			break;
3120 
3121 		case TOK_SRCIP:
3122 			NEED1("missing source IP");
3123 			if (add_srcip(cmd, *av)) {
3124 				ac--; av++;
3125 			}
3126 			break;
3127 
3128 		case TOK_DSTIP:
3129 			NEED1("missing destination IP");
3130 			if (add_dstip(cmd, *av)) {
3131 				ac--; av++;
3132 			}
3133 			break;
3134 
3135 		case TOK_SRCPORT:
3136 			NEED1("missing source port");
3137 			if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
3138 			    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_SRCPORT)) {
3139 				ac--; av++;
3140 			} else
3141 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid source port %s", *av);
3142 			break;
3143 
3144 		case TOK_DSTPORT:
3145 			NEED1("missing destination port");
3146 			if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
3147 			    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_DSTPORT)) {
3148 				ac--; av++;
3149 			} else
3150 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid destination port %s",
3151 				    *av);
3152 			break;
3153 
3154 		case TOK_MAC:
3155 			if (ac < 2)
3156 				errx(EX_USAGE, "MAC dst-mac src-mac");
3157 			if (add_mac(cmd, ac, av)) {
3158 				ac -= 2; av += 2;
3159 			}
3160 			break;
3161 
3162 		case TOK_MACTYPE:
3163 			NEED1("missing mac type");
3164 			if (!add_mactype(cmd, ac, *av))
3165 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid mac type %s", av);
3166 			ac--; av++;
3167 			break;
3168 
3169 		case TOK_VERREVPATH:
3170 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_VERREVPATH, 0, 0);
3171 			break;
3172 
3173 		default:
3174 			errx(EX_USAGE, "unrecognised option [%d] %s\n", i, s);
3175 		}
3176 		if (F_LEN(cmd) > 0) {	/* prepare to advance */
3177 			prev = cmd;
3178 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3179 		}
3180 	}
3181 
3182 done:
3183 	/*
3184 	 * Now copy stuff into the rule.
3185 	 * If we have a keep-state option, the first instruction
3186 	 * must be a PROBE_STATE (which is generated here).
3187 	 * If we have a LOG option, it was stored as the first command,
3188 	 * and now must be moved to the top of the action part.
3189 	 */
3190 	dst = (ipfw_insn *)rule->cmd;
3191 
3192 	/*
3193 	 * First thing to write into the command stream is the match probability.
3194 	 */
3195 	if (match_prob != 1) { /* 1 means always match */
3196 		dst->opcode = O_PROB;
3197 		dst->len = 2;
3198 		*((int32_t *)(dst+1)) = (int32_t)(match_prob * 0x7fffffff);
3199 		dst += dst->len;
3200 	}
3201 
3202 	/*
3203 	 * generate O_PROBE_STATE if necessary
3204 	 */
3205 	if (have_state && have_state->opcode != O_CHECK_STATE) {
3206 		fill_cmd(dst, O_PROBE_STATE, 0, 0);
3207 		dst = next_cmd(dst);
3208 	}
3209 	/*
3210 	 * copy all commands but O_LOG, O_KEEP_STATE, O_LIMIT
3211 	 */
3212 	for (src = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf; src != cmd; src += i) {
3213 		i = F_LEN(src);
3214 
3215 		switch (src->opcode) {
3216 		case O_LOG:
3217 		case O_KEEP_STATE:
3218 		case O_LIMIT:
3219 			break;
3220 		default:
3221 			bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3222 			dst += i;
3223 		}
3224 	}
3225 
3226 	/*
3227 	 * put back the have_state command as last opcode
3228 	 */
3229 	if (have_state && have_state->opcode != O_CHECK_STATE) {
3230 		i = F_LEN(have_state);
3231 		bcopy(have_state, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3232 		dst += i;
3233 	}
3234 	/*
3235 	 * start action section
3236 	 */
3237 	rule->act_ofs = dst - rule->cmd;
3238 
3239 	/*
3240 	 * put back O_LOG if necessary
3241 	 */
3242 	src = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf;
