1 /*- 2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause 3 * 4 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17 * without specific prior written permission. 18 * 19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29 * SUCH DAMAGE. 30 */ 31 32 #if 0 33 #ifndef lint 34 static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)setup.c 8.10 (Berkeley) 5/9/95"; 35 #endif /* not lint */ 36 #endif 37 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 38 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$"); 39 40 #include <sys/param.h> 41 #include <sys/disk.h> 42 #include <sys/stat.h> 43 #define FSTYPENAMES 44 #include <sys/disklabel.h> 45 #include <sys/file.h> 46 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 47 48 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h> 49 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h> 50 51 #include <ctype.h> 52 #include <err.h> 53 #include <errno.h> 54 #include <limits.h> 55 #include <stdint.h> 56 #include <string.h> 57 #include <libufs.h> 58 59 #include "fsck.h" 60 61 struct inoinfo **inphead, **inpsort; /* info about all inodes */ 62 63 struct bufarea asblk; 64 #define altsblock (*asblk.b_un.b_fs) 65 #define POWEROF2(num) (((num) & ((num) - 1)) == 0) 66 67 static int calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs); 68 static void saverecovery(int readfd, int writefd); 69 static int chkrecovery(int devfd); 70 71 /* 72 * Read in a superblock finding an alternate if necessary. 73 * Return 1 if successful, 0 if unsuccessful, -1 if file system 74 * is already clean (ckclean and preen mode only). 75 */ 76 int 77 setup(char *dev) 78 { 79 long cg, bmapsize; 80 struct fs proto; 81 82 /* 83 * We are expected to have an open file descriptor 84 */ 85 if (fsreadfd < 0) 86 return (0); 87 /* 88 * If we do not yet have a superblock, read it in looking 89 * for alternates if necessary. 90 */ 91 if (havesb == 0 && readsb(1) == 0) { 92 skipclean = 0; 93 if (bflag || preen || calcsb(dev, fsreadfd, &proto) == 0) 94 return(0); 95 if (reply("LOOK FOR ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") == 0) 96 return (0); 97 for (cg = 0; cg < proto.fs_ncg; cg++) { 98 bflag = fsbtodb(&proto, cgsblock(&proto, cg)); 99 if (readsb(0) != 0) 100 break; 101 } 102 if (cg >= proto.fs_ncg) { 103 printf("SEARCH FOR ALTERNATE SUPER-BLOCK FAILED. " 104 "YOU MUST USE THE\n-b OPTION TO FSCK TO SPECIFY " 105 "THE LOCATION OF AN ALTERNATE\nSUPER-BLOCK TO " 106 "SUPPLY NEEDED INFORMATION; SEE fsck_ffs(8).\n"); 107 bflag = 0; 108 return(0); 109 } 110 pwarn("USING ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCK AT %jd\n", bflag); 111 bflag = 0; 112 } 113 if (preen == 0) 114 printf("** %s", dev); 115 if (bkgrdflag == 0 && 116 (nflag || (fswritefd = open(dev, O_WRONLY)) < 0)) { 117 fswritefd = -1; 118 if (preen) 119 pfatal("NO WRITE ACCESS"); 120 printf(" (NO WRITE)"); 121 } 122 if (preen == 0) 123 printf("\n"); 124 if (sbhashfailed != 0) { 125 pwarn("SUPERBLOCK CHECK HASH FAILED"); 126 if (fswritefd == -1) 127 pwarn("OPENED READONLY SO CANNOT CORRECT CHECK HASH\n"); 128 else if (preen || reply("CORRECT CHECK HASH") != 0) { 129 if (preen) 130 printf(" (CORRECTED)\n"); 131 sblock.fs_clean = 0; 132 sbdirty(); 133 } 134 } 135 if (skipclean && ckclean && sblock.fs_clean) { 136 pwarn("FILE SYSTEM CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS\n"); 137 return (-1); 138 } 139 maxfsblock = sblock.fs_size; 140 maxino = sblock.fs_ncg * sblock.fs_ipg; 141 /* 142 * Check and potentially fix certain fields in the super block. 