1 /*- 2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause 3 * 4 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17 * without specific prior written permission. 18 * 19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29 * SUCH DAMAGE. 30 */ 31 32 #if 0 33 #ifndef lint 34 static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)setup.c 8.10 (Berkeley) 5/9/95"; 35 #endif /* not lint */ 36 #endif 37 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 38 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 39 40 #include <sys/param.h> 41 #include <sys/disk.h> 42 #include <sys/stat.h> 43 #define FSTYPENAMES 44 #include <sys/disklabel.h> 45 #include <sys/file.h> 46 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 47 48 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h> 49 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h> 50 51 #include <ctype.h> 52 #include <err.h> 53 #include <errno.h> 54 #include <limits.h> 55 #include <stdint.h> 56 #include <string.h> 57 #include <libufs.h> 58 59 #include "fsck.h" 60 61 struct inoinfo **inphead, **inpsort; /* info about all inodes */ 62 63 #define POWEROF2(num) (((num) & ((num) - 1)) == 0) 64 65 static int calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs); 66 static void saverecovery(int readfd, int writefd); 67 static int chkrecovery(int devfd); 68 69 /* 70 * Read in a superblock finding an alternate if necessary. 71 * Return 1 if successful, 0 if unsuccessful, -1 if file system 72 * is already clean (ckclean and preen mode only). 73 */ 74 int 75 setup(char *dev) 76 { 77 long cg, bmapsize; 78 struct fs proto; 79 80 /* 81 * We are expected to have an open file descriptor 82 */ 83 if (fsreadfd < 0) 84 return (0); 85 /* 86 * If we do not yet have a superblock, read it in looking 87 * for alternates if necessary. 88 */ 89 if (havesb == 0 && readsb(1) == 0) { 90 skipclean = 0; 91 if (bflag || preen || calcsb(dev, fsreadfd, &proto) == 0) 92 return(0); 93 if (reply("LOOK FOR ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") == 0) 94 return (0); 95 for (cg = 0; cg < proto.fs_ncg; cg++) { 96 bflag = fsbtodb(&proto, cgsblock(&proto, cg)); 97 if (readsb(0) != 0) 98 break; 99 } 100 if (cg >= proto.fs_ncg) { 101 printf("SEARCH FOR ALTERNATE SUPER-BLOCK FAILED. " 102 "YOU MUST USE THE\n-b OPTION TO FSCK TO SPECIFY " 103 "THE LOCATION OF AN ALTERNATE\nSUPER-BLOCK TO " 104 "SUPPLY NEEDED INFORMATION; SEE fsck_ffs(8).\n"); 105 bflag = 0; 106 return(0); 107 } 108 pwarn("USING ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCK AT %jd\n", bflag); 109 bflag = 0; 110 } 111 if (preen == 0) 112 printf("** %s", dev); 113 if (bkgrdflag == 0 && 114 (nflag || (fswritefd = open(dev, O_WRONLY)) < 0)) { 115 fswritefd = -1; 116 if (preen) 117 pfatal("NO WRITE ACCESS"); 118 printf(" (NO WRITE)"); 119 } 120 if (preen == 0) 121 printf("\n"); 122 if (sbhashfailed != 0) { 123 pwarn("SUPERBLOCK CHECK HASH FAILED"); 124 if (fswritefd == -1) 125 pwarn("OPENED READONLY SO CANNOT CORRECT CHECK HASH\n"); 126 else if (preen || reply("CORRECT CHECK HASH") != 0) { 127 if (preen) 128 printf(" (CORRECTED)\n"); 129 sblock.fs_clean = 0; 130 sbdirty(); 131 } 132 } 133 if (skipclean && ckclean && sblock.fs_clean) { 134 pwarn("FILE SYSTEM CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS\n"); 135 return (-1); 136 } 137 maxfsblock = sblock.fs_size; 138 maxino = sblock.fs_ncg * sblock.fs_ipg; 139 /* 140 * Check and potentially fix certain fields in the super block. 141 */ 142 if (sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTTIME && sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTSPACE) { 143 pfatal("UNDEFINED OPTIMIZATION IN SUPERBLOCK"); 144 if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) { 145 sblock.fs_optim = FS_OPTTIME; 146 sbdirty(); 147 } 148 } 149 if ((sblock.fs_minfree < 0 || sblock.fs_minfree > 99)) { 150 pfatal("IMPOSSIBLE MINFREE=%d IN SUPERBLOCK", 151 sblock.fs_minfree); 152 if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) { 153 sblock.fs_minfree = 10; 154 sbdirty(); 155 } 156 } 157 if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC && 158 sblock.fs_old_inodefmt < FS_44INODEFMT) { 159 pwarn("Format of file system is too old.