xref: /freebsd/sbin/fsck_ffs/main.c (revision 2546665afcaf0d53dc2c7058fee96354b3680f5a)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #if 0
31 #ifndef lint
32 static const char copyright[] =
33 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993\n\
34 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
35 #endif /* not lint */
36 
37 #ifndef lint
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)main.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 5/14/95";
39 #endif /* not lint */
40 #endif
41 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
42 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
43 
44 #include <sys/param.h>
45 #include <sys/stat.h>
46 #include <sys/file.h>
47 #include <sys/time.h>
48 #include <sys/mount.h>
49 #include <sys/resource.h>
50 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
51 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
52 
53 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
54 #include <ufs/ufs/ufsmount.h>
55 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
56 
57 #include <err.h>
58 #include <errno.h>
59 #include <fstab.h>
60 #include <grp.h>
61 #include <paths.h>
62 #include <stdint.h>
63 #include <string.h>
64 
65 #include "fsck.h"
66 
67 static void usage(void) __dead2;
68 static int argtoi(int flag, const char *req, const char *str, int base);
69 static int checkfilesys(char *filesys);
70 static struct statfs *getmntpt(const char *);
71 
72 int
73 main(int argc, char *argv[])
74 {
75 	int ch;
76 	struct rlimit rlimit;
77 	struct itimerval itimerval;
78 	int ret = 0;
79 
80 	sync();
81 	skipclean = 1;
82 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "b:Bc:dfFm:npy")) != -1) {
83 		switch (ch) {
84 		case 'b':
85 			skipclean = 0;
86 			bflag = argtoi('b', "number", optarg, 10);
87 			printf("Alternate super block location: %d\n", bflag);
88 			break;
89 
90 		case 'B':
91 			bkgrdflag = 1;
92 			break;
93 
94 		case 'c':
95 			skipclean = 0;
96 			cvtlevel = argtoi('c', "conversion level", optarg, 10);
97 			if (cvtlevel < 3)
98 				errx(EEXIT, "cannot do level %d conversion",
99 				    cvtlevel);
100 			break;
101 
102 		case 'd':
103 			debug++;
104 			break;
105 
106 		case 'f':
107 			skipclean = 0;
108 			break;
109 
110 		case 'F':
111 			bkgrdcheck = 1;
112 			break;
113 
114 		case 'm':
115 			lfmode = argtoi('m', "mode", optarg, 8);
116 			if (lfmode &~ 07777)
117 				errx(EEXIT, "bad mode to -m: %o", lfmode);
118 			printf("** lost+found creation mode %o\n", lfmode);
119 			break;
120 
121 		case 'n':
122 			nflag++;
123 			yflag = 0;
124 			break;
125 
126 		case 'p':
127 			preen++;
128 			break;
129 
130 		case 'y':
131 			yflag++;
132 			nflag = 0;
133 			break;
134 
135 		default:
136 			usage();
137 		}
138 	}
139 	argc -= optind;
140 	argv += optind;
141 
142 	if (!argc)
143 		usage();
144 
145 	if (signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN) != SIG_IGN)
146 		(void)signal(SIGINT, catch);
147 	if (preen)
148 		(void)signal(SIGQUIT, catchquit);
149 	signal(SIGINFO, infohandler);
150 	if (bkgrdflag) {
151 		signal(SIGALRM, alarmhandler);
152 		itimerval.it_interval.tv_sec = 5;
153 		itimerval.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
154 		itimerval.it_value.tv_sec = 5;
155 		itimerval.it_value.tv_usec = 0;
156 		setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itimerval, NULL);
157 	}
158 	/*
159 	 * Push up our allowed memory limit so we can cope
160 	 * with huge file systems.
161 	 */
162 	if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_DATA, &rlimit) == 0) {
163 		rlimit.rlim_cur = rlimit.rlim_max;
164 		(void)setrlimit(RLIMIT_DATA, &rlimit);
165 	}
166 	while (argc-- > 0)
167 		(void)checkfilesys(*argv++);
168 
169 	if (returntosingle)
170 		ret = 2;
171 	exit(ret);
172 }
173 
174 static int
175 argtoi(int flag, const char *req, const char *str, int base)
176 {
177 	char *cp;
178 	int ret;
179 
180 	ret = (int)strtol(str, &cp, base);
181 	if (cp == str || *cp)
182 		errx(EEXIT, "-%c flag requires a %s", flag, req);
183 	return (ret);
184 }
185 
186 /*
187  * Check the specified file system.
