xref: /freebsd/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/fat.c (revision 1669d8afc64812c8d2d1d147ae1fd42ff441e1b1)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997 Wolfgang Solfrank
3  * Copyright (c) 1995 Martin Husemann
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by Martin Husemann
16  *	and Wolfgang Solfrank.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
23  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
24  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
25  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
26  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
27  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
28  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
29  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
30  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 
34 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
35 #ifndef lint
36 __RCSID("$NetBSD: fat.c,v 1.12 2000/10/10 20:24:52 is Exp $");
37 static const char rcsid[] =
38   "$FreeBSD$";
39 #endif /* not lint */
40 
41 #include <stdlib.h>
42 #include <string.h>
43 #include <ctype.h>
44 #include <stdio.h>
45 #include <unistd.h>
46 
47 #include "ext.h"
48 #include "fsutil.h"
49 
50 static int checkclnum(struct bootblock *, int, cl_t, cl_t *);
51 static int clustdiffer(cl_t, cl_t *, cl_t *, int);
52 static int tryclear(struct bootblock *, struct fatEntry *, cl_t, cl_t *);
53 static int _readfat(int, struct bootblock *, int, u_char **);
54 
55 /*-
56  * The first 2 FAT entries contain pseudo-cluster numbers with the following
57  * layout:
58  *
59  * 31...... ........ ........ .......0
60  * rrrr1111 11111111 11111111 mmmmmmmm         FAT32 entry 0
61  * rrrrsh11 11111111 11111111 11111xxx         FAT32 entry 1
62  *
63  *                   11111111 mmmmmmmm         FAT16 entry 0
64  *                   sh111111 11111xxx         FAT16 entry 1
65  *
66  * r = reserved
67  * m = BPB media ID byte
68  * s = clean flag (1 = dismounted; 0 = still mounted)
69  * h = hard error flag (1 = ok; 0 = I/O error)
70  * x = any value ok
71  */
72 
73 int
74 checkdirty(int fs, struct bootblock *boot)
75 {
76 	off_t off;
77 	u_char *buffer;
78 	int ret = 0;
79 
80 	if (boot->ClustMask != CLUST16_MASK && boot->ClustMask != CLUST32_MASK)
81 		return 0;
82 
83 	off = boot->ResSectors;
84 	off *= boot->BytesPerSec;
85 
86 	buffer = malloc(boot->BytesPerSec);
87 	if (buffer == NULL) {
88 		perror("No space for FAT");
89 		return 1;
90 	}
91 
92 	if (lseek(fs, off, SEEK_SET) != off) {
93 		perror("Unable to read FAT");
94 		goto err;
95 	}
96 
97 	if (read(fs, buffer, boot->BytesPerSec) != boot->BytesPerSec) {
98 		perror("Unable to read FAT");
99 		goto err;
100 	}
101 
102 	/*
103 	 * If we don't understand the FAT, then the file system must be
104 	 * assumed to be unclean.
105 	 */
106 	if (buffer[0] != boot->Media || buffer[1] != 0xff)
107 		goto err;
108 	if (boot->ClustMask == CLUST16_MASK) {
109 		if ((buffer[2] & 0xf8) != 0xf8 || (buffer[3] & 0x3f) != 0x3f)
110 			goto err;
111 	} else {
112 		if (buffer[2] != 0xff || (buffer[3] & 0x0f) != 0x0f
113 		    || (buffer[4] & 0xf8) != 0xf8 || buffer[5] != 0xff
114 		    || buffer[6] != 0xff || (buffer[7] & 0x03) != 0x03)
115 			goto err;
116 	}
117 
118 	/*
119 	 * Now check the actual clean flag (and the no-error flag).