\n"); 160 pwarn("Must update to modern format using a version of fsck\n"); 161 pfatal("from before 2002 with the command ``fsck -c 2''\n"); 162 exit(EEXIT); 163 } 164 if (preen == 0 && yflag == 0 && sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC && 165 fswritefd != -1 && chkrecovery(fsreadfd) == 0 && 166 reply("SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") != 0) 167 saverecovery(fsreadfd, fswritefd); 168 /* 169 * allocate and initialize the necessary maps 170 */ 171 bmapsize = roundup(howmany(maxfsblock, CHAR_BIT), sizeof(short)); 172 blockmap = Calloc((unsigned)bmapsize, sizeof (char)); 173 if (blockmap == NULL) { 174 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for blockmap\n", 175 (unsigned)bmapsize); 176 goto badsb; 177 } 178 inostathead = Calloc(sblock.fs_ncg, sizeof(struct inostatlist)); 179 if (inostathead == NULL) { 180 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for inostathead\n", 181 (unsigned)(sizeof(struct inostatlist) * (sblock.fs_ncg))); 182 goto badsb; 183 } 184 numdirs = MAX(sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir, 128); 185 dirhash = numdirs; 186 inplast = 0; 187 listmax = numdirs + 10; 188 inpsort = (struct inoinfo **)Calloc(listmax, sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 189 inphead = (struct inoinfo **)Calloc(numdirs, sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 190 if (inpsort == NULL || inphead == NULL) { 191 printf("cannot alloc %ju bytes for inphead\n", 192 (uintmax_t)numdirs * sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 193 goto badsb; 194 } 195 bufinit(); 196 if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP) 197 usedsoftdep = 1; 198 else 199 usedsoftdep = 0; 200 return (1); 201 202 badsb: 203 ckfini(0); 204 return (0); 205 } 206 207 /* 208 * Open a device or file to be checked by fsck. 209 */ 210 int 211 openfilesys(char *dev) 212 { 213 struct stat statb; 214 int saved_fsreadfd; 215 216 if (stat(dev, &statb) < 0) 217 return (0); 218 if ((statb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR && 219 (statb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFBLK) { 220 if (bkgrdflag != 0 && (statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) == 0) { 221 pfatal("BACKGROUND FSCK LACKS A SNAPSHOT\n"); 222 exit(EEXIT); 223 } 224 if (bkgrdflag != 0) { 225 cursnapshot = statb.st_ino; 226 } else { 227 pfatal("%s IS NOT A DISK DEVICE\n", dev); 228 if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0) 229 return (0); 230 } 231 } 232 saved_fsreadfd = fsreadfd; 233 if ((fsreadfd = open(dev, O_RDONLY)) < 0) { 234 fsreadfd = saved_fsreadfd; 235 return (0); 236 } 237 if (saved_fsreadfd != -1) 238 close(saved_fsreadfd); 239 return (1); 240 } 241 242 /* 243 * Read in the super block and its summary info. 244 */ 245 int 246 readsb(int listerr) 247 { 248 off_t super; 249 int ret, flags; 250 struct fs *fs; 251 252 super = bflag ? bflag * dev_bsize : UFS_STDSB; 253 flags = sbhashfailed ? UFS_NOHASHFAIL | UFS_NOMSG : UFS_NOMSG; 254 readcnt[sblk.b_type]++; 255 while ((ret = sbget(fsreadfd, &fs, super, flags)) != 0) { 256 switch (ret) { 257 case EINTEGRITY: 258 if (bflag || (super == UFS_STDSB && 259 flags == (UFS_NOHASHFAIL | UFS_NOMSG))) 260 return (0); 261 super = UFS_STDSB; 262 flags = UFS_NOHASHFAIL | UFS_NOMSG; 263 sbhashfailed = 1; 264 continue; 265 case ENOENT: 266 if (bflag) 267 printf("%jd is not a file system " 268 "superblock\n", super / dev_bsize); 269 else 270 printf("Cannot find file system " 271 "superblock\n"); 272 return (0); 273 case EIO: 274 default: 275 printf("I/O error reading %jd\n", 276 super / dev_bsize); 277 return (0); 278 } 279 } 280 memcpy(&sblock, fs, fs->fs_sbsize); 281 free(fs); 282 /* 283 * Compute block size that the file system is based on, 284 * according to fsbtodb, and adjust superblock block number 285 * so we can tell if this is an alternate later. 286 */ 287 dev_bsize = sblock.fs_fsize / fsbtodb(&sblock, 1); 288 sblk.b_bno = sblock.fs_sblockactualloc / dev_bsize; 289 sblk.b_size = SBLOCKSIZE; 290 /* 291 * If not yet done, update UFS1 superblock with new wider fields. 