xref: /freebsd/sbin/ipfw/ipfw2.c (revision 4b2eaea43fec8e8792be611dea204071a10b655a)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2002 Luigi Rizzo
3  * Copyright (c) 1996 Alex Nash, Paul Traina, Poul-Henning Kamp
4  * Copyright (c) 1994 Ugen J.S.Antsilevich
5  *
6  * Idea and grammar partially left from:
7  * Copyright (c) 1993 Daniel Boulet
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source forms, with and without modification,
10  * are permitted provided that this entire comment appears intact.
11  *
12  * Redistribution in binary form may occur without any restrictions.
13  * Obviously, it would be nice if you gave credit where credit is due
14  * but requiring it would be too onerous.
15  *
16  * This software is provided ``AS IS'' without any warranties of any kind.
17  *
18  * NEW command line interface for IP firewall facility
19  *
20  * $FreeBSD$
21  */
22 
23 #include <sys/param.h>
24 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
25 #include <sys/socket.h>
26 #include <sys/sockio.h>
27 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
28 #include <sys/time.h>
29 #include <sys/wait.h>
30 
31 #include <ctype.h>
32 #include <err.h>
33 #include <errno.h>
34 #include <grp.h>
35 #include <limits.h>
36 #include <netdb.h>
37 #include <pwd.h>
38 #include <signal.h>
39 #include <stdio.h>
40 #include <stdlib.h>
41 #include <stdarg.h>
42 #include <string.h>
43 #include <timeconv.h>
44 #include <unistd.h>
45 #include <sysexits.h>
46 
47 #include <net/if.h>
48 #include <netinet/in.h>
49 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
50 #include <netinet/ip.h>
51 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
52 #include <netinet/ip_fw.h>
53 #include <net/route.h> /* def. of struct route */
54 #include <netinet/ip_dummynet.h>
55 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
56 #include <arpa/inet.h>
57 
58 int		s,			/* main RAW socket */
59 		do_resolv,		/* Would try to resolve all */
60 		do_acct,		/* Show packet/byte count */
61 		do_time,		/* Show time stamps */
62 		do_quiet,		/* Be quiet in add and flush */
63 		do_force,		/* Don't ask for confirmation */
64 		do_pipe,		/* this cmd refers to a pipe */
65 		do_sort,		/* field to sort results (0 = no) */
66 		do_dynamic,		/* display dynamic rules */
67 		do_expired,		/* display expired dynamic rules */
68 		do_compact,		/* show rules in compact mode */
69 		show_sets,		/* display rule sets */
70 		verbose;
71 
72 #define	IP_MASK_ALL	0xffffffff
73 
74 /*
75  * structure to hold flag names and associated values to be
76  * set in the appropriate masks.
77  * A NULL string terminates the array.
78  * Often, an element with 0 value contains an error string.
79  *
80  */
81 struct _s_x {
82 	char *s;
83 	int x;
84 };
85 
86 static struct _s_x f_tcpflags[] = {
87 	{ "syn", TH_SYN },
88 	{ "fin", TH_FIN },
89 	{ "ack", TH_ACK },
90 	{ "psh", TH_PUSH },
91 	{ "rst", TH_RST },
92 	{ "urg", TH_URG },
93 	{ "tcp flag", 0 },
94 	{ NULL,	0 }
95 };
96 
97 static struct _s_x f_tcpopts[] = {
98 	{ "mss",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_MSS },
99 	{ "maxseg",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_MSS },
100 	{ "window",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_WINDOW },
101 	{ "sack",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_SACK },
102 	{ "ts",		IP_FW_TCPOPT_TS },
103 	{ "timestamp",	IP_FW_TCPOPT_TS },
104 	{ "cc",		IP_FW_TCPOPT_CC },
105 	{ "tcp option",	0 },
106 	{ NULL,	0 }
107 };
108 
109 /*
110  * IP options span the range 0 to 255 so we need to remap them
111  * (though in fact only the low 5 bits are significant).
112  */
113 static struct _s_x f_ipopts[] = {
114 	{ "ssrr",	IP_FW_IPOPT_SSRR},
115 	{ "lsrr",	IP_FW_IPOPT_LSRR},
116 	{ "rr",		IP_FW_IPOPT_RR},
117 	{ "ts",		IP_FW_IPOPT_TS},
118 	{ "ip option",	0 },
119 	{ NULL,	0 }
120 };
121 
122 static struct _s_x f_iptos[] = {
123 	{ "lowdelay",	IPTOS_LOWDELAY},
124 	{ "throughput",	IPTOS_THROUGHPUT},
125 	{ "reliability", IPTOS_RELIABILITY},
126 	{ "mincost",	IPTOS_MINCOST},
127 	{ "congestion",	IPTOS_CE},
128 	{ "ecntransport", IPTOS_ECT},
129 	{ "ip tos option", 0},
130 	{ NULL,	0 }
131 };
132 
133 static struct _s_x limit_masks[] = {
134 	{"all",		DYN_SRC_ADDR|DYN_SRC_PORT|DYN_DST_ADDR|DYN_DST_PORT},
135 	{"src-addr",	DYN_SRC_ADDR},
136 	{"src-port",	DYN_SRC_PORT},
137 	{"dst-addr",	DYN_DST_ADDR},
138 	{"dst-port",	DYN_DST_PORT},
139 	{NULL,		0}
140 };
141 
142 /*
143  * we use IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE as a fake protocol id to call the print routines
144  * This is only used in this code.
145  */
146 #define IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE	0x1000
147 static struct _s_x ether_types[] = {
148     /*
149      * Note, we cannot use "-:&/" in the names because they are field
150      * separators in the type specifications. Also, we use s = NULL as
151      * end-delimiter, because a type of 0 can be legal.
152      */
153 	{ "ip",		0x0800 },
154 	{ "ipv4",	0x0800 },
155 	{ "ipv6",	0x86dd },
156 	{ "arp",	0x0806 },
157 	{ "rarp",	0x8035 },
158 	{ "vlan",	0x8100 },
159 	{ "loop",	0x9000 },
160 	{ "trail",	0x1000 },
161 	{ "at",		0x809b },
162 	{ "atalk",	0x809b },
163 	{ "aarp",	0x80f3 },
164 	{ "pppoe_disc",	0x8863 },
165 	{ "pppoe_sess",	0x8864 },
166 	{ "ipx_8022",	0x00E0 },
167 	{ "ipx_8023",	0x0000 },
168 	{ "ipx_ii",	0x8137 },
169 	{ "ipx_snap",	0x8137 },
170 	{ "ipx",	0x8137 },
171 	{ "ns",		0x0600 },
172 	{ NULL,		0 }
173 };
174 
175 static void show_usage(void);
176 
177 enum tokens {
178 	TOK_NULL=0,
179 
180 	TOK_OR,
181 	TOK_NOT,
182 	TOK_STARTBRACE,
183 	TOK_ENDBRACE,
184 
185 	TOK_ACCEPT,
186 	TOK_COUNT,
187 	TOK_PIPE,
188 	TOK_QUEUE,
189 	TOK_DIVERT,
190 	TOK_TEE,
191 	TOK_FORWARD,
192 	TOK_SKIPTO,
193 	TOK_DENY,
194 	TOK_REJECT,
195 	TOK_RESET,
196 	TOK_UNREACH,
197 	TOK_CHECKSTATE,
198 
199 	TOK_UID,
200 	TOK_GID,
201 	TOK_IN,
202 	TOK_LIMIT,
203 	TOK_KEEPSTATE,
204 	TOK_LAYER2,
205 	TOK_OUT,
206 	TOK_XMIT,
207 	TOK_RECV,
208 	TOK_VIA,
209 	TOK_FRAG,
210 	TOK_IPOPTS,
211 	TOK_IPLEN,
212 	TOK_IPID,
213 	TOK_IPPRECEDENCE,
214 	TOK_IPTOS,
215 	TOK_IPTTL,
216 	TOK_IPVER,
217 	TOK_ESTAB,
218 	TOK_SETUP,
219 	TOK_TCPFLAGS,
220 	TOK_TCPOPTS,
221 	TOK_TCPSEQ,
222 	TOK_TCPACK,
223 	TOK_TCPWIN,
224 	TOK_ICMPTYPES,
225 	TOK_MAC,
226 	TOK_MACTYPE,
227 
228 	TOK_PLR,
229 	TOK_NOERROR,
230 	TOK_BUCKETS,
231 	TOK_DSTIP,
232 	TOK_SRCIP,
233 	TOK_DSTPORT,
234 	TOK_SRCPORT,
235 	TOK_ALL,
236 	TOK_MASK,
237 	TOK_BW,
238 	TOK_DELAY,
239 	TOK_RED,
240 	TOK_GRED,
241 	TOK_DROPTAIL,
242 	TOK_PROTO,
243 	TOK_WEIGHT,
244 };
245 
246 struct _s_x dummynet_params[] = {
247 	{ "plr",		TOK_PLR },
248 	{ "noerror",		TOK_NOERROR },
249 	{ "buckets",		TOK_BUCKETS },
250 	{ "dst-ip",		TOK_DSTIP },
251 	{ "src-ip",		TOK_SRCIP },
252 	{ "dst-port",		TOK_DSTPORT },
253 	{ "src-port",		TOK_SRCPORT },
254 	{ "proto",		TOK_PROTO },
255 	{ "weight",		TOK_WEIGHT },
256 	{ "all",		TOK_ALL },
257 	{ "mask",		TOK_MASK },
258 	{ "droptail",		TOK_DROPTAIL },
259 	{ "red",		TOK_RED },
260 	{ "gred",		TOK_GRED },
261 	{ "bw",			TOK_BW },
262 	{ "bandwidth",		TOK_BW },
263 	{ "delay",		TOK_DELAY },
264 	{ "pipe",		TOK_PIPE },
265 	{ "queue",		TOK_QUEUE },
266 	{ "dummynet-params",	TOK_NULL },
267 	{ NULL, 0 }
268 };
269 
270 struct _s_x rule_actions[] = {
271 	{ "accept",		TOK_ACCEPT },
272 	{ "pass",		TOK_ACCEPT },
273 	{ "allow",		TOK_ACCEPT },
274 	{ "permit",		TOK_ACCEPT },
275 	{ "count",		TOK_COUNT },
276 	{ "pipe",		TOK_PIPE },
277 	{ "queue",		TOK_QUEUE },
278 	{ "divert",		TOK_DIVERT },
279 	{ "tee",		TOK_TEE },
280 	{ "fwd",		TOK_FORWARD },
281 	{ "forward",		TOK_FORWARD },
282 	{ "skipto",		TOK_SKIPTO },
283 	{ "deny",		TOK_DENY },
284 	{ "drop",		TOK_DENY },
285 	{ "reject",		TOK_REJECT },
286 	{ "reset",		TOK_RESET },
287 	{ "unreach",		TOK_UNREACH },
288 	{ "check-state",	TOK_CHECKSTATE },
289 	{ NULL,			TOK_NULL },
290 	{ NULL, 0 }
291 };
292 
293 struct _s_x rule_options[] = {
294 	{ "uid",		TOK_UID },
295 	{ "gid",		TOK_GID },
296 	{ "in",			TOK_IN },
297 	{ "limit",		TOK_LIMIT },
298 	{ "keep-state",		TOK_KEEPSTATE },
299 	{ "bridged",		TOK_LAYER2 },
300 	{ "layer2",		TOK_LAYER2 },
301 	{ "out",		TOK_OUT },
302 	{ "xmit",		TOK_XMIT },
303 	{ "recv",		TOK_RECV },
304 	{ "via",		TOK_VIA },
305 	{ "fragment",		TOK_FRAG },
306 	{ "frag",		TOK_FRAG },
307 	{ "ipoptions",		TOK_IPOPTS },
308 	{ "ipopts",		TOK_IPOPTS },
309 	{ "iplen",		TOK_IPLEN },
310 	{ "ipid",		TOK_IPID },
311 	{ "ipprecedence",	TOK_IPPRECEDENCE },
312 	{ "iptos",		TOK_IPTOS },
313 	{ "ipttl",		TOK_IPTTL },
314 	{ "ipversion",		TOK_IPVER },
315 	{ "ipver",		TOK_IPVER },
316 	{ "estab",		TOK_ESTAB },
317 	{ "established",	TOK_ESTAB },
318 	{ "setup",		TOK_SETUP },
319 	{ "tcpflags",		TOK_TCPFLAGS },
320 	{ "tcpflgs",		TOK_TCPFLAGS },
321 	{ "tcpoptions",		TOK_TCPOPTS },
322 	{ "tcpopts",		TOK_TCPOPTS },
323 	{ "tcpseq",		TOK_TCPSEQ },
324 	{ "tcpack",		TOK_TCPACK },
325 	{ "tcpwin",		TOK_TCPWIN },
326 	{ "icmptype",		TOK_ICMPTYPES },
327 	{ "icmptypes",		TOK_ICMPTYPES },
328 	{ "dst-ip",		TOK_DSTIP },
329 	{ "src-ip",		TOK_SRCIP },
330 	{ "dst-port",		TOK_DSTPORT },
331 	{ "src-port",		TOK_SRCPORT },
332 	{ "proto",		TOK_PROTO },
333 	{ "MAC",		TOK_MAC },
334 	{ "mac",		TOK_MAC },
335 	{ "mac-type",		TOK_MACTYPE },
336 
337 	{ "not",		TOK_NOT },		/* pseudo option */
338 	{ "!", /* escape ? */	TOK_NOT },		/* pseudo option */
339 	{ "or",			TOK_OR },		/* pseudo option */
340 	{ "|", /* escape */	TOK_OR },		/* pseudo option */
341 	{ "{",			TOK_STARTBRACE },	/* pseudo option */
342 	{ "(",			TOK_STARTBRACE },	/* pseudo option */
343 	{ "}",			TOK_ENDBRACE },		/* pseudo option */
344 	{ ")",			TOK_ENDBRACE },		/* pseudo option */
345 	{ NULL,			TOK_NULL },
346 	{ NULL, 0 }
347 };
348 
349 /**
350  * match_token takes a table and a string, returns the value associated
351  * with the string (0 meaning an error in most cases)
352  */
353 static int
354 match_token(struct _s_x *table, char *string)
355 {
356 	struct _s_x *pt;
357 	int i = strlen(string);
358 
359 	for (pt = table ; i && pt->s != NULL ; pt++)
360 		if (strlen(pt->s) == i && !bcmp(string, pt->s, i))
361 			return pt->x;
362 	return -1;
363 };
364 
365 static char *
366 match_value(struct _s_x *p, u_int32_t value)
367 {
368 	for (; p->s != NULL; p++)
369 		if (p->x == value)
370 			return p->s;
371 	return NULL;
372 }
373 
374 /*
375  * prints one port, symbolic or numeric
376  */
377 static void
378 print_port(int proto, u_int16_t port)
379 {
380 
381 	if (proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE) {
382 		char *s;
383 
384 		if (do_resolv && (s = match_value(ether_types, port)) )
385 			printf("%s", s);
386 		else
387 			printf("0x%04x", port);
388 	} else {
389 		struct servent *se = NULL;
390 		if (do_resolv) {
391 			struct protoent *pe = getprotobynumber(proto);
392 
393 			se = getservbyport(htons(port), pe ? pe->p_name : NULL);
394 		}
395 		if (se)
396 			printf("%s", se->s_name);
397 		else
398 			printf("%d", port);
399 	}
400 }
401 
402 /*
403  * print the values in a list of ports
404  * XXX todo: add support for mask.