143 */ 144 if (sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTTIME && sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTSPACE) { 145 pfatal("UNDEFINED OPTIMIZATION IN SUPERBLOCK"); 146 if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) { 147 sblock.fs_optim = FS_OPTTIME; 148 sbdirty(); 149 } 150 } 151 if ((sblock.fs_minfree < 0 || sblock.fs_minfree > 99)) { 152 pfatal("IMPOSSIBLE MINFREE=%d IN SUPERBLOCK", 153 sblock.fs_minfree); 154 if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) { 155 sblock.fs_minfree = 10; 156 sbdirty(); 157 } 158 } 159 if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC && 160 sblock.fs_old_inodefmt < FS_44INODEFMT) { 161 pwarn("Format of file system is too old.\n"); 162 pwarn("Must update to modern format using a version of fsck\n"); 163 pfatal("from before 2002 with the command ``fsck -c 2''\n"); 164 exit(EEXIT); 165 } 166 if ((asblk.b_flags & B_DIRTY) != 0 && !bflag) { 167 memmove(&altsblock, &sblock, (size_t)sblock.fs_sbsize); 168 flush(fswritefd, &asblk); 169 } 170 if (preen == 0 && yflag == 0 && sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC && 171 fswritefd != -1 && chkrecovery(fsreadfd) == 0 && 172 reply("SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") != 0) 173 saverecovery(fsreadfd, fswritefd); 174 /* 175 * allocate and initialize the necessary maps 176 */ 177 bmapsize = roundup(howmany(maxfsblock, CHAR_BIT), sizeof(short)); 178 blockmap = Calloc((unsigned)bmapsize, sizeof (char)); 179 if (blockmap == NULL) { 180 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for blockmap\n", 181 (unsigned)bmapsize); 182 goto badsb; 183 } 184 inostathead = Calloc(sblock.fs_ncg, sizeof(struct inostatlist)); 185 if (inostathead == NULL) { 186 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for inostathead\n", 187 (unsigned)(sizeof(struct inostatlist) * (sblock.fs_ncg))); 188 goto badsb; 189 } 190 numdirs = MAX(sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir, 128); 191 dirhash = numdirs; 192 inplast = 0; 193 listmax = numdirs + 10; 194 inpsort = (struct inoinfo **)Calloc(listmax, sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 195 inphead = (struct inoinfo **)Calloc(numdirs, sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 196 if (inpsort == NULL || inphead == NULL) { 197 printf("cannot alloc %ju bytes for inphead\n", 198 (uintmax_t)numdirs * sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 199 goto badsb; 200 } 201 bufinit(); 202 if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP) 203 usedsoftdep = 1; 204 else 205 usedsoftdep = 0; 206 return (1); 207 208 badsb: 209 ckfini(0); 210 return (0); 211 } 212 213 /* 214 * Open a device or file to be checked by fsck. 215 */ 216 int 217 openfilesys(char *dev) 218 { 219 struct stat statb; 220 int saved_fsreadfd; 221 222 if (stat(dev, &statb) < 0) 223 return (0); 224 if ((statb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR && 225 (statb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFBLK) { 226 if (bkgrdflag != 0 && (statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) == 0) { 227 pfatal("BACKGROUND FSCK LACKS A SNAPSHOT\n"); 228 exit(EEXIT); 229 } 230 if (bkgrdflag != 0) { 231 cursnapshot = statb.st_ino; 232 } else { 233 pfatal("%s IS NOT A DISK DEVICE\n", dev); 234 if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0) 235 return (0); 236 } 237 } 238 saved_fsreadfd = fsreadfd; 239 if ((fsreadfd = open(dev, O_RDONLY)) < 0) { 240 fsreadfd = saved_fsreadfd; 241 return (0); 242 } 243 if (saved_fsreadfd != -1) 244 close(saved_fsreadfd); 245 return (1); 246 } 247 248 /* 249 * Read in the super block and its summary info. 250 */ 251 int 252 readsb(int listerr) 253 { 254 off_t super; 255 int bad, ret, flags; 256 struct fs *fs; 257 258 super = bflag ? bflag * dev_bsize : UFS_STDSB; 259 flags = sbhashfailed ? UFS_NOHASHFAIL | UFS_NOMSG : UFS_NOMSG; 260 readcnt[sblk.b_type]++; 261 while ((ret = sbget(fsreadfd, &fs, super, flags)) != 0) { 262 switch (ret) { 263 case