xref: /freebsd/sbin/fsck_ffs/fsutil.c (revision 19cca0b9613d7c3058e41baf0204245119732235)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #if 0
33 #ifndef lint
34 static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)utilities.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 5/19/95";
35 #endif /* not lint */
36 #endif
37 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
38 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
39 
40 #include <sys/param.h>
41 #include <sys/time.h>
42 #include <sys/types.h>
43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
44 #include <sys/disk.h>
45 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
46 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
47 #include <sys/stat.h>
48 
49 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
50 #include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
51 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
52 
53 #include <err.h>
54 #include <errno.h>
55 #include <string.h>
56 #include <ctype.h>
57 #include <fstab.h>
58 #include <stdint.h>
59 #include <stdio.h>
60 #include <stdlib.h>
61 #include <time.h>
62 #include <unistd.h>
63 #include <libufs.h>
64 
65 #include "fsck.h"
66 
67 int		sujrecovery = 0;
68 
69 static struct bufarea *allocbuf(const char *);
70 static void cg_write(struct bufarea *);
71 static void slowio_start(void);
72 static void slowio_end(void);
73 static void printIOstats(void);
74 static void prtbuf(const char *, struct bufarea *);
75 
76 static long diskreads, totaldiskreads, totalreads; /* Disk cache statistics */
77 static struct timespec startpass, finishpass;
78 struct timeval slowio_starttime;
79 int slowio_delay_usec = 10000;	/* Initial IO delay for background fsck */
80 int slowio_pollcnt;
81 static struct bufarea cgblk;	/* backup buffer for cylinder group blocks */
82 static TAILQ_HEAD(bufqueue, bufarea) bufqueuehd; /* head of buffer cache LRU */
83 static LIST_HEAD(bufhash, bufarea) bufhashhd[HASHSIZE]; /* buffer hash list */
84 static int numbufs;				/* size of buffer cache */
85 static int cachelookups;			/* number of cache lookups */
86 static int cachereads;				/* number of cache reads */
87 static struct bufarea *cgbufs;	/* header for cylinder group cache */
88 static int flushtries;		/* number of tries to reclaim memory */
89 
90 char *buftype[BT_NUMBUFTYPES] = BT_NAMES;
91 
92 void
93 fsutilinit(void)
94 {
95 	diskreads = totaldiskreads = totalreads = 0;
96 	bzero(&startpass, sizeof(struct timespec));
97 	bzero(&finishpass, sizeof(struct timespec));
98 	bzero(&slowio_starttime, sizeof(struct timeval));
99 	slowio_delay_usec = 10000;
100 	slowio_pollcnt = 0;
101 	flushtries = 0;
102 }
103 
104 int
105 ftypeok(union dinode *dp)
106 {
107 	switch (DIP(dp, di_mode) & IFMT) {
108 
109 	case IFDIR:
110 	case IFREG:
111 	case IFBLK:
112 	case IFCHR:
113 	case IFLNK:
114 	case IFSOCK:
115 	case IFIFO:
116 		return (1);
117 
118 	default:
119 		if (debug)
120 			printf("bad file type 0%o\n", DIP(dp, di_mode));
121 		return (0);
122 	}
123 }
124 
125 int
126 reply(const char *question)
127 {
128 	int persevere;
129 	char c;
130 
131 	if (preen)
132 		pfatal("INTERNAL ERROR: GOT TO reply()");
133 	persevere = !strcmp(question, "CONTINUE");
134 	printf("\n");
135 	if (!persevere && (nflag || (fswritefd < 0 && bkgrdflag == 0))) {
136 		printf("%s? no\n\n", question);
137 		resolved = 0;
138 		return (0);
139 	}
140 	if (yflag || (persevere && nflag)) {
141 		printf("%s? yes\n\n", question);
142 		return (1);
143 	}
144 	do	{
145 		printf("%s? [yn] ", question);
146 		(void) fflush(stdout);
147 		c = getc(stdin);
148 		while (c != '\n' && getc(stdin) != '\n') {
149 			if (feof(stdin)) {
150 				resolved = 0;
151 				return (0);
152 			}
153 		}
154 	} while (c != 'y' && c != 'Y' && c != 'n' && c != 'N');
155 	printf("\n");
156 	if (c == 'y' || c == 'Y')
157 		return (1);
158 	resolved = 0;
159 	return (0);
160 }
161 
162 /*
163  * Look up state information for an inode.
164  */
165 struct inostat *
166 inoinfo(ino_t inum)
167 {
168 	static struct inostat unallocated = { USTATE, 0, 0 };
169 	struct inostatlist *ilp;
170 	int iloff;
171 
172 	if (inum > maxino)
173 		errx(EEXIT, "inoinfo: inumber %ju out of range",
174 		    (uintmax_t)inum);
175 	ilp = &inostathead[inum / sblock.fs_ipg];
176 	iloff = inum % sblock.fs_ipg;
177 	if (iloff >= ilp->il_numalloced)
178 		return (&unallocated);
179 	return (&ilp->il_stat[iloff]);
180 }
181 
182 /*
183  * Malloc buffers and set up cache.
184  */
185 void
186 bufinit(void)
187 {
188 	int i;
189 
190 	pdirbp = (struct bufarea *)0;
191 	bzero(&cgblk, sizeof(struct bufarea));
192 	cgblk.b_un.b_buf = Malloc((unsigned int)sblock.fs_bsize);
193 	if (cgblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL)
194 		errx(EEXIT, "Initial malloc(%d) failed", sblock.fs_bsize);
195 	initbarea(&cgblk, BT_CYLGRP);
196 	cgbufs = NULL;
197 	numbufs = cachelookups = cachereads = 0;
198 	TAILQ_INIT(&bufqueuehd);
199 	for (i = 0; i < HASHSIZE; i++)
200 		LIST_INIT(&bufhashhd[i]);
201 	for (i = 0; i < BT_NUMBUFTYPES; i++) {
202 		readtime[i].tv_sec = totalreadtime[i].tv_sec = 0;
203 		readtime[i].tv_nsec = totalreadtime[i].tv_nsec = 0;
204 		readcnt[i] = totalreadcnt[i] = 0;
205 	}
206 }
207 
208 static struct bufarea *
209 allocbuf(const char *failreason)
210 {
211 	struct bufarea *bp;
212 	char *bufp;
213 
214 	bp = (struct bufarea *)Malloc(sizeof(struct bufarea));
215 	bufp = Malloc((unsigned int)sblock.fs_bsize);
216 	if (bp == NULL || bufp == NULL) {
217 		errx(EEXIT, "%s", failreason);
218 		/* NOTREACHED */
219 	}
220 	numbufs++;
221 	bp->b_un.b_buf = bufp;
222 	TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&bufqueuehd, bp, b_list);
223 	initbarea(bp, BT_UNKNOWN);
224 	return (bp);
225 }
226 
227 /*
228  * Manage cylinder group buffers.
