1 /*- 2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause 3 * 4 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17 * without specific prior written permission. 18 * 19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29 * SUCH DAMAGE. 30 */ 31 32 #if 0 33 #ifndef lint 34 static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)setup.c 8.10 (Berkeley) 5/9/95"; 35 #endif /* not lint */ 36 #endif 37 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 38 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 39 40 #include <sys/param.h> 41 #include <sys/disk.h> 42 #include <sys/stat.h> 43 #define FSTYPENAMES 44 #include <sys/disklabel.h> 45 #include <sys/file.h> 46 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 47 48 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h> 49 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h> 50 51 #include <ctype.h> 52 #include <err.h> 53 #include <errno.h> 54 #include <limits.h> 55 #include <stdint.h> 56 #include <string.h> 57 #include <libufs.h> 58 59 #include "fsck.h" 60 61 struct inoinfo **inphead, **inpsort; /* info about all inodes */ 62 63 struct bufarea asblk; 64 #define altsblock (*asblk.b_un.b_fs) 65 #define POWEROF2(num) (((num) & ((num) - 1)) == 0) 66 67 static int calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs); 68 static void saverecovery(int readfd, int writefd); 69 static int chkrecovery(int devfd); 70 71 /* 72 * Read in a superblock finding an alternate if necessary. 73 * Return 1 if successful, 0 if unsuccessful, -1 if file system 74 * is already clean (ckclean and preen mode only). 75 */ 76 int 77 setup(char *dev) 78 { 79 long cg, bmapsize; 80 struct fs proto; 81 82 /* 83 * We are expected to have an open file descriptor 84 */ 85 if (fsreadfd < 0) 86 return (0); 87 /* 88 * If we do not yet have a superblock, read it in looking 89 * for alternates if necessary. 90 */ 91 if (havesb == 0 && readsb(1) == 0) { 92 skipclean = 0; 93 if (bflag || preen || calcsb(dev, fsreadfd, &proto) == 0) 94 return(0); 95 if (reply("LOOK FOR ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") == 0) 96 return (0); 97 for (cg = 0; cg < proto.fs_ncg; cg++) { 98 bflag = fsbtodb(&proto, cgsblock(&proto, cg)); 99 if (readsb(0) != 0) 100 break; 101 } 102 if (cg >= proto.fs_ncg) { 103 printf("SEARCH FOR ALTERNATE SUPER-BLOCK FAILED. " 104 "YOU MUST USE THE\n-b OPTION TO FSCK TO SPECIFY " 105 "THE LOCATION OF AN ALTERNATE\nSUPER-BLOCK TO " 106 "SUPPLY NEEDED INFORMATION; SEE fsck_ffs(8).\n"); 107 bflag = 0; 108 return(0); 109 } 110 pwarn("USING ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCK AT %jd\n", bflag); 111 bflag = 0; 112 } 113 if (preen == 0) 114 printf("** %s", dev); 115 if (bkgrdflag == 0 && 116 (nflag || (fswritefd = open(dev, O_WRONLY)) < 0)) { 117 fswritefd = -1; 118 if (preen) 119 pfatal("NO WRITE ACCESS"); 120 printf(" (NO WRITE)"); 121 } 122 if (preen == 0) 123 printf("\n"); 124 if (sbhashfailed != 0) { 125 pwarn("SUPERBLOCK CHECK HASH FAILED"); 126 if (fswritefd == -1) 127 pwarn("OPENED READONLY SO CANNOT CORRECT CHECK HASH\n"); 128 else if (preen || reply("CORRECT CHECK HASH") != 0) { 129 if (preen) 130 printf(" (CORRECTED)\n"); 131 sblock.fs_clean = 0; 132 sbdirty(); 133 } 134 } 135 if (skipclean && ckclean && sblock.fs_clean) { 136 pwarn("FILE SYSTEM CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS\n"); 137 return (-1); 138 } 139 maxfsblock = sblock.fs_size; 140 maxino = sblock.fs_ncg * sblock.fs_ipg; 141 /* 142 * Check and potentially fix certain fields in the super block. 