xref: /freebsd/sbin/ipfw/ipfw2.c (revision 6e0da4f753ed6b5d26395001a6194b4fdea70177)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2002-2003 Luigi Rizzo
3  * Copyright (c) 1996 Alex Nash, Paul Traina, Poul-Henning Kamp
4  * Copyright (c) 1994 Ugen J.S.Antsilevich
5  *
6  * Idea and grammar partially left from:
7  * Copyright (c) 1993 Daniel Boulet
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source forms, with and without modification,
10  * are permitted provided that this entire comment appears intact.
11  *
12  * Redistribution in binary form may occur without any restrictions.
13  * Obviously, it would be nice if you gave credit where credit is due
14  * but requiring it would be too onerous.
15  *
16  * This software is provided ``AS IS'' without any warranties of any kind.
17  *
18  * NEW command line interface for IP firewall facility
19  *
20  * $FreeBSD$
21  */
22 
23 #include <sys/param.h>
24 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
25 #include <sys/socket.h>
26 #include <sys/sockio.h>
27 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
28 #include <sys/time.h>
29 #include <sys/wait.h>
30 #include <sys/queue.h>
31 
32 #include <ctype.h>
33 #include <err.h>
34 #include <errno.h>
35 #include <grp.h>
36 #include <limits.h>
37 #include <netdb.h>
38 #include <pwd.h>
39 #include <signal.h>
40 #include <stdio.h>
41 #include <stdlib.h>
42 #include <stdarg.h>
43 #include <string.h>
44 #include <timeconv.h>	/* XXX do we need this ? */
45 #include <unistd.h>
46 #include <sysexits.h>
47 #include <unistd.h>
48 #include <fcntl.h>
49 
50 #include <net/if.h>
51 #include <net/pfvar.h>
52 #include <netinet/in.h>
53 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
54 #include <netinet/ip.h>
55 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
56 #include <netinet/ip_fw.h>
57 #include <netinet/ip_dummynet.h>
58 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
59 #include <arpa/inet.h>
60 
61 int
62 		do_resolv,		/* Would try to resolve all */
63 		do_time,		/* Show time stamps */
64 		do_quiet,		/* Be quiet in add and flush */
65 		do_pipe,		/* this cmd refers to a pipe */
66 		do_sort,		/* field to sort results (0 = no) */
67 		do_dynamic,		/* display dynamic rules */
68 		do_expired,		/* display expired dynamic rules */
69 		do_compact,		/* show rules in compact mode */
70 		do_force,		/* do not ask for confirmation */
71 		show_sets,		/* display rule sets */
72 		test_only,		/* only check syntax */
73 		comment_only,		/* only print action and comment */
74 		verbose;
75 
76 #define	IP_MASK_ALL	0xffffffff
77 /*
78  * the following macro returns an error message if we run out of
79  * arguments.
80  */
81 #define NEED1(msg)      {if (!ac) errx(EX_USAGE, msg);}
82 
83 /*
84  * _s_x is a structure that stores a string <-> token pairs, used in
85  * various places in the parser. Entries are stored in arrays,
86  * with an entry with s=NULL as terminator.
87  * The search routines are match_token() and match_value().
88  * Often, an element with x=0 contains an error string.
89  *
90  */
91 struct _s_x {
92 	char const *s;
93 	int x;
94 };
95 
96 static struct _s_x f_tcpflags[] = {
97 	{ "syn", TH_SYN },
98 	{ "fin", TH_FIN },
99 	{ "ack", TH_ACK },
100 	{ "psh", TH_PUSH },
101 	{ "rst", TH_RST },
102 	{ "urg", TH_URG },
103 	{ "tcp flag", 0 },
104 	{ NULL,	0 }
105 };
106 
107 static struct _s_x f_tcpopts[] = {
108 	{ "mss",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_MSS },
109 	{ "maxseg",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_MSS },
110 	{ "window",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_WINDOW },
111 	{ "sack",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_SACK },
112 	{ "ts",		IP_FW_TCPOPT_TS },
113 	{ "timestamp",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_TS },
114 	{ "cc",		IP_FW_TCPOPT_CC },
115 	{ "tcp option",	0 },
116 	{ NULL,	0 }
117 };
118 
119 /*
120  * IP options span the range 0 to 255 so we need to remap them
121  * (though in fact only the low 5 bits are significant).
122  */
123 static struct _s_x f_ipopts[] = {
124 	{ "ssrr",	IP_FW_IPOPT_SSRR},
125 	{ "lsrr",	IP_FW_IPOPT_LSRR},
126 	{ "rr",		IP_FW_IPOPT_RR},
127 	{ "ts",		IP_FW_IPOPT_TS},
128 	{ "ip option",	0 },
129 	{ NULL,	0 }
130 };
131 
132 static struct _s_x f_iptos[] = {
133 	{ "lowdelay",	IPTOS_LOWDELAY},
134 	{ "throughput",	IPTOS_THROUGHPUT},
135 	{ "reliability", IPTOS_RELIABILITY},
136 	{ "mincost",	IPTOS_MINCOST},
137 	{ "congestion",	IPTOS_CE},
138 	{ "ecntransport", IPTOS_ECT},
139 	{ "ip tos option", 0},
140 	{ NULL,	0 }
141 };
142 
143 static struct _s_x limit_masks[] = {
144 	{"all",		DYN_SRC_ADDR|DYN_SRC_PORT|DYN_DST_ADDR|DYN_DST_PORT},
145 	{"src-addr",	DYN_SRC_ADDR},
146 	{"src-port",	DYN_SRC_PORT},
147 	{"dst-addr",	DYN_DST_ADDR},
148 	{"dst-port",	DYN_DST_PORT},
149 	{NULL,		0}
150 };
151 
152 /*
153  * we use IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE as a fake protocol id to call the print routines
154  * This is only used in this code.
155  */
156 #define IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE	0x1000
157 static struct _s_x ether_types[] = {
158     /*
159      * Note, we cannot use "-:&/" in the names because they are field
160      * separators in the type specifications. Also, we use s = NULL as
161      * end-delimiter, because a type of 0 can be legal.
162      */
163 	{ "ip",		0x0800 },
164 	{ "ipv4",	0x0800 },
165 	{ "ipv6",	0x86dd },
166 	{ "arp",	0x0806 },
167 	{ "rarp",	0x8035 },
168 	{ "vlan",	0x8100 },
169 	{ "loop",	0x9000 },
170 	{ "trail",	0x1000 },
171 	{ "at",		0x809b },
172 	{ "atalk",	0x809b },
173 	{ "aarp",	0x80f3 },
174 	{ "pppoe_disc",	0x8863 },
175 	{ "pppoe_sess",	0x8864 },
176 	{ "ipx_8022",	0x00E0 },
177 	{ "ipx_8023",	0x0000 },
178 	{ "ipx_ii",	0x8137 },
179 	{ "ipx_snap",	0x8137 },
180 	{ "ipx",	0x8137 },
181 	{ "ns",		0x0600 },
182 	{ NULL,		0 }
183 };
184 
185 static void show_usage(void);
186 
187 enum tokens {
188 	TOK_NULL=0,
189 
190 	TOK_OR,
191 	TOK_NOT,
192 	TOK_STARTBRACE,
193 	TOK_ENDBRACE,
194 
195 	TOK_ACCEPT,
196 	TOK_COUNT,
197 	TOK_PIPE,
198 	TOK_QUEUE,
199 	TOK_DIVERT,
200 	TOK_TEE,
201 	TOK_FORWARD,
202 	TOK_SKIPTO,
203 	TOK_DENY,
204 	TOK_REJECT,
205 	TOK_RESET,
206 	TOK_UNREACH,
207 	TOK_CHECKSTATE,
208 
209 	TOK_ALTQ,
210 	TOK_LOG,
211 
212 	TOK_UID,
213 	TOK_GID,
214 	TOK_JAIL,
215 	TOK_IN,
216 	TOK_LIMIT,
217 	TOK_KEEPSTATE,
218 	TOK_LAYER2,
219 	TOK_OUT,
220 	TOK_DIVERTED,
221 	TOK_DIVERTEDLOOPBACK,
222 	TOK_DIVERTEDOUTPUT,
223 	TOK_XMIT,
224 	TOK_RECV,
225 	TOK_VIA,
226 	TOK_FRAG,
227 	TOK_IPOPTS,
228 	TOK_IPLEN,
229 	TOK_IPID,
230 	TOK_IPPRECEDENCE,
231 	TOK_IPTOS,
232 	TOK_IPTTL,
233 	TOK_IPVER,
234 	TOK_ESTAB,
235 	TOK_SETUP,
236 	TOK_TCPDATALEN,
237 	TOK_TCPFLAGS,
238 	TOK_TCPOPTS,
239 	TOK_TCPSEQ,
240 	TOK_TCPACK,
241 	TOK_TCPWIN,
242 	TOK_ICMPTYPES,
243 	TOK_MAC,
244 	TOK_MACTYPE,
245 	TOK_VERREVPATH,
246 	TOK_VERSRCREACH,
247 	TOK_ANTISPOOF,
248 	TOK_IPSEC,
249 	TOK_COMMENT,
250 
251 	TOK_PLR,
252 	TOK_NOERROR,
253 	TOK_BUCKETS,
254 	TOK_DSTIP,
255 	TOK_SRCIP,
256 	TOK_DSTPORT,
257 	TOK_SRCPORT,
258 	TOK_ALL,
259 	TOK_MASK,
260 	TOK_BW,
261 	TOK_DELAY,
262 	TOK_RED,
263 	TOK_GRED,
264 	TOK_DROPTAIL,
265 	TOK_PROTO,
266 	TOK_WEIGHT,
267 };
268 
269 struct _s_x dummynet_params[] = {
270 	{ "plr",		TOK_PLR },
271 	{ "noerror",		TOK_NOERROR },
272 	{ "buckets",		TOK_BUCKETS },
273 	{ "dst-ip",		TOK_DSTIP },
274 	{ "src-ip",		TOK_SRCIP },
275 	{ "dst-port",		TOK_DSTPORT },
276 	{ "src-port",		TOK_SRCPORT },
277 	{ "proto",		TOK_PROTO },
278 	{ "weight",		TOK_WEIGHT },
279 	{ "all",		TOK_ALL },
280 	{ "mask",		TOK_MASK },
281 	{ "droptail",		TOK_DROPTAIL },
282 	{ "red",		TOK_RED },
283 	{ "gred",		TOK_GRED },
284 	{ "bw",			TOK_BW },
285 	{ "bandwidth",		TOK_BW },
286 	{ "delay",		TOK_DELAY },
287 	{ "pipe",		TOK_PIPE },
288 	{ "queue",		TOK_QUEUE },
289 	{ "dummynet-params",	TOK_NULL },
290 	{ NULL, 0 }	/* terminator */
291 };
292 
293 struct _s_x rule_actions[] = {
294 	{ "accept",		TOK_ACCEPT },
295 	{ "pass",		TOK_ACCEPT },
296 	{ "allow",		TOK_ACCEPT },
297 	{ "permit",		TOK_ACCEPT },
298 	{ "count",		TOK_COUNT },
299 	{ "pipe",		TOK_PIPE },
300 	{ "queue",		TOK_QUEUE },
301 	{ "divert",		TOK_DIVERT },
302 	{ "tee",		TOK_TEE },
303 	{ "fwd",		TOK_FORWARD },
304 	{ "forward",		TOK_FORWARD },
305 	{ "skipto",		TOK_SKIPTO },
306 	{ "deny",		TOK_DENY },
307 	{ "drop",		TOK_DENY },
308 	{ "reject",		TOK_REJECT },
309 	{ "reset",		TOK_RESET },
310 	{ "unreach",		TOK_UNREACH },
311 	{ "check-state",	TOK_CHECKSTATE },
312 	{ "//",			TOK_COMMENT },
313 	{ NULL, 0 }	/* terminator */
314 };
315 
316 struct _s_x rule_action_params[] = {
317 	{ "altq",		TOK_ALTQ },
318 	{ "log",		TOK_LOG },
319 	{ NULL, 0 }	/* terminator */
320 };
321 
322 struct _s_x rule_options[] = {
323 	{ "uid",		TOK_UID },
324 	{ "gid",		TOK_GID },
325 	{ "jail",		TOK_JAIL },
326 	{ "in",			TOK_IN },
327 	{ "limit",		TOK_LIMIT },
328 	{ "keep-state",		TOK_KEEPSTATE },
329 	{ "bridged",		TOK_LAYER2 },
330 	{ "layer2",		TOK_LAYER2 },
331 	{ "out",		TOK_OUT },
332 	{ "diverted",		TOK_DIVERTED },
333 	{ "diverted-loopback",	TOK_DIVERTEDLOOPBACK },
334 	{ "diverted-output",	TOK_DIVERTEDOUTPUT },
335 	{ "xmit",		TOK_XMIT },
336 	{ "recv",		TOK_RECV },
337 	{ "via",		TOK_VIA },
338 	{ "fragment",		TOK_FRAG },
339 	{ "frag",		TOK_FRAG },
340 	{ "ipoptions",		TOK_IPOPTS },
341 	{ "ipopts",		TOK_IPOPTS },
342 	{ "iplen",		TOK_IPLEN },
343 	{ "ipid",		TOK_IPID },
344 	{ "ipprecedence",	TOK_IPPRECEDENCE },
345 	{ "iptos",		TOK_IPTOS },
346 	{ "ipttl",		TOK_IPTTL },
347 	{ "ipversion",		TOK_IPVER },
348 	{ "ipver",		TOK_IPVER },
349 	{ "estab",		TOK_ESTAB },
350 	{ "established",	TOK_ESTAB },
351 	{ "setup",		TOK_SETUP },
352 	{ "tcpdatalen",		TOK_TCPDATALEN },
353 	{ "tcpflags",		TOK_TCPFLAGS },
354 	{ "tcpflgs",		TOK_TCPFLAGS },
355 	{ "tcpoptions",		TOK_TCPOPTS },
356 	{ "tcpopts",		TOK_TCPOPTS },
357 	{ "tcpseq",		TOK_TCPSEQ },
358 	{ "tcpack",		TOK_TCPACK },
359 	{ "tcpwin",		TOK_TCPWIN },
360 	{ "icmptype",		TOK_ICMPTYPES },
361 	{ "icmptypes",		TOK_ICMPTYPES },
362 	{ "dst-ip",		TOK_DSTIP },
363 	{ "src-ip",		TOK_SRCIP },
364 	{ "dst-port",		TOK_DSTPORT },
365 	{ "src-port",		TOK_SRCPORT },
366 	{ "proto",		TOK_PROTO },
367 	{ "MAC",		TOK_MAC },
368 	{ "mac",		TOK_MAC },
369 	{ "mac-type",		TOK_MACTYPE },
370 	{ "verrevpath",		TOK_VERREVPATH },
371 	{ "versrcreach",	TOK_VERSRCREACH },
372 	{ "antispoof",		TOK_ANTISPOOF },
373 	{ "ipsec",		TOK_IPSEC },
374 	{ "//",			TOK_COMMENT },
375 
376 	{ "not",		TOK_NOT },		/* pseudo option */
377 	{ "!", /* escape ? */	TOK_NOT },		/* pseudo option */
378 	{ "or",			TOK_OR },		/* pseudo option */
379 	{ "|", /* escape */	TOK_OR },		/* pseudo option */
380 	{ "{",			TOK_STARTBRACE },	/* pseudo option */
381 	{ "(",			TOK_STARTBRACE },	/* pseudo option */
382 	{ "}",			TOK_ENDBRACE },		/* pseudo option */
383 	{ ")",			TOK_ENDBRACE },		/* pseudo option */
384 	{ NULL, 0 }	/* terminator */
385 };
386 
387 static __inline uint64_t
388 align_uint64(uint64_t *pll) {
389 	uint64_t ret;
390 
391 	bcopy (pll, &ret, sizeof(ret));
392 	return ret;
393 }
394 
395 /*
396  * conditionally runs the command.
397  */
398 static int
399 do_cmd(int optname, void *optval, uintptr_t optlen)
400 {
401 	static int s = -1;	/* the socket */
402 	int i;
403 
404 	if (test_only)
405 		return 0;
406 
407 	if (s == -1)
408 		s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_RAW);
409 	if (s < 0)
410 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "socket");
411 
412 	if (optname == IP_FW_GET || optname == IP_DUMMYNET_GET ||
413 	    optname == IP_FW_ADD || optname == IP_FW_TABLE_LIST ||
414 	    optname == IP_FW_TABLE_GETSIZE)
415 		i = getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, optname, optval,
416 			(socklen_t *)optlen);
417 	else
418 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, optname, optval, optlen);
419 	return i;
420 }
421 
422 /**
423  * match_token takes a table and a string, returns the value associated
424  * with the string (-1 in case of failure).
425  */
426 static int
427 match_token(struct _s_x *table, char *string)
428 {
429 	struct _s_x *pt;
430 	uint i = strlen(string);
431 
432 	for (pt = table ; i && pt->s != NULL ; pt++)
433 		if (strlen(pt->s) == i && !bcmp(string, pt->s, i))
434 			return pt->x;
435 	return -1;
436 }
437 
438 /**
439  * match_value takes a table and a value, returns the string associated
440  * with the value (NULL in case of failure).
441  */
442 static char const *
443 match_value(struct _s_x *p, int value)
444 {
445 	for (; p->s != NULL; p++)
446 		if (p->x == value)
447 			return p->s;
448 	return NULL;
449 }
450 
451 /*
452  * _substrcmp takes two strings and returns 1 if they do not match,
453  * and 0 if they match exactly or the first string is a sub-string
454  * of the second.  A warning is printed to stderr in the case that the
455  * first string is a sub-string of the second.
456  *
457  * This function will be removed in the future through the usual
458  * deprecation process.
459  */
460 static int
461 _substrcmp(const char *str1, const char* str2)
462 {
463 
464 	if (strncmp(str1, str2, strlen(str1)) != 0)
465 		return 1;
466 
467 	if (strlen(str1) != strlen(str2))
468 		warnx("DEPRECATED: '%s' matched '%s' as a sub-string",
469 		    str1, str2);
470 	return 0;
471 }
472 
473 /*
474  * _substrcmp2 takes three strings and returns 1 if the first two do not match,
475  * and 0 if they match exactly or the second string is a sub-string
476  * of the first.  A warning is printed to stderr in the case that the
477  * first string does not match the third.
478  *
479  * This function exists to warn about the bizzare construction
480  * strncmp(str, "by", 2) which is used to allow people to use a shotcut
481  * for "bytes".  The problem is that in addition to accepting "by",
482  * "byt", "byte", and "bytes", it also excepts "by_rabid_dogs" and any
483  * other string beginning with "by".
484  *
485  * This function will be removed in the future through the usual
486  * deprecation process.
