xref: /freebsd/sbin/fsck_ffs/setup.c (revision ad30f8e79bd1007cc2476e491bd21b4f5e389e0a)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #if 0
31 #ifndef lint
32 static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)setup.c	8.10 (Berkeley) 5/9/95";
33 #endif /* not lint */
34 #endif
35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
36 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
37 
38 #include <sys/param.h>
39 #include <sys/stat.h>
40 #define FSTYPENAMES
41 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
42 #include <sys/file.h>
43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
44 
45 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
46 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
47 
48 #include <ctype.h>
49 #include <err.h>
50 #include <errno.h>
51 #include <limits.h>
52 #include <stdint.h>
53 #include <string.h>
54 
55 #include "fsck.h"
56 
57 struct bufarea asblk;
58 #define altsblock (*asblk.b_un.b_fs)
59 #define POWEROF2(num)	(((num) & ((num) - 1)) == 0)
60 
61 static void badsb(int listerr, const char *s);
62 static int calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs);
63 static struct disklabel *getdisklabel(char *s, int fd);
64 
65 /*
66  * Read in a superblock finding an alternate if necessary.
67  * Return 1 if successful, 0 if unsuccessful, -1 if file system
68  * is already clean (ckclean and preen mode only).
69  */
70 int
71 setup(char *dev)
72 {
73 	long cg, asked, i, j;
74 	long bmapsize;
75 	struct stat statb;
76 	struct fs proto;
77 	size_t size;
78 
79 	havesb = 0;
80 	fswritefd = -1;
81 	cursnapshot = 0;
82 	if (stat(dev, &statb) < 0) {
83 		printf("Can't stat %s: %s\n", dev, strerror(errno));
84 		if (bkgrdflag) {
85 			unlink(snapname);
86 			bkgrdflag = 0;
87 		}
88 		return (0);
89 	}
90 	if ((statb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR &&
91 	    (statb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFBLK) {
92 		if (bkgrdflag != 0 && (statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) == 0) {
93 			unlink(snapname);
94 			printf("background fsck lacks a snapshot\n");
95 			exit(EEXIT);
96 		}
97 		if ((statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) != 0 && cvtlevel == 0) {
98 			cursnapshot = statb.st_ino;
99 		} else {
100 			if (cvtlevel == 0 ||
101 			    (statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) == 0) {
102 				if (preen && bkgrdflag) {
103 					unlink(snapname);
104 					bkgrdflag = 0;
105 				}
106 				pfatal("%s is not a disk device", dev);
107 				if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0) {
108 					if (bkgrdflag) {
109 						unlink(snapname);
110 						bkgrdflag = 0;
111 					}
112 					return (0);
113 				}
114 			} else {
115 				if (bkgrdflag) {
116 					unlink(snapname);
117 					bkgrdflag = 0;
118 				}
119 				pfatal("cannot convert a snapshot");
120 				exit(EEXIT);
121 			}
122 		}
123 	}
124 	if ((fsreadfd = open(dev, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
125 		if (bkgrdflag) {
126 			unlink(snapname);
127 			bkgrdflag = 0;
128 		}
129 		printf("Can't open %s: %s\n", dev, strerror(errno));
130 		return (0);
131 	}
132 	if (bkgrdflag) {
133 		unlink(snapname);
134 		size = MIBSIZE;
135 		if (sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjrefcnt", adjrefcnt, &size) < 0||
136 		    sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjblkcnt", adjblkcnt, &size) < 0||
137 		    sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.freefiles", freefiles, &size) < 0||
138 		    sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.freedirs", freedirs, &size) < 0 ||
139 		    sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.freeblks", freeblks, &size) < 0) {
140 			pfatal("kernel lacks background fsck support\n");
141 			exit(EEXIT);
142 		}
143 		/*
144 		 * When kernel is lack of runtime bgfsck superblock summary
145 		 * adjustment functionality, it does not mean we can not
146 		 * continue, as old kernels will recompute the summary at
147 		 * mount time.  However, it will be an unexpected softupdates
148 		 * inconsistency if it turns out that the summary is still
149 		 * incorrect.  Set a flag so subsequent operation can know
150 		 * this.
