xref: /freebsd/sbin/fsck_msdosfs/boot.c (revision 1669d8afc64812c8d2d1d147ae1fd42ff441e1b1)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 1995, 1997 Wolfgang Solfrank
3  * Copyright (c) 1995 Martin Husemann
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by Martin Husemann
16  *	and Wolfgang Solfrank.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
23  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
24  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
25  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
26  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
27  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
28  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
29  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
30  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 
34 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
35 #ifndef lint
36 __RCSID("$NetBSD: boot.c,v 1.9 2003/07/24 19:25:46 ws Exp $");
37 static const char rcsid[] =
38   "$FreeBSD$";
39 #endif /* not lint */
40 
41 #include <stdlib.h>
42 #include <string.h>
43 #include <ctype.h>
44 #include <stdio.h>
45 #include <unistd.h>
46 
47 #include "ext.h"
48 #include "fsutil.h"
49 
50 int
51 readboot(dosfs, boot)
52 	int dosfs;
53 	struct bootblock *boot;
54 {
55 	u_char block[DOSBOOTBLOCKSIZE];
56 	u_char fsinfo[2 * DOSBOOTBLOCKSIZE];
57 	u_char backup[DOSBOOTBLOCKSIZE];
58 	int ret = FSOK;
59 
60 	if (read(dosfs, block, sizeof block) < sizeof block) {
61 		perror("could not read boot block");
62 		return FSFATAL;
63 	}
64 
65 	if (block[510] != 0x55 || block[511] != 0xaa) {
66 		pfatal("Invalid signature in boot block: %02x%02x", block[511], block[510]);
67 		return FSFATAL;
68 	}
69 
70 	memset(boot, 0, sizeof *boot);
71 	boot->ValidFat = -1;
72 
73 	/* decode bios parameter block */
74 	boot->BytesPerSec = block[11] + (block[12] << 8);
75 	boot->SecPerClust = block[13];
76 	boot->ResSectors = block[14] + (block[15] << 8);
77 	boot->FATs = block[16];
78 	boot->RootDirEnts = block[17] + (block[18] << 8);
79 	boot->Sectors = block[19] + (block[20] << 8);
80 	boot->Media = block[21];
81 	boot->FATsmall = block[22] + (block[23] << 8);
82 	boot->SecPerTrack = block[24] + (block[25] << 8);
83 	boot->Heads = block[26] + (block[27] << 8);
84 	boot->HiddenSecs = block[28] + (block[29] << 8) + (block[30] << 16) + (block[31] << 24);
85 	boot->HugeSectors = block[32] + (block[33] << 8) + (block[34] << 16) + (block[35] << 24);
86 
87 	boot->FATsecs = boot->FATsmall;
88 
89 	if (!boot->RootDirEnts)
90 		boot->flags |= FAT32;
91 	if (boot->flags & FAT32) {
92 		boot->FATsecs = block[36] + (block[37] << 8)
93 				+ (block[38] << 16) + (block[39] << 24);
94 		if (block[40] & 0x80)
95 			boot->ValidFat = block[40] & 0x0f;
96 
97 		/* check version number: */
98 		if (block[42] || block[43]) {
99 			/* Correct?				XXX */
100 			pfatal("Unknown file system version: %x.%x",
101 			       block[43], block[42]);
102 			return FSFATAL;
103 		}
104 		boot->RootCl = block[44] + (block[45] << 8)
105 			       + (block[46] << 16) + (block[47] << 24);
106 		boot->FSInfo = block[48] + (block[49] << 8);
107 		boot->Backup = block[50] + (block[51] << 8);
108 
109 		if (lseek(dosfs, boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec, SEEK_SET)
110 		    != boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec
111 		    || read(dosfs, fsinfo, sizeof fsinfo)
112 		    != sizeof fsinfo) {
113 			perror("could not read fsinfo block");
114 			return FSFATAL;
115 		}
116 		if (memcmp(fsinfo, "RRaA", 4)
117 		    || memcmp(fsinfo + 0x1e4, "rrAa", 4)
118 		    || fsinfo[0x1fc]
119 		    || fsinfo[0x1fd]
120 		    || fsinfo[0x1fe] != 0x55
121 		    || fsinfo[0x1ff] != 0xaa
122 		    || fsinfo[0x3fc]
123 		    || fsinfo[0x3fd]
124 		    || fsinfo[0x3fe] != 0x55
125 		    || fsinfo[0x3ff] != 0xaa) {
126 			pwarn("Invalid signature in fsinfo block\n");
127 			if (ask(0, "Fix")) {
128 				memcpy(fsinfo, "RRaA", 4);
129 				memcpy(fsinfo + 0x1e4, "rrAa", 4);
130 				fsinfo[0x1fc] = fsinfo[0x1fd] = 0;
131 				fsinfo[0x1fe] = 0x55;
132 				fsinfo[0x1ff] = 0xaa;
133 				fsinfo[0x3fc] = fsinfo[0x3fd] = 0;
134 				fsinfo[0x3fe] = 0x55;
135 				fsinfo[0x3ff] = 0xaa;
136 				if (lseek(dosfs, boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec, SEEK_SET)
137 				    != boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec
138 				    || write(dosfs, fsinfo, sizeof fsinfo)
139 				    != sizeof fsinfo) {