EINTEGRITY: 264 if (bflag || (super == UFS_STDSB && 265 flags == (UFS_NOHASHFAIL | UFS_NOMSG))) 266 return (0); 267 super = UFS_STDSB; 268 flags = UFS_NOHASHFAIL | UFS_NOMSG; 269 sbhashfailed = 1; 270 continue; 271 case ENOENT: 272 if (bflag) 273 printf("%jd is not a file system " 274 "superblock\n", super / dev_bsize); 275 else 276 printf("Cannot find file system " 277 "superblock\n"); 278 return (0); 279 case EIO: 280 default: 281 printf("I/O error reading %jd\n", 282 super / dev_bsize); 283 return (0); 284 } 285 } 286 memcpy(&sblock, fs, fs->fs_sbsize); 287 free(fs); 288 /* 289 * Compute block size that the file system is based on, 290 * according to fsbtodb, and adjust superblock block number 291 * so we can tell if this is an alternate later. 292 */ 293 dev_bsize = sblock.fs_fsize / fsbtodb(&sblock, 1); 294 sblk.b_bno = sblock.fs_sblockactualloc / dev_bsize; 295 sblk.b_size = SBLOCKSIZE; 296 /* 297 * Compare all fields that should not differ in alternate super block. 298 * When an alternate super-block is specified this check is skipped. 299 */ 300 if (bflag) 301 goto out; 302 getblk(&asblk, cgsblock(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg - 1), sblock.fs_sbsize); 303 if (asblk.b_errs) 304 return (0); 305 bad = 0; 306 #define CHK(x, y) \ 307 if (altsblock.x != sblock.x) { \ 308 bad++; \ 309 if (listerr && debug) \ 310 printf("SUPER BLOCK VS ALTERNATE MISMATCH %s: " y " vs " y "\n", \ 311 #x, (intmax_t)sblock.x, (intmax_t)altsblock.x); \ 312 } 313 CHK(fs_sblkno, "%jd"); 314 CHK(fs_cblkno, "%jd"); 315 CHK(fs_iblkno, "%jd"); 316 CHK(fs_dblkno, "%jd"); 317 CHK(fs_ncg, "%jd"); 318 CHK(fs_bsize, "%jd"); 319 CHK(fs_fsize, "%jd"); 320 CHK(fs_frag, "%jd"); 321 CHK(fs_bmask, "%#jx"); 322 CHK(fs_fmask, "%#jx"); 323 CHK(fs_bshift, "%jd"); 324 CHK(fs_fshift, "%jd"); 325 CHK(fs_fragshift, "%jd"); 326 CHK(fs_fsbtodb, "%jd"); 327 CHK(fs_sbsize, "%jd"); 328 CHK(fs_nindir, "%jd"); 329 CHK(fs_inopb, "%jd"); 330 CHK(fs_cssize, "%jd"); 331 CHK(fs_ipg, "%jd"); 332 CHK(fs_fpg, "%jd"); 333 CHK(fs_magic, "%#jx"); 334 #undef CHK 335 if (bad) { 336 if (listerr == 0) 337 return (0); 338 if (preen) 339 printf("%s: ", cdevname); 340 printf( 341 "VALUES IN SUPER BLOCK LSB=%jd DISAGREE WITH THOSE IN\n" 342 "LAST ALTERNATE LSB=%jd\n", 343 sblk.b_bno, asblk.b_bno); 344 if (reply("IGNORE ALTERNATE SUPER BLOCK") == 0) 345 return (0); 346 } 347 out: 348 /* 349 * If not yet done, update UFS1 superblock with new wider fields. 350 */ 351 if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC && 352 sblock.fs_maxbsize != sblock.fs_bsize) { 353 sblock.fs_maxbsize = sblock.fs_bsize; 354 sblock.fs_time = sblock.fs_old_time; 355 sblock.fs_size = sblock.fs_old_size; 356 sblock.fs_dsize = sblock.fs_old_dsize; 357 sblock.fs_csaddr = sblock.fs_old_csaddr; 358 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir; 359 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree; 360 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree; 361 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree; 362 } 363 havesb = 1; 364 return (1); 365 } 366 367 void 368 sblock_init(void) 369 { 370 371 fsreadfd = -1; 372 fswritefd = -1; 373 fsmodified = 0; 374 lfdir = 0; 375 initbarea(&sblk, BT_SUPERBLK); 376 initbarea(&asblk, BT_SUPERBLK); 377 sblk.b_un.b_buf = Malloc(SBLOCKSIZE); 378 asblk.b_un.b_buf = Malloc(SBLOCKSIZE); 379 if (sblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL || asblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL) 380 errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate space for superblock"); 381 dev_bsize = secsize = DEV_BSIZE; 382 } 383 384 /* 385 * Calculate a prototype superblock based on information in the boot area. 386 * When done the cgsblock macro can be calculated and the fs_ncg field 387 * can be used. Do NOT attempt to use other macros without verifying that 388 * their needed information is available! 