xref: /freebsd/sbin/fdisk/fdisk.c (revision 4b2eaea43fec8e8792be611dea204071a10b655a)
1 /*
2  * Mach Operating System
3  * Copyright (c) 1992 Carnegie Mellon University
4  * All Rights Reserved.
5  *
6  * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
7  * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
8  * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
9  * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
10  * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
11  *
12  * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
13  * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
14  * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
15  *
16  * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
17  *
18  *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
19  *  School of Computer Science
20  *  Carnegie Mellon University
21  *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
22  *
23  * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
24  * the rights to redistribute these changes.
25  */
26 
27 #ifndef lint
28 static const char rcsid[] =
29   "$FreeBSD$";
30 #endif /* not lint */
31 
32 #include <sys/disk.h>
33 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
34 #include <sys/diskmbr.h>
35 #include <sys/param.h>
36 #include <sys/stat.h>
37 #include <sys/mount.h>
38 #include <ctype.h>
39 #include <fcntl.h>
40 #include <err.h>
41 #include <errno.h>
42 #include <paths.h>
43 #include <regex.h>
44 #include <stdint.h>
45 #include <stdio.h>
46 #include <stdlib.h>
47 #include <string.h>
48 #include <unistd.h>
49 
50 int iotest;
51 
52 #define LBUF 100
53 static char lbuf[LBUF];
54 
55 #define MBRSIGOFF	510
56 
57 /*
58  *
59  * Ported to 386bsd by Julian Elischer  Thu Oct 15 20:26:46 PDT 1992
60  *
61  * 14-Dec-89  Robert Baron (rvb) at Carnegie-Mellon University
62  *	Copyright (c) 1989	Robert. V. Baron
63  *	Created.
64  */
65 
66 #define Decimal(str, ans, tmp) if (decimal(str, &tmp, ans)) ans = tmp
67 
68 #define RoundCyl(x) ((((x) + cylsecs - 1) / cylsecs) * cylsecs)
69 
70 #define MAX_SEC_SIZE 2048	/* maximum section size that is supported */
71 #define MIN_SEC_SIZE 512	/* the sector size to start sensing at */
72 static int secsize = 0;		/* the sensed sector size */
73 
74 static char *disk;
75 
76 static int cyls, sectors, heads, cylsecs, disksecs;
77 
78 struct mboot {
79 	unsigned char padding[2]; /* force the longs to be long aligned */
80   	unsigned char *bootinst;  /* boot code */
81   	off_t bootinst_size;
82 	struct	dos_partition parts[4];
83 };
84 
85 static struct mboot mboot;
86 static int fd, fdw;
87 
88 
89 #define ACTIVE 0x80
90 #define BOOT_MAGIC 0xAA55
91 
92 static uint dos_cyls;
93 static uint dos_heads;
94 static uint dos_sectors;
95 static uint dos_cylsecs;
96 
97 #define DOSSECT(s,c) ((s & 0x3f) | ((c >> 2) & 0xc0))
98 #define DOSCYL(c)	(c & 0xff)
99 
100 #define MAX_ARGS	10
101 
102 static int	current_line_number;
103 
104 static int	geom_processed = 0;
105 static int	part_processed = 0;
106 static int	active_processed = 0;
107 
108 typedef struct cmd {
109     char		cmd;
110     int			n_args;
111     struct arg {
112 	char	argtype;
113 	int	arg_val;
114     }			args[MAX_ARGS];
115 } CMD;
116 
117 static int B_flag  = 0;		/* replace boot code */
118 static int I_flag  = 0;		/* use entire disk for FreeBSD */
119 static int a_flag  = 0;		/* set active partition */
120 static char *b_flag = NULL;	/* path to boot code */
121 static int i_flag  = 0;		/* replace partition data */
122 static int u_flag  = 0;		/* update partition data */
123 static int s_flag  = 0;		/* Print a summary and exit */
124 static int t_flag  = 0;		/* test only */
125 static char *f_flag = NULL;	/* Read config info from file */
126 static int v_flag  = 0;		/* Be verbose */
127 
128 static struct part_type
129 {
130  unsigned char type;
131 	const char *name;
132 } part_types[] = {
133 	 {0x00, "unused"}
134 	,{0x01, "Primary DOS with 12 bit FAT"}
135 	,{0x02, "XENIX / file system"}
136 	,{0x03, "XENIX /usr file system"}
137 	,{0x04, "Primary DOS with 16 bit FAT (< 32MB)"}
138 	,{0x05, "Extended DOS"}
139 	,{0x06, "Primary 'big' DOS (>= 32MB)"}
140 	,{0x07, "OS/2 HPFS, NTFS, QNX-2 (16 bit) or Advanced UNIX"}
141 	,{0x08, "AIX file system or SplitDrive"}
142 	,{0x09, "AIX boot partition or Coherent"}
143 	,{0x0A, "OS/2 Boot Manager, OPUS or Coherent swap"}
144 	,{0x0B, "DOS or Windows 95 with 32 bit FAT"}
145 	,{0x0C, "DOS or Windows 95 with 32 bit FAT (LBA)"}
