1.\" $NetBSD: fsdb.8,v 1.2 1995/10/08 23:18:08 thorpej Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1995 John T. Kohl 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products 15.\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission. 16.\" 17.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR `AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 18.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 19.\" WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 20.\" DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 21.\" INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 22.\" (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 23.\" SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 24.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 25.\" STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN 26.\" ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 27.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 28.\" 29.\" $Id$ 30.\" 31.Dd September 14, 1995 32.Dt FSDB 8 33.Os FreeBSD 34.Sh NAME 35.Nm fsdb 36.Nd FFS debugging/editing tool 37.Sh SYNOPSIS 38.Nm 39.Op Fl d 40.Op Fl f 41.Ar fsname 42.Sh DESCRIPTION 43.Nm 44opens 45.Ar fsname 46(usually a raw disk partition) and runs a command loop 47allowing manipulation of the file system's inode data. You are prompted 48to enter a command with 49.Ic "fsdb (inum X)>" 50where 51.Va X 52is the currently selected i-number. The initial selected inode is the 53root of the filesystem (i-number 2). 54The command processor uses the 55.Xr libedit 3 56library, so you can use command line editing to reduce typing if desired. 57When you exit the command loop, the file system superblock is marked 58dirty and any buffered blocks are written to the file system. 59.Pp 60The 61.Fl d 62option enables additional debugging output (which comes primarily from 63.Xr fsck 8 -derived 64code). 65.Pp 66The 67.Fl f 68option is left for historical reasons and has no meaning. 69.Sh COMMANDS 70Besides the built-in 71.Xr libedit 3 72commands, 73.Nm 74supports these commands: 75.Pp 76.Bl -tag -width indent -compact 77.It Cm help 78Print out the list of accepted commands. 79.Pp 80.It Cm inode Ar i-number 81Select inode 82.Ar i-number 83as the new current inode. 84.Pp 85.It Cm back 86Revert to the previously current inode. 87.Pp 88.It Cm clri 89Clear the current inode. 90.Pp 91.It Cm lookup Ar name 92.It Cm cd Ar name 93Find 94.Ar name 95in the current directory and make its inode the current inode. 96.Ar Name 97may be a multi-component name or may begin with slash to indicate that 98the root inode should be used to start the lookup. If some component 99along the pathname is not found, the last valid directory encountered is 100left as the active inode. 101.br 102This command is valid only if the starting inode is a directory. 103.Pp 104.It Cm active 105.It Cm print 106Print out the active inode. 107.Pp 108.It Cm uplink 109Increment the active inode's link count. 110.Pp 111.It Cm downlink 112Decrement the active inode's link count. 113.Pp 114.It Cm linkcount Ar number 115Set the active inode's link count to 116.Ar number . 117.Pp 118.It Cm ls 119List the current inode's directory entries. This command is valid only 120if the current inode is a directory. 121.Pp 122.It Cm rm Ar name 123.It Cm del Ar name 124Remove the entry 125.Ar name 126from the current directory inode. This command is valid only 127if the current inode is a directory. 128.Pp 129.It Cm ln Ar ino Ar name 130Create a link to inode 131.Ar ino 132under the name 133.Ar name 134in the current directory inode. This command is valid only 135if the current inode is a directory. 136.Pp 137.It Cm chinum Ar dirslot Ar inum 138Change the i-number in directory entry 139.Ar dirslot 140to 141.Ar inum . 142.Pp 143.It Cm chname Ar dirslot Ar name 144Change the name in directory entry 145.Ar dirslot 146to 147.Ar name . 148This command cannot expand a directory entry. You can only rename an 149entry if the name will fit into the existing directory slot. 150.Pp 151.It Cm chtype Ar type 152Change the type of the current inode to 153.Ar type . 154.Ar type 155may be one of: 156.Em file , 157.Em dir , 158.Em socket , 159or 160.Em fifo . 161.Pp 162.It Cm chmod Ar mode 163Change the mode bits of the current inode to 164.Ar mode . 165You cannot change the file type with this subcommand; use 166.Ic chtype 167to do that. 168.Pp 169.It Cm chflags Ar flags 170Change the file flags of the current inode to 171.Ar flags . 172.Pp 173.It Cm chown Ar uid 174Change the owner of the current inode to 175.Ar uid . 176.Pp 177.It Cm chgrp Ar gid 178Change the group of the current inode to 179.Ar gid . 180.Pp 181.It Cm chgen Ar gen 182Change the generation number of the current inode to 183.Ar gen . 184.Pp 185.It Cm mtime Ar time 186.It Cm ctime Ar time 187.It Cm atime Ar time 188Change the modification, change, or access time (respectively) on the 189current inode to 190.Ar time . 191.Ar Time 192should be in the format 193.Em YYYYMMDDHHMMSS[.nsec] 194where 195.Em nsec 196is an optional nanosecond specification. If no nanoseconds are specified, the 197.Va mtimensec , 198.Va ctimensec , 199or 200.Va atimensec 201field will be set to zero. 202.Pp 203.It Cm quit, Cm q, Cm exit, Em <EOF> 204Exit the program. 205.El 206.Sh SEE ALSO 207.Xr libedit 3 , 208.Xr fs 5 , 209.Xr clri 8 , 210.Xr fsck 8 211.Sh BUGS 212Manipulation of ``short'' symlinks doesn't work (in particular, don't 213try changing a symlink's type). 214.br 215You must specify modes as numbers rather than symbolic names. 216.br 217There are a bunch of other things that you might want to do which 218.Nm 219doesn't implement. 220.br 221The 222.Xr libedit 3 223reference page is not yet written. 224.Sh HISTORY 225.Nm 226uses the source code for 227.Xr fsck 8 228to implement most of the file system manipulation code. The remainder of 229.Nm 230first appeared in NetBSD, written by John T. Kohl. 231.br 232Peter Wemm ported it to FreeBSD. 233.Sh WARNING 234Use this tool with extreme caution--you can damage an FFS file system 235beyond what 236.Xr fsck 8 237can repair. 238