151 		 */
152 		bkgrdsumadj = 1;
153 		if (sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjndir", adjndir, &size) < 0 ||
154 		    sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnbfree", adjnbfree, &size) < 0 ||
155 		    sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnifree", adjnifree, &size) < 0 ||
156 		    sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnffree", adjnffree, &size) < 0 ||
157 		    sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnumclusters", adjnumclusters, &size) < 0) {
158 			bkgrdsumadj = 0;
159 			pwarn("kernel lacks runtime superblock summary adjustment support");
160 		}
161 		cmd.version = FFS_CMD_VERSION;
162 		cmd.handle = fsreadfd;
163 		fswritefd = -1;
164 	}
165 	if (preen == 0)
166 		printf("** %s", dev);
167 	if (bkgrdflag == 0 &&
168 	    (nflag || (fswritefd = open(dev, O_WRONLY)) < 0)) {
169 		fswritefd = -1;
170 		if (preen)
171 			pfatal("NO WRITE ACCESS");
172 		printf(" (NO WRITE)");
173 	}
174 	if (preen == 0)
175 		printf("\n");
176 	/*
177 	 * Read in the superblock, looking for alternates if necessary
178 	 */
179 	if (readsb(1) == 0) {
180 		skipclean = 0;
181 		if (bflag || preen || calcsb(dev, fsreadfd, &proto) == 0)
182 			return(0);
183 		if (reply("LOOK FOR ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") == 0)
184 			return (0);
185 		for (cg = 0; cg < proto.fs_ncg; cg++) {
186 			bflag = fsbtodb(&proto, cgsblock(&proto, cg));
187 			if (readsb(0) != 0)
188 				break;
189 		}
190 		if (cg >= proto.fs_ncg) {
191 			printf("%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n",
192 				"SEARCH FOR ALTERNATE SUPER-BLOCK",
193 				"FAILED. YOU MUST USE THE",
194 				"-b OPTION TO FSCK TO SPECIFY THE",
195 				"LOCATION OF AN ALTERNATE",
196 				"SUPER-BLOCK TO SUPPLY NEEDED",
197 				"INFORMATION; SEE fsck(8).");
198 			bflag = 0;
199 			return(0);
200 		}
201 		pwarn("USING ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCK AT %d\n", bflag);
202 		bflag = 0;
203 	}
204 	if (skipclean && ckclean && sblock.fs_clean) {
205 		pwarn("FILE SYSTEM CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS\n");
206 		return (-1);
207 	}
208 	maxfsblock = sblock.fs_size;
209 	maxino = sblock.fs_ncg * sblock.fs_ipg;
210 	/*
211 	 * Check and potentially fix certain fields in the super block.
212 	 */
213 	if (sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTTIME && sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTSPACE) {
214 		pfatal("UNDEFINED OPTIMIZATION IN SUPERBLOCK");
215 		if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) {
216 			sblock.fs_optim = FS_OPTTIME;
217 			sbdirty();
218 		}
219 	}
220 	if ((sblock.fs_minfree < 0 || sblock.fs_minfree > 99)) {
221 		pfatal("IMPOSSIBLE MINFREE=%d IN SUPERBLOCK",
222 			sblock.fs_minfree);
223 		if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) {
224 			sblock.fs_minfree = 10;
225 			sbdirty();
226 		}
227 	}
228 	if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC &&
229 	    sblock.fs_old_inodefmt < FS_44INODEFMT) {
230 		pwarn("Format of file system is too old.\n");
231 		pwarn("Must update to modern format using a version of fsck\n");
232 		pfatal("from before 2002 with the command ``fsck -c 2''\n");
233 		exit(EEXIT);
234 	}
235 	if (asblk.b_dirty && !bflag) {
236 		memmove(&altsblock, &sblock, (size_t)sblock.fs_sbsize);
237 		flush(fswritefd, &asblk);
238 	}
239 	/*
240 	 * read in the summary info.
241 	 */
242 	asked = 0;
243 	sblock.fs_csp = calloc(1, sblock.fs_cssize);
244 	if (sblock.fs_csp == NULL) {
245 		printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for cg summary info\n",
246 		    (unsigned)sblock.fs_cssize);
247 		goto badsb;
248 	}
249 	for (i = 0, j = 0; i < sblock.fs_cssize; i += sblock.fs_bsize, j++) {
250 		size = sblock.fs_cssize - i < sblock.fs_bsize ?
