xref: /freebsd/sbin/fdisk/fdisk.c (revision 7660b554bc59a07be0431c17e0e33815818baa69)
1 /*
2  * Mach Operating System
3  * Copyright (c) 1992 Carnegie Mellon University
4  * All Rights Reserved.
5  *
6  * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
7  * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
8  * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
9  * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
10  * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
11  *
12  * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
13  * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
14  * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
15  *
16  * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
17  *
18  *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
19  *  School of Computer Science
20  *  Carnegie Mellon University
21  *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
22  *
23  * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
24  * the rights to redistribute these changes.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
29 
30 #include <sys/disk.h>
31 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
32 #include <sys/diskmbr.h>
33 #include <sys/endian.h>
34 #include <sys/param.h>
35 #include <sys/stat.h>
36 #include <sys/mount.h>
37 #include <ctype.h>
38 #include <fcntl.h>
39 #include <err.h>
40 #include <errno.h>
41 #include <paths.h>
42 #include <regex.h>
43 #include <stdint.h>
44 #include <stdio.h>
45 #include <stdlib.h>
46 #include <string.h>
47 #include <unistd.h>
48 
49 int iotest;
50 
51 #define LBUF 100
52 static char lbuf[LBUF];
53 
54 #define MBRSIGOFF	510
55 
56 /*
57  *
58  * Ported to 386bsd by Julian Elischer  Thu Oct 15 20:26:46 PDT 1992
59  *
60  * 14-Dec-89  Robert Baron (rvb) at Carnegie-Mellon University
61  *	Copyright (c) 1989	Robert. V. Baron
62  *	Created.
63  */
64 
65 #define Decimal(str, ans, tmp) if (decimal(str, &tmp, ans)) ans = tmp
66 
67 #define RoundCyl(x) ((((x) + cylsecs - 1) / cylsecs) * cylsecs)
68 
69 #define MAX_SEC_SIZE 2048	/* maximum section size that is supported */
70 #define MIN_SEC_SIZE 512	/* the sector size to start sensing at */
71 static int secsize = 0;		/* the sensed sector size */
72 
73 static char *disk;
74 
75 static int cyls, sectors, heads, cylsecs, disksecs;
76 
77 struct mboot {
78 	unsigned char padding[2]; /* force the longs to be long aligned */
79   	unsigned char *bootinst;  /* boot code */
80   	off_t bootinst_size;
81 	struct	dos_partition parts[NDOSPART];
82 };
83 
84 static struct mboot mboot;
85 static int fd, fdw;
86 
87 
88 #define ACTIVE 0x80
89 
90 static uint dos_cyls;
91 static uint dos_heads;
92 static uint dos_sectors;
93 static uint dos_cylsecs;
94 
95 #define DOSSECT(s,c) ((s & 0x3f) | ((c >> 2) & 0xc0))
96 #define DOSCYL(c)	(c & 0xff)
97 
98 #define MAX_ARGS	10
99 
100 static int	current_line_number;
101 
102 static int	geom_processed = 0;
103 static int	part_processed = 0;
104 static int	active_processed = 0;
105 
106 typedef struct cmd {
107     char		cmd;
108     int			n_args;
109     struct arg {
110 	char	argtype;
111 	int	arg_val;
112     }			args[MAX_ARGS];
113 } CMD;
114 
115 static int B_flag  = 0;		/* replace boot code */
116 static int I_flag  = 0;		/* use entire disk for FreeBSD */
117 static int a_flag  = 0;		/* set active partition */
118 static char *b_flag = NULL;	/* path to boot code */
119 static int i_flag  = 0;		/* replace partition data */
120 static int u_flag  = 0;		/* update partition data */
121 static int s_flag  = 0;		/* Print a summary and exit */
122 static int t_flag  = 0;		/* test only */
123 static char *f_flag = NULL;	/* Read config info from file */
124 static int v_flag  = 0;		/* Be verbose */
125 
126 static struct part_type
127 {
128  unsigned char type;
129 	const char *name;
130 } part_types[] = {
131 	 {0x00, "unused"}
132 	,{0x01, "Primary DOS with 12 bit FAT"}
133 	,{0x02, "XENIX / file system"}
134 	,{0x03, "XENIX /usr file system"}
135 	,{0x04, "Primary DOS with 16 bit FAT (< 32MB)"}
136 	,{0x05, "Extended DOS"}
137 	,{0x06, "Primary 'big' DOS (>= 32MB)"}
138 	,{0x07, "OS/2 HPFS, NTFS, QNX-2 (16 bit) or Advanced UNIX"}
139 	,{0x08, "AIX file system or SplitDrive"}
140 	,{0x09, "AIX boot partition or Coherent"}
141 	,{0x0A, "OS/2 Boot Manager, OPUS or Coherent swap"}
142 	,{0x0B, "DOS or Windows 95 with 32 bit FAT"}
143 	,{0x0C, "DOS or Windows 95 with 32 bit FAT (LBA)"}
144 	,{0x0E, "Primary 'big' DOS (>= 32MB, LBA)"}
