1 /*- 2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause 3 * 4 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17 * without specific prior written permission. 18 * 19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29 * SUCH DAMAGE. 30 */ 31 32 #if 0 33 #ifndef lint 34 static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)setup.c 8.10 (Berkeley) 5/9/95"; 35 #endif /* not lint */ 36 #endif 37 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 38 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 39 40 #include <sys/param.h> 41 #include <sys/disk.h> 42 #include <sys/stat.h> 43 #define FSTYPENAMES 44 #include <sys/disklabel.h> 45 #include <sys/file.h> 46 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 47 48 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h> 49 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h> 50 51 #include <ctype.h> 52 #include <err.h> 53 #include <errno.h> 54 #include <limits.h> 55 #include <stdint.h> 56 #include <string.h> 57 #include <libufs.h> 58 59 #include "fsck.h" 60 61 struct inoinfo **inphead, **inpsort; /* info about all inodes */ 62 63 struct bufarea asblk; 64 #define altsblock (*asblk.b_un.b_fs) 65 #define POWEROF2(num) (((num) & ((num) - 1)) == 0) 66 67 static int calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs); 68 static void saverecovery(int readfd, int writefd); 69 static int chkrecovery(int devfd); 70 71 /* 72 * Read in a superblock finding an alternate if necessary. 73 * Return 1 if successful, 0 if unsuccessful, -1 if file system 74 * is already clean (ckclean and preen mode only). 75 */ 76 int 77 setup(char *dev) 78 { 79 long cg, bmapsize; 80 struct fs proto; 81 82 /* 83 * We are expected to have an open file descriptor 84 */ 85 if (fsreadfd < 0) 86 return (0); 87 /* 88 * If we do not yet have a superblock, read it in looking 89 * for alternates if necessary. 90 */ 91 if (havesb == 0 && readsb(1) == 0) { 92 skipclean = 0; 93 if (bflag || preen || calcsb(dev, fsreadfd, &proto) == 0) 94 return(0); 95 if (reply("LOOK FOR ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") == 0) 96 return (0); 97 for (cg = 0; cg < proto.fs_ncg; cg++) { 98 bflag = fsbtodb(&proto, cgsblock(&proto, cg)); 99 if (readsb(0) != 0) 100 break; 101 } 102 if (cg >= proto.fs_ncg) { 103 printf("SEARCH FOR ALTERNATE SUPER-BLOCK FAILED. " 104 "YOU MUST USE THE\n-b OPTION TO FSCK TO SPECIFY " 105 "THE LOCATION OF AN ALTERNATE\nSUPER-BLOCK TO " 106 "SUPPLY NEEDED INFORMATION; SEE fsck_ffs(8).\n"); 107 bflag = 0; 108 return(0); 109 } 110 pwarn("USING ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCK AT %jd\n", bflag); 111 bflag = 0; 112 } 113 if (preen == 0) 114 printf("** %s", dev); 115 if (bkgrdflag == 0 && 116 (nflag || (fswritefd = open(dev, O_WRONLY)) < 0)) { 117 fswritefd = -1; 118 if (preen) 119 pfatal("NO WRITE ACCESS"); 120 printf(" (NO WRITE)"); 121 } 122 if (preen == 0) 123 printf("\n"); 124 if (sbhashfailed != 0) { 125 pwarn("SUPERBLOCK CHECK HASH FAILED"); 126 if (fswritefd == -1) 127 pwarn("OPENED READONLY SO CANNOT CORRECT CHECK HASH\n"); 128 else if (preen || reply("CORRECT CHECK HASH") != 0) { 129 if (preen) 130 printf(" (CORRECTED)\n"); 131 sblock.fs_clean = 0; 132 sbdirty(); 133 } 134 } 135 if (skipclean && ckclean && sblock.fs_clean) { 136 pwarn("FILE SYSTEM CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS\n"); 137 return (-1); 138 } 139 maxfsblock = sblock.fs_size; 140 maxino = sblock.fs_ncg * sblock.fs_ipg; 141 /* 142 * Check and potentially fix certain fields in the super block. 