405  */
406 static void
407 print_newports(ipfw_insn_u16 *cmd, int proto, int opcode)
408 {
409 	u_int16_t *p = cmd->ports;
410 	int i;
411 	char *sep= " ";
412 
413 	if (cmd->o.len & F_NOT)
414 		printf(" not");
415 	if (opcode != 0)
416 		printf ("%s", opcode == O_MAC_TYPE ? " mac-type" :
417 		    (opcode == O_IP_DSTPORT ? " dst-port" : " src-port"));
418 	for (i = F_LEN((ipfw_insn *)cmd) - 1; i > 0; i--, p += 2) {
419 		printf(sep);
420 		print_port(proto, p[0]);
421 		if (p[0] != p[1]) {
422 			printf("-");
423 			print_port(proto, p[1]);
424 		}
425 		sep = ",";
426 	}
427 }
428 
429 /*
430  * Like strtol, but also translates service names into port numbers
431  * for some protocols.
432  * In particular:
433  *	proto == -1 disables the protocol check;
434  *	proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE looks up an internal table
435  *	proto == <some value in /etc/protocols> matches the values there.
436  * Returns *end == s in case the parameter is not found.
437  */
438 static int
439 strtoport(char *s, char **end, int base, int proto)
440 {
441 	char *p, *buf;
442 	char *s1;
443 	int i;
444 
445 	*end = s;		/* default - not found */
446 	if ( *s == '\0')
447 		return 0;	/* not found */
448 
449 	if (isdigit(*s))
450 		return strtol(s, end, base);
451 
452 	/*
453 	 * find separator. '\\' escapes the next char.
454 	 */
455 	for (s1 = s; *s1 && (isalnum(*s1) || *s1 == '\\') ; s1++)
456 		if (*s1 == '\\' && s1[1] != '\0')
457 			s1++;
458 
459 	buf = malloc(s1 - s + 1);
460 	if (buf == NULL)
461 		return 0;
462 
463 	/*
464 	 * copy into a buffer skipping backslashes
465 	 */
466 	for (p = s, i = 0; p != s1 ; p++)
467 		if ( *p != '\\')
468 			buf[i++] = *p;
469 	buf[i++] = '\0';
470 
471 	if (proto == IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE) {
472 		i = match_token(ether_types, buf);
473 		free(buf);
474 		if (i != -1) {	/* found */
475 			*end = s1;
476 			return i;
477 		}
478 	} else {
479 		struct protoent *pe = NULL;
480 		struct servent *se;
481 
482 		if (proto != 0)
483 			pe = getprotobynumber(proto);
484 		setservent(1);
485 		se = getservbyname(buf, pe ? pe->p_name : NULL);
486 		free(buf);
487 		if (se != NULL) {
488 			*end = s1;
489 			return ntohs(se->s_port);
490 		}
491 	}
492 	return 0;	/* not found */
493 }
494 
495 /*
496  * fill the body of the command with the list of port ranges.
497  * At the moment it only understands numeric ranges.
498  */
499 static int
500 fill_newports(ipfw_insn_u16 *cmd, char *av, int proto)
501 {
502 	u_int16_t *p = cmd->ports;
503 	int i = 0;
504 	char *s = av;
505 
506 	while (*s) {
507 		u_int16_t a, b;
508 
509 		a = strtoport(av, &s, 0, proto);
510 		if (s == av) /* no parameter */
511 			break;
512 		if (*s == '-') { /* a range */
513 			av = s+1;
514 			b = strtoport(av, &s, 0, proto);
515 			if (s == av) /* no parameter */
516 				break;
517 			p[0] = a;
518 			p[1] = b;
519 		} else if (*s == ',' || *s == '\0' ) {
520 			p[0] = p[1] = a;
521 		} else {	/* invalid separator */
522 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid separator <%c> in <%s>\n",
523 				*s, av);
524 		}
525 		i++;
526 		p += 2;
527 		av = s+1;
528 	}
529 	if (i > 0) {
530 		if (i+1 > F_LEN_MASK)
531 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "too many ports/ranges\n");
532 		cmd->o.len |= i+1; /* leave F_NOT and F_OR untouched */
533 	}
534 	return i;
535 }
536 
537 static struct _s_x icmpcodes[] = {
538       { "net",			ICMP_UNREACH_NET },
539       { "host",			ICMP_UNREACH_HOST },
540       { "protocol",		ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL },
541       { "port",			ICMP_UNREACH_PORT },
542       { "needfrag",		ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG },
543       { "srcfail",		ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL },
544       { "net-unknown",		ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN },
545       { "host-unknown",		ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN },
546       { "isolated",		ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED },
547       { "net-prohib",		ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB },
548       { "host-prohib",		ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB },
549       { "tosnet",		ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET },
550       { "toshost",		ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST },
551       { "filter-prohib",	ICMP_UNREACH_FILTER_PROHIB },
552       { "host-precedence",	ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PRECEDENCE },
553       { "precedence-cutoff",	ICMP_UNREACH_PRECEDENCE_CUTOFF },
554       { NULL, 0 }
555 };
556 
557 static void
558 fill_reject_code(u_short *codep, char *str)
559 {
560 	int val;
561 	char *s;
562 
563 	val = strtoul(str, &s, 0);
564 	if (s == str || *s != '\0' || val >= 0x100)
565 		val = match_token(icmpcodes, str);
566 	if (val < 0)
567 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "unknown ICMP unreachable code ``%s''", str);
568 	*codep = val;
569 	return;
570 }
571 
572 static void
573 print_reject_code(u_int16_t code)
574 {
575 	char *s = match_value(icmpcodes, code);
576 
577 	if (s != NULL)
578 		printf("unreach %s", s);
579 	else
580 		printf("unreach %u", code);
581 }
582 
583 /*
584  * Returns the number of bits set (from left) in a contiguous bitmask,
585  * or -1 if the mask is not contiguous.
586  * XXX this needs a proper fix.
587  * This effectively works on masks in big-endian (network) format.
588  * when compiled on little endian architectures.
589  *
590  * First bit is bit 7 of the first byte -- note, for MAC addresses,
591  * the first bit on the wire is bit 0 of the first byte.
592  * len is the max length in bits.
593  */
594 static int
595 contigmask(u_char *p, int len)
596 {
597 	int i, n;
598 	for (i=0; i<len ; i++)
599 		if ( (p[i/8] & (1 << (7 - (i%8)))) == 0) /* first bit unset */
600 			break;
601 	for (n=i+1; n < len; n++)
602 		if ( (p[n/8] & (1 << (7 - (n%8)))) != 0)
603 			return -1; /* mask not contiguous */
604 	return i;
605 }
606 
607 /*
608  * print flags set/clear in the two bitmasks passed as parameters.
609  * There is a specialized check for f_tcpflags.
610  */
611 static void
612 print_flags(char *name, ipfw_insn *cmd, struct _s_x *list)
613 {
614 	char *comma="";
615 	int i;
616 	u_char set = cmd->arg1 & 0xff;
617 	u_char clear = (cmd->arg1 >> 8) & 0xff;
618 
619 	if (list == f_tcpflags && set == TH_SYN && clear == TH_ACK) {
620 		printf(" setup");
621 		return;
622 	}
623 
624 	printf(" %s ", name);
625 	for (i=0; list[i].x != 0; i++) {
626 		if (set & list[i].x) {
627 			set &= ~list[i].x;
628 			printf("%s%s", comma, list[i].s);
629 			comma = ",";
630 		}
631 		if (clear & list[i].x) {
632 			clear &= ~list[i].x;
633 			printf("%s!%s", comma, list[i].s);
634 			comma = ",";
635 		}
636 	}
637 }
638 
639 /*
640  * Print the ip address contained in a command.
641  */
642 static void
643 print_ip(ipfw_insn_ip *cmd, char *s)
644 {
645 	struct hostent *he = NULL;
646 	int mb;
647 
648 	printf("%s%s ", cmd->o.len & F_NOT ? " not": "", s);
649 
650 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC_ME || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST_ME) {
651 		printf("me");
652 		return;
653 	}
654 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC_SET || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST_SET) {
655 		u_int32_t x, *d;
656 		int i;
657 		char comma = '{';
658 
659 		x = cmd->o.arg1 - 1;
660 		x = htonl( ~x );
661 		cmd->addr.s_addr = htonl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
662 		printf("%s/%d", inet_ntoa(cmd->addr),
663 			contigmask((u_char *)&x, 32));
664 		x = cmd->addr.s_addr = htonl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
665 		x &= 0xff; /* base */
666 		d = (u_int32_t *)&(cmd->mask);
667 		for (i=0; i < cmd->o.arg1; i++)
668 			if (d[ i/32] & (1<<(i & 31))) {
669 				printf("%c%d", comma, i+x);
670 				comma = ',';
671 			}
672 		printf("}");
673 		return;
674 	}
675 	if (cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_SRC || cmd->o.opcode == O_IP_DST)
676 		mb = 32;
677 	else
678 		mb = contigmask((u_char *)&(cmd->mask.s_addr), 32);
679 	if (mb == 32 && do_resolv)
680 		he = gethostbyaddr((char *)&(cmd->addr.s_addr),
681 		    sizeof(u_long), AF_INET);
682 	if (he != NULL)		/* resolved to name */
683 		printf("%s", he->h_name);
684 	else if (mb == 0)	/* any */
685 		printf("any");
686 	else {		/* numeric IP followed by some kind of mask */
687 		printf("%s", inet_ntoa(cmd->addr));
688 		if (mb < 0)
689 			printf(":%s", inet_ntoa(cmd->mask));
690 		else if (mb < 32)
691 			printf("/%d", mb);
692 	}
693 }
694 
695 /*
696  * prints a MAC address/mask pair
697  */
698 static void
699 print_mac(u_char *addr, u_char *mask)
700 {
701 	int l = contigmask(mask, 48);
702 
703 	if (l == 0)
704 		printf(" any");
705 	else {
706 		printf(" %02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
707 		    addr[0], addr[1], addr[2], addr[3], addr[4], addr[5]);
708 		if (l == -1)
709 			printf("&%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
710 			    mask[0], mask[1], mask[2],
711 			    mask[3], mask[4], mask[5]);
712 		else if (l < 48)
713 			printf("/%d", l);
714 	}
715 }
716 
717 static void
718 fill_icmptypes(ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd, char *av)
719 {
720 	u_int8_t type;
721 
722 	cmd->d[0] = 0;
723 	while (*av) {
724 		if (*av == ',')
725 			av++;
726 
727 		type = strtoul(av, &av, 0);
728 
729 		if (*av != ',' && *av != '\0')
730 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid ICMP type");
731 
732 		if (type > 31)
733 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "ICMP type out of range");
734 
735 		cmd->d[0] |= 1 << type;
736 	}
737 	cmd->o.opcode = O_ICMPTYPE;
738 	cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
739 }
740 
741 static void
742 print_icmptypes(ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd)
743 {
744 	int i;
745 	char sep= ' ';
746 
747 	printf(" icmptypes");
748 	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
749 		if ( (cmd->d[0] & (1 << (i))) == 0)
750 			continue;
751 		printf("%c%d", sep, i);
752 		sep = ',';
753 	}
754 }
755 
756 /*
757  * show_ipfw() prints the body of an ipfw rule.
758  * Because the standard rule has at least proto src_ip dst_ip, we use
759  * a helper function to produce these entries if not provided explicitly.
760  * The first argument is the list of fields we have, the second is
761  * the list of fields we want to be printed.
762  *
763  * Special cases if we have provided a MAC header:
764  *   + if the rule does not contain IP addresses/ports, do not print them;
765  *   + if the rule does not contain an IP proto, print "all" instead of "ip";
766  *
767  * Once we have 'have_options', IP header fields are printed as options.
768  */
769 #define	HAVE_PROTO	0x0001
770 #define	HAVE_SRCIP	0x0002
771 #define	HAVE_DSTIP	0x0004
772 #define	HAVE_MAC	0x0008
773 #define	HAVE_MACTYPE	0x0010
774 #define	HAVE_OPTIONS	0x8000
775 
776 #define	HAVE_IP		(HAVE_PROTO | HAVE_SRCIP | HAVE_DSTIP)
777 static void
778 show_prerequisites(int *flags, int want, int cmd)
779 {
780 	if ( (*flags & HAVE_IP) == HAVE_IP)
781 		*flags |= HAVE_OPTIONS;
782 
783 	if ( (*flags & (HAVE_MAC|HAVE_MACTYPE|HAVE_OPTIONS)) == HAVE_MAC &&
784 	     cmd != O_MAC_TYPE) {
785 		/*
786 		 * mac-type was optimized out by the compiler,
787 		 * restore it
788 		 */
789 		printf(" any");
790 		*flags |= HAVE_MACTYPE | HAVE_OPTIONS;
791 		return;
792 	}
793 	if ( !(*flags & HAVE_OPTIONS)) {
794 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_PROTO) && (want & HAVE_PROTO))
795 			printf(" ip");
796 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_SRCIP) && (want & HAVE_SRCIP))
797 			printf(" from any");
798 		if ( !(*flags & HAVE_DSTIP) && (want & HAVE_DSTIP))
799 			printf(" to any");
800 	}
801 	*flags |= want;
802 }
803 
804 static void
805 show_ipfw(struct ip_fw *rule)
806 {
807 	static int twidth = 0;
808 	int l;
809 	ipfw_insn *cmd;
810 	int proto = 0;		/* default */
811 	int flags = 0;	/* prerequisites */
812 	ipfw_insn_log *logptr = NULL; /* set if we find an O_LOG */
813 	int or_block = 0;	/* we are in an or block */
814 
815 	u_int32_t set_disable = rule->set_disable;
816 
817 	if (set_disable & (1 << rule->set)) { /* disabled */
818 		if (!show_sets)
819 			return;
820 		else
821 			printf("# DISABLED ");
822 	}
823 	printf("%05u ", rule->rulenum);
824 
825 	if (do_acct)
826 		printf("%10qu %10qu ", rule->pcnt, rule->bcnt);
827 
828 	if (do_time) {
829 		char timestr[30];
830 		time_t t = (time_t)0;
831 
832 		if (twidth == 0) {
833 			strcpy(timestr, ctime(&t));
834 			*strchr(timestr, '\n') = '\0';
835 			twidth = strlen(timestr);
836 		}
837 		if (rule->timestamp) {
838 			t = _long_to_time(rule->timestamp);
839 
840 			strcpy(timestr, ctime(&t));
841 			*strchr(timestr, '\n') = '\0';
842 			printf("%s ", timestr);
843 		} else {
844 			printf("%*s", twidth, " ");
845 		}
846 	}
847 
848 	if (show_sets)
849 		printf("set %d ", rule->set);
850 
851 	/*
852 	 * print the optional "match probability"
853 	 */
854 	if (rule->cmd_len > 0) {
855 		cmd = rule->cmd ;
856 		if (cmd->opcode == O_PROB) {
857 			ipfw_insn_u32 *p = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
858 			double d = 1.0 * p->d[0];
859 
860 			d = (d / 0x7fffffff);
861 			printf("prob %f ", d);
862 		}
863 	}
864 
865 	/*
866 	 * first print actions
867 	 */
868         for (l = rule->cmd_len - rule->act_ofs, cmd = ACTION_PTR(rule);
869 			l > 0 ; l -= F_LEN(cmd), cmd += F_LEN(cmd)) {
870 		switch(cmd->opcode) {
871 		case O_CHECK_STATE:
872 			printf("check-state");
873 			flags = HAVE_IP; /* avoid printing anything else */
874 			break;
875 
876 		case O_ACCEPT:
877 			printf("allow");
878 			break;
879 
880 		case O_COUNT:
881 			printf("count");
882 			break;
883 
884 		case O_DENY:
885 			printf("deny");
886 			break;
887 
888 		case O_REJECT:
889 			if (cmd->arg1 == ICMP_REJECT_RST)
890 				printf("reset");
891 			else if (cmd->arg1 == ICMP_UNREACH_HOST)
892 				printf("reject");
893 			else
894 				print_reject_code(cmd->arg1);
895 			break;
896 
897 		case O_SKIPTO:
898 			printf("skipto %u", cmd->arg1);
899 			break;
900 
901 		case O_PIPE:
902 			printf("pipe %u", cmd->arg1);
903 			break;
904 
905 		case O_QUEUE:
906 			printf("queue %u", cmd->arg1);
907 			break;
908 
909 		case O_DIVERT:
910 			printf("divert %u", cmd->arg1);
911 			break;
912 
913 		case O_TEE:
914 			printf("tee %u", cmd->arg1);
915 			break;
916 
917 		case O_FORWARD_IP:
918 		    {
919 			ipfw_insn_sa *s = (ipfw_insn_sa *)cmd;
920 
921 			printf("fwd %s", inet_ntoa(s->sa.sin_addr));
922 			if (s->sa.sin_port)
923 				printf(",%d", s->sa.sin_port);
924 		    }
925 			break;
926 
927 		case O_LOG: /* O_LOG is printed last */
928 			logptr = (ipfw_insn_log *)cmd;
929 			break;
930 
931 		default:
932 			printf("** unrecognized action %d len %d",
933 				cmd->opcode, cmd->len);
934 		}
935 	}
936 	if (logptr) {
937 		if (logptr->max_log > 0)
938 			printf(" log logamount %d", logptr->max_log);
939 		else
940 			printf(" log");
941 	}
942 
943 	/*
944 	 * then print the body.