145 	,{0x0F, "Extended DOS (LBA)"}
146 	,{0x10, "OPUS"}
147 	,{0x11, "OS/2 BM: hidden DOS with 12-bit FAT"}
148 	,{0x12, "Compaq diagnostics"}
149 	,{0x14, "OS/2 BM: hidden DOS with 16-bit FAT (< 32MB)"}
150 	,{0x16, "OS/2 BM: hidden DOS with 16-bit FAT (>= 32MB)"}
151 	,{0x17, "OS/2 BM: hidden IFS (e.g. HPFS)"}
152 	,{0x18, "AST Windows swapfile"}
153 	,{0x24, "NEC DOS"}
154 	,{0x3C, "PartitionMagic recovery"}
155 	,{0x39, "plan9"}
156 	,{0x40, "VENIX 286"}
157 	,{0x41, "Linux/MINIX (sharing disk with DRDOS)"}
158 	,{0x42, "SFS or Linux swap (sharing disk with DRDOS)"}
159 	,{0x43, "Linux native (sharing disk with DRDOS)"}
160 	,{0x4D, "QNX 4.2 Primary"}
161 	,{0x4E, "QNX 4.2 Secondary"}
162 	,{0x4F, "QNX 4.2 Tertiary"}
163 	,{0x50, "DM (disk manager)"}
164 	,{0x51, "DM6 Aux1 (or Novell)"}
165 	,{0x52, "CP/M or Microport SysV/AT"}
166 	,{0x53, "DM6 Aux3"}
167 	,{0x54, "DM6"}
168 	,{0x55, "EZ-Drive (disk manager)"}
169 	,{0x56, "Golden Bow (disk manager)"}
170 	,{0x5c, "Priam Edisk (disk manager)"} /* according to S. Widlake */
171 	,{0x61, "SpeedStor"}
172 	,{0x63, "System V/386 (such as ISC UNIX), GNU HURD or Mach"}
173 	,{0x64, "Novell Netware/286 2.xx"}
174 	,{0x65, "Novell Netware/386 3.xx"}
175 	,{0x70, "DiskSecure Multi-Boot"}
176 	,{0x75, "PCIX"}
177 	,{0x77, "QNX4.x"}
178 	,{0x78, "QNX4.x 2nd part"}
179 	,{0x79, "QNX4.x 3rd part"}
180 	,{0x80, "Minix until 1.4a"}
181 	,{0x81, "Minix since 1.4b, early Linux partition or Mitac disk manager"}
182 	,{0x82, "Linux swap or Solaris x86"}
183 	,{0x83, "Linux native"}
184 	,{0x84, "OS/2 hidden C: drive"}
185 	,{0x85, "Linux extended"}
186 	,{0x86, "NTFS volume set??"}
187 	,{0x87, "NTFS volume set??"}
188 	,{0x93, "Amoeba file system"}
189 	,{0x94, "Amoeba bad block table"}
190 	,{0x9F, "BSD/OS"}
191 	,{0xA0, "Suspend to Disk"}
192 	,{0xA5, "FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD"}
193 	,{0xA6, "OpenBSD"}
194 	,{0xA7, "NeXTSTEP"}
195 	,{0xA9, "NetBSD"}
196 	,{0xAC, "IBM JFS"}
197 	,{0xB7, "BSDI BSD/386 file system"}
198 	,{0xB8, "BSDI BSD/386 swap"}
199 	,{0xC1, "DRDOS/sec with 12-bit FAT"}
200 	,{0xC4, "DRDOS/sec with 16-bit FAT (< 32MB)"}
201 	,{0xC6, "DRDOS/sec with 16-bit FAT (>= 32MB)"}
202 	,{0xC7, "Syrinx"}
203 	,{0xDB, "CP/M, Concurrent CP/M, Concurrent DOS or CTOS"}
204 	,{0xE1, "DOS access or SpeedStor with 12-bit FAT extended partition"}
205 	,{0xE3, "DOS R/O or SpeedStor"}
206 	,{0xE4, "SpeedStor with 16-bit FAT extended partition < 1024 cyl."}
207 	,{0xEB, "BeOS file system"}
208 	,{0xEE, "EFI GPT"}
209 	,{0xEF, "EFI System Partition"}
210 	,{0xF1, "SpeedStor"}
211 	,{0xF2, "DOS 3.3+ Secondary"}
212 	,{0xF4, "SpeedStor large partition"}
213 	,{0xFE, "SpeedStor >1024 cyl. or LANstep"}
214 	,{0xFF, "Xenix bad blocks table"}
215 };
216 
217 static void print_s0(int which);
218 static void print_part(int i);
219 static void init_sector0(unsigned long start);
220 static void init_boot(void);
221 static void change_part(int i);
222 static void print_params(void);
223 static void change_active(int which);
224 static void change_code(void);
225 static void get_params_to_use(void);
226 static char *get_rootdisk(void);
227 static void dos(struct dos_partition *partp);
228 static int open_disk(int flag);
229 static ssize_t read_disk(off_t sector, void *buf);
230 static ssize_t write_disk(off_t sector, void *buf);
231 static int get_params(void);
232 static int read_s0(void);
233 static int write_s0(void);
234 static int ok(const char *str);
235 static int decimal(const char *str, int *num, int deflt);
236 static const char *get_type(int type);
237 static int read_config(char *config_file);
238 static void reset_boot(void);
239 static int sanitize_partition(struct dos_partition *);
240 static void usage(void);
241 
242 int
243 main(int argc, char *argv[])
244 {
245 	struct	stat sb;
246 	int	c, i;
247 	int	partition = -1;
248 	struct	dos_partition *partp;
249 
250 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "BIab:f:istuv1234")) != -1)
251 		switch (c) {
252 		case 'B':
253 			B_flag = 1;
254 			break;
255 		case 'I':
256 			I_flag = 1;
257 			break;
258 		case 'a':
259 			a_flag = 1;
260 			break;
261 		case 'b':
262 			b_flag = optarg;
263 			break;
264 		case 'f':
265 			f_flag = optarg;
266 			break;
267 		case 'i':
268 			i_flag = 1;
269 			break;
270 		case 's':
271 			s_flag = 1;
272 			break;
273 		case 't':
274 			t_flag = 1;
275 			break;
276 		case 'u':
277 			u_flag = 1;
278 			break;
279 		case 'v':
280 			v_flag = 1;