146 	,{0x0E, "Primary 'big' DOS (>= 32MB, LBA)"}
147 	,{0x0F, "Extended DOS (LBA)"}
148 	,{0x10, "OPUS"}
149 	,{0x11, "OS/2 BM: hidden DOS with 12-bit FAT"}
150 	,{0x12, "Compaq diagnostics"}
151 	,{0x14, "OS/2 BM: hidden DOS with 16-bit FAT (< 32MB)"}
152 	,{0x16, "OS/2 BM: hidden DOS with 16-bit FAT (>= 32MB)"}
153 	,{0x17, "OS/2 BM: hidden IFS (e.g. HPFS)"}
154 	,{0x18, "AST Windows swapfile"}
155 	,{0x24, "NEC DOS"}
156 	,{0x3C, "PartitionMagic recovery"}
157 	,{0x39, "plan9"}
158 	,{0x40, "VENIX 286"}
159 	,{0x41, "Linux/MINIX (sharing disk with DRDOS)"}
160 	,{0x42, "SFS or Linux swap (sharing disk with DRDOS)"}
161 	,{0x43, "Linux native (sharing disk with DRDOS)"}
162 	,{0x4D, "QNX 4.2 Primary"}
163 	,{0x4E, "QNX 4.2 Secondary"}
164 	,{0x4F, "QNX 4.2 Tertiary"}
165 	,{0x50, "DM (disk manager)"}
166 	,{0x51, "DM6 Aux1 (or Novell)"}
167 	,{0x52, "CP/M or Microport SysV/AT"}
168 	,{0x53, "DM6 Aux3"}
169 	,{0x54, "DM6"}
170 	,{0x55, "EZ-Drive (disk manager)"}
171 	,{0x56, "Golden Bow (disk manager)"}
172 	,{0x5c, "Priam Edisk (disk manager)"} /* according to S. Widlake */
173 	,{0x61, "SpeedStor"}
174 	,{0x63, "System V/386 (such as ISC UNIX), GNU HURD or Mach"}
175 	,{0x64, "Novell Netware/286 2.xx"}
176 	,{0x65, "Novell Netware/386 3.xx"}
177 	,{0x70, "DiskSecure Multi-Boot"}
178 	,{0x75, "PCIX"}
179 	,{0x77, "QNX4.x"}
180 	,{0x78, "QNX4.x 2nd part"}
181 	,{0x79, "QNX4.x 3rd part"}
182 	,{0x80, "Minix until 1.4a"}
183 	,{0x81, "Minix since 1.4b, early Linux partition or Mitac disk manager"}
184 	,{0x82, "Linux swap or Solaris x86"}
185 	,{0x83, "Linux native"}
186 	,{0x84, "OS/2 hidden C: drive"}
187 	,{0x85, "Linux extended"}
188 	,{0x86, "NTFS volume set??"}
189 	,{0x87, "NTFS volume set??"}
190 	,{0x93, "Amoeba file system"}
191 	,{0x94, "Amoeba bad block table"}
192 	,{0x9F, "BSD/OS"}
193 	,{0xA0, "Suspend to Disk"}
194 	,{0xA5, "FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD"}
195 	,{0xA6, "OpenBSD"}
196 	,{0xA7, "NeXTSTEP"}
197 	,{0xA9, "NetBSD"}
198 	,{0xAC, "IBM JFS"}
199 	,{0xB7, "BSDI BSD/386 file system"}
200 	,{0xB8, "BSDI BSD/386 swap"}
201 	,{0xC1, "DRDOS/sec with 12-bit FAT"}
202 	,{0xC4, "DRDOS/sec with 16-bit FAT (< 32MB)"}
203 	,{0xC6, "DRDOS/sec with 16-bit FAT (>= 32MB)"}
204 	,{0xC7, "Syrinx"}
205 	,{0xDB, "CP/M, Concurrent CP/M, Concurrent DOS or CTOS"}
206 	,{0xE1, "DOS access or SpeedStor with 12-bit FAT extended partition"}
207 	,{0xE3, "DOS R/O or SpeedStor"}
208 	,{0xE4, "SpeedStor with 16-bit FAT extended partition < 1024 cyl."}
209 	,{0xEB, "BeOS file system"}
210 	,{0xEE, "EFI GPT"}
211 	,{0xEF, "EFI System Partition"}
212 	,{0xF1, "SpeedStor"}
213 	,{0xF2, "DOS 3.3+ Secondary"}
214 	,{0xF4, "SpeedStor large partition"}
215 	,{0xFE, "SpeedStor >1024 cyl. or LANstep"}
216 	,{0xFF, "Xenix bad blocks table"}
217 };
218 
219 static void print_s0(int which);
220 static void print_part(int i);
221 static void init_sector0(unsigned long start);
222 static void init_boot(void);
223 static void change_part(int i);
224 static void print_params(void);
225 static void change_active(int which);
226 static void change_code(void);
227 static void get_params_to_use(void);
228 static char *get_rootdisk(void);
229 static void dos(struct dos_partition *partp);
230 static int open_disk(int flag);
231 static ssize_t read_disk(off_t sector, void *buf);
232 static ssize_t write_disk(off_t sector, void *buf);
233 static int get_params(void);
234 static int read_s0(void);
235 static int write_s0(void);
236 static int ok(const char *str);
237 static int decimal(const char *str, int *num, int deflt);
238 static const char *get_type(int type);
239 static int read_config(char *config_file);
240 static void reset_boot(void);
241 static int sanitize_partition(struct dos_partition *);
242 static void usage(void);
243 
244 int
245 main(int argc, char *argv[])
246 {
247 	struct	stat sb;
248 	int	c, i;
249 	int	partition = -1;
250 	struct	dos_partition *partp;
251 
252 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "BIab:f:istuv1234")) != -1)
253 		switch (c) {
254 		case 'B':
255 			B_flag = 1;
256 			break;
257 		case 'I':
258 			I_flag = 1;
259 			break;
260 		case 'a':
261 			a_flag = 1;
262 			break;
263 		case 'b':
264 			b_flag = optarg;
265 			break;
266 		case 'f':
267 			f_flag = optarg;
268 			break;
269 		case 'i':
270 			i_flag = 1;
271 			break;
272 		case 's':
273 			s_flag = 1;
274 			break;
275 		case 't':
276 			t_flag = 1;
277 			break;
278 		case 'u':
279 			u_flag = 1;
280 			break;
281 		case 'v':