487  */
488 static int
489 _substrcmp2(const char *str1, const char* str2, const char* str3)
490 {
491 
492 	if (strncmp(str1, str2, strlen(str2)) != 0)
493 		return 1;
494 
495 	if (strcmp(str1, str3) != 0)
496 		warnx("DEPRECATED: '%s' matched '%s'",
497 		    str1, str3);
498 	return 0;
499 }
500 
501 /*
502  * prints one port, symbolic or numeric
503  */
504 static void
505 print_port(int proto, uint16_t port)
506 {
507 
508 	if (proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE) {
509 		char const *s;
510 
511 		if (do_resolv && (s = match_value(ether_types, port)) )
512 			printf("%s", s);
513 		else
514 			printf("0x%04x", port);
515 	} else {
516 		struct servent *se = NULL;
517 		if (do_resolv) {
518 			struct protoent *pe = getprotobynumber(proto);
519 
520 			se = getservbyport(htons(port), pe ? pe->p_name : NULL);
521 		}
522 		if (se)
523 			printf("%s", se->s_name);
524 		else
525 			printf("%d", port);
526 	}
527 }
528 
529 struct _s_x _port_name[] = {
530 	{"dst-port",	O_IP_DSTPORT},
531 	{"src-port",	O_IP_SRCPORT},
532 	{"ipid",	O_IPID},
533 	{"iplen",	O_IPLEN},
534 	{"ipttl",	O_IPTTL},
535 	{"mac-type",	O_MAC_TYPE},
536 	{"tcpdatalen",	O_TCPDATALEN},
537 	{NULL,		0}
538 };
539 
540 /*
541  * Print the values in a list 16-bit items of the types above.
542  * XXX todo: add support for mask.
543  */
544 static void
545 print_newports(ipfw_insn_u16 *cmd, int proto, int opcode)
546 {
547 	uint16_t *p = cmd->ports;
548 	int i;
549 	char const *sep;
550 
551 	if (cmd->o.len & F_NOT)
552 		printf(" not");
553 	if (opcode != 0) {
554 		sep = match_value(_port_name, opcode);
555 		if (sep == NULL)
556 			sep = "???";
557 		printf (" %s", sep);
558 	}
559 	sep = " ";
560 	for (i = F_LEN((ipfw_insn *)cmd) - 1; i > 0; i--, p += 2) {
561 		printf(sep);
562 		print_port(proto, p[0]);
563 		if (p[0] != p[1]) {
564 			printf("-");
565 			print_port(proto, p[1]);
566 		}
567 		sep = ",";
568 	}
569 }
570 
571 /*
572  * Like strtol, but also translates service names into port numbers
573  * for some protocols.
574  * In particular:
575  *	proto == -1 disables the protocol check;
576  *	proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE looks up an internal table
577  *	proto == <some value in /etc/protocols> matches the values there.
578  * Returns *end == s in case the parameter is not found.
579  */
580 static int
581 strtoport(char *s, char **end, int base, int proto)
582 {
583 	char *p, *buf;
584 	char *s1;
585 	int i;
586 
587 	*end = s;		/* default - not found */
588 	if (*s == '\0')
589 		return 0;	/* not found */
590 
591 	if (isdigit(*s))
592 		return strtol(s, end, base);
593 
594 	/*
595 	 * find separator. '\\' escapes the next char.
596 	 */
597 	for (s1 = s; *s1 && (isalnum(*s1) || *s1 == '\\') ; s1++)
598 		if (*s1 == '\\' && s1[1] != '\0')
599 			s1++;
600 
601 	buf = malloc(s1 - s + 1);
602 	if (buf == NULL)
603 		return 0;
604 
605 	/*
606 	 * copy into a buffer skipping backslashes
607 	 */
608 	for (p = s, i = 0; p != s1 ; p++)
609 		if (*p != '\\')
610 			buf[i++] = *p;
611 	buf[i++] = '\0';
612 
613 	if (proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE) {
614 		i = match_token(ether_types, buf);
615 		free(buf);
616 		if (i != -1) {	/* found */
617 			*end = s1;
618 			return i;
619 		}
620 	} else {
621 		struct protoent *pe = NULL;
622 		struct servent *se;
623 
624 		if (proto != 0)
625 			pe = getprotobynumber(proto);
626 		setservent(1);
627 		se = getservbyname(buf, pe ? pe->p_name : NULL);
628 		free(buf);
629 		if (se != NULL) {
630 			*end = s1;
631 			return ntohs(se->s_port);
632 		}
633 	}
634 	return 0;	/* not found */
635 }
636 
637 /*
638  * Map between current altq queue id numbers and names.
639  */
640 static int altq_fetched = 0;
641 static TAILQ_HEAD(, pf_altq) altq_entries =
642 	TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(altq_entries);
643 
644 static void
645 altq_set_enabled(int enabled)
646 {
647 	int pffd;
648 
649 	pffd = open("/dev/pf", O_RDWR);
650 	if (pffd == -1)
651 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
652 		    "altq support opening pf(4) control device");
653 	if (enabled) {
654 		if (ioctl(pffd, DIOCSTARTALTQ) != 0 && errno != EEXIST)
655 			err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "enabling altq");
656 	} else {
657 		if (ioctl(pffd, DIOCSTOPALTQ) != 0 && errno != ENOENT)
658 			err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "disabling altq");
659 	}
660 	close(pffd);
661 }
662 
663 static void
664 altq_fetch()
665 {
666 	struct pfioc_altq pfioc;
667 	struct pf_altq *altq;
668 	int pffd, mnr;
669 
670 	if (altq_fetched)
671 		return;
672 	altq_fetched = 1;
673 	pffd = open("/dev/pf", O_RDONLY);
674 	if (pffd == -1) {
675 		warn("altq support opening pf(4) control device");
676 		return;
677 	}
678 	bzero(&pfioc, sizeof(pfioc));
679 	if (ioctl(pffd, DIOCGETALTQS, &pfioc) != 0) {
680 		warn("altq support getting queue list");
681 		close(pffd);
682 		return;
683 	}
684 	mnr = pfioc.nr;
685 	for (pfioc.nr = 0; pfioc.nr < mnr; pfioc.nr++) {
686 		if (ioctl(pffd, DIOCGETALTQ, &pfioc) != 0) {
687 			if (errno == EBUSY)
688 				break;
689 			warn("altq support getting queue list");
690 			close(pffd);
691 			return;
692 		}
693 		if (pfioc.altq.qid == 0)
694 			continue;
695 		altq = malloc(sizeof(*altq));
696 		if (altq == NULL)
697 			err(EX_OSERR, "malloc");
698 		*altq = pfioc.altq;
699 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&altq_entries, altq, entries);
700 	}
701 	close(pffd);
702 }
703 
704 static u_int32_t
705 altq_name_to_qid(const char *name)
706 {
707 	struct pf_altq *altq;
708 
709 	altq_fetch();
710 	TAILQ_FOREACH(altq, &altq_entries, entries)
711 		if (strcmp(name, altq->qname) == 0)
712 			break;
713 	if (altq == NULL)
714 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "altq has no queue named `%s'", name);
715 	return altq->qid;
716 }
717 
718 static const char *
719 altq_qid_to_name(u_int32_t qid)
720 {
721 	struct pf_altq *altq;
722 
723 	altq_fetch();
724 	TAILQ_FOREACH(altq, &altq_entries, entries)
725 		if (qid == altq->qid)
726 			break;
727 	if (altq == NULL)
728 		return NULL;
729 	return altq->qname;
730 }
731 
732 static void
733 fill_altq_qid(u_int32_t *qid, const char *av)
734 {
735 	*qid = altq_name_to_qid(av);
736 }
737 
738 /*
739  * Fill the body of the command with the list of port ranges.
740  */
741 static int
742 fill_newports(ipfw_insn_u16 *cmd, char *av, int proto)
743 {
744 	uint16_t a, b, *p = cmd->ports;
745 	int i = 0;
746 	char *s = av;
747 
748 	while (*s) {
749 		a = strtoport(av, &s, 0, proto);
750 		if (s == av) /* no parameter */
751 			break;
752 		if (*s == '-') { /* a range */
753 			av = s+1;
754 			b = strtoport(av, &s, 0, proto);
755 			if (s == av) /* no parameter */
756 				break;
757 			p[0] = a;
758 			p[1] = b;
759 		} else if (*s == ',' || *s == '\0' )
760 			p[0] = p[1] = a;
761 		else 	/* invalid separator */
762 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid separator <%c> in <%s>\n",
763 				*s, av);
764 		i++;
765 		p += 2;
766 		av = s+1;
767 	}
768 	if (i > 0) {
769 		if (i+1 > F_LEN_MASK)
770 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "too many ports/ranges\n");
771 		cmd->o.len |= i+1; /* leave F_NOT and F_OR untouched */
772 	}
773 	return i;
774 }
775 
776 static struct _s_x icmpcodes[] = {
777       { "net",			ICMP_UNREACH_NET },
778       { "host",			ICMP_UNREACH_HOST },
779       { "protocol",		ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL },
780       { "port",			ICMP_UNREACH_PORT },
781       { "needfrag",		ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG },
782       { "srcfail",		ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL },
783       { "net-unknown",		ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN },
784       { "host-unknown",		ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN },
785       { "isolated",		ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED },
786       { "net-prohib",		ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB },
787       { "host-prohib",		ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB },
788       { "tosnet",		ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET },
789       { "toshost",		ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST },
790       { "filter-prohib",	ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB },
791       { "host-precedence",	ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PRECEDENCE },
792       { "precedence-cutoff",	ICMP_UNREACH_PRECEDENCE_CUTOFF },
793       { NULL, 0 }
794 };
795 
796 static void
797 fill_reject_code(u_short *codep, char *str)
798 {
799 	int val;
800 	char *s;
801 
802 	val = strtoul(str, &s, 0);
803 	if (s == str || *s != '\0' || val >= 0x100)
804 		val = match_token(icmpcodes, str);
805 	if (val < 0)
806 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "unknown ICMP unreachable code ``%s''", str);
807 	*codep = val;
808 	return;
809 }
810 
811 static void
812 print_reject_code(uint16_t code)
813 {
814 	char const *s = match_value(icmpcodes, code);
815 
816 	if (s != NULL)
817 		printf("unreach %s", s);
818 	else
819 		printf("unreach %u", code);
820 }
821 
822 /*
823  * Returns the number of bits set (from left) in a contiguous bitmask,
824  * or -1 if the mask is not contiguous.
825  * XXX this needs a proper fix.
826  * This effectively works on masks in big-endian (network) format.
827  * when compiled on little endian architectures.
828  *
829  * First bit is bit 7 of the first byte -- note, for MAC addresses,
830  * the first bit on the wire is bit 0 of the first byte.
831  * len is the max length in bits.
832  */
833 static int
834 contigmask(uint8_t *p, int len)
835 {
836 	int i, n;
837 
838 	for (i=0; i<len ; i++)
839 		if ( (p[i/8] & (1 << (7 - (i%8)))) == 0) /* first bit unset */
840 			break;
841 	for (n=i+1; n < len; n++)
842 		if ( (p[n/8] & (1 << (7 - (n%8)))) != 0)
843 			return -1; /* mask not contiguous */
844 	return i;
845 }
846 
847 /*
848  * print flags set/clear in the two bitmasks passed as parameters.
849  * There is a specialized check for f_tcpflags.
850  */
851 static void
852 print_flags(char const *name, ipfw_insn *cmd, struct _s_x *list)
853 {
854 	char const *comma = "";
855 	int i;
856 	uint8_t set = cmd->arg1 & 0xff;
857 	uint8_t clear = (cmd->arg1 >> 8) & 0xff;
858 
859 	if (list == f_tcpflags && set == TH_SYN && clear == TH_ACK) {
860 		printf(" setup");
861 		return;
862 	}
863 
864 	printf(" %s ", name);
865 	for (i=0; list[i].x != 0; i++) {
866 		if (set & list[i].x) {
867 			set &= ~list[i].x;
868 			printf("%s%s", comma, list[i].s);
869 			comma = ",";
870 		}
871 		if (clear & list[i].x) {
872 			clear &= ~list[i].x;
873 			printf("%s!%s", comma, list[i].s);
874 			comma = ",";
875 		}
876 	}
877 }
878 
879 /*
880  * Print the ip address contained in a command.
881  */
882 static void
883 print_ip(ipfw_insn_ip *cmd, char const *s)
884 {
885 	struct hostent *he = NULL;
886 	int len = F_LEN((ipfw_insn *)cmd);
887 	uint32_t *a = ((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd)->d;
888 
889 	printf("%s%s ", cmd->o.len & F_NOT ? " not": "", s);
890 
891 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC_ME || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST_ME) {
892 		printf("me");
893 		return;
894 	}
895 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC_LOOKUP ||
896 	    cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST_LOOKUP) {
897 		printf("table(%u", ((ipfw_insn *)cmd)->arg1);
898 		if (len == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))
899 			printf(",%u", *a);
900 		printf(")");
901 		return;
902 	}
903 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC_SET || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST_SET) {
904 		uint32_t x, *map = (uint32_t *)&(cmd->mask);
905 		int i, j;
906 		char comma = '{';
907 
908 		x = cmd->o.arg1 - 1;
909 		x = htonl( ~x );
910 		cmd->addr.s_addr = htonl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
911 		printf("%s/%d", inet_ntoa(cmd->addr),
912 			contigmask((uint8_t *)&x, 32));
913 		x = cmd->addr.s_addr = htonl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
914 		x &= 0xff; /* base */
915 		/*
916 		 * Print bits and ranges.
917 		 * Locate first bit set (i), then locate first bit unset (j).
918 		 * If we have 3+ consecutive bits set, then print them as a
919 		 * range, otherwise only print the initial bit and rescan.
920 		 */
921 		for (i=0; i < cmd->o.arg1; i++)
922 			if (map[i/32] & (1<<(i & 31))) {
923 				for (j=i+1; j < cmd->o.arg1; j++)
924 					if (!(map[ j/32] & (1<<(j & 31))))
925 						break;
926 				printf("%c%d", comma, i+x);
927 				if (j>i+2) { /* range has at least 3 elements */
928 					printf("-%d", j-1+x);
929 					i = j-1;
930 				}
931 				comma = ',';
932 			}
933 		printf("}");
934 		return;
935 	}
936 	/*
937 	 * len == 2 indicates a single IP, whereas lists of 1 or more
938 	 * addr/mask pairs have len = (2n+1). We convert len to n so we
939 	 * use that to count the number of entries.
940 	 */
941     for (len = len / 2; len > 0; len--, a += 2) {
942 	int mb =	/* mask length */
943 	    (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST) ?
944 		32 : contigmask((uint8_t *)&(a[1]), 32);
945 	if (mb == 32 && do_resolv)
946 		he = gethostbyaddr((char *)&(a[0]), sizeof(u_long), AF_INET);
947 	if (he != NULL)		/* resolved to name */
948 		printf("%s", he->h_name);
949 	else if (mb == 0)	/* any */
950 		printf("any");
951 	else {		/* numeric IP followed by some kind of mask */
952 		printf("%s", inet_ntoa( *((struct in_addr *)&a[0]) ) );
953 		if (mb < 0)
954 			printf(":%s", inet_ntoa( *((struct in_addr *)&a[1]) ) );
955 		else if (mb < 32)
956 			printf("/%d", mb);
957 	}
958 	if (len > 1)
959 		printf(",");
960     }
961 }
962 
963 /*
964  * prints a MAC address/mask pair
965  */
966 static void
967 print_mac(uint8_t *addr, uint8_t *mask)
968 {
969 	int l = contigmask(mask, 48);
970 
971 	if (l == 0)
972 		printf(" any");
973 	else {
974 		printf(" %02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
975 		    addr[0], addr[1], addr[2], addr[3], addr[4], addr[5]);
976 		if (l == -1)
977 			printf("&%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
978 			    mask[0], mask[1], mask[2],
979 			    mask[3], mask[4], mask[5]);
980 		else if (l < 48)
981 			printf("/%d", l);
982 	}
983 }
984 
985 static void
986 fill_icmptypes(ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd, char *av)
987 {
988 	uint8_t type;
989 
990 	cmd->d[0] = 0;
991 	while (*av) {
992 		if (*av == ',')
993 			av++;
994 
995 		type = strtoul(av, &av, 0);
996 
997 		if (*av != ',' && *av != '\0')
998 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid ICMP type");
999 
1000 		if (type > 31)
1001 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "ICMP type out of range");
1002 
1003 		cmd->d[0] |= 1 << type;
1004 	}
1005 	cmd->o.opcode = O_ICMPTYPE;
1006 	cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
1007 }
1008 
1009 static void
1010 print_icmptypes(ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd)
1011 {
1012 	int i;
1013 	char sep= ' ';
1014 
1015 	printf(" icmptypes");
1016 	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
1017 		if ( (cmd->d[0] & (1 << (i))) == 0)
1018 			continue;
1019 		printf("%c%d", sep, i);
1020 		sep = ',';
1021 	}
1022 }
1023 
1024 /*
1025  * show_ipfw() prints the body of an ipfw rule.
1026  * Because the standard rule has at least proto src_ip dst_ip, we use
1027  * a helper function to produce these entries if not provided explicitly.
1028  * The first argument is the list of fields we have, the second is
1029  * the list of fields we want to be printed.
1030  *
1031  * Special cases if we have provided a MAC header:
1032  *   + if the rule does not contain IP addresses/ports, do not print them;
1033  *   + if the rule does not contain an IP proto, print "all" instead of "ip";
1034  *
1035  * Once we have 'have_options', IP header fields are printed as options.