281 			break;
282 		case '1':
283 		case '2':
284 		case '3':
285 		case '4':
286 			partition = c - '0';
287 			break;
288 		default:
289 			usage();
290 		}
291 	if (f_flag || i_flag)
292 		u_flag = 1;
293 	if (t_flag)
294 		v_flag = 1;
295 	argc -= optind;
296 	argv += optind;
297 
298 	if (argc == 0) {
299 		disk = get_rootdisk();
300 	} else {
301 		if (stat(argv[0], &sb) == 0) {
302 			/* OK, full pathname given */
303 			disk = argv[0];
304 		} else if (errno == ENOENT) {
305 			/* Try prepending "/dev" */
306 			asprintf(&disk, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[0]);
307 			if (disk == NULL)
308 				errx(1, "out of memory");
309 		} else {
310 			/* other stat error, let it fail below */
311 			disk = argv[0];
312 		}
313 	}
314 	if (open_disk(u_flag) < 0)
315 		err(1, "cannot open disk %s", disk);
316 
317 	/* (abu)use mboot.bootinst to probe for the sector size */
318 	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(MAX_SEC_SIZE)) == NULL)
319 		err(1, "cannot allocate buffer to determine disk sector size");
320 	read_disk(0, mboot.bootinst);
321 	free(mboot.bootinst);
322 	mboot.bootinst = NULL;
323 
324 	if (s_flag) {
325 		if (read_s0())
326 			err(1, "read_s0");
327 		printf("%s: %d cyl %d hd %d sec\n", disk, dos_cyls, dos_heads,
328 		    dos_sectors);
329 		printf("Part  %11s %11s Type Flags\n", "Start", "Size");
330 		for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++) {
331 			partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i;
332 			if (partp->dp_start == 0 && partp->dp_size == 0)
333 				continue;
334 			printf("%4d: %11lu %11lu 0x%02x 0x%02x\n", i + 1,
335 			    (u_long) partp->dp_start,
336 			    (u_long) partp->dp_size, partp->dp_typ,
337 			    partp->dp_flag);
338 		}
339 		exit(0);
340 	}
341 
342 	printf("******* Working on device %s *******\n",disk);
343 
344 	if (I_flag) {
345 		read_s0();
346 		reset_boot();
347 		partp = (struct dos_partition *) (&mboot.parts[0]);
348 		partp->dp_typ = DOSPTYP_386BSD;
349 		partp->dp_flag = ACTIVE;
350 		partp->dp_start = dos_sectors;
351 		partp->dp_size = (disksecs / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs -
352 		    dos_sectors;
353 		dos(partp);
354 		if (v_flag)
355 			print_s0(-1);
356 		if (!t_flag)
357 			write_s0();
358 		exit(0);
359 	}
360 	if (f_flag) {
361 	    if (read_s0() || i_flag)
362 		reset_boot();
363 	    if (!read_config(f_flag))
364 		exit(1);
365 	    if (v_flag)
366 		print_s0(-1);
367 	    if (!t_flag)
368 		write_s0();
369 	} else {
370 	    if(u_flag)
371 		get_params_to_use();
372 	    else
373 		print_params();
374 
375 	    if (read_s0())
376 		init_sector0(dos_sectors);
377 
378 	    printf("Media sector size is %d\n", secsize);
379 	    printf("Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1\n");
380 	    printf("Information from DOS bootblock is:\n");
381 	    if (partition == -1)
382 		for (i = 1; i <= NDOSPART; i++)
383 		    change_part(i);
384 	    else
385 		change_part(partition);
386 
387 	    if (u_flag || a_flag)
388 		change_active(partition);
389 
390 	    if (B_flag)
391 		change_code();
392 
393 	    if (u_flag || a_flag || B_flag) {
394 		if (!t_flag) {
395 		    printf("\nWe haven't changed the partition table yet.  ");
396 		    printf("This is your last chance.\n");
397 		}
398 		print_s0(-1);
399 		if (!t_flag) {
400 		    if (ok("Should we write new partition table?"))
401 			write_s0();
402 			} else {
403 		    printf("\n-t flag specified -- partition table not written.\n");
404 		}
405 	    }
406 	}
407 
408 	exit(0);
409 }
410 
411 static void
412 usage()
413 {
414 	fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
415 		"usage: fdisk [-BIaistu] [-b bootcode] [-1234] [disk]\n",
416  		"       fdisk -f configfile [-itv] [disk]\n");
417         exit(1);
418 }
419 
420 static void
421 print_s0(int which)
422 {
423 	int	i;
424 
425 	print_params();
426 	printf("Information from DOS bootblock is:\n");
427 	if (which == -1)
428 		for (i = 1; i <= NDOSPART; i++)
429 			printf("%d: ", i), print_part(i);
430 	else
431 		print_part(which);
432 }
433 
434 static struct dos_partition mtpart;
435 
436 static void
437 print_part(int i)
438 {
439 	struct	  dos_partition *partp;
440 	u_int64_t part_mb;
441 
442 	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i - 1;
443 
444 	if (!bcmp(partp, &mtpart, sizeof (struct dos_partition))) {
445 		printf("<UNUSED>\n");
446 		return;
447 	}
448 	/*
449 	 * Be careful not to overflow.