120 	 */
121 	if (boot->ClustMask == CLUST16_MASK) {
122 		if ((buffer[3] & 0xc0) == 0xc0)
123 			ret = 1;
124 	} else {
125 		if ((buffer[7] & 0x0c) == 0x0c)
126 			ret = 1;
127 	}
128 
129 err:
130 	free(buffer);
131 	return ret;
132 }
133 
134 /*
135  * Check a cluster number for valid value
136  */
137 static int
138 checkclnum(struct bootblock *boot, int fat, cl_t cl, cl_t *next)
139 {
140 	if (*next >= (CLUST_RSRVD&boot->ClustMask))
141 		*next |= ~boot->ClustMask;
142 	if (*next == CLUST_FREE) {
143 		boot->NumFree++;
144 		return FSOK;
145 	}
146 	if (*next == CLUST_BAD) {
147 		boot->NumBad++;
148 		return FSOK;
149 	}
150 	if (*next < CLUST_FIRST
151 	    || (*next >= boot->NumClusters && *next < CLUST_EOFS)) {
152 		pwarn("Cluster %u in FAT %d continues with %s cluster number %u\n",
153 		      cl, fat,
154 		      *next < CLUST_RSRVD ? "out of range" : "reserved",
155 		      *next&boot->ClustMask);
156 		if (ask(0, "Truncate")) {
157 			*next = CLUST_EOF;
158 			return FSFATMOD;
159 		}
160 		return FSERROR;
161 	}
162 	return FSOK;
163 }
164 
165 /*
166  * Read a FAT from disk. Returns 1 if successful, 0 otherwise.
167  */
168 static int
169 _readfat(int fs, struct bootblock *boot, int no, u_char **buffer)
170 {
171 	off_t off;
172 
173 	*buffer = malloc(boot->FATsecs * boot->BytesPerSec);
174 	if (*buffer == NULL) {
175 		perror("No space for FAT");
176 		return 0;
177 	}
178 
179 	off = boot->ResSectors + no * boot->FATsecs;
180 	off *= boot->BytesPerSec;
181 
182 	if (lseek(fs, off, SEEK_SET) != off) {
183 		perror("Unable to read FAT");
184 		goto err;
185 	}
186 
187 	if (read(fs, *buffer, boot->FATsecs * boot->BytesPerSec)
188 	    != boot->FATsecs * boot->BytesPerSec) {
189 		perror("Unable to read FAT");
190 		goto err;
191 	}
192 
193 	return 1;
194 
195     err:
196 	free(*buffer);
197 	return 0;
198 }
199 
200 /*
201  * Read a FAT and decode it into internal format
202  */
203 int
204 readfat(int fs, struct bootblock *boot, int no, struct fatEntry **fp)
205 {
206 	struct fatEntry *fat;
207 	u_char *buffer, *p;
208 	cl_t cl;
209 	int ret = FSOK;
210 
211 	boot->NumFree = boot->NumBad = 0;
212 
213 	if (!_readfat(fs, boot, no, &buffer))
214 		return FSFATAL;
215 
216 	fat = calloc(boot->NumClusters, sizeof(struct fatEntry));
217 	if (fat == NULL) {
218 		perror("No space for FAT");
219 		free(buffer);
220 		return FSFATAL;
221 	}
222 
223 	if (buffer[0] != boot->Media
224 	    || buffer[1] != 0xff || buffer[2] != 0xff
225 	    || (boot->ClustMask == CLUST16_MASK && buffer[3] != 0xff)
226 	    || (boot->ClustMask == CLUST32_MASK
227 		&& ((buffer[3]&0x0f) != 0x0f
228 		    || buffer[4] != 0xff || buffer[5] != 0xff
229 		    || buffer[6] != 0xff || (buffer[7]&0x0f) != 0x0f))) {
230 
231 		/* Windows 95 OSR2 (and possibly any later) changes
232 		 * the FAT signature to 0xXXffff7f for FAT16 and to
233 		 * 0xXXffff0fffffff07 for FAT32 upon boot, to know that the
234 		 * file system is dirty if it doesn't reboot cleanly.
235 		 * Check this special condition before errorring out.