945 	 */
946 	if (rule->_pad & 1) {	/* empty rules before options */
947 		if (!do_compact)
948 			printf(" ip from any to any");
949 		flags |= HAVE_IP | HAVE_OPTIONS;
950 	}
951 
952         for (l = rule->act_ofs, cmd = rule->cmd ;
953 			l > 0 ; l -= F_LEN(cmd) , cmd += F_LEN(cmd)) {
954 		/* useful alias */
955 		ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd32 = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
956 
957 		show_prerequisites(&flags, 0, cmd->opcode);
958 
959 		switch(cmd->opcode) {
960 		case O_PROB:
961 			break;	/* done already */
962 
963 		case O_PROBE_STATE:
964 			break; /* no need to print anything here */
965 
966 		case O_MACADDR2: {
967 			ipfw_insn_mac *m = (ipfw_insn_mac *)cmd;
968 
969 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
970 				printf(" {");
971 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
972 				printf(" not");
973 			printf(" MAC");
974 			flags |= HAVE_MAC;
975 			print_mac( m->addr, m->mask);
976 			print_mac( m->addr + 6, m->mask + 6);
977 			}
978 			break;
979 
980 		case O_MAC_TYPE:
981 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
982 				printf(" {");
983 			print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE,
984 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? cmd->opcode : 0);
985 			flags |= HAVE_MAC | HAVE_MACTYPE | HAVE_OPTIONS;
986 			break;
987 
988 		case O_IP_SRC:
989 		case O_IP_SRC_MASK:
990 		case O_IP_SRC_ME:
991 		case O_IP_SRC_SET:
992 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO, 0);
993 			if (!(flags & HAVE_SRCIP))
994 				printf(" from");
995 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
996 				printf(" {");
997 			print_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd,
998 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? " src-ip" : "");
999 			flags |= HAVE_SRCIP;
1000 			break;
1001 
1002 		case O_IP_DST:
1003 		case O_IP_DST_MASK:
1004 		case O_IP_DST_ME:
1005 		case O_IP_DST_SET:
1006 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO|HAVE_SRCIP, 0);
1007 			if (!(flags & HAVE_DSTIP))
1008 				printf(" to");
1009 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1010 				printf(" {");
1011 			print_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd,
1012 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? " dst-ip" : "");
1013 			flags |= HAVE_DSTIP;
1014 			break;
1015 
1016 		case O_IP_DSTPORT:
1017 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP, 0);
1018 		case O_IP_SRCPORT:
1019 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_PROTO|HAVE_SRCIP, 0);
1020 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1021 				printf(" {");
1022 			print_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, proto,
1023 				(flags & HAVE_OPTIONS) ? cmd->opcode : 0);
1024 			break;
1025 
1026 		case O_PROTO: {
1027 			struct protoent *pe;
1028 
1029 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1030 				printf(" {");
1031 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
1032 				printf(" not");
1033 			proto = cmd->arg1;
1034 			pe = getprotobynumber(cmd->arg1);
1035 			if (flags & HAVE_OPTIONS)
1036 				printf(" proto");
1037 			if (pe)
1038 				printf(" %s", pe->p_name);
1039 			else
1040 				printf(" %u", cmd->arg1);
1041 			}
1042 			flags |= HAVE_PROTO;
1043 			break;
1044 
1045 		default: /*options ... */
1046 			show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP | HAVE_OPTIONS, 0);
1047 			if ((cmd->len & F_OR) && !or_block)
1048 				printf(" {");
1049 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT && cmd->opcode != O_IN)
1050 				printf(" not");
1051 			switch(cmd->opcode) {
1052 			case O_FRAG:
1053 				printf(" frag");
1054 				break;
1055 
1056 			case O_IN:
1057 				printf(cmd->len & F_NOT ? " out" : " in");
1058 				break;
1059 
1060 			case O_LAYER2:
1061 				printf(" layer2");
1062 				break;
1063 			case O_XMIT:
1064 			case O_RECV:
1065 			case O_VIA: {
1066 				char *s;
1067 				ipfw_insn_if *cmdif = (ipfw_insn_if *)cmd;
1068 
1069 				if (cmd->opcode == O_XMIT)
1070 					s = "xmit";
1071 				else if (cmd->opcode == O_RECV)
1072 					s = "recv";
1073 				else if (cmd->opcode == O_VIA)
1074 					s = "via";
1075 				if (cmdif->name[0] == '\0')
1076 					printf(" %s %s", s,
1077 					    inet_ntoa(cmdif->p.ip));
1078 				else if (cmdif->p.unit == -1)
1079 					printf(" %s %s*", s, cmdif->name);
1080 				else
1081 					printf(" %s %s%d", s, cmdif->name,
1082 					    cmdif->p.unit);
1083 				}
1084 				break;
1085 
1086 			case O_IPID:
1087 				printf(" ipid %u", cmd->arg1 );
1088 				break;
1089 
1090 			case O_IPTTL:
1091 				printf(" ipttl %u", cmd->arg1 );
1092 				break;
1093 
1094 			case O_IPVER:
1095 				printf(" ipver %u", cmd->arg1 );
1096 				break;
1097 
1098 			case O_IPPRECEDENCE:
1099 				printf(" ipprecedence %u", (cmd->arg1) >> 5 );
1100 				break;
1101 
1102 			case O_IPLEN:
1103 				printf(" iplen %u", cmd->arg1 );
1104 				break;
1105 
1106 			case O_IPOPT:
1107 				print_flags("ipoptions", cmd, f_ipopts);
1108 				break;
1109 
1110 			case O_IPTOS:
1111 				print_flags("iptos", cmd, f_iptos);
1112 				break;
1113 
1114 			case O_ICMPTYPE:
1115 				print_icmptypes((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd);
1116 				break;
1117 
1118 			case O_ESTAB:
1119 				printf(" established");
1120 				break;
1121 
1122 			case O_TCPFLAGS:
1123 				print_flags("tcpflags", cmd, f_tcpflags);
1124 				break;
1125 
1126 			case O_TCPOPTS:
1127 				print_flags("tcpoptions", cmd, f_tcpopts);
1128 				break;
1129 
1130 			case O_TCPWIN:
1131 				printf(" tcpwin %d", ntohs(cmd->arg1));
1132 				break;
1133 
1134 			case O_TCPACK:
1135 				printf(" tcpack %d", ntohl(cmd32->d[0]));
1136 				break;
1137 
1138 			case O_TCPSEQ:
1139 				printf(" tcpseq %d", ntohl(cmd32->d[0]));
1140 				break;
1141 
1142 			case O_UID:
1143 			    {
1144 				struct passwd *pwd = getpwuid(cmd32->d[0]);
1145 
1146 				if (pwd)
1147 					printf(" uid %s", pwd->pw_name);
1148 				else
1149 					printf(" uid %u", cmd32->d[0]);
1150 			    }
1151 				break;
1152 
1153 			case O_GID:
1154 			    {
1155 				struct group *grp = getgrgid(cmd32->d[0]);
1156 
1157 				if (grp)
1158 					printf(" gid %s", grp->gr_name);
1159 				else
1160 					printf(" gid %u", cmd32->d[0]);
1161 			    }
1162 				break;
1163 
1164 			case O_KEEP_STATE:
1165 				printf(" keep-state");
1166 				break;
1167 
1168 			case O_LIMIT:
1169 			    {
1170 				struct _s_x *p = limit_masks;
1171 				ipfw_insn_limit *c = (ipfw_insn_limit *)cmd;
1172 				u_int8_t x = c->limit_mask;
1173 				char *comma = " ";
1174 
1175 				printf(" limit");
1176 				for ( ; p->x != 0 ; p++)
1177 					if ((x & p->x) == p->x) {
1178 						x &= ~p->x;
1179 						printf("%s%s", comma, p->s);
1180 						comma = ",";
1181 					}
1182 				printf(" %d", c->conn_limit);
1183 			    }
1184 				break;
1185 
1186 			default:
1187 				printf(" [opcode %d len %d]",
1188 				    cmd->opcode, cmd->len);
1189 			}
1190 		}
1191 		if (cmd->len & F_OR) {
1192 			printf(" or");
1193 			or_block = 1;
1194 		} else if (or_block) {
1195 			printf(" }");
1196 			or_block = 0;
1197 		}
1198 	}
1199 	show_prerequisites(&flags, HAVE_IP, 0);
1200 
1201 	printf("\n");
1202 }
1203 
1204 static void
1205 show_dyn_ipfw(ipfw_dyn_rule *d)
1206 {
1207 	struct protoent *pe;
1208 	struct in_addr a;
1209 
1210 	if (!do_expired) {
1211 		if (!d->expire && !(d->dyn_type == O_LIMIT_PARENT))
1212 			return;
1213 	}
1214 
1215 	printf("%05d %10qu %10qu (%ds)",
1216 	    d->rulenum, d->pcnt, d->bcnt, d->expire);
1217 	switch (d->dyn_type) {
1218 	case O_LIMIT_PARENT:
1219 		printf(" PARENT %d", d->count);
1220 		break;
1221 	case O_LIMIT:
1222 		printf(" LIMIT");
1223 		break;
1224 	case O_KEEP_STATE: /* bidir, no mask */
1225 		printf(" STATE");
1226 		break;
1227 	}
1228 
1229 	if ((pe = getprotobynumber(d->id.proto)) != NULL)
1230 		printf(" %s", pe->p_name);
1231 	else
1232 		printf(" proto %u", d->id.proto);
1233 
1234 	a.s_addr = htonl(d->id.src_ip);
1235 	printf(" %s %d", inet_ntoa(a), d->id.src_port);
1236 
1237 	a.s_addr = htonl(d->id.dst_ip);
1238 	printf(" <-> %s %d", inet_ntoa(a), d->id.dst_port);
1239 	printf("\n");
1240 }
1241 
1242 int
1243 sort_q(const void *pa, const void *pb)
1244 {
1245 	int rev = (do_sort < 0);
1246 	int field = rev ? -do_sort : do_sort;
1247 	long long res = 0;
1248 	const struct dn_flow_queue *a = pa;
1249 	const struct dn_flow_queue *b = pb;
1250 
1251 	switch (field) {
1252 	case 1: /* pkts */
1253 		res = a->len - b->len;
1254 		break;
1255 	case 2: /* bytes */
1256 		res = a->len_bytes - b->len_bytes;
1257 		break;
1258 
1259 	case 3: /* tot pkts */
1260 		res = a->tot_pkts - b->tot_pkts;
1261 		break;
1262 
1263 	case 4: /* tot bytes */
1264 		res = a->tot_bytes - b->tot_bytes;
1265 		break;
1266 	}
1267 	if (res < 0)
1268 		res = -1;
1269 	if (res > 0)
1270 		res = 1;
1271 	return (int)(rev ? res : -res);
1272 }
1273 
1274 static void
1275 list_queues(struct dn_flow_set *fs, struct dn_flow_queue *q)
1276 {
1277 	int l;
1278 
1279 	printf("    mask: 0x%02x 0x%08x/0x%04x -> 0x%08x/0x%04x\n",
1280 	    fs->flow_mask.proto,
1281 	    fs->flow_mask.src_ip, fs->flow_mask.src_port,
1282 	    fs->flow_mask.dst_ip, fs->flow_mask.dst_port);
1283 	if (fs->rq_elements == 0)
1284 		return;
1285 
1286 	printf("BKT Prot ___Source IP/port____ "
1287 	    "____Dest. IP/port____ Tot_pkt/bytes Pkt/Byte Drp\n");
1288 	if (do_sort != 0)
1289 		heapsort(q, fs->rq_elements, sizeof *q, sort_q);
1290 	for (l = 0; l < fs->rq_elements; l++) {
1291 		struct in_addr ina;
1292 		struct protoent *pe;
1293 
1294 		ina.s_addr = htonl(q[l].id.src_ip);
1295 		printf("%3d ", q[l].hash_slot);
1296 		pe = getprotobynumber(q[l].id.proto);
1297 		if (pe)
1298 			printf("%-4s ", pe->p_name);
1299 		else
1300 			printf("%4u ", q[l].id.proto);
1301 		printf("%15s/%-5d ",
1302 		    inet_ntoa(ina), q[l].id.src_port);
1303 		ina.s_addr = htonl(q[l].id.dst_ip);
1304 		printf("%15s/%-5d ",
1305 		    inet_ntoa(ina), q[l].id.dst_port);
1306 		printf("%4qu %8qu %2u %4u %3u\n",
1307 		    q[l].tot_pkts, q[l].tot_bytes,
1308 		    q[l].len, q[l].len_bytes, q[l].drops);
1309 		if (verbose)
1310 			printf("   S %20qd  F %20qd\n",
1311 			    q[l].S, q[l].F);
1312 	}
1313 }
1314 
1315 static void
1316 print_flowset_parms(struct dn_flow_set *fs, char *prefix)
1317 {
1318 	int l;
1319 	char qs[30];
1320 	char plr[30];
1321 	char red[90];	/* Display RED parameters */
1322 
1323 	l = fs->qsize;
1324 	if (fs->flags_fs & DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES) {
1325 		if (l >= 8192)
1326 			sprintf(qs, "%d KB", l / 1024);
1327 		else
1328 			sprintf(qs, "%d B", l);
1329 	} else
1330 		sprintf(qs, "%3d sl.", l);
1331 	if (fs->plr)
1332 		sprintf(plr, "plr %f", 1.0 * fs->plr / (double)(0x7fffffff));
1333 	else
1334 		plr[0] = '\0';
1335 	if (fs->flags_fs & DN_IS_RED)	/* RED parameters */
1336 		sprintf(red,
1337 		    "\n\t  %cRED w_q %f min_th %d max_th %d max_p %f",
1338 		    (fs->flags_fs & DN_IS_GENTLE_RED) ? 'G' : ' ',
1339 		    1.0 * fs->w_q / (double)(1 << SCALE_RED),
1340 		    SCALE_VAL(fs->min_th),
1341 		    SCALE_VAL(fs->max_th),
1342 		    1.0 * fs->max_p / (double)(1 << SCALE_RED));
1343 	else
1344 		sprintf(red, "droptail");
1345 
1346 	printf("%s %s%s %d queues (%d buckets) %s\n",
1347 	    prefix, qs, plr, fs->rq_elements, fs->rq_size, red);
1348 }
1349 
1350 static void
1351 list_pipes(void *data, int nbytes, int ac, char *av[])
1352 {
1353 	u_long rulenum;
1354 	void *next = data;
1355 	struct dn_pipe *p = (struct dn_pipe *) data;
1356 	struct dn_flow_set *fs;
1357 	struct dn_flow_queue *q;
1358 	int l;
1359 
1360 	if (ac > 0)
1361 		rulenum = strtoul(*av++, NULL, 10);
1362 	else
1363 		rulenum = 0;
1364 	for (; nbytes >= sizeof *p; p = (struct dn_pipe *)next) {
1365 		double b = p->bandwidth;
1366 		char buf[30];
1367 		char prefix[80];
1368 
1369 		if (p->next != (struct dn_pipe *)DN_IS_PIPE)
1370 			break;	/* done with pipes, now queues */
1371 
1372 		/*
1373 		 * compute length, as pipe have variable size
1374 		 */
1375 		l = sizeof(*p) + p->fs.rq_elements * sizeof(*q);
1376 		next = (void *)p + l;
1377 		nbytes -= l;
1378 
1379 		if (rulenum != 0 && rulenum != p->pipe_nr)
1380 			continue;
1381 
1382 		/*
1383 		 * Print rate (or clocking interface)
1384 		 */
1385 		if (p->if_name[0] != '\0')
1386 			sprintf(buf, "%s", p->if_name);
1387 		else if (b == 0)
1388 			sprintf(buf, "unlimited");
1389 		else if (b >= 1000000)
1390 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f Mbit/s", b/1000000);
1391 		else if (b >= 1000)
1392 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f Kbit/s", b/1000);
1393 		else
1394 			sprintf(buf, "%7.3f bit/s ", b);
1395 
1396 		sprintf(prefix, "%05d: %s %4d ms ",
1397 		    p->pipe_nr, buf, p->delay);
1398 		print_flowset_parms(&(p->fs), prefix);
1399 		if (verbose)
1400 			printf("   V %20qd\n", p->V >> MY_M);
1401 
1402 		q = (struct dn_flow_queue *)(p+1);