450 	 */
451 	part_mb = partp->dp_size;
452 	part_mb *= secsize;
453 	part_mb /= (1024 * 1024);
454 	printf("sysid %d (%#04x),(%s)\n", partp->dp_typ, partp->dp_typ,
455 	    get_type(partp->dp_typ));
456 	printf("    start %lu, size %lu (%ju Meg), flag %x%s\n",
457 		(u_long)partp->dp_start,
458 		(u_long)partp->dp_size,
459 		(uintmax_t)part_mb,
460 		partp->dp_flag,
461 		partp->dp_flag == ACTIVE ? " (active)" : "");
462 	printf("\tbeg: cyl %d/ head %d/ sector %d;\n\tend: cyl %d/ head %d/ sector %d\n"
463 		,DPCYL(partp->dp_scyl, partp->dp_ssect)
464 		,partp->dp_shd
465 		,DPSECT(partp->dp_ssect)
466 		,DPCYL(partp->dp_ecyl, partp->dp_esect)
467 		,partp->dp_ehd
468 		,DPSECT(partp->dp_esect));
469 }
470 
471 
472 static void
473 init_boot(void)
474 {
475 #ifndef __ia64__
476 	const char *fname;
477 	int fdesc, n;
478 	struct stat sb;
479 
480 	fname = b_flag ? b_flag : "/boot/mbr";
481 	if ((fdesc = open(fname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 ||
482 	    fstat(fdesc, &sb) == -1)
483 		err(1, "%s", fname);
484 	if ((mboot.bootinst_size = sb.st_size) % secsize != 0)
485 		errx(1, "%s: length must be a multiple of sector size", fname);
486 	if (mboot.bootinst != NULL)
487 		free(mboot.bootinst);
488 	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(mboot.bootinst_size = sb.st_size)) == NULL)
489 		errx(1, "%s: unable to allocate read buffer", fname);
490 	if ((n = read(fdesc, mboot.bootinst, mboot.bootinst_size)) == -1 ||
491 	    close(fdesc))
492 		err(1, "%s", fname);
493 	if (n != mboot.bootinst_size)
494 		errx(1, "%s: short read", fname);
495 #else
496 	if (mboot.bootinst != NULL)
497 		free(mboot.bootinst);
498 	mboot.bootinst_size = secsize;
499 	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(mboot.bootinst_size)) == NULL)
500 		errx(1, "unable to allocate boot block buffer");
501 	memset(mboot.bootinst, 0, mboot.bootinst_size);
502 	le16enc(&mboot.bootinst[DOSMAGICOFFSET], DOSMAGIC);
503 #endif
504 }
505 
506 
507 static void
508 init_sector0(unsigned long start)
509 {
510 	struct dos_partition *partp = (struct dos_partition *) (&mboot.parts[3]);
511 
512 	init_boot();
513 
514 	partp->dp_typ = DOSPTYP_386BSD;
515 	partp->dp_flag = ACTIVE;
516 	start = ((start + dos_sectors - 1) / dos_sectors) * dos_sectors;
517 	if(start == 0)
518 		start = dos_sectors;
519 	partp->dp_start = start;
520 	partp->dp_size = (disksecs / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs - start;
521 
522 	dos(partp);
523 }
524 
525 static void
526 change_part(int i)
527 {
528 	struct dos_partition *partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i - 1;
529 
530     printf("The data for partition %d is:\n", i);
531     print_part(i);
532 
533     if (u_flag && ok("Do you want to change it?")) {
534 	int tmp;
535 
536 	if (i_flag) {
537 		bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
538 		if (i == 4) {
539 			init_sector0(1);
540 			printf("\nThe static data for the DOS partition 4 has been reinitialized to:\n");
541 			print_part(i);
542 		}
543 	}
544 
545 	do {
546 		Decimal("sysid (165=FreeBSD)", partp->dp_typ, tmp);
547 		Decimal("start", partp->dp_start, tmp);
548 		Decimal("size", partp->dp_size, tmp);
549 		if (!sanitize_partition(partp)) {
550 			warnx("ERROR: failed to adjust; setting sysid to 0");
551 			partp->dp_typ = 0;
552 		}
553 
554 		if (ok("Explicitly specify beg/end address ?"))
555 		{
556 			int	tsec,tcyl,thd;
557 			tcyl = DPCYL(partp->dp_scyl,partp->dp_ssect);
558 			thd = partp->dp_shd;
559 			tsec = DPSECT(partp->dp_ssect);
560 			Decimal("beginning cylinder", tcyl, tmp);
561 			Decimal("beginning head", thd, tmp);
562 			Decimal("beginning sector", tsec, tmp);
563 			partp->dp_scyl = DOSCYL(tcyl);
564 			partp->dp_ssect = DOSSECT(tsec,tcyl);
565 			partp->dp_shd = thd;
566 
567 			tcyl = DPCYL(partp->dp_ecyl,partp->dp_esect);
568 			thd = partp->dp_ehd;
569 			tsec = DPSECT(partp->dp_esect);
570 			Decimal("ending cylinder", tcyl, tmp);
571 			Decimal("ending head", thd, tmp);
572 			Decimal("ending sector", tsec, tmp);
573 			partp->dp_ecyl = DOSCYL(tcyl);
574 			partp->dp_esect = DOSSECT(tsec,tcyl);
575 			partp->dp_ehd = thd;
576 		} else
577 			dos(partp);
578 
579 		print_part(i);
580 	} while (!ok("Are we happy with this entry?"));
581     }
582     }
583 
584 static void
585 print_params()
586 {
587 	printf("parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are:\n");
588 	printf("cylinders=%d heads=%d sectors/track=%d (%d blks/cyl)\n\n"
589 			,cyls,heads,sectors,cylsecs);
590 	if((dos_sectors > 63) || (dos_cyls > 1023) || (dos_heads > 255))
591 		printf("Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1\n");
592 	printf("parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are:\n");
593 	printf("cylinders=%d heads=%d sectors/track=%d (%d blks/cyl)\n\n"
594 		,dos_cyls,dos_heads,dos_sectors,dos_cylsecs);
595 }
596 
597 static void
598 change_active(int which)
599 {
600 	struct dos_partition *partp = &mboot.parts[0];
601 	int active, i, new, tmp;
602 
603 	active = -1;
604 	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++) {
605 		if ((partp[i].dp_flag & ACTIVE) == 0)
606 			continue;
607 		printf("Partition %d is marked active\n", i + 1);
608 		if (active == -1)
609 			active = i + 1;
610 	}
611 	if (a_flag && which != -1)
612 		active = which;
613 	else if (active == -1)
614 		active = 1;
615 
616 	if (!ok("Do you want to change the active partition?"))
617 		return;
618 setactive:
619 	do {
620 		new = active;
621 		Decimal("active partition", new, tmp);
622 		if (new < 1 || new > 4) {
623 			printf("Active partition number must be in range 1-4."
624 					"  Try again.\n");
625 			goto setactive;
626 		}
627 		active = new;
628 	} while (!ok("Are you happy with this choice"));
629 	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++)
630 		partp[i].dp_flag = 0;
631 	if (active > 0 && active <= NDOSPART)
632 		partp[active-1].dp_flag = ACTIVE;
633 }
634 
635 static void
636 change_code()
637 {
638 	if (ok("Do you want to change the boot code?"))