1036  */
1037 #define	HAVE_PROTO	0x0001
1038 #define	HAVE_SRCIP	0x0002
1039 #define	HAVE_DSTIP	0x0004
1040 #define	HAVE_MAC	0x0008
1041 #define	HAVE_MACTYPE	0x0010
1042 #define	HAVE_OPTIONS	0x8000
1043 
1044 #define	HAVE_IP		(HAVE_PROTO | HAVE_SRCIP | HAVE_DSTIP)
1045 static void
1046 show_prerequisites(int *flags, int want, int cmd)
1047 {
1048 	if (comment_only)
1049 		return;
1050 	if ( (*flags & HAVE_IP) == HAVE_IP)
1051 		*flags |= HAVE_OPTIONS;
1052 
1053 	if ( (*flags & (HAVE_MAC|HAVE_MACTYPE|HAVE_OPTIONS)) == HAVE_MAC &&
1054 	     cmd != O_MAC_TYPE) {
1055 		/*
1056 		 * mac-type was optimized out by the compiler,
1057 		 * restore it
1058 		 */
1059 		printf(" any");
1060 		*flags |= HAVE_MACTYPE | HAVE_OPTIONS;
1061 		return;
1062 	}
1063 	if ( !(*flags & HAVE_OPTIONS)) {
1064 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_PROTO) && (want & HAVE_PROTO))
1065 			printf(" ip");
1066 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_SRCIP) && (want & HAVE_SRCIP))
1067 			printf(" from any");
1068 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_DSTIP) && (want & HAVE_DSTIP))
1069 			printf(" to any");
1070 	}
1071 	*flags |= want;
1072 }
1073 
1074 static void
1075 show_ipfw(struct ip_fw *rule, int pcwidth, int bcwidth)
1076 {
1077 	static int twidth = 0;
1078 	int l;
1079 	ipfw_insn *cmd;
1080 	char *comment = NULL;	/* ptr to comment if we have one */
1081 	int proto = 0;		/* default */
1082 	int flags = 0;	/* prerequisites */
1083 	ipfw_insn_log *logptr = NULL; /* set if we find an O_LOG */
1084 	ipfw_insn_altq *altqptr = NULL; /* set if we find an O_ALTQ */
1085 	int or_block = 0;	/* we are in an or block */
1086 	uint32_t set_disable;
1087 
1088 	bcopy(&rule->next_rule, &set_disable, sizeof(set_disable));
1089 
1090 	if (set_disable & (1 << rule->set)) { /* disabled */
1091 		if (!show_sets)
1092 			return;
1093 		else
1094 			printf("# DISABLED ");
1095 	}
1096 	printf("%05u ", rule->rulenum);
1097 
1098 	if (pcwidth>0 || bcwidth>0)
1099 		printf("%*llu %*llu ", pcwidth, align_uint64(&rule->pcnt),
1100 		    bcwidth, align_uint64(&rule->bcnt));
1101 
1102 	if (do_time == 2)
1103 		printf("%10u ", rule->timestamp);
1104 	else if (do_time == 1) {
1105 		char timestr[30];
1106 		time_t t = (time_t)0;
1107 
1108 		if (twidth == 0) {
1109 			strcpy(timestr, ctime(&t));
1110 			*strchr(timestr, '\n') = '\0';
1111 			twidth = strlen(timestr);
1112 		}
1113 		if (rule->timestamp) {
1114 #if _FreeBSD_version < 500000 /* XXX check */
1115 #define	_long_to_time(x)	(time_t)(x)
1116 #endif
1117 			t = _long_to_time(rule->timestamp);
1118 
1119 			strcpy(timestr, ctime(&t));
1120 			*strchr(timestr, '\n') = '\0';
1121 			printf("%s ", timestr);
1122 		} else {
1123 			printf("%*s", twidth, " ");
1124 		}
1125 	}
1126 
1127 	if (show_sets)
1128 		printf("set %d ", rule->set);
1129 
1130 	/*
1131 	 * print the optional "match probability"
1132 	 */
1133 	if (rule->cmd_len > 0) {
1134 		cmd = rule->cmd ;
1135 		if (cmd->opcode == O_PROB) {
1136 			ipfw_insn_u32 *p = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
1137 			double d = 1.0 * p->d[0];
1138 
1139 			d = (d / 0x7fffffff);
1140 			printf("prob %f ", d);
1141 		}
1142 	}
1143 
1144 	/*
1145 	 * first print actions
1146 	 */
1147         for (l = rule->cmd_len - rule->act_ofs, cmd = ACTION_PTR(rule);
1148 			l > 0 ; l -= F_LEN(cmd), cmd += F_LEN(cmd)) {
1149 		switch(cmd->opcode) {
1150 		case O_CHECK_STATE:
1151 			printf("check-state");
1152 			flags = HAVE_IP; /* avoid printing anything else */
1153 			break;
1154 
1155 		case O_ACCEPT:
1156 			printf("allow");
1157 			break;
1158 
1159 		case O_COUNT:
1160 			printf("count");
1161 			break;
1162 
1163 		case O_DENY:
1164 			printf("deny");
1165 			break;
1166 
1167 		case O_REJECT:
1168 			if (cmd->arg1 == ICMP_REJECT_RST)
1169 				printf("reset");
1170 			else if (cmd->arg1 == ICMP_UNREACH_HOST)
1171 				printf("reject");
1172 			else
1173 				print_reject_code(cmd->arg1);
1174 			break;
1175 
1176 		case O_SKIPTO:
1177 			printf("skipto %u", cmd->arg1);
1178 			break;
1179 
1180 		case O_PIPE:
1181 			printf("pipe %u", cmd->arg1);
1182 			break;
1183 
1184 		case O_QUEUE:
1185 			printf("queue %u", cmd->arg1);
1186 			break;
1187 
1188 		case O_DIVERT:
1189 			printf("divert %u", cmd->arg1);
1190 			break;
1191 
1192 		case O_TEE:
1193 			printf("tee %u", cmd->arg1);
1194 			break;
1195 
1196 		case O_FORWARD_IP:
1197 		    {
1198 			ipfw_insn_sa *s = (ipfw_insn_sa *)cmd;
1199 
1200 			printf("fwd %s", inet_ntoa(s->sa.sin_addr));
1201 			if (s->sa.sin_port)
1202 				printf(",%d", s->sa.sin_port);
1203 		    }
1204 			break;
1205 
1206 		case O_LOG: /* O_LOG is printed last */
1207 			logptr = (ipfw_insn_log *)cmd;
1208 			break;
1209 
1210 		case O_ALTQ: /* O_ALTQ is printed after O_LOG */
1211 			altqptr = (ipfw_insn_altq *)cmd;
1212 			break;
1213 
1214 		default:
1215 			printf("** unrecognized action %d len %d ",
1216 				cmd->opcode, cmd->len);
1217 		}
1218 	}
1219 	if (logptr) {
1220 		if (logptr->max_log > 0)
1221 			printf(" log logamount %d", logptr->max_log);
1222 		else
1223 			printf(" log");
1224 	}
1225 	if (altqptr) {
1226 		const char *qname;
1227 
1228 		qname = altq_qid_to_name(altqptr->qid);
1229 		if (qname == NULL)
1230 			printf(" altq ?<%u>", altqptr->qid);
1231 		else
1232 			printf(" altq %s", qname);
1233 	}
1234 
1235 	/*
1236 	 * then print the body.
1237 	 */
1238 	if (rule->_pad & 1) {	/* empty rules before options */
1239 		if (!do_compact)
1240 			printf(" ip from any to any");
1241 		flags |= HAVE_IP | HAVE_OPTIONS;
1242 	}
1243 
1244 	if (comment_only)
1245 		comment = "...";
1246 
1247         for (l = rule->act_ofs, cmd = rule->cmd ;
1248 			l > 0 ; l -= F_LEN(cmd) , cmd += F_LEN(cmd)) {
1249 		/* useful alias */
1250 		ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd32 = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
1251 
1252 		if (comment_only) {
1253 			if (cmd->opcode != O_NOP)
1254 				continue;
1255 			printf(" // %s\n", (char *)(cmd + 1));
1256 			return;
1257 		}
1258 
1259 		show_prerequisites(&flags, 0, cmd->opcode);
1260 
1261 		switch(cmd->opcode) {
1262 		case O_PROB:
1263 			break;	/* done already */
1264 
1265 		case O_PROBE_STATE:
1266 			break; /* no need to print anything here */
1267 
1268 		case O_MACADDR2: {
1269 			ipfw_insn_mac *m = (ipfw_insn_mac *)cmd;
1270 
1271 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1272 				printf(" {");
1273 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
1274 				printf(" not");
1275 			printf(" MAC");
1276 			flags |= HAVE_MAC;
1277 			print_mac(m->addr, m->mask);
1278 			print_mac(m->addr + 6, m->mask + 6);
1279 			}
1280 			break;
1281 
1282 		case O_MAC_TYPE:
1283 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1284 				printf(" {");
1285 			print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE,
1286 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? cmd->opcode : 0);
1287 			flags |= HAVE_MAC | HAVE_MACTYPE | HAVE_OPTIONS;
1288 			break;
1289 
1290 		case O_IP_SRC:
1291 		case O_IP_SRC_LOOKUP:
1292 		case O_IP_SRC_MASK:
1293 		case O_IP_SRC_ME:
1294 		case O_IP_SRC_SET:
1295 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO, 0);
1296 			if (!(flags & HAVE_SRCIP))
1297 				printf(" from");
1298 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1299 				printf(" {");
1300 			print_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd,
1301 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? " src-ip" : "");
1302 			flags |= HAVE_SRCIP;
1303 			break;
1304 
1305 		case O_IP_DST:
1306 		case O_IP_DST_LOOKUP:
1307 		case O_IP_DST_MASK:
1308 		case O_IP_DST_ME:
1309 		case O_IP_DST_SET:
1310 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO|HAVE_SRCIP, 0);
1311 			if (!(flags & HAVE_DSTIP))
1312 				printf(" to");
1313 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1314 				printf(" {");
1315 			print_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd,
1316 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? " dst-ip" : "");
1317 			flags |= HAVE_DSTIP;
1318 			break;
1319 
1320 		case O_IP_DSTPORT:
1321 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP, 0);
1322 		case O_IP_SRCPORT:
1323 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO|HAVE_SRCIP, 0);
1324 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1325 				printf(" {");
1326 			print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, proto,
1327 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? cmd->opcode : 0);
1328 			break;
1329 
1330 		case O_PROTO: {
1331 			struct protoent *pe;
1332 
1333 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1334 				printf(" {");
1335 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
1336 				printf(" not");
1337 			proto = cmd->arg1;
1338 			pe = getprotobynumber(cmd->arg1);
1339 			if (flags & HAVE_OPTIONS)
1340 				printf(" proto");
1341 			if (pe)
1342 				printf(" %s", pe->p_name);
1343 			else
1344 				printf(" %u", cmd->arg1);
1345 			}
1346 			flags |= HAVE_PROTO;
1347 			break;
1348 
1349 		default: /*options ... */
1350 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP | HAVE_OPTIONS, 0);
1351 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1352 				printf(" {");
1353 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT && cmd->opcode != O_IN)
1354 				printf(" not");
1355 			switch(cmd->opcode) {
1356 			case O_FRAG:
1357 				printf(" frag");
1358 				break;
1359 
1360 			case O_IN:
1361 				printf(cmd->len & F_NOT ? " out" : " in");
1362 				break;
1363 
1364 			case O_DIVERTED:
1365 				switch (cmd->arg1) {
1366 				case 3:
1367 					printf(" diverted");
1368 					break;
1369 				case 1:
1370 					printf(" diverted-loopback");
1371 					break;
1372 				case 2:
1373 					printf(" diverted-output");
1374 					break;
1375 				default:
1376 					printf(" diverted-?<%u>", cmd->arg1);
1377 					break;
1378 				}
1379 				break;
1380 
1381 			case O_LAYER2:
1382 				printf(" layer2");
1383 				break;
1384 			case O_XMIT:
1385 			case O_RECV:
1386 			case O_VIA: {
1387 				char const *s;
1388 				ipfw_insn_if *cmdif = (ipfw_insn_if *)cmd;
1389 
1390 				if (cmd->opcode == O_XMIT)
1391 					s = "xmit";
1392 				else if (cmd->opcode == O_RECV)
1393 					s = "recv";
1394 				else /* if (cmd->opcode == O_VIA) */
1395 					s = "via";
1396 				if (cmdif->name[0] == '\0')
1397 					printf(" %s %s", s,
1398 					    inet_ntoa(cmdif->p.ip));
1399 				printf(" %s %s", s, cmdif->name);
1400 				}
1401 				break;
1402 
1403 			case O_IPID:
1404 				if (F_LEN(cmd) == 1)
1405 				    printf(" ipid %u", cmd->arg1 );
1406 				else
1407 				    print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, 0,
1408 					O_IPID);
1409 				break;
1410 
1411 			case O_IPTTL:
1412 				if (F_LEN(cmd) == 1)
1413 				    printf(" ipttl %u", cmd->arg1 );
1414 				else
1415 				    print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, 0,
1416 					O_IPTTL);
1417 				break;
1418 
1419 			case O_IPVER:
1420 				printf(" ipver %u", cmd->arg1 );
1421 				break;
1422 
1423 			case O_IPPRECEDENCE:
1424 				printf(" ipprecedence %u", (cmd->arg1) >> 5 );
1425 				break;
1426 
1427 			case O_IPLEN:
1428 				if (F_LEN(cmd) == 1)
1429 				    printf(" iplen %u", cmd->arg1 );
1430 				else
1431 				    print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, 0,
1432 					O_IPLEN);
1433 				break;
1434 
1435 			case O_IPOPT:
1436 				print_flags("ipoptions", cmd, f_ipopts);
1437 				break;
1438 
1439 			case O_IPTOS:
1440 				print_flags("iptos", cmd, f_iptos);
1441 				break;
1442 
1443 			case O_ICMPTYPE:
1444 				print_icmptypes((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd);
1445 				break;
1446 
1447 			case O_ESTAB:
1448 				printf(" established");
1449 				break;
1450 
1451 			case O_TCPDATALEN:
1452 				if (F_LEN(cmd) == 1)
1453 				    printf(" tcpdatalen %u", cmd->arg1 );
1454 				else
1455 				    print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, 0,
1456 					O_TCPDATALEN);
1457 				break;
1458 
1459 			case O_TCPFLAGS:
1460 				print_flags("tcpflags", cmd, f_tcpflags);
1461 				break;
1462 
1463 			case O_TCPOPTS:
1464 				print_flags("tcpoptions", cmd, f_tcpopts);
1465 				break;
1466 
1467 			case O_TCPWIN:
1468 				printf(" tcpwin %d", ntohs(cmd->arg1));
1469 				break;
1470 
1471 			case O_TCPACK:
1472 				printf(" tcpack %d", ntohl(cmd32->d[0]));
1473 				break;
1474 
1475 			case O_TCPSEQ:
1476 				printf(" tcpseq %d", ntohl(cmd32->d[0]));
1477 				break;
1478 
1479 			case O_UID:
1480 			    {
1481 				struct passwd *pwd = getpwuid(cmd32->d[0]);
1482 
1483 				if (pwd)
1484 					printf(" uid %s", pwd->pw_name);
1485 				else
1486 					printf(" uid %u", cmd32->d[0]);
1487 			    }
1488 				break;
1489 
1490 			case O_GID:
1491 			    {
1492 				struct group *grp = getgrgid(cmd32->d[0]);
1493 
1494 				if (grp)
1495 					printf(" gid %s", grp->gr_name);
1496 				else
1497 					printf(" gid %u", cmd32->d[0]);
1498 			    }
1499 				break;
1500 
1501 			case O_JAIL:
1502 				printf(" jail %d", cmd32->d[0]);
1503 				break;
1504 
1505 			case O_VERREVPATH:
1506 				printf(" verrevpath");
1507 				break;
1508 
1509 			case O_VERSRCREACH:
1510 				printf(" versrcreach");
1511 				break;
1512 
1513 			case O_ANTISPOOF:
1514 				printf(" antispoof");
1515 				break;
1516 
1517 			case O_IPSEC:
1518 				printf(" ipsec");
1519 				break;
1520 
1521 			case O_NOP:
1522 				comment = (char *)(cmd + 1);
1523 				break;
1524 
1525 			case O_KEEP_STATE:
1526 				printf(" keep-state");
1527 				break;
1528 
1529 			case O_LIMIT:
1530 			    {
1531 				struct _s_x *p = limit_masks;
1532 				ipfw_insn_limit *c = (ipfw_insn_limit *)cmd;
1533 				uint8_t x = c->limit_mask;
1534 				char const *comma = " ";
1535 
1536 				printf(" limit");
1537 				for (; p->x != 0 ; p++)
1538 					if ((x & p->x) == p->x) {
1539 						x &= ~p->x;
1540 						printf("%s%s", comma, p->s);
1541 						comma = ",";
1542 					}
1543 				printf(" %d", c->conn_limit);
1544 			    }
1545 				break;
1546 
1547 			default:
1548 				printf(" [opcode %d len %d]",
1549 				    cmd->opcode, cmd->len);
1550 			}
1551 		}
1552 		if (cmd->len & F_OR) {
1553 			printf(" or");
1554 			or_block = 1;
1555 		} else if (or_block) {
1556 			printf(" }");
1557 			or_block = 0;
1558 		}
1559 	}
1560 	show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP, 0);
1561 	if (comment)
1562 		printf(" // %s", comment);
1563 	printf("\n");
1564 }
1565 
1566 static void
1567 show_dyn_ipfw(ipfw_dyn_rule *d, int pcwidth, int bcwidth)
1568 {
1569 	struct protoent *pe;
1570 	struct in_addr a;
1571 	uint16_t rulenum;
1572 
1573 	if (!do_expired) {
1574 		if (!d->expire && !(d->dyn_type == O_LIMIT_PARENT))
1575 			return;
1576 	}
1577 	bcopy(&d->rule, &rulenum, sizeof(rulenum));
1578 	printf("%05d", rulenum);
1579 	if (pcwidth>0 || bcwidth>0)
1580 	    printf(" %*llu %*llu (%ds)", pcwidth,
1581 		align_uint64(&d->pcnt), bcwidth,
1582 		align_uint64(&d->bcnt), d->expire);
1583 	switch (d->dyn_type) {
1584 	case O_LIMIT_PARENT:
1585 		printf(" PARENT %d", d->count);
1586 		break;
1587 	case O_LIMIT:
1588 		printf(" LIMIT");
1589 		break;
1590 	case O_KEEP_STATE: /* bidir, no mask */
1591 		printf(" STATE");
1592 		break;
1593 	}
1594 
1595 	if ((pe = getprotobynumber(d->id.proto)) != NULL)
1596 		printf(" %s", pe->p_name);
1597 	else
1598 		printf(" proto %u", d->id.proto);
1599 
1600 	a.s_addr = htonl(d->id.src_ip);
1601 	printf(" %s %d", inet_ntoa(a), d->id.src_port);
1602 
1603 	a.s_addr = htonl(d->id.dst_ip);
1604 	printf(" <-> %s %d", inet_ntoa(a), d->id.dst_port);
1605 	printf("\n");
1606 }
1607 
1608 static int
1609 sort_q(const void *pa, const void *pb)
1610 {
1611 	int rev = (do_sort < 0);
1612 	int field = rev ? -do_sort : do_sort;
1613 	long long res = 0;
1614 	const struct dn_flow_queue *a = pa;
1615 	const struct dn_flow_queue *b = pb;
1616 
1617 	switch (field) {
1618 	case 1: /* pkts */
1619 		res = a->len - b->len;
1620 		break;
1621 	case 2: /* bytes */
1622 		res = a->len_bytes - b->len_bytes;
1623 		break;
1624 
1625 	case 3: /* tot pkts */
1626 		res = a->tot_pkts - b->tot_pkts;
1627 		break;
1628 
1629 	case 4: /* tot bytes */
1630 		res = a->tot_bytes - b->tot_bytes;
1631 		break;
1632 	}
1633 	if (res < 0)
1634 		res = -1;
1635 	if (res > 0)
1636 		res = 1;
1637 	return (int)(rev ? res : -res);
1638 }
1639 
1640 static void
1641 list_queues(struct dn_flow_set *fs, struct dn_flow_queue *q)
1642 {
1643 	int l;
1644 
1645 	printf("    mask: 0x%02x 0x%08x/0x%04x -> 0x%08x/0x%04x\n",
1646 	    fs->flow_mask.proto,
1647 	    fs->flow_mask.src_ip, fs->flow_mask.src_port,
1648 	    fs->flow_mask.dst_ip, fs->flow_mask.dst_port);
1649 	if (fs->rq_elements == 0)
1650 		return;
1651 
1652 	printf("BKT Prot ___Source IP/port____ "
1653 	    "____Dest. IP/port____ Tot_pkt/bytes Pkt/Byte Drp\n");
1654 	if (do_sort != 0)
1655 		heapsort(q, fs->rq_elements, sizeof *q, sort_q);