188  */
189 /* ARGSUSED */
190 static int
191 checkfilesys(char *filesys)
192 {
193 	ufs2_daddr_t n_ffree, n_bfree;
194 	struct ufs_args args;
195 	struct dups *dp;
196 	struct statfs *mntp;
197 	struct zlncnt *zlnp;
198 	struct stat snapdir;
199 	struct group *grp;
200 	ufs2_daddr_t blks;
201 	int cylno, ret;
202 	ino_t files;
203 	size_t size;
204 
205 	cdevname = filesys;
206 	if (debug && preen)
207 		pwarn("starting\n");
208 	/*
209 	 * Make best effort to get the disk name. Check first to see
210 	 * if it is listed among the mounted file systems. Failing that
211 	 * check to see if it is listed in /etc/fstab.
212 	 */
213 	mntp = getmntpt(filesys);
214 	if (mntp != NULL)
215 		filesys = mntp->f_mntfromname;
216 	else
217 		filesys = blockcheck(filesys);
218 	/*
219 	 * If -F flag specified, check to see whether a background check
220 	 * is possible and needed. If possible and needed, exit with
221 	 * status zero. Otherwise exit with status non-zero. A non-zero
222 	 * exit status will cause a foreground check to be run.
223 	 */
224 	sblock_init();
225 	if (bkgrdcheck) {
226 		if ((fsreadfd = open(filesys, O_RDONLY)) < 0 || readsb(0) == 0)
227 			exit(3);	/* Cannot read superblock */
228 		close(fsreadfd);
229 		if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_NEEDSFSCK)
230 			exit(4);	/* Earlier background failed */
231 		if ((sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP) == 0)
232 			exit(5);	/* Not running soft updates */
233 		size = MIBSIZE;
234 		if (sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjrefcnt", adjrefcnt, &size) < 0)
235 			exit(6);	/* Lacks kernel support */
236 		if ((mntp == NULL && sblock.fs_clean == 1) ||
237 		    (mntp != NULL && (sblock.fs_flags & FS_UNCLEAN) == 0))
238 			exit(7);	/* Filesystem clean, report it now */
239 		exit(0);
240 	}
241 	/*
242 	 * If we are to do a background check:
243 	 *	Get the mount point information of the file system
244 	 *	create snapshot file
245 	 *	return created snapshot file
246 	 *	if not found, clear bkgrdflag and proceed with normal fsck
247 	 */
248 	if (bkgrdflag) {
249 		if (mntp == NULL) {
250 			bkgrdflag = 0;
251 			pfatal("NOT MOUNTED, CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND\n");
252 		} else if ((mntp->f_flags & MNT_SOFTDEP) == 0) {
253 			bkgrdflag = 0;
254 			pfatal("NOT USING SOFT UPDATES, %s\n",
255 			    "CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND");
256 		} else if ((mntp->f_flags & MNT_RDONLY) != 0) {
257 			bkgrdflag = 0;
258 			pfatal("MOUNTED READ-ONLY, CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND\n");
259 		} else if ((fsreadfd = open(filesys, O_RDONLY)) >= 0) {
260 			if (readsb(0) != 0) {
261 				if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_NEEDSFSCK) {
262 					bkgrdflag = 0;
263 					pfatal("UNEXPECTED INCONSISTENCY, %s\n",
264 					    "CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND\n");
265 				}
266 				if ((sblock.fs_flags & FS_UNCLEAN) == 0 &&
267 				    skipclean && preen) {
268 					/*
269 					 * file system is clean;
270 					 * skip snapshot and report it clean
271 					 */
272 					pwarn("FILE SYSTEM CLEAN; %s\n",
273 					    "SKIPPING CHECKS");
274 					goto clean;
275 				}
276 			}
277 			close(fsreadfd);
278 		}
279 		if (bkgrdflag) {
280 			snprintf(snapname, sizeof snapname, "%s/.snap",
281 			    mntp->f_mntonname);
282 			if (stat(snapname, &snapdir) < 0) {
283 				if (errno != ENOENT) {
284 					bkgrdflag = 0;
285 					pfatal("CANNOT FIND %s %s: %s, %s\n",
286 					    "SNAPSHOT DIRECTORY",
287 					    snapname, strerror(errno),
288 					    "CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND");
289 				} else if ((grp = getgrnam("operator")) == 0 ||
290 				    mkdir(snapname, 0770) < 0 ||
291 				    chown(snapname, -1, grp->gr_gid) < 0 ||
292 				    chmod(snapname, 0770) < 0) {
293 					bkgrdflag = 0;
294 					pfatal("CANNOT CREATE %s %s: %s, %s\n",
295 					    "SNAPSHOT DIRECTORY",
296 					    snapname, strerror(errno),
297 					    "CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND");
298 				}
299 			} else if (!S_ISDIR(snapdir.st_mode)) {
300 				bkgrdflag = 0;
301 				pfatal("%s IS NOT A DIRECTORY, %s\n", snapname,
302 				    "CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND");
303 			}
304 		}
305 		if (bkgrdflag) {
306 			snprintf(snapname, sizeof snapname,
307 			    "%s/.snap/fsck_snapshot", mntp->f_mntonname);
308 			args.fspec = snapname;
309 			while (mount("ffs", mntp->f_mntonname,
310 			    mntp->f_flags | MNT_UPDATE | MNT_SNAPSHOT,
311 			    &args) < 0) {
312 				if (errno == EEXIST && unlink(snapname) == 0)
313 					continue;
