xref: /freebsd/sbin/dumpon/dumpon.c (revision d34048812292b714a0bf99967270d18fe3097c62)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #if 0
33 #ifndef lint
34 static const char copyright[] =
35 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1993\n\
36 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
37 #endif /* not lint */
38 
39 #ifndef lint
40 static char sccsid[] = "From: @(#)swapon.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93";
41 #endif /* not lint */
42 #endif
43 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
44 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
45 
46 #include <sys/param.h>
47 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
48 #include <sys/disk.h>
49 #include <sys/socket.h>
50 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
51 
52 #include <assert.h>
53 #include <capsicum_helpers.h>
54 #include <err.h>
55 #include <errno.h>
56 #include <fcntl.h>
57 #include <ifaddrs.h>
58 #include <netdb.h>
59 #include <paths.h>
60 #include <stdbool.h>
61 #include <stdint.h>
62 #include <stdio.h>
63 #include <stdlib.h>
64 #include <string.h>
65 #include <sysexits.h>
66 #include <unistd.h>
67 
68 #include <arpa/inet.h>
69 
70 #include <net/if.h>
71 #include <net/if_dl.h>
72 #include <net/route.h>
73 
74 #include <netinet/in.h>
75 #include <netinet/netdump/netdump.h>
76 
77 #ifdef HAVE_CRYPTO
78 #include <openssl/err.h>
79 #include <openssl/pem.h>
80 #include <openssl/rsa.h>
81 #endif
82 
83 static int	verbose;
84 
85 static void _Noreturn
86 usage(void)
87 {
88 	fprintf(stderr,
89     "usage: dumpon [-v] [-k <pubkey>] [-Zz] <device>\n"
90     "       dumpon [-v] [-k <pubkey>] [-Zz]\n"
91     "              [-g <gateway>] -s <server> -c <client> <iface>\n"
92     "       dumpon [-v] off\n"
93     "       dumpon [-v] -l\n");
94 	exit(EX_USAGE);
95 }
96 
97 /*
98  * Look for a default route on the specified interface.
99  */
100 static char *
101 find_gateway(const char *ifname)
102 {
103 	struct ifaddrs *ifa, *ifap;
104 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
105 	struct sockaddr *sa;
106 	struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
107 	struct sockaddr_in *dst, *mask, *gw;
108 	char *buf, *next, *ret;
109 	size_t sz;
110 	int error, i, ifindex, mib[7];
111 
112 	/* First look up the interface index. */
113 	if (getifaddrs(&ifap) != 0)
114 		err(EX_OSERR, "getifaddrs");
115 	for (ifa = ifap; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next) {
116 		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_LINK)
117 			continue;
118 		if (strcmp(ifa->ifa_name, ifname) == 0) {
119 			sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(void *)ifa->ifa_addr;
120 			ifindex = sdl->sdl_index;
121 			break;
122 		}
123 	}
124 	if (ifa == NULL)
125 		errx(1, "couldn't find interface index for '%s'", ifname);
126 	freeifaddrs(ifap);
127 
128 	/* Now get the IPv4 routing table. */
129 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
130 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
131 	mib[2] = 0;
132 	mib[3] = AF_INET;
133 	mib[4] = NET_RT_DUMP;
134 	mib[5] = 0;
135 	mib[6] = -1; /* FIB */
136 
137 	for (;;) {
138 		if (sysctl(mib, nitems(mib), NULL, &sz, NULL, 0) != 0)
139 			err(EX_OSERR, "sysctl(NET_RT_DUMP)");
140 		buf = malloc(sz);
141 		error = sysctl(mib, nitems(mib), buf, &sz, NULL, 0);
142 		if (error == 0)
143 			break;
144 		if (errno != ENOMEM)
145 			err(EX_OSERR, "sysctl(NET_RT_DUMP)");
146 		free(buf);
147 	}
148 
149 	ret = NULL;
150 	for (next = buf; next < buf + sz; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
151 		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)(void *)next;
152 		if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION)
153 			continue;
154 		if ((rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) == 0 ||
155 		    rtm->rtm_index != ifindex)
156 			continue;
157 
158 		dst = gw = mask = NULL;
159 		sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
160 		for (i = 0; i < RTAX_MAX; i++) {
161 			if ((rtm->rtm_addrs & (1 << i)) != 0) {
162 				switch (i) {
163 				case RTAX_DST:
164 					dst = (void *)sa;
165 					break;
166 				case RTAX_GATEWAY:
167 					gw = (void *)sa;
168 					break;
169 				case RTAX_NETMASK:
170 					mask = (void *)sa;
171 					break;
172 				}
173 			}
174 			sa = (struct sockaddr *)((char *)sa + SA_SIZE(sa));
175 		}
176 
177 		if (dst->sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY &&
178 		    mask->sin_addr.s_addr == 0) {
179 			ret = inet_ntoa(gw->sin_addr);
180 			break;
181 		}
182 	}
183 	free(buf);
184 	return (ret);
185 }
186 
187 static void
188 check_size(int fd, const char *fn)