236 		 */
237 		if (buffer[0] == boot->Media && buffer[1] == 0xff
238 		    && buffer[2] == 0xff
239 		    && ((boot->ClustMask == CLUST16_MASK && buffer[3] == 0x7f)
240 			|| (boot->ClustMask == CLUST32_MASK
241 			    && buffer[3] == 0x0f && buffer[4] == 0xff
242 			    && buffer[5] == 0xff && buffer[6] == 0xff
243 			    && buffer[7] == 0x07)))
244 			ret |= FSDIRTY;
245 		else {
246 			/* just some odd byte sequence in FAT */
247 
248 			switch (boot->ClustMask) {
249 			case CLUST32_MASK:
250 				pwarn("%s (%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x)\n",
251 				      "FAT starts with odd byte sequence",
252 				      buffer[0], buffer[1], buffer[2], buffer[3],
253 				      buffer[4], buffer[5], buffer[6], buffer[7]);
254 				break;
255 			case CLUST16_MASK:
256 				pwarn("%s (%02x%02x%02x%02x)\n",
257 				    "FAT starts with odd byte sequence",
258 				    buffer[0], buffer[1], buffer[2], buffer[3]);
259 				break;
260 			default:
261 				pwarn("%s (%02x%02x%02x)\n",
262 				    "FAT starts with odd byte sequence",
263 				    buffer[0], buffer[1], buffer[2]);
264 				break;
265 			}
266 
267 
268 			if (ask(1, "Correct"))
269 				ret |= FSFIXFAT;
270 		}
271 	}
272 	switch (boot->ClustMask) {
273 	case CLUST32_MASK:
274 		p = buffer + 8;
275 		break;
276 	case CLUST16_MASK:
277 		p = buffer + 4;
278 		break;
279 	default:
280 		p = buffer + 3;
281 		break;
282 	}
283 	for (cl = CLUST_FIRST; cl < boot->NumClusters;) {
284 		switch (boot->ClustMask) {
285 		case CLUST32_MASK:
286 			fat[cl].next = p[0] + (p[1] << 8)
287 				       + (p[2] << 16) + (p[3] << 24);
288 			fat[cl].next &= boot->ClustMask;
289 			ret |= checkclnum(boot, no, cl, &fat[cl].next);
290 			cl++;
291 			p += 4;
292 			break;
293 		case CLUST16_MASK:
294 			fat[cl].next = p[0] + (p[1] << 8);
295 			ret |= checkclnum(boot, no, cl, &fat[cl].next);
296 			cl++;
297 			p += 2;
298 			break;
299 		default:
300 			fat[cl].next = (p[0] + (p[1] << 8)) & 0x0fff;
301 			ret |= checkclnum(boot, no, cl, &fat[cl].next);
302 			cl++;
303 			if (cl >= boot->NumClusters)
304 				break;
305 			fat[cl].next = ((p[1] >> 4) + (p[2] << 4)) & 0x0fff;
306 			ret |= checkclnum(boot, no, cl, &fat[cl].next);
307 			cl++;
308 			p += 3;
309 			break;
310 		}
311 	}
312 
313 	free(buffer);
314 	*fp = fat;
315 	return ret;
316 }
317 
318 /*
319  * Get type of reserved cluster
320  */
321 char *
322 rsrvdcltype(cl_t cl)
323 {
324 	if (cl == CLUST_FREE)
325 		return "free";
326 	if (cl < CLUST_BAD)
327 		return "reserved";
328 	if (cl > CLUST_BAD)
329 		return "as EOF";
330 	return "bad";
331 }
332 
333 static int
334 clustdiffer(cl_t cl, cl_t *cp1, cl_t *cp2, int fatnum)
335 {
336 	if (*cp1 == CLUST_FREE || *cp1 >= CLUST_RSRVD) {
337 		if (*cp2 == CLUST_FREE || *cp2 >= CLUST_RSRVD) {
338 			if ((*cp1 != CLUST_FREE && *cp1 < CLUST_BAD
339 			     && *cp2 != CLUST_FREE && *cp2 < CLUST_BAD)
340 			    || (*cp1 > CLUST_BAD && *cp2 > CLUST_BAD)) {
341 				pwarn("Cluster %u is marked %s with different indicators\n",
342 				      cl, rsrvdcltype(*cp1));
343 				if (ask(1, "Fix")) {