1403 		list_queues(&(p->fs), q);
1404 	}
1405 	for (fs = next; nbytes >= sizeof *fs; fs = next) {
1406 		char prefix[80];
1407 
1408 		if (fs->next != (struct dn_flow_set *)DN_IS_QUEUE)
1409 			break;
1410 		l = sizeof(*fs) + fs->rq_elements * sizeof(*q);
1411 		next = (void *)fs + l;
1412 		nbytes -= l;
1413 		q = (struct dn_flow_queue *)(fs+1);
1414 		sprintf(prefix, "q%05d: weight %d pipe %d ",
1415 		    fs->fs_nr, fs->weight, fs->parent_nr);
1416 		print_flowset_parms(fs, prefix);
1417 		list_queues(fs, q);
1418 	}
1419 }
1420 
1421 /*
1422  * This one handles all set-related commands
1423  * 	ipfw set { show | enable | disable }
1424  * 	ipfw set swap X Y
1425  * 	ipfw set move X to Y
1426  * 	ipfw set move rule X to Y
1427  */
1428 static void
1429 sets_handler(int ac, char *av[])
1430 {
1431 	u_int32_t set_disable, masks[2];
1432 	int i, nbytes;
1433 	u_int16_t rulenum;
1434 	u_int8_t cmd, new_set;
1435 
1436 	ac--;
1437 	av++;
1438 
1439 	if (!ac)
1440 		errx(EX_USAGE, "set needs command");
1441 	if (!strncmp(*av, "show", strlen(*av)) ) {
1442 		void *data;
1443 		char *msg;
1444 
1445 		nbytes = sizeof(struct ip_fw);
1446 		if ((data = malloc(nbytes)) == NULL)
1447 			err(EX_OSERR, "malloc");
1448 		if (getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_GET, data, &nbytes) < 0)
1449 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_FW_GET)");
1450 		set_disable = ((struct ip_fw *)data)->set_disable;
1451 
1452 		for (i = 0, msg = "disable" ; i < 31; i++)
1453 			if (  (set_disable & (1<<i))) {
1454 				printf("%s %d", msg, i);
1455 				msg = "";
1456 			}
1457 		msg = (set_disable) ? " enable" : "enable";
1458 		for (i = 0; i < 31; i++)
1459 			if ( !(set_disable & (1<<i))) {
1460 				printf("%s %d", msg, i);
1461 				msg = "";
1462 			}
1463 		printf("\n");
1464 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "swap", strlen(*av))) {
1465 		ac--; av++;
1466 		if (ac != 2)
1467 			errx(EX_USAGE, "set swap needs 2 set numbers\n");
1468 		rulenum = atoi(av[0]);
1469 		new_set = atoi(av[1]);
1470 		if (!isdigit(*(av[0])) || rulenum > 30)
1471 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid set number %s\n", av[0]);
1472 		if (!isdigit(*(av[1])) || new_set > 30)
1473 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid set number %s\n", av[1]);
1474 		masks[0] = (4 << 24) | (new_set << 16) | (rulenum);
1475 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL,
1476 			masks, sizeof(u_int32_t));
1477 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "move", strlen(*av))) {
1478 		ac--; av++;
1479 		if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "rule", strlen(*av))) {
1480 			cmd = 2;
1481 			ac--; av++;
1482 		} else
1483 			cmd = 3;
1484 		if (ac != 3 || strncmp(av[1], "to", strlen(*av)))
1485 			errx(EX_USAGE, "syntax: set move [rule] X to Y\n");
1486 		rulenum = atoi(av[0]);
1487 		new_set = atoi(av[2]);
1488 		if (!isdigit(*(av[0])) || (cmd == 3 && rulenum > 30) ||
1489 			(cmd == 2 && rulenum == 65535) )
1490 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid source number %s\n", av[0]);
1491 		if (!isdigit(*(av[2])) || new_set > 30)
1492 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid dest. set %s\n", av[1]);
1493 		masks[0] = (cmd << 24) | (new_set << 16) | (rulenum);
1494 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL,
1495 			masks, sizeof(u_int32_t));
1496 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "disable", strlen(*av)) ||
1497 		   !strncmp(*av, "enable",  strlen(*av)) ) {
1498 		int which = !strncmp(*av, "enable",  strlen(*av)) ? 1 : 0;
1499 
1500 		ac--; av++;
1501 		masks[0] = masks[1] = 0;
1502 
1503 		while (ac) {
1504 			if (isdigit(**av)) {
1505 				i = atoi(*av);
1506 				if (i < 0 || i > 30)
1507 					errx(EX_DATAERR,
1508 					    "invalid set number %d\n", i);
1509 				masks[which] |= (1<<i);
1510 			} else if (!strncmp(*av, "disable", strlen(*av)))
1511 				which = 0;
1512 			else if (!strncmp(*av, "enable", strlen(*av)))
1513 				which = 1;
1514 			else
1515 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
1516 					"invalid set command %s\n", *av);
1517 			av++; ac--;
1518 		}
1519 		if ( (masks[0] & masks[1]) != 0 )
1520 			errx(EX_DATAERR,
1521 			    "cannot enable and disable the same set\n");
1522 
1523 		i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL, masks, sizeof(masks));
1524 		if (i)
1525 			warn("set enable/disable: setsockopt(IP_FW_DEL)");
1526 	} else
1527 		errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid set command %s\n", *av);
1528 }
1529 
1530 static void
1531 sysctl_handler(int ac, char *av[], int which)
1532 {
1533 	ac--;
1534 	av++;
1535 
1536 	if (*av == NULL) {
1537 		warnx("missing keyword to enable/disable\n");
1538 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "firewall", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1539 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.enable", NULL, 0, &which, sizeof(which));
1540 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "one_pass", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1541 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.one_pass", NULL, 0, &which, sizeof(which));
1542 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "debug", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1543 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.debug", NULL, 0, &which, sizeof(which));
1544 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "verbose", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1545 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.verbose", NULL, 0, &which, sizeof(which));
1546 	} else if (strncmp(*av, "dyn_keepalive", strlen(*av)) == 0) {
1547 		sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.fw.dyn_keepalive", NULL, 0, &which, sizeof(which));
1548 	} else {
1549 		warnx("unrecognize enable/disable keyword: %s\n", *av);
1550 	}
1551 }
1552 
1553 static void
1554 list(int ac, char *av[])
1555 {
1556 	struct ip_fw *r;
1557 	ipfw_dyn_rule *dynrules, *d;
1558 
1559 	void *lim, *data = NULL;
1560 	int n, nbytes, nstat, ndyn;
1561 	int exitval = EX_OK;
1562 	int lac;
1563 	char **lav;
1564 	u_long rnum;
1565 	char *endptr;
1566 	int seen = 0;
1567 
1568 	const int ocmd = do_pipe ? IP_DUMMYNET_GET : IP_FW_GET;
1569 	int nalloc = 1024;	/* start somewhere... */
1570 
1571 	ac--;
1572 	av++;
1573 
1574 	/* get rules or pipes from kernel, resizing array as necessary */
1575 	nbytes = nalloc;
1576 
1577 	while (nbytes >= nalloc) {
1578 		nalloc = nalloc * 2 + 200;
1579 		nbytes = nalloc;
1580 		if ((data = realloc(data, nbytes)) == NULL)
1581 			err(EX_OSERR, "realloc");
1582 		if (getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, ocmd, data, &nbytes) < 0)
1583 			err(EX_OSERR, "getsockopt(IP_%s_GET)",
1584 				do_pipe ? "DUMMYNET" : "FW");
1585 	}
1586 
1587 	if (do_pipe) {
1588 		list_pipes(data, nbytes, ac, av);
1589 		goto done;
1590 	}
1591 
1592 	/*
1593 	 * Count static rules. They have variable size so we
1594 	 * need to scan the list to count them.
1595 	 */
1596 	for (nstat = 1, r = data, lim = data + nbytes;
1597 		    r->rulenum < 65535 && (void *)r < lim;
1598 		    ++nstat, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r) )
1599 		; /* nothing */
1600 
1601 	/*
1602 	 * Count dynamic rules. This is easier as they have
1603 	 * fixed size.
1604 	 */
1605 	r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r);
1606 	dynrules = (ipfw_dyn_rule *)r ;
1607 	n = (void *)r - data;
1608 	ndyn = (nbytes - n) / sizeof *dynrules;
1609 
1610 	/* if no rule numbers were specified, list all rules */
1611 	if (ac == 0) {
1612 		for (n = 0, r = data; n < nstat;
1613 		    n++, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r) )
1614 			show_ipfw(r);
1615 
1616 		if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
1617 			printf("## Dynamic rules (%d):\n", ndyn);
1618 			for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++)
1619 				show_dyn_ipfw(d);
1620 		}
1621 		goto done;
1622 	}
1623 
1624 	/* display specific rules requested on command line */
1625 
1626 	for (lac = ac, lav = av; lac != 0; lac--) {
1627 		/* convert command line rule # */
1628 		rnum = strtoul(*lav++, &endptr, 10);
1629 		if (*endptr) {
1630 			exitval = EX_USAGE;
1631 			warnx("invalid rule number: %s", *(lav - 1));
1632 			continue;
1633 		}
1634 		for (n = seen = 0, r = data; n < nstat;
1635 		    n++, r = (void *)r + RULESIZE(r) ) {
1636 			if (r->rulenum > rnum)
1637 				break;
1638 			if (r->rulenum == rnum) {
1639 				show_ipfw(r);
1640 				seen = 1;
1641 			}
1642 		}
1643 		if (!seen) {
1644 			/* give precedence to other error(s) */
1645 			if (exitval == EX_OK)
1646 				exitval = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
1647 			warnx("rule %lu does not exist", rnum);
1648 		}
1649 	}
1650 
1651 	if (do_dynamic && ndyn) {
1652 		printf("## Dynamic rules:\n");
1653 		for (lac = ac, lav = av; lac != 0; lac--) {
1654 			rnum = strtoul(*lav++, &endptr, 10);
1655 			if (*endptr)
1656 				/* already warned */
1657 				continue;
1658 			for (n = 0, d = dynrules; n < ndyn; n++, d++) {
1659 				if (d->rulenum > rnum)
1660 					break;
1661 				if (d->rulenum == rnum)
1662 					show_dyn_ipfw(d);
1663 			}
1664 		}
1665 	}
1666 
1667 	ac = 0;
1668 
1669 done:
1670 	free(data);
1671 
1672 	if (exitval != EX_OK)
1673 		exit(exitval);
1674 }
1675 
1676 static void
1677 show_usage(void)
1678 {
1679 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: ipfw [options]\n"
1680 "    add [number] rule\n"
1681 "    pipe number config [pipeconfig]\n"
1682 "    queue number config [queueconfig]\n"
1683 "    [pipe] flush\n"
1684 "    [pipe] delete number ...\n"
1685 "    [pipe] {list|show} [number ...]\n"
1686 "    {zero|resetlog} [number ...]\n"
1687 "do \"ipfw -h\" or see ipfw manpage for details\n"
1688 );
1689 
1690 	exit(EX_USAGE);
1691 }
1692 
1693 static void
1694 help(void)
1695 {
1696 
1697 	fprintf(stderr, "ipfw syntax summary:\n"
1698 "ipfw add [N] [prob {0..1}] ACTION [log [logamount N]] ADDR OPTIONS\n"
1699 "ipfw {pipe|queue} N config BODY\n"
1700 "ipfw [pipe] {zero|delete|show} [N{,N}]\n"
1701 "\n"
1702 "RULE:		[1..] [PROB] BODY\n"
1703 "RULENUM:	INTEGER(1..65534)\n"
1704 "PROB:		prob REAL(0..1)\n"
1705 "BODY:		check-state [LOG] (no body) |\n"
1706 "		ACTION [LOG] MATCH_ADDR [OPTION_LIST]\n"
1707 "ACTION:	check-state | allow | count | deny | reject | skipto N |\n"
1708 "		{divert|tee} PORT | forward ADDR | pipe N | queue N\n"
1709 "ADDR:		[ MAC dst src ether_type ] \n"
1710 "		[ from IPLIST [ PORT ] to IPLIST [ PORTLIST ] ]\n"
1711 "IPLIST:	IPADDR | ( IPADDR or ... or IPADDR )\n"
1712 "IPADDR:	[not] { any | me | ip | ip/bits | ip:mask | ip/bits{x,y,z} }\n"
1713 "OPTION_LIST:	OPTION [,OPTION_LIST]\n"
1714 );
1715 exit(0);
1716 }
1717 
1718 
1719 static int
1720 lookup_host (char *host, struct in_addr *ipaddr)
1721 {
1722 	struct hostent *he;
1723 
1724 	if (!inet_aton(host, ipaddr)) {
1725 		if ((he = gethostbyname(host)) == NULL)
1726 			return(-1);
1727 		*ipaddr = *(struct in_addr *)he->h_addr_list[0];
1728 	}
1729 	return(0);
1730 }
1731 
1732 /*
1733  * fills the addr and mask fields in the instruction as appropriate from av.
1734  * Update length as appropriate.
1735  * The following formats are allowed:
1736  *	any	matches any IP. Actually returns an empty instruction.
1737  *	me	returns O_IP_*_ME
1738  *	1.2.3.4		single IP address
1739  *	1.2.3.4:5.6.7.8	address:mask
1740  *	1.2.3.4/24	address/mask
1741  *	1.2.3.4/26{1,6,5,4,23}	set of addresses in a subnet
1742  */
1743 static void
1744 fill_ip(ipfw_insn_ip *cmd, char *av)
1745 {
1746 	char *p = 0, md = 0;
1747 	u_int32_t i;
1748 
1749 	cmd->o.len &= ~F_LEN_MASK;	/* zero len */
1750 
1751 	if (!strncmp(av, "any", strlen(av)))
1752 		return;
1753 
1754 	if (!strncmp(av, "me", strlen(av))) {
1755 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn);
1756 		return;
1757 	}
1758 
1759 	p = strchr(av, '/');
1760 	if (!p)
1761 		p = strchr(av, ':');
1762 	if (p) {
1763 		md = *p;
1764 		*p++ = '\0';
1765 	}
1766 
1767 	if (lookup_host(av, &cmd->addr) != 0)
1768 		errx(EX_NOHOST, "hostname ``%s'' unknown", av);
1769 	switch (md) {
1770 	case ':':
1771 		if (!inet_aton(p, &cmd->mask))
1772 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad netmask ``%s''", p);
1773 		break;
1774 	case '/':
1775 		i = atoi(p);
1776 		if (i == 0)
1777 			cmd->mask.s_addr = htonl(0);
1778 		else if (i > 32)
1779 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad width ``%s''", p);
1780 		else
1781 			cmd->mask.s_addr = htonl(~0 << (32 - i));
1782 		break;
1783 	default:
1784 		cmd->mask.s_addr = htonl(~0);
1785 		break;
1786 	}
1787 	cmd->addr.s_addr &= cmd->mask.s_addr;
1788 	/*
1789 	 * now look if we have a set of addresses. They are stored as follows:
1790 	 *   arg1	is the set size (powers of 2, 2..256)
1791 	 *   addr	is the base address IN HOST FORMAT
1792 	 *   mask..	is an array of u_int32_t with bits set.