143 */ 144 if (sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTTIME && sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTSPACE) { 145 pfatal("UNDEFINED OPTIMIZATION IN SUPERBLOCK"); 146 if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) { 147 sblock.fs_optim = FS_OPTTIME; 148 sbdirty(); 149 } 150 } 151 if ((sblock.fs_minfree < 0 || sblock.fs_minfree > 99)) { 152 pfatal("IMPOSSIBLE MINFREE=%d IN SUPERBLOCK", 153 sblock.fs_minfree); 154 if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) { 155 sblock.fs_minfree = 10; 156 sbdirty(); 157 } 158 } 159 if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC && 160 sblock.fs_old_inodefmt < FS_44INODEFMT) { 161 pwarn("Format of file system is too old.\n"); 162 pwarn("Must update to modern format using a version of fsck\n"); 163 pfatal("from before 2002 with the command ``fsck -c 2''\n"); 164 exit(EEXIT); 165 } 166 if ((asblk.b_flags & B_DIRTY) != 0 && !bflag) { 167 memmove(&altsblock, &sblock, (size_t)sblock.fs_sbsize); 168 flush(fswritefd, &asblk); 169 } 170 if (preen == 0 && yflag == 0 && sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC && 171 fswritefd != -1 && chkrecovery(fsreadfd) == 0 && 172 reply("SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") != 0) 173 saverecovery(fsreadfd, fswritefd); 174 /* 175 * allocate and initialize the necessary maps 176 */ 177 bmapsize = roundup(howmany(maxfsblock, CHAR_BIT), sizeof(short)); 178 blockmap = Calloc((unsigned)bmapsize, sizeof (char)); 179 if (blockmap == NULL) { 180 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for blockmap\n", 181 (unsigned)bmapsize); 182 goto badsb; 183 } 184 inostathead = Calloc(sblock.fs_ncg, sizeof(struct inostatlist)); 185 if (inostathead == NULL) { 186 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for inostathead\n", 187 (unsigned)(sizeof(struct inostatlist) * (sblock.fs_ncg))); 188 goto badsb; 189 } 190 numdirs = MAX(sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir, 128); 191 dirhash = numdirs; 192 inplast = 0; 193 listmax = numdirs + 10; 194 inpsort = (struct inoinfo **)Calloc(listmax, sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 195 inphead = (struct inoinfo **)Calloc(numdirs, sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 196 if (inpsort == NULL || inphead == NULL) { 197 printf("cannot alloc %ju bytes for inphead\n", 198 (uintmax_t)numdirs * sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 199 goto badsb; 200 } 201 bufinit(); 202 if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP) 203 usedsoftdep = 1; 204 else 205 usedsoftdep = 0; 206 return (1); 207 208 badsb: 209 ckfini(0); 210 return (0); 211 } 212 213 /* 214 * Open a device or file to be checked by fsck. 215 */ 216 int 217 openfilesys(char *dev) 218 { 219 struct stat statb; 220 int saved_fsreadfd; 221 222 if (stat(dev, &statb) < 0) 223 return (0); 224 if ((statb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR && 225 (statb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFBLK) { 226 if (bkgrdflag != 0 && (statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) == 0) { 227 pfatal("BACKGROUND FSCK LACKS A SNAPSHOT\n"); 228 exit(EEXIT); 229 } 230 if (bkgrdflag != 0) { 231 cursnapshot = statb.st_ino; 232 } else { 233 pfatal("%s IS NOT A DISK DEVICE\n", dev); 234 if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0) 235 return (0); 236 } 237 } 238 saved_fsreadfd = fsreadfd; 239 if ((fsreadfd = open(dev, O_RDONLY)) < 0) { 240 fsreadfd = saved_fsreadfd; 241 return (0); 242 } 243 if (saved_fsreadfd != -1) 244 close(saved_fsreadfd); 245 return (1); 246 } 247 248 /* 249 * Read in the super block and its summary info. 250 */ 251 int 252 readsb(int listerr) 253 { 254 off_t super; 255 int bad, ret; 256 struct fs *fs; 257 258 super = bflag ? bflag * dev_bsize : 259 sbhashfailed ? STDSB_NOHASHFAIL_NOMSG : STDSB_NOMSG; 260 readcnt[sblk.b_type]++; 261 while ((ret = sbget(fsreadfd, &fs, super)) != 0) { 262 switch (ret) { 