xref: /freebsd/sbin/init/init.8 (revision 5fda0d60c1e004d6581f29c006635a51cee81349)
18fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
28fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
38fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\"
48fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
58fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" Donn Seeley at Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
68fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\"
78fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
88fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
98fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" are met:
108fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
118fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
128fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
138fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
148fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15fbbd9655SWarner Losh.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
168fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
178fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\"    without specific prior written permission.
188fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\"
198fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
208fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
218fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
228fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
238fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
248fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
258fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
268fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
278fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
288fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
298fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
308fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\"
318fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\"     @(#)init.8	8.3 (Berkeley) 4/18/94
327f3dea24SPeter Wemm.\" $FreeBSD$
338fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.\"
34*5fda0d60SAndriy Gapon.Dd August 6, 2019
358fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Dt INIT 8
369fe48c6eSRuslan Ermilov.Os
378fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Sh NAME
388fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Nm init
398fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Nd process control initialization
408fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Sh SYNOPSIS
417c7fb079SRuslan Ermilov.Nm
427c7fb079SRuslan Ermilov.Nm
431681d659SRuslan Ermilov.Oo
441681d659SRuslan Ermilov.Cm 0 | 1 | 6 |
451681d659SRuslan Ermilov.Cm c | q
461681d659SRuslan Ermilov.Oc
478fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Sh DESCRIPTION
488fae3551SRodney W. GrimesThe
495df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
50e1205e80SPhilippe Charnierutility
518fae3551SRodney W. Grimesis the last stage of the boot process.
528fae3551SRodney W. GrimesIt normally runs the automatic reboot sequence as described in
531681d659SRuslan Ermilov.Xr rc 8 ,
548fae3551SRodney W. Grimesand if this succeeds, begins multi-user operation.
558fae3551SRodney W. GrimesIf the reboot scripts fail,
565df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
571681d659SRuslan Ermilovcommences single-user operation by giving
588fae3551SRodney W. Grimesthe super-user a shell on the console.
598fae3551SRodney W. GrimesThe
605df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
61e1205e80SPhilippe Charnierutility may be passed parameters
628fae3551SRodney W. Grimesfrom the boot program to
638fae3551SRodney W. Grimesprevent the system from going multi-user and to instead execute
641681d659SRuslan Ermilova single-user shell without starting the normal daemons.
658fae3551SRodney W. GrimesThe system is then quiescent for maintenance work and may
668fae3551SRodney W. Grimeslater be made to go to multi-user by exiting the
678fae3551SRodney W. Grimessingle-user shell (with ^D).
688fae3551SRodney W. GrimesThis
698fae3551SRodney W. Grimescauses
705df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
718fae3551SRodney W. Grimesto run the
728fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Pa /etc/rc
738fae3551SRodney W. Grimesstart up command file in fastboot mode (skipping disk checks).
748fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Pp
758fae3551SRodney W. GrimesIf the
765df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Em console
778fae3551SRodney W. Grimesentry in the
788fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Xr ttys 5
791681d659SRuslan Ermilovfile is marked
801681d659SRuslan Ermilov.Dq insecure ,
818fae3551SRodney W. Grimesthen
825df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
831681d659SRuslan Ermilovwill require that the super-user password be
848fae3551SRodney W. Grimesentered before the system will start a single-user shell.
858fae3551SRodney W. GrimesThe password check is skipped if the
865df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Em console
871681d659SRuslan Ermilovis marked as
881681d659SRuslan Ermilov.Dq secure .
895469cc0eSEdward Tomasz NapieralaNote that the password check does not protect from variables
905469cc0eSEdward Tomasz Napieralasuch as
915469cc0eSEdward Tomasz Napierala.Va init_script
925469cc0eSEdward Tomasz Napieralabeing set from the
935469cc0eSEdward Tomasz Napierala.Xr loader 8
945469cc0eSEdward Tomasz Napieralacommand line; see the
955469cc0eSEdward Tomasz Napierala.Sx SECURITY
965469cc0eSEdward Tomasz Napieralasection of
975469cc0eSEdward Tomasz Napierala.Xr loader 8 .
988fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Pp
99e17c0e32SGary W. SwearingenIf the system security level (see
100e17c0e32SGary W. Swearingen.Xr security 7 )
101e17c0e32SGary W. Swearingenis initially nonzero, then
1025df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
10338058917SBruce Evansleaves it unchanged.
10438058917SBruce EvansOtherwise,
1055df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
10667b661fdSSheldon Hearnraises the level to 1 before going multi-user for the first time.
10701de0116SSheldon HearnSince the level cannot be reduced, it will be at least 1 for
10801de0116SSheldon Hearnsubsequent operation, even on return to single-user.
10967b661fdSSheldon HearnIf a level higher than 1 is desired while running multi-user,
11067b661fdSSheldon Hearnit can be set before going multi-user, e.g., by the startup script
11167b661fdSSheldon Hearn.Xr rc 8 ,
1128fae3551SRodney W. Grimesusing
1136ebaa024SJoseph Koshy.Xr sysctl 8
1146ebaa024SJoseph Koshyto set the
115280b191cSKen Smith.Va kern.securelevel
1166ebaa024SJoseph Koshyvariable to the required security level.
1178fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Pp
118280b191cSKen SmithIf
119280b191cSKen Smith.Nm
120d04b5dfeSRuslan Ermilovis run in a jail, the security level of the
121280b191cSKen Smith.Dq host system
1227090a0c6SRalf S. Engelschallwill not be affected.
123280b191cSKen SmithPart of the information set up in the kernel to support a jail
124e17c0e32SGary W. Swearingenis a per-jail security level.
125280b191cSKen SmithThis allows running a higher security level inside of a jail
126280b191cSKen Smiththan that of the host system.
127280b191cSKen SmithSee
128280b191cSKen Smith.Xr jail 8
129280b191cSKen Smithfor more information about jails.
130280b191cSKen Smith.Pp
1318fae3551SRodney W. GrimesIn multi-user operation,
1325df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
1338fae3551SRodney W. Grimesmaintains
1348fae3551SRodney W. Grimesprocesses for the terminal ports found in the file
1358fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Xr ttys 5 .
136e1205e80SPhilippe CharnierThe
137e1205e80SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
138e1205e80SPhilippe Charnierutility reads this file and executes the command found in the second field,
139f0f4f756SSheldon Hearnunless the first field refers to a device in
140f0f4f756SSheldon Hearn.Pa /dev
141f0f4f756SSheldon Hearnwhich is not configured.
142f0f4f756SSheldon HearnThe first field is supplied as the final argument to the command.
1438fae3551SRodney W. GrimesThis command is usually
1448fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Xr getty 8 ;
145edf0e5b3SMike Pritchard.Nm getty
1468fae3551SRodney W. Grimesopens and initializes the tty line
1478fae3551SRodney W. Grimesand
1488fae3551SRodney W. Grimesexecutes the
149edf0e5b3SMike Pritchard.Xr login 1
1508fae3551SRodney W. Grimesprogram.
1518fae3551SRodney W. GrimesThe
152edf0e5b3SMike Pritchard.Nm login
1538fae3551SRodney W. Grimesprogram, when a valid user logs in,
1549806e231SRuslan Ermilovexecutes a shell for that user.
1559806e231SRuslan ErmilovWhen this shell
1568fae3551SRodney W. Grimesdies, either because the user logged out
1578fae3551SRodney W. Grimesor an abnormal termination occurred (a signal),
158c21ae3a4SEd Schoutenthe cycle is restarted by
1598fae3551SRodney W. Grimesexecuting a new
160edf0e5b3SMike Pritchard.Nm getty
1618fae3551SRodney W. Grimesfor the line.
1628fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Pp
163e1205e80SPhilippe CharnierThe
164e1205e80SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
165e1205e80SPhilippe Charnierutility can also be used to keep arbitrary daemons running,
166f0f4f756SSheldon Hearnautomatically restarting them if they die.