1793 	 */
1794 	if (p)
1795 		p = strchr(p, '{');
1796 	if (p) {	/* fetch addresses */
1797 		u_int32_t *d;
1798 		int low, high;
1799 		int i = contigmask((u_char *)&(cmd->mask), 32);
1800 
1801 		if (i < 24 || i > 31) {
1802 			fprintf(stderr, "invalid set with mask %d\n",
1803 				i);
1804 			exit(0);
1805 		}
1806 		cmd->o.arg1 = 1<<(32-i);
1807 		cmd->addr.s_addr = ntohl(cmd->addr.s_addr);
1808 		d = (u_int32_t *)&cmd->mask;
1809 		cmd->o.opcode = O_IP_DST_SET;	/* default */
1810 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32) + (cmd->o.arg1+31)/32;
1811 		for (i = 0; i < (cmd->o.arg1+31)/32 ; i++)
1812 			d[i] = 0;	/* clear masks */
1813 
1814 		av = p+1;
1815 		low = cmd->addr.s_addr & 0xff;
1816 		high = low + cmd->o.arg1 - 1;
1817 		while (isdigit(*av)) {
1818 			char *s;
1819 			u_int16_t a = strtol(av, &s, 0);
1820 
1821 			if (s == av) /* no parameter */
1822 				break;
1823 			if (a < low || a > high) {
1824 			    fprintf(stderr, "addr %d out of range [%d-%d]\n",
1825 				a, low, high);
1826 			    exit(0);
1827 			}
1828 			a -= low;
1829 			d[ a/32] |= 1<<(a & 31);
1830 			if (*s != ',')
1831 				break;
1832 			av = s+1;
1833 		}
1834 		return;
1835 	}
1836 
1837 	if (cmd->mask.s_addr == 0) { /* any */
1838 		if (cmd->o.len & F_NOT)
1839 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "not any never matches");
1840 		else	/* useless, nuke it */
1841 			return;
1842 	} else if (cmd->mask.s_addr ==  IP_MASK_ALL)	/* one IP */
1843 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
1844 	else						/* addr/mask */
1845 		cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_ip);
1846 }
1847 
1848 
1849 /*
1850  * helper function to process a set of flags and set bits in the
1851  * appropriate masks.
1852  */
1853 static void
1854 fill_flags(ipfw_insn *cmd, enum ipfw_opcodes opcode,
1855 	struct _s_x *flags, char *p)
1856 {
1857 	u_int8_t set=0, clear=0;
1858 
1859 	while (p && *p) {
1860 		char *q;	/* points to the separator */
1861 		int val;
1862 		u_int8_t *which;	/* mask we are working on */
1863 
1864 		if (*p == '!') {
1865 			p++;
1866 			which = &clear;
1867 		} else
1868 			which = &set;
1869 		q = strchr(p, ',');
1870 		if (q)
1871 			*q++ = '\0';
1872 		val = match_token(flags, p);
1873 		if (val <= 0)
1874 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid flag %s", p);
1875 		*which |= (u_int8_t)val;
1876 		p = q;
1877 	}
1878         cmd->opcode = opcode;
1879         cmd->len =  (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | 1;
1880         cmd->arg1 = (set & 0xff) | ( (clear & 0xff) << 8);
1881 }
1882 
1883 
1884 static void
1885 delete(int ac, char *av[])
1886 {
1887 	u_int32_t rulenum;
1888 	struct dn_pipe pipe;
1889 	int i;
1890 	int exitval = EX_OK;
1891 	int do_set = 0;
1892 
1893 	memset(&pipe, 0, sizeof pipe);
1894 
1895 	av++; ac--;
1896 	if (ac > 0 && !strncmp(*av, "set", strlen(*av))) {
1897 		do_set = 1;	/* delete set */
1898 		ac--; av++;
1899 	}
1900 
1901 	/* Rule number */
1902 	while (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
1903 		i = atoi(*av); av++; ac--;
1904 		if (do_pipe) {
1905 			if (do_pipe == 1)
1906 				pipe.pipe_nr = i;
1907 			else
1908 				pipe.fs.fs_nr = i;
1909 			i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_DUMMYNET_DEL,
1910 			    &pipe, sizeof pipe);
1911 			if (i) {
1912 				exitval = 1;
1913 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_DUMMYNET_DEL)",
1914 				    do_pipe == 1 ? pipe.pipe_nr :
1915 				    pipe.fs.fs_nr);
1916 			}
1917 		} else {
1918 			rulenum =  (i & 0xffff) | (do_set << 24);
1919 			i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_DEL, &rulenum,
1920 			    sizeof rulenum);
1921 			if (i) {
1922 				exitval = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
1923 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_DEL)",
1924 				    rulenum);
1925 			}
1926 		}
1927 	}
1928 	if (exitval != EX_OK)
1929 		exit(exitval);
1930 }
1931 
1932 
1933 /*
1934  * fill the interface structure. We do not check the name as we can
1935  * create interfaces dynamically, so checking them at insert time
1936  * makes relatively little sense.
1937  * A '*' following the name means any unit.
1938  */
1939 static void
1940 fill_iface(ipfw_insn_if *cmd, char *arg)
1941 {
1942 	cmd->name[0] = '\0';
1943 	cmd->o.len |= F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_if);
1944 
1945 	/* Parse the interface or address */
1946 	if (!strcmp(arg, "any"))
1947 		cmd->o.len = 0;		/* effectively ignore this command */
1948 	else if (!isdigit(*arg)) {
1949 		char *q;
1950 
1951 		strncpy(cmd->name, arg, sizeof(cmd->name));
1952 		cmd->name[sizeof(cmd->name) - 1] = '\0';
1953 		/* find first digit or wildcard */
1954 		for (q = cmd->name; *q && !isdigit(*q) && *q != '*'; q++)
1955 			continue;
1956 		cmd->p.unit = (*q == '*') ? -1 : atoi(q);
1957 		*q = '\0';
1958 	} else if (!inet_aton(arg, &cmd->p.ip))
1959 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad ip address ``%s''", arg);
1960 }
1961 
1962 /*
1963  * the following macro returns an error message if we run out of
1964  * arguments.
1965  */
1966 #define	NEED1(msg)	{if (!ac) errx(EX_USAGE, msg);}
1967 
1968 static void
1969 config_pipe(int ac, char **av)
1970 {
1971 	struct dn_pipe pipe;
1972 	int i;
1973 	char *end;
1974 	u_int32_t a;
1975 	void *par = NULL;
1976 
1977 	memset(&pipe, 0, sizeof pipe);
1978 
1979 	av++; ac--;
1980 	/* Pipe number */
1981 	if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
1982 		i = atoi(*av); av++; ac--;
1983 		if (do_pipe == 1)
1984 			pipe.pipe_nr = i;
1985 		else
1986 			pipe.fs.fs_nr = i;
1987 	}
1988 	while (ac > 0) {
1989 		double d;
1990 		int tok = match_token(dummynet_params, *av);
1991 		ac--; av++;
1992 
1993 		switch(tok) {
1994 		case TOK_NOERROR:
1995 			pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_NOERROR;
1996 			break;
1997 
1998 		case TOK_PLR:
1999 			NEED1("plr needs argument 0..1\n");
2000 			d = strtod(av[0], NULL);
2001 			if (d > 1)
2002 				d = 1;
2003 			else if (d < 0)
2004 				d = 0;
2005 			pipe.fs.plr = (int)(d*0x7fffffff);
2006 			ac--; av++;
2007 			break;
2008 
2009 		case TOK_QUEUE:
2010 			NEED1("queue needs queue size\n");
2011 			end = NULL;
2012 			pipe.fs.qsize = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2013 			if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k') {
2014 				pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES;
2015 				pipe.fs.qsize *= 1024;
2016 			} else if (*end == 'B' || !strncmp(end, "by", 2)) {
2017 				pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES;
2018 			}
2019 			ac--; av++;
2020 			break;
2021 
2022 		case TOK_BUCKETS:
2023 			NEED1("buckets needs argument\n");
2024 			pipe.fs.rq_size = strtoul(av[0], NULL, 0);
2025 			ac--; av++;
2026 			break;
2027 
2028 		case TOK_MASK:
2029 			NEED1("mask needs mask specifier\n");
2030 			/*
2031 			 * per-flow queue, mask is dst_ip, dst_port,
2032 			 * src_ip, src_port, proto measured in bits
2033 			 */
2034 			par = NULL;
2035 
2036 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip = 0;
2037 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_ip = 0;
2038 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_port = 0;
2039 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_port = 0;
2040 			pipe.fs.flow_mask.proto = 0;
2041 			end = NULL;
2042 
2043 			while (ac >= 1) {
2044 			    u_int32_t *p32 = NULL;
2045 			    u_int16_t *p16 = NULL;
2046 
2047 			    tok = match_token(dummynet_params, *av);
2048 			    ac--; av++;
2049 			    switch(tok) {
2050 			    case TOK_ALL:
2051 				    /*
2052 				     * special case, all bits significant
2053 				     */
2054 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip = ~0;
2055 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_ip = ~0;
2056 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_port = ~0;
2057 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_port = ~0;
2058 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.proto = ~0;
2059 				    pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_HAVE_FLOW_MASK;
2060 				    goto end_mask;
2061 
2062 			    case TOK_DSTIP:
2063 				    p32 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_ip;
2064 				    break;
2065 
2066 			    case TOK_SRCIP:
2067 				    p32 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_ip;
2068 				    break;
2069 
2070 			    case TOK_DSTPORT:
2071 				    p16 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.dst_port;
2072 				    break;
2073 
2074 			    case TOK_SRCPORT:
2075 				    p16 = &pipe.fs.flow_mask.src_port;
2076 				    break;
2077 
2078 			    case TOK_PROTO:
2079 				    break;
2080 
2081 			    default:
2082 				    ac++; av--; /* backtrack */
2083 				    goto end_mask;
2084 			    }
2085 			    if (ac < 1)
2086 				    errx(EX_USAGE, "mask: value missing");
2087 			    if (*av[0] == '/') {
2088 				    a = strtoul(av[0]+1, &end, 0);
2089 				    a = (a == 32) ? ~0 : (1 << a) - 1;
2090 			    } else
2091 				    a = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2092 			    if (p32 != NULL)
2093 				    *p32 = a;
2094 			    else if (p16 != NULL) {
2095 				    if (a > 65535)
2096 					    errx(EX_DATAERR,
2097 						"mask: must be 16 bit");
2098 				    *p16 = (u_int16_t)a;
2099 			    } else {
2100 				    if (a > 255)
2101 					    errx(EX_DATAERR,
2102 						"mask: must be 8 bit");
2103 				    pipe.fs.flow_mask.proto = (u_int8_t)a;
2104 			    }
2105 			    if (a != 0)
2106 				    pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_HAVE_FLOW_MASK;
2107 			    ac--; av++;
2108 			} /* end while, config masks */
2109 end_mask:
2110 			break;
2111 
2112 		case TOK_RED:
2113 		case TOK_GRED:
2114 			NEED1("red/gred needs w_q/min_th/max_th/max_p\n");
2115 			pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_IS_RED;
2116 			if (tok == TOK_GRED)
2117 				pipe.fs.flags_fs |= DN_IS_GENTLE_RED;
2118 			/*
2119 			 * the format for parameters is w_q/min_th/max_th/max_p
2120 			 */
2121 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2122 			    double w_q = strtod(end, NULL);
2123 			    if (w_q > 1 || w_q <= 0)
2124 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "0 < w_q <= 1");
2125 			    pipe.fs.w_q = (int) (w_q * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2126 			}
2127 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2128 			    pipe.fs.min_th = strtoul(end, &end, 0);
2129 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k')
2130 				pipe.fs.min_th *= 1024;
2131 			}
2132 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2133 			    pipe.fs.max_th = strtoul(end, &end, 0);
2134 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k')
2135 				pipe.fs.max_th *= 1024;
2136 			}
2137 			if ((end = strsep(&av[0], "/"))) {
2138 			    double max_p = strtod(end, NULL);
2139 			    if (max_p > 1 || max_p <= 0)
2140 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "0 < max_p <= 1");
2141 			    pipe.fs.max_p = (int)(max_p * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2142 			}
2143 			ac--; av++;
2144 			break;
2145 
2146 		case TOK_DROPTAIL:
2147 			pipe.fs.flags_fs &= ~(DN_IS_RED|DN_IS_GENTLE_RED);
2148 			break;
2149 
2150 		case TOK_BW:
2151 			NEED1("bw needs bandwidth or interface\n");
2152 			if (do_pipe != 1)
2153 			    errx(EX_DATAERR, "bandwidth only valid for pipes");
2154 			/*
2155 			 * set clocking interface or bandwidth value
2156 			 */
2157 			if (av[0][0] >= 'a' && av[0][0] <= 'z') {
2158 			    int l = sizeof(pipe.if_name)-1;
2159 			    /* interface name */
2160 			    strncpy(pipe.if_name, av[0], l);
2161 			    pipe.if_name[l] = '\0';
2162 			    pipe.bandwidth = 0;
2163 			} else {
2164 			    pipe.if_name[0] = '\0';
2165 			    pipe.bandwidth = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2166 			    if (*end == 'K' || *end == 'k') {
2167 				end++;
2168 				pipe.bandwidth *= 1000;
2169 			    } else if (*end == 'M') {
2170 				end++;
2171 				pipe.bandwidth *= 1000000;
2172 			    }
2173 			    if (*end == 'B' || !strncmp(end, "by", 2))
2174 				pipe.bandwidth *= 8;
2175 			    if (pipe.bandwidth < 0)
2176 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "bandwidth too large");
2177 			}
2178 			ac--; av++;
2179 			break;
2180 
2181 		case TOK_DELAY:
2182 			if (do_pipe != 1)
2183 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "delay only valid for pipes");
2184 			NEED1("delay needs argument 0..10000ms\n");
2185 			pipe.delay = strtoul(av[0], NULL, 0);
2186 			ac--; av++;
2187 			break;
2188 
2189 		case TOK_WEIGHT:
2190 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2191 				errx(EX_DATAERR,"weight only valid for queues");
2192 			NEED1("weight needs argument 0..100\n");
2193 			pipe.fs.weight = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2194 			ac--; av++;
2195 			break;
2196 
2197 		case TOK_PIPE:
2198 			if (do_pipe == 1)
2199 				errx(EX_DATAERR,"pipe only valid for queues");
2200 			NEED1("pipe needs pipe_number\n");
2201 			pipe.fs.parent_nr = strtoul(av[0], &end, 0);
2202 			ac--; av++;
2203 			break;
2204 
2205 		default:
2206 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "unrecognised option ``%s''", *av);
2207 		}
2208 	}
2209 	if (do_pipe == 1) {
2210 		if (pipe.pipe_nr == 0)
2211 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "pipe_nr must be > 0");
2212 		if (pipe.delay > 10000)
2213 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "delay must be < 10000");
2214 	} else { /* do_pipe == 2, queue */
2215 		if (pipe.fs.parent_nr == 0)
2216 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "pipe must be > 0");
2217 		if (pipe.fs.weight >100)
2218 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "weight must be <= 100");
2219 	}
2220 	if (pipe.fs.flags_fs & DN_QSIZE_IS_BYTES) {
2221 		if (pipe.fs.qsize > 1024*1024)
2222 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "queue size must be < 1MB");
2223 	} else {
2224 		if (pipe.fs.qsize > 100)
2225 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "2 <= queue size <= 100");
2226 	}
2227 	if (pipe.fs.flags_fs & DN_IS_RED) {
2228 		size_t len;
2229 		int lookup_depth, avg_pkt_size;
2230 		double s, idle, weight, w_q;
2231 		struct clockinfo clock;
2232 		int t;
2233 
2234 		if (pipe.fs.min_th >= pipe.fs.max_th)
2235 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "min_th %d must be < than max_th %d",
2236 			pipe.fs.min_th, pipe.fs.max_th);
2237 		if (pipe.fs.max_th == 0)
2238 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "max_th must be > 0");
2239 
2240 		len = sizeof(int);
2241 		if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth",
2242 			&lookup_depth, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2243 
2244 		    errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
2245 			"net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth");
2246 		if (lookup_depth == 0)
2247 		    errx(EX_DATAERR, "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_lookup_depth"
2248 			" must be greater than zero");
2249 
2250 		len = sizeof(int);
2251 		if (sysctlbyname("net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size",
2252 			&avg_pkt_size, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2253 
2254 		    errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")",
2255 			"net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size");
2256 		if (avg_pkt_size == 0)
2257 			errx(EX_DATAERR,
2258 			    "net.inet.ip.dummynet.red_avg_pkt_size must"
2259 			    " be greater than zero");
2260 
2261 		len = sizeof(struct clockinfo);
2262 		if (sysctlbyname("kern.clockrate", &clock, &len, NULL, 0) == -1)
2263 			errx(1, "sysctlbyname(\"%s\")", "kern.clockrate");
2264 
2265 		/*
2266 		 * Ticks needed for sending a medium-sized packet.
