xref: /freebsd/sbin/fdisk/fdisk.c (revision 3047fefe49f57a673de8df152c199de12ec2c6d3)
1 /*
2  * Mach Operating System
3  * Copyright (c) 1992 Carnegie Mellon University
4  * All Rights Reserved.
5  *
6  * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
7  * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
8  * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
9  * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
10  * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
11  *
12  * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
13  * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
14  * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
15  *
16  * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
17  *
18  *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
19  *  School of Computer Science
20  *  Carnegie Mellon University
21  *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
22  *
23  * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie Mellon
24  * the rights to redistribute these changes.
25  */
26 
27 #ifndef lint
28 static const char rcsid[] =
29   "$FreeBSD$";
30 #endif /* not lint */
31 
32 #include <sys/disk.h>
33 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
34 #include <sys/diskmbr.h>
35 #include <sys/param.h>
36 #include <sys/stat.h>
37 #include <sys/mount.h>
38 #include <ctype.h>
39 #include <fcntl.h>
40 #include <err.h>
41 #include <errno.h>
42 #include <paths.h>
43 #include <regex.h>
44 #include <stdint.h>
45 #include <stdio.h>
46 #include <stdlib.h>
47 #include <string.h>
48 #include <unistd.h>
49 
50 int iotest;
51 
52 #define LBUF 100
53 static char lbuf[LBUF];
54 
55 #define MBRSIGOFF	510
56 
57 /*
58  *
59  * Ported to 386bsd by Julian Elischer  Thu Oct 15 20:26:46 PDT 1992
60  *
61  * 14-Dec-89  Robert Baron (rvb) at Carnegie-Mellon University
62  *	Copyright (c) 1989	Robert. V. Baron
63  *	Created.
64  */
65 
66 #define Decimal(str, ans, tmp) if (decimal(str, &tmp, ans)) ans = tmp
67 
68 #define RoundCyl(x) ((((x) + cylsecs - 1) / cylsecs) * cylsecs)
69 
70 #define MAX_SEC_SIZE 2048	/* maximum section size that is supported */
71 #define MIN_SEC_SIZE 512	/* the sector size to start sensing at */
72 static int secsize = 0;		/* the sensed sector size */
73 
74 static char *disk;
75 
76 static struct disklabel disklabel;		/* disk parameters */
77 
78 static int cyls, sectors, heads, cylsecs, disksecs;
79 
80 struct mboot {
81 	unsigned char padding[2]; /* force the longs to be long aligned */
82   	unsigned char *bootinst;  /* boot code */
83   	off_t bootinst_size;
84 	struct	dos_partition parts[4];
85 };
86 
87 static struct mboot mboot;
88 static int fd;
89 
90 #define ACTIVE 0x80
91 #define BOOT_MAGIC 0xAA55
92 
93 static uint dos_cyls;
94 static uint dos_heads;
95 static uint dos_sectors;
96 static uint dos_cylsecs;
97 
98 #define DOSSECT(s,c) ((s & 0x3f) | ((c >> 2) & 0xc0))
99 #define DOSCYL(c)	(c & 0xff)
100 
101 #define MAX_ARGS	10
102 
103 static int	current_line_number;
104 
105 static int	geom_processed = 0;
106 static int	part_processed = 0;
107 static int	active_processed = 0;
108 
109 typedef struct cmd {
110     char		cmd;
111     int			n_args;
112     struct arg {
113 	char	argtype;
114 	int	arg_val;
115     }			args[MAX_ARGS];
116 } CMD;
117 
118 static int B_flag  = 0;		/* replace boot code */
119 static int I_flag  = 0;		/* use entire disk for FreeBSD */
120 static int a_flag  = 0;		/* set active partition */
121 static char *b_flag = NULL;	/* path to boot code */
122 static int i_flag  = 0;		/* replace partition data */
123 static int u_flag  = 0;		/* update partition data */
124 static int s_flag  = 0;		/* Print a summary and exit */
125 static int t_flag  = 0;		/* test only */
126 static char *f_flag = NULL;	/* Read config info from file */
127 static int v_flag  = 0;		/* Be verbose */
128 
129 static struct part_type
130 {
131  unsigned char type;
132 	const char *name;
133 } part_types[] = {
134 	 {0x00, "unused"}
135 	,{0x01, "Primary DOS with 12 bit FAT"}
136 	,{0x02, "XENIX / file system"}
137 	,{0x03, "XENIX /usr file system"}
138 	,{0x04, "Primary DOS with 16 bit FAT (< 32MB)"}
139 	,{0x05, "Extended DOS"}
140 	,{0x06, "Primary 'big' DOS (>= 32MB)"}
141 	,{0x07, "OS/2 HPFS, NTFS, QNX-2 (16 bit) or Advanced UNIX"}
142 	,{0x08, "AIX file system or SplitDrive"}
143 	,{0x09, "AIX boot partition or Coherent"}
144 	,{0x0A, "OS/2 Boot Manager, OPUS or Coherent swap"}
145 	,{0x0B, "DOS or Windows 95 with 32 bit FAT"}
