xref: /freebsd/sbin/init/init.c (revision 9124ddeb4a551977cf6b2218291e7c666ce25f47)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
6  * Donn Seeley at Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #ifndef lint
34 static const char copyright[] =
35 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993\n\
36 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
37 #endif /* not lint */
38 
39 #ifndef lint
40 #if 0
41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)init.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 7/15/93";
42 #endif
43 static const char rcsid[] =
44   "$FreeBSD$";
45 #endif /* not lint */
46 
47 #include <sys/param.h>
48 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
49 #include <sys/mount.h>
50 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
51 #include <sys/wait.h>
52 #include <sys/stat.h>
53 #include <sys/uio.h>
54 
55 #include <db.h>
56 #include <errno.h>
57 #include <fcntl.h>
58 #include <kenv.h>
59 #include <libutil.h>
60 #include <paths.h>
61 #include <signal.h>
62 #include <stdio.h>
63 #include <stdlib.h>
64 #include <string.h>
65 #include <syslog.h>
66 #include <time.h>
67 #include <ttyent.h>
68 #include <unistd.h>
69 #include <sys/reboot.h>
70 #include <err.h>
71 
72 #include <stdarg.h>
73 
74 #ifdef SECURE
75 #include <pwd.h>
76 #endif
77 
78 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
79 #include <login_cap.h>
80 #endif
81 
82 #include "pathnames.h"
83 
84 /*
85  * Sleep times; used to prevent thrashing.
86  */
87 #define	GETTY_SPACING		 5	/* N secs minimum getty spacing */
88 #define	GETTY_SLEEP		30	/* sleep N secs after spacing problem */
89 #define	GETTY_NSPACE		 3	/* max. spacing count to bring reaction */
90 #define	WINDOW_WAIT		 3	/* wait N secs after starting window */
91 #define	STALL_TIMEOUT		30	/* wait N secs after warning */
92 #define	DEATH_WATCH		10	/* wait N secs for procs to die */
93 #define	DEATH_SCRIPT		120	/* wait for 2min for /etc/rc.shutdown */
94 #define	RESOURCE_RC		"daemon"
95 #define	RESOURCE_WINDOW		"default"
96 #define	RESOURCE_GETTY		"default"
97 
98 static void handle(sig_t, ...);
99 static void delset(sigset_t *, ...);
100 
101 static void stall(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
102 static void warning(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
103 static void emergency(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
104 static void disaster(int);
105 static void badsys(int);
106 static int  runshutdown(void);
107 static char *strk(char *);
108 
109 /*
110  * We really need a recursive typedef...
111  * The following at least guarantees that the return type of (*state_t)()
112  * is sufficiently wide to hold a function pointer.
113  */
114 typedef long (*state_func_t)(void);
115 typedef state_func_t (*state_t)(void);
116 
117 static state_func_t single_user(void);
118 static state_func_t runcom(void);
119 static state_func_t read_ttys(void);
120 static state_func_t multi_user(void);
121 static state_func_t clean_ttys(void);
122 static state_func_t catatonia(void);
123 static state_func_t death(void);
124 static state_func_t death_single(void);
125 
126 static state_func_t run_script(const char *);
127 
128 static enum { AUTOBOOT, FASTBOOT } runcom_mode = AUTOBOOT;
129 #define FALSE	0
130 #define TRUE	1
131 
132 static int Reboot = FALSE;
133 static int howto = RB_AUTOBOOT;
134 
135 static int devfs;
136 
137 static void transition(state_t);
138 static state_t requested_transition;
139 static state_t current_state = death_single;
140 
141 static void setctty(const char *);
142 static const char *get_shell(void);
143 static void write_stderr(const char *message);
144 
145 typedef struct init_session {
146 	int	se_index;		/* index of entry in ttys file */
147 	pid_t	se_process;		/* controlling process */
148 	time_t	se_started;		/* used to avoid thrashing */
149 	int	se_flags;		/* status of session */
150 #define	SE_SHUTDOWN	0x1		/* session won't be restarted */
151 #define	SE_PRESENT	0x2		/* session is in /etc/ttys */
152 	int	se_nspace;		/* spacing count */
153 	char	*se_device;		/* filename of port */
154 	char	*se_getty;		/* what to run on that port */
155 	char	*se_getty_argv_space;   /* pre-parsed argument array space */
156 	char	**se_getty_argv;	/* pre-parsed argument array */
157 	char	*se_window;		/* window system (started only once) */
158 	char	*se_window_argv_space;  /* pre-parsed argument array space */
159 	char	**se_window_argv;	/* pre-parsed argument array */
160 	char	*se_type;		/* default terminal type */
161 	struct	init_session *se_prev;
162 	struct	init_session *se_next;
163 } session_t;
164 
165 static void free_session(session_t *);
166 static session_t *new_session(session_t *, int, struct ttyent *);
167 static session_t *sessions;
168 
169 static char **construct_argv(char *);
170 static void start_window_system(session_t *);
171 static void collect_child(pid_t);
172 static pid_t start_getty(session_t *);
173 static void transition_handler(int);
174 static void alrm_handler(int);
175 static void setsecuritylevel(int);
176 static int getsecuritylevel(void);
177 static int setupargv(session_t *, struct ttyent *);
178 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
179 static void setprocresources(const char *);
180 #endif
181 static int clang;
182 
183 static int start_session_db(void);
184 static void add_session(session_t *);
185 static void del_session(session_t *);
186 static session_t *find_session(pid_t);
187 static DB *session_db;
188 
189 /*
190  * The mother of all processes.
191  */
192 int
193 main(int argc, char *argv[])
194 {
195 	state_t initial_transition = runcom;
196 	char kenv_value[PATH_MAX];
197 	int c;
198 	struct sigaction sa;
199 	sigset_t mask;
200 
201 	/* Dispose of random users. */
202 	if (getuid() != 0)
203 		errx(1, "%s", strerror(EPERM));
204 
205 	/* System V users like to reexec init. */
206 	if (getpid() != 1) {
207 #ifdef COMPAT_SYSV_INIT
208 		/* So give them what they want */
209 		if (argc > 1) {
210 			if (strlen(argv[1]) == 1) {
211 				char runlevel = *argv[1];
212 				int sig;
213 
214 				switch (runlevel) {
215 				case '0': /* halt + poweroff */
216 					sig = SIGUSR2;
217 					break;
218 				case '1': /* single-user */
219 					sig = SIGTERM;
220 					break;
221 				case '6': /* reboot */
222 					sig = SIGINT;
223 					break;
224 				case 'c': /* block further logins */
225 					sig = SIGTSTP;
226 					break;
227 				case 'q': /* rescan /etc/ttys */
228 					sig = SIGHUP;
229 					break;
230 				default:
231 					goto invalid;
232 				}
233 				kill(1, sig);
234 				_exit(0);
235 			} else
236 invalid:
237 				errx(1, "invalid run-level ``%s''", argv[1]);
238 		} else
239 #endif
240 			errx(1, "already running");
241 	}
242 	/*
243 	 * Note that this does NOT open a file...