2267 		 * Unfortunately, when we are configuring a WF2Q+ queue, we
2268 		 * do not have bandwidth information, because that is stored
2269 		 * in the parent pipe, and also we have multiple queues
2270 		 * competing for it. So we set s=0, which is not very
2271 		 * correct. But on the other hand, why do we want RED with
2272 		 * WF2Q+ ?
2273 		 */
2274 		if (pipe.bandwidth==0) /* this is a WF2Q+ queue */
2275 			s = 0;
2276 		else
2277 			s = clock.hz * avg_pkt_size * 8 / pipe.bandwidth;
2278 
2279 		/*
2280 		 * max idle time (in ticks) before avg queue size becomes 0.
2281 		 * NOTA:  (3/w_q) is approx the value x so that
2282 		 * (1-w_q)^x < 10^-3.
2283 		 */
2284 		w_q = ((double)pipe.fs.w_q) / (1 << SCALE_RED);
2285 		idle = s * 3. / w_q;
2286 		pipe.fs.lookup_step = (int)idle / lookup_depth;
2287 		if (!pipe.fs.lookup_step)
2288 			pipe.fs.lookup_step = 1;
2289 		weight = 1 - w_q;
2290 		for (t = pipe.fs.lookup_step; t > 0; --t)
2291 			weight *= weight;
2292 		pipe.fs.lookup_weight = (int)(weight * (1 << SCALE_RED));
2293 	}
2294 	i = setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE, &pipe,
2295 			    sizeof pipe);
2296 	if (i)
2297 		err(1, "setsockopt(%s)", "IP_DUMMYNET_CONFIGURE");
2298 }
2299 
2300 static void
2301 get_mac_addr_mask(char *p, u_char *addr, u_char *mask)
2302 {
2303 	int i, l;
2304 
2305 	for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2306 		addr[i] = mask[i] = 0;
2307 	if (!strcmp(p, "any"))
2308 		return;
2309 
2310 	for (i=0; *p && i<6;i++, p++) {
2311 		addr[i] = strtol(p, &p, 16);
2312 		if (*p != ':') /* we start with the mask */
2313 			break;
2314 	}
2315 	if (*p == '/') { /* mask len */
2316 		l = strtol(p+1, &p, 0);
2317 		for (i=0; l>0; l -=8, i++)
2318 			mask[i] = (l >=8) ? 0xff : (~0) << (8-l);
2319 	} else if (*p == '&') { /* mask */
2320 		for (i=0, p++; *p && i<6;i++, p++) {
2321 			mask[i] = strtol(p, &p, 16);
2322 			if (*p != ':')
2323 				break;
2324 		}
2325 	} else if (*p == '\0') {
2326 		for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2327 			mask[i] = 0xff;
2328 	}
2329 	for (i=0; i<6; i++)
2330 		addr[i] &= mask[i];
2331 }
2332 
2333 /*
2334  * helper function, updates the pointer to cmd with the length
2335  * of the current command, and also cleans up the first word of
2336  * the new command in case it has been clobbered before.
2337  */
2338 static ipfw_insn *
2339 next_cmd(ipfw_insn *cmd)
2340 {
2341 	cmd += F_LEN(cmd);
2342 	bzero(cmd, sizeof(*cmd));
2343 	return cmd;
2344 }
2345 
2346 /*
2347  * A function to fill simple commands of size 1.
2348  * Existing flags are preserved.
2349  */
2350 static void
2351 fill_cmd(ipfw_insn *cmd, enum ipfw_opcodes opcode, int flags, u_int16_t arg)
2352 {
2353 	cmd->opcode = opcode;
2354 	cmd->len =  ((cmd->len | flags) & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | 1;
2355 	cmd->arg1 = arg;
2356 }
2357 
2358 /*
2359  * Fetch and add the MAC address and type, with masks. This generates one or
2360  * two microinstructions, and returns the pointer to the last one.
2361  */
2362 static ipfw_insn *
2363 add_mac(ipfw_insn *cmd, int ac, char *av[])
2364 {
2365 	ipfw_insn_mac *mac;
2366 
2367 	if (ac < 2)
2368 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "MAC dst src");
2369 
2370 	cmd->opcode = O_MACADDR2;
2371 	cmd->len = (cmd->len & (F_NOT | F_OR)) | F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_mac);
2372 
2373 	mac = (ipfw_insn_mac *)cmd;
2374 	get_mac_addr_mask(av[0], mac->addr, mac->mask);	/* dst */
2375 	get_mac_addr_mask(av[1], &(mac->addr[6]), &(mac->mask[6])); /* src */
2376 	return cmd;
2377 }
2378 
2379 static ipfw_insn *
2380 add_mactype(ipfw_insn *cmd, int ac, char *av)
2381 {
2382 	if (ac < 1)
2383 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "missing MAC type");
2384 	if (strcmp(av, "any") != 0) { /* we have a non-null type */
2385 		fill_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, av, IPPROTO_ETHERTYPE);
2386 		cmd->opcode = O_MAC_TYPE;
2387 		return cmd;
2388 	} else
2389 		return NULL;
2390 }
2391 
2392 static ipfw_insn *
2393 add_proto(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2394 {
2395 	struct protoent *pe;
2396 	u_char proto = 0;
2397 
2398 	if (!strncmp(av, "all", strlen(av)))
2399 		; /* same as "ip" */
2400 	else if ((proto = atoi(av)) > 0)
2401 		; /* all done! */
2402 	else if ((pe = getprotobyname(av)) != NULL)
2403 		proto = pe->p_proto;
2404 	else
2405 		return NULL;
2406 	if (proto != IPPROTO_IP)
2407 		fill_cmd(cmd, O_PROTO, 0, proto);
2408 	return cmd;
2409 }
2410 
2411 static ipfw_insn *
2412 add_srcip(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2413 {
2414 	fill_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd, av);
2415 	if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_SET)			/* set */
2416 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_SET;
2417 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))		/* me */
2418 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_ME;
2419 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))	/* one IP */
2420 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC;
2421 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_ip))	/* addr/mask */
2422 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_SRC_MASK;
2423 	return cmd;
2424 }
2425 
2426 static ipfw_insn *
2427 add_dstip(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av)
2428 {
2429 	fill_ip((ipfw_insn_ip *)cmd, av);
2430 	if (cmd->opcode == O_IP_DST_SET)			/* set */
2431 		;
2432 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn))		/* me */
2433 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST_ME;
2434 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32))	/* one IP */
2435 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST;
2436 	else if (F_LEN(cmd) == F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_ip))	/* addr/mask */
2437 		cmd->opcode = O_IP_DST_MASK;
2438 	return cmd;
2439 }
2440 
2441 static ipfw_insn *
2442 add_ports(ipfw_insn *cmd, char *av, u_char proto, int opcode)
2443 {
2444 	if (!strncmp(av, "any", strlen(av))) {
2445 		return NULL;
2446 	} else if (fill_newports((ipfw_insn_u16 *)cmd, av, proto)) {
2447 		/* XXX todo: check that we have a protocol with ports */
2448 		cmd->opcode = opcode;
2449 		return cmd;
2450 	}
2451 	return NULL;
2452 }
2453 
2454 /*
2455  * Parse arguments and assemble the microinstructions which make up a rule.
2456  * Rules are added into the 'rulebuf' and then copied in the correct order
2457  * into the actual rule.
2458  *
2459  * The syntax for a rule starts with the action, followed by an
2460  * optional log action, and the various match patterns.
2461  * In the assembled microcode, the first opcode must be an O_PROBE_STATE
2462  * (generated if the rule includes a keep-state option), then the
2463  * various match patterns, the "log" action, and the actual action.
2464  *
2465  */
2466 static void
2467 add(int ac, char *av[])
2468 {
2469 	/*
2470 	 * rules are added into the 'rulebuf' and then copied in
2471 	 * the correct order into the actual rule.
2472 	 * Some things that need to go out of order (prob, action etc.)
2473 	 * go into actbuf[].
2474 	 */
2475 	static u_int32_t rulebuf[255], actbuf[255], cmdbuf[255];
2476 
2477 	ipfw_insn *src, *dst, *cmd, *action, *prev;
2478 	ipfw_insn *first_cmd;	/* first match pattern */
2479 
2480 	struct ip_fw *rule;
2481 
2482 	/*
2483 	 * various flags used to record that we entered some fields.
2484 	 */
2485 	ipfw_insn *have_state = NULL;	/* check-state or keep-state */
2486 
2487 	int i;
2488 
2489 	int open_par = 0;	/* open parenthesis ( */
2490 
2491 	/* proto is here because it is used to fetch ports */
2492 	u_char proto = IPPROTO_IP;	/* default protocol */
2493 
2494 	double match_prob = 1; /* match probability, default is always match */
2495 
2496 	bzero(actbuf, sizeof(actbuf));		/* actions go here */
2497 	bzero(cmdbuf, sizeof(cmdbuf));
2498 	bzero(rulebuf, sizeof(rulebuf));
2499 
2500 	rule = (struct ip_fw *)rulebuf;
2501 	cmd = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf;
2502 	action = (ipfw_insn *)actbuf;
2503 
2504 	av++; ac--;
2505 
2506 	/* [rule N]	-- Rule number optional */
2507 	if (ac && isdigit(**av)) {
2508 		rule->rulenum = atoi(*av);
2509 		av++;
2510 		ac--;
2511 	}
2512 
2513 	/* [set N]	-- set number (0..30), optional */
2514 	if (ac > 1 && !strncmp(*av, "set", strlen(*av))) {
2515 		int set = strtoul(av[1], NULL, 10);
2516 		if (set < 0 || set > 30)
2517 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal set %s", av[1]);
2518 		rule->set = set;
2519 		av += 2; ac -= 2;
2520 	}
2521 
2522 	/* [prob D]	-- match probability, optional */
2523 	if (ac > 1 && !strncmp(*av, "prob", strlen(*av))) {
2524 		match_prob = strtod(av[1], NULL);
2525 
2526 		if (match_prob <= 0 || match_prob > 1)
2527 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal match prob. %s", av[1]);
2528 		av += 2; ac -= 2;
2529 	}
2530 
2531 	/* action	-- mandatory */
2532 	NEED1("missing action");
2533 	i = match_token(rule_actions, *av);
2534 	ac--; av++;
2535 	action->len = 1;	/* default */
2536 	switch(i) {
2537 	case TOK_CHECKSTATE:
2538 		have_state = action;
2539 		action->opcode = O_CHECK_STATE;
2540 		break;
2541 
2542 	case TOK_ACCEPT:
2543 		action->opcode = O_ACCEPT;
2544 		break;
2545 
2546 	case TOK_DENY:
2547 		action->opcode = O_DENY;
2548 		action->arg1 = 0;
2549 		break;
2550 
2551 	case TOK_REJECT:
2552 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
2553 		action->arg1 = ICMP_UNREACH_HOST;
2554 		break;
2555 
2556 	case TOK_RESET:
2557 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
2558 		action->arg1 = ICMP_REJECT_RST;
2559 		break;
2560 
2561 	case TOK_UNREACH:
2562 		action->opcode = O_REJECT;
2563 		NEED1("missing reject code");
2564 		fill_reject_code(&action->arg1, *av);
2565 		ac--; av++;
2566 		break;
2567 
2568 	case TOK_COUNT:
2569 		action->opcode = O_COUNT;
2570 		break;
2571 
2572 	case TOK_QUEUE:
2573 	case TOK_PIPE:
2574 		action->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_pipe);
2575 	case TOK_SKIPTO:
2576 		if (i == TOK_QUEUE)
2577 			action->opcode = O_QUEUE;
2578 		else if (i == TOK_PIPE)
2579 			action->opcode = O_PIPE;
2580 		else if (i == TOK_SKIPTO)
2581 			action->opcode = O_SKIPTO;
2582 		NEED1("missing skipto/pipe/queue number");
2583 		action->arg1 = strtoul(*av, NULL, 10);
2584 		av++; ac--;
2585 		break;
2586 
2587 	case TOK_DIVERT:
2588 	case TOK_TEE:
2589 		action->opcode = (i == TOK_DIVERT) ? O_DIVERT : O_TEE;
2590 		NEED1("missing divert/tee port");
2591 		action->arg1 = strtoul(*av, NULL, 0);
2592 		if (action->arg1 == 0) {
2593 			struct servent *s;
2594 			setservent(1);
2595 			s = getservbyname(av[0], "divert");
2596 			if (s != NULL)
2597 				action->arg1 = ntohs(s->s_port);
2598 			else
2599 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "illegal divert/tee port");
2600 		}
2601 		ac--; av++;
2602 		break;
2603 
2604 	case TOK_FORWARD: {
2605 		ipfw_insn_sa *p = (ipfw_insn_sa *)action;
2606 		char *s, *end;
2607 
2608 		NEED1("missing forward address[:port]");
2609 
2610 		action->opcode = O_FORWARD_IP;
2611 		action->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_sa);
2612 
2613 		p->sa.sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
2614 		p->sa.sin_family = AF_INET;
2615 		p->sa.sin_port = 0;
2616 		/*
2617 		 * locate the address-port separator (':' or ',')
2618 		 */
2619 		s = strchr(*av, ':');
2620 		if (s == NULL)
2621 			s = strchr(*av, ',');
2622 		if (s != NULL) {
2623 			*(s++) = '\0';
2624 			i = strtoport(s, &end, 0 /* base */, 0 /* proto */);
2625 			if (s == end)
2626 				errx(EX_DATAERR,
2627 				    "illegal forwarding port ``%s''", s);
2628 			p->sa.sin_port = (u_short)i;
2629 		}
2630 		lookup_host(*av, &(p->sa.sin_addr));
2631 		}
2632 		ac--; av++;
2633 		break;
2634 
2635 	default:
2636 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid action %s\n", av[-1]);
2637 	}
2638 	action = next_cmd(action);
2639 
2640 	/*
2641 	 * [log [logamount N]]	-- log, optional
2642 	 *
2643 	 * If exists, it goes first in the cmdbuf, but then it is
2644 	 * skipped in the copy section to the end of the buffer.