146 	,{0x0C, "DOS or Windows 95 with 32 bit FAT (LBA)"}
147 	,{0x0E, "Primary 'big' DOS (>= 32MB, LBA)"}
148 	,{0x0F, "Extended DOS (LBA)"}
149 	,{0x10, "OPUS"}
150 	,{0x11, "OS/2 BM: hidden DOS with 12-bit FAT"}
151 	,{0x12, "Compaq diagnostics"}
152 	,{0x14, "OS/2 BM: hidden DOS with 16-bit FAT (< 32MB)"}
153 	,{0x16, "OS/2 BM: hidden DOS with 16-bit FAT (>= 32MB)"}
154 	,{0x17, "OS/2 BM: hidden IFS (e.g. HPFS)"}
155 	,{0x18, "AST Windows swapfile"}
156 	,{0x24, "NEC DOS"}
157 	,{0x3C, "PartitionMagic recovery"}
158 	,{0x39, "plan9"}
159 	,{0x40, "VENIX 286"}
160 	,{0x41, "Linux/MINIX (sharing disk with DRDOS)"}
161 	,{0x42, "SFS or Linux swap (sharing disk with DRDOS)"}
162 	,{0x43, "Linux native (sharing disk with DRDOS)"}
163 	,{0x4D, "QNX 4.2 Primary"}
164 	,{0x4E, "QNX 4.2 Secondary"}
165 	,{0x4F, "QNX 4.2 Tertiary"}
166 	,{0x50, "DM (disk manager)"}
167 	,{0x51, "DM6 Aux1 (or Novell)"}
168 	,{0x52, "CP/M or Microport SysV/AT"}
169 	,{0x53, "DM6 Aux3"}
170 	,{0x54, "DM6"}
171 	,{0x55, "EZ-Drive (disk manager)"}
172 	,{0x56, "Golden Bow (disk manager)"}
173 	,{0x5c, "Priam Edisk (disk manager)"} /* according to S. Widlake */
174 	,{0x61, "SpeedStor"}
175 	,{0x63, "System V/386 (such as ISC UNIX), GNU HURD or Mach"}
176 	,{0x64, "Novell Netware/286 2.xx"}
177 	,{0x65, "Novell Netware/386 3.xx"}
178 	,{0x70, "DiskSecure Multi-Boot"}
179 	,{0x75, "PCIX"}
180 	,{0x77, "QNX4.x"}
181 	,{0x78, "QNX4.x 2nd part"}
182 	,{0x79, "QNX4.x 3rd part"}
183 	,{0x80, "Minix until 1.4a"}
184 	,{0x81, "Minix since 1.4b, early Linux partition or Mitac disk manager"}
185 	,{0x82, "Linux swap or Solaris x86"}
186 	,{0x83, "Linux native"}
187 	,{0x84, "OS/2 hidden C: drive"}
188 	,{0x85, "Linux extended"}
189 	,{0x86, "NTFS volume set??"}
190 	,{0x87, "NTFS volume set??"}
191 	,{0x93, "Amoeba file system"}
192 	,{0x94, "Amoeba bad block table"}
193 	,{0x9F, "BSD/OS"}
194 	,{0xA0, "Suspend to Disk"}
195 	,{0xA5, "FreeBSD/NetBSD/386BSD"}
196 	,{0xA6, "OpenBSD"}
197 	,{0xA7, "NeXTSTEP"}
198 	,{0xA9, "NetBSD"}
199 	,{0xAC, "IBM JFS"}
200 	,{0xB7, "BSDI BSD/386 file system"}
201 	,{0xB8, "BSDI BSD/386 swap"}
202 	,{0xC1, "DRDOS/sec with 12-bit FAT"}
203 	,{0xC4, "DRDOS/sec with 16-bit FAT (< 32MB)"}
204 	,{0xC6, "DRDOS/sec with 16-bit FAT (>= 32MB)"}
205 	,{0xC7, "Syrinx"}
206 	,{0xDB, "CP/M, Concurrent CP/M, Concurrent DOS or CTOS"}
207 	,{0xE1, "DOS access or SpeedStor with 12-bit FAT extended partition"}
208 	,{0xE3, "DOS R/O or SpeedStor"}
209 	,{0xE4, "SpeedStor with 16-bit FAT extended partition < 1024 cyl."}
210 	,{0xEB, "BeOS file system"}
211 	,{0xEE, "EFI GPT"}
212 	,{0xEF, "EFI System Partition"}
213 	,{0xF1, "SpeedStor"}
214 	,{0xF2, "DOS 3.3+ Secondary"}
215 	,{0xF4, "SpeedStor large partition"}
216 	,{0xFE, "SpeedStor >1024 cyl. or LANstep"}
217 	,{0xFF, "Xenix bad blocks table"}
218 };
219 
220 static void print_s0(int which);
221 static void print_part(int i);
222 static void init_sector0(unsigned long start);
223 static void init_boot(void);
224 static void change_part(int i);
225 static void print_params(void);
226 static void change_active(int which);
227 static void change_code(void);
228 static void get_params_to_use(void);
229 static char *get_rootdisk(void);
230 static void dos(struct dos_partition *partp);
231 static int open_disk(int flag);
232 static ssize_t read_disk(off_t sector, void *buf);
233 static ssize_t write_disk(off_t sector, void *buf);
234 static int get_params(void);
235 static int read_s0(void);
236 static int write_s0(void);
237 static int ok(const char *str);
238 static int decimal(const char *str, int *num, int deflt);
239 static const char *get_type(int type);
240 static int read_config(char *config_file);
241 static void reset_boot(void);
242 static int sanitize_partition(struct dos_partition *);
243 static void usage(void);
244 
245 int
246 main(int argc, char *argv[])
247 {
248 	struct	stat sb;
249 	int	c, i;
250 	int	partition = -1;
251 	struct	dos_partition *partp;
252 
253 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "BIab:f:istuv1234")) != -1)
254 		switch (c) {
255 		case 'B':
256 			B_flag = 1;
257 			break;
258 		case 'I':
259 			I_flag = 1;
260 			break;
261 		case 'a':
262 			a_flag = 1;
263 			break;
264 		case 'b':
265 			b_flag = optarg;
266 			break;
267 		case 'f':
268 			f_flag = optarg;
269 			break;
270 		case 'i':
271 			i_flag = 1;
272 			break;
273 		case 's':
274 			s_flag = 1;
275 			break;
276 		case 't':
277 			t_flag = 1;
278 			break;
279 		case 'u':
280 			u_flag = 1;
281 			break;
