xref: /freebsd/sbin/ffsinfo/ffsinfo.c (revision 8d646af581627781d0f44bd773f64304834dd2e7)

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2000 Christoph Herrmann, Thomas-Henning von Kamptz
 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 * Christoph Herrmann and Thomas-Henning von Kamptz, Munich and Frankfurt.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgment:
 *      This product includes software developed by the University of
 *      California, Berkeley and its contributors, as well as Christoph
 *      Herrmann and Thomas-Henning von Kamptz.
 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * $TSHeader: src/sbin/ffsinfo/ffsinfo.c,v 1.4 2000/12/12 19:30:55 tomsoft Exp $
 *
 */

#ifndef lint
static const char copyright[] =
"@(#) Copyright (c) 2000 Christoph Herrmann, Thomas-Henning von Kamptz\n\
Copyright (c) 1980, 1989, 1993 The Regents of the University of California.\n\
All rights reserved.\n";
#endif /* not lint */

#ifndef lint
static const char rcsid[] =
  "$FreeBSD$";
#endif /* not lint */

/* ********************************************************** INCLUDES ***** */
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/disklabel.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>

#include <ufs/ufs/ufsmount.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>

#include <ctype.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <libufs.h>
#include <paths.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include "debug.h"

/* *********************************************************** GLOBALS ***** */
#ifdef FS_DEBUG
int	_dbg_lvl_ = (DL_INFO); /* DL_TRC */
#endif /* FS_DEBUG */

struct uufsd disk;

#define sblock disk.d_fs
#define acg    disk.d_cg

static union {
	struct fs fs;
	char pad[SBLOCKSIZE];
} fsun;

#define osblock fsun.fs

static char	i1blk[MAXBSIZE];
static char	i2blk[MAXBSIZE];
static char	i3blk[MAXBSIZE];

static struct csum	*fscs;

/* ******************************************************** PROTOTYPES ***** */
static void	usage(void);
static void	dump_whole_ufs1_inode(ino_t, int);
static void	dump_whole_ufs2_inode(ino_t, int);

#define DUMP_WHOLE_INODE(A,B) \
	( disk.d_ufs == 1 \
		? dump_whole_ufs1_inode((A),(B)) : dump_whole_ufs2_inode((A),(B)) )

/* ************************************************************** main ***** */
/*
 * ffsinfo(8) is a tool to dump all metadata of a file system. It helps to find
 * errors is the file system much easier. You can run ffsinfo before and  after
 * an  fsck(8),  and compare the two ascii dumps easy with diff, and  you  see
 * directly where the problem is. You can control how much detail you want  to
 * see  with some command line arguments. You can also easy check  the  status
 * of  a file system, like is there is enough space for growing  a  file system,
 * or  how  many active snapshots do we have. It provides much  more  detailed
 * information  then dumpfs. Snapshots, as they are very new, are  not  really
 * supported.  They  are just mentioned currently, but it is  planned  to  run
 * also over active snapshots, to even get that output.
 */
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	DBG_FUNC("main")
	char	*device, *special;
	int	ch;
	size_t	len;
	struct stat	st;
	struct csum	*dbg_csp;
	int	dbg_csc;
	char	dbg_line[80];
	int	cylno,i;
	int	cfg_cg, cfg_in, cfg_lv;
	int	cg_start, cg_stop;
	ino_t	in;
	char	*out_file;

	DBG_ENTER;

	cfg_lv=0xff;
	cfg_in=-2;
	cfg_cg=-2;
	out_file=strdup("/var/tmp/ffsinfo");
	if(out_file == NULL) {
		errx(1, "strdup failed");
	}

	while ((ch=getopt(argc, argv, "g:i:l:o:")) != -1) {
		switch(ch) {
		case 'g':
			cfg_cg=strtol(optarg, NULL, 0);
			if(errno == EINVAL||errno == ERANGE)
				err(1, "%s", optarg);
			if(cfg_cg < -1) {
				usage();
			}
			break;
		case 'i':
			cfg_in=strtol(optarg, NULL, 0);
			if(errno == EINVAL||errno == ERANGE)
				err(1, "%s", optarg);
			if(cfg_in < 0) {
				usage();
			}
			break;
		case 'l':
			cfg_lv=strtol(optarg, NULL, 0);
			if(errno == EINVAL||errno == ERANGE)
				err(1, "%s", optarg);
			if(cfg_lv < 0x1||cfg_lv > 0x3ff) {
				usage();
			}
			break;
		case 'o':
			free(out_file);
			out_file=strdup(optarg);
			if(out_file == NULL) {
				errx(1, "strdup failed");
			}
			break;
		case '?':
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		default:
			usage();
		}
	}
	argc -= optind;
	argv += optind;

	if(argc != 1) {
		usage();
	}
	device=*argv;