282 			v_flag = 1;
283 			break;
284 		case '1':
285 		case '2':
286 		case '3':
287 		case '4':
288 			partition = c - '0';
289 			break;
290 		default:
291 			usage();
292 		}
293 	if (f_flag || i_flag)
294 		u_flag = 1;
295 	if (t_flag)
296 		v_flag = 1;
297 	argc -= optind;
298 	argv += optind;
299 
300 	if (argc == 0) {
301 		disk = get_rootdisk();
302 	} else {
303 		if (stat(argv[0], &sb) == 0) {
304 			/* OK, full pathname given */
305 			disk = argv[0];
306 		} else if (errno == ENOENT) {
307 			/* Try prepending "/dev" */
308 			asprintf(&disk, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[0]);
309 			if (disk == NULL)
310 				errx(1, "out of memory");
311 		} else {
312 			/* other stat error, let it fail below */
313 			disk = argv[0];
314 		}
315 	}
316 	if (open_disk(u_flag) < 0)
317 		err(1, "cannot open disk %s", disk);
318 
319 	/* (abu)use mboot.bootinst to probe for the sector size */
320 	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(MAX_SEC_SIZE)) == NULL)
321 		err(1, "cannot allocate buffer to determine disk sector size");
322 	read_disk(0, mboot.bootinst);
323 	free(mboot.bootinst);
324 	mboot.bootinst = NULL;
325 
326 	if (s_flag) {
327 		if (read_s0())
328 			err(1, "read_s0");
329 		printf("%s: %d cyl %d hd %d sec\n", disk, dos_cyls, dos_heads,
330 		    dos_sectors);
331 		printf("Part  %11s %11s Type Flags\n", "Start", "Size");
332 		for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++) {
333 			partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i;
334 			if (partp->dp_start == 0 && partp->dp_size == 0)
335 				continue;
336 			printf("%4d: %11lu %11lu 0x%02x 0x%02x\n", i + 1,
337 			    (u_long) partp->dp_start,
338 			    (u_long) partp->dp_size, partp->dp_typ,
339 			    partp->dp_flag);
340 		}
341 		exit(0);
342 	}
343 
344 	printf("******* Working on device %s *******\n",disk);
345 
346 	if (I_flag) {
347 		read_s0();
348 		reset_boot();
349 		partp = (struct dos_partition *) (&mboot.parts[0]);
350 		partp->dp_typ = DOSPTYP_386BSD;
351 		partp->dp_flag = ACTIVE;
352 		partp->dp_start = dos_sectors;
353 		partp->dp_size = (disksecs / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs -
354 		    dos_sectors;
355 		dos(partp);
356 		if (v_flag)
357 			print_s0(-1);
358 		if (!t_flag)
359 			write_s0();
360 		exit(0);
361 	}
362 	if (f_flag) {
363 	    if (read_s0() || i_flag)
364 		reset_boot();
365 	    if (!read_config(f_flag))
366 		exit(1);
367 	    if (v_flag)
368 		print_s0(-1);
369 	    if (!t_flag)
370 		write_s0();
371 	} else {
372 	    if(u_flag)
373 		get_params_to_use();
374 	    else
375 		print_params();
376 
377 	    if (read_s0())
378 		init_sector0(dos_sectors);
379 
380 	    printf("Media sector size is %d\n", secsize);
381 	    printf("Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1\n");
382 	    printf("Information from DOS bootblock is:\n");
383 	    if (partition == -1)
384 		for (i = 1; i <= NDOSPART; i++)
385 		    change_part(i);
386 	    else
387 		change_part(partition);
388 
389 	    if (u_flag || a_flag)
390 		change_active(partition);
391 
392 	    if (B_flag)
393 		change_code();
394 
395 	    if (u_flag || a_flag || B_flag) {
396 		if (!t_flag) {
397 		    printf("\nWe haven't changed the partition table yet.  ");
398 		    printf("This is your last chance.\n");
399 		}
400 		print_s0(-1);
401 		if (!t_flag) {
402 		    if (ok("Should we write new partition table?"))
403 			write_s0();
404 			} else {
405 		    printf("\n-t flag specified -- partition table not written.\n");
406 		}
407 	    }
408 	}
409 
410 	exit(0);
411 }
412 
413 static void
414 usage()
415 {
416 	fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
417 		"usage: fdisk [-BIaistu] [-b bootcode] [-1234] [disk]\n",
418  		"       fdisk -f configfile [-itv] [disk]\n");
419         exit(1);
420 }
421 
422 static void
423 print_s0(int which)
424 {
425 	int	i;
426 
427 	print_params();
428 	printf("Information from DOS bootblock is:\n");
429 	if (which == -1)
430 		for (i = 1; i <= NDOSPART; i++)
431 			printf("%d: ", i), print_part(i);
432 	else
433 		print_part(which);
434 }
435 
436 static struct dos_partition mtpart;
437 
438 static void
439 print_part(int i)
440 {
441 	struct	  dos_partition *partp;
442 	u_int64_t part_mb;
443 
444 	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i - 1;
445 
446 	if (!bcmp(partp, &mtpart, sizeof (struct dos_partition))) {
447 		printf("<UNUSED>\n");
448 		return;
449 	}
450 	/*
451 	 * Be careful not to overflow.