167f0f4f756SSheldon HearnIn this case, the first field in the
168f0f4f756SSheldon Hearn.Xr ttys 5
169f0f4f756SSheldon Hearnfile must not reference the path to a configured device node
170f0f4f756SSheldon Hearnand will be passed to the daemon
171f0f4f756SSheldon Hearnas the final argument on its command line.
172f0f4f756SSheldon HearnThis is similar to the facility offered in the
173f0f4f756SSheldon Hearn.At V
174f0f4f756SSheldon Hearn.Pa /etc/inittab .
175f0f4f756SSheldon Hearn.Pp
1768fae3551SRodney W. GrimesLine status (on, off, secure, getty, or window information)
1778fae3551SRodney W. Grimesmay be changed in the
178edf0e5b3SMike Pritchard.Xr ttys 5
1798fae3551SRodney W. Grimesfile without a reboot by sending the signal
1808fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Dv SIGHUP
1818fae3551SRodney W. Grimesto
1825df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
1838fae3551SRodney W. Grimeswith the command
1848fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Dq Li "kill -HUP 1" .
1858fae3551SRodney W. GrimesOn receipt of this signal,
1865df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
1878fae3551SRodney W. Grimesre-reads the
188edf0e5b3SMike Pritchard.Xr ttys 5
1898fae3551SRodney W. Grimesfile.
1908fae3551SRodney W. GrimesWhen a line is turned off in
191edf0e5b3SMike Pritchard.Xr ttys 5 ,
1925df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
1938fae3551SRodney W. Grimeswill send a SIGHUP signal to the controlling process
1948fae3551SRodney W. Grimesfor the session associated with the line.
1958fae3551SRodney W. GrimesFor any lines that were previously turned off in the
196edf0e5b3SMike Pritchard.Xr ttys 5
1978fae3551SRodney W. Grimesfile and are now on,
1985df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
199f0f4f756SSheldon Hearnexecutes the command specified in the second field.
200f0f4f756SSheldon HearnIf the command or window field for a line is changed,
2018fae3551SRodney W. Grimesthe change takes effect at the end of the current
2028fae3551SRodney W. Grimeslogin session (e.g., the next time
2035df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
2048fae3551SRodney W. Grimesstarts a process on the line).
2058fae3551SRodney W. GrimesIf a line is commented out or deleted from
206edf0e5b3SMike Pritchard.Xr ttys 5 ,
2075df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
2088fae3551SRodney W. Grimeswill not do anything at all to that line.
2098fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Pp
210e1205e80SPhilippe CharnierThe
211e1205e80SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
212e1205e80SPhilippe Charnierutility will terminate multi-user operations and resume single-user mode
2138fae3551SRodney W. Grimesif sent a terminate
2148fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Pq Dv TERM
2158fae3551SRodney W. Grimessignal, for example,
2168fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Dq Li "kill \-TERM 1" .
2178fae3551SRodney W. GrimesIf there are processes outstanding that are deadlocked (because of
2188fae3551SRodney W. Grimeshardware or software failure),
2195df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
2208fae3551SRodney W. Grimeswill not wait for them all to die (which might take forever), but
2218fae3551SRodney W. Grimeswill time out after 30 seconds and print a warning message.
2228fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Pp
223e1205e80SPhilippe CharnierThe
224e1205e80SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
225e1205e80SPhilippe Charnierutility will cease creating new processes
2268fae3551SRodney W. Grimesand allow the system to slowly die away, if it is sent a terminal stop
2278fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Pq Dv TSTP
22857e4378bSRuslan Ermilovsignal, i.e.\&
2298fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Dq Li "kill \-TSTP 1" .
2308fae3551SRodney W. GrimesA later hangup will resume full
2311681d659SRuslan Ermilovmulti-user operations, or a terminate will start a single-user shell.
2328fae3551SRodney W. GrimesThis hook is used by
2338fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Xr reboot 8
2348fae3551SRodney W. Grimesand
2358fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Xr halt 8 .
2368fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Pp
237e1205e80SPhilippe CharnierThe
238e1205e80SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
239e1205e80SPhilippe Charnierutility will terminate all possible processes (again, it will not wait
240e460cfd3SNate Williamsfor deadlocked processes) and reboot the machine if sent the interrupt
241e460cfd3SNate Williams.Pq Dv INT
24257e4378bSRuslan Ermilovsignal, i.e.\&
243e460cfd3SNate Williams.Dq Li "kill \-INT 1".