244 	 * Does 'init' deserve its own facility number?
245 	 */
246 	openlog("init", LOG_CONS|LOG_ODELAY, LOG_AUTH);
247 
248 	/*
249 	 * Create an initial session.
250 	 */
251 	if (setsid() < 0)
252 		warning("initial setsid() failed: %m");
253 
254 	/*
255 	 * Establish an initial user so that programs running
256 	 * single user do not freak out and die (like passwd).
257 	 */
258 	if (setlogin("root") < 0)
259 		warning("setlogin() failed: %m");
260 
261 	/*
262 	 * This code assumes that we always get arguments through flags,
263 	 * never through bits set in some random machine register.
264 	 */
265 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "dsf")) != -1)
266 		switch (c) {
267 		case 'd':
268 			devfs = 1;
269 			break;
270 		case 's':
271 			initial_transition = single_user;
272 			break;
273 		case 'f':
274 			runcom_mode = FASTBOOT;
275 			break;
276 		default:
277 			warning("unrecognized flag '-%c'", c);
278 			break;
279 		}
280 
281 	if (optind != argc)
282 		warning("ignoring excess arguments");
283 
284 	/*
285 	 * We catch or block signals rather than ignore them,
286 	 * so that they get reset on exec.
287 	 */
288 	handle(badsys, SIGSYS, 0);
289 	handle(disaster, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, SIGXCPU,
290 	    SIGXFSZ, 0);
291 	handle(transition_handler, SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP, SIGUSR1,
292 	    SIGUSR2, 0);
293 	handle(alrm_handler, SIGALRM, 0);
294 	sigfillset(&mask);
295 	delset(&mask, SIGABRT, SIGFPE, SIGILL, SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, SIGSYS,
296 	    SIGXCPU, SIGXFSZ, SIGHUP, SIGINT, SIGTERM, SIGTSTP, SIGALRM,
297 	    SIGUSR1, SIGUSR2, 0);
298 	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
299 	sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
300 	sa.sa_flags = 0;
301 	sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
302 	sigaction(SIGTTIN, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
303 	sigaction(SIGTTOU, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
304 
305 	/*
306 	 * Paranoia.
307 	 */
308 	close(0);
309 	close(1);
310 	close(2);
311 
312 	if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_script", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) {
313 		state_func_t next_transition;
314 
315 		if ((next_transition = run_script(kenv_value)) != 0)
316 			initial_transition = (state_t) next_transition;
317 	}
318 
319 	if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_chroot", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0) {
320 		if (chdir(kenv_value) != 0 || chroot(".") != 0)
321 			warning("Can't chroot to %s: %m", kenv_value);
322 	}
323 
324 	/*
325 	 * Additional check if devfs needs to be mounted:
326 	 * If "/" and "/dev" have the same device number,
327 	 * then it hasn't been mounted yet.
328 	 */
329 	if (!devfs) {
330 		struct stat stst;
331 		dev_t root_devno;
332 
333 		stat("/", &stst);
334 		root_devno = stst.st_dev;
335 		if (stat("/dev", &stst) != 0)
336 			warning("Can't stat /dev: %m");
337 		else if (stst.st_dev == root_devno)
338 			devfs++;
339 	}
340 
341 	if (devfs) {
342 		struct iovec iov[4];
343 		char *s;
344 		int i;
345 
346 		char _fstype[]	= "fstype";
347 		char _devfs[]	= "devfs";
348 		char _fspath[]	= "fspath";
349 		char _path_dev[]= _PATH_DEV;
350 
351 		iov[0].iov_base = _fstype;
352 		iov[0].iov_len = sizeof(_fstype);
353 		iov[1].iov_base = _devfs;
354 		iov[1].iov_len = sizeof(_devfs);
355 		iov[2].iov_base = _fspath;
356 		iov[2].iov_len = sizeof(_fspath);
357 		/*
358 		 * Try to avoid the trailing slash in _PATH_DEV.
359 		 * Be *very* defensive.
360 		 */
361 		s = strdup(_PATH_DEV);
362 		if (s != NULL) {
363 			i = strlen(s);
364 			if (i > 0 && s[i - 1] == '/')
365 				s[i - 1] = '\0';
366 			iov[3].iov_base = s;
367 			iov[3].iov_len = strlen(s) + 1;
368 		} else {
369 			iov[3].iov_base = _path_dev;
370 			iov[3].iov_len = sizeof(_path_dev);
371 		}
372 		nmount(iov, 4, 0);
373 		if (s != NULL)
374 			free(s);
375 	}
376 
377 	/*
378 	 * Start the state machine.
379 	 */
380 	transition(initial_transition);
381 
382 	/*
383 	 * Should never reach here.
384 	 */
385 	return 1;
386 }
387 
388 /*
389  * Associate a function with a signal handler.
390  */
391 static void
392 handle(sig_t handler, ...)
393 {
394 	int sig;
395 	struct sigaction sa;
396 	sigset_t mask_everything;
397 	va_list ap;
398 	va_start(ap, handler);
399 
400 	sa.sa_handler = handler;
401 	sigfillset(&mask_everything);
402 
403 	while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) != 0) {
404 		sa.sa_mask = mask_everything;
405 		/* XXX SA_RESTART? */
406 		sa.sa_flags = sig == SIGCHLD ? SA_NOCLDSTOP : 0;
407 		sigaction(sig, &sa, (struct sigaction *) 0);
408 	}
409 	va_end(ap);
410 }
411 
412 /*
413  * Delete a set of signals from a mask.
414  */
415 static void
416 delset(sigset_t *maskp, ...)
417 {
418 	int sig;
419 	va_list ap;
420 	va_start(ap, maskp);
421 
422 	while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) != 0)
423 		sigdelset(maskp, sig);
424 	va_end(ap);
425 }
426 
427 /*
428  * Log a message and sleep for a while (to give someone an opportunity
429  * to read it and to save log or hardcopy output if the problem is chronic).
430  * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
431  */
432 static void
433 stall(const char *message, ...)