639 		init_boot();
640 }
641 
642 void
643 get_params_to_use()
644 {
645 	int	tmp;
646 	print_params();
647 	if (ok("Do you want to change our idea of what BIOS thinks ?"))
648 	{
649 		do
650 		{
651 			Decimal("BIOS's idea of #cylinders", dos_cyls, tmp);
652 			Decimal("BIOS's idea of #heads", dos_heads, tmp);
653 			Decimal("BIOS's idea of #sectors", dos_sectors, tmp);
654 			dos_cylsecs = dos_heads * dos_sectors;
655 			print_params();
656 		}
657 		while(!ok("Are you happy with this choice"));
658 	}
659 }
660 
661 
662 /***********************************************\
663 * Change real numbers into strange dos numbers	*
664 \***********************************************/
665 static void
666 dos(struct dos_partition *partp)
667 {
668 	int cy, sec;
669 	u_int32_t end;
670 
671 	if (partp->dp_typ == 0 && partp->dp_start == 0 && partp->dp_size == 0) {
672 		memcpy(partp, &mtpart, sizeof(*partp));
673 		return;
674 	}
675 
676 	/* Start c/h/s. */
677 	partp->dp_shd = partp->dp_start % dos_cylsecs / dos_sectors;
678 	cy = partp->dp_start / dos_cylsecs;
679 	sec = partp->dp_start % dos_sectors + 1;
680 	partp->dp_scyl = DOSCYL(cy);
681 	partp->dp_ssect = DOSSECT(sec, cy);
682 
683 	/* End c/h/s. */
684 	end = partp->dp_start + partp->dp_size - 1;
685 	partp->dp_ehd = end % dos_cylsecs / dos_sectors;
686 	cy = end / dos_cylsecs;
687 	sec = end % dos_sectors + 1;
688 	partp->dp_ecyl = DOSCYL(cy);
689 	partp->dp_esect = DOSSECT(sec, cy);
690 }
691 
692 static int
693 open_disk(int flag)
694 {
695 	struct stat 	st;
696 	int rwmode, p;
697 	char *s;
698 
699 	fdw = -1;
700 	if (stat(disk, &st) == -1) {
701 		if (errno == ENOENT)
702 			return -2;
703 		warnx("can't get file status of %s", disk);
704 		return -1;
705 	}
706 	if ( !(st.st_mode & S_IFCHR) )
707 		warnx("device %s is not character special", disk);
708 	rwmode = a_flag || I_flag || B_flag || flag ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY;
709 	fd = open(disk, rwmode);
710 	if (fd == -1 && errno == ENXIO)
711 		return -2;
712 	if (fd == -1 && errno == EPERM && rwmode == O_RDWR) {
713 		fd = open(disk, O_RDONLY);
714 		if (fd == -1)
715 			return -3;
716 		for (p = 1; p < 5; p++) {
717 			asprintf(&s, "%ss%d", disk, p);
718 			fdw = open(s, O_RDONLY);
719 			free(s);
720 			if (fdw == -1)
721 				continue;
722 			break;
723 		}
724 		if (fdw == -1)
725 			return -4;
726 	}
727 	if (fd == -1) {
728 		warnx("can't open device %s", disk);
729 		return -1;
730 	}
731 	if (get_params() == -1) {
732 		warnx("can't get disk parameters on %s", disk);
733 		return -1;
734 	}
735 	return fd;
736 }
737 
738 static ssize_t
739 read_disk(off_t sector, void *buf)
740 {
741 	lseek(fd,(sector * 512), 0);
742 	if( secsize == 0 )
743 		for( secsize = MIN_SEC_SIZE; secsize <= MAX_SEC_SIZE; secsize *= 2 )
744 			{
745 			/* try the read */
746 			int size = read(fd, buf, secsize);
747 			if( size == secsize )
748 				/* it worked so return */
749 				return secsize;
750 			}
751 	else
752 		return read( fd, buf, secsize );
753 
754 	/* we failed to read at any of the sizes */
755 	return -1;
756 }
757 
758 static ssize_t
759 write_disk(off_t sector, void *buf)
760 {
761 
762 	if (fdw != -1) {
763 		return ioctl(fdw, DIOCSMBR, buf);
764 	} else {
765 		lseek(fd,(sector * 512), 0);
766 		/* write out in the size that the read_disk found worked */
767 		return write(fd, buf, secsize);
768 	}
769 }
770 
771 static int
772 get_params()
773 {
774 	int error;
775 	u_int u;
776 	off_t o;
777 
778 	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &u);
779 	if (error == 0)
780 		sectors = dos_sectors = u;
781 	else
782 		sectors = dos_sectors = 63;
783 
784 	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &u);
785 	if (error == 0)
786 		heads = dos_heads = u;
787 	else
788 		heads = dos_heads = 255;
789 
790 	dos_cylsecs = cylsecs = heads * sectors;
791 	disksecs = cyls * heads * sectors;
792 
793 	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &u);
794 	if (error != 0 || u == 0)
795 		u = 512;
796 
797 	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &o);
798 	if (error == 0) {
799 		disksecs = o / u;
800 		cyls = dos_cyls = o / (u * dos_heads * dos_sectors);
801 	}
802 
803 	return (disksecs);
804 }
805 
806 
807 static int
808 read_s0()
809 {
810 	int i;
811 
812 	mboot.bootinst_size = secsize;
813 	if (mboot.bootinst != NULL)
814 		free(mboot.bootinst);
815 	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(mboot.bootinst_size)) == NULL) {
816 		warnx("unable to allocate buffer to read fdisk "
817 		      "partition table");
818 		return -1;
819 	}
820 	if (read_disk(0, mboot.bootinst) == -1) {
821 		warnx("can't read fdisk partition table");
822 		return -1;
823 	}
824 	if (le16dec(&mboot.bootinst[DOSMAGICOFFSET]) != DOSMAGIC) {
825 		warnx("invalid fdisk partition table found");
826 		/* So should we initialize things */
827 		return -1;
828 	}
829 	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++)
830 		dos_partition_dec(
831 		    &mboot.bootinst[DOSPARTOFF + i * DOSPARTSIZE],
832 		    &mboot.parts[i]);
833 	return 0;
834 }
835 
836 static int
837 write_s0()
838 {
839 	int	sector, i;
840 
841 	if (iotest) {
842 		print_s0(-1);
843 		return 0;