229  *
230  * Use getblk() here rather than cgget() because the cylinder group
231  * may be corrupted but we want it anyway so we can fix it.
232  */
233 static struct bufarea *cgbufs;	/* header for cylinder group cache */
234 static int flushtries;		/* number of tries to reclaim memory */
235 
236 struct bufarea *
237 cglookup(int cg)
238 {
239 	struct bufarea *cgbp;
240 	struct cg *cgp;
241 
242 	if ((unsigned) cg >= sblock.fs_ncg)
243 		errx(EEXIT, "cglookup: out of range cylinder group %d", cg);
244 	if (cgbufs == NULL) {
245 		cgbufs = calloc(sblock.fs_ncg, sizeof(struct bufarea));
246 		if (cgbufs == NULL)
247 			errx(EEXIT, "Cannot allocate cylinder group buffers");
248 	}
249 	cgbp = &cgbufs[cg];
250 	if (cgbp->b_un.b_cg != NULL)
251 		return (cgbp);
252 	cgp = NULL;
253 	if (flushtries == 0)
254 		cgp = Malloc((unsigned int)sblock.fs_cgsize);
255 	if (cgp == NULL) {
256 		if (sujrecovery)
257 			errx(EEXIT,"Ran out of memory during journal recovery");
258 		getblk(&cgblk, cgtod(&sblock, cg), sblock.fs_cgsize);
259 		return (&cgblk);
260 	}
261 	cgbp->b_un.b_cg = cgp;
262 	initbarea(cgbp, BT_CYLGRP);
263 	getblk(cgbp, cgtod(&sblock, cg), sblock.fs_cgsize);
264 	return (cgbp);
265 }
266 
267 /*
268  * Mark a cylinder group buffer as dirty.
269  * Update its check-hash if they are enabled.
270  */
271 void
272 cgdirty(struct bufarea *cgbp)
273 {
274 	struct cg *cg;
275 
276 	cg = cgbp->b_un.b_cg;
277 	if ((sblock.fs_metackhash & CK_CYLGRP) != 0) {
278 		cg->cg_ckhash = 0;
279 		cg->cg_ckhash =
280 		    calculate_crc32c(~0L, (void *)cg, sblock.fs_cgsize);
281 	}
282 	dirty(cgbp);
283 }
284 
285 /*
286  * Attempt to flush a cylinder group cache entry.
287  * Return whether the flush was successful.
288  */
289 int
290 flushentry(void)
291 {
292 	struct bufarea *cgbp;
293 
294 	if (sujrecovery || flushtries == sblock.fs_ncg || cgbufs == NULL)
295 		return (0);
296 	cgbp = &cgbufs[flushtries++];
297 	if (cgbp->b_un.b_cg == NULL)
298 		return (0);
299 	flush(fswritefd, cgbp);
300 	free(cgbp->b_un.b_buf);
301 	cgbp->b_un.b_buf = NULL;
302 	return (1);
303 }
304 
305 /*
306  * Manage a cache of directory blocks.
307  */
308 struct bufarea *
309 getdatablk(ufs2_daddr_t blkno, long size, int type)
310 {
311 	struct bufarea *bp;
312 	struct bufhash *bhdp;
313 
314 	cachelookups++;
315 	/* If out of range, return empty buffer with b_err == -1 */
316 	if (type != BT_INODES && chkrange(blkno, size / sblock.fs_fsize)) {
317 		blkno = -1;
318 		type = BT_EMPTY;
319 	}
320 	bhdp = &bufhashhd[HASH(blkno)];
321 	LIST_FOREACH(bp, bhdp, b_hash)
322 		if (bp->b_bno == fsbtodb(&sblock, blkno)) {
323 			if (debug && bp->b_size != size) {
324 				prtbuf("getdatablk: size mismatch", bp);
325 				pfatal("getdatablk: b_size %d != size %ld\n",
326 				    bp->b_size, size);
327 			}
328 			goto foundit;
329 		}
330 	/*
331 	 * Move long-term busy buffer back to the front of the LRU so we
332 	 * do not endless inspect them for recycling.
333 	 */
334 	bp = TAILQ_LAST(&bufqueuehd, bufqueue);
335 	if (bp != NULL && bp->b_refcnt != 0) {
336 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&bufqueuehd, bp, b_list);
337 		TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&bufqueuehd, bp, b_list);
338 	}
339 	/*
340 	 * Allocate up to the minimum number of buffers before
341 	 * considering recycling any of them.
342 	 */
343 	if (size > sblock.fs_bsize)
344 		errx(EEXIT, "Excessive buffer size %ld > %d\n", size,
345 		    sblock.fs_bsize);
346 	if (numbufs < MINBUFS) {
347 		bp = allocbuf("cannot create minimal buffer pool");
348 	} else if (sujrecovery) {
349 		/*
350 		 * SUJ recovery does not want anything written until it
351 		 * has successfully completed (so it can fail back to
352 		 * full fsck). Thus, we can only recycle clean buffers.
353 		 */
354 		TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(bp, &bufqueuehd, bufqueue, b_list)
355 			if ((bp->b_flags & B_DIRTY) == 0 && bp->b_refcnt == 0)
356 				break;
357 		if (bp == NULL)
358 			bp = allocbuf("Ran out of memory during "
359 			    "journal recovery");
360 		else
361 			LIST_REMOVE(bp, b_hash);
362 	} else {
363 		/*
364 		 * Recycle oldest non-busy buffer.