434 {
435 	va_list ap;
436 	va_start(ap, message);
437 
438 	vsyslog(LOG_ALERT, message, ap);
439 	va_end(ap);
440 	sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
441 }
442 
443 /*
444  * Like stall(), but doesn't sleep.
445  * If cpp had variadic macros, the two functions could be #defines for another.
446  * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
447  */
448 static void
449 warning(const char *message, ...)
450 {
451 	va_list ap;
452 	va_start(ap, message);
453 
454 	vsyslog(LOG_ALERT, message, ap);
455 	va_end(ap);
456 }
457 
458 /*
459  * Log an emergency message.
460  * NB: should send a message to the session logger to avoid blocking.
461  */
462 static void
463 emergency(const char *message, ...)
464 {
465 	va_list ap;
466 	va_start(ap, message);
467 
468 	vsyslog(LOG_EMERG, message, ap);
469 	va_end(ap);
470 }
471 
472 /*
473  * Catch a SIGSYS signal.
474  *
475  * These may arise if a system does not support sysctl.
476  * We tolerate up to 25 of these, then throw in the towel.
477  */
478 static void
479 badsys(int sig)
480 {
481 	static int badcount = 0;
482 
483 	if (badcount++ < 25)
484 		return;
485 	disaster(sig);
486 }
487 
488 /*
489  * Catch an unexpected signal.
490  */
491 static void
492 disaster(int sig)
493 {
494 
495 	emergency("fatal signal: %s",
496 	    (unsigned)sig < NSIG ? sys_siglist[sig] : "unknown signal");
497 
498 	sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
499 	_exit(sig);		/* reboot */
500 }
501 
502 /*
503  * Get the security level of the kernel.
504  */
505 static int
506 getsecuritylevel(void)
507 {
508 #ifdef KERN_SECURELVL
509 	int name[2], curlevel;
510 	size_t len;
511 
512 	name[0] = CTL_KERN;
513 	name[1] = KERN_SECURELVL;
514 	len = sizeof curlevel;
515 	if (sysctl(name, 2, &curlevel, &len, NULL, 0) == -1) {
516 		emergency("cannot get kernel security level: %s",
517 		    strerror(errno));
518 		return (-1);
519 	}
520 	return (curlevel);
521 #else
522 	return (-1);
523 #endif
524 }
525 
526 /*
527  * Set the security level of the kernel.
528  */
529 static void
530 setsecuritylevel(int newlevel)
531 {
532 #ifdef KERN_SECURELVL
533 	int name[2], curlevel;
534 
535 	curlevel = getsecuritylevel();
536 	if (newlevel == curlevel)
537 		return;
538 	name[0] = CTL_KERN;
539 	name[1] = KERN_SECURELVL;
540 	if (sysctl(name, 2, NULL, NULL, &newlevel, sizeof newlevel) == -1) {
541 		emergency(
542 		    "cannot change kernel security level from %d to %d: %s",
543 		    curlevel, newlevel, strerror(errno));
544 		return;
545 	}
546 #ifdef SECURE
547 	warning("kernel security level changed from %d to %d",
548 	    curlevel, newlevel);
549 #endif
550 #endif
551 }
552 
553 /*
554  * Change states in the finite state machine.
555  * The initial state is passed as an argument.
556  */
557 static void
558 transition(state_t s)
559 {
560 
561 	current_state = s;
562 	for (;;)
563 		current_state = (state_t) (*current_state)();
564 }
565 
566 /*
567  * Start a session and allocate a controlling terminal.
568  * Only called by children of init after forking.
569  */
570 static void
571 setctty(const char *name)
572 {
573 	int fd;
574 
575 	revoke(name);
576 	if ((fd = open(name, O_RDWR)) == -1) {
577 		stall("can't open %s: %m", name);
578 		_exit(1);
579 	}
580 	if (login_tty(fd) == -1) {
581 		stall("can't get %s for controlling terminal: %m", name);
582 		_exit(1);
583 	}
584 }
585 
586 static const char *
587 get_shell(void)
588 {
589 	static char kenv_value[PATH_MAX];
590 
591 	if (kenv(KENV_GET, "init_shell", kenv_value, sizeof(kenv_value)) > 0)
592 		return kenv_value;
593 	else
594 		return _PATH_BSHELL;
595 }
596 
597 static void
598 write_stderr(const char *message)
599 {
600 
601 	write(STDERR_FILENO, message, strlen(message));
602 }
603 
604 /*
605  * Bring the system up single user.
606  */
607 static state_func_t
608 single_user(void)
609 {
610 	pid_t pid, wpid;
611 	int status;
612 	sigset_t mask;
613 	const char *shell;
614 	char *argv[2];
615 #ifdef SECURE
616 	struct ttyent *typ;
617 	struct passwd *pp;
618 	static const char banner[] =
619 		"Enter root password, or ^D to go multi-user\n";
620 	char *clear, *password;
621 #endif
622 #ifdef DEBUGSHELL
623 	char altshell[128];
624 #endif
625 
626 	if (Reboot) {
627 		/* Instead of going single user, let's reboot the machine */
628 		sync();
629 		alarm(2);
630 		pause();
631 		reboot(howto);
632 		_exit(0);
633 	}
634 
635 	shell = get_shell();
636 
637 	if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
638 		/*
639 		 * Start the single user session.
640 		 */
641 		setctty(_PATH_CONSOLE);
642 
643 #ifdef SECURE
644 		/*
645 		 * Check the root password.
646 		 * We don't care if the console is 'on' by default;
647 		 * it's the only tty that can be 'off' and 'secure'.
648 		 */
649 		typ = getttynam("console");
650 		pp = getpwnam("root");
651 		if (typ && (typ->ty_status & TTY_SECURE) == 0 &&
652 		    pp && *pp->pw_passwd) {
653 			write_stderr(banner);
654 			for (;;) {
655 				clear = getpass("Password:");
656 				if (clear == 0 || *clear == '\0')
657 					_exit(0);
658 				password = crypt(clear, pp->pw_passwd);
659 				bzero(clear, _PASSWORD_LEN);
660 				if (password == NULL ||
661 				    strcmp(password, pp->pw_passwd) == 0)
662 					break;
663 				warning("single-user login failed\n");
664 			}
665 		}
666 		endttyent();
667 		endpwent();
668 #endif /* SECURE */
669 
670 #ifdef DEBUGSHELL
671 		{
672 			char *cp = altshell;
673 			int num;
674 
675 #define	SHREQUEST "Enter full pathname of shell or RETURN for "
676 			write_stderr(SHREQUEST);
677 			write_stderr(shell);
678 			write_stderr(": ");
679 			while ((num = read(STDIN_FILENO, cp, 1)) != -1 &&
680 			    num != 0 && *cp != '\n' && cp < &altshell[127])
681 				cp++;
682 			*cp = '\0';
683 			if (altshell[0] != '\0')
684 				shell = altshell;
685 		}
686 #endif /* DEBUGSHELL */
687 
688 		/*
689 		 * Unblock signals.