143 */ 144 if (sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTTIME && sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTSPACE) { 145 pfatal("UNDEFINED OPTIMIZATION IN SUPERBLOCK"); 146 if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) { 147 sblock.fs_optim = FS_OPTTIME; 148 sbdirty(); 149 } 150 } 151 if ((sblock.fs_minfree < 0 || sblock.fs_minfree > 99)) { 152 pfatal("IMPOSSIBLE MINFREE=%d IN SUPERBLOCK", 153 sblock.fs_minfree); 154 if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) { 155 sblock.fs_minfree = 10; 156 sbdirty(); 157 } 158 } 159 if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC && 160 sblock.fs_old_inodefmt < FS_44INODEFMT) { 161 pwarn("Format of file system is too old.\n"); 162 pwarn("Must update to modern format using a version of fsck\n"); 163 pfatal("from before 2002 with the command ``fsck -c 2''\n"); 164 exit(EEXIT); 165 } 166 if ((asblk.b_flags & B_DIRTY) != 0 && !bflag) { 167 memmove(&altsblock, &sblock, (size_t)sblock.fs_sbsize); 168 flush(fswritefd, &asblk); 169 } 170 if (preen == 0 && yflag == 0 && sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC && 171 fswritefd != -1 && chkrecovery(fsreadfd) == 0 && 172 reply("SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") != 0) 173 saverecovery(fsreadfd, fswritefd); 174 /* 175 * allocate and initialize the necessary maps 176 */ 177 bmapsize = roundup(howmany(maxfsblock, CHAR_BIT), sizeof(short)); 178 blockmap = Calloc((unsigned)bmapsize, sizeof (char)); 179 if (blockmap == NULL) { 180 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for blockmap\n", 181 (unsigned)bmapsize); 182 goto badsb; 183 } 184 inostathead = Calloc(sblock.fs_ncg, sizeof(struct inostatlist)); 185 if (inostathead == NULL) { 186 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for inostathead\n", 187 (unsigned)(sizeof(struct inostatlist) * (sblock.fs_ncg))); 188 goto badsb; 189 } 190 numdirs = MAX(sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir, 128); 191 dirhash = numdirs; 192 inplast = 0; 193 listmax = numdirs + 10; 194 inpsort = (struct inoinfo **)Calloc(listmax, sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 195 inphead = (struct inoinfo **)Calloc(numdirs, sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 196 if (inpsort == NULL || inphead == NULL) { 197 printf("cannot alloc %ju bytes for inphead\n", 198 (uintmax_t)numdirs * sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 199 goto badsb; 200 } 201 bufinit(); 202 if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP) 203 usedsoftdep = 1; 204 else 205 usedsoftdep = 0; 206 return (1); 207 208 badsb: 209 ckfini(0); 210 return (0); 211 } 212 213 /* 214 * Read in the super block and its summary info. 215 */ 216 int 217 readsb(int listerr) 218 { 219 off_t super; 220 int bad, ret; 221 struct fs *fs; 222 223 super = bflag ? bflag * dev_bsize : 224 sbhashfailed ? STDSB_NOHASHFAIL_NOMSG : STDSB_NOMSG; 225 readcnt[sblk.b_type]++; 226 while ((ret = sbget(fsreadfd, &fs, super)) != 0) { 227 switch (ret) { 228 case EINTEGRITY: 229 if (bflag || super == STDSB_NOHASHFAIL_NOMSG) 230 return (0); 231 super = STDSB_NOHASHFAIL_NOMSG; 232 sbhashfailed = 1; 233 continue; 234 case ENOENT: 235 if (bflag) 236 printf("%jd is not a file system " 237 "superblock\n", super / dev_bsize); 238 else 239 printf("Cannot find file system " 240 "superblock\n"); 241 return (0); 242 case EIO: 243 default: 244 printf("I/O error reading %jd\n", 245 super / dev_bsize); 246 return (0); 247 } 248 } 249 memcpy(&sblock, fs, fs->fs_sbsize); 250 free(fs); 251 /* 252 * Compute block size that the file system is based on, 253 * according to fsbtodb, and adjust superblock block number 254 * so we can tell if this is an alternate later. 