844 	}
845 	for(i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++)
846 		dos_partition_enc(&mboot.bootinst[DOSPARTOFF + i * DOSPARTSIZE],
847 		    &mboot.parts[i]);
848 	le16enc(&mboot.bootinst[DOSMAGICOFFSET], DOSMAGIC);
849 	for(sector = 0; sector < mboot.bootinst_size / secsize; sector++)
850 		if (write_disk(sector,
851 			       &mboot.bootinst[sector * secsize]) == -1) {
852 			warn("can't write fdisk partition table");
853 			return -1;
854 		}
855 	return(0);
856 }
857 
858 
859 static int
860 ok(const char *str)
861 {
862 	printf("%s [n] ", str);
863 	fflush(stdout);
864 	if (fgets(lbuf, LBUF, stdin) == NULL)
865 		exit(1);
866 	lbuf[strlen(lbuf)-1] = 0;
867 
868 	if (*lbuf &&
869 		(!strcmp(lbuf, "yes") || !strcmp(lbuf, "YES") ||
870 		 !strcmp(lbuf, "y") || !strcmp(lbuf, "Y")))
871 		return 1;
872 	else
873 		return 0;
874 }
875 
876 static int
877 decimal(const char *str, int *num, int deflt)
878 {
879 	int acc = 0, c;
880 	char *cp;
881 
882 	while (1) {
883 		printf("Supply a decimal value for \"%s\" [%d] ", str, deflt);
884 		fflush(stdout);
885 		if (fgets(lbuf, LBUF, stdin) == NULL)
886 			exit(1);
887 		lbuf[strlen(lbuf)-1] = 0;
888 
889 		if (!*lbuf)
890 			return 0;
891 
892 		cp = lbuf;
893 		while ((c = *cp) && (c == ' ' || c == '\t')) cp++;
894 		if (!c)
895 			return 0;
896 		while ((c = *cp++)) {
897 			if (c <= '9' && c >= '0')
898 				acc = acc * 10 + c - '0';
899 			else
900 				break;
901 		}
902 		if (c == ' ' || c == '\t')
903 			while ((c = *cp) && (c == ' ' || c == '\t')) cp++;
904 		if (!c) {
905 			*num = acc;
906 			return 1;
907 		} else
908 			printf("%s is an invalid decimal number.  Try again.\n",
909 				lbuf);
910 	}
911 
912 }
913 
914 static const char *
915 get_type(int type)
916 {
917 	int	numentries = (sizeof(part_types)/sizeof(struct part_type));
918 	int	counter = 0;
919 	struct	part_type *ptr = part_types;
920 
921 
922 	while(counter < numentries) {
923 		if(ptr->type == type)
924 			return(ptr->name);
925 		ptr++;
926 		counter++;
927 	}
928 	return("unknown");
929 }
930 
931 
932 static void
933 parse_config_line(char *line, CMD *command)
934 {
935     char	*cp, *end;
936 
937     cp = line;
938     while (1) {
939 	memset(command, 0, sizeof(*command));
940 
941 	while (isspace(*cp)) ++cp;
942 	if (*cp == '\0' || *cp == '#')
943 	    break;
944 	command->cmd = *cp++;
945 
946 	/*
947 	 * Parse args
948 	 */
949 	    while (1) {
950 	    while (isspace(*cp)) ++cp;
951 	    if (*cp == '#')
952 		break;		/* found comment */
953 	    if (isalpha(*cp))
954 		command->args[command->n_args].argtype = *cp++;
955 	    if (!isdigit(*cp))
956 		break;		/* assume end of line */
957 	    end = NULL;
958 	    command->args[command->n_args].arg_val = strtol(cp, &end, 0);
959 	    if (cp == end)
960 		break;		/* couldn't parse number */
961 	    cp = end;
962 	    command->n_args++;
963 	}
964 	break;
965     }
966 }
967 
968 
969 static int
970 process_geometry(CMD *command)
971 {
972     int		status = 1, i;
973 
974     while (1) {
975 	geom_processed = 1;
976 	    if (part_processed) {
977 	    warnx(
978 	"ERROR line %d: the geometry specification line must occur before\n\
979     all partition specifications",
980 		    current_line_number);
981 	    status = 0;
982 	    break;
983 	}
984 	    if (command->n_args != 3) {
985 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: incorrect number of geometry args",
986 		    current_line_number);
987 	    status = 0;
988 	    break;
989 	}
990 	    dos_cyls = 0;
991 	    dos_heads = 0;
992 	    dos_sectors = 0;
993 	    for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
994 		    switch (command->args[i].argtype) {
995 	    case 'c':
996 		dos_cyls = command->args[i].arg_val;
997 		break;
998 	    case 'h':
999 		dos_heads = command->args[i].arg_val;
1000 		break;
1001 	    case 's':
1002 		dos_sectors = command->args[i].arg_val;
1003 		break;
1004 	    default:
1005 		warnx(
1006 		"ERROR line %d: unknown geometry arg type: '%c' (0x%02x)",
1007 			current_line_number, command->args[i].argtype,
1008 			command->args[i].argtype);
1009 		status = 0;
1010 		break;
1011 	    }
1012 	}
1013 	if (status == 0)
1014 	    break;
1015 
1016 	dos_cylsecs = dos_heads * dos_sectors;
1017 
1018 	/*
1019 	 * Do sanity checks on parameter values
1020 	 */
1021 	    if (dos_cyls == 0) {
1022 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of cylinders not specified",
1023 		    current_line_number);
1024 	    status = 0;
1025 	}
1026 	    if (dos_cyls > 1024) {
1027 	    warnx(
1028 	"WARNING line %d: number of cylinders (%d) may be out-of-range\n\
1029     (must be within 1-1024 for normal BIOS operation, unless the entire disk\n\
1030     is dedicated to FreeBSD)",
1031 		    current_line_number, dos_cyls);
1032 	}
1033 
1034 	    if (dos_heads == 0) {
1035 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of heads not specified",
1036 		    current_line_number);
1037 	    status = 0;
1038 	    } else if (dos_heads > 256) {
1039 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of heads must be within (1-256)",
1040 		    current_line_number);
1041 	    status = 0;
1042 	}
1043 
1044 	    if (dos_sectors == 0) {