365 		 */
366 		TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(bp, &bufqueuehd, bufqueue, b_list)
367 			if (bp->b_refcnt == 0)
368 				break;
369 		if (bp == NULL)
370 			bp = allocbuf("Ran out of memory for buffers");
371 		else
372 			LIST_REMOVE(bp, b_hash);
373 	}
374 	flush(fswritefd, bp);
375 	bp->b_type = type;
376 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(bhdp, bp, b_hash);
377 	getblk(bp, blkno, size);
378 	cachereads++;
379 	/* fall through */
380 foundit:
381 	if (debug && bp->b_type != type) {
382 		printf("getdatablk: buffer type changed to %s",
383 		    BT_BUFTYPE(type));
384 		prtbuf("", bp);
385 	}
386 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&bufqueuehd, bp, b_list);
387 	TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&bufqueuehd, bp, b_list);
388 	if (bp->b_errs == 0)
389 		bp->b_refcnt++;
390 	return (bp);
391 }
392 
393 void
394 getblk(struct bufarea *bp, ufs2_daddr_t blk, long size)
395 {
396 	ufs2_daddr_t dblk;
397 	struct timespec start, finish;
398 
399 	dblk = fsbtodb(&sblock, blk);
400 	if (bp->b_bno == dblk) {
401 		totalreads++;
402 	} else {
403 		if (debug) {
404 			readcnt[bp->b_type]++;
405 			clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &start);
406 		}
407 		if (bp->b_type != BT_EMPTY)
408 			bp->b_errs =
409 			    blread(fsreadfd, bp->b_un.b_buf, dblk, size);
410 		else
411 			bp->b_errs = -1;
412 		if (debug) {
413 			clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &finish);
414 			timespecsub(&finish, &start, &finish);
415 			timespecadd(&readtime[bp->b_type], &finish,
416 			    &readtime[bp->b_type]);
417 		}
418 		bp->b_bno = dblk;
419 		bp->b_size = size;
420 	}
421 }
422 
423 void
424 brelse(struct bufarea *bp)
425 {
426 
427 	if (bp->b_refcnt <= 0)
428 		prtbuf("brelse: buffer with negative reference count", bp);
429 	bp->b_refcnt--;
430 }
431 
432 void
433 flush(int fd, struct bufarea *bp)
434 {
435 	struct inode ip;
436 
437 	if ((bp->b_flags & B_DIRTY) == 0)
438 		return;
439 	bp->b_flags &= ~B_DIRTY;
440 	if (fswritefd < 0) {
441 		pfatal("WRITING IN READ_ONLY MODE.\n");
442 		return;
443 	}
444 	if (bp->b_errs != 0)
445 		pfatal("WRITING %sZERO'ED BLOCK %lld TO DISK\n",
446 		    (bp->b_errs == bp->b_size / dev_bsize) ? "" : "PARTIALLY ",
447 		    (long long)bp->b_bno);
448 	bp->b_errs = 0;
449 	/*
450 	 * Write using the appropriate function.
451 	 */
452 	switch (bp->b_type) {
453 	case BT_SUPERBLK:
454 		if (bp != &sblk)
455 			pfatal("BUFFER %p DOES NOT MATCH SBLK %p\n",
456 			    bp, &sblk);
457 		if (sbput(fd, bp->b_un.b_fs, 0) == 0)
458 			fsmodified = 1;
459 		break;
460 	case BT_CYLGRP:
461 		if (sujrecovery)
462 			cg_write(bp);
463 		if (cgput(fswritefd, &sblock, bp->b_un.b_cg) == 0)
464 			fsmodified = 1;
465 		break;
466 	case BT_INODES:
467 		if (debug && sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC) {
468 			struct ufs2_dinode *dp = bp->b_un.b_dinode2;
469 			int i;
470 
471 			for (i = 0; i < INOPB(&sblock); dp++, i++) {
472 				if (ffs_verify_dinode_ckhash(&sblock, dp) == 0)
473 					continue;
474 				pwarn("flush: INODE CHECK-HASH FAILED");
475 				ip.i_bp = bp;
476 				ip.i_dp = (union dinode *)dp;
477 				ip.i_number = bp->b_index + i;
478 				prtinode(&ip);
479 				if (preen || reply("FIX") != 0) {
480 					if (preen)
481 						printf(" (FIXED)\n");
482 					ffs_update_dinode_ckhash(&sblock, dp);
483 					inodirty(&ip);
484 				}
485 			}
486 		}
487 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
488 	default:
489 		blwrite(fd, bp->b_un.b_buf, bp->b_bno, bp->b_size);
490 		break;
491 	}
492 }
493 
494 /*
495  * Journaled soft updates does not maintain cylinder group summary
496  * information during cleanup, so this routine recalculates the summary
497  * information and updates the superblock summary in preparation for
498  * writing out the cylinder group.
499  */
500 static void
501 cg_write(struct bufarea *bp)
502 {
503 	ufs1_daddr_t fragno, cgbno, maxbno;
504 	u_int8_t *blksfree;
505 	struct cg *cgp;
506 	int blk;
507 	int i;
508 
509 	/*
510 	 * Fix the frag and cluster summary.
511 	 */
512 	cgp = bp->b_un.b_cg;
513 	cgp->cg_cs.cs_nbfree = 0;
514 	cgp->cg_cs.cs_nffree = 0;
515 	bzero(&cgp->cg_frsum, sizeof(cgp->cg_frsum));
516 	maxbno = fragstoblks(&sblock, sblock.fs_fpg);
517 	if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) {
518 		for (i = 1; i <= sblock.fs_contigsumsize; i++)
519 			cg_clustersum(cgp)[i] = 0;
520 		bzero(cg_clustersfree(cgp), howmany(maxbno, CHAR_BIT));
521 	}
522 	blksfree = cg_blksfree(cgp);
523 	for (cgbno = 0; cgbno < maxbno; cgbno++) {
524 		if (ffs_isfreeblock(&sblock, blksfree, cgbno))
525 			continue;
526 		if (ffs_isblock(&sblock, blksfree, cgbno)) {
527 			ffs_clusteracct(&sblock, cgp, cgbno, 1);
528 			cgp->cg_cs.cs_nbfree++;
529 			continue;
530 		}
531 		fragno = blkstofrags(&sblock, cgbno);
532 		blk = blkmap(&sblock, blksfree, fragno);
533 		ffs_fragacct(&sblock, blk, cgp->cg_frsum, 1);
534 		for (i = 0; i < sblock.fs_frag; i++)
535 			if (isset(blksfree, fragno + i))
536 				cgp->cg_cs.cs_nffree++;
537 	}
538 	/*
539 	 * Update the superblock cg summary from our now correct values
540 	 * before writing the block.