314 				bkgrdflag = 0;
315 				pfatal("CANNOT CREATE SNAPSHOT %s: %s\n",
316 				    snapname, strerror(errno));
317 				break;
318 			}
319 			if (bkgrdflag != 0)
320 				filesys = snapname;
321 		}
322 	}
323 
324 	switch (setup(filesys)) {
325 	case 0:
326 		if (preen)
327 			pfatal("CAN'T CHECK FILE SYSTEM.");
328 		return (0);
329 	case -1:
330 	clean:
331 		pwarn("clean, %ld free ", (long)(sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree +
332 		    sblock.fs_frag * sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree));
333 		printf("(%lld frags, %lld blocks, %.1f%% fragmentation)\n",
334 		    (long long)sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree,
335 		    (long long)sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree,
336 		    sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree * 100.0 / sblock.fs_dsize);
337 		return (0);
338 	}
339 
340 	/*
341 	 * Cleared if any questions answered no. Used to decide if
342 	 * the superblock should be marked clean.
343 	 */
344 	resolved = 1;
345 	/*
346 	 * 1: scan inodes tallying blocks used
347 	 */
348 	if (preen == 0) {
349 		printf("** Last Mounted on %s\n", sblock.fs_fsmnt);
350 		if (mntp != NULL && mntp->f_flags & MNT_ROOTFS)
351 			printf("** Root file system\n");
352 		printf("** Phase 1 - Check Blocks and Sizes\n");
353 	}
354 	pass1();
355 
356 	/*
357 	 * 1b: locate first references to duplicates, if any
358 	 */
359 	if (duplist) {
360 		if (preen || usedsoftdep)
361 			pfatal("INTERNAL ERROR: dups with -p");
362 		printf("** Phase 1b - Rescan For More DUPS\n");
363 		pass1b();
364 	}
365 
366 	/*
367 	 * 2: traverse directories from root to mark all connected directories
368 	 */
369 	if (preen == 0)
370 		printf("** Phase 2 - Check Pathnames\n");
371 	pass2();
372 
373 	/*
374 	 * 3: scan inodes looking for disconnected directories
375 	 */
376 	if (preen == 0)
377 		printf("** Phase 3 - Check Connectivity\n");
378 	pass3();
379 
380 	/*
381 	 * 4: scan inodes looking for disconnected files; check reference counts
382 	 */
383 	if (preen == 0)
384 		printf("** Phase 4 - Check Reference Counts\n");
385 	pass4();
386 
387 	/*
388 	 * 5: check and repair resource counts in cylinder groups
389 	 */
390 	if (preen == 0)
391 		printf("** Phase 5 - Check Cyl groups\n");
392 	pass5();
393 
394 	/*
395 	 * print out summary statistics
396 	 */
397 	n_ffree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree;
398 	n_bfree = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree;
399 	files = maxino - ROOTINO - sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree - n_files;
400 	blks = n_blks +
401 	    sblock.fs_ncg * (cgdmin(&sblock, 0) - cgsblock(&sblock, 0));
402 	blks += cgsblock(&sblock, 0) - cgbase(&sblock, 0);
403 	blks += howmany(sblock.fs_cssize, sblock.fs_fsize);
404 	blks = maxfsblock - (n_ffree + sblock.fs_frag * n_bfree) - blks;
405 	if (bkgrdflag && (files > 0 || blks > 0)) {
406 		countdirs = sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir - countdirs;
407 		pwarn("Reclaimed: %ld directories, %ld files, %lld fragments\n",
408 		    countdirs, (long)files - countdirs, (long long)blks);
409 	}
410 	pwarn("%ld files, %jd used, %ju free ",
411 	    (long)n_files, (intmax_t)n_blks,
412 	    (uintmax_t)n_ffree + sblock.fs_frag * n_bfree);
413 	printf("(%ju frags, %ju blocks, %.1f%% fragmentation)\n",
414 	    (uintmax_t)n_ffree, (uintmax_t)n_bfree,
415 	    n_ffree * 100.0 / sblock.fs_dsize);
416 	if (debug) {
417 		if (files < 0)
418 			printf("%d inodes missing\n", -files);
419 		if (blks < 0)
420 			printf("%lld blocks missing\n", -(long long)blks);
421 		if (duplist != NULL) {
422 			printf("The following duplicate blocks remain:");
423 			for (dp = duplist; dp; dp = dp->next)
424 				printf(" %lld,", (long long)dp->dup);
425 			printf("\n");
426 		}
427 		if (zlnhead != NULL) {
428 			printf("The following zero link count inodes remain:");
429 			for (zlnp = zlnhead; zlnp; zlnp = zlnp->next)
430 				printf(" %u,", zlnp->zlncnt);
431 			printf("\n");
432 		}
433 	}
434 	zlnhead = (struct zlncnt *)0;
435 	duplist = (struct dups *)0;
436 	muldup = (struct dups *)0;
437 	inocleanup();
438 	if (fsmodified) {
439 		sblock.fs_time = time(NULL);
440 		sbdirty();
441 	}
442 	if (cvtlevel && sblk.b_dirty) {
443 		/*
444 		 * Write out the duplicate super blocks
445 		 */
446 		for (cylno = 0; cylno < sblock.fs_ncg; cylno++)
447 			bwrite(fswritefd, (char *)&sblock,
448 			    fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, cylno)),
449 			    SBLOCKSIZE);
450 	}
451 	if (rerun)
452 		resolved = 0;
453 
454 	/*
455 	 * Check to see if the file system is mounted read-write.