251 		    sblock.fs_cssize - i : sblock.fs_bsize;
252 		if (blread(fsreadfd, (char *)sblock.fs_csp + i,
253 		    fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_csaddr + j * sblock.fs_frag),
254 		    size) != 0 && !asked) {
255 			pfatal("BAD SUMMARY INFORMATION");
256 			if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0) {
257 				ckfini(0);
258 				exit(EEXIT);
259 			}
260 			asked++;
261 		}
262 	}
263 	/*
264 	 * allocate and initialize the necessary maps
265 	 */
266 	bmapsize = roundup(howmany(maxfsblock, CHAR_BIT), sizeof(short));
267 	blockmap = calloc((unsigned)bmapsize, sizeof (char));
268 	if (blockmap == NULL) {
269 		printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for blockmap\n",
270 		    (unsigned)bmapsize);
271 		goto badsb;
272 	}
273 	inostathead = calloc((unsigned)(sblock.fs_ncg),
274 	    sizeof(struct inostatlist));
275 	if (inostathead == NULL) {
276 		printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for inostathead\n",
277 		    (unsigned)(sizeof(struct inostatlist) * (sblock.fs_ncg)));
278 		goto badsb;
279 	}
280 	numdirs = MAX(sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir, 128);
281 	dirhash = numdirs;
282 	inplast = 0;
283 	listmax = numdirs + 10;
284 	inpsort = (struct inoinfo **)calloc((unsigned)listmax,
285 	    sizeof(struct inoinfo *));
286 	inphead = (struct inoinfo **)calloc((unsigned)numdirs,
287 	    sizeof(struct inoinfo *));
288 	if (inpsort == NULL || inphead == NULL) {
289 		printf("cannot alloc %ju bytes for inphead\n",
290 		    (uintmax_t)numdirs * sizeof(struct inoinfo *));
291 		goto badsb;
292 	}
293 	bufinit();
294 	if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP)
295 		usedsoftdep = 1;
296 	else
297 		usedsoftdep = 0;
298 	return (1);
299 
300 badsb:
301 	ckfini(0);
302 	return (0);
303 }
304 
305 /*
306  * Possible superblock locations ordered from most to least likely.
307  */
308 static int sblock_try[] = SBLOCKSEARCH;
309 
310 #define BAD_MAGIC_MSG \
311 "The previous newfs operation on this volume did not complete.\n" \
312 "You must complete newfs before mounting this volume.\n"
313 
314 /*
315  * Read in the super block and its summary info.
316  */
317 int
318 readsb(int listerr)
319 {
320 	ufs2_daddr_t super;
321 	int i;
322 
323 	if (bflag) {
324 		super = bflag;
325 		if ((blread(fsreadfd, (char *)&sblock, super, (long)SBLOCKSIZE)))
326 			return (0);
327 		if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_BAD_MAGIC) {
328 			fprintf(stderr, BAD_MAGIC_MSG);
329 			exit(11);
330 		}
331 		if (sblock.fs_magic != FS_UFS1_MAGIC &&
332 		    sblock.fs_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC) {
333 			fprintf(stderr, "%d is not a file system superblock\n",
334 			    bflag);
335 			return (0);
336 		}
337 	} else {
338 		for (i = 0; sblock_try[i] != -1; i++) {
339 			super = sblock_try[i] / dev_bsize;
340 			if ((blread(fsreadfd, (char *)&sblock, super,
341 			    (long)SBLOCKSIZE)))
342 				return (0);
343 			if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_BAD_MAGIC) {
344 				fprintf(stderr, BAD_MAGIC_MSG);
345 				exit(11);
346 			}
347 			if ((sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC ||
348 			     (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC &&
349 			      sblock.fs_sblockloc == sblock_try[i])) &&
350 			    sblock.fs_ncg >= 1 &&
351 			    sblock.fs_bsize >= MINBSIZE &&
352 			    sblock.fs_sbsize >= roundup(sizeof(struct fs), dev_bsize))
353 				break;
354 		}
355 		if (sblock_try[i] == -1) {
356 			fprintf(stderr, "Cannot find file system superblock\n");
357 			return (0);
358 		}
359 	}
360 	/*
361 	 * Compute block size that the file system is based on,
362 	 * according to fsbtodb, and adjust superblock block number
363 	 * so we can tell if this is an alternate later.