1656 	for (l = 0; l < fs->rq_elements; l++) {
1657 		struct in_addr ina;
1658 		struct protoent *pe;
1659 
1660 		ina.s_addr = htonl(q[l].id.src_ip);
1661 		printf("%3d ", q[l].hash_slot);
1662 		pe = getprotobynumber(q[l].id.proto);
1663 		if (pe)
1664 			printf("%-4s ", pe->p_name);
1665 		else
1666 			printf("%4u ", q[l].id.proto);
1667 		printf("%15s/%-5d ",
1668 		    inet_ntoa(ina), q[l].id.src_port);
1669 		ina.s_addr = htonl(q[l].id.dst_ip);
1670 		printf("%15s/%-5d ",
1671 		    inet_ntoa(ina), q[l].id.dst_port);
1672 		printf("%4qu %8qu %2u %4u %3u\n",
1673 		    q[l].tot_pkts, q[l].tot_bytes,
1674 		    q[l].len, q[l].len_bytes, q[l].drops);
1675 		if (verbose)
1676 			printf("   S %20qd  F %20qd\n",
1677 			    q[l].S, q[l].F);
1678 	}
1679 }
1680 
1681 static void
1682 print_flowset_parms(struct dn_flow_set *fs, char *prefix)
1683 {
1684 	int l;
1685 	char qs[30];
1686 	char plr[30];
1687 	char red[90];	/* Display RED parameters */
1688 
1689 	l = fs->qsize;
1690 	if (fs->flags_fs & DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES) {
1691 		if (l >= 8192)
1692 			sprintf(qs, "%d KB", l / 1024);
1693 		else
1694 			sprintf(qs, "%d B", l);
1695 	} else
1696 		sprintf(qs, "%3d sl.", l);
1697 	if (fs->plr)
1698 		sprintf(plr, "plr %f", 1.0 * fs->plr / (double)(0x7fffffff));
1699 	else
1700 		plr[0] = '\0';
1701 	if (fs->flags_fs & DN_IS_RED)	/* RED parameters */
1702 		sprintf(red,
1703 		    "\n\t  %cRED w_q %f min_th %d max_th %d max_p %f",
1704 		    (fs->flags_fs & DN_IS_GENTLE_RED) ? 'G' : ' ',
1705 		    1.0 * fs->w_q / (double)(1 << SCALE_RED),
1706 		    SCALE_VAL(fs->min_th),
1707 		    SCALE_VAL(fs->max_th),
1708 		    1.0 * fs->max_p / (double)(1 << SCALE_RED));
1709 	else
1710 		sprintf(red, "droptail");
1711 
1712 	printf("%s %s%s %d queues (%d buckets) %s\n",
1713 	    prefix, qs, plr, fs->rq_elements, fs->rq_size, red);
1714 }
1715 
1716 static void
1717 list_pipes(void *data, uint nbytes, int ac, char *av[])
1718 {
1719 	int rulenum;
1720 	void *next = data;
1721 	struct dn_pipe *p = (struct dn_pipe *) data;
1722 	struct dn_flow_set *fs;
1723 	struct dn_flow_queue *q;
1724 	int l;
1725 
1726 	if (ac > 0)
1727 		rulenum = strtoul(*av++, NULL, 10);
1728 	else
1729 		rulenum = 0;
1730 	for (; nbytes >= sizeof *p; p = (struct dn_pipe *)next) {
1731 		double b = p->bandwidth;
1732 		char buf[30];
1733 		char prefix[80];
1734 
1735 		if (p->next != (struct dn_pipe *)DN_IS_PIPE)
1736 			break;	/* done with pipes, now queues */
1737 
1738 		/*
1739 		 * compute length, as pipe have variable size
1740 		 */
1741 		l = sizeof(*p) + p->fs.rq_elements * sizeof(*q);
1742 		next = (char *)p + l;
1743 		nbytes -= l;
1744 
1745 		if ((rulenum != 0 && rulenum != p->pipe_nr) || do_pipe == 2)
1746 			continue;
1747 
1748 		/*
1749 		 * Print rate (or clocking interface)
1750 		 */
1751 		if (p->if_name[0] != '\0')
1752 			sprintf(buf, "%s", p->if_name);
1753 		else if (b == 0)
1754 			sprintf(buf, "unlimited");
1755 		else if (b >= 1000000)
1756 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f Mbit/s", b/1000000);
1757 		else if (b >= 1000)
1758 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f Kbit/s", b/1000);
1759 		else
1760 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f bit/s ", b);
1761 
1762 		sprintf(prefix, "%05d: %s %4d ms ",
1763 		    p->pipe_nr, buf, p->delay);
1764 		print_flowset_parms(&(p->fs), prefix);
1765 		if (verbose)
1766 			printf("   V %20qd\n", p->V >> MY_M);
1767 
1768 		q = (struct dn_flow_queue *)(p+1);
1769 		list_queues(&(p->fs), q);
1770 	}
1771 	for (fs = next; nbytes >= sizeof *fs; fs = next) {
1772 		char prefix[80];
1773 
1774 		if (fs->next != (struct dn_flow_set *)DN_IS_QUEUE)
1775 			break;
1776 		l = sizeof(*fs) + fs->rq_elements * sizeof(*q);
1777 		next = (char *)fs + l;
1778 		nbytes -= l;
1779 
1780 		if (rulenum != 0 && ((rulenum != fs->fs_nr && do_pipe == 2) ||
1781 		    (rulenum != fs->parent_nr && do_pipe == 1))) {
1782 			continue;
1783 		}
1784 
1785 		q = (struct dn_flow_queue *)(fs+1);
1786 		sprintf(prefix, "q%05d: weight %d pipe %d ",
1787 		    fs->fs_nr, fs->weight, fs->parent_nr);
1788 		print_flowset_parms(fs, prefix);
1789 		list_queues(fs, q);
1790 	}
1791 }
1792 
1793 /*
1794  * This one handles all set-related commands
1795  * 	ipfw set { show | enable | disable }
1796  * 	ipfw set swap X Y
1797  * 	ipfw set move X to Y
1798  * 	ipfw set move rule X to Y
1799  */
1800 static void
1801 sets_handler(int ac, char *av[])
1802 {
1803 	uint32_t set_disable, masks[2];
1804 	int i, nbytes;
1805 	uint16_t rulenum;
1806 	uint8_t cmd, new_set;
1807 
1808 	ac--;
1809 	av++;
1810 
1811 	if (!ac)
1812 		errx(EX_USAGE, "set needs command");
1813 	if (_substrcmp(*av, "show") == 0) {
1814 		void *data;
1815 		char const *msg;
1816 
1817 		nbytes = sizeof(struct ip_fw);
1818 		if ((data = calloc(1, nbytes)) == NULL)
1819 			err(EX_OSERR, "calloc");
1820 		if (do_cmd(IP_FW_GET, data, (uintptr_t)&nbytes) < 0)
1821 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_FW_GET)");
1822 		bcopy(&((struct ip_fw *)data)->next_rule,
1823 			&set_disable, sizeof(set_disable));
1824 
1825 		for (i = 0, msg = "disable" ; i < RESVD_SET; i++)
1826 			if ((set_disable & (1<<i))) {
1827 				printf("%s %d", msg, i);
1828 				msg = "";
1829 			}
1830 		msg = (set_disable) ? " enable" : "enable";
1831 		for (i = 0; i < RESVD_SET; i++)
1832 			if (!(set_disable & (1<<i))) {
1833 				printf("%s %d", msg, i);
1834 				msg = "";
1835 			}
1836 		printf("\n");
1837 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "swap") == 0) {
1838 		ac--; av++;
1839 		if (ac != 2)
1840 			errx(EX_USAGE, "set swap needs 2 set numbers\n");
1841 		rulenum = atoi(av[0]);
1842 		new_set = atoi(av[1]);
1843 		if (!isdigit(*(av[0])) || rulenum > RESVD_SET)
1844 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid set number %s\n", av[0]);
1845 		if (!isdigit(*(av[1])) || new_set > RESVD_SET)
1846 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid set number %s\n", av[1]);
1847 		masks[0] = (4 << 24) | (new_set << 16) | (rulenum);
1848 		i = do_cmd(IP_FW_DEL, masks, sizeof(uint32_t));
1849 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "move") == 0) {
1850 		ac--; av++;
1851 		if (ac && _substrcmp(*av, "rule") == 0) {
1852 			cmd = 2;
1853 			ac--; av++;
1854 		} else
1855 			cmd = 3;
1856 		if (ac != 3 || _substrcmp(av[1], "to") != 0)
1857 			errx(EX_USAGE, "syntax: set move [rule] X to Y\n");
1858 		rulenum = atoi(av[0]);
1859 		new_set = atoi(av[2]);
1860 		if (!isdigit(*(av[0])) || (cmd == 3 && rulenum > RESVD_SET) ||
1861 			(cmd == 2 && rulenum == 65535) )
1862 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid source number %s\n", av[0]);
1863 		if (!isdigit(*(av[2])) || new_set > RESVD_SET)
1864 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid dest. set %s\n", av[1]);
1865 		masks[0] = (cmd << 24) | (new_set << 16) | (rulenum);
1866 		i = do_cmd(IP_FW_DEL, masks, sizeof(uint32_t));
1867 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "disable") == 0 ||
1868 		   _substrcmp(*av, "enable") == 0 ) {
1869 		int which = _substrcmp(*av, "enable") == 0 ? 1 : 0;
1870 
1871 		ac--; av++;
1872 		masks[0] = masks[1] = 0;
1873 
1874 		while (ac) {
1875 			if (isdigit(**av)) {
1876 				i = atoi(*av);
1877 				if (i < 0 || i > RESVD_SET)
1878 					errx(EX_DATAERR,
1879 					    "invalid set number %d\n", i);
1880 				masks[which] |= (1<<i);
1881 			} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "disable") == 0)
1882 				which = 0;
1883 			else if (_substrcmp(*av, "enable") == 0)
1884 				which = 1;
1885 			else
1886 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
1887 					"invalid set command %s\n", *av);
1888 			av++; ac--;
1889 		}
1890 		if ( (masks[0] & masks[1]) != 0 )
1891 			errx(EX_DATAERR,
1892 			    "cannot enable and disable the same set\n");
1893 
1894 		i = do_cmd(IP_FW_DEL, masks, sizeof(masks));
1895 		if (i)
1896 			warn("set enable/disable: setsockopt(IP_FW_DEL)");
1897 	} else
1898 		errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid set command %s\n", *av);
1899 }
1900 
1901 static void
1902 sysctl_handler(int ac, char *av[], int which)
1903 {
1904 	ac--;
1905 	av++;
1906 
1907 	if (ac == 0) {
1908 		warnx("missing keyword to enable/disable\n");
1909 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "firewall") == 0) {
1910 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.enable", NULL, 0,
1911 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1912 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "one_pass") == 0) {
1913 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.one_pass", NULL, 0,
1914 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1915 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "debug") == 0) {
1916 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.debug", NULL, 0,
1917 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1918 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "verbose") == 0) {
1919 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.verbose", NULL, 0,
1920 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1921 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "dyn_keepalive") == 0) {
1922 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_keepalive", NULL, 0,
1923 		    &which, sizeof(which));
1924 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "altq") == 0) {
1925 		altq_set_enabled(which);
1926 	} else {
1927 		warnx("unrecognize enable/disable keyword: %s\n", *av);
1928 	}
1929 }
1930 
1931 static void
1932 list(int ac, char *av[], int show_counters)
1933 {
1934 	struct ip_fw *r;
1935 	ipfw_dyn_rule *dynrules, *d;
1936 
1937 #define NEXT(r)	((struct ip_fw *)((char *)r + RULESIZE(r)))
1938 	char *lim;
1939 	void *data = NULL;
1940 	int bcwidth, n, nbytes, nstat, ndyn, pcwidth, width;
1941 	int exitval = EX_OK;
1942 	int lac;
1943 	char **lav;
1944 	u_long rnum, last;
1945 	char *endptr;
1946 	int seen = 0;
1947 
1948 	const int ocmd = do_pipe ? IP_DUMMYNET_GET : IP_FW_GET;
1949 	int nalloc = 1024;	/* start somewhere... */
1950 
1951 	last = 0;
1952 
1953 	if (test_only) {
1954 		fprintf(stderr, "Testing only, list disabled\n");
1955 		return;
1956 	}
1957 
1958 	ac--;
1959 	av++;
1960 
1961 	/* get rules or pipes from kernel, resizing array as necessary */
1962 	nbytes = nalloc;
1963 
1964 	while (nbytes >= nalloc) {
1965 		nalloc = nalloc * 2 + 200;
1966 		nbytes = nalloc;
1967 		if ((data = realloc(data, nbytes)) == NULL)
1968 			err(EX_OSERR, "realloc");
1969 		if (do_cmd(ocmd, data, (uintptr_t)&nbytes) < 0)
1970 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_%s_GET)",
1971 				do_pipe ? "DUMMYNET" : "FW");
1972 	}
1973 
1974 	if (do_pipe) {
1975 		list_pipes(data, nbytes, ac, av);
1976 		goto done;
1977 	}
1978 
1979 	/*
1980 	 * Count static rules. They have variable size so we
1981 	 * need to scan the list to count them.
1982 	 */
1983 	for (nstat = 1, r = data, lim = (char *)data + nbytes;
1984 		    r->rulenum < 65535 && (char *)r < lim;
1985 		    ++nstat, r = NEXT(r) )
1986 		; /* nothing */
1987 
1988 	/*
1989 	 * Count dynamic rules. This is easier as they have
1990 	 * fixed size.
1991 	 */
1992 	r = NEXT(r);
1993 	dynrules = (ipfw_dyn_rule *)r ;
1994 	n = (char *)r - (char *)data;
1995 	ndyn = (nbytes - n) / sizeof *dynrules;
1996 
1997 	/* if showing stats, figure out column widths ahead of time */
1998 	bcwidth = pcwidth = 0;
1999 	if (show_counters) {
2000 		for (n = 0, r = data; n < nstat; n++, r = NEXT(r)) {
2001 			/* packet counter */
2002 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu",
2003 			    align_uint64(&r->pcnt));
2004 			if (width > pcwidth)
2005 				pcwidth = width;
2006 
2007 			/* byte counter */
2008 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu",
2009 			    align_uint64(&r->bcnt));
2010 			if (width > bcwidth)
2011 				bcwidth = width;
2012 		}
2013 	}
2014 	if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
2015 		for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++) {
2016 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu",
2017 			    align_uint64(&d->pcnt));
2018 			if (width > pcwidth)
2019 				pcwidth = width;
2020 
2021 			width = snprintf(NULL, 0, "%llu",
2022 			    align_uint64(&d->bcnt));
2023 			if (width > bcwidth)
2024 				bcwidth = width;
2025 		}
2026 	}
2027 	/* if no rule numbers were specified, list all rules */
2028 	if (ac == 0) {
2029 		for (n = 0, r = data; n < nstat; n++, r = NEXT(r) )
2030 			show_ipfw(r, pcwidth, bcwidth);
2031 
2032 		if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
2033 			printf("## Dynamic rules (%d):\n", ndyn);
2034 			for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++)
2035 				show_dyn_ipfw(d, pcwidth, bcwidth);
2036 		}
2037 		goto done;
2038 	}
2039 
2040 	/* display specific rules requested on command line */
2041 
2042 	for (lac = ac, lav = av; lac != 0; lac--) {
2043 		/* convert command line rule # */
2044 		last = rnum = strtoul(*lav++, &endptr, 10);
2045 		if (*endptr == '-')
2046 			last = strtoul(endptr+1, &endptr, 10);
2047 		if (*endptr) {
2048 			exitval = EX_USAGE;
2049 			warnx("invalid rule number: %s", *(lav - 1));
2050 			continue;
2051 		}
2052 		for (n = seen = 0, r = data; n < nstat; n++, r = NEXT(r) ) {
2053 			if (r->rulenum > last)
2054 				break;
2055 			if (r->rulenum >= rnum && r->rulenum <= last) {
2056 				show_ipfw(r, pcwidth, bcwidth);
2057 				seen = 1;
2058 			}
2059 		}
2060 		if (!seen) {
2061 			/* give precedence to other error(s) */
2062 			if (exitval == EX_OK)
2063 				exitval = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
2064 			warnx("rule %lu does not exist", rnum);
2065 		}
2066 	}
2067 
2068 	if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
2069 		printf("## Dynamic rules:\n");
2070 		for (lac = ac, lav = av; lac != 0; lac--) {
2071 			rnum = strtoul(*lav++, &endptr, 10);
2072 			if (*endptr == '-')
2073 				last = strtoul(endptr+1, &endptr, 10);
2074 			if (*endptr)
2075 				/* already warned */
2076 				continue;
2077 			for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++) {
2078 				uint16_t rulenum;
2079 
2080 				bcopy(&d->rule, &rulenum, sizeof(rulenum));
2081 				if (rulenum > rnum)
2082 					break;
2083 				if (r->rulenum >= rnum && r->rulenum <= last)
2084 					show_dyn_ipfw(d, pcwidth, bcwidth);
2085 			}
2086 		}
2087 	}
2088 
2089 	ac = 0;
2090 
2091 done:
2092 	free(data);
2093 
2094 	if (exitval != EX_OK)
2095 		exit(exitval);
2096 #undef NEXT
2097 }
2098 
2099 static void
2100 show_usage(void)
2101 {
2102 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: ipfw [options]\n"
2103 "do \"ipfw -h\" or see ipfw manpage for details\n"
2104 );
2105 	exit(EX_USAGE);
2106 }
2107 
2108 static void
2109 help(void)
2110 {
2111 	fprintf(stderr,
2112 "ipfw syntax summary (but please do read the ipfw(8) manpage):\n"
2113 "ipfw [-abcdefhnNqStTv] <command> where <command> is one of:\n"
2114 "add [num] [set N] [prob x] RULE-BODY\n"
2115 "{pipe|queue} N config PIPE-BODY\n"
2116 "[pipe|queue] {zero|delete|show} [N{,N}]\n"
2117 "set [disable N... enable N...] | move [rule] X to Y | swap X Y | show\n"
2118 "table N {add ip[/bits] [value] | delete ip[/bits] | flush | list}\n"
2119 "\n"
2120 "RULE-BODY:	check-state [PARAMS] | ACTION [PARAMS] ADDR [OPTION_LIST]\n"
2121 "ACTION:	check-state | allow | count | deny | reject | skipto N |\n"
2122 "		{divert|tee} PORT | forward ADDR | pipe N | queue N\n"
2123 "PARAMS: 	[log [logamount LOGLIMIT]] [altq QUEUE_NAME]\n"
2124 "ADDR:		[ MAC dst src ether_type ] \n"
2125 "		[ from IPADDR [ PORT ] to IPADDR [ PORTLIST ] ]\n"
2126 "IPADDR:	[not] { any | me | ip/bits{x,y,z} | table(t[,v]) | IPLIST }\n"
2127 "IPLIST:	{ ip | ip/bits | ip:mask }[,IPLIST]\n"
2128 "OPTION_LIST:	OPTION [OPTION_LIST]\n"
2129 "OPTION:	bridged | diverted | diverted-loopback | diverted-output |\n"
2130 "	{dst-ip|src-ip} ADDR | {dst-port|src-port} LIST |\n"
2131 "	estab | frag | {gid|uid} N | icmptypes LIST | in | out | ipid LIST |\n"
2132 "	iplen LIST | ipoptions SPEC | ipprecedence | ipsec | iptos SPEC |\n"
2133 "	ipttl LIST | ipversion VER | keep-state | layer2 | limit ... |\n"
2134 "	mac ... | mac-type LIST | proto LIST | {recv|xmit|via} {IF|IPADDR} |\n"
2135 "	setup | {tcpack|tcpseq|tcpwin} NN | tcpflags SPEC | tcpoptions SPEC |\n"
2136 "	tcpdatalen LIST | verrevpath | versrcreach | antispoof\n"
2137 );
2138 exit(0);
2139 }
2140 
2141 
2142 static int
2143 lookup_host (char *host, struct in_addr *ipaddr)
2144 {
2145 	struct hostent *he;
2146 
2147 	if (!inet_aton(host, ipaddr)) {
2148 		if ((he = gethostbyname(host)) == NULL)
2149 			return(-1);
2150 		*ipaddr = *(struct in_addr *)he->h_addr_list[0];
2151 	}
2152 	return(0);
2153 }
2154 
2155 /*
2156  * fills the addr and mask fields in the instruction as appropriate from av.
2157  * Update length as appropriate.
2158  * The following formats are allowed:
2159  *	any	matches any IP. Actually returns an empty instruction.