344 					*cp2 = *cp1;
345 					return FSFATMOD;
346 				}
347 				return FSFATAL;
348 			}
349 			pwarn("Cluster %u is marked %s in FAT 0, %s in FAT %d\n",
350 			      cl, rsrvdcltype(*cp1), rsrvdcltype(*cp2), fatnum);
351 			if (ask(0, "Use FAT 0's entry")) {
352 				*cp2 = *cp1;
353 				return FSFATMOD;
354 			}
355 			if (ask(0, "Use FAT %d's entry", fatnum)) {
356 				*cp1 = *cp2;
357 				return FSFATMOD;
358 			}
359 			return FSFATAL;
360 		}
361 		pwarn("Cluster %u is marked %s in FAT 0, but continues with cluster %u in FAT %d\n",
362 		      cl, rsrvdcltype(*cp1), *cp2, fatnum);
363 		if (ask(0, "Use continuation from FAT %d", fatnum)) {
364 			*cp1 = *cp2;
365 			return FSFATMOD;
366 		}
367 		if (ask(0, "Use mark from FAT 0")) {
368 			*cp2 = *cp1;
369 			return FSFATMOD;
370 		}
371 		return FSFATAL;
372 	}
373 	if (*cp2 == CLUST_FREE || *cp2 >= CLUST_RSRVD) {
374 		pwarn("Cluster %u continues with cluster %u in FAT 0, but is marked %s in FAT %d\n",
375 		      cl, *cp1, rsrvdcltype(*cp2), fatnum);
376 		if (ask(0, "Use continuation from FAT 0")) {
377 			*cp2 = *cp1;
378 			return FSFATMOD;
379 		}
380 		if (ask(0, "Use mark from FAT %d", fatnum)) {
381 			*cp1 = *cp2;
382 			return FSFATMOD;
383 		}
384 		return FSERROR;
385 	}
386 	pwarn("Cluster %u continues with cluster %u in FAT 0, but with cluster %u in FAT %d\n",
387 	      cl, *cp1, *cp2, fatnum);
388 	if (ask(0, "Use continuation from FAT 0")) {
389 		*cp2 = *cp1;
390 		return FSFATMOD;
391 	}
392 	if (ask(0, "Use continuation from FAT %d", fatnum)) {
393 		*cp1 = *cp2;
394 		return FSFATMOD;
395 	}
396 	return FSERROR;
397 }
398 
399 /*
400  * Compare two FAT copies in memory. Resolve any conflicts and merge them
401  * into the first one.
402  */
403 int
404 comparefat(struct bootblock *boot, struct fatEntry *first,
405     struct fatEntry *second, int fatnum)
406 {
407 	cl_t cl;
408 	int ret = FSOK;
409 
410 	for (cl = CLUST_FIRST; cl < boot->NumClusters; cl++)
411 		if (first[cl].next != second[cl].next)
412 			ret |= clustdiffer(cl, &first[cl].next, &second[cl].next, fatnum);
413 	return ret;
414 }
415 
416 void
417 clearchain(struct bootblock *boot, struct fatEntry *fat, cl_t head)
418 {
419 	cl_t p, q;
420 
421 	for (p = head; p >= CLUST_FIRST && p < boot->NumClusters; p = q) {
422 		if (fat[p].head != head)
423 			break;
424 		q = fat[p].next;
425 		fat[p].next = fat[p].head = CLUST_FREE;
426 		fat[p].length = 0;
427 	}
428 }
429 
430 int
431 tryclear(struct bootblock *boot, struct fatEntry *fat, cl_t head, cl_t *trunc)
432 {
433 	if (ask(0, "Clear chain starting at %u", head)) {
434 		clearchain(boot, fat, head);
435 		return FSFATMOD;
436 	} else if (ask(0, "Truncate")) {
437 		*trunc = CLUST_EOF;
438 		return FSFATMOD;
439 	} else
440 		return FSERROR;
441 }
442 
443 /*
444  * Check a complete FAT in-memory for crosslinks
445  */
446 int
447 checkfat(struct bootblock *boot, struct fatEntry *fat)
448 {
449 	cl_t head, p, h, n;
450 	u_int len;
451 	int ret = 0;
452 	int conf;
453 
454 	/*
455 	 * pass 1: figure out the cluster chains.