3243 	if ( src->opcode == O_LOG ) {
3244 		i = F_LEN(src);
3245 		bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3246 		dst += i;
3247 	}
3248 	/*
3249 	 * copy all other actions
3250 	 */
3251 	for (src = (ipfw_insn *)actbuf; src != action; src += i) {
3252 		i = F_LEN(src);
3253 		bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3254 		dst += i;
3255 	}
3256 
3257 	rule->cmd_len = (u_int32_t *)dst - (u_int32_t *)(rule->cmd);
3258 	i = (void *)dst - (void *)rule;
3259 	if (getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_ADD, rule, &i) == -1)
3260 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "getsockopt(%s)", "IP_FW_ADD");
3261 	if (!do_quiet)
3262 		show_ipfw(rule, 10, 10);
3263 }
3264 
3265 static void
3266 zero(int ac, char *av[])
3267 {
3268 	int rulenum;
3269 	int failed = EX_OK;
3270 
3271 	av++; ac--;
3272 
3273 	if (!ac) {
3274 		/* clear all entries */
3275 		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_ZERO, NULL, 0) < 0)
3276 			err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(%s)", "IP_FW_ZERO");
3277 		if (!do_quiet)
3278 			printf("Accounting cleared.\n");
3279 
3280 		return;
3281 	}
3282 
3283 	while (ac) {
3284 		/* Rule number */
3285 		if (isdigit(**av)) {
3286 			rulenum = atoi(*av);
3287 			av++;
3288 			ac--;
3289 			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP,
3290 			    IP_FW_ZERO, &rulenum, sizeof rulenum)) {
3291 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_ZERO)",
3292 				    rulenum);
3293 				failed = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
3294 			} else if (!do_quiet)
3295 				printf("Entry %d cleared\n", rulenum);
3296 		} else {
3297 			errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid rule number ``%s''", *av);
3298 		}
3299 	}
3300 	if (failed != EX_OK)
3301 		exit(failed);
3302 }
3303 
3304 static void
3305 resetlog(int ac, char *av[])
3306 {
3307 	int rulenum;
3308 	int failed = EX_OK;
3309 
3310 	av++; ac--;
3311 
3312 	if (!ac) {
3313 		/* clear all entries */
3314 		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_RESETLOG, NULL, 0) < 0)
3315 			err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(IP_FW_RESETLOG)");
3316 		if (!do_quiet)
3317 			printf("Logging counts reset.\n");
3318 
3319 		return;
3320 	}
3321 
3322 	while (ac) {
3323 		/* Rule number */
3324 		if (isdigit(**av)) {
3325 			rulenum = atoi(*av);
3326 			av++;
3327 			ac--;
3328 			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP,
3329 			    IP_FW_RESETLOG, &rulenum, sizeof rulenum)) {
3330 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_RESETLOG)",
3331 				    rulenum);
3332 				failed = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
3333 			} else if (!do_quiet)
3334 				printf("Entry %d logging count reset\n",
3335 				    rulenum);
3336 		} else {
3337 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid rule number ``%s''", *av);
3338 		}
3339 	}
3340 	if (failed != EX_OK)
3341 		exit(failed);
3342 }
3343 
3344 static void
3345 flush()
3346 {
3347 	int cmd = do_pipe ? IP_DUMMYNET_FLUSH : IP_FW_FLUSH;
3348 
3349 	if (!do_force && !do_quiet) { /* need to ask user */
3350 		int c;
3351 
3352 		printf("Are you sure? [yn] ");
3353 		fflush(stdout);
3354 		do {
3355 			c = toupper(getc(stdin));
3356 			while (c != '\n' && getc(stdin) != '\n')
3357 				if (feof(stdin))
3358 					return; /* and do not flush */
3359 		} while (c != 'Y' && c != 'N');
3360 		printf("\n");
3361 		if (c == 'N')	/* user said no */
3362 			return;
3363 	}
3364 	if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, cmd, NULL, 0) < 0)