364 	 */
365 	super *= dev_bsize;
366 	dev_bsize = sblock.fs_fsize / fsbtodb(&sblock, 1);
367 	sblk.b_bno = super / dev_bsize;
368 	sblk.b_size = SBLOCKSIZE;
369 	if (bflag)
370 		goto out;
371 	/*
372 	 * Compare all fields that should not differ in alternate super block.
373 	 * When an alternate super-block is specified this check is skipped.
374 	 */
375 	getblk(&asblk, cgsblock(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg - 1), sblock.fs_sbsize);
376 	if (asblk.b_errs)
377 		return (0);
378 	if (altsblock.fs_sblkno != sblock.fs_sblkno ||
379 	    altsblock.fs_cblkno != sblock.fs_cblkno ||
380 	    altsblock.fs_iblkno != sblock.fs_iblkno ||
381 	    altsblock.fs_dblkno != sblock.fs_dblkno ||
382 	    altsblock.fs_ncg != sblock.fs_ncg ||
383 	    altsblock.fs_bsize != sblock.fs_bsize ||
384 	    altsblock.fs_fsize != sblock.fs_fsize ||
385 	    altsblock.fs_frag != sblock.fs_frag ||
386 	    altsblock.fs_bmask != sblock.fs_bmask ||
387 	    altsblock.fs_fmask != sblock.fs_fmask ||
388 	    altsblock.fs_bshift != sblock.fs_bshift ||
389 	    altsblock.fs_fshift != sblock.fs_fshift ||
390 	    altsblock.fs_fragshift != sblock.fs_fragshift ||
391 	    altsblock.fs_fsbtodb != sblock.fs_fsbtodb ||
392 	    altsblock.fs_sbsize != sblock.fs_sbsize ||
393 	    altsblock.fs_nindir != sblock.fs_nindir ||
394 	    altsblock.fs_inopb != sblock.fs_inopb ||
395 	    altsblock.fs_cssize != sblock.fs_cssize ||
396 	    altsblock.fs_ipg != sblock.fs_ipg ||
397 	    altsblock.fs_fpg != sblock.fs_fpg ||
398 	    altsblock.fs_magic != sblock.fs_magic) {
399 		badsb(listerr,
400 		"VALUES IN SUPER BLOCK DISAGREE WITH THOSE IN FIRST ALTERNATE");
401 		return (0);
402 	}
403 out:
404 	/*
405 	 * If not yet done, update UFS1 superblock with new wider fields.
406 	 */
407 	if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC &&
408 	    sblock.fs_maxbsize != sblock.fs_bsize) {
409 		sblock.fs_maxbsize = sblock.fs_bsize;
410 		sblock.fs_time = sblock.fs_old_time;
411 		sblock.fs_size = sblock.fs_old_size;
412 		sblock.fs_dsize = sblock.fs_old_dsize;
413 		sblock.fs_csaddr = sblock.fs_old_csaddr;
414 		sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir;
415 		sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree;
416 		sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree;
417 		sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree;
418 	}
419 	havesb = 1;
420 	return (1);
421 }
422 
423 static void
424 badsb(int listerr, const char *s)
425 {
426 
427 	if (!listerr)
428 		return;
429 	if (preen)
430 		printf("%s: ", cdevname);
431 	pfatal("BAD SUPER BLOCK: %s\n", s);
432 }
433 
434 void
435 sblock_init(void)
436 {
437 	struct disklabel *lp;
438 
439 	fswritefd = -1;
440 	fsmodified = 0;
441 	lfdir = 0;
442 	initbarea(&sblk);
443 	initbarea(&asblk);
444 	sblk.b_un.b_buf = malloc(SBLOCKSIZE);
445 	asblk.b_un.b_buf = malloc(SBLOCKSIZE);
446 	if (sblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL || asblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL)
447 		errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate space for superblock");
448 	if ((lp = getdisklabel(NULL, fsreadfd)))
449 		real_dev_bsize = dev_bsize = secsize = lp->d_secsize;
450 	else
451 		dev_bsize = secsize = DEV_BSIZE;
452 }
453 
454 /*
455  * Calculate a prototype superblock based on information in the disk label.