282 		case 'v':
283 			v_flag = 1;
284 			break;
285 		case '1':
286 		case '2':
287 		case '3':
288 		case '4':
289 			partition = c - '0';
290 			break;
291 		default:
292 			usage();
293 		}
294 	if (f_flag || i_flag)
295 		u_flag = 1;
296 	if (t_flag)
297 		v_flag = 1;
298 	argc -= optind;
299 	argv += optind;
300 
301 	if (argc == 0) {
302 		disk = get_rootdisk();
303 	} else {
304 		if (stat(argv[0], &sb) == 0) {
305 			/* OK, full pathname given */
306 			disk = argv[0];
307 		} else if (errno == ENOENT) {
308 			/* Try prepending "/dev" */
309 			asprintf(&disk, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[0]);
310 			if (disk == NULL)
311 				errx(1, "out of memory");
312 		} else {
313 			/* other stat error, let it fail below */
314 			disk = argv[0];
315 		}
316 	}
317 	if (open_disk(u_flag) < 0)
318 		err(1, "cannot open disk %s", disk);
319 
320 	/* (abu)use mboot.bootinst to probe for the sector size */
321 	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(MAX_SEC_SIZE)) == NULL)
322 		err(1, "cannot allocate buffer to determine disk sector size");
323 	read_disk(0, mboot.bootinst);
324 	free(mboot.bootinst);
325 	mboot.bootinst = NULL;
326 
327 	if (s_flag) {
328 		if (read_s0())
329 			err(1, "read_s0");
330 		printf("%s: %d cyl %d hd %d sec\n", disk, dos_cyls, dos_heads,
331 		    dos_sectors);
332 		printf("Part  %11s %11s Type Flags\n", "Start", "Size");
333 		for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++) {
334 			partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i;
335 			if (partp->dp_start == 0 && partp->dp_size == 0)
336 				continue;
337 			printf("%4d: %11lu %11lu 0x%02x 0x%02x\n", i + 1,
338 			    (u_long) partp->dp_start,
339 			    (u_long) partp->dp_size, partp->dp_typ,
340 			    partp->dp_flag);
341 		}
342 		exit(0);
343 	}
344 
345 	printf("******* Working on device %s *******\n",disk);
346 
347 	if (I_flag) {
348 		read_s0();
349 		reset_boot();
350 		partp = (struct dos_partition *) (&mboot.parts[0]);
351 		partp->dp_typ = DOSPTYP_386BSD;
352 		partp->dp_flag = ACTIVE;
353 		partp->dp_start = dos_sectors;
354 		partp->dp_size = (disksecs / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs -
355 		    dos_sectors;
356 		dos(partp);
357 		if (v_flag)
358 			print_s0(-1);
359 		if (!t_flag)
360 			write_s0();
361 		exit(0);
362 	}
363 	if (f_flag) {
364 	    if (read_s0() || i_flag)
365 		reset_boot();
366 	    if (!read_config(f_flag))
367 		exit(1);
368 	    if (v_flag)
369 		print_s0(-1);
370 	    if (!t_flag)
371 		write_s0();
372 	} else {
373 	    if(u_flag)
374 		get_params_to_use();
375 	    else
376 		print_params();
377 
378 	    if (read_s0())
379 		init_sector0(dos_sectors);
380 
381 	    printf("Media sector size is %d\n", secsize);
382 	    printf("Warning: BIOS sector numbering starts with sector 1\n");
383 	    printf("Information from DOS bootblock is:\n");
384 	    if (partition == -1)
385 		for (i = 1; i <= NDOSPART; i++)
386 		    change_part(i);
387 	    else
388 		change_part(partition);
389 
390 	    if (u_flag || a_flag)
391 		change_active(partition);
392 
393 	    if (B_flag)
394 		change_code();
395 
396 	    if (u_flag || a_flag || B_flag) {
397 		if (!t_flag) {
398 		    printf("\nWe haven't changed the partition table yet.  ");
399 		    printf("This is your last chance.\n");
400 		}
401 		print_s0(-1);
402 		if (!t_flag) {
403 		    if (ok("Should we write new partition table?"))
404 			write_s0();
405 			} else {
406 		    printf("\n-t flag specified -- partition table not written.\n");
407 		}
408 	    }
409 	}
410 
411 	exit(0);
412 }
413 
414 static void
415 usage()
416 {
417 	fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
418 		"usage: fdisk [-BIaistu] [-b bootcode] [-1234] [disk]\n",
419  		"       fdisk -f configfile [-itv] [disk]\n");
420         exit(1);
421 }
422 
423 static void
424 print_s0(int which)
425 {
426 	int	i;
427 
428 	print_params();
429 	printf("Information from DOS bootblock is:\n");
430 	if (which == -1)
431 		for (i = 1; i <= NDOSPART; i++)
432 			printf("%d: ", i), print_part(i);
433 	else
434 		print_part(which);
435 }
436 
437 static struct dos_partition mtpart;
438 
439 static void
440 print_part(int i)
441 {
442 	struct	  dos_partition *partp;
443 	u_int64_t part_mb;
444 
445 	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i - 1;
446 
447 	if (!bcmp(partp, &mtpart, sizeof (struct dos_partition))) {
448 		printf("<UNUSED>\n");
449 		return;
450 	}
451 	/*
452 	 * Be careful not to overflow.