2645 	 */
2646 	if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "log", strlen(*av))) {
2647 		ipfw_insn_log *c = (ipfw_insn_log *)cmd;
2648 
2649 		cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_log);
2650 		cmd->opcode = O_LOG;
2651 		av++; ac--;
2652 		if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "logamount", strlen(*av))) {
2653 			ac--; av++;
2654 			NEED1("logamount requires argument");
2655 			c->max_log = atoi(*av);
2656 			if (c->max_log < 0)
2657 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "logamount must be positive");
2658 			ac--; av++;
2659 		}
2660 		cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2661 	}
2662 
2663 	if (have_state)	/* must be a check-state, we are done */
2664 		goto done;
2665 
2666 #define OR_START(target)					\
2667 	if (ac && (*av[0] == '(' || *av[0] == '{')) {		\
2668 		if (open_par)					\
2669 			errx(EX_USAGE, "nested \"(\" not allowed\n"); \
2670 		prev = NULL;					\
2671 		open_par = 1;					\
2672 		if ( (av[0])[1] == '\0') {			\
2673 			ac--; av++;				\
2674 		} else						\
2675 			(*av)++;				\
2676 	}							\
2677 	target:							\
2678 
2679 
2680 #define	CLOSE_PAR						\
2681 	if (open_par) {						\
2682 		if (ac && (					\
2683 		    !strncmp(*av, ")", strlen(*av)) ||		\
2684 		    !strncmp(*av, "}", strlen(*av)) )) {	\
2685 			prev = NULL;				\
2686 			open_par = 0;				\
2687 			ac--; av++;				\
2688 		} else						\
2689 			errx(EX_USAGE, "missing \")\"\n");	\
2690 	}
2691 
2692 #define NOT_BLOCK						\
2693 	if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "not", strlen(*av))) {		\
2694 		if (cmd->len & F_NOT)				\
2695 			errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n"); \
2696 		cmd->len |= F_NOT;				\
2697 		ac--; av++;					\
2698 	}
2699 
2700 #define OR_BLOCK(target)					\
2701 	if (ac && !strncmp(*av, "or", strlen(*av))) {		\
2702 		if (prev == NULL || open_par == 0)		\
2703 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid OR block");	\
2704 		prev->len |= F_OR;				\
2705 		ac--; av++;					\
2706 		goto target;					\
2707 	}							\
2708 	CLOSE_PAR;
2709 
2710 	first_cmd = cmd;
2711 
2712 #if 0
2713 	/*
2714 	 * MAC addresses, optional.
2715 	 * If we have this, we skip the part "proto from src to dst"
2716 	 * and jump straight to the option parsing.
2717 	 */
2718 	NOT_BLOCK;
2719 	NEED1("missing protocol");
2720 	if (!strncmp(*av, "MAC", strlen(*av)) ||
2721 	    !strncmp(*av, "mac", strlen(*av))) {
2722 		ac--; av++;	/* the "MAC" keyword */
2723 		add_mac(cmd, ac, av); /* exits in case of errors */
2724 		cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2725 		ac -= 2; av += 2;	/* dst-mac and src-mac */
2726 		NOT_BLOCK;
2727 		NEED1("missing mac type");
2728 		if (add_mactype(cmd, ac, av[0]))
2729 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2730 		ac--; av++;	/* any or mac-type */
2731 		goto read_options;
2732 	}
2733 #endif
2734 
2735 	/*
2736 	 * protocol, mandatory
2737 	 */
2738     OR_START(get_proto);
2739 	NOT_BLOCK;
2740 	NEED1("missing protocol");
2741 	if (add_proto(cmd, *av)) {
2742 		av++; ac--;
2743 		if (F_LEN(cmd) == 0)	/* plain IP */
2744 			proto = 0;
2745 		else {
2746 			proto = cmd->arg1;
2747 			prev = cmd;
2748 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2749 		}
2750 	} else if (first_cmd != cmd) {
2751 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid protocol ``%s''", av);
2752 	} else
2753 		goto read_options;
2754     OR_BLOCK(get_proto);
2755 
2756 	/*
2757 	 * "from", mandatory
2758 	 */
2759 	if (!ac || strncmp(*av, "from", strlen(*av)))
2760 		errx(EX_USAGE, "missing ``from''");
2761 	ac--; av++;
2762 
2763 	/*
2764 	 * source IP, mandatory
2765 	 */
2766     OR_START(source_ip);
2767 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2768 	NEED1("missing source address");
2769 	if (add_srcip(cmd, *av)) {
2770 		ac--; av++;
2771 		if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0) {	/* ! any */
2772 			prev = cmd;
2773 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2774 		}
2775 	}
2776     OR_BLOCK(source_ip);
2777 
2778 	/*
2779 	 * source ports, optional
2780 	 */
2781 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2782 	if (ac) {
2783 		if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
2784 		    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_SRCPORT)) {
2785 			ac--; av++;
2786 			if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0)
2787 				cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2788 		}
2789 	}
2790 
2791 	/*
2792 	 * "to", mandatory
2793 	 */
2794 	if (!ac || strncmp(*av, "to", strlen(*av)))
2795 		errx(EX_USAGE, "missing ``to''");
2796 	av++; ac--;
2797 
2798 	/*
2799 	 * destination, mandatory
2800 	 */
2801     OR_START(dest_ip);
2802 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2803 	NEED1("missing dst address");
2804 	if (add_dstip(cmd, *av)) {
2805 		ac--; av++;
2806 		if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0) {	/* ! any */
2807 			prev = cmd;
2808 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2809 		}
2810 	}
2811     OR_BLOCK(dest_ip);
2812 
2813 	/*
2814 	 * dest. ports, optional
2815 	 */
2816 	NOT_BLOCK;	/* optional "not" */
2817 	if (ac) {
2818 		if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
2819 		    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_DSTPORT)) {
2820 			ac--; av++;
2821 			if (F_LEN(cmd) != 0)
2822 				cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
2823 		}
2824 	}
2825 
2826 read_options:
2827 	if (ac && first_cmd == cmd) {
2828 		/*
2829 		 * nothing specified so far, store in the rule to ease
2830 		 * printout later.
2831 		 */
2832 		 rule->_pad = 1;
2833 	}
2834 	prev = NULL;
2835 	while (ac) {
2836 		char *s;
2837 		ipfw_insn_u32 *cmd32;	/* alias for cmd */
2838 
2839 		s = *av;
2840 		cmd32 = (ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd;
2841 
2842 		if (*s == '!') {	/* alternate syntax for NOT */
2843 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
2844 				errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n");
2845 			cmd->len = F_NOT;
2846 			s++;
2847 		}
2848 		i = match_token(rule_options, s);
2849 		ac--; av++;
2850 		switch(i) {
2851 		case TOK_NOT:
2852 			if (cmd->len & F_NOT)
2853 				errx(EX_USAGE, "double \"not\" not allowed\n");
2854 			cmd->len = F_NOT;
2855 			break;
2856 
2857 		case TOK_OR:
2858 			if (open_par == 0 || prev == NULL)
2859 				errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid \"or\" block\n");
2860 			prev->len |= F_OR;
2861 			break;
2862 
2863 		case TOK_STARTBRACE:
2864 			if (open_par)
2865 				errx(EX_USAGE, "+nested \"(\" not allowed\n");
2866 			open_par = 1;
2867 			break;
2868 
2869 		case TOK_ENDBRACE:
2870 			if (!open_par)
2871 				errx(EX_USAGE, "+missing \")\"\n");
2872 			open_par = 0;
2873 			prev = NULL;
2874         		break;
2875 
2876 		case TOK_IN:
2877 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IN, 0, 0);
2878 			break;
2879 
2880 		case TOK_OUT:
2881 			cmd->len ^= F_NOT; /* toggle F_NOT */
2882 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IN, 0, 0);
2883 			break;
2884 
2885 		case TOK_FRAG:
2886 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_FRAG, 0, 0);
2887 			break;
2888 
2889 		case TOK_LAYER2:
2890 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_LAYER2, 0, 0);
2891 			break;
2892 
2893 		case TOK_XMIT:
2894 		case TOK_RECV:
2895 		case TOK_VIA:
2896 			NEED1("recv, xmit, via require interface name"
2897 				" or address");
2898 			fill_iface((ipfw_insn_if *)cmd, av[0]);
2899 			ac--; av++;
2900 			if (F_LEN(cmd) == 0)	/* not a valid address */
2901 				break;
2902 			if (i == TOK_XMIT)
2903 				cmd->opcode = O_XMIT;
2904 			else if (i == TOK_RECV)
2905 				cmd->opcode = O_RECV;
2906 			else if (i == TOK_VIA)
2907 				cmd->opcode = O_VIA;
2908 			break;
2909 
2910 		case TOK_ICMPTYPES:
2911 			NEED1("icmptypes requires list of types");
2912 			fill_icmptypes((ipfw_insn_u32 *)cmd, *av);
2913 			av++; ac--;
2914 			break;
2915 
2916 		case TOK_IPTTL:
2917 			NEED1("ipttl requires TTL");
2918 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPTTL, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
2919 			ac--; av++;
2920 			break;
2921 
2922 		case TOK_IPID:
2923 			NEED1("ipid requires length");
2924 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPID, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
2925 			ac--; av++;
2926 			break;
2927 
2928 		case TOK_IPLEN:
2929 			NEED1("iplen requires length");
2930 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPLEN, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
2931 			ac--; av++;
2932 			break;
2933 
2934 		case TOK_IPVER:
2935 			NEED1("ipver requires version");
2936 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPVER, 0, strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
2937 			ac--; av++;
2938 			break;
2939 
2940 		case TOK_IPPRECEDENCE:
2941 			NEED1("ipprecedence requires value");
2942 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_IPPRECEDENCE, 0,
2943 			    (strtoul(*av, NULL, 0) & 7) << 5);
2944 			ac--; av++;
2945 			break;
2946 
2947 		case TOK_IPOPTS:
2948 			NEED1("missing argument for ipoptions");
2949 			fill_flags(cmd, O_IPOPT, f_ipopts, *av);
2950 			ac--; av++;
2951 			break;
2952 
2953 		case TOK_IPTOS:
2954 			NEED1("missing argument for iptos");
2955 			fill_flags(cmd, O_IPTOS, f_iptos, *av);
2956 			ac--; av++;
2957 			break;
2958 
2959 		case TOK_UID:
2960 			NEED1("uid requires argument");
2961 		    {
2962 			char *end;
2963 			uid_t uid;
2964 			struct passwd *pwd;
2965 
2966 			cmd->opcode = O_UID;
2967 			uid = strtoul(*av, &end, 0);
2968 			pwd = (*end == '\0') ? getpwuid(uid) : getpwnam(*av);
2969 			if (pwd == NULL)
2970 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "uid \"%s\" nonexistent", *av);
2971 			cmd32->d[0] = pwd->pw_uid;
2972 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
2973 			ac--; av++;
2974 		    }
2975 			break;
2976 
2977 		case TOK_GID:
2978 			NEED1("gid requires argument");
2979 		    {
2980 			char *end;
2981 			gid_t gid;
2982 			struct group *grp;
2983 
2984 			cmd->opcode = O_GID;
2985 			gid = strtoul(*av, &end, 0);
2986 			grp = (*end == '\0') ? getgrgid(gid) : getgrnam(*av);
2987 			if (grp == NULL)
2988 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "gid \"%s\" nonexistent", *av);
2989 			cmd32->d[0] = grp->gr_gid;
2990 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
2991 			ac--; av++;
2992 		    }
2993 			break;
2994 
2995 		case TOK_ESTAB:
2996 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_ESTAB, 0, 0);
2997 			break;
2998 
2999 		case TOK_SETUP:
3000 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_TCPFLAGS, 0,
3001 				(TH_SYN) | ( (TH_ACK) & 0xff) <<8 );
3002 			break;
3003 
3004 		case TOK_TCPOPTS:
3005 			NEED1("missing argument for tcpoptions");
3006 			fill_flags(cmd, O_TCPOPTS, f_tcpopts, *av);
3007 			ac--; av++;
3008 			break;
3009 
3010 		case TOK_TCPSEQ:
3011 		case TOK_TCPACK:
3012 			NEED1("tcpseq/tcpack requires argument");
3013 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_u32);
3014 			cmd->opcode = (i == TOK_TCPSEQ) ? O_TCPSEQ : O_TCPACK;
3015 			cmd32->d[0] = htonl(strtoul(*av, NULL, 0));
3016 			ac--; av++;
3017 			break;
3018 
3019 		case TOK_TCPWIN:
3020 			NEED1("tcpwin requires length");
3021 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_TCPWIN, 0,
3022 			    htons(strtoul(*av, NULL, 0)));
3023 			ac--; av++;
3024 			break;
3025 
3026 		case TOK_TCPFLAGS:
3027 			NEED1("missing argument for tcpflags");
3028 			cmd->opcode = O_TCPFLAGS;
3029 			fill_flags(cmd, O_TCPFLAGS, f_tcpflags, *av);
3030 			ac--; av++;
3031 			break;
3032 
3033 		case TOK_KEEPSTATE:
3034 			if (open_par)
3035 				errx(EX_USAGE, "keep-state cannot be part "
3036 				    "of an or block");
3037 			if (have_state)
3038 				errx(EX_USAGE, "only one of keep-state "
3039 					"and limit is allowed");
3040 			have_state = cmd;
3041 			fill_cmd(cmd, O_KEEP_STATE, 0, 0);
3042 			break;
3043 
3044 		case TOK_LIMIT:
3045 			if (open_par)
3046 				errx(EX_USAGE, "limit cannot be part "
3047 				    "of an or block");
3048 			if (have_state)
3049 				errx(EX_USAGE, "only one of keep-state "
3050 					"and limit is allowed");
3051 			NEED1("limit needs mask and # of connections");
3052 			have_state = cmd;
3053 		    {
3054 			ipfw_insn_limit *c = (ipfw_insn_limit *)cmd;
3055 
3056 			cmd->len = F_INSN_SIZE(ipfw_insn_limit);
3057 			cmd->opcode = O_LIMIT;
3058 			c->limit_mask = 0;
3059 			c->conn_limit = 0;
3060 			for (; ac >1 ;) {
3061 				int val;
3062 
3063 				val = match_token(limit_masks, *av);
3064 				if (val <= 0)
3065 					break;
3066 				c->limit_mask |= val;
3067 				ac--; av++;
3068 			}
3069 			c->conn_limit = atoi(*av);
3070 			if (c->conn_limit == 0)
3071 				errx(EX_USAGE, "limit: limit must be >0");
3072 			if (c->limit_mask == 0)
3073 				errx(EX_USAGE, "missing limit mask");
3074 			ac--; av++;
3075 		    }
3076 			break;
3077 
3078 		case TOK_PROTO:
3079 			NEED1("missing protocol");
3080 			if (add_proto(cmd, *av)) {
3081 				proto = cmd->arg1;
3082 				ac--; av++;
3083 			} else
3084 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid protocol ``%s''", av);
3085 			break;
3086 
3087 		case TOK_SRCIP:
3088 			NEED1("missing source IP");
3089 			if (add_srcip(cmd, *av)) {
3090 				ac--; av++;
3091 			}
3092 			break;
3093 
3094 		case TOK_DSTIP:
3095 			NEED1("missing destination IP");
3096 			if (add_dstip(cmd, *av)) {
3097 				ac--; av++;
3098 			}
3099 			break;
3100 
3101 		case TOK_SRCPORT:
3102 			NEED1("missing source port");
3103 			if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
3104 			    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_SRCPORT)) {
3105 				ac--; av++;
3106 			} else
3107 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid source port %s", *av);
3108 			break;
3109 
3110 		case TOK_DSTPORT:
3111 			NEED1("missing destination port");
3112 			if (!strncmp(*av, "any", strlen(*av)) ||
3113 			    add_ports(cmd, *av, proto, O_IP_DSTPORT)) {
3114 				ac--; av++;
3115 			} else
3116 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid destination port %s",
3117 				    *av);
3118 			break;
3119 
3120 		case TOK_MAC:
3121 			if (ac < 2)
3122 				errx(EX_USAGE, "MAC dst-mac src-mac");
3123 			if (add_mac(cmd, ac, av)) {
3124 				ac -= 2; av += 2;
3125 			}
3126 			break;
3127 
3128 		case TOK_MACTYPE:
3129 			NEED1("missing mac type");
3130 			if (!add_mactype(cmd, ac, *av))
3131 				errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid mac type %s", av);
3132 			ac--; av++;
3133 			break;
3134 
3135 		default:
3136 			errx(EX_USAGE, "unrecognised option [%d] %s\n", i, s);
3137 		}
3138 		if (F_LEN(cmd) > 0) {	/* prepare to advance */
3139 			prev = cmd;
3140 			cmd = next_cmd(cmd);
3141 		}
3142 	}
3143 
3144 done:
3145 	/*
3146 	 * Now copy stuff into the rule.