255 */ 256 dev_bsize = sblock.fs_fsize / fsbtodb(&sblock, 1); 257 sblk.b_bno = sblock.fs_sblockactualloc / dev_bsize; 258 sblk.b_size = SBLOCKSIZE; 259 /* 260 * Compare all fields that should not differ in alternate super block. 261 * When an alternate super-block is specified this check is skipped. 262 */ 263 if (bflag) 264 goto out; 265 getblk(&asblk, cgsblock(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg - 1), sblock.fs_sbsize); 266 if (asblk.b_errs) 267 return (0); 268 bad = 0; 269 #define CHK(x, y) \ 270 if (altsblock.x != sblock.x) { \ 271 bad++; \ 272 if (listerr && debug) \ 273 printf("SUPER BLOCK VS ALTERNATE MISMATCH %s: " y " vs " y "\n", \ 274 #x, (intmax_t)sblock.x, (intmax_t)altsblock.x); \ 275 } 276 CHK(fs_sblkno, "%jd"); 277 CHK(fs_cblkno, "%jd"); 278 CHK(fs_iblkno, "%jd"); 279 CHK(fs_dblkno, "%jd"); 280 CHK(fs_ncg, "%jd"); 281 CHK(fs_bsize, "%jd"); 282 CHK(fs_fsize, "%jd"); 283 CHK(fs_frag, "%jd"); 284 CHK(fs_bmask, "%#jx"); 285 CHK(fs_fmask, "%#jx"); 286 CHK(fs_bshift, "%jd"); 287 CHK(fs_fshift, "%jd"); 288 CHK(fs_fragshift, "%jd"); 289 CHK(fs_fsbtodb, "%jd"); 290 CHK(fs_sbsize, "%jd"); 291 CHK(fs_nindir, "%jd"); 292 CHK(fs_inopb, "%jd"); 293 CHK(fs_cssize, "%jd"); 294 CHK(fs_ipg, "%jd"); 295 CHK(fs_fpg, "%jd"); 296 CHK(fs_magic, "%#jx"); 297 #undef CHK 298 if (bad) { 299 if (listerr == 0) 300 return (0); 301 if (preen) 302 printf("%s: ", cdevname); 303 printf( 304 "VALUES IN SUPER BLOCK LSB=%jd DISAGREE WITH THOSE IN\n" 305 "LAST ALTERNATE LSB=%jd\n", 306 sblk.b_bno, asblk.b_bno); 307 if (reply("IGNORE ALTERNATE SUPER BLOCK") == 0) 308 return (0); 309 } 310 out: 311 /* 312 * If not yet done, update UFS1 superblock with new wider fields. 313 */ 314 if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC && 315 sblock.fs_maxbsize != sblock.fs_bsize) { 316 sblock.fs_maxbsize = sblock.fs_bsize; 317 sblock.fs_time = sblock.fs_old_time; 318 sblock.fs_size = sblock.fs_old_size; 319 sblock.fs_dsize = sblock.fs_old_dsize; 320 sblock.fs_csaddr = sblock.fs_old_csaddr; 321 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir; 322 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree; 323 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree; 324 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree; 325 } 326 havesb = 1; 327 return (1); 328 } 329 330 void 331 sblock_init(void) 332 { 333 334 fswritefd = -1; 335 fsmodified = 0; 336 lfdir = 0; 337 initbarea(&sblk, BT_SUPERBLK); 338 initbarea(&asblk, BT_SUPERBLK); 339 sblk.b_un.b_buf = Malloc(SBLOCKSIZE); 340 asblk.b_un.b_buf = Malloc(SBLOCKSIZE); 341 if (sblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL || asblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL) 342 errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate space for superblock"); 343 dev_bsize = secsize = DEV_BSIZE; 344 } 345 346 /* 347 * Calculate a prototype superblock based on information in the boot area. 348 * When done the cgsblock macro can be calculated and the fs_ncg field 349 * can be used. Do NOT attempt to use other macros without verifying that 350 * their needed information is available! 