244e460cfd3SNate WilliamsThis is useful for shutting the machine down cleanly from inside the kernel
2454f3cac8fSAdam Davidor from X when the machine appears to be hung.
246e460cfd3SNate Williams.Pp
247e1205e80SPhilippe CharnierThe
248e1205e80SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
249e1205e80SPhilippe Charnierutility will do the same, except it will halt the machine if sent
250a0a549c7SRuslan Ermilovthe user defined signal 1
251a0a549c7SRuslan Ermilov.Pq Dv USR1 ,
2521681d659SRuslan Ermilovor will halt and turn the power off (if hardware permits) if sent
253a0a549c7SRuslan Ermilovthe user defined signal 2
254a0a549c7SRuslan Ermilov.Pq Dv USR2 .
255a0a549c7SRuslan Ermilov.Pp
2566ebaa024SJoseph KoshyWhen shutting down the machine,
2575df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
2588889c700SDavid Nugentwill try to run the
2598889c700SDavid Nugent.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown
260ef8f7ac9SSheldon Hearnscript.
261ef8f7ac9SSheldon HearnThis script can be used to cleanly terminate specific programs such
2628889c700SDavid Nugentas
2638889c700SDavid Nugent.Nm innd
2648889c700SDavid Nugent(the InterNetNews server).
265724447acSRalf S. EngelschallIf this script does not terminate within 120 seconds,
266724447acSRalf S. Engelschall.Nm
2674e9e907dSRuslan Ermilovwill terminate it.
2684e9e907dSRuslan ErmilovThe timeout can be configured via the
269724447acSRalf S. Engelschall.Xr sysctl 8
270724447acSRalf S. Engelschallvariable
271724447acSRalf S. Engelschall.Va kern.init_shutdown_timeout .
2728889c700SDavid Nugent.Pp
273*5fda0d60SAndriy Gapon.Nm init
274*5fda0d60SAndriy Gaponpasses
275*5fda0d60SAndriy Gapon.Dq Li single
276*5fda0d60SAndriy Gaponas the argument to the shutdown script if return to single-user mode
277*5fda0d60SAndriy Gaponis requested.
278*5fda0d60SAndriy GaponOtherwise,
279*5fda0d60SAndriy Gapon.Dq Li reboot
280*5fda0d60SAndriy Gaponargument is used.
281*5fda0d60SAndriy Gapon.Pp
2828fae3551SRodney W. GrimesThe role of
2835df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
2848fae3551SRodney W. Grimesis so critical that if it dies, the system will reboot itself
2858fae3551SRodney W. Grimesautomatically.
2868fae3551SRodney W. GrimesIf, at bootstrap time, the
2875df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Nm
2888fae3551SRodney W. Grimesprocess cannot be located, the system will panic with the message
2891681d659SRuslan Ermilov.Dq "panic: init died (signal %d, exit %d)" .