3365 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(IP_%s_FLUSH)",
3366 		    do_pipe ? "DUMMYNET" : "FW");
3367 	if (!do_quiet)
3368 		printf("Flushed all %s.\n", do_pipe ? "pipes" : "rules");
3369 }
3370 
3371 static int
3372 ipfw_main(int ac, char **av)
3373 {
3374 	int ch;
3375 
3376 	if (ac == 1)
3377 		show_usage();
3378 
3379 	/* Set the force flag for non-interactive processes */
3380 	do_force = !isatty(STDIN_FILENO);
3381 
3382 	optind = optreset = 1;
3383 	while ((ch = getopt(ac, av, "hs:acdefNqStv")) != -1)
3384 		switch (ch) {
3385 		case 'h': /* help */
3386 			help();
3387 			break;	/* NOTREACHED */
3388 
3389 		case 's': /* sort */
3390 			do_sort = atoi(optarg);
3391 			break;
3392 		case 'a':
3393 			do_acct = 1;
3394 			break;
3395 		case 'c':
3396 			do_compact = 1;
3397 			break;
3398 		case 'd':
3399 			do_dynamic = 1;
3400 			break;
3401 		case 'e':
3402 			do_expired = 1;
3403 			break;
3404 		case 'f':
3405 			do_force = 1;
3406 			break;
3407 		case 'N':
3408 			do_resolv = 1;
3409 			break;
3410 		case 'q':
3411 			do_quiet = 1;
3412 			break;
3413 		case 'S':
3414 			show_sets = 1;
3415 			break;
3416 		case 't':
3417 			do_time = 1;
3418 			break;
3419 		case 'v': /* verbose */
3420 			verbose++;
3421 			break;
3422 		default:
3423 			show_usage();
3424 		}
3425 
3426 	ac -= optind;
3427 	av += optind;
3428 	NEED1("bad arguments, for usage summary ``ipfw''");
3429 
3430 	/*
3431 	 * optional: pipe or queue
3432 	 */
3433 	if (!strncmp(*av, "pipe", strlen(*av))) {
3434 		do_pipe = 1;
3435 		ac--;
3436 		av++;
3437 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "queue", strlen(*av))) {
3438 		do_pipe = 2;
3439 		ac--;
3440 		av++;
3441 	}
3442 	NEED1("missing command");
3443 
3444 	/*
3445 	 * for pipes and queues we normally say 'pipe NN config'
3446 	 * but the code is easier to parse as 'pipe config NN'
3447 	 * so we swap the two arguments.
3448 	 */
3449 	if (do_pipe > 0 && ac > 1 && *av[0] >= '0' && *av[0] <= '9') {
3450 		char *p = av[0];
3451 		av[0] = av[1];
3452 		av[1] = p;
3453 	}
3454 	if (!strncmp(*av, "add", strlen(*av)))
3455 		add(ac, av);
3456 	else if (do_pipe && !strncmp(*av, "config", strlen(*av)))
3457 		config_pipe(ac, av);
3458 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "delete", strlen(*av)))
3459 		delete(ac, av);
3460 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "flush", strlen(*av)))
3461 		flush();
3462 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "zero", strlen(*av)))
3463 		zero(ac, av);
3464 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "resetlog", strlen(*av)))
3465 		resetlog(ac, av);
3466 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "print", strlen(*av)) ||
3467 	         !strncmp(*av, "list", strlen(*av)))
3468 		list(ac, av);
3469 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "set", strlen(*av)))
3470 		sets_handler(ac, av);
3471 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "enable", strlen(*av)))
3472 		sysctl_handler(ac, av, 1);
3473 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "disable", strlen(*av)))
3474 		sysctl_handler(ac, av, 0);
3475 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "show", strlen(*av))) {
3476 		do_acct++;
3477 		list(ac, av);
3478 	} else
3479 		errx(EX_USAGE, "bad command `%s'", *av);
3480 	return 0;
3481 }
3482 
3483 
3484 static void
3485 ipfw_readfile(int ac, char *av[])
3486 {
3487 #define MAX_ARGS	32
3488 #define WHITESP		" \t\f\v\n\r"
3489 	char	buf[BUFSIZ];
3490 	char	*a, *p, *args[MAX_ARGS], *cmd = NULL;
3491 	char	linename[10];
3492 	int	i=0, lineno=0, qflag=0, pflag=0, status;
3493 	FILE	*f = NULL;