690 		 * We catch all the interesting ones,
691 		 * and those are reset to SIG_DFL on exec.
692 		 */
693 		sigemptyset(&mask);
694 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
695 
696 		/*
697 		 * Fire off a shell.
698 		 * If the default one doesn't work, try the Bourne shell.
699 		 */
700 
701 		char name[] = "-sh";
702 
703 		argv[0] = name;
704 		argv[1] = 0;
705 		execv(shell, argv);
706 		emergency("can't exec %s for single user: %m", shell);
707 		execv(_PATH_BSHELL, argv);
708 		emergency("can't exec %s for single user: %m", _PATH_BSHELL);
709 		sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
710 		_exit(1);
711 	}
712 
713 	if (pid == -1) {
714 		/*
715 		 * We are seriously hosed.  Do our best.
716 		 */
717 		emergency("can't fork single-user shell, trying again");
718 		while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
719 			continue;
720 		return (state_func_t) single_user;
721 	}
722 
723 	requested_transition = 0;
724 	do {
725 		if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
726 			collect_child(wpid);
727 		if (wpid == -1) {
728 			if (errno == EINTR)
729 				continue;
730 			warning("wait for single-user shell failed: %m; restarting");
731 			return (state_func_t) single_user;
732 		}
733 		if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
734 			warning("init: shell stopped, restarting\n");
735 			kill(pid, SIGCONT);
736 			wpid = -1;
737 		}
738 	} while (wpid != pid && !requested_transition);
739 
740 	if (requested_transition)
741 		return (state_func_t) requested_transition;
742 
743 	if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
744 		if (WTERMSIG(status) == SIGKILL) {
745 			/*
746 			 *  reboot(8) killed shell?
747 			 */
748 			warning("single user shell terminated.");
749 			sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
750 			_exit(0);
751 		} else {
752 			warning("single user shell terminated, restarting");
753 			return (state_func_t) single_user;
754 		}
755 	}
756 
757 	runcom_mode = FASTBOOT;
758 	return (state_func_t) runcom;
759 }
760 
761 /*
762  * Run the system startup script.
763  */
764 static state_func_t
765 runcom(void)
766 {
767 	state_func_t next_transition;
768 
769 	if ((next_transition = run_script(_PATH_RUNCOM)) != 0)
770 		return next_transition;
771 
772 	runcom_mode = AUTOBOOT;		/* the default */
773 	return (state_func_t) read_ttys;
774 }
775 
776 /*
777  * Run a shell script.
778  * Returns 0 on success, otherwise the next transition to enter:
779  *  - single_user if fork/execv/waitpid failed, or if the script
780  *    terminated with a signal or exit code != 0.
781  *  - death_single if a SIGTERM was delivered to init(8).
782  */
783 static state_func_t
784 run_script(const char *script)
785 {
786 	pid_t pid, wpid;
787 	int status;
788 	char *argv[4];
789 	const char *shell;
790 	struct sigaction sa;
791 
792 	shell = get_shell();
793 
794 	if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
795 		sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
796 		sa.sa_flags = 0;
797 		sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
798 		sigaction(SIGTSTP, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
799 		sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
800 
801 		setctty(_PATH_CONSOLE);
802 
803 		char _sh[]		= "sh";
804 		char _autoboot[]	= "autoboot";
805 
806 		argv[0] = _sh;
807 		argv[1] = __DECONST(char *, script);
808 		argv[2] = runcom_mode == AUTOBOOT ? _autoboot : 0;
809 		argv[3] = 0;
810 
811 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sa.sa_mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
812 
813 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
814 		setprocresources(RESOURCE_RC);
815 #endif
816 		execv(shell, argv);
817 		stall("can't exec %s for %s: %m", shell, script);
818 		_exit(1);	/* force single user mode */
819 	}
820 
821 	if (pid == -1) {
822 		emergency("can't fork for %s on %s: %m", shell, script);
823 		while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
824 			continue;
825 		sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
826 		return (state_func_t) single_user;
827 	}
828 
829 	/*
830 	 * Copied from single_user().  This is a bit paranoid.
831 	 */
832 	requested_transition = 0;
833 	do {
834 		if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
835 			collect_child(wpid);
836 		if (wpid == -1) {
837 			if (requested_transition == death_single)
838 				return (state_func_t) death_single;
839 			if (errno == EINTR)
840 				continue;
841 			warning("wait for %s on %s failed: %m; going to "
842 			    "single user mode", shell, script);
843 			return (state_func_t) single_user;
844 		}
845 		if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
846 			warning("init: %s on %s stopped, restarting\n",
847 			    shell, script);
848 			kill(pid, SIGCONT);
849 			wpid = -1;
850 		}
851 	} while (wpid != pid);
852 
853 	if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGTERM &&
854 	    requested_transition == catatonia) {
855 		/* /etc/rc executed /sbin/reboot; wait for the end quietly */
856 		sigset_t s;
857 
858 		sigfillset(&s);
859 		for (;;)
860 			sigsuspend(&s);
861 	}
862 
863 	if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
864 		warning("%s on %s terminated abnormally, going to single "
865 		    "user mode", shell, script);
866 		return (state_func_t) single_user;
867 	}
868 
869 	if (WEXITSTATUS(status))
870 		return (state_func_t) single_user;
871 
872 	return (state_func_t) 0;
873 }
874 
875 /*
876  * Open the session database.
877  *
878  * NB: We could pass in the size here; is it necessary?
879  */
880 static int
881 start_session_db(void)
882 {
883 	if (session_db && (*session_db->close)(session_db))
884 		emergency("session database close: %s", strerror(errno));
885 	if ((session_db = dbopen(NULL, O_RDWR, 0, DB_HASH, NULL)) == 0) {
886 		emergency("session database open: %s", strerror(errno));
887 		return (1);
888 	}
889 	return (0);
890 
891 }
892 
893 /*
894  * Add a new login session.
895  */
896 static void
897 add_session(session_t *sp)
898 {
899 	DBT key;
900 	DBT data;
901 
902 	key.data = &sp->se_process;
903 	key.size = sizeof sp->se_process;
904 	data.data = &sp;
905 	data.size = sizeof sp;
906 
907 	if ((*session_db->put)(session_db, &key, &data, 0))
908 		emergency("insert %d: %s", sp->se_process, strerror(errno));
909 }
910 
911 /*
912  * Delete an old login session.