351 */ 352 static int 353 calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs) 354 { 355 struct fsrecovery *fsr; 356 char *fsrbuf; 357 u_int secsize; 358 359 /* 360 * We need fragments-per-group and the partition-size. 361 * 362 * Newfs stores these details at the end of the boot block area 363 * at the start of the filesystem partition. If they have been 364 * overwritten by a boot block, we fail. But usually they are 365 * there and we can use them. 366 */ 367 if (ioctl(devfd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) == -1) 368 return (0); 369 fsrbuf = Malloc(secsize); 370 if (fsrbuf == NULL) 371 errx(EEXIT, "calcsb: cannot allocate recovery buffer"); 372 if (blread(devfd, fsrbuf, 373 (SBLOCK_UFS2 - secsize) / dev_bsize, secsize) != 0) { 374 free(fsrbuf); 375 return (0); 376 } 377 fsr = (struct fsrecovery *)&fsrbuf[secsize - sizeof *fsr]; 378 if (fsr->fsr_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC) { 379 free(fsrbuf); 380 return (0); 381 } 382 memset(fs, 0, sizeof(struct fs)); 383 fs->fs_fpg = fsr->fsr_fpg; 384 fs->fs_fsbtodb = fsr->fsr_fsbtodb; 385 fs->fs_sblkno = fsr->fsr_sblkno; 386 fs->fs_magic = fsr->fsr_magic; 387 fs->fs_ncg = fsr->fsr_ncg; 388 free(fsrbuf); 389 return (1); 390 } 391 392 /* 393 * Check to see if recovery information exists. 394 * Return 1 if it exists or cannot be created. 395 * Return 0 if it does not exist and can be created. 396 */ 397 static int 398 chkrecovery(int devfd) 399 { 400 struct fsrecovery *fsr; 401 char *fsrbuf; 402 u_int secsize; 403 404 /* 405 * Could not determine if backup material exists, so do not 406 * offer to create it. 407 */ 408 fsrbuf = NULL; 409 if (ioctl(devfd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) == -1 || 410 (fsrbuf = Malloc(secsize)) == NULL || 411 blread(devfd, fsrbuf, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - secsize) / dev_bsize, 412 secsize) != 0) { 413 free(fsrbuf); 414 return (1); 415 } 416 /* 417 * Recovery material has already been created, so do not 418 * need to create it again. 419 */ 420 fsr = (struct fsrecovery *)&fsrbuf[secsize - sizeof *fsr]; 421 if (fsr->fsr_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC) { 422 free(fsrbuf); 423 return (1); 424 } 425 /* 426 * Recovery material has not been created and can be if desired. 427 */ 428 free(fsrbuf); 429 return (0); 430 } 431 432 /* 433 * Read the last sector of the boot block, replace the last 434 * 20 bytes with the recovery information, then write it back. 435 * The recovery information only works for UFS2 filesystems. 436 */ 437 static void 438 saverecovery(int readfd, int writefd) 439 { 440 struct fsrecovery *fsr; 441 char *fsrbuf; 442 u_int secsize; 443 444 fsrbuf = NULL; 445 if (sblock.fs_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC || 446 ioctl(readfd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) == -1 || 447 (fsrbuf = Malloc(secsize)) == NULL || 448 blread(readfd, fsrbuf, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - secsize) / dev_bsize, 449 secsize) != 0) { 450 printf("RECOVERY DATA COULD NOT BE CREATED\n"); 451 free(fsrbuf); 452 return; 453 } 454 fsr = (struct fsrecovery *)&fsrbuf[secsize - sizeof *fsr]; 455 fsr->fsr_magic = sblock.fs_magic; 456 fsr->fsr_fpg = sblock.fs_fpg; 457 fsr->fsr_fsbtodb = sblock.fs_fsbtodb; 458 fsr->fsr_sblkno = sblock.fs_sblkno; 459 fsr->fsr_ncg = sblock.fs_ncg; 460 blwrite(writefd, fsrbuf, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - secsize) / secsize, secsize); 461 free(fsrbuf); 462 } 463