	/*
	 * Now we try to guess the (raw)device name.
	 */
	if (0 == strrchr(device, '/') && (stat(device, &st) == -1)) {
		/*
		 * No path prefix was given, so try in that order:
		 *     /dev/r%s
		 *     /dev/%s
		 *     /dev/vinum/r%s
		 *     /dev/vinum/%s.
		 *
		 * FreeBSD now doesn't distinguish between raw and  block
		 * devices any longer, but it should still work this way.
		 */
		len=strlen(device)+strlen(_PATH_DEV)+2+strlen("vinum/");
		special=(char *)malloc(len);
		if(special == NULL) {
			errx(1, "malloc failed");
		}
		snprintf(special, len, "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, device);
		if (stat(special, &st) == -1) {
			snprintf(special, len, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, device);
			if (stat(special, &st) == -1) {
				snprintf(special, len, "%svinum/r%s",
				    _PATH_DEV, device);
				if (stat(special, &st) == -1) {
					/*
					 * For now this is the 'last resort'.
					 */
					snprintf(special, len, "%svinum/%s",
					    _PATH_DEV, device);
				}
			}
		}
		device = special;
	}

	if (ufs_disk_fillout(&disk, device) == -1)
		err(1, "ufs_disk_fillout(%s) failed: %s", device, disk.d_error);

	DBG_OPEN(out_file); /* already here we need a superblock */

	if(cfg_lv & 0x001) {
		DBG_DUMP_FS(&sblock,
		    "primary sblock");
	}

	/*
	 * Determine here what cylinder groups to dump.
	 */
	if(cfg_cg==-2) {
		cg_start=0;
		cg_stop=sblock.fs_ncg;
	} else if (cfg_cg==-1) {
		cg_start=sblock.fs_ncg-1;
		cg_stop=sblock.fs_ncg;
	} else if (cfg_cg<sblock.fs_ncg) {
		cg_start=cfg_cg;
		cg_stop=cfg_cg+1;
	} else {
		cg_start=sblock.fs_ncg;
		cg_stop=sblock.fs_ncg;
	}

	if (cfg_lv & 0x004) {
		fscs = (struct csum *)calloc((size_t)1,
		    (size_t)sblock.fs_cssize);
		if(fscs == NULL) {
			errx(1, "calloc failed");
		}

		/*
		 * Get the cylinder summary into the memory ...
		 */
		for (i = 0; i < sblock.fs_cssize; i += sblock.fs_bsize) {
			if (bread(&disk,
				fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_csaddr + numfrags(&sblock, i)),
				(void *)(((char *)fscs)+i),
				(size_t)(sblock.fs_cssize-i < sblock.fs_bsize
					? sblock.fs_cssize - i
					: sblock.fs_bsize)) == -1) {
				err(1, "bread: %s", disk.d_error);
			}
		}

		dbg_csp=fscs;
		/*
		 * ... and dump it.
		 */
		for(dbg_csc=0; dbg_csc<sblock.fs_ncg; dbg_csc++) {
			snprintf(dbg_line, sizeof(dbg_line),
			    "%d. csum in fscs", dbg_csc);
			DBG_DUMP_CSUM(&sblock,
			    dbg_line,
			    dbg_csp++);
		}
	}