263 case EINTEGRITY: 264 if (bflag || super == STDSB_NOHASHFAIL_NOMSG) 265 return (0); 266 super = STDSB_NOHASHFAIL_NOMSG; 267 sbhashfailed = 1; 268 continue; 269 case ENOENT: 270 if (bflag) 271 printf("%jd is not a file system " 272 "superblock\n", super / dev_bsize); 273 else 274 printf("Cannot find file system " 275 "superblock\n"); 276 return (0); 277 case EIO: 278 default: 279 printf("I/O error reading %jd\n", 280 super / dev_bsize); 281 return (0); 282 } 283 } 284 memcpy(&sblock, fs, fs->fs_sbsize); 285 free(fs); 286 /* 287 * Compute block size that the file system is based on, 288 * according to fsbtodb, and adjust superblock block number 289 * so we can tell if this is an alternate later. 290 */ 291 dev_bsize = sblock.fs_fsize / fsbtodb(&sblock, 1); 292 sblk.b_bno = sblock.fs_sblockactualloc / dev_bsize; 293 sblk.b_size = SBLOCKSIZE; 294 /* 295 * Compare all fields that should not differ in alternate super block. 296 * When an alternate super-block is specified this check is skipped. 297 */ 298 if (bflag) 299 goto out; 300 getblk(&asblk, cgsblock(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg - 1), sblock.fs_sbsize); 301 if (asblk.b_errs) 302 return (0); 303 bad = 0; 304 #define CHK(x, y) \ 305 if (altsblock.x != sblock.x) { \ 306 bad++; \ 307 if (listerr && debug) \ 308 printf("SUPER BLOCK VS ALTERNATE MISMATCH %s: " y " vs " y "\n", \ 309 #x, (intmax_t)sblock.x, (intmax_t)altsblock.x); \ 310 } 311 CHK(fs_sblkno, "%jd"); 312 CHK(fs_cblkno, "%jd"); 313 CHK(fs_iblkno, "%jd"); 314 CHK(fs_dblkno, "%jd"); 315 CHK(fs_ncg, "%jd"); 316 CHK(fs_bsize, "%jd"); 317 CHK(fs_fsize, "%jd"); 318 CHK(fs_frag, "%jd"); 319 CHK(fs_bmask, "%#jx"); 320 CHK(fs_fmask, "%#jx"); 321 CHK(fs_bshift, "%jd"); 322 CHK(fs_fshift, "%jd"); 323 CHK(fs_fragshift, "%jd"); 324 CHK(fs_fsbtodb, "%jd"); 325 CHK(fs_sbsize, "%jd"); 326 CHK(fs_nindir, "%jd"); 327 CHK(fs_inopb, "%jd"); 328 CHK(fs_cssize, "%jd"); 329 CHK(fs_ipg, "%jd"); 330 CHK(fs_fpg, "%jd"); 331 CHK(fs_magic, "%#jx"); 332 #undef CHK 333 if (bad) { 334 if (listerr == 0) 335 return (0); 336 if (preen) 337 printf("%s: ", cdevname); 338 printf( 339 "VALUES IN SUPER BLOCK LSB=%jd DISAGREE WITH THOSE IN\n" 340 "LAST ALTERNATE LSB=%jd\n", 341 sblk.b_bno, asblk.b_bno); 342 if (reply("IGNORE ALTERNATE SUPER BLOCK") == 0) 343 return (0); 344 } 345 out: 346 /* 347 * If not yet done, update UFS1 superblock with new wider fields. 348 */ 349 if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC && 350 sblock.fs_maxbsize != sblock.fs_bsize) { 351 sblock.fs_maxbsize = sblock.fs_bsize; 352 sblock.fs_time = sblock.fs_old_time; 353 sblock.fs_size = sblock.fs_old_size; 354 sblock.fs_dsize = sblock.fs_old_dsize; 355 sblock.fs_csaddr = sblock.fs_old_csaddr; 356 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir; 357 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree; 358 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree; 359 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree; 360 } 361 havesb = 1; 362 return (1); 363 } 364 365 void 366 sblock_init(void) 367 { 368 369 fsreadfd = -1; 370 fswritefd = -1; 371 fsmodified = 0; 372 lfdir = 0; 373 initbarea(&sblk, BT_SUPERBLK); 374 initbarea(&asblk, BT_SUPERBLK); 375 sblk.b_un.b_buf = Malloc(SBLOCKSIZE); 376 asblk.b_un.b_buf = Malloc(SBLOCKSIZE); 377 if (sblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL || asblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL) 378 errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate space for superblock"); 379 dev_bsize = secsize = DEV_BSIZE; 380 } 381 382 /* 383 * Calculate a prototype superblock based on information in the boot area. 384 * When done the cgsblock macro can be calculated and the fs_ncg field 385 * can be used. Do NOT attempt to use other macros without verifying that 386 * their needed information is available! 