452 	 */
453 	part_mb = partp->dp_size;
454 	part_mb *= secsize;
455 	part_mb /= (1024 * 1024);
456 	printf("sysid %d (%#04x),(%s)\n", partp->dp_typ, partp->dp_typ,
457 	    get_type(partp->dp_typ));
458 	printf("    start %lu, size %lu (%ju Meg), flag %x%s\n",
459 		(u_long)partp->dp_start,
460 		(u_long)partp->dp_size,
461 		(uintmax_t)part_mb,
462 		partp->dp_flag,
463 		partp->dp_flag == ACTIVE ? " (active)" : "");
464 	printf("\tbeg: cyl %d/ head %d/ sector %d;\n\tend: cyl %d/ head %d/ sector %d\n"
465 		,DPCYL(partp->dp_scyl, partp->dp_ssect)
466 		,partp->dp_shd
467 		,DPSECT(partp->dp_ssect)
468 		,DPCYL(partp->dp_ecyl, partp->dp_esect)
469 		,partp->dp_ehd
470 		,DPSECT(partp->dp_esect));
471 }
472 
473 
474 static void
475 init_boot(void)
476 {
477 #ifndef __ia64__
478 	const char *fname;
479 	int fdesc, n;
480 	struct stat sb;
481 
482 	fname = b_flag ? b_flag : "/boot/mbr";
483 	if ((fdesc = open(fname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 ||
484 	    fstat(fdesc, &sb) == -1)
485 		err(1, "%s", fname);
486 	if ((mboot.bootinst_size = sb.st_size) % secsize != 0)
487 		errx(1, "%s: length must be a multiple of sector size", fname);
488 	if (mboot.bootinst != NULL)
489 		free(mboot.bootinst);
490 	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(mboot.bootinst_size = sb.st_size)) == NULL)
491 		errx(1, "%s: unable to allocate read buffer", fname);
492 	if ((n = read(fdesc, mboot.bootinst, mboot.bootinst_size)) == -1 ||
493 	    close(fdesc))
494 		err(1, "%s", fname);
495 	if (n != mboot.bootinst_size)
496 		errx(1, "%s: short read", fname);
497 #else
498 	if (mboot.bootinst != NULL)
499 		free(mboot.bootinst);
500 	mboot.bootinst_size = secsize;
501 	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(mboot.bootinst_size)) == NULL)
502 		errx(1, "unable to allocate boot block buffer");
503 	memset(mboot.bootinst, 0, mboot.bootinst_size);
504 	*(uint16_t *)(void *)&mboot.bootinst[MBRSIGOFF] = BOOT_MAGIC;
505 #endif
506 }
507 
508 
509 static void
510 init_sector0(unsigned long start)
511 {
512 	struct dos_partition *partp = (struct dos_partition *) (&mboot.parts[3]);
513 
514 	init_boot();
515 
516 	partp->dp_typ = DOSPTYP_386BSD;
517 	partp->dp_flag = ACTIVE;
518 	start = ((start + dos_sectors - 1) / dos_sectors) * dos_sectors;
519 	if(start == 0)
520 		start = dos_sectors;
521 	partp->dp_start = start;
522 	partp->dp_size = (disksecs / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs - start;
523 
524 	dos(partp);
525 }
526 
527 static void
528 change_part(int i)
529 {
530 	struct dos_partition *partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i - 1;
531 
532     printf("The data for partition %d is:\n", i);
533     print_part(i);
534 
535     if (u_flag && ok("Do you want to change it?")) {
536 	int tmp;
537 
538 	if (i_flag) {
539 		bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
540 		if (i == 4) {
541 			init_sector0(1);
542 			printf("\nThe static data for the DOS partition 4 has been reinitialized to:\n");
543 			print_part(i);
544 		}
545 	}
546 
547 	do {
548 		Decimal("sysid (165=FreeBSD)", partp->dp_typ, tmp);
549 		Decimal("start", partp->dp_start, tmp);
550 		Decimal("size", partp->dp_size, tmp);
551 		if (!sanitize_partition(partp)) {
552 			warnx("ERROR: failed to adjust; setting sysid to 0");
553 			partp->dp_typ = 0;
554 		}
555 
556 		if (ok("Explicitly specify beg/end address ?"))
557 		{
558 			int	tsec,tcyl,thd;
559 			tcyl = DPCYL(partp->dp_scyl,partp->dp_ssect);
560 			thd = partp->dp_shd;
561 			tsec = DPSECT(partp->dp_ssect);
562 			Decimal("beginning cylinder", tcyl, tmp);
563 			Decimal("beginning head", thd, tmp);
564 			Decimal("beginning sector", tsec, tmp);
565 			partp->dp_scyl = DOSCYL(tcyl);
566 			partp->dp_ssect = DOSSECT(tsec,tcyl);
567 			partp->dp_shd = thd;
568 
569 			tcyl = DPCYL(partp->dp_ecyl,partp->dp_esect);
570 			thd = partp->dp_ehd;
571 			tsec = DPSECT(partp->dp_esect);
572 			Decimal("ending cylinder", tcyl, tmp);
573 			Decimal("ending head", thd, tmp);
574 			Decimal("ending sector", tsec, tmp);
575 			partp->dp_ecyl = DOSCYL(tcyl);
576 			partp->dp_esect = DOSSECT(tsec,tcyl);
577 			partp->dp_ehd = thd;
578 		} else
579 			dos(partp);
580 
581 		print_part(i);
582 	} while (!ok("Are we happy with this entry?"));
583     }
584     }
585 
586 static void
587 print_params()
588 {
589 	printf("parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are:\n");
590 	printf("cylinders=%d heads=%d sectors/track=%d (%d blks/cyl)\n\n"
591 			,cyls,heads,sectors,cylsecs);
592 	if((dos_sectors > 63) || (dos_cyls > 1023) || (dos_heads > 255))
593 		printf("Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1\n");
594 	printf("parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are:\n");
595 	printf("cylinders=%d heads=%d sectors/track=%d (%d blks/cyl)\n\n"
596 		,dos_cyls,dos_heads,dos_sectors,dos_cylsecs);
597 }
598 
599 static void
600 change_active(int which)
601 {
602 	struct dos_partition *partp = &mboot.parts[0];
603 	int active, i, new, tmp;
604 
605 	active = -1;
606 	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++) {
607 		if ((partp[i].dp_flag & ACTIVE) == 0)
608 			continue;
609 		printf("Partition %d is marked active\n", i + 1);
610 		if (active == -1)
611 			active = i + 1;
612 	}
613 	if (a_flag && which != -1)
614 		active = which;
615 	else if (active == -1)
616 		active = 1;
617 
618 	if (!ok("Do you want to change the active partition?"))
619 		return;
620 setactive:
621 	do {
622 		new = active;
623 		Decimal("active partition", new, tmp);
624 		if (new < 1 || new > 4) {
625 			printf("Active partition number must be in range 1-4."