2160  *	me	returns O_IP_*_ME
2161  *	1.2.3.4		single IP address
2162  *	1.2.3.4:5.6.7.8	address:mask
2163  *	1.2.3.4/24	address/mask
2164  *	1.2.3.4/26{1,6,5,4,23}	set of addresses in a subnet
2165  * We can have multiple comma-separated address/mask entries.
2166  */
2167 static void
2168 fill_ip(ipfw_insn_ip *cmd, char *av)
2169 {
2170 	int len = 0;
2171 	uint32_t *d = ((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd)->d;
2172 
2173 	cmd->o.len &= ~F_LEN_MASK;	/* zero len */
2174 
2175 	if (_substrcmp(av, "any") == 0)
2176 		return;
2177 
2178 	if (_substrcmp(av, "me") == 0) {
2179 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn);
2180 		return;
2181 	}
2182 
2183 	if (strncmp(av, "table(", 6) == 0) {
2184 		char *p = strchr(av + 6, ',');
2185 
2186 		if (p)
2187 			*p++ = '\0';
2188 		cmd->o.opcode = O_IP_DST_LOOKUP;
2189 		cmd->o.arg1 = strtoul(av + 6, NULL, 0);
2190 		if (p) {
2191 			cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
2192 			d[0] = strtoul(p, NULL, 0);
2193 		} else
2194 			cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn);
2195 		return;
2196 	}
2197 
2198     while (av) {
2199 	/*
2200 	 * After the address we can have '/' or ':' indicating a mask,
2201 	 * ',' indicating another address follows, '{' indicating a
2202 	 * set of addresses of unspecified size.
2203 	 */
2204 	char *p = strpbrk(av, "/:,{");
2205 	int masklen;
2206 	char md;
2207 
2208 	if (p) {
2209 		md = *p;
2210 		*p++ = '\0';
2211 	} else
2212 		md = '\0';
2213 
2214 	if (lookup_host(av, (struct in_addr *)&d[0]) != 0)
2215 		errx(EX_NOHOST, "hostname ``%s'' unknown", av);
2216 	switch (md) {
2217 	case ':':
2218 		if (!inet_aton(p, (struct in_addr *)&d[1]))
2219 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad netmask ``%s''", p);
2220 		break;
2221 	case '/':
2222 		masklen = atoi(p);
2223 		if (masklen == 0)
2224 			d[1] = htonl(0);	/* mask */
2225 		else if (masklen > 32)
2226 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad width ``%s''", p);
2227 		else
2228 			d[1] = htonl(~0 << (32 - masklen));
2229 		break;
2230 	case '{':	/* no mask, assume /24 and put back the '{' */
2231 		d[1] = htonl(~0 << (32 - 24));
2232 		*(--p) = md;
2233 		break;
2234 
2235 	case ',':	/* single address plus continuation */
2236 		*(--p) = md;
2237 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
2238 	case 0:		/* initialization value */
2239 	default:
2240 		d[1] = htonl(~0);	/* force /32 */
2241 		break;
2242 	}
2243 	d[0] &= d[1];		/* mask base address with mask */
2244 	/* find next separator */
2245 	if (p)
2246 		p = strpbrk(p, ",{");
2247 	if (p && *p == '{') {
2248 		/*
2249 		 * We have a set of addresses. They are stored as follows:
2250 		 *   arg1	is the set size (powers of 2, 2..256)
2251 		 *   addr	is the base address IN HOST FORMAT
2252 		 *   mask..	is an array of arg1 bits (rounded up to
2253 		 *		the next multiple of 32) with bits set
2254 		 *		for each host in the map.
2255 		 */
2256 		uint32_t *map = (uint32_t *)&cmd->mask;
2257 		int low, high;
2258 		int i = contigmask((uint8_t *)&(d[1]), 32);
2259 
2260 		if (len > 0)
2261 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "address set cannot be in a list");
2262 		if (i < 24 || i > 31)
2263 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid set with mask %d\n", i);
2264 		cmd->o.arg1 = 1<<(32-i);	/* map length		*/
2265 		d[0] = ntohl(d[0]);		/* base addr in host format */
2266 		cmd->o.opcode = O_IP_DST_SET;	/* default */
2267 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32) + (cmd->o.arg1+31)/32;
2268 		for (i = 0; i < (cmd->o.arg1+31)/32 ; i++)
2269 			map[i] = 0;	/* clear map */
2270 
2271 		av = p + 1;
2272 		low = d[0] & 0xff;
2273 		high = low + cmd->o.arg1 - 1;
2274 		/*
2275 		 * Here, i stores the previous value when we specify a range
2276 		 * of addresses within a mask, e.g. 45-63. i = -1 means we
2277 		 * have no previous value.
2278 		 */
2279 		i = -1;	/* previous value in a range */
2280 		while (isdigit(*av)) {
2281 			char *s;
2282 			int a = strtol(av, &s, 0);
2283 
2284 			if (s == av) { /* no parameter */
2285 			    if (*av != '}')
2286 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "set not closed\n");
2287 			    if (i != -1)
2288 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "incomplete range %d-", i);
2289 			    break;
2290 			}
2291 			if (a < low || a > high)
2292 			    errx(EX_DATAERR, "addr %d out of range [%d-%d]\n",
2293 				a, low, high);
2294 			a -= low;
2295 			if (i == -1)	/* no previous in range */
2296 			    i = a;
2297 			else {		/* check that range is valid */
2298 			    if (i > a)
2299 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid range %d-%d",
2300 					i+low, a+low);
2301 			    if (*s == '-')
2302 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "double '-' in range");
2303 			}
2304 			for (; i <= a; i++)
2305 			    map[i/32] |= 1<<(i & 31);
2306 			i = -1;
2307 			if (*s == '-')
2308 			    i = a;
2309 			else if (*s == '}')
2310 			    break;
2311 			av = s+1;
2312 		}
2313 		return;
2314 	}
2315 	av = p;
2316 	if (av)			/* then *av must be a ',' */
2317 		av++;
2318 
2319 	/* Check this entry */
2320 	if (d[1] == 0) { /* "any", specified as x.x.x.x/0 */
2321 		/*
2322 		 * 'any' turns the entire list into a NOP.
2323 		 * 'not any' never matches, so it is removed from the
2324 		 * list unless it is the only item, in which case we
2325 		 * report an error.
2326 		 */
2327 		if (cmd->o.len & F_NOT) {	/* "not any" never matches */
2328 			if (av == NULL && len == 0) /* only this entry */
2329 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "not any never matches");
2330 		}
2331 		/* else do nothing and skip this entry */
2332 		return;
2333 	}
2334 	/* A single IP can be stored in an optimized format */
2335 	if (d[1] == IP_MASK_ALL && av == NULL && len == 0) {
2336 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
2337 		return;
2338 	}
2339 	len += 2;	/* two words... */
2340 	d += 2;
2341     } /* end while */
2342     cmd->o.len |= len+1;
2343 }
2344 
2345 
2346 /*
2347  * helper function to process a set of flags and set bits in the
2348  * appropriate masks.
2349  */
2350 static void
2351 fill_flags(ipfw_insn *cmd, enum ipfw_opcodes opcode,
2352 	struct _s_x *flags, char *p)
2353 {
2354 	uint8_t set=0, clear=0;
2355 
2356 	while (p && *p) {
2357 		char *q;	/* points to the separator */
2358 		int val;
2359 		uint8_t *which;	/* mask we are working on */
2360 
2361 		if (*p == '!') {
2362 			p++;
2363 			which = &clear;
2364 		} else
2365 			which = &set;
2366 		q = strchr(p, ',');
2367 		if (q)
2368 			*q++ = '\0';
2369 		val = match_token(flags, p);
2370 		if (val <= 0)
2371 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid flag %s", p);
2372 		*which |= (uint8_t)val;
2373 		p = q;
2374 	}
2375         cmd->opcode = opcode;
2376         cmd->len =  (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | 1;
2377         cmd->arg1 = (set & 0xff) | ( (clear & 0xff) << 8);
2378 }
2379 
2380 
2381 static void
2382 delete(int ac, char *av[])
2383 {
2384 	uint32_t rulenum;
2385 	struct dn_pipe p;
2386 	int i;
2387 	int exitval = EX_OK;
2388 	int do_set = 0;
2389 
2390 	memset(&p, 0, sizeof p);
2391 
2392 	av++; ac--;
2393 	NEED1("missing rule specification");
2394 	if (ac > 0 && _substrcmp(*av, "set") == 0) {
2395 		do_set = 1;	/* delete set */
2396 		ac--; av++;
2397 	}
2398 
2399 	/* Rule number */
2400 	while (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
2401 		i = atoi(*av); av++; ac--;
2402 		if (do_pipe) {
2403 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2404 				p.pipe_nr = i;
2405 			else
2406 				p.fs.fs_nr = i;
2407 			i = do_cmd(IP_DUMMYNET_DEL, &p, sizeof p);
2408 			if (i) {
2409 				exitval = 1;
2410 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_DUMMYNET_DEL)",
2411 				    do_pipe == 1 ? p.pipe_nr : p.fs.fs_nr);
2412 			}
2413 		} else {
2414 			rulenum =  (i & 0xffff) | (do_set << 24);
2415 			i = do_cmd(IP_FW_DEL, &rulenum, sizeof rulenum);
2416 			if (i) {
2417 				exitval = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
2418 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_DEL)",
2419 				    rulenum);
2420 			}
2421 		}
2422 	}
2423 	if (exitval != EX_OK)
2424 		exit(exitval);
2425 }
2426 
2427 
2428 /*
2429  * fill the interface structure. We do not check the name as we can
2430  * create interfaces dynamically, so checking them at insert time
2431  * makes relatively little sense.
2432  * Interface names containing '*', '?', or '[' are assumed to be shell
2433  * patterns which match interfaces.
2434  */
2435 static void
2436 fill_iface(ipfw_insn_if *cmd, char *arg)
2437 {
2438 	cmd->name[0] = '\0';
2439 	cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_if);
2440 
2441 	/* Parse the interface or address */
2442 	if (strcmp(arg, "any") == 0)
2443 		cmd->o.len = 0;		/* effectively ignore this command */
2444 	else if (!isdigit(*arg)) {
2445 		strlcpy(cmd->name, arg, sizeof(cmd->name));
2446 		cmd->p.glob = strpbrk(arg, "*?[") != NULL ? 1 : 0;
2447 	} else if (!inet_aton(arg, &cmd->p.ip))
2448 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad ip address ``%s''", arg);
2449 }
2450 
2451 static void
2452 config_pipe(int ac, char **av)
2453 {
2454 	struct dn_pipe p;
2455 	int i;
2456 	char *end;
2457 	uint32_t a;
2458 	void *par = NULL;
2459 
2460 	memset(&p, 0, sizeof p);
2461 
2462 	av++; ac--;
2463 	/* Pipe number */
2464 	if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
2465 		i = atoi(*av); av++; ac--;
2466 		if (do_pipe == 1)
2467 			p.pipe_nr = i;
2468 		else
2469 			p.fs.fs_nr = i;
2470 	}
2471 	while (ac > 0) {
2472 		double d;
2473 		int tok = match_token(dummynet_params, *av);
2474 		ac--; av++;
2475 
2476 		switch(tok) {
2477 		case TOK_NOERROR:
2478 			p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_NOERROR;
2479 			break;
2480 
2481 		case TOK_PLR:
2482 			NEED1("plr needs argument 0..1\n");
2483 			d = strtod(av[0], NULL);
2484 			if (d > 1)
2485 				d = 1;
2486 			else if (d < 0)
2487 				d = 0;
2488 			p.fs.plr = (int)(d*0x7fffffff);
2489 			ac--; av++;
2490 			break;
2491 
2492 		case TOK_QUEUE:
2493 			NEED1("queue needs queue size\n");
2494 			end = NULL;
2495 			p.fs.qsize = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2496 			if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k') {
2497 				p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES;
2498 				p.fs.qsize *= 1024;
2499 			} else if (*end == 'B' ||
2500 			    _substrcmp2(end, "by", "bytes") == 0) {
2501 				p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES;
2502 			}
2503 			ac--; av++;
2504 			break;
2505 
2506 		case TOK_BUCKETS:
2507 			NEED1("buckets needs argument\n");
2508 			p.fs.rq_size = strtoul(av[0], NULL, 0);
2509 			ac--; av++;
2510 			break;
2511 
2512 		case TOK_MASK:
2513 			NEED1("mask needs mask specifier\n");
2514 			/*
2515 			 * per-flow queue, mask is dst_ip, dst_port,
2516 			 * src_ip, src_port, proto measured in bits
2517 			 */
2518 			par = NULL;
2519 
2520 			p.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip = 0;
2521 			p.fs.flow_mask.src_ip = 0;
2522 			p.fs.flow_mask.dst_port = 0;
2523 			p.fs.flow_mask.src_port = 0;
2524 			p.fs.flow_mask.proto = 0;
2525 			end = NULL;
2526 
2527 			while (ac >= 1) {
2528 			    uint32_t *p32 = NULL;
2529 			    uint16_t *p16 = NULL;
2530 
2531 			    tok = match_token(dummynet_params, *av);
2532 			    ac--; av++;
2533 			    switch(tok) {
2534 			    case TOK_ALL:
2535 				    /*
2536 				     * special case, all bits significant
2537 				     */
2538 				    p.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip = ~0;
2539 				    p.fs.flow_mask.src_ip = ~0;
2540 				    p.fs.flow_mask.dst_port = ~0;
2541 				    p.fs.flow_mask.src_port = ~0;
2542 				    p.fs.flow_mask.proto = ~0;
2543 				    p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_HAVE_FLOW_MASK;
2544 				    goto end_mask;
2545 
2546 			    case TOK_DSTIP:
2547 				    p32 = &p.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip;
2548 				    break;
2549 
2550 			    case TOK_SRCIP:
2551 				    p32 = &p.fs.flow_mask.src_ip;
2552 				    break;
2553 
2554 			    case TOK_DSTPORT:
2555 				    p16 = &p.fs.flow_mask.dst_port;
2556 				    break;
2557 
2558 			    case TOK_SRCPORT:
2559 				    p16 = &p.fs.flow_mask.src_port;
2560 				    break;
2561 
2562 			    case TOK_PROTO:
2563 				    break;
2564 
2565 			    default:
2566 				    ac++; av--; /* backtrack */
2567 				    goto end_mask;
2568 			    }
2569 			    if (ac < 1)
2570 				    errx(EX_USAGE, "mask: value missing");
2571 			    if (*av[0] == '/') {
2572 				    a = strtoul(av[0]+1, &end, 0);
2573 				    a = (a == 32) ? ~0 : (1 << a) - 1;
2574 			    } else
2575 				    a = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2576 			    if (p32 != NULL)
2577 				    *p32 = a;
2578 			    else if (p16 != NULL) {
2579 				    if (a > 0xFFFF)
2580 					    errx(EX_DATAERR,
2581 						"mask: must be 16 bit");
2582 				    *p16 = (uint16_t)a;
2583 			    } else {
2584 				    if (a > 0xFF)
2585 					    errx(EX_DATAERR,
2586 						"mask: must be 8 bit");
2587 				    p.fs.flow_mask.proto = (uint8_t)a;
2588 			    }
2589 			    if (a != 0)
2590 				    p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_HAVE_FLOW_MASK;
2591 			    ac--; av++;
2592 			} /* end while, config masks */
2593 end_mask:
2594 			break;
2595 
2596 		case TOK_RED:
2597 		case TOK_GRED:
2598 			NEED1("red/gred needs w_q/min_th/max_th/max_p\n");
2599 			p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_IS_RED;
2600 			if (tok == TOK_GRED)
2601 				p.fs.flags_fs |= DN_IS_GENTLE_RED;
2602 			/*
2603 			 * the format for parameters is w_q/min_th/max_th/max_p
2604 			 */
2605 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2606 			    double w_q = strtod(end, NULL);
2607 			    if (w_q > 1 || w_q <= 0)
2608 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "0 < w_q <= 1");
2609 			    p.fs.w_q = (int) (w_q * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2610 			}
2611 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2612 			    p.fs.min_th = strtoul(end, &end, 0);
2613 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k')
2614 				p.fs.min_th *= 1024;
2615 			}
2616 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2617 			    p.fs.max_th = strtoul(end, &end, 0);
2618 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k')
2619 				p.fs.max_th *= 1024;
2620 			}
2621 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2622 			    double max_p = strtod(end, NULL);
2623 			    if (max_p > 1 || max_p <= 0)
2624 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "0 < max_p <= 1");
2625 			    p.fs.max_p = (int)(max_p * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2626 			}
2627 			ac--; av++;
2628 			break;
2629 
2630 		case TOK_DROPTAIL:
2631 			p.fs.flags_fs &= ~(DN_IS_RED|DN_IS_GENTLE_RED);
2632 			break;
2633 
2634 		case TOK_BW:
2635 			NEED1("bw needs bandwidth or interface\n");
2636 			if (do_pipe != 1)
2637 			    errx(EX_DATAERR, "bandwidth only valid for pipes");
2638 			/*
2639 			 * set clocking interface or bandwidth value
2640 			 */
2641 			if (av[0][0] >= 'a' && av[0][0] <= 'z') {
2642 			    int l = sizeof(p.if_name)-1;
2643 			    /* interface name */
2644 			    strncpy(p.if_name, av[0], l);
2645 			    p.if_name[l] = '\0';
2646 			    p.bandwidth = 0;
2647 			} else {
2648 			    p.if_name[0] = '\0';
2649 			    p.bandwidth = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2650 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k') {
2651 				end++;
2652 				p.bandwidth *= 1000;
2653 			    } else if (*end == 'M') {
2654 				end++;
2655 				p.bandwidth *= 1000000;
2656 			    }
2657 			    if (*end == 'B' ||
2658 			        _substrcmp2(end, "by", "bytes") == 0)
2659 				p.bandwidth *= 8;
2660 			    if (p.bandwidth < 0)
2661 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "bandwidth too large");
2662 			}
2663 			ac--; av++;
2664 			break;
2665 
2666 		case TOK_DELAY:
2667 			if (do_pipe != 1)
2668 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "delay only valid for pipes");
2669 			NEED1("delay needs argument 0..10000ms\n");
2670 			p.delay = strtoul(av[0], NULL, 0);
2671 			ac--; av++;
2672 			break;
2673 
2674 		case TOK_WEIGHT:
2675 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2676 				errx(EX_DATAERR,"weight only valid for queues");
2677 			NEED1("weight needs argument 0..100\n");
2678 			p.fs.weight = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2679 			ac--; av++;
2680 			break;
2681 
2682 		case TOK_PIPE:
2683 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2684 				errx(EX_DATAERR,"pipe only valid for queues");
2685 			NEED1("pipe needs pipe_number\n");
2686 			p.fs.parent_nr = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2687 			ac--; av++;
2688 			break;
2689 
2690 		default:
2691 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "unrecognised option ``%s''", av[-1]);
2692 		}
2693 	}
2694 	if (do_pipe == 1) {
2695 		if (p.pipe_nr == 0)
2696 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "pipe_nr must be > 0");
2697 		if (p.delay > 10000)
2698 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "delay must be < 10000");
2699 	} else { /* do_pipe == 2, queue */
2700 		if (p.fs.parent_nr == 0)
2701 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "pipe must be > 0");
2702 		if (p.fs.weight >100)
2703 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "weight must be <= 100");
2704 	}
2705 	if (p.fs.flags_fs & DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES) {
2706 		if (p.fs.qsize > 1024*1024)
2707 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "queue size must be < 1MB");
2708 	} else {
2709 		if (p.fs.qsize > 100)
2710 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "2 <= queue size <= 100");
2711 	}
2712 	if (p.fs.flags_fs & DN_IS_RED) {
2713 		size_t len;
2714 		int lookup_depth, avg_pkt_size;
2715 		double s, idle, weight, w_q;
2716 		struct clockinfo ck;
2717 		int t;
2718 
2719 		if (p.fs.min_th >= p.fs.max_th)
2720 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "min_th %d must be < than max_th %d",
2721 			p.fs.min_th, p.fs.max_th);
2722 		if (p.fs.max_th == 0)
2723 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "max_th must be > 0");
2724 
2725 		len = sizeof(int);
2726 		if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth",
2727 			&lookup_depth, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2728 
2729 		    errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
2730 			"net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth");
2731 		if (lookup_depth == 0)
2732 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth"
2733 			" must be greater than zero");
2734 
2735 		len = sizeof(int);
2736 		if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size",
2737 			&avg_pkt_size, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2738 
2739 		    errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
2740 			"net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size");
2741 		if (avg_pkt_size == 0)
2742 			errx(EX_DATAERR,
2743 			    "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size must"
2744 			    " be greater than zero");
2745 
2746 		len = sizeof(struct clockinfo);
2747 		if (sysctlbyname("kern.clockrate", &ck, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2748 			errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")", "kern.clockrate");
2749 
2750 		/*
2751 		 * Ticks needed for sending a medium-sized packet.