	/*
	 * For each requested cylinder group ...
	 */
	for(cylno=cg_start; cylno<cg_stop; cylno++) {
		snprintf(dbg_line, sizeof(dbg_line), "cgr %d", cylno);
		if(cfg_lv & 0x002) {
			/*
			 * ... dump the superblock copies ...
			 */
			if (bread(&disk, fsbtodb(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, cylno)),
				(void *)&osblock, SBLOCKSIZE) == -1) {
				err(1, "bread: %s", disk.d_error);
			}
			DBG_DUMP_FS(&osblock,
			    dbg_line);
		}
		/*
		 * ... read the cylinder group and dump whatever was requested.
		 */
		if (bread(&disk, fsbtodb(&sblock, cgtod(&sblock, cylno)),
			(void *)&acg, (size_t)sblock.fs_cgsize) == -1) {
			err(1, "bread: %s", disk.d_error);
		}
		if(cfg_lv & 0x008) {
			DBG_DUMP_CG(&sblock,
			    dbg_line,
			    &acg);
		}
		if(cfg_lv & 0x010) {
			DBG_DUMP_INMAP(&sblock,
			    dbg_line,
			    &acg);
		}
		if(cfg_lv & 0x020) {
			DBG_DUMP_FRMAP(&sblock,
			    dbg_line,
			    &acg);
		}
		if(cfg_lv & 0x040) {
			DBG_DUMP_CLMAP(&sblock,
			    dbg_line,
			    &acg);
			DBG_DUMP_CLSUM(&sblock,
			    dbg_line,
			    &acg);
		}
#ifdef NOT_CURRENTLY
		/*
		 * See the comment in sbin/growfs/debug.c for why this
		 * is currently disabled, and what needs to be done to
		 * re-enable it.
		 */
		if(disk.d_ufs == 1 && cfg_lv & 0x080) {
			DBG_DUMP_SPTBL(&sblock,
			    dbg_line,
			    &acg);
		}
#endif
	}
	/*
	 * Dump the requested inode(s).
	 */
	if(cfg_in != -2) {
		DUMP_WHOLE_INODE((ino_t)cfg_in, cfg_lv);
	} else {
		for(in=cg_start*sblock.fs_ipg; in<(ino_t)cg_stop*sblock.fs_ipg;
		    in++) {
			DUMP_WHOLE_INODE(in, cfg_lv);
		}
	}

	DBG_CLOSE;

	DBG_LEAVE;
	return 0;
}

/* ********************************************** dump_whole_ufs1_inode ***** */
/*
 * Here we dump a list of all blocks allocated by this inode. We follow
 * all indirect blocks.
 */
void
dump_whole_ufs1_inode(ino_t inode, int level)
{
	DBG_FUNC("dump_whole_ufs1_inode")
	struct ufs1_dinode	*ino;
	int	rb, mode;
	unsigned int	ind2ctr, ind3ctr;
	ufs1_daddr_t	*ind2ptr, *ind3ptr;
	char	comment[80];

	DBG_ENTER;

	/*
	 * Read the inode from disk/cache.
	 */
	if (getino(&disk, (void **)&ino, inode, &mode) == -1)
		err(1, "getino: %s", disk.d_error);

	if(ino->di_nlink==0) {
		DBG_LEAVE;
		return;	/* inode not in use */
	}

	/*
	 * Dump the main inode structure.
	 */
	snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment), "Inode 0x%08x", inode);
	if (level & 0x100) {
		DBG_DUMP_INO(&sblock,
		    comment,
		    ino);
	}

	if (!(level & 0x200)) {
		DBG_LEAVE;
		return;
	}

	/*
	 * Ok, now prepare for dumping all direct and indirect pointers.
	 */
	rb=howmany(ino->di_size, sblock.fs_bsize)-NDADDR;
	if(rb>0) {
		/*
		 * Dump single indirect block.
		 */
		if (bread(&disk, fsbtodb(&sblock, ino->di_ib[0]), (void *)&i1blk,
			(size_t)sblock.fs_bsize) == -1) {
			err(1, "bread: %s", disk.d_error);
		}
		snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment), "Inode 0x%08x: indirect 0",
		    inode);
		DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock,
		    comment,
		    i1blk,
		    (size_t)rb);
		rb-=howmany(sblock.fs_bsize, sizeof(ufs1_daddr_t));
	}
	if(rb>0) {
		/*
		 * Dump double indirect blocks.
		 */
		if (bread(&disk, fsbtodb(&sblock, ino->di_ib[1]), (void *)&i2blk,
			(size_t)sblock.fs_bsize) == -1) {
			err(1, "bread: %s", disk.d_error);
		}
		snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment), "Inode 0x%08x: indirect 1",
		    inode);
		DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock,
		    comment,
		    i2blk,
		    howmany(rb, howmany(sblock.fs_bsize, sizeof(ufs1_daddr_t))));
		for(ind2ctr=0; ((ind2ctr < howmany(sblock.fs_bsize,
			sizeof(ufs1_daddr_t))) && (rb>0)); ind2ctr++) {
			ind2ptr=&((ufs1_daddr_t *)(void *)&i2blk)[ind2ctr];