541 	 */
542 	sblock.fs_cs(&sblock, cgp->cg_cgx) = cgp->cg_cs;
543 }
544 
545 void
546 rwerror(const char *mesg, ufs2_daddr_t blk)
547 {
548 
549 	if (bkgrdcheck)
550 		exit(EEXIT);
551 	if (preen == 0)
552 		printf("\n");
553 	pfatal("CANNOT %s: %ld", mesg, (long)blk);
554 	if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0)
555 		exit(EEXIT);
556 }
557 
558 void
559 ckfini(int markclean)
560 {
561 	struct bufarea *bp, *nbp;
562 	int ofsmodified, cnt;
563 
564 	if (bkgrdflag) {
565 		unlink(snapname);
566 		if ((!(sblock.fs_flags & FS_UNCLEAN)) != markclean) {
567 			cmd.value = FS_UNCLEAN;
568 			cmd.size = markclean ? -1 : 1;
569 			if (sysctlbyname("vfs.ffs.setflags", 0, 0,
570 			    &cmd, sizeof cmd) == -1)
571 				rwerror("SET FILE SYSTEM FLAGS", FS_UNCLEAN);
572 			if (!preen) {
573 				printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM MARKED %s *****\n",
574 				    markclean ? "CLEAN" : "DIRTY");
575 				if (!markclean)
576 					rerun = 1;
577 			}
578 		} else if (!preen && !markclean) {
579 			printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM STILL DIRTY *****\n");
580 			rerun = 1;
581 		}
582 	}
583 	if (debug && totalreads > 0)
584 		printf("cache with %d buffers missed %d of %d (%d%%)\n",
585 		    numbufs, cachereads, cachelookups,
586 		    (int)(cachereads * 100 / cachelookups));
587 	if (fswritefd < 0) {
588 		(void)close(fsreadfd);
589 		return;
590 	}
591 	/*
592 	 * To remain idempotent with partial truncations the buffers
593 	 * must be flushed in this order:
594 	 *  1) cylinder groups (bitmaps)
595 	 *  2) indirect, directory, external attribute, and data blocks
596 	 *  3) inode blocks
597 	 *  4) superblock
598 	 * This ordering preserves access to the modified pointers
599 	 * until they are freed.
600 	 */
601 	/* Step 1: cylinder groups */
602 	if (debug)
603 		printf("Flush Cylinder groups\n");
604 	if (cgbufs != NULL) {
605 		for (cnt = 0; cnt < sblock.fs_ncg; cnt++) {
606 			if (cgbufs[cnt].b_un.b_cg == NULL)
607 				continue;
608 			flush(fswritefd, &cgbufs[cnt]);
609 			free(cgbufs[cnt].b_un.b_cg);
610 		}
611 		free(cgbufs);
612 	}
613 	flush(fswritefd, &cgblk);
614 	free(cgblk.b_un.b_buf);
615 	cnt = 0;
616 	/* Step 2: indirect, directory, external attribute, and data blocks */
617 	if (debug)
618 		printf("Flush indirect, directory, external attribute, "
619 		    "and data blocks\n");
620 	if (pdirbp != NULL)
621 		brelse(pdirbp);
622 	TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE_SAFE(bp, &bufqueuehd, bufqueue, b_list, nbp) {
623 		switch (bp->b_type) {
624 		/* These should not be in the buffer cache list */
625 		case BT_UNKNOWN:
626 		case BT_SUPERBLK:
627 		case BT_CYLGRP:
628 		default:
629 			prtbuf("ckfini: improper buffer type on cache list",bp);
630 			continue;
631 		/* These are the ones to flush in this step */
632 		case BT_EMPTY:
633 			if (bp->b_bno >= 0)
634 				pfatal("Unused BT_EMPTY buffer for block %jd\n",
635 				    (intmax_t)bp->b_bno);
636 			/* FALLTHROUGH */
637 		case BT_LEVEL1:
638 		case BT_LEVEL2:
639 		case BT_LEVEL3:
640 		case BT_EXTATTR:
641 		case BT_DIRDATA:
642 		case BT_DATA:
643 			break;
644 		/* These are the ones to flush in the next step */
645 		case BT_INODES:
646 			continue;
647 		}
648 		if (debug && bp->b_refcnt != 0) {
649 			prtbuf("ckfini: clearing in-use buffer", bp);
650 			pfatal("ckfini: clearing in-use buffer\n");
651 		}
652 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&bufqueuehd, bp, b_list);
653 		cnt++;
654 		flush(fswritefd, bp);
655 		free(bp->b_un.b_buf);
656 		free((char *)bp);
657 	}
658 	/* Step 3: inode blocks */
659 	if (debug)
660 		printf("Flush inode blocks\n");
661 	if (icachebp != NULL)
662 		brelse(icachebp);
663 	TAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE_SAFE(bp, &bufqueuehd, bufqueue, b_list, nbp) {
664 		if (debug && bp->b_refcnt != 0) {
665 			prtbuf("ckfini: clearing in-use buffer", bp);
666 			pfatal("ckfini: clearing in-use buffer\n");
667 		}
668 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&bufqueuehd, bp, b_list);
669 		cnt++;
670 		flush(fswritefd, bp);
671 		free(bp->b_un.b_buf);
672 		free((char *)bp);
673 	}
674 	if (numbufs != cnt)
675 		errx(EEXIT, "panic: lost %d buffers", numbufs - cnt);
676 	/* Step 4: superblock */
677 	if (debug)
678 		printf("Flush the superblock\n");
679 	flush(fswritefd, &sblk);
680 	if (havesb && cursnapshot == 0 && sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC &&
681 	    sblk.b_bno != sblock.fs_sblockloc / dev_bsize &&
682 	    !preen && reply("UPDATE STANDARD SUPERBLOCK")) {
683 		/* Change the write destination to standard superblock */
684 		sblock.fs_sblockactualloc = sblock.fs_sblockloc;
685 		sblk.b_bno = sblock.fs_sblockloc / dev_bsize;
686 		sbdirty();
687 		flush(fswritefd, &sblk);
688 	}
689 	pdirbp = (struct bufarea *)0;
690 	if (cursnapshot == 0 && sblock.fs_clean != markclean) {
691 		if ((sblock.fs_clean = markclean) != 0) {
692 			sblock.fs_flags &= ~(FS_UNCLEAN | FS_NEEDSFSCK);
693 			sblock.fs_pendingblocks = 0;
694 			sblock.fs_pendinginodes = 0;
695 		}
696 		sbdirty();
697 		ofsmodified = fsmodified;
698 		flush(fswritefd, &sblk);
699 		fsmodified = ofsmodified;
700 		if (!preen) {
701 			printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM MARKED %s *****\n",
702 			    markclean ? "CLEAN" : "DIRTY");
703 			if (!markclean)
704 				rerun = 1;
705 		}
706 	} else if (!preen) {
707 		if (markclean) {
708 			printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM IS CLEAN *****\n");
709 		} else {
710 			printf("\n***** FILE SYSTEM STILL DIRTY *****\n");
711 			rerun = 1;
712 		}
713 	}
714 	finalIOstats();
715 	(void)close(fsreadfd);
716 	(void)close(fswritefd);
717 }
718 
719 /*
720  * Print out I/O statistics.