387 */ 388 static int 389 calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs) 390 { 391 struct fsrecovery *fsr; 392 char *fsrbuf; 393 u_int secsize; 394 395 /* 396 * We need fragments-per-group and the partition-size. 397 * 398 * Newfs stores these details at the end of the boot block area 399 * at the start of the filesystem partition. If they have been 400 * overwritten by a boot block, we fail. But usually they are 401 * there and we can use them. 402 */ 403 if (ioctl(devfd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) == -1) 404 return (0); 405 fsrbuf = Malloc(secsize); 406 if (fsrbuf == NULL) 407 errx(EEXIT, "calcsb: cannot allocate recovery buffer"); 408 if (blread(devfd, fsrbuf, 409 (SBLOCK_UFS2 - secsize) / dev_bsize, secsize) != 0) { 410 free(fsrbuf); 411 return (0); 412 } 413 fsr = (struct fsrecovery *)&fsrbuf[secsize - sizeof *fsr]; 414 if (fsr->fsr_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC) { 415 free(fsrbuf); 416 return (0); 417 } 418 memset(fs, 0, sizeof(struct fs)); 419 fs->fs_fpg = fsr->fsr_fpg; 420 fs->fs_fsbtodb = fsr->fsr_fsbtodb; 421 fs->fs_sblkno = fsr->fsr_sblkno; 422 fs->fs_magic = fsr->fsr_magic; 423 fs->fs_ncg = fsr->fsr_ncg; 424 free(fsrbuf); 425 return (1); 426 } 427 428 /* 429 * Check to see if recovery information exists. 430 * Return 1 if it exists or cannot be created. 431 * Return 0 if it does not exist and can be created. 432 */ 433 static int 434 chkrecovery(int devfd) 435 { 436 struct fsrecovery *fsr; 437 char *fsrbuf; 438 u_int secsize, rdsize; 439 440 /* 441 * Could not determine if backup material exists, so do not 442 * offer to create it. 443 */ 444 fsrbuf = NULL; 445 rdsize = sblock.fs_fsize; 446 if (ioctl(devfd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) == -1 || 447 rdsize % secsize != 0 || 448 (fsrbuf = Malloc(rdsize)) == NULL || 449 blread(devfd, fsrbuf, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - rdsize) / dev_bsize, 450 rdsize) != 0) { 451 free(fsrbuf); 452 return (1); 453 } 454 /* 455 * Recovery material has already been created, so do not 456 * need to create it again. 457 */ 458 fsr = (struct fsrecovery *)&fsrbuf[rdsize - sizeof *fsr]; 459 if (fsr->fsr_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC) { 460 free(fsrbuf); 461 return (1); 462 } 463 /* 464 * Recovery material has not been created and can be if desired. 465 */ 466 free(fsrbuf); 467 return (0); 468 } 469 470 /* 471 * Read the last filesystem-size piece of the boot block, replace the 472 * last 20 bytes with the recovery information, then write it back. 473 * The recovery information only works for UFS2 filesystems. 474 */ 475 static void 476 saverecovery(int readfd, int writefd) 477 { 478 struct fsrecovery *fsr; 479 char *fsrbuf; 480 u_int secsize, rdsize; 481 482 fsrbuf = NULL; 483 rdsize = sblock.fs_fsize; 484 if (sblock.fs_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC || 485 ioctl(readfd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) == -1 || 486 rdsize % secsize != 0 || 487 (fsrbuf = Malloc(rdsize)) == NULL || 488 blread(readfd, fsrbuf, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - rdsize) / dev_bsize, 489 rdsize) != 0) { 490 printf("RECOVERY DATA COULD NOT BE CREATED\n"); 491 free(fsrbuf); 492 return; 493 } 494 fsr = (struct fsrecovery *)&fsrbuf[rdsize - sizeof *fsr]; 495 fsr->fsr_magic = sblock.fs_magic; 496 fsr->fsr_fpg = sblock.fs_fpg; 497 fsr->fsr_fsbtodb = sblock.fs_fsbtodb; 498 fsr->fsr_sblkno = sblock.fs_sblkno; 499 fsr->fsr_ncg = sblock.fs_ncg; 500 blwrite(writefd, fsrbuf, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - rdsize) / dev_bsize, rdsize); 501 free(fsrbuf); 502 } 503