453 	 */
454 	part_mb = partp->dp_size;
455 	part_mb *= secsize;
456 	part_mb /= (1024 * 1024);
457 	printf("sysid %d (%#04x),(%s)\n", partp->dp_typ, partp->dp_typ,
458 	    get_type(partp->dp_typ));
459 	printf("    start %lu, size %lu (%ju Meg), flag %x%s\n",
460 		(u_long)partp->dp_start,
461 		(u_long)partp->dp_size,
462 		(uintmax_t)part_mb,
463 		partp->dp_flag,
464 		partp->dp_flag == ACTIVE ? " (active)" : "");
465 	printf("\tbeg: cyl %d/ head %d/ sector %d;\n\tend: cyl %d/ head %d/ sector %d\n"
466 		,DPCYL(partp->dp_scyl, partp->dp_ssect)
467 		,partp->dp_shd
468 		,DPSECT(partp->dp_ssect)
469 		,DPCYL(partp->dp_ecyl, partp->dp_esect)
470 		,partp->dp_ehd
471 		,DPSECT(partp->dp_esect));
472 }
473 
474 
475 static void
476 init_boot(void)
477 {
478 #ifndef __ia64__
479 	const char *fname;
480 	int fdesc, n;
481 	struct stat sb;
482 
483 	fname = b_flag ? b_flag : "/boot/mbr";
484 	if ((fdesc = open(fname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 ||
485 	    fstat(fdesc, &sb) == -1)
486 		err(1, "%s", fname);
487 	if ((mboot.bootinst_size = sb.st_size) % secsize != 0)
488 		errx(1, "%s: length must be a multiple of sector size", fname);
489 	if (mboot.bootinst != NULL)
490 		free(mboot.bootinst);
491 	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(mboot.bootinst_size = sb.st_size)) == NULL)
492 		errx(1, "%s: unable to allocate read buffer", fname);
493 	if ((n = read(fdesc, mboot.bootinst, mboot.bootinst_size)) == -1 ||
494 	    close(fdesc))
495 		err(1, "%s", fname);
496 	if (n != mboot.bootinst_size)
497 		errx(1, "%s: short read", fname);
498 #else
499 	if (mboot.bootinst != NULL)
500 		free(mboot.bootinst);
501 	mboot.bootinst_size = secsize;
502 	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(mboot.bootinst_size)) == NULL)
503 		errx(1, "unable to allocate boot block buffer");
504 	memset(mboot.bootinst, 0, mboot.bootinst_size);
505 	*(uint16_t *)(void *)&mboot.bootinst[MBRSIGOFF] = BOOT_MAGIC;
506 #endif
507 }
508 
509 
510 static void
511 init_sector0(unsigned long start)
512 {
513 	struct dos_partition *partp = (struct dos_partition *) (&mboot.parts[3]);
514 
515 	init_boot();
516 
517 	partp->dp_typ = DOSPTYP_386BSD;
518 	partp->dp_flag = ACTIVE;
519 	start = ((start + dos_sectors - 1) / dos_sectors) * dos_sectors;
520 	if(start == 0)
521 		start = dos_sectors;
522 	partp->dp_start = start;
523 	partp->dp_size = (disksecs / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs - start;
524 
525 	dos(partp);
526 }
527 
528 static void
529 change_part(int i)
530 {
531 	struct dos_partition *partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i - 1;
532 
533     printf("The data for partition %d is:\n", i);
534     print_part(i);
535 
536     if (u_flag && ok("Do you want to change it?")) {
537 	int tmp;
538 
539 	if (i_flag) {
540 		bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
541 		if (i == 4) {
542 			init_sector0(1);
543 			printf("\nThe static data for the DOS partition 4 has been reinitialized to:\n");
544 			print_part(i);
545 		}
546 	}
547 
548 	do {
549 		Decimal("sysid (165=FreeBSD)", partp->dp_typ, tmp);
550 		Decimal("start", partp->dp_start, tmp);
551 		Decimal("size", partp->dp_size, tmp);
552 		if (!sanitize_partition(partp)) {
553 			warnx("ERROR: failed to adjust; setting sysid to 0");
554 			partp->dp_typ = 0;
555 		}
556 
557 		if (ok("Explicitly specify beg/end address ?"))
558 		{
559 			int	tsec,tcyl,thd;
560 			tcyl = DPCYL(partp->dp_scyl,partp->dp_ssect);
561 			thd = partp->dp_shd;
562 			tsec = DPSECT(partp->dp_ssect);
563 			Decimal("beginning cylinder", tcyl, tmp);
564 			Decimal("beginning head", thd, tmp);
565 			Decimal("beginning sector", tsec, tmp);
566 			partp->dp_scyl = DOSCYL(tcyl);
567 			partp->dp_ssect = DOSSECT(tsec,tcyl);
568 			partp->dp_shd = thd;
569 
570 			tcyl = DPCYL(partp->dp_ecyl,partp->dp_esect);
571 			thd = partp->dp_ehd;
572 			tsec = DPSECT(partp->dp_esect);
573 			Decimal("ending cylinder", tcyl, tmp);
574 			Decimal("ending head", thd, tmp);
575 			Decimal("ending sector", tsec, tmp);
576 			partp->dp_ecyl = DOSCYL(tcyl);
577 			partp->dp_esect = DOSSECT(tsec,tcyl);
578 			partp->dp_ehd = thd;
579 		} else
580 			dos(partp);
581 
582 		print_part(i);
583 	} while (!ok("Are we happy with this entry?"));
584     }
585     }
586 
587 static void
588 print_params()
589 {
590 	printf("parameters extracted from in-core disklabel are:\n");
591 	printf("cylinders=%d heads=%d sectors/track=%d (%d blks/cyl)\n\n"
592 			,cyls,heads,sectors,cylsecs);
593 	if((dos_sectors > 63) || (dos_cyls > 1023) || (dos_heads > 255))
594 		printf("Figures below won't work with BIOS for partitions not in cyl 1\n");
595 	printf("parameters to be used for BIOS calculations are:\n");
596 	printf("cylinders=%d heads=%d sectors/track=%d (%d blks/cyl)\n\n"
597 		,dos_cyls,dos_heads,dos_sectors,dos_cylsecs);
598 }
599 
600 static void
601 change_active(int which)
602 {
603 	struct dos_partition *partp = &mboot.parts[0];
604 	int active, i, new, tmp;
605 
606 	active = -1;
607 	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++) {
608 		if ((partp[i].dp_flag & ACTIVE) == 0)
609 			continue;
610 		printf("Partition %d is marked active\n", i + 1);
611 		if (active == -1)
612 			active = i + 1;
613 	}
614 	if (a_flag && which != -1)
615 		active = which;
616 	else if (active == -1)
617 		active = 1;
618 
619 	if (!ok("Do you want to change the active partition?"))
620 		return;
621 setactive:
622 	do {
623 		new = active;
624 		Decimal("active partition", new, tmp);
625 		if (new < 1 || new > 4) {
626 			printf("Active partition number must be in range 1-4."