626 					"  Try again.\n");
627 			goto setactive;
628 		}
629 		active = new;
630 	} while (!ok("Are you happy with this choice"));
631 	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++)
632 		partp[i].dp_flag = 0;
633 	if (active > 0 && active <= NDOSPART)
634 		partp[active-1].dp_flag = ACTIVE;
635 }
636 
637 static void
638 change_code()
639 {
640 	if (ok("Do you want to change the boot code?"))
641 		init_boot();
642 }
643 
644 void
645 get_params_to_use()
646 {
647 	int	tmp;
648 	print_params();
649 	if (ok("Do you want to change our idea of what BIOS thinks ?"))
650 	{
651 		do
652 		{
653 			Decimal("BIOS's idea of #cylinders", dos_cyls, tmp);
654 			Decimal("BIOS's idea of #heads", dos_heads, tmp);
655 			Decimal("BIOS's idea of #sectors", dos_sectors, tmp);
656 			dos_cylsecs = dos_heads * dos_sectors;
657 			print_params();
658 		}
659 		while(!ok("Are you happy with this choice"));
660 	}
661 }
662 
663 
664 /***********************************************\
665 * Change real numbers into strange dos numbers	*
666 \***********************************************/
667 static void
668 dos(struct dos_partition *partp)
669 {
670 	int cy, sec;
671 	u_int32_t end;
672 
673 	if (partp->dp_typ == 0 && partp->dp_start == 0 && partp->dp_size == 0) {
674 		memcpy(partp, &mtpart, sizeof(*partp));
675 		return;
676 	}
677 
678 	/* Start c/h/s. */
679 	partp->dp_shd = partp->dp_start % dos_cylsecs / dos_sectors;
680 	cy = partp->dp_start / dos_cylsecs;
681 	sec = partp->dp_start % dos_sectors + 1;
682 	partp->dp_scyl = DOSCYL(cy);
683 	partp->dp_ssect = DOSSECT(sec, cy);
684 
685 	/* End c/h/s. */
686 	end = partp->dp_start + partp->dp_size - 1;
687 	partp->dp_ehd = end % dos_cylsecs / dos_sectors;
688 	cy = end / dos_cylsecs;
689 	sec = end % dos_sectors + 1;
690 	partp->dp_ecyl = DOSCYL(cy);
691 	partp->dp_esect = DOSSECT(sec, cy);
692 }
693 
694 static int
695 open_disk(int flag)
696 {
697 	struct stat 	st;
698 	int rwmode, p;
699 	char *s;
700 
701 	fdw = -1;
702 	if (stat(disk, &st) == -1) {
703 		if (errno == ENOENT)
704 			return -2;
705 		warnx("can't get file status of %s", disk);
706 		return -1;
707 	}
708 	if ( !(st.st_mode & S_IFCHR) )
709 		warnx("device %s is not character special", disk);
710 	rwmode = a_flag || I_flag || B_flag || flag ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY;
711 	fd = open(disk, rwmode);
712 	if (fd == -1 && errno == ENXIO)
713 		return -2;
714 	if (fd == -1 && errno == EPERM && rwmode == O_RDWR) {
715 		fd = open(disk, O_RDONLY);
716 		if (fd == -1)
717 			return -3;
718 		for (p = 1; p < 5; p++) {
719 			asprintf(&s, "%ss%d", disk, p);
720 			fdw = open(s, O_RDONLY);
721 			free(s);
722 			if (fdw == -1)
723 				continue;
724 			break;
725 		}
726 		if (fdw == -1)
727 			return -4;
728 	}
729 	if (fd == -1) {
730 		warnx("can't open device %s", disk);
731 		return -1;
732 	}
733 	if (get_params() == -1) {
734 		warnx("can't get disk parameters on %s", disk);
735 		return -1;
736 	}
737 	return fd;
738 }
739 
740 static ssize_t
741 read_disk(off_t sector, void *buf)
742 {
743 	lseek(fd,(sector * 512), 0);
744 	if( secsize == 0 )
745 		for( secsize = MIN_SEC_SIZE; secsize <= MAX_SEC_SIZE; secsize *= 2 )
746 			{
747 			/* try the read */
748 			int size = read(fd, buf, secsize);
749 			if( size == secsize )
750 				/* it worked so return */
751 				return secsize;
752 			}
753 	else
754 		return read( fd, buf, secsize );
755 
756 	/* we failed to read at any of the sizes */
757 	return -1;
758 }
759 
760 static ssize_t
761 write_disk(off_t sector, void *buf)
762 {
763 
764 	if (fdw != -1) {
765 		return ioctl(fdw, DIOCSMBR, buf);
766 	} else {
767 		lseek(fd,(sector * 512), 0);
768 		/* write out in the size that the read_disk found worked */
769 		return write(fd, buf, secsize);
770 	}
771 }
772 
773 static int
774 get_params()
775 {
776 	int error;
777 	u_int u;
778 	off_t o;
779 
780 	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &u);
781 	if (error == 0)
782 		sectors = dos_sectors = u;
783 	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &u);
784 	if (error == 0)
785 		heads = dos_heads = u;
786 
787 	dos_cylsecs = cylsecs = heads * sectors;
788 	disksecs = cyls * heads * sectors;
789 
790 	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &u);
791 	if (error != 0)
792 		u = 512;
793 
794 	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &o);
795 	if (error == 0) {
796 		disksecs = o / u;
797 		cyls = dos_cyls = o / (u * dos_heads * dos_sectors);
798 	}
799 
800 	return (disksecs);
801 }
802 
803 
804 static int
805 read_s0()
806 {
807 	mboot.bootinst_size = secsize;
808 	if (mboot.bootinst != NULL)
809 		free(mboot.bootinst);
810 	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(mboot.bootinst_size)) == NULL) {
811 		warnx("unable to allocate buffer to read fdisk "
812 		      "partition table");
813 		return -1;
814 	}
815 	if (read_disk(0, mboot.bootinst) == -1) {
816 		warnx("can't read fdisk partition table");
817 		return -1;
818 	}
819 	if (*(uint16_t *)(void *)&mboot.bootinst[MBRSIGOFF] != BOOT_MAGIC) {
820 		warnx("invalid fdisk partition table found");
821 		/* So should we initialize things */
822 		return -1;
823 	}
824 	memcpy(mboot.parts, &mboot.bootinst[DOSPARTOFF], sizeof(mboot.parts));
825 	return 0;
826 }
827 
828 static int
829 write_s0()
830 {
831 	int	sector;
832 
833 	if (iotest) {
834 		print_s0(-1);
835 		return 0;
836 	}
837 	memcpy(&mboot.bootinst[DOSPARTOFF], mboot.parts, sizeof(mboot.parts));
838 	/*
839 	 * write enable label sector before write (if necessary),
840 	 * disable after writing.