			if (bread(&disk, fsbtodb(&sblock, *ind2ptr), (void *)&i1blk,
				(size_t)sblock.fs_bsize) == -1) {
				err(1, "bread: %s", disk.d_error);
			}
			snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment),
			    "Inode 0x%08x: indirect 1->%d", inode, ind2ctr);
			DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock,
			    comment,
			    i1blk,
			    (size_t)rb);
			rb-=howmany(sblock.fs_bsize, sizeof(ufs1_daddr_t));
		}
	}
	if(rb>0) {
		/*
		 * Dump triple indirect blocks.
		 */
		if (bread(&disk, fsbtodb(&sblock, ino->di_ib[2]), (void *)&i3blk,
			(size_t)sblock.fs_bsize) == -1) {
			err(1, "bread: %s", disk.d_error);
		}
		snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment), "Inode 0x%08x: indirect 2",
		    inode);
#define SQUARE(a) ((a)*(a))
		DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock,
		    comment,
		    i3blk,
		    howmany(rb,
		      SQUARE(howmany(sblock.fs_bsize, sizeof(ufs1_daddr_t)))));
#undef SQUARE
		for(ind3ctr=0; ((ind3ctr<howmany(sblock.fs_bsize,
			sizeof(ufs1_daddr_t)))&&(rb>0)); ind3ctr++) {
			ind3ptr=&((ufs1_daddr_t *)(void *)&i3blk)[ind3ctr];

			if (bread(&disk, fsbtodb(&sblock, *ind3ptr), (void *)&i2blk,
				(size_t)sblock.fs_bsize) == -1) {
				err(1, "bread: %s", disk.d_error);
			}
			snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment),
			    "Inode 0x%08x: indirect 2->%d", inode, ind3ctr);
			DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock,
			    comment,
			    i2blk,
			    howmany(rb,
			      howmany(sblock.fs_bsize, sizeof(ufs1_daddr_t))));
			for(ind2ctr=0; ((ind2ctr < howmany(sblock.fs_bsize,
			    sizeof(ufs1_daddr_t)))&&(rb>0)); ind2ctr++) {
				ind2ptr=&((ufs1_daddr_t *)(void *)&i2blk)
				    [ind2ctr];
				if (bread(&disk, fsbtodb(&sblock, *ind2ptr),
				    (void *)&i1blk, (size_t)sblock.fs_bsize)
				    == -1) {
					err(1, "bread: %s", disk.d_error);
				}
				snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment),
				    "Inode 0x%08x: indirect 2->%d->%d", inode,
				    ind3ctr, ind3ctr);
				DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock,
				    comment,
				    i1blk,
				    (size_t)rb);
				rb-=howmany(sblock.fs_bsize,
				    sizeof(ufs1_daddr_t));
			}
		}
	}

	DBG_LEAVE;
	return;
}

/* ********************************************** dump_whole_ufs2_inode ***** */
/*
 * Here we dump a list of all blocks allocated by this inode. We follow
 * all indirect blocks.
 */
void
dump_whole_ufs2_inode(ino_t inode, int level)
{
	DBG_FUNC("dump_whole_ufs2_inode")
	struct ufs2_dinode	*ino;
	int	rb, mode;
	unsigned int	ind2ctr, ind3ctr;
	ufs2_daddr_t	*ind2ptr, *ind3ptr;
	char	comment[80];

	DBG_ENTER;

	/*
	 * Read the inode from disk/cache.
	 */
	if (getino(&disk, (void **)&ino, inode, &mode) == -1)
		err(1, "getino: %s", disk.d_error);

	if (ino->di_nlink == 0) {
		DBG_LEAVE;
		return;	/* inode not in use */
	}

	/*
	 * Dump the main inode structure.
	 */
	snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment), "Inode 0x%08x", inode);
	if (level & 0x100) {
		DBG_DUMP_INO(&sblock, comment, ino);
	}

