1.\" Copyright (c) 2000 Christoph Herrmann, Thomas-Henning von Kamptz 2.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1993 The Regents of the University of California. 3.\" All rights reserved. 4.\" 5.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 6.\" Christoph Herrmann and Thomas-Henning von Kamptz, Munich and Frankfurt. 7.\" 8.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 9.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 10.\" are met: 11.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 13.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 15.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 16.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 17.\" must display the following acknowledgment: 18.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 19.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors, as well as Christoph 20.\" Herrmann and Thomas-Henning von Kamptz. 21.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 22.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 23.\" without specific prior written permission. 24.\" 25.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 26.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 27.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 28.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 29.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 30.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 31.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 32.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 33.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 34.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 35.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 36.\" 37.\" $TSHeader: src/sbin/growfs/growfs.8,v 1.3 2000/12/12 19:31:00 tomsoft Exp $ 38.\" 39.Dd October 3, 2023 40.Dt GROWFS 8 41.Os 42.Sh NAME 43.Nm growfs 44.Nd expand an existing UFS file system 45.Sh SYNOPSIS 46.Nm 47.Op Fl Ny 48.Op Fl s Ar size 49.Ar special | filesystem 50.Sh DESCRIPTION 51The 52.Nm 53utility makes it possible to expand an UFS file system. 54Before running 55.Nm 56the partition or slice containing the file system must be extended using 57.Xr gpart 8 . 58If you are using volumes you must enlarge them by using 59.Xr gvinum 8 . 60The 61.Nm 62utility extends the size of the file system on the specified special file. 63The following options are available: 64.Bl -tag -width indent 65.It Fl N 66.Dq Test mode . 67Causes the new file system parameters to be printed out without actually 68enlarging the file system. 69.It Fl y 70Causes 71.Nm 72to assume yes 73as the answer to all operator questions. 74.It Fl s Ar size 75Determines the 76.Ar size 77of the file system after enlarging in sectors. 78.Ar Size 79is the number of 512 byte sectors unless suffixed with a 80.Cm b , k , m , g , 81or 82.Cm t 83which 84denotes byte, kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte and terabyte respectively. 85This value defaults to the size of the raw partition specified in 86.Ar special 87(in other words, 88.Nm 89will enlarge the file system to the size of the entire partition). 90.El 91.Sh EXIT STATUS 92Exit status is 0 on success, and >= 1 on errors. 93Errors recoverable by user action are indicated by 2. 94OS errors, which are usually not recoverable, are indicated by 3 or greater. 95.Sh EXAMPLES 96Expand root file system to fill up available space: 97.Dl growfs / 98.Pp 99Refresh the LUN size, resize the partition to use all available 100capacity, and expand the filesystem accordingly: 101.Dl camcontrol reprobe da0 102.Dl gpart recover da0 103.Dl gpart resize -i 1 da0 104.Dl growfs /dev/da0p1 105.Sh SEE ALSO 106.Xr growfs 7 , 107.Xr camcontrol 8 , 108.Xr fsck 8 , 109.Xr gpart 8 , 110.Xr newfs 8 , 111.Xr tunefs 8 112.Sh HISTORY 113The 114.Nm 115utility first appeared in 116.Fx 4.4 . 117The ability to resize mounted file systems was added in 118.Fx 10.0 . 119.Sh AUTHORS 120.An Christoph Herrmann Aq Mt chm@FreeBSD.org 121.An Thomas-Henning von Kamptz Aq Mt tomsoft@FreeBSD.org 122.An The GROWFS team Aq Mt growfs@Tomsoft.COM 123.An Edward Tomasz Napierala Aq Mt trasz@FreeBSD.org 124.Sh CAVEATS 125When expanding a file system mounted read-write, any writes to that file system 126will be temporarily suspended until the expansion is finished. 127.Sh BUGS 128Normally 129.Nm 130writes cylinder group summary to disk and reads it again later for doing more 131updates. 132This read operation will provide unexpected data when using 133.Fl N . 134Therefore, this part cannot really be simulated and will be skipped in test 135mode. 136