456  * When done the cgsblock macro can be calculated and the fs_ncg field
457  * can be used. Do NOT attempt to use other macros without verifying that
458  * their needed information is available!
459  */
460 static int
461 calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs)
462 {
463 	struct disklabel *lp;
464 	struct partition *pp;
465 	char *cp;
466 	int i, nspf;
467 
468 	cp = strchr(dev, '\0') - 1;
469 	if (cp == (char *)-1 || ((*cp < 'a' || *cp > 'h') && !isdigit(*cp))) {
470 		pfatal("%s: CANNOT FIGURE OUT FILE SYSTEM PARTITION\n", dev);
471 		return (0);
472 	}
473 	lp = getdisklabel(dev, devfd);
474 	if (isdigit(*cp))
475 		pp = &lp->d_partitions[0];
476 	else
477 		pp = &lp->d_partitions[*cp - 'a'];
478 	if (pp->p_fstype != FS_BSDFFS) {
479 		pfatal("%s: NOT LABELED AS A BSD FILE SYSTEM (%s)\n",
480 			dev, pp->p_fstype < FSMAXTYPES ?
481 			fstypenames[pp->p_fstype] : "unknown");
482 		return (0);
483 	}
484 	if (pp->p_fsize == 0 || pp->p_frag == 0 ||
485 	    pp->p_cpg == 0 || pp->p_size == 0) {
486 		pfatal("%s: %s: type %s fsize %d, frag %d, cpg %d, size %d\n",
487 		    dev, "INCOMPLETE LABEL", fstypenames[pp->p_fstype],
488 		    pp->p_fsize, pp->p_frag, pp->p_cpg, pp->p_size);
489 		return (0);
490 	}
491 	memset(fs, 0, sizeof(struct fs));
492 	fs->fs_fsize = pp->p_fsize;
493 	fs->fs_frag = pp->p_frag;
494 	fs->fs_size = pp->p_size;
495 	fs->fs_sblkno = roundup(
496 		howmany(lp->d_bbsize + lp->d_sbsize, fs->fs_fsize),
497 		fs->fs_frag);
498 	nspf = fs->fs_fsize / lp->d_secsize;
499 	for (fs->fs_fsbtodb = 0, i = nspf; i > 1; i >>= 1)
500 		fs->fs_fsbtodb++;
501 	dev_bsize = lp->d_secsize;
502 	if (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC) {
503 		fs->fs_fpg = pp->p_cpg;
504 		fs->fs_ncg = howmany(fs->fs_size, fs->fs_fpg);
505 	} else /* if (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) */ {
506 		fs->fs_old_cpg = pp->p_cpg;
507 		fs->fs_old_cgmask = 0xffffffff;
508 		for (i = lp->d_ntracks; i > 1; i >>= 1)
509 			fs->fs_old_cgmask <<= 1;
510 		if (!POWEROF2(lp->d_ntracks))
511 			fs->fs_old_cgmask <<= 1;
512 		fs->fs_old_cgoffset = roundup(howmany(lp->d_nsectors, nspf),
513 		    fs->fs_frag);
514 		fs->fs_fpg = (fs->fs_old_cpg * lp->d_secpercyl) / nspf;
515 		fs->fs_ncg = howmany(fs->fs_size / lp->d_secpercyl,
516 		    fs->fs_old_cpg);
517 	}
518 	return (1);
519 }
520 
521 static struct disklabel *
522 getdisklabel(char *s, int fd)
523 {
524 	static struct disklabel lab;
525 
526 	if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, (char *)&lab) < 0) {
527 		if (s == NULL)
528 			return ((struct disklabel *)NULL);
529 		pwarn("ioctl (GCINFO): %s\n", strerror(errno));
530 		errx(EEXIT, "%s: can't read disk label", s);
531 	}
532 	return (&lab);
533 }
534