1045 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of sectors not specified",
1046 		    current_line_number);
1047 	    status = 0;
1048 	    } else if (dos_sectors > 63) {
1049 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of sectors must be within (1-63)",
1050 		    current_line_number);
1051 	    status = 0;
1052 	}
1053 
1054 	break;
1055     }
1056     return (status);
1057 }
1058 
1059 
1060 static int
1061 process_partition(CMD *command)
1062 {
1063     int				status = 0, partition;
1064     u_int32_t			prev_head_boundary, prev_cyl_boundary;
1065     u_int32_t			adj_size, max_end;
1066     struct dos_partition	*partp;
1067 
1068 	while (1) {
1069 	part_processed = 1;
1070 		if (command->n_args != 4) {
1071 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: incorrect number of partition args",
1072 		    current_line_number);
1073 	    break;
1074 	}
1075 	partition = command->args[0].arg_val;
1076 		if (partition < 1 || partition > 4) {
1077 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: invalid partition number %d",
1078 		    current_line_number, partition);
1079 	    break;
1080 	}
1081 	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + partition - 1;
1082 	bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
1083 	partp->dp_typ = command->args[1].arg_val;
1084 	partp->dp_start = command->args[2].arg_val;
1085 	partp->dp_size = command->args[3].arg_val;
1086 	max_end = partp->dp_start + partp->dp_size;
1087 
1088 		if (partp->dp_typ == 0) {
1089 	    /*
1090 	     * Get out, the partition is marked as unused.
1091 	     */
1092 	    /*
1093 	     * Insure that it's unused.
1094 	     */
1095 	    bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
1096 	    status = 1;
1097 	    break;
1098 	}
1099 
1100 	/*
1101 	 * Adjust start upwards, if necessary, to fall on a head boundary.
1102 	 */
1103 		if (partp->dp_start % dos_sectors != 0) {
1104 	    prev_head_boundary = partp->dp_start / dos_sectors * dos_sectors;
1105 	    if (max_end < dos_sectors ||
1106 			    prev_head_boundary > max_end - dos_sectors) {
1107 		/*
1108 		 * Can't go past end of partition
1109 		 */
1110 		warnx(
1111 	"ERROR line %d: unable to adjust start of partition %d to fall on\n\
1112     a head boundary",
1113 			current_line_number, partition);
1114 		break;
1115 	    }
1116 	    warnx(
1117 	"WARNING: adjusting start offset of partition %d\n\
1118     from %u to %u, to fall on a head boundary",
1119 		    partition, (u_int)partp->dp_start,
1120 		    (u_int)(prev_head_boundary + dos_sectors));
1121 	    partp->dp_start = prev_head_boundary + dos_sectors;
1122 	}
1123 
1124 	/*
1125 	 * Adjust size downwards, if necessary, to fall on a cylinder
1126 	 * boundary.
1127 	 */
1128 	prev_cyl_boundary =
1129 	    ((partp->dp_start + partp->dp_size) / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs;
1130 	if (prev_cyl_boundary > partp->dp_start)
1131 	    adj_size = prev_cyl_boundary - partp->dp_start;
1132 		else {
1133 	    warnx(
1134 	"ERROR: could not adjust partition to start on a head boundary\n\
1135     and end on a cylinder boundary.");
1136 	    return (0);
1137 	}
1138 		if (adj_size != partp->dp_size) {
1139 	    warnx(
1140 	"WARNING: adjusting size of partition %d from %u to %u\n\
1141     to end on a cylinder boundary",
1142 		    partition, (u_int)partp->dp_size, (u_int)adj_size);
1143 	    partp->dp_size = adj_size;
1144 	}
1145 		if (partp->dp_size == 0) {
1146 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: size of partition %d is zero",
1147 		    current_line_number, partition);
1148 	    break;
1149 	}
1150 
1151 	dos(partp);
1152 	status = 1;
1153 	break;
1154     }
1155     return (status);
1156 }
1157 
1158 
1159 static int
1160 process_active(CMD *command)
1161 {
1162     int				status = 0, partition, i;
1163     struct dos_partition	*partp;
1164 
1165 	while (1) {
1166 	active_processed = 1;
1167 		if (command->n_args != 1) {
1168 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: incorrect number of active args",
1169 		    current_line_number);
1170 	    status = 0;
1171 	    break;
1172 	}
1173 	partition = command->args[0].arg_val;
1174 		if (partition < 1 || partition > 4) {
1175 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: invalid partition number %d",
1176 		    current_line_number, partition);
1177 	    break;
1178 	}
1179 	/*
1180 	 * Reset active partition
1181 	 */
1182 	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts);
1183 	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++)
1184 	    partp[i].dp_flag = 0;
1185 	partp[partition-1].dp_flag = ACTIVE;
1186 
1187 	status = 1;
1188 	break;
1189     }
1190     return (status);
1191 }
1192 
1193 
1194 static int
1195 process_line(char *line)
1196 {
1197     CMD		command;
1198     int		status = 1;
1199 
1200 	while (1) {
1201 	parse_config_line(line, &command);
1202 		switch (command.cmd) {
1203 	case 0:
1204 	    /*
1205 	     * Comment or blank line
1206 	     */
1207 	    break;
1208 	case 'g':
1209 	    /*
1210 	     * Set geometry
1211 	     */
1212 	    status = process_geometry(&command);
1213 	    break;
1214 	case 'p':
1215 	    status = process_partition(&command);