2901681d659SRuslan Ermilov.Pp
2915d94d8b6SRuslan ErmilovIf run as a user process as shown in the second synopsis line,
2921681d659SRuslan Ermilov.Nm
2931681d659SRuslan Ermilovwill emulate
2941681d659SRuslan Ermilov.At V
2959806e231SRuslan Ermilovbehavior, i.e., super-user can specify the desired
2961681d659SRuslan Ermilov.Em run-level
2971681d659SRuslan Ermilovon a command line, and
2981681d659SRuslan Ermilov.Nm
2991681d659SRuslan Ermilovwill signal the original
300c4d9468eSRuslan Ermilov(PID 1)
3011681d659SRuslan Ermilov.Nm
3021681d659SRuslan Ermilovas follows:
3031681d659SRuslan Ermilov.Bl -column Run-level SIGTERM
304c2965cd1SJoel Dahl.It Sy "Run-level	Signal	Action"
305ef159a1bSEdward Tomasz Napierala.It Cm 0 Ta Dv SIGUSR1 Ta "Halt"
3061681d659SRuslan Ermilov.It Cm 0 Ta Dv SIGUSR2 Ta "Halt and turn the power off"
30735c1d16eSWarner Losh.It Cm 0 Ta Dv SIGWINCH Ta "Halt and turn the power off and then back on"
3081681d659SRuslan Ermilov.It Cm 1 Ta Dv SIGTERM Ta "Go to single-user mode"
3091681d659SRuslan Ermilov.It Cm 6 Ta Dv SIGINT Ta "Reboot the machine"
3101681d659SRuslan Ermilov.It Cm c Ta Dv SIGTSTP Ta "Block further logins"
3111681d659SRuslan Ermilov.It Cm q Ta Dv SIGHUP Ta Rescan the
3121681d659SRuslan Ermilov.Xr ttys 5
3131681d659SRuslan Ermilovfile
3141681d659SRuslan Ermilov.El
315fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Sh KERNEL ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
316fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz NapieralaThe following
317fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Xr kenv 2
318fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralavariables are available as
319fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Xr loader 8
320fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralatunables:
321fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Bl -tag -width indent
322fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.It Va init_chroot
323fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz NapieralaIf set to a valid directory in the root file system, it causes
324fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Nm
325fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralato perform a
326fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Xr chroot 2
327fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralaoperation on that directory, making it the new root directory.
328fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz NapieralaThat happens before entering single-user mode or multi-user
329fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralamode (but after executing the
330fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Va init_script
331fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralaif enabled).
332fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz NapieralaThis functionality has generally been eclipsed by rerooting.
333fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz NapieralaSee
334fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Xr reboot 8
335fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Fl r
336fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralafor details.
337335fe94fSEdward Tomasz Napierala.It Va init_exec
338335fe94fSEdward Tomasz NapieralaIf set to a valid file name in the root file system,
339335fe94fSEdward Tomasz Napieralainstructs
340335fe94fSEdward Tomasz Napierala.Nm
341335fe94fSEdward Tomasz Napieralato directly execute that file as the very first action,
342335fe94fSEdward Tomasz Napieralareplacing
343335fe94fSEdward Tomasz Napierala.Nm
344335fe94fSEdward Tomasz Napieralaas PID 1.
345fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.It Va init_script
346fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz NapieralaIf set to a valid file name in the root file system,
347fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralainstructs
348fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Nm
349fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralato run that script as the very first action,
350fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralabefore doing anything else.
351fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz NapieralaSignal handling and exit code interpretation is similar to
352fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralarunning the
353fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Pa /etc/rc
354fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralascript.
355fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz NapieralaIn particular, single-user operation is enforced
356fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralaif the script terminates with a non-zero exit code,
357fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralaor if a SIGTERM is delivered to the
358fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Nm
359fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralaprocess (PID 1).
360fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz NapieralaThis functionality has generally been eclipsed by rerooting.
361fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz NapieralaSee
362fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Xr reboot 8
363fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Fl r
364fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralafor details.
365fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.It Va init_shell
366fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz NapieralaDefines the shell binary to be used for executing the various shell scripts.
367fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz NapieralaThe default is
368fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Dq Li /bin/sh .
369fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz NapieralaIt is used for running the
370335fe94fSEdward Tomasz Napierala.Va init_exec
371335fe94fSEdward Tomasz Napieralaor
372fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Va init_script
373fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralaif set, as well as for the
374fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Pa /etc/rc
375fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralaand
376fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown
377fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralascripts.
378fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz NapieralaThe value of the corresponding
379fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Xr kenv 2
380fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralavariable is evaluated every time
381fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Nm
382fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralacalls a shell script, so it can be changed later on using the
383fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Xr kenv 1
384fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralautility.
385fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz NapieralaIn particular, if a non-default shell is used for running an
386fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Va init_script ,
387fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralait might be desirable to have that script reset the value of
388fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Va init_shell
389fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralaback to the default, so that the
390fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Pa /etc/rc
391fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napieralascript is executed with the standard shell
392fdfbf127SEdward Tomasz Napierala.Pa /bin/sh .