2752 		 * Unfortunately, when we are configuring a WF2Q+ queue, we
2753 		 * do not have bandwidth information, because that is stored
2754 		 * in the parent pipe, and also we have multiple queues
2755 		 * competing for it. So we set s=0, which is not very
2756 		 * correct. But on the other hand, why do we want RED with
2757 		 * WF2Q+ ?
2758 		 */
2759 		if (p.bandwidth==0) /* this is a WF2Q+ queue */
2760 			s = 0;
2761 		else
2762 			s = ck.hz * avg_pkt_size * 8 / p.bandwidth;
2763 
2764 		/*
2765 		 * max idle time (in ticks) before avg queue size becomes 0.
2766 		 * NOTA:  (3/w_q) is approx the value x so that
2767 		 * (1-w_q)^x < 10^-3.
2768 		 */
2769 		w_q = ((double)p.fs.w_q) / (1 << SCALE_RED);
2770 		idle = s * 3. / w_q;
2771 		p.fs.lookup_step = (int)idle / lookup_depth;
2772 		if (!p.fs.lookup_step)
2773 			p.fs.lookup_step = 1;
2774 		weight = 1 - w_q;
2775 		for (t = p.fs.lookup_step; t > 0; --t)
2776 			weight *= weight;
2777 		p.fs.lookup_weight = (int)(weight * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2778 	}
2779 	i = do_cmd(IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE, &p, sizeof p);
2780 	if (i)
2781 		err(1, "setsockopt(%s)", "IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE");
2782 }
2783 
2784 static void
2785 get_mac_addr_mask(char *p, uint8_t *addr, uint8_t *mask)
2786 {
2787 	int i, l;
2788 
2789 	for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2790 		addr[i] = mask[i] = 0;
2791 	if (strcmp(p, "any") == 0)
2792 		return;
2793 
2794 	for (i=0; *p && i<6;i++, p++) {
2795 		addr[i] = strtol(p, &p, 16);
2796 		if (*p != ':') /* we start with the mask */
2797 			break;
2798 	}
2799 	if (*p == '/') { /* mask len */
2800 		l = strtol(p+1, &p, 0);
2801 		for (i=0; l>0; l -=8, i++)
2802 			mask[i] = (l >=8) ? 0xff : (~0) << (8-l);
2803 	} else if (*p == '&') { /* mask */
2804 		for (i=0, p++; *p && i<6;i++, p++) {
2805 			mask[i] = strtol(p, &p, 16);
2806 			if (*p != ':')
2807 				break;
2808 		}
2809 	} else if (*p == '\0') {
2810 		for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2811 			mask[i] = 0xff;
2812 	}
2813 	for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2814 		addr[i] &= mask[i];
2815 }
2816 
2817 /*
2818  * helper function, updates the pointer to cmd with the length
2819  * of the current command, and also cleans up the first word of
2820  * the new command in case it has been clobbered before.
2821  */
2822 static ipfw_insn *
2823 next_cmd(ipfw_insn *cmd)
2824 {
2825 	cmd += F_LEN(cmd);
2826 	bzero(cmd, sizeof(*cmd));
2827 	return cmd;
2828 }
2829 
2830 /*
2831  * Takes arguments and copies them into a comment
2832  */
2833 static void
2834 fill_comment(ipfw_insn *cmd, int ac, char **av)
2835 {
2836 	int i, l;
2837 	char *p = (char *)(cmd + 1);
2838 
2839 	cmd->opcode = O_NOP;
2840 	cmd->len =  (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR));
2841 
2842 	/* Compute length of comment string. */
2843 	for (i = 0, l = 0; i < ac; i++)
2844 		l += strlen(av[i]) + 1;
2845 	if (l == 0)
2846 		return;
2847 	if (l > 84)
2848 		errx(EX_DATAERR,
2849 		    "comment too long (max 80 chars)");
2850 	l = 1 + (l+3)/4;
2851 	cmd->len =  (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | l;
2852 	for (i = 0; i < ac; i++) {
2853 		strcpy(p, av[i]);
2854 		p += strlen(av[i]);
2855 		*p++ = ' ';
2856 	}
2857 	*(--p) = '\0';
2858 }
2859 
2860 /*
2861  * A function to fill simple commands of size 1.
2862  * Existing flags are preserved.
2863  */
2864 static void
2865 fill_cmd(ipfw_insn *cmd, enum ipfw_opcodes opcode, int flags, uint16_t arg)
2866 {
2867 	cmd->opcode = opcode;
2868 	cmd->len =  ((cmd->len | flags) & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | 1;
2869 	cmd->arg1 = arg;
2870 }
2871 
2872 /*
2873  * Fetch and add the MAC address and type, with masks. This generates one or
2874  * two microinstructions, and returns the pointer to the last one.
2875  */
2876 static ipfw_insn *
2877 add_mac(ipfw_insn *cmd, int ac, char *av[])
2878 {
2879 	ipfw_insn_mac *mac;
2880 
2881 	if (ac < 2)
2882 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "MAC dst src");
2883 
2884 	cmd->opcode = O_MACADDR2;
2885 	cmd->len = (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_mac);
2886 
2887 	mac = (ipfw_insn_mac *)cmd;
2888 	get_mac_addr_mask(av[0], mac->addr, mac->mask);	/* dst */
2889 	get_mac_addr_mask(av[1], &(mac->addr[6]), &(mac->mask[6])); /* src */
2890 	return cmd;
2891 }
2892 
2893 static ipfw_insn *
2894 add_mactype(ipfw_insn *cmd, int ac, char *av)
2895 {
2896 	if (ac < 1)
2897 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "missing MAC type");
2898 	if (strcmp(av, "any") != 0) { /* we have a non-null type */
2899 		fill_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, av, IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE);
2900 		cmd->opcode = O_MAC_TYPE;
2901 		return cmd;
2902 	} else
2903 		return NULL;
2904 }
2905 
2906 static ipfw_insn *
2907 add_proto(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2908 {
2909 	struct protoent *pe;
2910 	u_char proto = 0;
2911 
2912 	if (_substrcmp(av, "all") == 0)
2913 		; /* same as "ip" */
2914 	else if ((proto = atoi(av)) > 0)
2915 		; /* all done! */
2916 	else if ((pe = getprotobyname(av)) != NULL)
2917 		proto = pe->p_proto;
2918 	else
2919 		return NULL;
2920 	if (proto != IPPROTO_IP)
2921 		fill_cmd(cmd, O_PROTO, 0, proto);
2922 	return cmd;
2923 }
2924 
2925 static ipfw_insn *
2926 add_srcip(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2927 {
2928 	fill_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd, av);
2929 	if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_SET)			/* set */
2930 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_SET;
2931 	else if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_LOOKUP)		/* table */
2932 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_LOOKUP;
2933 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))		/* me */
2934 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_ME;
2935 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))	/* one IP */
2936 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC;
2937 	else							/* addr/mask */
2938 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_MASK;
2939 	return cmd;
2940 }
2941 
2942 static ipfw_insn *
2943 add_dstip(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2944 {
2945 	fill_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd, av);
2946 	if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_SET)			/* set */
2947 		;
2948 	else if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_LOOKUP)		/* table */
2949 		;
2950 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))		/* me */
2951 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST_ME;
2952 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))	/* one IP */
2953 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST;
2954 	else							/* addr/mask */
2955 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST_MASK;
2956 	return cmd;
2957 }
2958 
2959 static ipfw_insn *
2960 add_ports(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av, u_char proto, int opcode)
2961 {
2962 	if (_substrcmp(av, "any") == 0) {
2963 		return NULL;
2964 	} else if (fill_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, av, proto)) {
2965 		/* XXX todo: check that we have a protocol with ports */
2966 		cmd->opcode = opcode;
2967 		return cmd;
2968 	}
2969 	return NULL;
2970 }
2971 
2972 /*
2973  * Parse arguments and assemble the microinstructions which make up a rule.
2974  * Rules are added into the 'rulebuf' and then copied in the correct order
2975  * into the actual rule.
2976  *
2977  * The syntax for a rule starts with the action, followed by
2978  * optional action parameters, and the various match patterns.
2979  * In the assembled microcode, the first opcode must be an O_PROBE_STATE
2980  * (generated if the rule includes a keep-state option), then the
2981  * various match patterns, log/altq actions, and the actual action.
2982  *
2983  */
2984 static void
2985 add(int ac, char *av[])
2986 {
2987 	/*
2988 	 * rules are added into the 'rulebuf' and then copied in
2989 	 * the correct order into the actual rule.
2990 	 * Some things that need to go out of order (prob, action etc.)
2991 	 * go into actbuf[].
2992 	 */
2993 	static uint32_t rulebuf[255], actbuf[255], cmdbuf[255];
2994 
2995 	ipfw_insn *src, *dst, *cmd, *action, *prev=NULL;
2996 	ipfw_insn *first_cmd;	/* first match pattern */
2997 
2998 	struct ip_fw *rule;
2999 
3000 	/*
3001 	 * various flags used to record that we entered some fields.
3002 	 */
3003 	ipfw_insn *have_state = NULL;	/* check-state or keep-state */
3004 	ipfw_insn *have_log = NULL, *have_altq = NULL;
3005 	size_t len;
3006 
3007 	int i;
3008 
3009 	int open_par = 0;	/* open parenthesis ( */
3010 
3011 	/* proto is here because it is used to fetch ports */
3012 	u_char proto = IPPROTO_IP;	/* default protocol */
3013 
3014 	double match_prob = 1; /* match probability, default is always match */
3015 
3016 	bzero(actbuf, sizeof(actbuf));		/* actions go here */
3017 	bzero(cmdbuf, sizeof(cmdbuf));
3018 	bzero(rulebuf, sizeof(rulebuf));
3019 
3020 	rule = (struct ip_fw *)rulebuf;
3021 	cmd = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf;
3022 	action = (ipfw_insn *)actbuf;
3023 
3024 	av++; ac--;
3025 
3026 	/* [rule N]	-- Rule number optional */
3027 	if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
3028 		rule->rulenum = atoi(*av);
3029 		av++;
3030 		ac--;
3031 	}
3032 
3033 	/* [set N]	-- set number (0..RESVD_SET), optional */
3034 	if (ac > 1 && _substrcmp(*av, "set") == 0) {
3035 		int set = strtoul(av[1], NULL, 10);
3036 		if (set < 0 || set > RESVD_SET)
3037 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal set %s", av[1]);
3038 		rule->set = set;
3039 		av += 2; ac -= 2;
3040 	}
3041 
3042 	/* [prob D]	-- match probability, optional */
3043 	if (ac > 1 && _substrcmp(*av, "prob") == 0) {
3044 		match_prob = strtod(av[1], NULL);
3045 
3046 		if (match_prob <= 0 || match_prob > 1)
3047 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal match prob. %s", av[1]);
3048 		av += 2; ac -= 2;
3049 	}
3050 
3051 	/* action	-- mandatory */
3052 	NEED1("missing action");
3053 	i = match_token(rule_actions, *av);
3054 	ac--; av++;
3055 	action->len = 1;	/* default */
3056 	switch(i) {
3057 	case TOK_CHECKSTATE:
3058 		have_state = action;
3059 		action->opcode = O_CHECK_STATE;
3060 		break;
3061 
3062 	case TOK_ACCEPT:
3063 		action->opcode = O_ACCEPT;
3064 		break;
3065 
3066 	case TOK_DENY:
3067 		action->opcode = O_DENY;
3068 		action->arg1 = 0;
3069 		break;
3070 
3071 	case TOK_REJECT:
3072 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
3073 		action->arg1 = ICMP_UNREACH_HOST;
3074 		break;
3075 
3076 	case TOK_RESET:
3077 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
3078 		action->arg1 = ICMP_REJECT_RST;
3079 		break;
3080 
3081 	case TOK_UNREACH:
3082 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
3083 		NEED1("missing reject code");
3084 		fill_reject_code(&action->arg1, *av);
3085 		ac--; av++;
3086 		break;
3087 
3088 	case TOK_COUNT:
3089 		action->opcode = O_COUNT;
3090 		break;
3091 
3092 	case TOK_QUEUE:
3093 	case TOK_PIPE:
3094 		action->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_pipe);
3095 	case TOK_SKIPTO:
3096 		if (i == TOK_QUEUE)
3097 			action->opcode = O_QUEUE;
3098 		else if (i == TOK_PIPE)
3099 			action->opcode = O_PIPE;
3100 		else if (i == TOK_SKIPTO)
3101 			action->opcode = O_SKIPTO;
3102 		NEED1("missing skipto/pipe/queue number");
3103 		action->arg1 = strtoul(*av, NULL, 10);
3104 		av++; ac--;
3105 		break;
3106 
3107 	case TOK_DIVERT:
3108 	case TOK_TEE:
3109 		action->opcode = (i == TOK_DIVERT) ? O_DIVERT : O_TEE;
3110 		NEED1("missing divert/tee port");
3111 		action->arg1 = strtoul(*av, NULL, 0);
3112 		if (action->arg1 == 0) {
3113 			struct servent *s;
3114 			setservent(1);
3115 			s = getservbyname(av[0], "divert");
3116 			if (s != NULL)
3117 				action->arg1 = ntohs(s->s_port);
3118 			else
3119 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal divert/tee port");
3120 		}
3121 		ac--; av++;
3122 		break;
3123 
3124 	case TOK_FORWARD: {
3125 		ipfw_insn_sa *p = (ipfw_insn_sa *)action;
3126 		char *s, *end;
3127 
3128 		NEED1("missing forward address[:port]");
3129 
3130 		action->opcode = O_FORWARD_IP;
3131 		action->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_sa);
3132 
3133 		p->sa.sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
3134 		p->sa.sin_family = AF_INET;
3135 		p->sa.sin_port = 0;
3136 		/*
3137 		 * locate the address-port separator (':' or ',')
3138 		 */
3139 		s = strchr(*av, ':');
3140 		if (s == NULL)
3141 			s = strchr(*av, ',');
3142 		if (s != NULL) {
3143 			*(s++) = '\0';
3144 			i = strtoport(s, &end, 0 /* base */, 0 /* proto */);
3145 			if (s == end)
3146 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
3147 				    "illegal forwarding port ``%s''", s);
3148 			p->sa.sin_port = (u_short)i;
3149 		}
3150 		lookup_host(*av, &(p->sa.sin_addr));
3151 		}
3152 		ac--; av++;
3153 		break;
3154 
3155 	case TOK_COMMENT:
3156 		/* pretend it is a 'count' rule followed by the comment */
3157 		action->opcode = O_COUNT;
3158 		ac++; av--;	/* go back... */
3159 		break;
3160 
3161 	default:
3162 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid action %s\n", av[-1]);
3163 	}
3164 	action = next_cmd(action);
3165 
3166 	/*
3167 	 * [altq queuename] -- altq tag, optional
3168 	 * [log [logamount N]]	-- log, optional
3169 	 *
3170 	 * If they exist, it go first in the cmdbuf, but then it is
3171 	 * skipped in the copy section to the end of the buffer.
3172 	 */
3173 	while (ac != 0 && (i = match_token(rule_action_params, *av)) != -1) {
3174 		ac--; av++;
3175 		switch (i) {
3176 		case TOK_LOG:
3177 		    {
3178 			ipfw_insn_log *c = (ipfw_insn_log *)cmd;
3179 			int l;
3180 
3181 			if (have_log)
3182 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
3183 				    "log cannot be specified more than once");
3184 			have_log = (ipfw_insn *)c;
3185 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_log);
3186 			cmd->opcode = O_LOG;
3187 			if (ac && _substrcmp(*av, "logamount") == 0) {
3188 				ac--; av++;
3189 				NEED1("logamount requires argument");
3190 				l = atoi(*av);
3191 				if (l < 0)
3192 					errx(EX_DATAERR,
3193 					    "logamount must be positive");
3194 				c->max_log = l;
3195 				ac--; av++;
3196 			} else {
3197 				len = sizeof(c->max_log);
3198 				if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.verbose_limit",
3199 				    &c->max_log, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
3200 					errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
3201 					    "net.inet.ip.fw.verbose_limit");
3202 			}
3203 		    }
3204 			break;
3205 
3206 		case TOK_ALTQ:
3207 		    {
3208 			ipfw_insn_altq *a = (ipfw_insn_altq *)cmd;
3209 
3210 			NEED1("missing altq queue name");
3211 			if (have_altq)
3212 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
3213 				    "altq cannot be specified more than once");
3214 			have_altq = (ipfw_insn *)a;
3215 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_altq);
3216 			cmd->opcode = O_ALTQ;
3217 			fill_altq_qid(&a->qid, *av);
3218 			ac--; av++;
3219 		    }
3220 			break;
3221 
3222 		default:
3223 			abort();
3224 		}
3225 		cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3226 	}
3227 
3228 	if (have_state)	/* must be a check-state, we are done */
3229 		goto done;
3230 
3231 #define OR_START(target)					\
3232 	if (ac && (*av[0] == '(' || *av[0] == '{')) {		\
3233 		if (open_par)					\
3234 			errx(EX_USAGE, "nested \"(\" not allowed\n"); \
3235 		prev = NULL;					\
3236 		open_par = 1;					\
3237 		if ( (av[0])[1] == '\0') {			\
3238 			ac--; av++;				\
3239 		} else						\
3240 			(*av)++;				\
3241 	}							\
3242 	target:							\
3243 
3244 
3245 #define	CLOSE_PAR						\
3246 	if (open_par) {						\
3247 		if (ac && (					\
3248 		    strcmp(*av, ")") == 0 ||			\
3249 		    strcmp(*av, "}") == 0)) {			\
3250 			prev = NULL;				\
3251 			open_par = 0;				\
3252 			ac--; av++;				\
3253 		} else						\
3254 			errx(EX_USAGE, "missing \")\"\n");	\
3255 	}
3256 
3257 #define NOT_BLOCK						\
3258 	if (ac && _substrcmp(*av, "not") == 0) {		\
3259 		if (cmd->len & F_NOT)				\
3260 			errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n"); \
3261 		cmd->len |= F_NOT;				\
3262 		ac--; av++;					\
3263 	}
3264 
3265 #define OR_BLOCK(target)					\
3266 	if (ac && _substrcmp(*av, "or") == 0) {		\
3267 		if (prev == NULL || open_par == 0)		\
3268 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid OR block");	\
3269 		prev->len |= F_OR;				\
3270 		ac--; av++;					\
3271 		goto target;					\
3272 	}							\
3273 	CLOSE_PAR;
3274 
3275 	first_cmd = cmd;
3276 
3277 #if 0
3278 	/*
3279 	 * MAC addresses, optional.