841 	 * needed if the disklabel protected area also protects
842 	 * sector 0. (e.g. empty disk)
843 	 */
844 	for(sector = 0; sector < mboot.bootinst_size / secsize; sector++)
845 		if (write_disk(sector,
846 			       &mboot.bootinst[sector * secsize]) == -1) {
847 			warn("can't write fdisk partition table");
848 			return -1;
849 		}
850 	return(0);
851 }
852 
853 
854 static int
855 ok(const char *str)
856 {
857 	printf("%s [n] ", str);
858 	fflush(stdout);
859 	if (fgets(lbuf, LBUF, stdin) == NULL)
860 		exit(1);
861 	lbuf[strlen(lbuf)-1] = 0;
862 
863 	if (*lbuf &&
864 		(!strcmp(lbuf, "yes") || !strcmp(lbuf, "YES") ||
865 		 !strcmp(lbuf, "y") || !strcmp(lbuf, "Y")))
866 		return 1;
867 	else
868 		return 0;
869 }
870 
871 static int
872 decimal(const char *str, int *num, int deflt)
873 {
874 	int acc = 0, c;
875 	char *cp;
876 
877 	while (1) {
878 		printf("Supply a decimal value for \"%s\" [%d] ", str, deflt);
879 		fflush(stdout);
880 		if (fgets(lbuf, LBUF, stdin) == NULL)
881 			exit(1);
882 		lbuf[strlen(lbuf)-1] = 0;
883 
884 		if (!*lbuf)
885 			return 0;
886 
887 		cp = lbuf;
888 		while ((c = *cp) && (c == ' ' || c == '\t')) cp++;
889 		if (!c)
890 			return 0;
891 		while ((c = *cp++)) {
892 			if (c <= '9' && c >= '0')
893 				acc = acc * 10 + c - '0';
894 			else
895 				break;
896 		}
897 		if (c == ' ' || c == '\t')
898 			while ((c = *cp) && (c == ' ' || c == '\t')) cp++;
899 		if (!c) {
900 			*num = acc;
901 			return 1;
902 		} else
903 			printf("%s is an invalid decimal number.  Try again.\n",
904 				lbuf);
905 	}
906 
907 }
908 
909 static const char *
910 get_type(int type)
911 {
912 	int	numentries = (sizeof(part_types)/sizeof(struct part_type));
913 	int	counter = 0;
914 	struct	part_type *ptr = part_types;
915 
916 
917 	while(counter < numentries) {
918 		if(ptr->type == type)
919 			return(ptr->name);
920 		ptr++;
921 		counter++;
922 	}
923 	return("unknown");
924 }
925 
926 
927 static void
928 parse_config_line(char *line, CMD *command)
929 {
930     char	*cp, *end;
931 
932     cp = line;
933     while (1) {
934 	memset(command, 0, sizeof(*command));
935 
936 	while (isspace(*cp)) ++cp;
937 	if (*cp == '\0' || *cp == '#')
938 	    break;
939 	command->cmd = *cp++;
940 
941 	/*
942 	 * Parse args
943 	 */
944 	    while (1) {
945 	    while (isspace(*cp)) ++cp;
946 	    if (*cp == '#')
947 		break;		/* found comment */
948 	    if (isalpha(*cp))
949 		command->args[command->n_args].argtype = *cp++;
950 	    if (!isdigit(*cp))
951 		break;		/* assume end of line */
952 	    end = NULL;
953 	    command->args[command->n_args].arg_val = strtol(cp, &end, 0);
954 	    if (cp == end)
955 		break;		/* couldn't parse number */
956 	    cp = end;
957 	    command->n_args++;
958 	}
959 	break;
960     }
961 }
962 
963 
964 static int
965 process_geometry(CMD *command)
966 {
967     int		status = 1, i;
968 
969     while (1) {
970 	geom_processed = 1;
971 	    if (part_processed) {
972 	    warnx(
973 	"ERROR line %d: the geometry specification line must occur before\n\
974     all partition specifications",
975 		    current_line_number);
976 	    status = 0;
977 	    break;
978 	}
979 	    if (command->n_args != 3) {
980 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: incorrect number of geometry args",
981 		    current_line_number);
982 	    status = 0;
983 	    break;
984 	}
985 	    dos_cyls = 0;
986 	    dos_heads = 0;
987 	    dos_sectors = 0;
988 	    for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
989 		    switch (command->args[i].argtype) {
990 	    case 'c':
991 		dos_cyls = command->args[i].arg_val;
992 		break;
993 	    case 'h':
994 		dos_heads = command->args[i].arg_val;
995 		break;
996 	    case 's':
997 		dos_sectors = command->args[i].arg_val;
998 		break;
999 	    default:
1000 		warnx(
1001 		"ERROR line %d: unknown geometry arg type: '%c' (0x%02x)",
1002 			current_line_number, command->args[i].argtype,
1003 			command->args[i].argtype);
1004 		status = 0;
1005 		break;
1006 	    }
1007 	}
1008 	if (status == 0)
1009 	    break;
1010 
1011 	dos_cylsecs = dos_heads * dos_sectors;
1012 
1013 	/*
1014 	 * Do sanity checks on parameter values
1015 	 */
1016 	    if (dos_cyls == 0) {
1017 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of cylinders not specified",
1018 		    current_line_number);
1019 	    status = 0;
1020 	}
1021 	    if (dos_cyls > 1024) {
1022 	    warnx(
1023 	"WARNING line %d: number of cylinders (%d) may be out-of-range\n\
1024     (must be within 1-1024 for normal BIOS operation, unless the entire disk\n\
1025     is dedicated to FreeBSD)",
1026 		    current_line_number, dos_cyls);
1027 	}
1028 
1029 	    if (dos_heads == 0) {
1030 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of heads not specified",
1031 		    current_line_number);
1032 	    status = 0;
1033 	    } else if (dos_heads > 256) {
1034 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of heads must be within (1-256)",
1035 		    current_line_number);
1036 	    status = 0;
1037 	}
1038 
1039 	    if (dos_sectors == 0) {
1040 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of sectors not specified",