627 					"  Try again.\n");
628 			goto setactive;
629 		}
630 		active = new;
631 	} while (!ok("Are you happy with this choice"));
632 	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++)
633 		partp[i].dp_flag = 0;
634 	if (active > 0 && active <= NDOSPART)
635 		partp[active-1].dp_flag = ACTIVE;
636 }
637 
638 static void
639 change_code()
640 {
641 	if (ok("Do you want to change the boot code?"))
642 		init_boot();
643 }
644 
645 void
646 get_params_to_use()
647 {
648 	int	tmp;
649 	print_params();
650 	if (ok("Do you want to change our idea of what BIOS thinks ?"))
651 	{
652 		do
653 		{
654 			Decimal("BIOS's idea of #cylinders", dos_cyls, tmp);
655 			Decimal("BIOS's idea of #heads", dos_heads, tmp);
656 			Decimal("BIOS's idea of #sectors", dos_sectors, tmp);
657 			dos_cylsecs = dos_heads * dos_sectors;
658 			print_params();
659 		}
660 		while(!ok("Are you happy with this choice"));
661 	}
662 }
663 
664 
665 /***********************************************\
666 * Change real numbers into strange dos numbers	*
667 \***********************************************/
668 static void
669 dos(struct dos_partition *partp)
670 {
671 	int cy, sec;
672 	u_int32_t end;
673 
674 	if (partp->dp_typ == 0 && partp->dp_start == 0 && partp->dp_size == 0) {
675 		memcpy(partp, &mtpart, sizeof(*partp));
676 		return;
677 	}
678 
679 	/* Start c/h/s. */
680 	partp->dp_shd = partp->dp_start % dos_cylsecs / dos_sectors;
681 	cy = partp->dp_start / dos_cylsecs;
682 	sec = partp->dp_start % dos_sectors + 1;
683 	partp->dp_scyl = DOSCYL(cy);
684 	partp->dp_ssect = DOSSECT(sec, cy);
685 
686 	/* End c/h/s. */
687 	end = partp->dp_start + partp->dp_size - 1;
688 	partp->dp_ehd = end % dos_cylsecs / dos_sectors;
689 	cy = end / dos_cylsecs;
690 	sec = end % dos_sectors + 1;
691 	partp->dp_ecyl = DOSCYL(cy);
692 	partp->dp_esect = DOSSECT(sec, cy);
693 }
694 
695 static int
696 open_disk(int flag)
697 {
698 	struct stat 	st;
699 
700 	if (stat(disk, &st) == -1) {
701 		if (errno == ENOENT)
702 			return -2;
703 		warnx("can't get file status of %s", disk);
704 		return -1;
705 	}
706 	if ( !(st.st_mode & S_IFCHR) )
707 		warnx("device %s is not character special", disk);
708 	if ((fd = open(disk,
709 	    a_flag || I_flag || B_flag || flag ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
710 		if(errno == ENXIO)
711 			return -2;
712 		warnx("can't open device %s", disk);
713 		return -1;
714 	}
715 	if (get_params() == -1) {
716 		warnx("can't get disk parameters on %s", disk);
717 		return -1;
718 	}
719 	return fd;
720 }
721 
722 static ssize_t
723 read_disk(off_t sector, void *buf)
724 {
725 	lseek(fd,(sector * 512), 0);
726 	if( secsize == 0 )
727 		for( secsize = MIN_SEC_SIZE; secsize <= MAX_SEC_SIZE; secsize *= 2 )
728 			{
729 			/* try the read */
730 			int size = read(fd, buf, secsize);
731 			if( size == secsize )
732 				/* it worked so return */
733 				return secsize;
734 			}
735 	else
736 		return read( fd, buf, secsize );
737 
738 	/* we failed to read at any of the sizes */
739 	return -1;
740 }
741 
742 static ssize_t
743 write_disk(off_t sector, void *buf)
744 {
745 	lseek(fd,(sector * 512), 0);
746 	/* write out in the size that the read_disk found worked */
747 	return write(fd, buf, secsize);
748 }
749 
750 static int
751 get_params()
752 {
753 	int error;
754 	u_int u;
755 	off_t o;
756 
757 	if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, &disklabel) == -1) {
758 		warnx("can't get disk parameters on %s; supplying dummy ones", disk);
759 		dos_cyls = cyls = 1;
760 		dos_heads = heads = 1;
761 		dos_sectors = sectors = 1;
762 		dos_cylsecs = cylsecs = heads * sectors;
763 		disksecs = cyls * heads * sectors;
764 	} else {
765 		dos_cyls = cyls = disklabel.d_ncylinders;
766 		dos_heads = heads = disklabel.d_ntracks;
767 		dos_sectors = sectors = disklabel.d_nsectors;
768 	}
769 	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &u);
770 	if (error == 0)
771 		sectors = dos_sectors = u;
772 	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &u);
773 	if (error == 0)
774 		heads = dos_heads = u;
775 
776 	dos_cylsecs = cylsecs = heads * sectors;
777 	disksecs = cyls * heads * sectors;
778 
779 	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, &u);
780 	if (error != 0)
781 		u = 512;
782 
783 	error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &o);
784 	if (error == 0) {
785 		disksecs = o / u;
786 		cyls = dos_cyls = o / (u * dos_heads * dos_sectors);
787 	}
788 
789 
790 	return (disksecs);
791 }
792 
793 
794 static int
795 read_s0()
796 {
797 	mboot.bootinst_size = secsize;
798 	if (mboot.bootinst != NULL)
799 		free(mboot.bootinst);
800 	if ((mboot.bootinst = malloc(mboot.bootinst_size)) == NULL) {
801 		warnx("unable to allocate buffer to read fdisk "
802 		      "partition table");
803 		return -1;
804 	}
805 	if (read_disk(0, mboot.bootinst) == -1) {
806 		warnx("can't read fdisk partition table");
807 		return -1;
808 	}
809 	if (*(uint16_t *)(void *)&mboot.bootinst[MBRSIGOFF] != BOOT_MAGIC) {
810 		warnx("invalid fdisk partition table found");
811 		/* So should we initialize things */
812 		return -1;
813 	}
814 	memcpy(mboot.parts, &mboot.bootinst[DOSPARTOFF], sizeof(mboot.parts));
815 	return 0;
816 }
817 
818 static int
819 write_s0()
820 {
821 	int	sector;
822 
823 	if (iotest) {
824 		print_s0(-1);
825 		return 0;
826 	}
827 	memcpy(&mboot.bootinst[DOSPARTOFF], mboot.parts, sizeof(mboot.parts));
828 	/*
829 	 * write enable label sector before write (if necessary),
830 	 * disable after writing.