3280 	 * If we have this, we skip the part "proto from src to dst"
3281 	 * and jump straight to the option parsing.
3282 	 */
3283 	NOT_BLOCK;
3284 	NEED1("missing protocol");
3285 	if (_substrcmp(*av, "MAC") == 0 ||
3286 	    _substrcmp(*av, "mac") == 0) {
3287 		ac--; av++;	/* the "MAC" keyword */
3288 		add_mac(cmd, ac, av); /* exits in case of errors */
3289 		cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3290 		ac -= 2; av += 2;	/* dst-mac and src-mac */
3291 		NOT_BLOCK;
3292 		NEED1("missing mac type");
3293 		if (add_mactype(cmd, ac, av[0]))
3294 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3295 		ac--; av++;	/* any or mac-type */
3296 		goto read_options;
3297 	}
3298 #endif
3299 
3300 	/*
3301 	 * protocol, mandatory
3302 	 */
3303     OR_START(get_proto);
3304 	NOT_BLOCK;
3305 	NEED1("missing protocol");
3306 	if (add_proto(cmd, *av)) {
3307 		av++; ac--;
3308 		if (F_LEN(cmd) == 0)	/* plain IP */
3309 			proto = 0;
3310 		else {
3311 			proto = cmd->arg1;
3312 			prev = cmd;
3313 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3314 		}
3315 	} else if (first_cmd != cmd) {
3316 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid protocol ``%s''", *av);
3317 	} else
3318 		goto read_options;
3319     OR_BLOCK(get_proto);
3320 
3321 	/*
3322 	 * "from", mandatory
3323 	 */
3324 	if (!ac || _substrcmp(*av, "from") != 0)
3325 		errx(EX_USAGE, "missing ``from''");
3326 	ac--; av++;
3327 
3328 	/*
3329 	 * source IP, mandatory
3330 	 */
3331     OR_START(source_ip);
3332 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
3333 	NEED1("missing source address");
3334 	if (add_srcip(cmd, *av)) {
3335 		ac--; av++;
3336 		if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0) {	/* ! any */
3337 			prev = cmd;
3338 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3339 		}
3340 	}
3341     OR_BLOCK(source_ip);
3342 
3343 	/*
3344 	 * source ports, optional
3345 	 */
3346 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
3347 	if (ac) {
3348 		if (_substrcmp(*av, "any") == 0 ||
3349 		    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_SRCPORT)) {
3350 			ac--; av++;
3351 			if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0)
3352 				cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3353 		}
3354 	}
3355 
3356 	/*
3357 	 * "to", mandatory
3358 	 */
3359 	if (!ac || _substrcmp(*av, "to") != 0)
3360 		errx(EX_USAGE, "missing ``to''");
3361 	av++; ac--;
3362 
3363 	/*
3364 	 * destination, mandatory
3365 	 */
3366     OR_START(dest_ip);
3367 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
3368 	NEED1("missing dst address");
3369 	if (add_dstip(cmd, *av)) {
3370 		ac--; av++;
3371 		if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0) {	/* ! any */
3372 			prev = cmd;
3373 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3374 		}
3375 	}
3376     OR_BLOCK(dest_ip);
3377 
3378 	/*
3379 	 * dest. ports, optional
3380 	 */
3381 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
3382 	if (ac) {
3383 		if (_substrcmp(*av, "any") == 0 ||
3384 		    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_DSTPORT)) {
3385 			ac--; av++;
3386 			if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0)
3387 				cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3388 		}
3389 	}
3390 
3391 read_options:
3392 	if (ac && first_cmd == cmd) {
3393 		/*
3394 		 * nothing specified so far, store in the rule to ease
3395 		 * printout later.
3396 		 */
3397 		 rule->_pad = 1;
3398 	}
3399 	prev = NULL;
3400 	while (ac) {
3401 		char *s;
3402 		ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd32;	/* alias for cmd */
3403 
3404 		s = *av;
3405 		cmd32 = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
3406 
3407 		if (*s == '!') {	/* alternate syntax for NOT */
3408 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
3409 				errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n");
3410 			cmd->len = F_NOT;
3411 			s++;
3412 		}
3413 		i = match_token(rule_options, s);
3414 		ac--; av++;
3415 		switch(i) {
3416 		case TOK_NOT:
3417 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
3418 				errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n");
3419 			cmd->len = F_NOT;
3420 			break;
3421 
3422 		case TOK_OR:
3423 			if (open_par == 0 || prev == NULL)
3424 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid \"or\" block\n");
3425 			prev->len |= F_OR;
3426 			break;
3427 
3428 		case TOK_STARTBRACE:
3429 			if (open_par)
3430 				errx(EX_USAGE, "+nested \"(\" not allowed\n");
3431 			open_par = 1;
3432 			break;
3433 
3434 		case TOK_ENDBRACE:
3435 			if (!open_par)
3436 				errx(EX_USAGE, "+missing \")\"\n");
3437 			open_par = 0;
3438 			prev = NULL;
3439         		break;
3440 
3441 		case TOK_IN:
3442 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IN, 0, 0);
3443 			break;
3444 
3445 		case TOK_OUT:
3446 			cmd->len ^= F_NOT; /* toggle F_NOT */
3447 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IN, 0, 0);
3448 			break;
3449 
3450 		case TOK_DIVERTED:
3451 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_DIVERTED, 0, 3);
3452 			break;
3453 
3454 		case TOK_DIVERTEDLOOPBACK:
3455 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_DIVERTED, 0, 1);
3456 			break;
3457 
3458 		case TOK_DIVERTEDOUTPUT:
3459 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_DIVERTED, 0, 2);
3460 			break;
3461 
3462 		case TOK_FRAG:
3463 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_FRAG, 0, 0);
3464 			break;
3465 
3466 		case TOK_LAYER2:
3467 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_LAYER2, 0, 0);
3468 			break;
3469 
3470 		case TOK_XMIT:
3471 		case TOK_RECV:
3472 		case TOK_VIA:
3473 			NEED1("recv, xmit, via require interface name"
3474 				" or address");
3475 			fill_iface((ipfw_insn_if *)cmd, av[0]);
3476 			ac--; av++;
3477 			if (F_LEN(cmd) == 0)	/* not a valid address */
3478 				break;
3479 			if (i == TOK_XMIT)
3480 				cmd->opcode = O_XMIT;
3481 			else if (i == TOK_RECV)
3482 				cmd->opcode = O_RECV;
3483 			else if (i == TOK_VIA)
3484 				cmd->opcode = O_VIA;
3485 			break;
3486 
3487 		case TOK_ICMPTYPES:
3488 			NEED1("icmptypes requires list of types");
3489 			fill_icmptypes((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd, *av);
3490 			av++; ac--;
3491 			break;
3492 
3493 		case TOK_IPTTL:
3494 			NEED1("ipttl requires TTL");
3495 			if (strpbrk(*av, "-,")) {
3496 			    if (!add_ports(cmd, *av, 0, O_IPTTL))
3497 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid ipttl %s", *av);
3498 			} else
3499 			    fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPTTL, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3500 			ac--; av++;
3501 			break;
3502 
3503 		case TOK_IPID:
3504 			NEED1("ipid requires id");
3505 			if (strpbrk(*av, "-,")) {
3506 			    if (!add_ports(cmd, *av, 0, O_IPID))
3507 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid ipid %s", *av);
3508 			} else
3509 			    fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPID, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3510 			ac--; av++;
3511 			break;
3512 
3513 		case TOK_IPLEN:
3514 			NEED1("iplen requires length");
3515 			if (strpbrk(*av, "-,")) {
3516 			    if (!add_ports(cmd, *av, 0, O_IPLEN))
3517 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid ip len %s", *av);
3518 			} else
3519 			    fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPLEN, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3520 			ac--; av++;
3521 			break;
3522 
3523 		case TOK_IPVER:
3524 			NEED1("ipver requires version");
3525 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPVER, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3526 			ac--; av++;
3527 			break;
3528 
3529 		case TOK_IPPRECEDENCE:
3530 			NEED1("ipprecedence requires value");
3531 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPPRECEDENCE, 0,
3532 			    (strtoul(*av, NULL, 0) & 7) << 5);
3533 			ac--; av++;
3534 			break;
3535 
3536 		case TOK_IPOPTS:
3537 			NEED1("missing argument for ipoptions");
3538 			fill_flags(cmd, O_IPOPT, f_ipopts, *av);
3539 			ac--; av++;
3540 			break;
3541 
3542 		case TOK_IPTOS:
3543 			NEED1("missing argument for iptos");
3544 			fill_flags(cmd, O_IPTOS, f_iptos, *av);
3545 			ac--; av++;
3546 			break;
3547 
3548 		case TOK_UID:
3549 			NEED1("uid requires argument");
3550 		    {
3551 			char *end;
3552 			uid_t uid;
3553 			struct passwd *pwd;
3554 
3555 			cmd->opcode = O_UID;
3556 			uid = strtoul(*av, &end, 0);
3557 			pwd = (*end == '\0') ? getpwuid(uid) : getpwnam(*av);
3558 			if (pwd == NULL)
3559 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "uid \"%s\" nonexistent", *av);
3560 			cmd32->d[0] = pwd->pw_uid;
3561 			cmd->len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3562 			ac--; av++;
3563 		    }
3564 			break;
3565 
3566 		case TOK_GID:
3567 			NEED1("gid requires argument");
3568 		    {
3569 			char *end;
3570 			gid_t gid;
3571 			struct group *grp;
3572 
3573 			cmd->opcode = O_GID;
3574 			gid = strtoul(*av, &end, 0);
3575 			grp = (*end == '\0') ? getgrgid(gid) : getgrnam(*av);
3576 			if (grp == NULL)
3577 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "gid \"%s\" nonexistent", *av);
3578 			cmd32->d[0] = grp->gr_gid;
3579 			cmd->len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3580 			ac--; av++;
3581 		    }
3582 			break;
3583 
3584 		case TOK_JAIL:
3585 			NEED1("jail requires argument");
3586 		    {
3587 			char *end;
3588 			int jid;
3589 
3590 			cmd->opcode = O_JAIL;
3591 			jid = (int)strtol(*av, &end, 0);
3592 			if (jid < 0 || *end != '\0')
3593 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "jail requires prison ID");
3594 			cmd32->d[0] = (uint32_t)jid;
3595 			cmd->len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3596 			ac--; av++;
3597 		    }
3598 			break;
3599 
3600 		case TOK_ESTAB:
3601 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_ESTAB, 0, 0);
3602 			break;
3603 
3604 		case TOK_SETUP:
3605 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_TCPFLAGS, 0,
3606 				(TH_SYN) | ( (TH_ACK) & 0xff) <<8 );
3607 			break;
3608 
3609 		case TOK_TCPDATALEN:
3610 			NEED1("tcpdatalen requires length");
3611 			if (strpbrk(*av, "-,")) {
3612 			    if (!add_ports(cmd, *av, 0, O_TCPDATALEN))
3613 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid tcpdata len %s", *av);
3614 			} else
3615 			    fill_cmd(cmd, O_TCPDATALEN, 0,
3616 				    strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3617 			ac--; av++;
3618 			break;
3619 
3620 		case TOK_TCPOPTS:
3621 			NEED1("missing argument for tcpoptions");
3622 			fill_flags(cmd, O_TCPOPTS, f_tcpopts, *av);
3623 			ac--; av++;
3624 			break;
3625 
3626 		case TOK_TCPSEQ:
3627 		case TOK_TCPACK:
3628 			NEED1("tcpseq/tcpack requires argument");
3629 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3630 			cmd->opcode = (i == TOK_TCPSEQ) ? O_TCPSEQ : O_TCPACK;
3631 			cmd32->d[0] = htonl(strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3632 			ac--; av++;
3633 			break;
3634 
3635 		case TOK_TCPWIN:
3636 			NEED1("tcpwin requires length");
3637 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_TCPWIN, 0,
3638 			    htons(strtoul(*av, NULL, 0)));
3639 			ac--; av++;
3640 			break;
3641 
3642 		case TOK_TCPFLAGS:
3643 			NEED1("missing argument for tcpflags");
3644 			cmd->opcode = O_TCPFLAGS;
3645 			fill_flags(cmd, O_TCPFLAGS, f_tcpflags, *av);
3646 			ac--; av++;
3647 			break;
3648 
3649 		case TOK_KEEPSTATE:
3650 			if (open_par)
3651 				errx(EX_USAGE, "keep-state cannot be part "
3652 				    "of an or block");
3653 			if (have_state)
3654 				errx(EX_USAGE, "only one of keep-state "
3655 					"and limit is allowed");
3656 			have_state = cmd;
3657 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_KEEP_STATE, 0, 0);
3658 			break;
3659 
3660 		case TOK_LIMIT:
3661 			if (open_par)
3662 				errx(EX_USAGE, "limit cannot be part "
3663 				    "of an or block");
3664 			if (have_state)
3665 				errx(EX_USAGE, "only one of keep-state "
3666 					"and limit is allowed");
3667 			NEED1("limit needs mask and # of connections");
3668 			have_state = cmd;
3669 		    {
3670 			ipfw_insn_limit *c = (ipfw_insn_limit *)cmd;
3671 
3672 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_limit);
3673 			cmd->opcode = O_LIMIT;
3674 			c->limit_mask = 0;
3675 			c->conn_limit = 0;
3676 			for (; ac >1 ;) {
3677 				int val;
3678 
3679 				val = match_token(limit_masks, *av);
3680 				if (val <= 0)
3681 					break;
3682 				c->limit_mask |= val;
3683 				ac--; av++;
3684 			}
3685 			c->conn_limit = atoi(*av);
3686 			if (c->conn_limit == 0)
3687 				errx(EX_USAGE, "limit: limit must be >0");
3688 			if (c->limit_mask == 0)
3689 				errx(EX_USAGE, "missing limit mask");
3690 			ac--; av++;
3691 		    }
3692 			break;
3693 
3694 		case TOK_PROTO:
3695 			NEED1("missing protocol");
3696 			if (add_proto(cmd, *av)) {
3697 				proto = cmd->arg1;
3698 				ac--; av++;
3699 			} else
3700 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid protocol ``%s''",
3701 				    *av);
3702 			break;
3703 
3704 		case TOK_SRCIP:
3705 			NEED1("missing source IP");
3706 			if (add_srcip(cmd, *av)) {
3707 				ac--; av++;
3708 			}
3709 			break;
3710 
3711 		case TOK_DSTIP:
3712 			NEED1("missing destination IP");
3713 			if (add_dstip(cmd, *av)) {
3714 				ac--; av++;
3715 			}
3716 			break;
3717 
3718 		case TOK_SRCPORT:
3719 			NEED1("missing source port");
3720 			if (_substrcmp(*av, "any") == 0 ||
3721 			    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_SRCPORT)) {
3722 				ac--; av++;
3723 			} else
3724 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid source port %s", *av);
3725 			break;
3726 
3727 		case TOK_DSTPORT:
3728 			NEED1("missing destination port");
3729 			if (_substrcmp(*av, "any") == 0 ||
3730 			    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_DSTPORT)) {
3731 				ac--; av++;
3732 			} else
3733 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid destination port %s",
3734 				    *av);
3735 			break;
3736 
3737 		case TOK_MAC:
3738 			if (add_mac(cmd, ac, av)) {
3739 				ac -= 2; av += 2;
3740 			}
3741 			break;
3742 
3743 		case TOK_MACTYPE:
3744 			NEED1("missing mac type");
3745 			if (!add_mactype(cmd, ac, *av))
3746 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid mac type %s", *av);
3747 			ac--; av++;
3748 			break;
3749 
3750 		case TOK_VERREVPATH:
3751 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_VERREVPATH, 0, 0);
3752 			break;
3753 
3754 		case TOK_VERSRCREACH:
3755 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_VERSRCREACH, 0, 0);
3756 			break;
3757 
3758 		case TOK_ANTISPOOF:
3759 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_ANTISPOOF, 0, 0);
3760 			break;
3761 
3762 		case TOK_IPSEC:
3763 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPSEC, 0, 0);
3764 			break;
3765 
3766 		case TOK_COMMENT:
3767 			fill_comment(cmd, ac, av);
3768 			av += ac;
3769 			ac = 0;
3770 			break;
3771 
3772 		default:
3773 			errx(EX_USAGE, "unrecognised option [%d] %s\n", i, s);
3774 		}
3775 		if (F_LEN(cmd) > 0) {	/* prepare to advance */
3776 			prev = cmd;
3777 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3778 		}
3779 	}
3780 
3781 done:
3782 	/*
3783 	 * Now copy stuff into the rule.
3784 	 * If we have a keep-state option, the first instruction
3785 	 * must be a PROBE_STATE (which is generated here).
3786 	 * If we have a LOG option, it was stored as the first command,
3787 	 * and now must be moved to the top of the action part.
3788 	 */
3789 	dst = (ipfw_insn *)rule->cmd;
3790 
3791 	/*
3792 	 * First thing to write into the command stream is the match probability.
3793 	 */
3794 	if (match_prob != 1) { /* 1 means always match */
3795 		dst->opcode = O_PROB;
3796 		dst->len = 2;
3797 		*((int32_t *)(dst+1)) = (int32_t)(match_prob * 0x7fffffff);
3798 		dst += dst->len;
3799 	}
3800 
3801 	/*
3802 	 * generate O_PROBE_STATE if necessary
3803 	 */
3804 	if (have_state && have_state->opcode != O_CHECK_STATE) {
3805 		fill_cmd(dst, O_PROBE_STATE, 0, 0);
3806 		dst = next_cmd(dst);
3807 	}
3808 	/*
3809 	 * copy all commands but O_LOG, O_KEEP_STATE, O_LIMIT, O_ALTQ
3810 	 */
3811 	for (src = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf; src != cmd; src += i) {
3812 		i = F_LEN(src);
3813 
3814 		switch (src->opcode) {
3815 		case O_LOG:
3816 		case O_KEEP_STATE:
3817 		case O_LIMIT:
3818 		case O_ALTQ:
3819 			break;
3820 		default:
3821 			bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(uint32_t));
3822 			dst += i;
3823 		}
3824 	}
3825 
3826 	/*
3827 	 * put back the have_state command as last opcode
3828 	 */
3829 	if (have_state && have_state->opcode != O_CHECK_STATE) {
3830 		i = F_LEN(have_state);
3831 		bcopy(have_state, dst, i * sizeof(uint32_t));
3832 		dst += i;
3833 	}
3834 	/*
3835 	 * start action section
3836 	 */
3837 	rule->act_ofs = dst - rule->cmd;
3838 
3839 	/*
3840 	 * put back O_LOG, O_ALTQ if necessary
3841 	 */
3842 	if (have_log) {
3843 		i = F_LEN(have_log);
3844 		bcopy(have_log, dst, i * sizeof(uint32_t));
3845 		dst += i;
3846 	}
3847 	if (have_altq) {
3848 		i = F_LEN(have_altq);
3849 		bcopy(have_altq, dst, i * sizeof(uint32_t));
3850 		dst += i;
3851 	}
3852 	/*
3853 	 * copy all other actions
3854 	 */
3855 	for (src = (ipfw_insn *)actbuf; src != action; src += i) {
3856 		i = F_LEN(src);
3857 		bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(uint32_t));
3858 		dst += i;
3859 	}
3860 
3861 	rule->cmd_len = (uint32_t *)dst - (uint32_t *)(rule->cmd);
3862 	i = (char *)dst - (char *)rule;
3863 	if (do_cmd(IP_FW_ADD, rule, (uintptr_t)&i) == -1)
3864 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "getsockopt(%s)", "IP_FW_ADD");
3865 	if (!do_quiet)
3866 		show_ipfw(rule, 0, 0);
3867 }
3868 
3869 static void
3870 zero(int ac, char *av[], int optname /* IP_FW_ZERO or IP_FW_RESETLOG */)
3871 {
3872 	int rulenum;
3873 	int failed = EX_OK;
3874 	char const *name = optname == IP_FW_ZERO ?  "ZERO" : "RESETLOG";
3875 
3876 	av++; ac--;
3877 
3878 	if (!ac) {
3879 		/* clear all entries */
3880 		if (do_cmd(optname, NULL, 0) < 0)
3881 			err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(IP_FW_%s)", name);
3882 		if (!do_quiet)
3883 			printf("%s.\n", optname == IP_FW_ZERO ?