721  */
722 void
723 IOstats(char *what)
724 {
725 	int i;
726 
727 	if (debug == 0)
728 		return;
729 	if (diskreads == 0) {
730 		printf("%s: no I/O\n\n", what);
731 		return;
732 	}
733 	if (startpass.tv_sec == 0)
734 		startpass = startprog;
735 	printf("%s: I/O statistics\n", what);
736 	printIOstats();
737 	totaldiskreads += diskreads;
738 	diskreads = 0;
739 	for (i = 0; i < BT_NUMBUFTYPES; i++) {
740 		timespecadd(&totalreadtime[i], &readtime[i], &totalreadtime[i]);
741 		totalreadcnt[i] += readcnt[i];
742 		readtime[i].tv_sec = readtime[i].tv_nsec = 0;
743 		readcnt[i] = 0;
744 	}
745 	clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &startpass);
746 }
747 
748 void
749 finalIOstats(void)
750 {
751 	int i;
752 
753 	if (debug == 0)
754 		return;
755 	printf("Final I/O statistics\n");
756 	totaldiskreads += diskreads;
757 	diskreads = totaldiskreads;
758 	startpass = startprog;
759 	for (i = 0; i < BT_NUMBUFTYPES; i++) {
760 		timespecadd(&totalreadtime[i], &readtime[i], &totalreadtime[i]);
761 		totalreadcnt[i] += readcnt[i];
762 		readtime[i] = totalreadtime[i];
763 		readcnt[i] = totalreadcnt[i];
764 	}
765 	printIOstats();
766 }
767 
768 static void printIOstats(void)
769 {
770 	long long msec, totalmsec;
771 	int i;
772 
773 	clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE, &finishpass);
774 	timespecsub(&finishpass, &startpass, &finishpass);
775 	printf("Running time: %jd.%03ld sec\n",
776 		(intmax_t)finishpass.tv_sec, finishpass.tv_nsec / 1000000);
777 	printf("buffer reads by type:\n");
778 	for (totalmsec = 0, i = 0; i < BT_NUMBUFTYPES; i++)
779 		totalmsec += readtime[i].tv_sec * 1000 +
780 		    readtime[i].tv_nsec / 1000000;
781 	if (totalmsec == 0)
782 		totalmsec = 1;
783 	for (i = 0; i < BT_NUMBUFTYPES; i++) {
784 		if (readcnt[i] == 0)
785 			continue;
786 		msec =
787 		    readtime[i].tv_sec * 1000 + readtime[i].tv_nsec / 1000000;
788 		printf("%21s:%8ld %2ld.%ld%% %4jd.%03ld sec %2lld.%lld%%\n",
789 		    buftype[i], readcnt[i], readcnt[i] * 100 / diskreads,
790 		    (readcnt[i] * 1000 / diskreads) % 10,
791 		    (intmax_t)readtime[i].tv_sec, readtime[i].tv_nsec / 1000000,
792 		    msec * 100 / totalmsec, (msec * 1000 / totalmsec) % 10);
793 	}
794 	printf("\n");
795 }
796 
797 int
798 blread(int fd, char *buf, ufs2_daddr_t blk, long size)
799 {
800 	char *cp;
801 	int i, errs;
802 	off_t offset;
803 
804 	offset = blk;
805 	offset *= dev_bsize;
806 	if (bkgrdflag)
807 		slowio_start();
808 	totalreads++;
809 	diskreads++;
810 	if (pread(fd, buf, (int)size, offset) == size) {
811 		if (bkgrdflag)
812 			slowio_end();
813 		return (0);
814 	}
815 
816 	/*
817 	 * This is handled specially here instead of in rwerror because
818 	 * rwerror is used for all sorts of errors, not just true read/write
819 	 * errors.  It should be refactored and fixed.