913  */
914 static void
915 del_session(session_t *sp)
916 {
917 	DBT key;
918 
919 	key.data = &sp->se_process;
920 	key.size = sizeof sp->se_process;
921 
922 	if ((*session_db->del)(session_db, &key, 0))
923 		emergency("delete %d: %s", sp->se_process, strerror(errno));
924 }
925 
926 /*
927  * Look up a login session by pid.
928  */
929 static session_t *
930 find_session(pid_t pid)
931 {
932 	DBT key;
933 	DBT data;
934 	session_t *ret;
935 
936 	key.data = &pid;
937 	key.size = sizeof pid;
938 	if ((*session_db->get)(session_db, &key, &data, 0) != 0)
939 		return 0;
940 	bcopy(data.data, (char *)&ret, sizeof(ret));
941 	return ret;
942 }
943 
944 /*
945  * Construct an argument vector from a command line.
946  */
947 static char **
948 construct_argv(char *command)
949 {
950 	int argc = 0;
951 	char **argv = (char **) malloc(((strlen(command) + 1) / 2 + 1)
952 						* sizeof (char *));
953 
954 	if ((argv[argc++] = strk(command)) == 0) {
955 		free(argv);
956 		return (NULL);
957 	}
958 	while ((argv[argc++] = strk((char *) 0)) != NULL)
959 		continue;
960 	return argv;
961 }
962 
963 /*
964  * Deallocate a session descriptor.
965  */
966 static void
967 free_session(session_t *sp)
968 {
969 	free(sp->se_device);
970 	if (sp->se_getty) {
971 		free(sp->se_getty);
972 		free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
973 		free(sp->se_getty_argv);
974 	}
975 	if (sp->se_window) {
976 		free(sp->se_window);
977 		free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
978 		free(sp->se_window_argv);
979 	}
980 	if (sp->se_type)
981 		free(sp->se_type);
982 	free(sp);
983 }
984 
985 /*
986  * Allocate a new session descriptor.
987  * Mark it SE_PRESENT.
988  */
989 static session_t *
990 new_session(session_t *sprev, int session_index, struct ttyent *typ)
991 {
992 	session_t *sp;
993 	int fd;
994 
995 	if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_ON) == 0 ||
996 	    typ->ty_name == 0 ||
997 	    typ->ty_getty == 0)
998 		return 0;
999 
1000 	sp = (session_t *) calloc(1, sizeof (session_t));
1001 
1002 	sp->se_index = session_index;
1003 	sp->se_flags |= SE_PRESENT;
1004 
1005 	sp->se_device = malloc(sizeof(_PATH_DEV) + strlen(typ->ty_name));
1006 	sprintf(sp->se_device, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, typ->ty_name);
1007 
1008 	/*
1009 	 * Attempt to open the device, if we get "device not configured"
1010 	 * then don't add the device to the session list.
1011 	 */
1012 	if ((fd = open(sp->se_device, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK, 0)) < 0) {
1013 		if (errno == ENXIO) {
1014 			free_session(sp);
1015 			return (0);
1016 		}
1017 	} else
1018 		close(fd);
1019 
1020 	if (setupargv(sp, typ) == 0) {
1021 		free_session(sp);
1022 		return (0);
1023 	}
1024 
1025 	sp->se_next = 0;
1026 	if (sprev == 0) {
1027 		sessions = sp;
1028 		sp->se_prev = 0;
1029 	} else {
1030 		sprev->se_next = sp;
1031 		sp->se_prev = sprev;
1032 	}
1033 
1034 	return sp;
1035 }
1036 
1037 /*
1038  * Calculate getty and if useful window argv vectors.
1039  */
1040 static int
1041 setupargv(session_t *sp, struct ttyent *typ)
1042 {
1043 
1044 	if (sp->se_getty) {
1045 		free(sp->se_getty);
1046 		free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1047 		free(sp->se_getty_argv);
1048 	}
1049 	sp->se_getty = malloc(strlen(typ->ty_getty) + strlen(typ->ty_name) + 2);
1050 	sprintf(sp->se_getty, "%s %s", typ->ty_getty, typ->ty_name);
1051 	sp->se_getty_argv_space = strdup(sp->se_getty);
1052 	sp->se_getty_argv = construct_argv(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1053 	if (sp->se_getty_argv == 0) {
1054 		warning("can't parse getty for port %s", sp->se_device);
1055 		free(sp->se_getty);
1056 		free(sp->se_getty_argv_space);
1057 		sp->se_getty = sp->se_getty_argv_space = 0;
1058 		return (0);
1059 	}
1060 	if (sp->se_window) {
1061 		free(sp->se_window);
1062 		free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1063 		free(sp->se_window_argv);
1064 	}
1065 	sp->se_window = sp->se_window_argv_space = 0;
1066 	sp->se_window_argv = 0;
1067 	if (typ->ty_window) {
1068 		sp->se_window = strdup(typ->ty_window);
1069 		sp->se_window_argv_space = strdup(sp->se_window);
1070 		sp->se_window_argv = construct_argv(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1071 		if (sp->se_window_argv == 0) {
1072 			warning("can't parse window for port %s",
1073 			    sp->se_device);
1074 			free(sp->se_window_argv_space);
1075 			free(sp->se_window);
1076 			sp->se_window = sp->se_window_argv_space = 0;
1077 			return (0);
1078 		}
1079 	}
1080 	if (sp->se_type)
1081 		free(sp->se_type);
1082 	sp->se_type = typ->ty_type ? strdup(typ->ty_type) : 0;
1083 	return (1);
1084 }
1085 
1086 /*
1087  * Walk the list of ttys and create sessions for each active line.
1088  */
1089 static state_func_t
1090 read_ttys(void)
1091 {
1092 	int session_index = 0;
1093 	session_t *sp, *snext;
1094 	struct ttyent *typ;
1095 
1096 	/*
1097 	 * Destroy any previous session state.
1098 	 * There shouldn't be any, but just in case...
1099 	 */
1100 	for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = snext) {
1101 		snext = sp->se_next;
1102 		free_session(sp);
1103 	}
1104 	sessions = 0;
1105 	if (start_session_db())
1106 		return (state_func_t) single_user;
1107 
1108 	/*
1109 	 * Allocate a session entry for each active port.
1110 	 * Note that sp starts at 0.