456 	 */
457 	if (bkgrdflag == 0 && mntp != NULL && (mntp->f_flags & MNT_RDONLY) == 0)
458 		resolved = 0;
459 	ckfini(resolved);
460 
461 	for (cylno = 0; cylno < sblock.fs_ncg; cylno++)
462 		if (inostathead[cylno].il_stat != NULL)
463 			free((char *)inostathead[cylno].il_stat);
464 	free((char *)inostathead);
465 	inostathead = NULL;
466 	if (fsmodified && !preen)
467 		printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED *****\n");
468 	if (rerun)
469 		printf("\n***** PLEASE RERUN FSCK *****\n");
470 	if (mntp != NULL) {
471 		/*
472 		 * We modified a mounted file system.  Do a mount update on
473 		 * it unless it is read-write, so we can continue using it
474 		 * as safely as possible.
475 		 */
476 		if (mntp->f_flags & MNT_RDONLY) {
477 			args.fspec = 0;
478 			args.export.ex_flags = 0;
479 			args.export.ex_root = 0;
480 			ret = mount("ufs", mntp->f_mntonname,
481 			    mntp->f_flags | MNT_UPDATE | MNT_RELOAD, &args);
482 			if (ret == 0)
483 				return (0);
484 			pwarn("mount reload of '%s' failed: %s\n\n",
485 			    mntp->f_mntonname, strerror(errno));
486 		}
487 		if (!fsmodified)
488 			return (0);
489 		if (!preen)
490 			printf("\n***** REBOOT NOW *****\n");
491 		sync();
492 		return (4);
493 	}
494 	return (0);
495 }
496 
497 /*
498  * Get the mount point information for name.
499  */
500 static struct statfs *
501 getmntpt(const char *name)
502 {
503 	struct stat devstat, mntdevstat;
504 	char device[sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1 + MNAMELEN];
505 	char *ddevname;
506 	struct statfs *mntbuf, *statfsp;
507 	int i, mntsize, isdev;
508 
509 	if (stat(name, &devstat) != 0)
510 		return (NULL);
511 	if (S_ISCHR(devstat.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(devstat.st_mode))
512 		isdev = 1;
513 	else
514 		isdev = 0;
515 	mntsize = getmntinfo(&mntbuf, MNT_NOWAIT);
516 	for (i = 0; i < mntsize; i++) {
517 		statfsp = &mntbuf[i];
518 		ddevname = statfsp->f_mntfromname;
519 		if (*ddevname != '/') {
520 			strcpy(device, _PATH_DEV);
521 			strcat(device, ddevname);
522 			strcpy(statfsp->f_mntfromname, device);
523 		}
524 		if (isdev == 0) {
525 			if (strcmp(name, statfsp->f_mntonname))
526 				continue;
527 			return (statfsp);
528 		}
529 		if (stat(ddevname, &mntdevstat) == 0 &&
530 		    mntdevstat.st_rdev == devstat.st_rdev)
531 			return (statfsp);
532 	}
533 	statfsp = NULL;
534 	return (statfsp);
535 }
536 
537 static void
538 usage(void)
539 {
540         (void) fprintf(stderr,
541             "usage: %s [-BFpfny] [-b block] [-c level] [-m mode] "
542                         "file system ...\n",
543             getprogname());
544         exit(1);
545 }
546