389 */ 390 static int 391 calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs) 392 { 393 struct fsrecovery *fsr; 394 char *fsrbuf; 395 u_int secsize; 396 397 /* 398 * We need fragments-per-group and the partition-size. 399 * 400 * Newfs stores these details at the end of the boot block area 401 * at the start of the filesystem partition. If they have been 402 * overwritten by a boot block, we fail. But usually they are 403 * there and we can use them. 404 */ 405 if (ioctl(devfd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) == -1) 406 return (0); 407 fsrbuf = Malloc(secsize); 408 if (fsrbuf == NULL) 409 errx(EEXIT, "calcsb: cannot allocate recovery buffer"); 410 if (blread(devfd, fsrbuf, 411 (SBLOCK_UFS2 - secsize) / dev_bsize, secsize) != 0) { 412 free(fsrbuf); 413 return (0); 414 } 415 fsr = (struct fsrecovery *)&fsrbuf[secsize - sizeof *fsr]; 416 if (fsr->fsr_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC) { 417 free(fsrbuf); 418 return (0); 419 } 420 memset(fs, 0, sizeof(struct fs)); 421 fs->fs_fpg = fsr->fsr_fpg; 422 fs->fs_fsbtodb = fsr->fsr_fsbtodb; 423 fs->fs_sblkno = fsr->fsr_sblkno; 424 fs->fs_magic = fsr->fsr_magic; 425 fs->fs_ncg = fsr->fsr_ncg; 426 free(fsrbuf); 427 return (1); 428 } 429 430 /* 431 * Check to see if recovery information exists. 432 * Return 1 if it exists or cannot be created. 433 * Return 0 if it does not exist and can be created. 434 */ 435 static int 436 chkrecovery(int devfd) 437 { 438 struct fsrecovery *fsr; 439 char *fsrbuf; 440 u_int secsize, rdsize; 441 442 /* 443 * Could not determine if backup material exists, so do not 444 * offer to create it. 445 */ 446 fsrbuf = NULL; 447 rdsize = sblock.fs_fsize; 448 if (ioctl(devfd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) == -1 || 449 rdsize % secsize != 0 || 450 (fsrbuf = Malloc(rdsize)) == NULL || 451 blread(devfd, fsrbuf, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - rdsize) / dev_bsize, 452 rdsize) != 0) { 453 free(fsrbuf); 454 return (1); 455 } 456 /* 457 * Recovery material has already been created, so do not 458 * need to create it again. 459 */ 460 fsr = (struct fsrecovery *)&fsrbuf[rdsize - sizeof *fsr]; 461 if (fsr->fsr_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC) { 462 free(fsrbuf); 463 return (1); 464 } 465 /* 466 * Recovery material has not been created and can be if desired. 467 */ 468 free(fsrbuf); 469 return (0); 470 } 471 472 /* 473 * Read the last filesystem-size piece of the boot block, replace the 474 * last 20 bytes with the recovery information, then write it back. 475 * The recovery information only works for UFS2 filesystems. 476 */ 477 static void 478 saverecovery(int readfd, int writefd) 479 { 480 struct fsrecovery *fsr; 481 char *fsrbuf; 482 u_int secsize, rdsize; 483 484 fsrbuf = NULL; 485 rdsize = sblock.fs_fsize; 486 if (sblock.fs_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC || 487 ioctl(readfd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &secsize) == -1 || 488 rdsize % secsize != 0 || 489 (fsrbuf = Malloc(rdsize)) == NULL || 490 blread(readfd, fsrbuf, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - rdsize) / dev_bsize, 491 rdsize) != 0) { 492 printf("RECOVERY DATA COULD NOT BE CREATED\n"); 493 free(fsrbuf); 494 return; 495 } 496 fsr = (struct fsrecovery *)&fsrbuf[rdsize - sizeof *fsr]; 497 fsr->fsr_magic = sblock.fs_magic; 498 fsr->fsr_fpg = sblock.fs_fpg; 499 fsr->fsr_fsbtodb = sblock.fs_fsbtodb; 500 fsr->fsr_sblkno = sblock.fs_sblkno; 501 fsr->fsr_ncg = sblock.fs_ncg; 502 blwrite(writefd, fsrbuf, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - rdsize) / dev_bsize, rdsize); 503 free(fsrbuf); 504 } 505