820 	 */
821 	if (surrender) {
822 		pfatal("CANNOT READ_BLK: %ld", (long)blk);
823 		errx(EEXIT, "ABORTING DUE TO READ ERRORS");
824 	} else
825 		rwerror("READ BLK", blk);
826 
827 	errs = 0;
828 	memset(buf, 0, (size_t)size);
829 	printf("THE FOLLOWING DISK SECTORS COULD NOT BE READ:");
830 	for (cp = buf, i = 0; i < size; i += secsize, cp += secsize) {
831 		if (pread(fd, cp, (int)secsize, offset + i) != secsize) {
832 			if (secsize != dev_bsize && dev_bsize != 1)
833 				printf(" %jd (%jd),",
834 				    (intmax_t)(blk * dev_bsize + i) / secsize,
835 				    (intmax_t)blk + i / dev_bsize);
836 			else
837 				printf(" %jd,", (intmax_t)blk + i / dev_bsize);
838 			errs++;
839 		}
840 	}
841 	printf("\n");
842 	if (errs)
843 		resolved = 0;
844 	return (errs);
845 }
846 
847 void
848 blwrite(int fd, char *buf, ufs2_daddr_t blk, ssize_t size)
849 {
850 	int i;
851 	char *cp;
852 	off_t offset;
853 
854 	if (fd < 0)
855 		return;
856 	offset = blk;
857 	offset *= dev_bsize;
858 	if (pwrite(fd, buf, size, offset) == size) {
859 		fsmodified = 1;
860 		return;
861 	}
862 	resolved = 0;
863 	rwerror("WRITE BLK", blk);
864 	printf("THE FOLLOWING SECTORS COULD NOT BE WRITTEN:");
865 	for (cp = buf, i = 0; i < size; i += dev_bsize, cp += dev_bsize)
866 		if (pwrite(fd, cp, dev_bsize, offset + i) != dev_bsize)
867 			printf(" %jd,", (intmax_t)blk + i / dev_bsize);
868 	printf("\n");
869 	return;
870 }
871 
872 void
873 blerase(int fd, ufs2_daddr_t blk, long size)
874 {
875 	off_t ioarg[2];
876 
877 	if (fd < 0)
878 		return;
879 	ioarg[0] = blk * dev_bsize;
880 	ioarg[1] = size;
881 	ioctl(fd, DIOCGDELETE, ioarg);
882 	/* we don't really care if we succeed or not */
883 	return;
884 }
885 
886 /*
887  * Fill a contiguous region with all-zeroes.  Note ZEROBUFSIZE is by
888  * definition a multiple of dev_bsize.
889  */
890 void
891 blzero(int fd, ufs2_daddr_t blk, long size)
892 {
893 	static char *zero;
894 	off_t offset, len;
895 
896 	if (fd < 0)
897 		return;
898 	if (zero == NULL) {
899 		zero = calloc(ZEROBUFSIZE, 1);
900 		if (zero == NULL)
901 			errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate buffer pool");
902 	}
903 	offset = blk * dev_bsize;
904 	if (lseek(fd, offset, 0) < 0)
905 		rwerror("SEEK BLK", blk);
906 	while (size > 0) {
907 		len = MIN(ZEROBUFSIZE, size);
908 		if (write(fd, zero, len) != len)
909 			rwerror("WRITE BLK", blk);
910 		blk += len / dev_bsize;
911 		size -= len;
912 	}
913 }
914 
915 /*
916  * Verify cylinder group's magic number and other parameters.  If the
917  * test fails, offer an option to rebuild the whole cylinder group.
918  */
919 int
920 check_cgmagic(int cg, struct bufarea *cgbp, int request_rebuild)
921 {
922 	struct cg *cgp = cgbp->b_un.b_cg;
923 	uint32_t cghash, calchash;
924 
925 	/*
926 	 * Extended cylinder group checks.
927 	 */
928 	calchash = cgp->cg_ckhash;
929 	if ((sblock.fs_metackhash & CK_CYLGRP) != 0) {
930 		cghash = cgp->cg_ckhash;
931 		cgp->cg_ckhash = 0;
932 		calchash = calculate_crc32c(~0L, (void *)cgp, sblock.fs_cgsize);
933 		cgp->cg_ckhash = cghash;
934 	}
935 	if (cgp->cg_ckhash == calchash &&
936 	    cg_chkmagic(cgp) &&
937 	    cgp->cg_cgx == cg &&
938 	    ((sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC &&
939 	      cgp->cg_old_niblk == sblock.fs_ipg &&
940 	      cgp->cg_ndblk <= sblock.fs_fpg &&
941 	      cgp->cg_old_ncyl <= sblock.fs_old_cpg) ||
942 	     (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC &&
943 	      cgp->cg_niblk == sblock.fs_ipg &&
944 	      cgp->cg_ndblk <= sblock.fs_fpg &&
945 	      cgp->cg_initediblk <= sblock.fs_ipg))) {
946 		return (1);
947 	}
948 	pfatal("CYLINDER GROUP %d: INTEGRITY CHECK FAILED", cg);
949 	if (!request_rebuild)
950 		return (0);
951 	if (!reply("REBUILD CYLINDER GROUP")) {
952 		printf("YOU WILL NEED TO RERUN FSCK.\n");
953 		rerun = 1;
954 		return (1);
955 	}
956 	/*
957 	 * Zero out the cylinder group and then initialize critical fields.
958 	 * Bit maps and summaries will be recalculated by later passes.