292 */ 293 if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC && 294 sblock.fs_maxbsize != sblock.fs_bsize) { 295 sblock.fs_maxbsize = sblock.fs_bsize; 296 sblock.fs_time = sblock.fs_old_time; 297 sblock.fs_size = sblock.fs_old_size; 298 sblock.fs_dsize = sblock.fs_old_dsize; 299 sblock.fs_csaddr = sblock.fs_old_csaddr; 300 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir; 301 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree; 302 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree; 303 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree; 304 } 305 havesb = 1; 306 return (1); 307 } 308 309 void 310 sblock_init(void) 311 { 312 313 fsreadfd = -1; 314 fswritefd = -1; 315 fsmodified = 0; 316 lfdir = 0; 317 initbarea(&sblk, BT_SUPERBLK); 318 sblk.b_un.b_buf = Malloc(SBLOCKSIZE); 319 if (sblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL) 320 errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate space for superblock"); 321 dev_bsize = secsize = DEV_BSIZE; 322 } 323 324 /* 325 * Calculate a prototype superblock based on information in the boot area. 326 * When done the cgsblock macro can be calculated and the fs_ncg field 327 * can be used. Do NOT attempt to use other macros without verifying that 328 * their needed information is available! 329 */ 330 static int 331 calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs) 332 { 333 struct fsrecovery *fsr; 334 char *fsrbuf; 335 u_int secsize; 336 337 /* 338 * We need fragments-per-group and the partition-size. 339 * 340 * Newfs stores these details at the end of the boot block area 341 * at the start of the filesystem partition. If they have been 342 * overwritten by a boot block, we fail. But usually they are 343 * there and we can use them. 344 */ 345 if (ioctl(devfd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) == -1) 346 return (0); 347 fsrbuf = Malloc(secsize); 348 if (fsrbuf == NULL) 349 errx(EEXIT, "calcsb: cannot allocate recovery buffer"); 350 if (blread(devfd, fsrbuf, 351 (SBLOCK_UFS2 - secsize) / dev_bsize, secsize) != 0) { 352 free(fsrbuf); 353 return (0); 354 } 355 fsr = (struct fsrecovery *)&fsrbuf[secsize - sizeof *fsr]; 356 if (fsr->fsr_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC) { 357 free(fsrbuf); 358 return (0); 359 } 360 memset(fs, 0, sizeof(struct fs)); 361 fs->fs_fpg = fsr->fsr_fpg; 362 fs->fs_fsbtodb = fsr->fsr_fsbtodb; 363 fs->fs_sblkno = fsr->fsr_sblkno; 364 fs->fs_magic = fsr->fsr_magic; 365 fs->fs_ncg = fsr->fsr_ncg; 366 free(fsrbuf); 367 return (1); 368 } 369 370 /* 371 * Check to see if recovery information exists. 372 * Return 1 if it exists or cannot be created. 373 * Return 0 if it does not exist and can be created. 374 */ 375 static int 376 chkrecovery(int devfd) 377 { 378 struct fsrecovery *fsr; 379 char *fsrbuf; 380 u_int secsize, rdsize; 381 382 /* 383 * Could not determine if backup material exists, so do not 384 * offer to create it. 385 */ 386 fsrbuf = NULL; 387 rdsize = sblock.fs_fsize; 388 if (ioctl(devfd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) == -1 || 389 rdsize % secsize != 0 || 390 (fsrbuf = Malloc(rdsize)) == NULL || 391 blread(devfd, fsrbuf, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - rdsize) / dev_bsize, 392 rdsize) != 0) { 393 free(fsrbuf); 394 return (1); 395 } 396 /* 397 * Recovery material has already been created, so do not 398 * need to create it again. 399 */ 400 fsr = (struct fsrecovery *)&fsrbuf[rdsize - sizeof *fsr]; 401 if (fsr->fsr_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC) { 402 free(fsrbuf); 403 return (1); 404 } 405 /* 406 * Recovery material has not been created and can be if desired. 407 */ 408 free(fsrbuf); 409 return (0); 410 } 411 412 /* 413 * Read the last filesystem-size piece of the boot block, replace the 414 * last 20 bytes with the recovery information, then write it back. 415 * The recovery information only works for UFS2 filesystems. 416 */ 417 static void 418 saverecovery(int readfd, int writefd) 419 { 420 struct fsrecovery *fsr; 421 char *fsrbuf; 422 u_int secsize, rdsize; 423 424 fsrbuf = NULL; 425 rdsize = sblock.fs_fsize; 426 if (sblock.fs_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC || 427 ioctl(readfd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) == -1 || 428 rdsize % secsize != 0 || 429 (fsrbuf = Malloc(rdsize)) == NULL || 430 blread(readfd, fsrbuf, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - rdsize) / dev_bsize, 431 rdsize) != 0) { 432 printf("RECOVERY DATA COULD NOT BE CREATED\n"); 433 free(fsrbuf); 434 return; 435 } 436 fsr = (struct fsrecovery *)&fsrbuf[rdsize - sizeof *fsr]; 437 fsr->fsr_magic = sblock.fs_magic; 438 fsr->fsr_fpg = sblock.fs_fpg; 439 fsr->fsr_fsbtodb = sblock.fs_fsbtodb; 440 fsr->fsr_sblkno = sblock.fs_sblkno; 441 fsr->fsr_ncg = sblock.fs_ncg; 442 blwrite(writefd, fsrbuf, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - rdsize) / dev_bsize, rdsize); 443 free(fsrbuf); 444 } 445