1216 	    break;
1217 	case 'a':
1218 	    status = process_active(&command);
1219 	    break;
1220 	default:
1221 	    status = 0;
1222 	    break;
1223 	}
1224 	break;
1225     }
1226     return (status);
1227 }
1228 
1229 
1230 static int
1231 read_config(char *config_file)
1232 {
1233     FILE	*fp = NULL;
1234     int		status = 1;
1235     char	buf[1010];
1236 
1237 	while (1) {
1238 		if (strcmp(config_file, "-") != 0) {
1239 	    /*
1240 	     * We're not reading from stdin
1241 	     */
1242 			if ((fp = fopen(config_file, "r")) == NULL) {
1243 		status = 0;
1244 		break;
1245 	    }
1246 		} else {
1247 	    fp = stdin;
1248 	}
1249 	current_line_number = 0;
1250 		while (!feof(fp)) {
1251 	    if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp) == NULL)
1252 		break;
1253 	    ++current_line_number;
1254 	    status = process_line(buf);
1255 	    if (status == 0)
1256 		break;
1257 	    }
1258 	break;
1259     }
1260 	if (fp) {
1261 	/*
1262 	 * It doesn't matter if we're reading from stdin, as we've reached EOF
1263 	 */
1264 	fclose(fp);
1265     }
1266     return (status);
1267 }
1268 
1269 
1270 static void
1271 reset_boot(void)
1272 {
1273     int				i;
1274     struct dos_partition	*partp;
1275 
1276     init_boot();
1277 	for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
1278 	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i;
1279 	bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
1280     }
1281 }
1282 
1283 static int
1284 sanitize_partition(struct dos_partition *partp)
1285 {
1286     u_int32_t			prev_head_boundary, prev_cyl_boundary;
1287     u_int32_t			max_end, size, start;
1288 
1289     start = partp->dp_start;
1290     size = partp->dp_size;
1291     max_end = start + size;
1292     /* Only allow a zero size if the partition is being marked unused. */
1293     if (size == 0) {
1294 	if (start == 0 && partp->dp_typ == 0)
1295 	    return (1);
1296 	warnx("ERROR: size of partition is zero");
1297 	return (0);
1298     }
1299     /* Return if no adjustment is necessary. */
1300     if (start % dos_sectors == 0 && (start + size) % dos_sectors == 0)
1301 	return (1);
1302 
1303     if (start % dos_sectors != 0)
1304 	warnx("WARNING: partition does not start on a head boundary");
1305     if ((start  +size) % dos_sectors != 0)
1306 	warnx("WARNING: partition does not end on a cylinder boundary");
1307     warnx("WARNING: this may confuse the BIOS or some operating systems");
1308     if (!ok("Correct this automatically?"))
1309 	return (1);
1310 
1311     /*
1312      * Adjust start upwards, if necessary, to fall on a head boundary.
1313      */
1314     if (start % dos_sectors != 0) {
1315 	prev_head_boundary = start / dos_sectors * dos_sectors;
1316 	if (max_end < dos_sectors ||
1317 	    prev_head_boundary >= max_end - dos_sectors) {
1318 	    /*
1319 	     * Can't go past end of partition
1320 	     */
1321 	    warnx(
1322     "ERROR: unable to adjust start of partition to fall on a head boundary");
1323 	    return (0);
1324         }
1325 	start = prev_head_boundary + dos_sectors;
1326     }
1327 
1328     /*
1329      * Adjust size downwards, if necessary, to fall on a cylinder
1330      * boundary.
1331      */
1332     prev_cyl_boundary = ((start + size) / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs;
1333     if (prev_cyl_boundary > start)
1334 	size = prev_cyl_boundary - start;
1335     else {
1336 	warnx("ERROR: could not adjust partition to start on a head boundary\n\
1337     and end on a cylinder boundary.");
1338 	return (0);
1339     }
1340 
1341     /* Finally, commit any changes to partp and return. */
1342     if (start != partp->dp_start) {
1343 	warnx("WARNING: adjusting start offset of partition to %u",
1344 	    (u_int)start);
1345 	partp->dp_start = start;
1346     }
1347     if (size != partp->dp_size) {
1348 	warnx("WARNING: adjusting size of partition to %u", (u_int)size);
1349 	partp->dp_size = size;
1350     }
1351 
1352     return (1);
1353 }
1354 
1355 /*
1356  * Try figuring out the root device's canonical disk name.
1357  * The following choices are considered:
1358  *   /dev/ad0s1a     => /dev/ad0
1359  *   /dev/da0a       => /dev/da0
1360  *   /dev/vinum/root => /dev/vinum/root
1361  */
1362 static char *
1363 get_rootdisk(void)
1364 {
1365 	struct statfs rootfs;
1366 	regex_t re;
1367 #define NMATCHES 2
1368 	regmatch_t rm[NMATCHES];
1369 	char *s;
1370 	int rv;
1371 
1372 	if (statfs("/", &rootfs) == -1)
1373 		err(1, "statfs(\"/\")");
1374 
1375 	if ((rv = regcomp(&re, "^(/dev/[a-z]+[0-9]+)([sp][0-9]+)?[a-h]?$",
1376 		    REG_EXTENDED)) != 0)
1377 		errx(1, "regcomp() failed (%d)", rv);
1378 	if ((rv = regexec(&re, rootfs.f_mntfromname, NMATCHES, rm, 0)) != 0)
1379 		errx(1,
1380 "mounted root fs resource doesn't match expectations (regexec returned %d)",
1381 		    rv);
1382 	if ((s = malloc(rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so + 1)) == NULL)
1383 		errx(1, "out of memory");
1384 	memcpy(s, rootfs.f_mntfromname + rm[1].rm_so,
1385 	    rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so);
1386 	s[rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so] = 0;
1387 
1388 	return s;
1389 }
1390