959 	 */
960 	memset(cgp, 0, (size_t)sblock.fs_cgsize);
961 	cgp->cg_magic = CG_MAGIC;
962 	cgp->cg_cgx = cg;
963 	cgp->cg_niblk = sblock.fs_ipg;
964 	cgp->cg_initediblk = MIN(sblock.fs_ipg, 2 * INOPB(&sblock));
965 	if (cgbase(&sblock, cg) + sblock.fs_fpg < sblock.fs_size)
966 		cgp->cg_ndblk = sblock.fs_fpg;
967 	else
968 		cgp->cg_ndblk = sblock.fs_size - cgbase(&sblock, cg);
969 	cgp->cg_iusedoff = &cgp->cg_space[0] - (u_char *)(&cgp->cg_firstfield);
970 	if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) {
971 		cgp->cg_niblk = 0;
972 		cgp->cg_initediblk = 0;
973 		cgp->cg_old_ncyl = sblock.fs_old_cpg;
974 		cgp->cg_old_niblk = sblock.fs_ipg;
975 		cgp->cg_old_btotoff = cgp->cg_iusedoff;
976 		cgp->cg_old_boff = cgp->cg_old_btotoff +
977 		    sblock.fs_old_cpg * sizeof(int32_t);
978 		cgp->cg_iusedoff = cgp->cg_old_boff +
979 		    sblock.fs_old_cpg * sizeof(u_int16_t);
980 	}
981 	cgp->cg_freeoff = cgp->cg_iusedoff + howmany(sblock.fs_ipg, CHAR_BIT);
982 	cgp->cg_nextfreeoff = cgp->cg_freeoff + howmany(sblock.fs_fpg,CHAR_BIT);
983 	if (sblock.fs_contigsumsize > 0) {
984 		cgp->cg_nclusterblks = cgp->cg_ndblk / sblock.fs_frag;
985 		cgp->cg_clustersumoff =
986 		    roundup(cgp->cg_nextfreeoff, sizeof(u_int32_t));
987 		cgp->cg_clustersumoff -= sizeof(u_int32_t);
988 		cgp->cg_clusteroff = cgp->cg_clustersumoff +
989 		    (sblock.fs_contigsumsize + 1) * sizeof(u_int32_t);
990 		cgp->cg_nextfreeoff = cgp->cg_clusteroff +
991 		    howmany(fragstoblks(&sblock, sblock.fs_fpg), CHAR_BIT);
992 	}
993 	cgdirty(cgbp);
994 	return (0);
995 }
996 
997 /*
998  * allocate a data block with the specified number of fragments
999  */
1000 ufs2_daddr_t
1001 allocblk(long frags)
1002 {
1003 	int i, j, k, cg, baseblk;
1004 	struct bufarea *cgbp;
1005 	struct cg *cgp;
1006 
1007 	if (frags <= 0 || frags > sblock.fs_frag)
1008 		return (0);
1009 	for (i = 0; i < maxfsblock - sblock.fs_frag; i += sblock.fs_frag) {
1010 		for (j = 0; j <= sblock.fs_frag - frags; j++) {
1011 			if (testbmap(i + j))
1012 				continue;
1013 			for (k = 1; k < frags; k++)
1014 				if (testbmap(i + j + k))
1015 					break;
1016 			if (k < frags) {
1017 				j += k;
1018 				continue;
1019 			}
1020 			cg = dtog(&sblock, i + j);
1021 			cgbp = cglookup(cg);
1022 			cgp = cgbp->b_un.b_cg;
1023 			if (!check_cgmagic(cg, cgbp, 0))
1024 				return (0);
1025 			baseblk = dtogd(&sblock, i + j);
1026 			for (k = 0; k < frags; k++) {
1027 				setbmap(i + j + k);
1028 				clrbit(cg_blksfree(cgp), baseblk + k);
1029 			}
1030 			n_blks += frags;
1031 			if (frags == sblock.fs_frag)
1032 				cgp->cg_cs.cs_nbfree--;
1033 			else
1034 				cgp->cg_cs.cs_nffree -= frags;
1035 			cgdirty(cgbp);
1036 			return (i + j);
1037 		}
1038 	}
1039 	return (0);
1040 }
1041 
1042 /*
1043  * Slow down IO so as to leave some disk bandwidth for other processes
1044  */
1045 void
1046 slowio_start()
1047 {
1048 
1049 	/* Delay one in every 8 operations */
1050 	slowio_pollcnt = (slowio_pollcnt + 1) & 7;
1051 	if (slowio_pollcnt == 0) {
1052 		gettimeofday(&slowio_starttime, NULL);
1053 	}
1054 }
1055 
1056 void
1057 slowio_end()
1058 {
1059 	struct timeval tv;
1060 	int delay_usec;
1061 
1062 	if (slowio_pollcnt != 0)
1063 		return;
1064 
1065 	/* Update the slowdown interval. */
1066 	gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
1067 	delay_usec = (tv.tv_sec - slowio_starttime.tv_sec) * 1000000 +
1068 	    (tv.tv_usec - slowio_starttime.tv_usec);
1069 	if (delay_usec < 64)
1070 		delay_usec = 64;
1071 	if (delay_usec > 2500000)
1072 		delay_usec = 2500000;
1073 	slowio_delay_usec = (slowio_delay_usec * 63 + delay_usec) >> 6;
1074 	/* delay by 8 times the average IO delay */
1075 	if (slowio_delay_usec > 64)
1076 		usleep(slowio_delay_usec * 8);
1077 }
1078 
1079 /*
1080  * Find a pathname
1081  */
1082 void
1083 getpathname(char *namebuf, ino_t curdir, ino_t ino)
1084 {
1085 	int len;
1086 	char *cp;
1087 	struct inode ip;
1088 	struct inodesc idesc;
1089 	static int busy = 0;
1090 
1091 	if (curdir == ino && ino == UFS_ROOTINO) {
1092 		(void)strcpy(namebuf, "/");
1093 		return;
1094 	}
1095 	if (busy || !INO_IS_DVALID(curdir)) {
1096 		(void)strcpy(namebuf, "?");
1097 		return;
1098 	}
1099 	busy = 1;
1100 	memset(&idesc, 0, sizeof(struct inodesc));
1101 	idesc.id_type = DATA;
1102 	idesc.id_fix = IGNORE;
1103 	cp = &namebuf[MAXPATHLEN - 1];
1104 	*cp = '\0';
1105 	if (curdir != ino) {
1106 		idesc.id_parent = curdir;
1107 		goto namelookup;
1108 	}
1109 	while (ino != UFS_ROOTINO) {
1110 		idesc.id_number = ino;
1111 		idesc.id_func = findino;
1112 		idesc.id_name = strdup("..");
1113 		ginode(ino, &ip);
1114 		if ((ckinode(ip.i_dp, &idesc) & FOUND) == 0) {
1115 			irelse(&ip);
1116 			break;
1117 		}
1118 		irelse(&ip);
1119 	namelookup:
1120 		idesc.id_number = idesc.id_parent;
1121 		idesc.id_parent = ino;
1122 		idesc.id_func = findname;
1123 		idesc.id_name = namebuf;
1124 		ginode(idesc.id_number, &ip);
1125 		if ((ckinode(ip.i_dp, &idesc) & FOUND) == 0) {
1126 			irelse(&ip);
1127 			break;
1128 		}
1129 		irelse(&ip);
1130 		len = strlen(namebuf);
1131 		cp -= len;
1132 		memmove(cp, namebuf, (size_t)len);
1133 		*--cp = '/';
1134 		if (cp < &namebuf[UFS_MAXNAMLEN])
1135 			break;
1136 		ino = idesc.id_number;
1137 	}
1138 	busy = 0;
1139 	if (ino != UFS_ROOTINO)
1140 		*--cp = '?';
1141 	memmove(namebuf, cp, (size_t)(&namebuf[MAXPATHLEN] - cp));
1142 }
1143 
1144 void
1145 catch(int sig __unused)
1146 {
1147 
1148 	ckfini(0);
1149 	exit(12);
1150 }
1151 
1152 /*
1153  * When preening, allow a single quit to signal
1154  * a special exit after file system checks complete
1155  * so that reboot sequence may be interrupted.