3938fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Sh FILES
3944c2c7b2cSEd Schouten.Bl -tag -width /var/log/init.log -compact
3958fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.It Pa /dev/console
3965df42cf4SPhilippe Charniersystem console device
3978fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.It Pa /dev/tty*
3985df42cf4SPhilippe Charnierterminal ports found in
3995df42cf4SPhilippe Charnier.Xr ttys 5
4008fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.It Pa /etc/ttys
4015df42cf4SPhilippe Charnierthe terminal initialization information file
4028fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.It Pa /etc/rc
4035df42cf4SPhilippe Charniersystem startup commands
4048889c700SDavid Nugent.It Pa /etc/rc.shutdown
4055df42cf4SPhilippe Charniersystem shutdown commands
4064c2c7b2cSEd Schouten.It Pa /var/log/init.log
4074c2c7b2cSEd Schoutenlog of
4084c2c7b2cSEd Schouten.Xr rc 8
4094c2c7b2cSEd Schoutenoutput if the system console device is not available
4108fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.El
4116087df9eSRuslan Ermilov.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
4126087df9eSRuslan Ermilov.Bl -diag
4136087df9eSRuslan Ermilov.It "getty repeating too quickly on port %s, sleeping."
4146087df9eSRuslan ErmilovA process being started to service a line is exiting quickly
4156087df9eSRuslan Ermiloveach time it is started.
4166087df9eSRuslan ErmilovThis is often caused by a ringing or noisy terminal line.
4176087df9eSRuslan Ermilov.Bf -emphasis
4186087df9eSRuslan ErmilovInit will sleep for 30 seconds,
4196087df9eSRuslan Ermilovthen continue trying to start the process.
4206087df9eSRuslan Ermilov.Ef
4216087df9eSRuslan Ermilov.It "some processes would not die; ps axl advised."
4226087df9eSRuslan ErmilovA process
4236087df9eSRuslan Ermilovis hung and could not be killed when the system was shutting down.
4246087df9eSRuslan ErmilovThis condition is usually caused by a process
4256087df9eSRuslan Ermilovthat is stuck in a device driver because of
4266087df9eSRuslan Ermilova persistent device error condition.
4276087df9eSRuslan Ermilov.El
4288fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Sh SEE ALSO
4298fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Xr kill 1 ,
430af202156SWolfram Schneider.Xr login 1 ,
4318fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Xr sh 1 ,
4328fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Xr ttys 5 ,
4334e9e907dSRuslan Ermilov.Xr security 7 ,
4348fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Xr getty 8 ,
435af202156SWolfram Schneider.Xr halt 8 ,
436280b191cSKen Smith.Xr jail 8 ,
4378fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Xr rc 8 ,
4388fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Xr reboot 8 ,
4396ebaa024SJoseph Koshy.Xr shutdown 8 ,
4406ebaa024SJoseph Koshy.Xr sysctl 8
4418fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Sh HISTORY
442a0a549c7SRuslan ErmilovAn
4438fae3551SRodney W. Grimes.Nm
444e1205e80SPhilippe Charnierutility appeared in
4452580acbeSSevan Janiyan.At v1 .
4466ebaa024SJoseph Koshy.Sh CAVEATS
4478fae3551SRodney W. GrimesSystems without
4489680d7b6SPhilippe Charnier.Xr sysctl 8
4498fae3551SRodney W. Grimesbehave as though they have security level \-1.
4506ebaa024SJoseph Koshy.Pp
45104b2ac6eSGuy HelmerSetting the security level above 1 too early in the boot sequence can
4526ebaa024SJoseph Koshyprevent
4536ebaa024SJoseph Koshy.Xr fsck 8
4549806e231SRuslan Ermilovfrom repairing inconsistent file systems.
4559806e231SRuslan ErmilovThe
4566ebaa024SJoseph Koshypreferred location to set the security level is at the end of
4576ebaa024SJoseph Koshy.Pa /etc/rc
4586ebaa024SJoseph Koshyafter all multi-user startup actions are complete.
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