3494 	pid_t	preproc = 0;
3495 	int	c;
3496 
3497 	while ((c = getopt(ac, av, "p:q")) != -1) {
3498 		switch(c) {
3499 		case 'p':
3500 			pflag = 1;
3501 			cmd = optarg;
3502 			args[0] = cmd;
3503 			i = 1;
3504 			break;
3505 
3506 		case 'q':
3507 			qflag = 1;
3508 			break;
3509 
3510 		default:
3511 			errx(EX_USAGE, "bad arguments, for usage"
3512 			     " summary ``ipfw''");
3513 		}
3514 
3515 		if (pflag)
3516 			break;
3517 	}
3518 
3519 	if (pflag) {
3520 		/* Pass all but the last argument to the preprocessor. */
3521 		while (optind < ac - 1) {
3522 			if (i >= MAX_ARGS)
3523 				errx(EX_USAGE, "too many preprocessor options");
3524 			args[i++] = av[optind++];
3525 		}
3526 	}
3527 
3528 	av += optind;
3529 	ac -= optind;
3530 	if (ac != 1)
3531 		errx(EX_USAGE, "extraneous filename arguments");
3532 
3533 	if ((f = fopen(av[0], "r")) == NULL)
3534 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "fopen: %s", av[0]);
3535 
3536 	if (pflag) {
3537 		/* pipe through preprocessor (cpp or m4) */
3538 		int pipedes[2];
3539 
3540 		args[i] = 0;
3541 
3542 		if (pipe(pipedes) == -1)
3543 			err(EX_OSERR, "cannot create pipe");
3544 
3545 		switch((preproc = fork())) {
3546 		case -1:
3547 			err(EX_OSERR, "cannot fork");
3548 
3549 		case 0:
3550 			/* child */
3551 			if (dup2(fileno(f), 0) == -1
3552 			    || dup2(pipedes[1], 1) == -1)
3553 				err(EX_OSERR, "dup2()");
3554 			fclose(f);
3555 			close(pipedes[1]);
3556 			close(pipedes[0]);
3557 			execvp(cmd, args);
3558 			err(EX_OSERR, "execvp(%s) failed", cmd);
3559 
3560 		default:
3561 			/* parent */
3562 			fclose(f);
3563 			close(pipedes[1]);
3564 			if ((f = fdopen(pipedes[0], "r")) == NULL) {
3565 				int savederrno = errno;
3566 
3567 				(void)kill(preproc, SIGTERM);
3568 				errno = savederrno;
3569 				err(EX_OSERR, "fdopen()");
3570 			}
3571 		}
3572 	}
3573 
3574 	while (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, f)) {
3575 		lineno++;
3576 		sprintf(linename, "Line %d", lineno);
3577 		args[0] = linename;
3578 
3579 		if (*buf == '#')
3580 			continue;
3581 		if ((p = strchr(buf, '#')) != NULL)
3582 			*p = '\0';
3583 		i = 1;
3584 		if (qflag)
3585 			args[i++] = "-q";
3586 		for (a = strtok(buf, WHITESP);
3587 		    a && i < MAX_ARGS; a = strtok(NULL, WHITESP), i++)
3588 			args[i] = a;
3589 		if (i == (qflag? 2: 1))
3590 			continue;
3591 		if (i == MAX_ARGS)
3592 			errx(EX_USAGE, "%s: too many arguments",
3593 			    linename);
3594 		args[i] = NULL;
3595 
3596 		ipfw_main(i, args);
3597 	}
3598 	fclose(f);
3599 	if (pflag) {
3600 		if (waitpid(preproc, &status, 0) == -1)
3601 			errx(EX_OSERR, "waitpid()");
3602 		if (WIFEXITED(status) && WEXITSTATUS(status) != EX_OK)
3603 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
3604 			    "preprocessor exited with status %d",
3605 			    WEXITSTATUS(status));
3606 		else if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
3607 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
3608 			    "preprocessor exited with signal %d",
3609 			    WTERMSIG(status));
3610 	}
3611 }
3612 
3613 int
3614 main(int ac, char *av[])
3615 {
3616 	s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_RAW);
3617 	if (s < 0)
3618 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "socket");
3619 
3620 	/*
3621 	 * If the last argument is an absolute pathname, interpret it
3622 	 * as a file to be preprocessed.
3623 	 */
3624 
3625 	if (ac > 1 && av[ac - 1][0] == '/' && access(av[ac - 1], R_OK) == 0)
3626 		ipfw_readfile(ac, av);
3627 	else
3628 		ipfw_main(ac, av);
3629 	return EX_OK;
3630 }
3631