1111 	 */
1112 	while ((typ = getttyent()) != NULL)
1113 		if ((snext = new_session(sp, ++session_index, typ)) != NULL)
1114 			sp = snext;
1115 
1116 	endttyent();
1117 
1118 	return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1119 }
1120 
1121 /*
1122  * Start a window system running.
1123  */
1124 static void
1125 start_window_system(session_t *sp)
1126 {
1127 	pid_t pid;
1128 	sigset_t mask;
1129 	char term[64], *env[2];
1130 	int status;
1131 
1132 	if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1133 		emergency("can't fork for window system on port %s: %m",
1134 		    sp->se_device);
1135 		/* hope that getty fails and we can try again */
1136 		return;
1137 	}
1138 	if (pid) {
1139 		waitpid(-1, &status, 0);
1140 		return;
1141 	}
1142 
1143 	/* reparent window process to the init to not make a zombie on exit */
1144 	if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1145 		emergency("can't fork for window system on port %s: %m",
1146 		    sp->se_device);
1147 		_exit(1);
1148 	}
1149 	if (pid)
1150 		_exit(0);
1151 
1152 	sigemptyset(&mask);
1153 	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
1154 
1155 	if (setsid() < 0)
1156 		emergency("setsid failed (window) %m");
1157 
1158 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
1159 	setprocresources(RESOURCE_WINDOW);
1160 #endif
1161 	if (sp->se_type) {
1162 		/* Don't use malloc after fork */
1163 		strcpy(term, "TERM=");
1164 		strncat(term, sp->se_type, sizeof(term) - 6);
1165 		env[0] = term;
1166 		env[1] = 0;
1167 	}
1168 	else
1169 		env[0] = 0;
1170 	execve(sp->se_window_argv[0], sp->se_window_argv, env);
1171 	stall("can't exec window system '%s' for port %s: %m",
1172 		sp->se_window_argv[0], sp->se_device);
1173 	_exit(1);
1174 }
1175 
1176 /*
1177  * Start a login session running.
1178  */
1179 static pid_t
1180 start_getty(session_t *sp)
1181 {
1182 	pid_t pid;
1183 	sigset_t mask;
1184 	time_t current_time = time((time_t *) 0);
1185 	int too_quick = 0;
1186 	char term[64], *env[2];
1187 
1188 	if (current_time >= sp->se_started &&
1189 	    current_time - sp->se_started < GETTY_SPACING) {
1190 		if (++sp->se_nspace > GETTY_NSPACE) {
1191 			sp->se_nspace = 0;
1192 			too_quick = 1;
1193 		}
1194 	} else
1195 		sp->se_nspace = 0;
1196 
1197 	/*
1198 	 * fork(), not vfork() -- we can't afford to block.
1199 	 */
1200 	if ((pid = fork()) == -1) {
1201 		emergency("can't fork for getty on port %s: %m", sp->se_device);
1202 		return -1;
1203 	}
1204 
1205 	if (pid)
1206 		return pid;
1207 
1208 	if (too_quick) {
1209 		warning("getty repeating too quickly on port %s, sleeping %d secs",
1210 		    sp->se_device, GETTY_SLEEP);
1211 		sleep((unsigned) GETTY_SLEEP);
1212 	}
1213 
1214 	if (sp->se_window) {
1215 		start_window_system(sp);
1216 		sleep(WINDOW_WAIT);
1217 	}
1218 
1219 	sigemptyset(&mask);
1220 	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
1221 
1222 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
1223 	setprocresources(RESOURCE_GETTY);
1224 #endif
1225 	if (sp->se_type) {
1226 		/* Don't use malloc after fork */
1227 		strcpy(term, "TERM=");
1228 		strncat(term, sp->se_type, sizeof(term) - 6);
1229 		env[0] = term;
1230 		env[1] = 0;
1231 	} else
1232 		env[0] = 0;
1233 	execve(sp->se_getty_argv[0], sp->se_getty_argv, env);
1234 	stall("can't exec getty '%s' for port %s: %m",
1235 		sp->se_getty_argv[0], sp->se_device);
1236 	_exit(1);
1237 }
1238 
1239 /*
1240  * Collect exit status for a child.
1241  * If an exiting login, start a new login running.
1242  */
1243 static void
1244 collect_child(pid_t pid)
1245 {
1246 	session_t *sp, *sprev, *snext;
1247 
1248 	if (! sessions)
1249 		return;
1250 
1251 	if (! (sp = find_session(pid)))
1252 		return;
1253 
1254 	del_session(sp);
1255 	sp->se_process = 0;
1256 
1257 	if (sp->se_flags & SE_SHUTDOWN) {
1258 		if ((sprev = sp->se_prev) != NULL)
1259 			sprev->se_next = sp->se_next;
1260 		else
1261 			sessions = sp->se_next;
1262 		if ((snext = sp->se_next) != NULL)
1263 			snext->se_prev = sp->se_prev;
1264 		free_session(sp);
1265 		return;
1266 	}
1267 
1268 	if ((pid = start_getty(sp)) == -1) {
1269 		/* serious trouble */
1270 		requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1271 		return;
1272 	}
1273 
1274 	sp->se_process = pid;
1275 	sp->se_started = time((time_t *) 0);
1276 	add_session(sp);
1277 }
1278 
1279 /*
1280  * Catch a signal and request a state transition.
1281  */
1282 static void
1283 transition_handler(int sig)
1284 {
1285 
1286 	switch (sig) {
1287 	case SIGHUP:
1288 		if (current_state == read_ttys || current_state == multi_user ||
1289 		    current_state == clean_ttys || current_state == catatonia)
1290 			requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1291 		break;
1292 	case SIGUSR2:
1293 		howto = RB_POWEROFF;
1294 	case SIGUSR1:
1295 		howto |= RB_HALT;
1296 	case SIGINT:
1297 		Reboot = TRUE;
1298 	case SIGTERM:
1299 		if (current_state == read_ttys || current_state == multi_user ||
1300 		    current_state == clean_ttys || current_state == catatonia)
1301 			requested_transition = death;
1302 		else
1303 			requested_transition = death_single;
1304 		break;
1305 	case SIGTSTP:
1306 		if (current_state == runcom || current_state == read_ttys ||
1307 		    current_state == clean_ttys ||
1308 		    current_state == multi_user || current_state == catatonia)
1309 			requested_transition = catatonia;
1310 		break;
1311 	default:
1312 		requested_transition = 0;
1313 		break;
1314 	}
1315 }
1316 
1317 /*
1318  * Take the system multiuser.