1156  */
1157 void
1158 catchquit(int sig __unused)
1159 {
1160 	printf("returning to single-user after file system check\n");
1161 	returntosingle = 1;
1162 	(void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL);
1163 }
1164 
1165 /*
1166  * determine whether an inode should be fixed.
1167  */
1168 int
1169 dofix(struct inodesc *idesc, const char *msg)
1170 {
1171 
1172 	switch (idesc->id_fix) {
1173 
1174 	case DONTKNOW:
1175 		if (idesc->id_type == DATA)
1176 			direrror(idesc->id_number, msg);
1177 		else
1178 			pwarn("%s", msg);
1179 		if (preen) {
1180 			printf(" (SALVAGED)\n");
1181 			idesc->id_fix = FIX;
1182 			return (ALTERED);
1183 		}
1184 		if (reply("SALVAGE") == 0) {
1185 			idesc->id_fix = NOFIX;
1186 			return (0);
1187 		}
1188 		idesc->id_fix = FIX;
1189 		return (ALTERED);
1190 
1191 	case FIX:
1192 		return (ALTERED);
1193 
1194 	case NOFIX:
1195 	case IGNORE:
1196 		return (0);
1197 
1198 	default:
1199 		errx(EEXIT, "UNKNOWN INODESC FIX MODE %d", idesc->id_fix);
1200 	}
1201 	/* NOTREACHED */
1202 	return (0);
1203 }
1204 
1205 #include <stdarg.h>
1206 
1207 /*
1208  * Print details about a buffer.
1209  */
1210 static void
1211 prtbuf(const char *msg, struct bufarea *bp)
1212 {
1213 
1214 	printf("%s: bp %p, type %s, bno %jd, size %d, refcnt %d, flags %s, "
1215 	    "index %jd\n", msg, bp, BT_BUFTYPE(bp->b_type), (intmax_t) bp->b_bno,
1216 	    bp->b_size, bp->b_refcnt, bp->b_flags & B_DIRTY ? "dirty" : "clean",
1217 	    (intmax_t) bp->b_index);
1218 }
1219 
1220 /*
1221  * An unexpected inconsistency occurred.
1222  * Die if preening or file system is running with soft dependency protocol,
1223  * otherwise just print message and continue.
1224  */
1225 void
1226 pfatal(const char *fmt, ...)
1227 {
1228 	va_list ap;
1229 	va_start(ap, fmt);
1230 	if (!preen) {
1231 		(void)vfprintf(stdout, fmt, ap);
1232 		va_end(ap);
1233 		if (usedsoftdep)
1234 			(void)fprintf(stdout,
1235 			    "\nUNEXPECTED SOFT UPDATE INCONSISTENCY\n");
1236 		/*
1237 		 * Force foreground fsck to clean up inconsistency.
1238 		 */
1239 		if (bkgrdflag) {
1240 			cmd.value = FS_NEEDSFSCK;
1241 			cmd.size = 1;
1242 			if (sysctlbyname("vfs.ffs.setflags", 0, 0,
1243 			    &cmd, sizeof cmd) == -1)
1244 				pwarn("CANNOT SET FS_NEEDSFSCK FLAG\n");
1245 			fprintf(stdout, "CANNOT RUN IN BACKGROUND\n");
1246 			ckfini(0);
1247 			exit(EEXIT);
1248 		}
1249 		return;
1250 	}
1251 	if (cdevname == NULL)
1252 		cdevname = strdup("fsck");
1253 	(void)fprintf(stdout, "%s: ", cdevname);
1254 	(void)vfprintf(stdout, fmt, ap);
1255 	(void)fprintf(stdout,
1256 	    "\n%s: UNEXPECTED%sINCONSISTENCY; RUN fsck MANUALLY.\n",
1257 	    cdevname, usedsoftdep ? " SOFT UPDATE " : " ");
1258 	/*
1259 	 * Force foreground fsck to clean up inconsistency.
1260 	 */
1261 	if (bkgrdflag) {
1262 		cmd.value = FS_NEEDSFSCK;
1263 		cmd.size = 1;
1264 		if (sysctlbyname("vfs.ffs.setflags", 0, 0,
1265 		    &cmd, sizeof cmd) == -1)
1266 			pwarn("CANNOT SET FS_NEEDSFSCK FLAG\n");
1267 	}
1268 	ckfini(0);
1269 	exit(EEXIT);
1270 }
1271 
1272 /*
1273  * Pwarn just prints a message when not preening or running soft dependency
1274  * protocol, or a warning (preceded by filename) when preening.
1275  */
1276 void
1277 pwarn(const char *fmt, ...)
1278 {
1279 	va_list ap;
1280 	va_start(ap, fmt);
1281 	if (preen)
1282 		(void)fprintf(stdout, "%s: ", cdevname);
1283 	(void)vfprintf(stdout, fmt, ap);
1284 	va_end(ap);
1285 }
1286 
1287 /*
1288  * Stub for routines from kernel.
1289  */
1290 void
1291 panic(const char *fmt, ...)
1292 {
1293 	va_list ap;
1294 	va_start(ap, fmt);
1295 	pfatal("INTERNAL INCONSISTENCY:");
1296 	(void)vfprintf(stdout, fmt, ap);
1297 	va_end(ap);
1298 	exit(EEXIT);
1299 }
1300