831 	 * needed if the disklabel protected area also protects
832 	 * sector 0. (e.g. empty disk)
833 	 */
834 	for(sector = 0; sector < mboot.bootinst_size / secsize; sector++)
835 		if (write_disk(sector,
836 			       &mboot.bootinst[sector * secsize]) == -1) {
837 			warn("can't write fdisk partition table");
838 			return -1;
839 		}
840 	return(0);
841 }
842 
843 
844 static int
845 ok(const char *str)
846 {
847 	printf("%s [n] ", str);
848 	fflush(stdout);
849 	if (fgets(lbuf, LBUF, stdin) == NULL)
850 		exit(1);
851 	lbuf[strlen(lbuf)-1] = 0;
852 
853 	if (*lbuf &&
854 		(!strcmp(lbuf, "yes") || !strcmp(lbuf, "YES") ||
855 		 !strcmp(lbuf, "y") || !strcmp(lbuf, "Y")))
856 		return 1;
857 	else
858 		return 0;
859 }
860 
861 static int
862 decimal(const char *str, int *num, int deflt)
863 {
864 	int acc = 0, c;
865 	char *cp;
866 
867 	while (1) {
868 		printf("Supply a decimal value for \"%s\" [%d] ", str, deflt);
869 		fflush(stdout);
870 		if (fgets(lbuf, LBUF, stdin) == NULL)
871 			exit(1);
872 		lbuf[strlen(lbuf)-1] = 0;
873 
874 		if (!*lbuf)
875 			return 0;
876 
877 		cp = lbuf;
878 		while ((c = *cp) && (c == ' ' || c == '\t')) cp++;
879 		if (!c)
880 			return 0;
881 		while ((c = *cp++)) {
882 			if (c <= '9' && c >= '0')
883 				acc = acc * 10 + c - '0';
884 			else
885 				break;
886 		}
887 		if (c == ' ' || c == '\t')
888 			while ((c = *cp) && (c == ' ' || c == '\t')) cp++;
889 		if (!c) {
890 			*num = acc;
891 			return 1;
892 		} else
893 			printf("%s is an invalid decimal number.  Try again.\n",
894 				lbuf);
895 	}
896 
897 }
898 
899 static const char *
900 get_type(int type)
901 {
902 	int	numentries = (sizeof(part_types)/sizeof(struct part_type));
903 	int	counter = 0;
904 	struct	part_type *ptr = part_types;
905 
906 
907 	while(counter < numentries) {
908 		if(ptr->type == type)
909 			return(ptr->name);
910 		ptr++;
911 		counter++;
912 	}
913 	return("unknown");
914 }
915 
916 
917 static void
918 parse_config_line(char *line, CMD *command)
919 {
920     char	*cp, *end;
921 
922     cp = line;
923     while (1) {
924 	memset(command, 0, sizeof(*command));
925 
926 	while (isspace(*cp)) ++cp;
927 	if (*cp == '\0' || *cp == '#')
928 	    break;
929 	command->cmd = *cp++;
930 
931 	/*
932 	 * Parse args
933 	 */
934 	    while (1) {
935 	    while (isspace(*cp)) ++cp;
936 	    if (*cp == '#')
937 		break;		/* found comment */
938 	    if (isalpha(*cp))
939 		command->args[command->n_args].argtype = *cp++;
940 	    if (!isdigit(*cp))
941 		break;		/* assume end of line */
942 	    end = NULL;
943 	    command->args[command->n_args].arg_val = strtol(cp, &end, 0);
944 	    if (cp == end)
945 		break;		/* couldn't parse number */
946 	    cp = end;
947 	    command->n_args++;
948 	}
949 	break;
950     }
951 }
952 
953 
954 static int
955 process_geometry(CMD *command)
956 {
957     int		status = 1, i;
958 
959     while (1) {
960 	geom_processed = 1;
961 	    if (part_processed) {
962 	    warnx(
963 	"ERROR line %d: the geometry specification line must occur before\n\
964     all partition specifications",
965 		    current_line_number);
966 	    status = 0;
967 	    break;
968 	}
969 	    if (command->n_args != 3) {
970 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: incorrect number of geometry args",
971 		    current_line_number);
972 	    status = 0;
973 	    break;
974 	}
975 	    dos_cyls = 0;
976 	    dos_heads = 0;
977 	    dos_sectors = 0;
978 	    for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
979 		    switch (command->args[i].argtype) {
980 	    case 'c':
981 		dos_cyls = command->args[i].arg_val;
982 		break;
983 	    case 'h':
984 		dos_heads = command->args[i].arg_val;
985 		break;
986 	    case 's':
987 		dos_sectors = command->args[i].arg_val;
988 		break;
989 	    default:
990 		warnx(
991 		"ERROR line %d: unknown geometry arg type: '%c' (0x%02x)",
992 			current_line_number, command->args[i].argtype,
993 			command->args[i].argtype);
994 		status = 0;
995 		break;
996 	    }
997 	}
998 	if (status == 0)
999 	    break;
1000 
1001 	dos_cylsecs = dos_heads * dos_sectors;
1002 
1003 	/*
1004 	 * Do sanity checks on parameter values
1005 	 */
1006 	    if (dos_cyls == 0) {
1007 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of cylinders not specified",
1008 		    current_line_number);
1009 	    status = 0;
1010 	}
1011 	    if (dos_cyls > 1024) {
1012 	    warnx(
1013 	"WARNING line %d: number of cylinders (%d) may be out-of-range\n\
1014     (must be within 1-1024 for normal BIOS operation, unless the entire disk\n\
1015     is dedicated to FreeBSD)",
1016 		    current_line_number, dos_cyls);
1017 	}
1018 
1019 	    if (dos_heads == 0) {
1020 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of heads not specified",
1021 		    current_line_number);
1022 	    status = 0;
1023 	    } else if (dos_heads > 256) {
1024 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of heads must be within (1-256)",
1025 		    current_line_number);
1026 	    status = 0;
1027 	}
1028 
1029 	    if (dos_sectors == 0) {
1030 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of sectors not specified",