1041 		    current_line_number);
1042 	    status = 0;
1043 	    } else if (dos_sectors > 63) {
1044 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of sectors must be within (1-63)",
1045 		    current_line_number);
1046 	    status = 0;
1047 	}
1048 
1049 	break;
1050     }
1051     return (status);
1052 }
1053 
1054 
1055 static int
1056 process_partition(CMD *command)
1057 {
1058     int				status = 0, partition;
1059     u_int32_t			prev_head_boundary, prev_cyl_boundary;
1060     u_int32_t			adj_size, max_end;
1061     struct dos_partition	*partp;
1062 
1063 	while (1) {
1064 	part_processed = 1;
1065 		if (command->n_args != 4) {
1066 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: incorrect number of partition args",
1067 		    current_line_number);
1068 	    break;
1069 	}
1070 	partition = command->args[0].arg_val;
1071 		if (partition < 1 || partition > 4) {
1072 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: invalid partition number %d",
1073 		    current_line_number, partition);
1074 	    break;
1075 	}
1076 	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + partition - 1;
1077 	bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
1078 	partp->dp_typ = command->args[1].arg_val;
1079 	partp->dp_start = command->args[2].arg_val;
1080 	partp->dp_size = command->args[3].arg_val;
1081 	max_end = partp->dp_start + partp->dp_size;
1082 
1083 		if (partp->dp_typ == 0) {
1084 	    /*
1085 	     * Get out, the partition is marked as unused.
1086 	     */
1087 	    /*
1088 	     * Insure that it's unused.
1089 	     */
1090 	    bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
1091 	    status = 1;
1092 	    break;
1093 	}
1094 
1095 	/*
1096 	 * Adjust start upwards, if necessary, to fall on a head boundary.
1097 	 */
1098 		if (partp->dp_start % dos_sectors != 0) {
1099 	    prev_head_boundary = partp->dp_start / dos_sectors * dos_sectors;
1100 	    if (max_end < dos_sectors ||
1101 			    prev_head_boundary > max_end - dos_sectors) {
1102 		/*
1103 		 * Can't go past end of partition
1104 		 */
1105 		warnx(
1106 	"ERROR line %d: unable to adjust start of partition %d to fall on\n\
1107     a head boundary",
1108 			current_line_number, partition);
1109 		break;
1110 	    }
1111 	    warnx(
1112 	"WARNING: adjusting start offset of partition %d\n\
1113     from %u to %u, to fall on a head boundary",
1114 		    partition, (u_int)partp->dp_start,
1115 		    (u_int)(prev_head_boundary + dos_sectors));
1116 	    partp->dp_start = prev_head_boundary + dos_sectors;
1117 	}
1118 
1119 	/*
1120 	 * Adjust size downwards, if necessary, to fall on a cylinder
1121 	 * boundary.
1122 	 */
1123 	prev_cyl_boundary =
1124 	    ((partp->dp_start + partp->dp_size) / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs;
1125 	if (prev_cyl_boundary > partp->dp_start)
1126 	    adj_size = prev_cyl_boundary - partp->dp_start;
1127 		else {
1128 	    warnx(
1129 	"ERROR: could not adjust partition to start on a head boundary\n\
1130     and end on a cylinder boundary.");
1131 	    return (0);
1132 	}
1133 		if (adj_size != partp->dp_size) {
1134 	    warnx(
1135 	"WARNING: adjusting size of partition %d from %u to %u\n\
1136     to end on a cylinder boundary",
1137 		    partition, (u_int)partp->dp_size, (u_int)adj_size);
1138 	    partp->dp_size = adj_size;
1139 	}
1140 		if (partp->dp_size == 0) {
1141 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: size of partition %d is zero",
1142 		    current_line_number, partition);
1143 	    break;
1144 	}
1145 
1146 	dos(partp);
1147 	status = 1;
1148 	break;
1149     }
1150     return (status);
1151 }
1152 
1153 
1154 static int
1155 process_active(CMD *command)
1156 {
1157     int				status = 0, partition, i;
1158     struct dos_partition	*partp;
1159 
1160 	while (1) {
1161 	active_processed = 1;
1162 		if (command->n_args != 1) {
1163 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: incorrect number of active args",
1164 		    current_line_number);
1165 	    status = 0;
1166 	    break;
1167 	}
1168 	partition = command->args[0].arg_val;
1169 		if (partition < 1 || partition > 4) {
1170 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: invalid partition number %d",
1171 		    current_line_number, partition);
1172 	    break;
1173 	}
1174 	/*
1175 	 * Reset active partition
1176 	 */
1177 	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts);
1178 	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++)
1179 	    partp[i].dp_flag = 0;
1180 	partp[partition-1].dp_flag = ACTIVE;
1181 
1182 	status = 1;
1183 	break;
1184     }
1185     return (status);
1186 }
1187 
1188 
1189 static int
1190 process_line(char *line)
1191 {
1192     CMD		command;
1193     int		status = 1;
1194 
1195 	while (1) {
1196 	parse_config_line(line, &command);
1197 		switch (command.cmd) {
1198 	case 0:
1199 	    /*
1200 	     * Comment or blank line
1201 	     */
1202 	    break;
1203 	case 'g':
1204 	    /*
1205 	     * Set geometry
1206 	     */
1207 	    status = process_geometry(&command);
1208 	    break;
1209 	case 'p':
1210 	    status = process_partition(&command);
1211 	    break;
1212 	case 'a':