456 	 */
457 	for (head = CLUST_FIRST; head < boot->NumClusters; head++) {
458 		/* find next untravelled chain */
459 		if (fat[head].head != 0		/* cluster already belongs to some chain */
460 		    || fat[head].next == CLUST_FREE
461 		    || fat[head].next == CLUST_BAD)
462 			continue;		/* skip it. */
463 
464 		/* follow the chain and mark all clusters on the way */
465 		for (len = 0, p = head;
466 		     p >= CLUST_FIRST && p < boot->NumClusters;
467 		     p = fat[p].next) {
468 			fat[p].head = head;
469 			len++;
470 		}
471 
472 		/* the head record gets the length */
473 		fat[head].length = fat[head].next == CLUST_FREE ? 0 : len;
474 	}
475 
476 	/*
477 	 * pass 2: check for crosslinked chains (we couldn't do this in pass 1 because
478 	 * we didn't know the real start of the chain then - would have treated partial
479 	 * chains as interlinked with their main chain)
480 	 */
481 	for (head = CLUST_FIRST; head < boot->NumClusters; head++) {
482 		/* find next untravelled chain */
483 		if (fat[head].head != head)
484 			continue;
485 
486 		/* follow the chain to its end (hopefully) */
487 		for (p = head;
488 		     (n = fat[p].next) >= CLUST_FIRST && n < boot->NumClusters;
489 		     p = n)
490 			if (fat[n].head != head)
491 				break;
492 		if (n >= CLUST_EOFS)
493 			continue;
494 
495 		if (n == CLUST_FREE || n >= CLUST_RSRVD) {
496 			pwarn("Cluster chain starting at %u ends with cluster marked %s\n",
497 			      head, rsrvdcltype(n));
498 			ret |= tryclear(boot, fat, head, &fat[p].next);
499 			continue;
500 		}
501 		if (n < CLUST_FIRST || n >= boot->NumClusters) {
502 			pwarn("Cluster chain starting at %u ends with cluster out of range (%u)\n",
503 			      head, n);
504 			ret |= tryclear(boot, fat, head, &fat[p].next);
505 			continue;
506 		}
507 		pwarn("Cluster chains starting at %u and %u are linked at cluster %u\n",
508 		      head, fat[n].head, n);
509 		conf = tryclear(boot, fat, head, &fat[p].next);
510 		if (ask(0, "Clear chain starting at %u", h = fat[n].head)) {
511 			if (conf == FSERROR) {
512 				/*
513 				 * Transfer the common chain to the one not cleared above.
514 				 */
515 				for (p = n;
516 				     p >= CLUST_FIRST && p < boot->NumClusters;
517 				     p = fat[p].next) {
518 					if (h != fat[p].head) {
519 						/*
520 						 * Have to reexamine this chain.
521 						 */
522 						head--;
523 						break;
524 					}
525 					fat[p].head = head;
526 				}
527 			}
528 			clearchain(boot, fat, h);
529 			conf |= FSFATMOD;
530 		}
531 		ret |= conf;
532 	}
533 
534 	return ret;
535 }
536 
537 /*
538  * Write out FATs encoding them from the internal format
539  */
540 int
541 writefat(int fs, struct bootblock *boot, struct fatEntry *fat, int correct_fat)
542 {
543 	u_char *buffer, *p;
544 	cl_t cl;
545 	int i;
546 	u_int32_t fatsz;
547 	off_t off;
548 	int ret = FSOK;
549 
550 	buffer = malloc(fatsz = boot->FATsecs * boot->BytesPerSec);
551 	if (buffer == NULL) {
552 		perror("No space for FAT");
553 		return FSFATAL;
554 	}
555 	memset(buffer, 0, fatsz);
556 	boot->NumFree = 0;
557 	p = buffer;
558 	if (correct_fat) {
559 		*p++ = (u_char)boot->Media;
560 		*p++ = 0xff;
561 		*p++ = 0xff;
562 		switch (boot->ClustMask) {
563 		case CLUST16_MASK:
564 			*p++ = 0xff;
565 			break;
566 		case CLUST32_MASK:
567 			*p++ = 0x0f;
568 			*p++ = 0xff;
569 			*p++ = 0xff;
570 			*p++ = 0xff;
571 			*p++ = 0x0f;
572 			break;
573 		}
574 	} else {
575 		/* use same FAT signature as the old FAT has */