1319  */
1320 static state_func_t
1321 multi_user(void)
1322 {
1323 	pid_t pid;
1324 	session_t *sp;
1325 
1326 	requested_transition = 0;
1327 
1328 	/*
1329 	 * If the administrator has not set the security level to -1
1330 	 * to indicate that the kernel should not run multiuser in secure
1331 	 * mode, and the run script has not set a higher level of security
1332 	 * than level 1, then put the kernel into secure mode.
1333 	 */
1334 	if (getsecuritylevel() == 0)
1335 		setsecuritylevel(1);
1336 
1337 	for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) {
1338 		if (sp->se_process)
1339 			continue;
1340 		if ((pid = start_getty(sp)) == -1) {
1341 			/* serious trouble */
1342 			requested_transition = clean_ttys;
1343 			break;
1344 		}
1345 		sp->se_process = pid;
1346 		sp->se_started = time((time_t *) 0);
1347 		add_session(sp);
1348 	}
1349 
1350 	while (!requested_transition)
1351 		if ((pid = waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, 0)) != -1)
1352 			collect_child(pid);
1353 
1354 	return (state_func_t) requested_transition;
1355 }
1356 
1357 /*
1358  * This is an (n*2)+(n^2) algorithm.  We hope it isn't run often...
1359  */
1360 static state_func_t
1361 clean_ttys(void)
1362 {
1363 	session_t *sp, *sprev;
1364 	struct ttyent *typ;
1365 	int session_index = 0;
1366 	int devlen;
1367 	char *old_getty, *old_window, *old_type;
1368 
1369 	/*
1370 	 * mark all sessions for death, (!SE_PRESENT)
1371 	 * as we find or create new ones they'll be marked as keepers,
1372 	 * we'll later nuke all the ones not found in /etc/ttys
1373 	 */
1374 	for (sp = sessions; sp != NULL; sp = sp->se_next)
1375 		sp->se_flags &= ~SE_PRESENT;
1376 
1377 	devlen = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
1378 	while ((typ = getttyent()) != NULL) {
1379 		++session_index;
1380 
1381 		for (sprev = 0, sp = sessions; sp; sprev = sp, sp = sp->se_next)
1382 			if (strcmp(typ->ty_name, sp->se_device + devlen) == 0)
1383 				break;
1384 
1385 		if (sp) {
1386 			/* we want this one to live */
1387 			sp->se_flags |= SE_PRESENT;
1388 			if (sp->se_index != session_index) {
1389 				warning("port %s changed utmp index from %d to %d",
1390 				       sp->se_device, sp->se_index,
1391 				       session_index);
1392 				sp->se_index = session_index;
1393 			}
1394 			if ((typ->ty_status & TTY_ON) == 0 ||
1395 			    typ->ty_getty == 0) {
1396 				sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1397 				kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1398 				continue;
1399 			}
1400 			sp->se_flags &= ~SE_SHUTDOWN;
1401 			old_getty = sp->se_getty ? strdup(sp->se_getty) : 0;
1402 			old_window = sp->se_window ? strdup(sp->se_window) : 0;
1403 			old_type = sp->se_type ? strdup(sp->se_type) : 0;
1404 			if (setupargv(sp, typ) == 0) {
1405 				warning("can't parse getty for port %s",
1406 					sp->se_device);
1407 				sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1408 				kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1409 			}
1410 			else if (   !old_getty
1411 				 || (!old_type && sp->se_type)
1412 				 || (old_type && !sp->se_type)
1413 				 || (!old_window && sp->se_window)
1414 				 || (old_window && !sp->se_window)
1415 				 || (strcmp(old_getty, sp->se_getty) != 0)
1416 				 || (old_window && strcmp(old_window, sp->se_window) != 0)
1417 				 || (old_type && strcmp(old_type, sp->se_type) != 0)
1418 				) {
1419 				/* Don't set SE_SHUTDOWN here */
1420 				sp->se_nspace = 0;
1421 				sp->se_started = 0;
1422 				kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1423 			}
1424 			if (old_getty)
1425 				free(old_getty);
1426 			if (old_window)
1427 				free(old_window);
1428 			if (old_type)
1429 				free(old_type);
1430 			continue;
1431 		}
1432 
1433 		new_session(sprev, session_index, typ);
1434 	}
1435 
1436 	endttyent();
1437 
1438 	/*
1439 	 * sweep through and kill all deleted sessions
1440 	 * ones who's /etc/ttys line was deleted (SE_PRESENT unset)
1441 	 */
1442 	for (sp = sessions; sp != NULL; sp = sp->se_next) {
1443 		if ((sp->se_flags & SE_PRESENT) == 0) {
1444 			sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1445 			kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1446 		}
1447 	}
1448 
1449 	return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1450 }
1451 
1452 /*
1453  * Block further logins.
1454  */
1455 static state_func_t
1456 catatonia(void)
1457 {
1458 	session_t *sp;
1459 
1460 	for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next)
1461 		sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1462 
1463 	return (state_func_t) multi_user;
1464 }
1465 
1466 /*
1467  * Note SIGALRM.
1468  */
1469 static void
1470 alrm_handler(int sig)
1471 {
1472 
1473 	(void)sig;
1474 	clang = 1;
1475 }
1476 
1477 /*
1478  * Bring the system down to single user.
1479  */
1480 static state_func_t
1481 death(void)
1482 {
1483 	session_t *sp;
1484 
1485 	/*
1486 	 * Also revoke the TTY here.  Because runshutdown() may reopen
1487 	 * the TTY whose getty we're killing here, there is no guarantee
1488 	 * runshutdown() will perform the initial open() call, causing
1489 	 * the terminal attributes to be misconfigured.
1490 	 */
1491 	for (sp = sessions; sp; sp = sp->se_next) {
1492 		sp->se_flags |= SE_SHUTDOWN;
1493 		kill(sp->se_process, SIGHUP);
1494 		revoke(sp->se_device);
1495 	}
1496 
1497 	/* Try to run the rc.shutdown script within a period of time */
1498 	runshutdown();
1499 
1500 	return (state_func_t) death_single;
1501 }
1502 
1503 /*
1504  * Do what is necessary to reinitialize single user mode or reboot
1505  * from an incomplete state.