1031 		    current_line_number);
1032 	    status = 0;
1033 	    } else if (dos_sectors > 63) {
1034 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: number of sectors must be within (1-63)",
1035 		    current_line_number);
1036 	    status = 0;
1037 	}
1038 
1039 	break;
1040     }
1041     return (status);
1042 }
1043 
1044 
1045 static int
1046 process_partition(CMD *command)
1047 {
1048     int				status = 0, partition;
1049     u_int32_t			prev_head_boundary, prev_cyl_boundary;
1050     u_int32_t			adj_size, max_end;
1051     struct dos_partition	*partp;
1052 
1053 	while (1) {
1054 	part_processed = 1;
1055 		if (command->n_args != 4) {
1056 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: incorrect number of partition args",
1057 		    current_line_number);
1058 	    break;
1059 	}
1060 	partition = command->args[0].arg_val;
1061 		if (partition < 1 || partition > 4) {
1062 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: invalid partition number %d",
1063 		    current_line_number, partition);
1064 	    break;
1065 	}
1066 	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + partition - 1;
1067 	bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
1068 	partp->dp_typ = command->args[1].arg_val;
1069 	partp->dp_start = command->args[2].arg_val;
1070 	partp->dp_size = command->args[3].arg_val;
1071 	max_end = partp->dp_start + partp->dp_size;
1072 
1073 		if (partp->dp_typ == 0) {
1074 	    /*
1075 	     * Get out, the partition is marked as unused.
1076 	     */
1077 	    /*
1078 	     * Insure that it's unused.
1079 	     */
1080 	    bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
1081 	    status = 1;
1082 	    break;
1083 	}
1084 
1085 	/*
1086 	 * Adjust start upwards, if necessary, to fall on an head boundary.
1087 	 */
1088 		if (partp->dp_start % dos_sectors != 0) {
1089 	    prev_head_boundary = partp->dp_start / dos_sectors * dos_sectors;
1090 	    if (max_end < dos_sectors ||
1091 			    prev_head_boundary > max_end - dos_sectors) {
1092 		/*
1093 		 * Can't go past end of partition
1094 		 */
1095 		warnx(
1096 	"ERROR line %d: unable to adjust start of partition %d to fall on\n\
1097     a head boundary",
1098 			current_line_number, partition);
1099 		break;
1100 	    }
1101 	    warnx(
1102 	"WARNING: adjusting start offset of partition %d\n\
1103     from %u to %u, to fall on a head boundary",
1104 		    partition, (u_int)partp->dp_start,
1105 		    (u_int)(prev_head_boundary + dos_sectors));
1106 	    partp->dp_start = prev_head_boundary + dos_sectors;
1107 	}
1108 
1109 	/*
1110 	 * Adjust size downwards, if necessary, to fall on a cylinder
1111 	 * boundary.
1112 	 */
1113 	prev_cyl_boundary =
1114 	    ((partp->dp_start + partp->dp_size) / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs;
1115 	if (prev_cyl_boundary > partp->dp_start)
1116 	    adj_size = prev_cyl_boundary - partp->dp_start;
1117 		else {
1118 	    warnx(
1119 	"ERROR: could not adjust partition to start on a head boundary\n\
1120     and end on a cylinder boundary.");
1121 	    return (0);
1122 	}
1123 		if (adj_size != partp->dp_size) {
1124 	    warnx(
1125 	"WARNING: adjusting size of partition %d from %u to %u\n\
1126     to end on a cylinder boundary",
1127 		    partition, (u_int)partp->dp_size, (u_int)adj_size);
1128 	    partp->dp_size = adj_size;
1129 	}
1130 		if (partp->dp_size == 0) {
1131 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: size of partition %d is zero",
1132 		    current_line_number, partition);
1133 	    break;
1134 	}
1135 
1136 	dos(partp);
1137 	status = 1;
1138 	break;
1139     }
1140     return (status);
1141 }
1142 
1143 
1144 static int
1145 process_active(CMD *command)
1146 {
1147     int				status = 0, partition, i;
1148     struct dos_partition	*partp;
1149 
1150 	while (1) {
1151 	active_processed = 1;
1152 		if (command->n_args != 1) {
1153 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: incorrect number of active args",
1154 		    current_line_number);
1155 	    status = 0;
1156 	    break;
1157 	}
1158 	partition = command->args[0].arg_val;
1159 		if (partition < 1 || partition > 4) {
1160 	    warnx("ERROR line %d: invalid partition number %d",
1161 		    current_line_number, partition);
1162 	    break;
1163 	}
1164 	/*
1165 	 * Reset active partition
1166 	 */
1167 	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts);
1168 	for (i = 0; i < NDOSPART; i++)
1169 	    partp[i].dp_flag = 0;
1170 	partp[partition-1].dp_flag = ACTIVE;
1171 
1172 	status = 1;
1173 	break;
1174     }
1175     return (status);
1176 }
1177 
1178 
1179 static int
1180 process_line(char *line)
1181 {
1182     CMD		command;
1183     int		status = 1;
1184 
1185 	while (1) {
1186 	parse_config_line(line, &command);
1187 		switch (command.cmd) {
1188 	case 0:
1189 	    /*
1190 	     * Comment or blank line
1191 	     */
1192 	    break;
1193 	case 'g':
1194 	    /*
1195 	     * Set geometry
1196 	     */
1197 	    status = process_geometry(&command);
1198 	    break;
1199 	case 'p':
1200 	    status = process_partition(&command);
1201 	    break;