3147 	 * If we have a keep-state option, the first instruction
3148 	 * must be a PROBE_STATE (which is generated here).
3149 	 * If we have a LOG option, it was stored as the first command,
3150 	 * and now must be moved to the top of the action part.
3151 	 */
3152 	dst = (ipfw_insn *)rule->cmd;
3153 
3154 	/*
3155 	 * First thing to write into the command stream is the match probability.
3156 	 */
3157 	if (match_prob != 1) { /* 1 means always match */
3158 		dst->opcode = O_PROB;
3159 		dst->len = 2;
3160 		*((int32_t *)(dst+1)) = (int32_t)(match_prob * 0x7fffffff);
3161 		dst += dst->len;
3162 	}
3163 
3164 	/*
3165 	 * generate O_PROBE_STATE if necessary
3166 	 */
3167 	if (have_state && have_state->opcode != O_CHECK_STATE) {
3168 		fill_cmd(dst, O_PROBE_STATE, 0, 0);
3169 		dst = next_cmd(dst);
3170 	}
3171 	/*
3172 	 * copy all commands but O_LOG, O_KEEP_STATE, O_LIMIT
3173 	 */
3174 	for (src = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf; src != cmd; src += i) {
3175 		i = F_LEN(src);
3176 
3177 		switch (src->opcode) {
3178 		case O_LOG:
3179 		case O_KEEP_STATE:
3180 		case O_LIMIT:
3181 			break;
3182 		default:
3183 			bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3184 			dst += i;
3185 		}
3186 	}
3187 
3188 	/*
3189 	 * put back the have_state command as last opcode
3190 	 */
3191 	if (have_state && have_state->opcode != O_CHECK_STATE) {
3192 		i = F_LEN(have_state);
3193 		bcopy(have_state, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3194 		dst += i;
3195 	}
3196 	/*
3197 	 * start action section
3198 	 */
3199 	rule->act_ofs = dst - rule->cmd;
3200 
3201 	/*
3202 	 * put back O_LOG if necessary
3203 	 */
3204 	src = (ipfw_insn *)cmdbuf;
3205 	if ( src->opcode == O_LOG ) {
3206 		i = F_LEN(src);
3207 		bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3208 		dst += i;
3209 	}
3210 	/*
3211 	 * copy all other actions
3212 	 */
3213 	for (src = (ipfw_insn *)actbuf; src != action; src += i) {
3214 		i = F_LEN(src);
3215 		bcopy(src, dst, i * sizeof(u_int32_t));
3216 		dst += i;
3217 	}
3218 
3219 	rule->cmd_len = (u_int32_t *)dst - (u_int32_t *)(rule->cmd);
3220 	i = (void *)dst - (void *)rule;
3221 	if (getsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_ADD, rule, &i) == -1)
3222 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "getsockopt(%s)", "IP_FW_ADD");
3223 	if (!do_quiet)
3224 		show_ipfw(rule);
3225 }
3226 
3227 static void
3228 zero(int ac, char *av[])
3229 {
3230 	int rulenum;
3231 	int failed = EX_OK;
3232 
3233 	av++; ac--;
3234 
3235 	if (!ac) {
3236 		/* clear all entries */
3237 		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_ZERO, NULL, 0) < 0)
3238 			err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(%s)", "IP_FW_ZERO");
3239 		if (!do_quiet)
3240 			printf("Accounting cleared.\n");
3241 
3242 		return;
3243 	}
3244 
3245 	while (ac) {
3246 		/* Rule number */
3247 		if (isdigit(**av)) {
3248 			rulenum = atoi(*av);
3249 			av++;
3250 			ac--;
3251 			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP,
3252 			    IP_FW_ZERO, &rulenum, sizeof rulenum)) {
3253 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_ZERO)",
3254 				    rulenum);
3255 				failed = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
3256 			} else if (!do_quiet)
3257 				printf("Entry %d cleared\n", rulenum);
3258 		} else {
3259 			errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid rule number ``%s''", *av);
3260 		}
3261 	}
3262 	if (failed != EX_OK)
3263 		exit(failed);
3264 }
3265 
3266 static void
3267 resetlog(int ac, char *av[])
3268 {
3269 	int rulenum;
3270 	int failed = EX_OK;
3271 
3272 	av++; ac--;
3273 
3274 	if (!ac) {
3275 		/* clear all entries */
3276 		if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_FW_RESETLOG, NULL, 0) < 0)
3277 			err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(IP_FW_RESETLOG)");
3278 		if (!do_quiet)
3279 			printf("Logging counts reset.\n");
3280 
3281 		return;
3282 	}
3283 
3284 	while (ac) {
3285 		/* Rule number */
3286 		if (isdigit(**av)) {
3287 			rulenum = atoi(*av);
3288 			av++;
3289 			ac--;
3290 			if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP,
3291 			    IP_FW_RESETLOG, &rulenum, sizeof rulenum)) {
3292 				warn("rule %u: setsockopt(IP_FW_RESETLOG)",
3293 				    rulenum);
3294 				failed = EX_UNAVAILABLE;
3295 			} else if (!do_quiet)
3296 				printf("Entry %d logging count reset\n",
3297 				    rulenum);
3298 		} else {
3299 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid rule number ``%s''", *av);
3300 		}
3301 	}
3302 	if (failed != EX_OK)
3303 		exit(failed);
3304 }
3305 
3306 static void
3307 flush()
3308 {
3309 	int cmd = do_pipe ? IP_DUMMYNET_FLUSH : IP_FW_FLUSH;
3310 
3311 	if (!do_force && !do_quiet) { /* need to ask user */
3312 		int c;
3313 
3314 		printf("Are you sure? [yn] ");
3315 		fflush(stdout);
3316 		do {
3317 			c = toupper(getc(stdin));
3318 			while (c != '\n' && getc(stdin) != '\n')
3319 				if (feof(stdin))
3320 					return; /* and do not flush */
3321 		} while (c != 'Y' && c != 'N');
3322 		printf("\n");
3323 		if (c == 'N')	/* user said no */
3324 			return;
3325 	}
3326 	if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, cmd, NULL, 0) < 0)
3327 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "setsockopt(IP_%s_FLUSH)",
3328 		    do_pipe ? "DUMMYNET" : "FW");
3329 	if (!do_quiet)
3330 		printf("Flushed all %s.\n", do_pipe ? "pipes" : "rules");
3331 }
3332 
3333 static int
3334 ipfw_main(int ac, char **av)
3335 {
3336 	int ch;
3337 
3338 	if (ac == 1)
3339 		show_usage();
3340 
3341 	/* Set the force flag for non-interactive processes */
3342 	do_force = !isatty(STDIN_FILENO);
3343 
3344 	optind = optreset = 1;
3345 	while ((ch = getopt(ac, av, "hs:acdefNqStv")) != -1)
3346 		switch (ch) {
3347 		case 'h': /* help */
3348 			help();
3349 			break;	/* NOTREACHED */
3350 
3351 		case 's': /* sort */
3352 			do_sort = atoi(optarg);
3353 			break;
3354 		case 'a':
3355 			do_acct = 1;
3356 			break;
3357 		case 'c':
3358 			do_compact = 1;
3359 			break;
3360 		case 'd':
3361 			do_dynamic = 1;
3362 			break;
3363 		case 'e':
3364 			do_expired = 1;
3365 			break;
3366 		case 'f':
3367 			do_force = 1;
3368 			break;
3369 		case 'N':
3370 			do_resolv = 1;
3371 			break;
3372 		case 'q':
3373 			do_quiet = 1;
3374 			break;
3375 		case 'S':
3376 			show_sets = 1;
3377 			break;
3378 		case 't':
3379 			do_time = 1;
3380 			break;
3381 		case 'v': /* verbose */
3382 			verbose++;
3383 			break;
3384 		default:
3385 			show_usage();
3386 		}
3387 
3388 	ac -= optind;
3389 	av += optind;
3390 	NEED1("bad arguments, for usage summary ``ipfw''");
3391 
3392 	/*
3393 	 * optional: pipe or queue
3394 	 */
3395 	if (!strncmp(*av, "pipe", strlen(*av))) {
3396 		do_pipe = 1;
3397 		ac--;
3398 		av++;
3399 	} else if (!strncmp(*av, "queue", strlen(*av))) {
3400 		do_pipe = 2;
3401 		ac--;
3402 		av++;
3403 	}
3404 	NEED1("missing command");
3405 
3406 	/*
3407 	 * for pipes and queues we normally say 'pipe NN config'
3408 	 * but the code is easier to parse as 'pipe config NN'
3409 	 * so we swap the two arguments.
3410 	 */
3411 	if (do_pipe > 0 && ac > 1 && *av[0] >= '0' && *av[0] <= '9') {
3412 		char *p = av[0];
3413 		av[0] = av[1];
3414 		av[1] = p;
3415 	}
3416 	if (!strncmp(*av, "add", strlen(*av)))
3417 		add(ac, av);
3418 	else if (do_pipe && !strncmp(*av, "config", strlen(*av)))
3419 		config_pipe(ac, av);
3420 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "delete", strlen(*av)))
3421 		delete(ac, av);
3422 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "flush", strlen(*av)))
3423 		flush();
3424 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "zero", strlen(*av)))
3425 		zero(ac, av);
3426 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "resetlog", strlen(*av)))
3427 		resetlog(ac, av);
3428 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "print", strlen(*av)) ||
3429 	         !strncmp(*av, "list", strlen(*av)))
3430 		list(ac, av);
3431 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "set", strlen(*av)))
3432 		sets_handler(ac, av);
3433 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "enable", strlen(*av)))
3434 		sysctl_handler(ac, av, 1);
3435 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "disable", strlen(*av)))
3436 		sysctl_handler(ac, av, 0);
3437 	else if (!strncmp(*av, "show", strlen(*av))) {
3438 		do_acct++;
3439 		list(ac, av);
3440 	} else
3441 		errx(EX_USAGE, "bad command `%s'", *av);
3442 	return 0;
3443 }
3444 
3445 
3446 static void
3447 ipfw_readfile(int ac, char *av[])
3448 {
3449 #define MAX_ARGS	32
3450 #define WHITESP		" \t\f\v\n\r"
3451 	char	buf[BUFSIZ];
3452 	char	*a, *p, *args[MAX_ARGS], *cmd = NULL;
3453 	char	linename[10];
3454 	int	i=0, lineno=0, qflag=0, pflag=0, status;
3455 	FILE	*f = NULL;
3456 	pid_t	preproc = 0;
3457 	int	c;
3458 
3459 	while ((c = getopt(ac, av, "p:q")) != -1) {
3460 		switch(c) {
3461 		case 'p':
3462 			pflag = 1;
3463 			cmd = optarg;
3464 			args[0] = cmd;
3465 			i = 1;
3466 			break;
3467 
3468 		case 'q':
3469 			qflag = 1;
3470 			break;
3471 
3472 		default:
3473 			errx(EX_USAGE, "bad arguments, for usage"
3474 			     " summary ``ipfw''");
3475 		}
3476 
3477 		if (pflag)
3478 			break;
3479 	}
3480 
3481 	if (pflag) {
3482 		/* Pass all but the last argument to the preprocessor. */
3483 		while (optind < ac - 1) {
3484 			if (i >= MAX_ARGS)
3485 				errx(EX_USAGE, "too many preprocessor options");
3486 			args[i++] = av[optind++];
3487 		}
3488 	}
3489 
3490 	av += optind;
3491 	ac -= optind;
3492 	if (ac != 1)
3493 		errx(EX_USAGE, "extraneous filename arguments");
3494 
3495 	if ((f = fopen(av[0], "r")) == NULL)
3496 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "fopen: %s", av[0]);
3497 
3498 	if (pflag) {
3499 		/* pipe through preprocessor (cpp or m4) */
3500 		int pipedes[2];
3501 
3502 		args[i] = 0;
3503 
3504 		if (pipe(pipedes) == -1)
3505 			err(EX_OSERR, "cannot create pipe");
3506 
3507 		switch((preproc = fork())) {
3508 		case -1:
3509 			err(EX_OSERR, "cannot fork");
3510 
3511 		case 0:
3512 			/* child */
3513 			if (dup2(fileno(f), 0) == -1
3514 			    || dup2(pipedes[1], 1) == -1)
3515 				err(EX_OSERR, "dup2()");
3516 			fclose(f);
3517 			close(pipedes[1]);
3518 			close(pipedes[0]);
3519 			execvp(cmd, args);
3520 			err(EX_OSERR, "execvp(%s) failed", cmd);
3521 
3522 		default:
3523 			/* parent */
3524 			fclose(f);
3525 			close(pipedes[1]);
3526 			if ((f = fdopen(pipedes[0], "r")) == NULL) {
3527 				int savederrno = errno;
3528 
3529 				(void)kill(preproc, SIGTERM);
3530 				errno = savederrno;
3531 				err(EX_OSERR, "fdopen()");
3532 			}
3533 		}
3534 	}
3535 
3536 	while (fgets(buf, BUFSIZ, f)) {
3537 		lineno++;
3538 		sprintf(linename, "Line %d", lineno);
3539 		args[0] = linename;
3540 
3541 		if (*buf == '#')
3542 			continue;
3543 		if ((p = strchr(buf, '#')) != NULL)
3544 			*p = '\0';
3545 		i = 1;
3546 		if (qflag)
3547 			args[i++] = "-q";
3548 		for (a = strtok(buf, WHITESP);
3549 		    a && i < MAX_ARGS; a = strtok(NULL, WHITESP), i++)
3550 			args[i] = a;
3551 		if (i == (qflag? 2: 1))
3552 			continue;
3553 		if (i == MAX_ARGS)
3554 			errx(EX_USAGE, "%s: too many arguments",
3555 			    linename);
3556 		args[i] = NULL;
3557 
3558 		ipfw_main(i, args);
3559 	}
3560 	fclose(f);
3561 	if (pflag) {
3562 		if (waitpid(preproc, &status, 0) == -1)
3563 			errx(EX_OSERR, "waitpid()");
3564 		if (WIFEXITED(status) && WEXITSTATUS(status) != EX_OK)
3565 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
3566 			    "preprocessor exited with status %d",
3567 			    WEXITSTATUS(status));
3568 		else if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
3569 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,
3570 			    "preprocessor exited with signal %d",
3571 			    WTERMSIG(status));
3572 	}
3573 }
3574 
3575 int
3576 main(int ac, char *av[])
3577 {
3578 	s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_RAW);
3579 	if (s < 0)
3580 		err(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "socket");
3581 
3582 	/*
3583 	 * If the last argument is an absolute pathname, interpret it
3584 	 * as a file to be preprocessed.
3585 	 */
3586 
3587 	if (ac > 1 && av[ac - 1][0] == '/' && access(av[ac - 1], R_OK) == 0)
3588 		ipfw_readfile(ac, av);
3589 	else
3590 		ipfw_main(ac, av);
3591 	return EX_OK;
3592 }
3593