3884 			    "Accounting cleared":"Logging counts reset");
3885 
3886 		return;
3887 	}
3888 
3889 	while (ac) {
3890 		/* Rule number */
3891 		if (isdigit(**av)) {
3892 			rulenum = atoi(*av);
3893 			av++;
3894 			ac--;
3895 			if (do_cmd(optname, &rulenum, sizeof rulenum)) {
3896 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_%s)",
3897 				    rulenum, name);
3898 				failed = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
3899 			} else if (!do_quiet)
3900 				printf("Entry %d %s.\n", rulenum,
3901 				    optname == IP_FW_ZERO ?
3902 					"cleared" : "logging count reset");
3903 		} else {
3904 			errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid rule number ``%s''", *av);
3905 		}
3906 	}
3907 	if (failed != EX_OK)
3908 		exit(failed);
3909 }
3910 
3911 static void
3912 flush(int force)
3913 {
3914 	int cmd = do_pipe ? IP_DUMMYNET_FLUSH : IP_FW_FLUSH;
3915 
3916 	if (!force && !do_quiet) { /* need to ask user */
3917 		int c;
3918 
3919 		printf("Are you sure? [yn] ");
3920 		fflush(stdout);
3921 		do {
3922 			c = toupper(getc(stdin));
3923 			while (c != '\n' && getc(stdin) != '\n')
3924 				if (feof(stdin))
3925 					return; /* and do not flush */
3926 		} while (c != 'Y' && c != 'N');
3927 		printf("\n");
3928 		if (c == 'N')	/* user said no */
3929 			return;
3930 	}
3931 	if (do_cmd(cmd, NULL, 0) < 0)
3932 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(IP_%s_FLUSH)",
3933 		    do_pipe ? "DUMMYNET" : "FW");
3934 	if (!do_quiet)
3935 		printf("Flushed all %s.\n", do_pipe ? "pipes" : "rules");
3936 }
3937 
3938 /*
3939  * Free a the (locally allocated) copy of command line arguments.
3940  */
3941 static void
3942 free_args(int ac, char **av)
3943 {
3944 	int i;
3945 
3946 	for (i=0; i < ac; i++)
3947 		free(av[i]);
3948 	free(av);
3949 }
3950 
3951 /*
3952  * This one handles all table-related commands
3953  * 	ipfw table N add addr[/masklen] [value]
3954  * 	ipfw table N delete addr[/masklen]
3955  * 	ipfw table N flush
3956  * 	ipfw table N list
3957  */
3958 static void
3959 table_handler(int ac, char *av[])
3960 {
3961 	ipfw_table_entry ent;
3962 	ipfw_table *tbl;
3963 	int do_add;
3964 	char *p;
3965 	socklen_t l;
3966 	uint32_t a;
3967 
3968 	ac--; av++;
3969 	if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
3970 		ent.tbl = atoi(*av);
3971 		ac--; av++;
3972 	} else
3973 		errx(EX_USAGE, "table number required");
3974 	NEED1("table needs command");
3975 	if (_substrcmp(*av, "add") == 0 ||
3976 	    _substrcmp(*av, "delete") == 0) {
3977 		do_add = **av == 'a';
3978 		ac--; av++;
3979 		if (!ac)
3980 			errx(EX_USAGE, "IP address required");
3981 		p = strchr(*av, '/');
3982 		if (p) {
3983 			*p++ = '\0';
3984 			ent.masklen = atoi(p);
3985 			if (ent.masklen > 32)
3986 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad width ``%s''", p);
3987 		} else
3988 			ent.masklen = 32;
3989 		if (lookup_host(*av, (struct in_addr *)&ent.addr) != 0)
3990 			errx(EX_NOHOST, "hostname ``%s'' unknown", *av);
3991 		ac--; av++;
3992 		if (do_add && ac)
3993 			ent.value = strtoul(*av, NULL, 0);
3994 		else
3995 			ent.value = 0;
3996 		if (do_cmd(do_add ? IP_FW_TABLE_ADD : IP_FW_TABLE_DEL,
3997 		    &ent, sizeof(ent)) < 0)
3998 			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt(IP_FW_TABLE_%s)",
3999 			    do_add ? "ADD" : "DEL");
4000 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "flush") == 0) {
4001 		if (do_cmd(IP_FW_TABLE_FLUSH, &ent.tbl, sizeof(ent.tbl)) < 0)
4002 			err(EX_OSERR, "setsockopt(IP_FW_TABLE_FLUSH)");
4003 	} else if (_substrcmp(*av, "list") == 0) {
4004 		a = ent.tbl;
4005 		l = sizeof(a);
4006 		if (do_cmd(IP_FW_TABLE_GETSIZE, &a, (uintptr_t)&l) < 0)
4007 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_FW_TABLE_GETSIZE)");
4008 		l = sizeof(*tbl) + a * sizeof(ipfw_table_entry);
4009 		tbl = malloc(l);
4010 		if (tbl == NULL)
4011 			err(EX_OSERR, "malloc");
4012 		tbl->tbl = ent.tbl;
4013 		if (do_cmd(IP_FW_TABLE_LIST, tbl, (uintptr_t)&l) < 0)
4014 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_FW_TABLE_LIST)");
4015 		for (a = 0; a < tbl->cnt; a++) {
4016 			printf("%s/%u %u\n",
4017 			    inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&tbl->ent[a].addr),
4018 			    tbl->ent[a].masklen, tbl->ent[a].value);
4019 		}
4020 	} else
4021 		errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid table command %s", *av);
4022 }
4023 
4024 /*
4025  * Called with the arguments (excluding program name).
4026  * Returns 0 if successful, 1 if empty command, errx() in case of errors.
4027  */
4028 static int
4029 ipfw_main(int oldac, char **oldav)
4030 {
4031 	int ch, ac, save_ac;
4032 	char **av, **save_av;
4033 	int do_acct = 0;		/* Show packet/byte count */
4034 
4035 #define WHITESP		" \t\f\v\n\r"
4036 	if (oldac == 0)
4037 		return 1;
4038 	else if (oldac == 1) {
4039 		/*
4040 		 * If we are called with a single string, try to split it into
4041 		 * arguments for subsequent parsing.
4042 		 * But first, remove spaces after a ',', by copying the string
4043 		 * in-place.
4044 		 */
4045 		char *arg = oldav[0];	/* The string... */
4046 		int l = strlen(arg);
4047 		int copy = 0;		/* 1 if we need to copy, 0 otherwise */
4048 		int i, j;
4049 		for (i = j = 0; i < l; i++) {
4050 			if (arg[i] == '#')	/* comment marker */
4051 				break;
4052 			if (copy) {
4053 				arg[j++] = arg[i];
4054 				copy = !index("," WHITESP, arg[i]);
4055 			} else {
4056 				copy = !index(WHITESP, arg[i]);
4057 				if (copy)
4058 					arg[j++] = arg[i];
4059 			}
4060 		}
4061 		if (!copy && j > 0)	/* last char was a 'blank', remove it */
4062 			j--;
4063 		l = j;			/* the new argument length */
4064 		arg[j++] = '\0';
4065 		if (l == 0)		/* empty string! */
4066 			return 1;
4067 
4068 		/*
4069 		 * First, count number of arguments. Because of the previous
4070 		 * processing, this is just the number of blanks plus 1.
4071 		 */
4072 		for (i = 0, ac = 1; i < l; i++)
4073 			if (index(WHITESP, arg[i]) != NULL)
4074 				ac++;
4075 
4076 		av = calloc(ac, sizeof(char *));
4077 
4078 		/*
4079 		 * Second, copy arguments from cmd[] to av[]. For each one,
4080 		 * j is the initial character, i is the one past the end.
4081 		 */
4082 		for (ac = 0, i = j = 0; i < l; i++)
4083 			if (index(WHITESP, arg[i]) != NULL || i == l-1) {
4084 				if (i == l-1)
4085 					i++;
4086 				av[ac] = calloc(i-j+1, 1);
4087 				bcopy(arg+j, av[ac], i-j);
4088 				ac++;
4089 				j = i + 1;
4090 			}
4091 	} else {
4092 		/*
4093 		 * If an argument ends with ',' join with the next one.
4094 		 */
4095 		int first, i, l;
4096 
4097 		av = calloc(oldac, sizeof(char *));
4098 		for (first = i = ac = 0, l = 0; i < oldac; i++) {
4099 			char *arg = oldav[i];
4100 			int k = strlen(arg);
4101 
4102 			l += k;
4103 			if (arg[k-1] != ',' || i == oldac-1) {
4104 				/* Time to copy. */
4105 				av[ac] = calloc(l+1, 1);
4106 				for (l=0; first <= i; first++) {
4107 					strcat(av[ac]+l, oldav[first]);
4108 					l += strlen(oldav[first]);
4109 				}
4110 				ac++;
4111 				l = 0;
4112 				first = i+1;
4113 			}
4114 		}
4115 	}
4116 
4117 	/* Set the force flag for non-interactive processes */
4118 	if (!do_force)
4119 		do_force = !isatty(STDIN_FILENO);
4120 
4121 	/* Save arguments for final freeing of memory. */
4122 	save_ac = ac;
4123 	save_av = av;
4124 
4125 	optind = optreset = 0;
4126 	while ((ch = getopt(ac, av, "abcdefhnNqs:STtv")) != -1)
4127 		switch (ch) {
4128 		case 'a':
4129 			do_acct = 1;
4130 			break;
4131 
4132 		case 'b':
4133 			comment_only = 1;
4134 			do_compact = 1;
4135 			break;
4136 
4137 		case 'c':
4138 			do_compact = 1;
4139 			break;
4140 
4141 		case 'd':
4142 			do_dynamic = 1;
4143 			break;
4144 
4145 		case 'e':
4146 			do_expired = 1;
4147 			break;
4148 
4149 		case 'f':
4150 			do_force = 1;
4151 			break;
4152 
4153 		case 'h': /* help */
4154 			free_args(save_ac, save_av);
4155 			help();
4156 			break;	/* NOTREACHED */
4157 
4158 		case 'n':
4159 			test_only = 1;
4160 			break;
4161 
4162 		case 'N':
4163 			do_resolv = 1;
4164 			break;
4165 
4166 		case 'q':
4167 			do_quiet = 1;
4168 			break;
4169 
4170 		case 's': /* sort */
4171 			do_sort = atoi(optarg);
4172 			break;
4173 
4174 		case 'S':
4175 			show_sets = 1;
4176 			break;
4177 
4178 		case 't':
4179 			do_time = 1;
4180 			break;
4181 
4182 		case 'T':
4183 			do_time = 2;	/* numeric timestamp */
4184 			break;
4185 
4186 		case 'v': /* verbose */
4187 			verbose = 1;
4188 			break;
4189 
4190 		default:
4191 			free_args(save_ac, save_av);
4192 			return 1;
4193 		}
4194 
4195 	ac -= optind;
4196 	av += optind;
4197 	NEED1("bad arguments, for usage summary ``ipfw''");
4198 
4199 	/*
4200 	 * An undocumented behaviour of ipfw1 was to allow rule numbers first,
4201 	 * e.g. "100 add allow ..." instead of "add 100 allow ...".
4202 	 * In case, swap first and second argument to get the normal form.
4203 	 */
4204 	if (ac > 1 && isdigit(*av[0])) {
4205 		char *p = av[0];
4206 
4207 		av[0] = av[1];
4208 		av[1] = p;
4209 	}
4210 
4211 	/*
4212 	 * optional: pipe or queue
4213 	 */
4214 	do_pipe = 0;
4215 	if (_substrcmp(*av, "pipe") == 0)
4216 		do_pipe = 1;
4217 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "queue") == 0)
4218 		do_pipe = 2;
4219 	if (do_pipe) {
4220 		ac--;
4221 		av++;
4222 	}
4223 	NEED1("missing command");
4224 
4225 	/*
4226 	 * For pipes and queues we normally say 'pipe NN config'
4227 	 * but the code is easier to parse as 'pipe config NN'
4228 	 * so we swap the two arguments.
4229 	 */
4230 	if (do_pipe > 0 && ac > 1 && isdigit(*av[0])) {
4231 		char *p = av[0];
4232 
4233 		av[0] = av[1];
4234 		av[1] = p;
4235 	}
4236 
4237 	if (_substrcmp(*av, "add") == 0)
4238 		add(ac, av);
4239 	else if (do_pipe && _substrcmp(*av, "config") == 0)
4240 		config_pipe(ac, av);
4241 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "delete") == 0)
4242 		delete(ac, av);
4243 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "flush") == 0)
4244 		flush(do_force);
4245 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "zero") == 0)
4246 		zero(ac, av, IP_FW_ZERO);
4247 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "resetlog") == 0)
4248 		zero(ac, av, IP_FW_RESETLOG);
4249 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "print") == 0 ||
4250 	         _substrcmp(*av, "list") == 0)
4251 		list(ac, av, do_acct);
4252 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "set") == 0)
4253 		sets_handler(ac, av);
4254 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "table") == 0)
4255 		table_handler(ac, av);
4256 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "enable") == 0)
4257 		sysctl_handler(ac, av, 1);
4258 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "disable") == 0)
4259 		sysctl_handler(ac, av, 0);
4260 	else if (_substrcmp(*av, "show") == 0)
4261 		list(ac, av, 1 /* show counters */);
4262 	else
4263 		errx(EX_USAGE, "bad command `%s'", *av);
4264 
4265 	/* Free memory allocated in the argument parsing. */
4266 	free_args(save_ac, save_av);
4267 	return 0;
4268 }
4269 
4270 
4271 static void
4272 ipfw_readfile(int ac, char *av[])
4273 {
4274 #define MAX_ARGS	32
4275 	char	buf[BUFSIZ];
4276 	char	*cmd = NULL, *filename = av[ac-1];
4277 	int	c, lineno=0;
4278 	FILE	*f = NULL;
4279 	pid_t	preproc = 0;
4280 
4281 	filename = av[ac-1];
4282 
4283 	while ((c = getopt(ac, av, "cfNnp:qS")) != -1) {
4284 		switch(c) {
4285 		case 'c':
4286 			do_compact = 1;
4287 			break;
4288 
4289 		case 'f':
4290 			do_force = 1;
4291 			break;
4292 
4293 		case 'N':
4294 			do_resolv = 1;
4295 			break;
4296 
4297 		case 'n':
4298 			test_only = 1;
4299 			break;
4300 
4301 		case 'p':
4302 			cmd = optarg;
4303 			/*
4304 			 * Skip previous args and delete last one, so we
4305 			 * pass all but the last argument to the preprocessor
4306 			 * via av[optind-1]
4307 			 */
4308 			av += optind - 1;
4309 			ac -= optind - 1;
4310 			av[ac-1] = NULL;
4311 			fprintf(stderr, "command is %s\n", av[0]);
4312 			break;
4313 
4314 		case 'q':
4315 			do_quiet = 1;
4316 			break;
4317 
4318 		case 'S':
4319 			show_sets = 1;
4320 			break;
4321 
4322 		default:
4323 			errx(EX_USAGE, "bad arguments, for usage"
4324 			     " summary ``ipfw''");
4325 		}
4326 
4327 		if (cmd != NULL)
4328 			break;
4329 	}
4330 
4331 	if (cmd == NULL && ac != optind + 1) {
4332 		fprintf(stderr, "ac %d, optind %d\n", ac, optind);
4333 		errx(EX_USAGE, "extraneous filename arguments");
4334 	}
4335 
4336 	if ((f = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL)
4337 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "fopen: %s", filename);
4338 
4339 	if (cmd != NULL) {			/* pipe through preprocessor */
4340 		int pipedes[2];
4341 
4342 		if (pipe(pipedes) == -1)
4343 			err(EX_OSERR, "cannot create pipe");
4344 
4345 		preproc = fork();
4346 		if (preproc == -1)
4347 			err(EX_OSERR, "cannot fork");
4348 
4349 		if (preproc == 0) {
4350 			/*
4351 			 * Child, will run the preprocessor with the
4352 			 * file on stdin and the pipe on stdout.
4353 			 */
4354 			if (dup2(fileno(f), 0) == -1
4355 			    || dup2(pipedes[1], 1) == -1)
4356 				err(EX_OSERR, "dup2()");
4357 			fclose(f);
4358 			close(pipedes[1]);
4359 			close(pipedes[0]);
4360 			execvp(cmd, av);
4361 			err(EX_OSERR, "execvp(%s) failed", cmd);
4362 		} else { /* parent, will reopen f as the pipe */
4363 			fclose(f);
4364 			close(pipedes[1]);
4365 			if ((f = fdopen(pipedes[0], "r")) == NULL) {
4366 				int savederrno = errno;
4367 
4368 				(void)kill(preproc, SIGTERM);
4369 				errno = savederrno;
4370 				err(EX_OSERR, "fdopen()");
4371 			}
4372 		}
4373 	}
4374 
4375 	while (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, f)) {		/* read commands */
4376 		char linename[10];
4377 		char *args[1];
4378 
4379 		lineno++;
4380 		sprintf(linename, "Line %d", lineno);
4381 		setprogname(linename); /* XXX */
4382 		args[0] = buf;
4383 		ipfw_main(1, args);
4384 	}
4385 	fclose(f);
4386 	if (cmd != NULL) {
4387 		int status;
4388 
4389 		if (waitpid(preproc, &status, 0) == -1)
4390 			errx(EX_OSERR, "waitpid()");
4391 		if (WIFEXITED(status) && WEXITSTATUS(status) != EX_OK)
4392 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
4393 			    "preprocessor exited with status %d",
4394 			    WEXITSTATUS(status));
4395 		else if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
4396 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
4397 			    "preprocessor exited with signal %d",
4398 			    WTERMSIG(status));
4399 	}
4400 }
4401 
4402 int
4403 main(int ac, char *av[])
4404 {
4405 	/*
4406 	 * If the last argument is an absolute pathname, interpret it
4407 	 * as a file to be preprocessed.
4408 	 */
4409 
4410 	if (ac > 1 && av[ac - 1][0] == '/' && access(av[ac - 1], R_OK) == 0)
4411 		ipfw_readfile(ac, av);
4412 	else {
4413 		if (ipfw_main(ac-1, av+1))
4414 			show_usage();
4415 	}
4416 	return EX_OK;
4417 }
4418