1213 	    status = process_active(&command);
1214 	    break;
1215 	default:
1216 	    status = 0;
1217 	    break;
1218 	}
1219 	break;
1220     }
1221     return (status);
1222 }
1223 
1224 
1225 static int
1226 read_config(char *config_file)
1227 {
1228     FILE	*fp = NULL;
1229     int		status = 1;
1230     char	buf[1010];
1231 
1232 	while (1) {
1233 		if (strcmp(config_file, "-") != 0) {
1234 	    /*
1235 	     * We're not reading from stdin
1236 	     */
1237 			if ((fp = fopen(config_file, "r")) == NULL) {
1238 		status = 0;
1239 		break;
1240 	    }
1241 		} else {
1242 	    fp = stdin;
1243 	}
1244 	current_line_number = 0;
1245 		while (!feof(fp)) {
1246 	    if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp) == NULL)
1247 		break;
1248 	    ++current_line_number;
1249 	    status = process_line(buf);
1250 	    if (status == 0)
1251 		break;
1252 	    }
1253 	break;
1254     }
1255 	if (fp) {
1256 	/*
1257 	 * It doesn't matter if we're reading from stdin, as we've reached EOF
1258 	 */
1259 	fclose(fp);
1260     }
1261     return (status);
1262 }
1263 
1264 
1265 static void
1266 reset_boot(void)
1267 {
1268     int				i;
1269     struct dos_partition	*partp;
1270 
1271     init_boot();
1272 	for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
1273 	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i;
1274 	bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
1275     }
1276 }
1277 
1278 static int
1279 sanitize_partition(struct dos_partition *partp)
1280 {
1281     u_int32_t			prev_head_boundary, prev_cyl_boundary;
1282     u_int32_t			max_end, size, start;
1283 
1284     start = partp->dp_start;
1285     size = partp->dp_size;
1286     max_end = start + size;
1287     /* Only allow a zero size if the partition is being marked unused. */
1288     if (size == 0) {
1289 	if (start == 0 && partp->dp_typ == 0)
1290 	    return (1);
1291 	warnx("ERROR: size of partition is zero");
1292 	return (0);
1293     }
1294     /* Return if no adjustment is necessary. */
1295     if (start % dos_sectors == 0 && (start + size) % dos_sectors == 0)
1296 	return (1);
1297 
1298     if (start % dos_sectors != 0)
1299 	warnx("WARNING: partition does not start on a head boundary");
1300     if ((start  +size) % dos_sectors != 0)
1301 	warnx("WARNING: partition does not end on a cylinder boundary");
1302     warnx("WARNING: this may confuse the BIOS or some operating systems");
1303     if (!ok("Correct this automatically?"))
1304 	return (1);
1305 
1306     /*
1307      * Adjust start upwards, if necessary, to fall on a head boundary.
1308      */
1309     if (start % dos_sectors != 0) {
1310 	prev_head_boundary = start / dos_sectors * dos_sectors;
1311 	if (max_end < dos_sectors ||
1312 	    prev_head_boundary >= max_end - dos_sectors) {
1313 	    /*
1314 	     * Can't go past end of partition
1315 	     */
1316 	    warnx(
1317     "ERROR: unable to adjust start of partition to fall on a head boundary");
1318 	    return (0);
1319         }
1320 	start = prev_head_boundary + dos_sectors;
1321     }
1322 
1323     /*
1324      * Adjust size downwards, if necessary, to fall on a cylinder
1325      * boundary.
1326      */
1327     prev_cyl_boundary = ((start + size) / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs;
1328     if (prev_cyl_boundary > start)
1329 	size = prev_cyl_boundary - start;
1330     else {
1331 	warnx("ERROR: could not adjust partition to start on a head boundary\n\
1332     and end on a cylinder boundary.");
1333 	return (0);
1334     }
1335 
1336     /* Finally, commit any changes to partp and return. */
1337     if (start != partp->dp_start) {
1338 	warnx("WARNING: adjusting start offset of partition to %u",
1339 	    (u_int)start);
1340 	partp->dp_start = start;
1341     }
1342     if (size != partp->dp_size) {
1343 	warnx("WARNING: adjusting size of partition to %u", (u_int)size);
1344 	partp->dp_size = size;
1345     }
1346 
1347     return (1);
1348 }
1349 
1350 /*
1351  * Try figuring out the root device's canonical disk name.
1352  * The following choices are considered:
1353  *   /dev/ad0s1a     => /dev/ad0
1354  *   /dev/da0a       => /dev/da0
1355  *   /dev/vinum/root => /dev/vinum/root
1356  */
1357 static char *
1358 get_rootdisk(void)
1359 {
1360 	struct statfs rootfs;
1361 	regex_t re;
1362 #define NMATCHES 2
1363 	regmatch_t rm[NMATCHES];
1364 	char *s;
1365 	int rv;
1366 
1367 	if (statfs("/", &rootfs) == -1)
1368 		err(1, "statfs(\"/\")");
1369 
1370 	if ((rv = regcomp(&re, "^(/dev/[a-z]+[0-9]+)([sp][0-9]+)?[a-h]?$",
1371 		    REG_EXTENDED)) != 0)
1372 		errx(1, "regcomp() failed (%d)", rv);
1373 	if ((rv = regexec(&re, rootfs.f_mntfromname, NMATCHES, rm, 0)) != 0)
1374 		errx(1,
1375 "mounted root fs resource doesn't match expectations (regexec returned %d)",
1376 		    rv);
1377 	if ((s = malloc(rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so + 1)) == NULL)
1378 		errx(1, "out of memory");
1379 	memcpy(s, rootfs.f_mntfromname + rm[1].rm_so,
1380 	    rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so);
1381 	s[rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so] = 0;
1382 
1383 	return s;
1384 }
1385