	if (!(level & 0x200)) {
		DBG_LEAVE;
		return;
	}

	/*
	 * Ok, now prepare for dumping all direct and indirect pointers.
	 */
	rb = howmany(ino->di_size, sblock.fs_bsize) - NDADDR;
	if (rb > 0) {
		/*
		 * Dump single indirect block.
		 */
		if (bread(&disk, fsbtodb(&sblock, ino->di_ib[0]), (void *)&i1blk,
			(size_t)sblock.fs_bsize) == -1) {
			err(1, "bread: %s", disk.d_error);
		}
		snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment), "Inode 0x%08x: indirect 0", inode);
		DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock, comment, i1blk, (size_t)rb);
		rb -= howmany(sblock.fs_bsize, sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t));
	}
	if (rb > 0) {
		/*
		 * Dump double indirect blocks.
		 */
		if (bread(&disk, fsbtodb(&sblock, ino->di_ib[1]), (void *)&i2blk,
			(size_t)sblock.fs_bsize) == -1) {
			err(1, "bread: %s", disk.d_error);
		}
		snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment), "Inode 0x%08x: indirect 1", inode);
		DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock,
			comment,
			i2blk,
			howmany(rb, howmany(sblock.fs_bsize, sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t))));
		for (ind2ctr = 0; ((ind2ctr < howmany(sblock.fs_bsize,
			sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t))) && (rb>0)); ind2ctr++) {
			ind2ptr = &((ufs2_daddr_t *)(void *)&i2blk)[ind2ctr];

			if (bread(&disk, fsbtodb(&sblock, *ind2ptr), (void *)&i1blk,
				(size_t)sblock.fs_bsize) == -1) {
				err(1, "bread: %s", disk.d_error);
			}
			snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment),
				"Inode 0x%08x: indirect 1->%d", inode, ind2ctr);
			DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock, comment, i1blk, (size_t)rb);
			rb -= howmany(sblock.fs_bsize, sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t));
		}
	}
	if (rb > 0) {
		/*
		 * Dump triple indirect blocks.
		 */
		if (bread(&disk, fsbtodb(&sblock, ino->di_ib[2]), (void *)&i3blk,
			(size_t)sblock.fs_bsize) == -1) {
			err(1, "bread: %s", disk.d_error);
		}
		snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment), "Inode 0x%08x: indirect 2", inode);
#define SQUARE(a) ((a)*(a))
		DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock,
			comment,
			i3blk,
			howmany(rb,
				SQUARE(howmany(sblock.fs_bsize, sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t)))));
#undef SQUARE
		for (ind3ctr = 0; ((ind3ctr < howmany(sblock.fs_bsize,
			sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t))) && (rb > 0)); ind3ctr++) {
			ind3ptr = &((ufs2_daddr_t *)(void *)&i3blk)[ind3ctr];

			if (bread(&disk, fsbtodb(&sblock, *ind3ptr), (void *)&i2blk,
				(size_t)sblock.fs_bsize) == -1) {
				err(1, "bread: %s", disk.d_error);
			}
			snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment),
				"Inode 0x%08x: indirect 2->%d", inode, ind3ctr);
			DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock,
				comment,
				i2blk,
				howmany(rb,
					howmany(sblock.fs_bsize, sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t))));
			for (ind2ctr = 0; ((ind2ctr < howmany(sblock.fs_bsize,
				sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t))) && (rb > 0)); ind2ctr++) {
				ind2ptr = &((ufs2_daddr_t *)(void *)&i2blk) [ind2ctr];
				if (bread(&disk, fsbtodb(&sblock, *ind2ptr), (void *)&i1blk,
					(size_t)sblock.fs_bsize) == -1) {
					err(1, "bread: %s", disk.d_error);
				}
				snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment),
					"Inode 0x%08x: indirect 2->%d->%d", inode,
					ind3ctr, ind3ctr);
				DBG_DUMP_IBLK(&sblock, comment, i1blk, (size_t)rb);
				rb -= howmany(sblock.fs_bsize, sizeof(ufs2_daddr_t));
			}
		}
	}

	DBG_LEAVE;
	return;
}

/* ************************************************************* usage ***** */
/*
 * Dump a line of usage.
 */
void
usage(void)
{
	DBG_FUNC("usage")

	DBG_ENTER;

	fprintf(stderr,
	    "usage: ffsinfo [-g cylinder_group] [-i inode] [-l level] "
	    "[-o outfile]\n"
	    "               special | file\n");

	DBG_LEAVE;
	exit(1);
}