1506  */
1507 static state_func_t
1508 death_single(void)
1509 {
1510 	int i;
1511 	pid_t pid;
1512 	static const int death_sigs[2] = { SIGTERM, SIGKILL };
1513 
1514 	revoke(_PATH_CONSOLE);
1515 
1516 	for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
1517 		if (kill(-1, death_sigs[i]) == -1 && errno == ESRCH)
1518 			return (state_func_t) single_user;
1519 
1520 		clang = 0;
1521 		alarm(DEATH_WATCH);
1522 		do
1523 			if ((pid = waitpid(-1, (int *)0, 0)) != -1)
1524 				collect_child(pid);
1525 		while (clang == 0 && errno != ECHILD);
1526 
1527 		if (errno == ECHILD)
1528 			return (state_func_t) single_user;
1529 	}
1530 
1531 	warning("some processes would not die; ps axl advised");
1532 
1533 	return (state_func_t) single_user;
1534 }
1535 
1536 /*
1537  * Run the system shutdown script.
1538  *
1539  * Exit codes:      XXX I should document more
1540  * -2       shutdown script terminated abnormally
1541  * -1       fatal error - can't run script
1542  * 0        good.
1543  * >0       some error (exit code)
1544  */
1545 static int
1546 runshutdown(void)
1547 {
1548 	pid_t pid, wpid;
1549 	int status;
1550 	int shutdowntimeout;
1551 	size_t len;
1552 	char *argv[4];
1553 	const char *shell;
1554 	struct sigaction sa;
1555 	struct stat sb;
1556 
1557 	/*
1558 	 * rc.shutdown is optional, so to prevent any unnecessary
1559 	 * complaints from the shell we simply don't run it if the
1560 	 * file does not exist. If the stat() here fails for other
1561 	 * reasons, we'll let the shell complain.
1562 	 */
1563 	if (stat(_PATH_RUNDOWN, &sb) == -1 && errno == ENOENT)
1564 		return 0;
1565 
1566 	shell = get_shell();
1567 
1568 	if ((pid = fork()) == 0) {
1569 		sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
1570 		sa.sa_flags = 0;
1571 		sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
1572 		sigaction(SIGTSTP, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
1573 		sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa, (struct sigaction *)0);
1574 
1575 		setctty(_PATH_CONSOLE);
1576 
1577 		char _sh[]	= "sh";
1578 		char _reboot[]	= "reboot";
1579 		char _single[]	= "single";
1580 		char _path_rundown[] = _PATH_RUNDOWN;
1581 
1582 		argv[0] = _sh;
1583 		argv[1] = _path_rundown;
1584 		argv[2] = Reboot ? _reboot : _single;
1585 		argv[3] = 0;
1586 
1587 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &sa.sa_mask, (sigset_t *) 0);
1588 
1589 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
1590 		setprocresources(RESOURCE_RC);
1591 #endif
1592 		execv(shell, argv);
1593 		warning("can't exec %s for %s: %m", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1594 		_exit(1);	/* force single user mode */
1595 	}
1596 
1597 	if (pid == -1) {
1598 		emergency("can't fork for %s on %s: %m", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1599 		while (waitpid(-1, (int *) 0, WNOHANG) > 0)
1600 			continue;
1601 		sleep(STALL_TIMEOUT);
1602 		return -1;
1603 	}
1604 
1605 	len = sizeof(shutdowntimeout);
1606 	if (sysctlbyname("kern.init_shutdown_timeout", &shutdowntimeout, &len,
1607 	    NULL, 0) == -1 || shutdowntimeout < 2)
1608 		shutdowntimeout = DEATH_SCRIPT;
1609 	alarm(shutdowntimeout);
1610 	clang = 0;
1611 	/*
1612 	 * Copied from single_user().  This is a bit paranoid.
1613 	 * Use the same ALRM handler.
1614 	 */
1615 	do {
1616 		if ((wpid = waitpid(-1, &status, WUNTRACED)) != -1)
1617 			collect_child(wpid);
1618 		if (clang == 1) {
1619 			/* we were waiting for the sub-shell */
1620 			kill(wpid, SIGTERM);
1621 			warning("timeout expired for %s on %s: %m; going to "
1622 			    "single user mode", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1623 			return -1;
1624 		}
1625 		if (wpid == -1) {
1626 			if (errno == EINTR)
1627 				continue;
1628 			warning("wait for %s on %s failed: %m; going to "
1629 			    "single user mode", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1630 			return -1;
1631 		}
1632 		if (wpid == pid && WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
1633 			warning("init: %s on %s stopped, restarting\n",
1634 				shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1635 			kill(pid, SIGCONT);
1636 			wpid = -1;
1637 		}
1638 	} while (wpid != pid && !clang);
1639 
1640 	/* Turn off the alarm */
1641 	alarm(0);
1642 
1643 	if (WIFSIGNALED(status) && WTERMSIG(status) == SIGTERM &&
1644 	    requested_transition == catatonia) {
1645 		/*
1646 		 * /etc/rc.shutdown executed /sbin/reboot;
1647 		 * wait for the end quietly
1648 		 */
1649 		sigset_t s;
1650 
1651 		sigfillset(&s);
1652 		for (;;)
1653 			sigsuspend(&s);
1654 	}
1655 
1656 	if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
1657 		warning("%s on %s terminated abnormally, going to "
1658 		    "single user mode", shell, _PATH_RUNDOWN);
1659 		return -2;
1660 	}
1661 
1662 	if ((status = WEXITSTATUS(status)) != 0)
1663 		warning("%s returned status %d", _PATH_RUNDOWN, status);
1664 
1665 	return status;
1666 }
1667 
1668 static char *
1669 strk(char *p)
1670 {
1671 	static char *t;
1672 	char *q;
1673 	int c;
1674 
1675 	if (p)
1676 		t = p;
1677 	if (!t)
1678 		return 0;
1679 
1680 	c = *t;
1681 	while (c == ' ' || c == '\t' )
1682 		c = *++t;
1683 	if (!c) {
1684 		t = 0;
1685 		return 0;
1686 	}
1687 	q = t;
1688 	if (c == '\'') {
1689 		c = *++t;
1690 		q = t;
1691 		while (c && c != '\'')
1692 			c = *++t;
1693 		if (!c)  /* unterminated string */
1694 			q = t = 0;
1695 		else
1696 			*t++ = 0;
1697 	} else {
1698 		while (c && c != ' ' && c != '\t' )
1699 			c = *++t;
1700 		*t++ = 0;
1701 		if (!c)
1702 			t = 0;
1703 	}
1704 	return q;
1705 }
1706 
1707 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
1708 static void
1709 setprocresources(const char *cname)
1710 {
1711 	login_cap_t *lc;
1712 	if ((lc = login_getclassbyname(cname, NULL)) != NULL) {
1713 		setusercontext(lc, (struct passwd*)NULL, 0,
1714 		    LOGIN_SETPRIORITY | LOGIN_SETRESOURCES);
1715 		login_close(lc);
1716 	}
1717 }
1718 #endif
1719