576 		int count;
577 		u_char *old_fat;
578 
579 		switch (boot->ClustMask) {
580 		case CLUST32_MASK:
581 			count = 8;
582 			break;
583 		case CLUST16_MASK:
584 			count = 4;
585 			break;
586 		default:
587 			count = 3;
588 			break;
589 		}
590 
591 		if (!_readfat(fs, boot, boot->ValidFat >= 0 ? boot->ValidFat :0,
592 					 &old_fat)) {
593 			free(buffer);
594 			return FSFATAL;
595 		}
596 
597 		memcpy(p, old_fat, count);
598 		free(old_fat);
599 		p += count;
600 	}
601 
602 	for (cl = CLUST_FIRST; cl < boot->NumClusters; cl++) {
603 		switch (boot->ClustMask) {
604 		case CLUST32_MASK:
605 			if (fat[cl].next == CLUST_FREE)
606 				boot->NumFree++;
607 			*p++ = (u_char)fat[cl].next;
608 			*p++ = (u_char)(fat[cl].next >> 8);
609 			*p++ = (u_char)(fat[cl].next >> 16);
610 			*p &= 0xf0;
611 			*p++ |= (fat[cl].next >> 24)&0x0f;
612 			break;
613 		case CLUST16_MASK:
614 			if (fat[cl].next == CLUST_FREE)
615 				boot->NumFree++;
616 			*p++ = (u_char)fat[cl].next;
617 			*p++ = (u_char)(fat[cl].next >> 8);
618 			break;
619 		default:
620 			if (fat[cl].next == CLUST_FREE)
621 				boot->NumFree++;
622 			if (cl + 1 < boot->NumClusters
623 			    && fat[cl + 1].next == CLUST_FREE)
624 				boot->NumFree++;
625 			*p++ = (u_char)fat[cl].next;
626 			*p++ = (u_char)((fat[cl].next >> 8) & 0xf)
627 			       |(u_char)(fat[cl+1].next << 4);
628 			*p++ = (u_char)(fat[++cl].next >> 4);
629 			break;
630 		}
631 	}
632 	for (i = 0; i < boot->FATs; i++) {
633 		off = boot->ResSectors + i * boot->FATsecs;
634 		off *= boot->BytesPerSec;
635 		if (lseek(fs, off, SEEK_SET) != off
636 		    || write(fs, buffer, fatsz) != fatsz) {
637 			perror("Unable to write FAT");
638 			ret = FSFATAL; /* Return immediately?		XXX */
639 		}
640 	}
641 	free(buffer);
642 	return ret;
643 }
644 
645 /*
646  * Check a complete in-memory FAT for lost cluster chains
647  */
648 int
649 checklost(int dosfs, struct bootblock *boot, struct fatEntry *fat)
650 {
651 	cl_t head;
652 	int mod = FSOK;
653 	int ret;
654 
655 	for (head = CLUST_FIRST; head < boot->NumClusters; head++) {
656 		/* find next untravelled chain */
657 		if (fat[head].head != head
658 		    || fat[head].next == CLUST_FREE
659 		    || (fat[head].next >= CLUST_RSRVD
660 			&& fat[head].next < CLUST_EOFS)
661 		    || (fat[head].flags & FAT_USED))
662 			continue;
663 
664 		pwarn("Lost cluster chain at cluster %u\n%d Cluster(s) lost\n",
665 		      head, fat[head].length);
666 		mod |= ret = reconnect(dosfs, boot, fat, head);
667 		if (mod & FSFATAL)
668 			break;
669 		if (ret == FSERROR && ask(0, "Clear")) {
670 			clearchain(boot, fat, head);
671 			mod |= FSFATMOD;
672 		}
673 	}
674 	finishlf();
675 
676 	if (boot->FSInfo) {
677 		ret = 0;
678 		if (boot->FSFree != boot->NumFree) {
679 			pwarn("Free space in FSInfo block (%d) not correct (%d)\n",
680 			      boot->FSFree, boot->NumFree);
681 			if (ask(1, "Fix")) {
682 				boot->FSFree = boot->NumFree;
683 				ret = 1;
684 			}
685 		}
686 		if (boot->NumFree && fat[boot->FSNext].next != CLUST_FREE) {
687 			pwarn("Next free cluster in FSInfo block (%u) not free\n",
688 			      boot->FSNext);
689 			if (ask(1, "Fix"))
690 				for (head = CLUST_FIRST; head < boot->NumClusters; head++)
691 					if (fat[head].next == CLUST_FREE) {
692 						boot->FSNext = head;
693 						ret = 1;
694 						break;
695 					}
696 		}
697 		if (ret)
698 			mod |= writefsinfo(dosfs, boot);
699 	}
700 
701 	return mod;
702 }
703