1202 	case 'a':
1203 	    status = process_active(&command);
1204 	    break;
1205 	default:
1206 	    status = 0;
1207 	    break;
1208 	}
1209 	break;
1210     }
1211     return (status);
1212 }
1213 
1214 
1215 static int
1216 read_config(char *config_file)
1217 {
1218     FILE	*fp = NULL;
1219     int		status = 1;
1220     char	buf[1010];
1221 
1222 	while (1) {
1223 		if (strcmp(config_file, "-") != 0) {
1224 	    /*
1225 	     * We're not reading from stdin
1226 	     */
1227 			if ((fp = fopen(config_file, "r")) == NULL) {
1228 		status = 0;
1229 		break;
1230 	    }
1231 		} else {
1232 	    fp = stdin;
1233 	}
1234 	current_line_number = 0;
1235 		while (!feof(fp)) {
1236 	    if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp) == NULL)
1237 		break;
1238 	    ++current_line_number;
1239 	    status = process_line(buf);
1240 	    if (status == 0)
1241 		break;
1242 	    }
1243 	break;
1244     }
1245 	if (fp) {
1246 	/*
1247 	 * It doesn't matter if we're reading from stdin, as we've reached EOF
1248 	 */
1249 	fclose(fp);
1250     }
1251     return (status);
1252 }
1253 
1254 
1255 static void
1256 reset_boot(void)
1257 {
1258     int				i;
1259     struct dos_partition	*partp;
1260 
1261     init_boot();
1262 	for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
1263 	partp = ((struct dos_partition *) &mboot.parts) + i;
1264 	bzero((char *)partp, sizeof (struct dos_partition));
1265     }
1266 }
1267 
1268 static int
1269 sanitize_partition(struct dos_partition *partp)
1270 {
1271     u_int32_t			prev_head_boundary, prev_cyl_boundary;
1272     u_int32_t			max_end, size, start;
1273 
1274     start = partp->dp_start;
1275     size = partp->dp_size;
1276     max_end = start + size;
1277     /* Only allow a zero size if the partition is being marked unused. */
1278     if (size == 0) {
1279 	if (start == 0 && partp->dp_typ == 0)
1280 	    return (1);
1281 	warnx("ERROR: size of partition is zero");
1282 	return (0);
1283     }
1284     /* Return if no adjustment is necessary. */
1285     if (start % dos_sectors == 0 && (start + size) % dos_sectors == 0)
1286 	return (1);
1287 
1288     if (start % dos_sectors != 0)
1289 	warnx("WARNING: partition does not start on a head boundary");
1290     if ((start  +size) % dos_sectors != 0)
1291 	warnx("WARNING: partition does not end on a cylinder boundary");
1292     warnx("WARNING: this may confuse the BIOS or some operating systems");
1293     if (!ok("Correct this automatically?"))
1294 	return (1);
1295 
1296     /*
1297      * Adjust start upwards, if necessary, to fall on an head boundary.
1298      */
1299     if (start % dos_sectors != 0) {
1300 	prev_head_boundary = start / dos_sectors * dos_sectors;
1301 	if (max_end < dos_sectors ||
1302 	    prev_head_boundary >= max_end - dos_sectors) {
1303 	    /*
1304 	     * Can't go past end of partition
1305 	     */
1306 	    warnx(
1307     "ERROR: unable to adjust start of partition to fall on a head boundary");
1308 	    return (0);
1309         }
1310 	start = prev_head_boundary + dos_sectors;
1311     }
1312 
1313     /*
1314      * Adjust size downwards, if necessary, to fall on a cylinder
1315      * boundary.
1316      */
1317     prev_cyl_boundary = ((start + size) / dos_cylsecs) * dos_cylsecs;
1318     if (prev_cyl_boundary > start)
1319 	size = prev_cyl_boundary - start;
1320     else {
1321 	warnx("ERROR: could not adjust partition to start on a head boundary\n\
1322     and end on a cylinder boundary.");
1323 	return (0);
1324     }
1325 
1326     /* Finally, commit any changes to partp and return. */
1327     if (start != partp->dp_start) {
1328 	warnx("WARNING: adjusting start offset of partition to %u",
1329 	    (u_int)start);
1330 	partp->dp_start = start;
1331     }
1332     if (size != partp->dp_size) {
1333 	warnx("WARNING: adjusting size of partition to %u", (u_int)size);
1334 	partp->dp_size = size;
1335     }
1336 
1337     return (1);
1338 }
1339 
1340 /*
1341  * Try figuring out the root device's canonical disk name.
1342  * The following choices are considered:
1343  *   /dev/ad0s1a     => /dev/ad0
1344  *   /dev/da0a       => /dev/da0
1345  *   /dev/vinum/root => /dev/vinum/root
1346  */
1347 static char *
1348 get_rootdisk(void)
1349 {
1350 	struct statfs rootfs;
1351 	regex_t re;
1352 #define NMATCHES 2
1353 	regmatch_t rm[NMATCHES];
1354 	char *s;
1355 	int rv;
1356 
1357 	if (statfs("/", &rootfs) == -1)
1358 		err(1, "statfs(\"/\")");
1359 
1360 	if ((rv = regcomp(&re, "^(/dev/.*)(\\d+(s\\d+)?[a-h])?$",
1361 		    REG_EXTENDED)) != 0)
1362 		errx(1, "regcomp() failed (%d)", rv);
1363 	if ((rv = regexec(&re, rootfs.f_mntfromname, NMATCHES, rm, 0)) != 0)
1364 		errx(1,
1365 "mounted root fs resource doesn't match expectations (regexec returned %d)",
1366 		    rv);
1367 	if ((s = malloc(rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so + 1)) == NULL)
1368 		errx(1, "out of memory");
1369 	memcpy(s, rootfs.f_mntfromname + rm[1].rm_so,
1370 	    rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so);
1371 	s[rm[1].rm_eo - rm[1].rm_so] = 0;
1372 
1373 	return s;
1374 }
1375