140 					perror("Unable to write FSInfo");
141 					return FSFATAL;
142 				}
143 				ret = FSBOOTMOD;
144 			} else
145 				boot->FSInfo = 0;
146 		}
147 		if (boot->FSInfo) {
148 			boot->FSFree = fsinfo[0x1e8] + (fsinfo[0x1e9] << 8)
149 				       + (fsinfo[0x1ea] << 16)
150 				       + (fsinfo[0x1eb] << 24);
151 			boot->FSNext = fsinfo[0x1ec] + (fsinfo[0x1ed] << 8)
152 				       + (fsinfo[0x1ee] << 16)
153 				       + (fsinfo[0x1ef] << 24);
154 		}
155 
156 		if (lseek(dosfs, boot->Backup * boot->BytesPerSec, SEEK_SET)
157 		    != boot->Backup * boot->BytesPerSec
158 		    || read(dosfs, backup, sizeof backup) != sizeof  backup) {
159 			perror("could not read backup bootblock");
160 			return FSFATAL;
161 		}
162 		backup[65] = block[65];				/* XXX */
163 		if (memcmp(block + 11, backup + 11, 79)) {
164 			/* Correct?					XXX */
165 			pfatal("backup doesn't compare to primary bootblock");
166 			if (alwaysno)
167 				pfatal("\n");
168 			else
169 				return FSFATAL;
170 		}
171 		/* Check backup FSInfo?					XXX */
172 	}
173 
174 	boot->ClusterOffset = (boot->RootDirEnts * 32 + boot->BytesPerSec - 1)
175 	    / boot->BytesPerSec
176 	    + boot->ResSectors
177 	    + boot->FATs * boot->FATsecs
178 	    - CLUST_FIRST * boot->SecPerClust;
179 
180 	if (boot->BytesPerSec % DOSBOOTBLOCKSIZE != 0) {
181 		pfatal("Invalid sector size: %u", boot->BytesPerSec);
182 		return FSFATAL;
183 	}
184 	if (boot->SecPerClust == 0) {
185 		pfatal("Invalid cluster size: %u", boot->SecPerClust);
186 		return FSFATAL;
187 	}
188 	if (boot->Sectors) {
189 		boot->HugeSectors = 0;
190 		boot->NumSectors = boot->Sectors;
191 	} else
192 		boot->NumSectors = boot->HugeSectors;
193 	boot->NumClusters = (boot->NumSectors - boot->ClusterOffset) / boot->SecPerClust;
194 
195 	if (boot->flags&FAT32)
196 		boot->ClustMask = CLUST32_MASK;
197 	else if (boot->NumClusters < (CLUST_RSRVD&CLUST12_MASK))
198 		boot->ClustMask = CLUST12_MASK;
199 	else if (boot->NumClusters < (CLUST_RSRVD&CLUST16_MASK))
200 		boot->ClustMask = CLUST16_MASK;
201 	else {
202 		pfatal("Filesystem too big (%u clusters) for non-FAT32 partition",
203 		       boot->NumClusters);
204 		return FSFATAL;
205 	}
206 
207 	switch (boot->ClustMask) {
208 	case CLUST32_MASK:
209 		boot->NumFatEntries = (boot->FATsecs * boot->BytesPerSec) / 4;
210 		break;
211 	case CLUST16_MASK:
212 		boot->NumFatEntries = (boot->FATsecs * boot->BytesPerSec) / 2;
213 		break;
214 	default:
215 		boot->NumFatEntries = (boot->FATsecs * boot->BytesPerSec * 2) / 3;
216 		break;
217 	}
218 
219 	if (boot->NumFatEntries < boot->NumClusters) {
220 		pfatal("FAT size too small, %u entries won't fit into %u sectors\n",
221 		       boot->NumClusters, boot->FATsecs);
222 		return FSFATAL;
223 	}
224 	boot->ClusterSize = boot->BytesPerSec * boot->SecPerClust;
225 
226 	boot->NumFiles = 1;
227 	boot->NumFree = 0;
228 
229 	return ret;
230 }
231 
232 int
233 writefsinfo(dosfs, boot)
234 	int dosfs;
235 	struct bootblock *boot;
236 {
237 	u_char fsinfo[2 * DOSBOOTBLOCKSIZE];
238 
239 	if (lseek(dosfs, boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec, SEEK_SET)
240 	    != boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec
241 	    || read(dosfs, fsinfo, sizeof fsinfo) != sizeof fsinfo) {
242 		perror("could not read fsinfo block");
243 		return FSFATAL;
244 	}
245 	fsinfo[0x1e8] = (u_char)boot->FSFree;
246 	fsinfo[0x1e9] = (u_char)(boot->FSFree >> 8);
247 	fsinfo[0x1ea] = (u_char)(boot->FSFree >> 16);
248 	fsinfo[0x1eb] = (u_char)(boot->FSFree >> 24);
249 	fsinfo[0x1ec] = (u_char)boot->FSNext;
250 	fsinfo[0x1ed] = (u_char)(boot->FSNext >> 8);
251 	fsinfo[0x1ee] = (u_char)(boot->FSNext >> 16);
252 	fsinfo[0x1ef] = (u_char)(boot->FSNext >> 24);
253 	if (lseek(dosfs, boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec, SEEK_SET)
254 	    != boot->FSInfo * boot->BytesPerSec
255 	    || write(dosfs, fsinfo, sizeof fsinfo)
256 	    != sizeof fsinfo) {
257 		perror("Unable to write FSInfo");
258 		return FSFATAL;
259 	}
260 	/*
261 	 * Technically, we should return FSBOOTMOD here.
262 	 *
263 	 * However, since Win95 OSR2 (the first M$ OS that has
264 	 * support for FAT32) doesn't maintain the FSINFO block
265 	 * correctly, it has to be fixed pretty often.
266 	 *
267 	 * Therefor, we handle the FSINFO block only informally,
268 	 * fixing it if necessary, but otherwise ignoring the
269 	 * fact that it was incorrect.
270 	 */
271 	return 0;
272 }
273