189 {
190 	int name[] = { CTL_HW, HW_PHYSMEM };
191 	size_t namelen = nitems(name);
192 	unsigned long physmem;
193 	size_t len;
194 	off_t mediasize;
195 	int minidump;
196 
197 	len = sizeof(minidump);
198 	if (sysctlbyname("debug.minidump", &minidump, &len, NULL, 0) == 0 &&
199 	    minidump == 1)
200 		return;
201 	len = sizeof(physmem);
202 	if (sysctl(name, namelen, &physmem, &len, NULL, 0) != 0)
203 		err(EX_OSERR, "can't get memory size");
204 	if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize) != 0)
205 		err(EX_OSERR, "%s: can't get size", fn);
206 	if ((uintmax_t)mediasize < (uintmax_t)physmem) {
207 		if (verbose)
208 			printf("%s is smaller than physical memory\n", fn);
209 		exit(EX_IOERR);
210 	}
211 }
212 
213 #ifdef HAVE_CRYPTO
214 static void
215 genkey(const char *pubkeyfile, struct diocskerneldump_arg *kdap)
216 {
217 	FILE *fp;
218 	RSA *pubkey;
219 
220 	assert(pubkeyfile != NULL);
221 	assert(kdap != NULL);
222 
223 	fp = NULL;
224 	pubkey = NULL;
225 
226 	fp = fopen(pubkeyfile, "r");
227 	if (fp == NULL)
228 		err(1, "Unable to open %s", pubkeyfile);
229 
230 	if (caph_enter() < 0)
231 		err(1, "Unable to enter capability mode");
232 
233 	pubkey = RSA_new();
234 	if (pubkey == NULL) {
235 		errx(1, "Unable to allocate an RSA structure: %s",
236 		    ERR_error_string(ERR_get_error(), NULL));
237 	}
238 
239 	pubkey = PEM_read_RSA_PUBKEY(fp, &pubkey, NULL, NULL);
240 	fclose(fp);
241 	fp = NULL;
242 	if (pubkey == NULL)
243 		errx(1, "Unable to read data from %s.", pubkeyfile);
244 
245 	/*
246 	 * RSA keys under ~1024 bits are trivially factorable (2018).  OpenSSL
247 	 * provides an API for RSA keys to estimate the symmetric-cipher
248 	 * "equivalent" bits of security (defined in NIST SP800-57), which as
249 	 * of this writing equates a 2048-bit RSA key to 112 symmetric cipher
250 	 * bits.
251 	 *
252 	 * Use this API as a seatbelt to avoid suggesting to users that their
253 	 * privacy is protected by encryption when the key size is insufficient
254 	 * to prevent compromise via factoring.
255 	 *
256 	 * Future work: Sanity check for weak 'e', and sanity check for absence
257 	 * of 'd' (i.e., the supplied key is a public key rather than a full
258 	 * keypair).
259 	 */
260 #if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x10100000L
261 	if (RSA_security_bits(pubkey) < 112)
262 #else
263 	if (RSA_size(pubkey) * 8 < 2048)
264 #endif
265 		errx(1, "Small RSA keys (you provided: %db) can be "
266 		    "factored cheaply.  Please generate a larger key.",
267 		    RSA_size(pubkey) * 8);
268 
269 	kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize = RSA_size(pubkey);
270 	if (kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize > KERNELDUMP_ENCKEY_MAX_SIZE) {
271 		errx(1, "Public key has to be at most %db long.",
272 		    8 * KERNELDUMP_ENCKEY_MAX_SIZE);
273 	}
274 
275 	kdap->kda_encryptedkey = calloc(1, kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize);
276 	if (kdap->kda_encryptedkey == NULL)
277 		err(1, "Unable to allocate encrypted key");
278 
279 	kdap->kda_encryption = KERNELDUMP_ENC_AES_256_CBC;
280 	arc4random_buf(kdap->kda_key, sizeof(kdap->kda_key));
281 	if (RSA_public_encrypt(sizeof(kdap->kda_key), kdap->kda_key,
282 	    kdap->kda_encryptedkey, pubkey,
283 	    RSA_PKCS1_PADDING) != (int)kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize) {
284 		errx(1, "Unable to encrypt the one-time key.");
285 	}
286 	RSA_free(pubkey);
287 }
288 #endif
289 
290 static void
291 listdumpdev(void)
292 {
293 	char dumpdev[PATH_MAX];
294 	struct netdump_conf ndconf;
295 	size_t len;
296 	const char *sysctlname = "kern.shutdown.dumpdevname";
297 	int fd;
298 
299 	len = sizeof(dumpdev);
300 	if (sysctlbyname(sysctlname, &dumpdev, &len, NULL, 0) != 0) {
301 		if (errno == ENOMEM) {
302 			err(EX_OSERR, "Kernel returned too large of a buffer for '%s'\n",
303 				sysctlname);
304 		} else {
305 			err(EX_OSERR, "Sysctl get '%s'\n", sysctlname);
306 		}
307 	}
308 	if (strlen(dumpdev) == 0)
309 		(void)strlcpy(dumpdev, _PATH_DEVNULL, sizeof(dumpdev));
310 
311 	if (verbose)
312 		printf("kernel dumps on ");
313 	printf("%s\n", dumpdev);
314 
315 	/* If netdump is enabled, print the configuration parameters. */
316 	if (verbose) {
317 		fd = open(_PATH_NETDUMP, O_RDONLY);
318 		if (fd < 0) {
319 			if (errno != ENOENT)
320 				err(EX_OSERR, "opening %s", _PATH_NETDUMP);
321 			return;
322 		}
323 		if (ioctl(fd, NETDUMPGCONF, &ndconf) != 0) {
324 			if (errno != ENXIO)
325 				err(EX_OSERR, "ioctl(NETDUMPGCONF)");
326 			(void)close(fd);
327 			return;
328 		}
329 
330 		printf("server address: %s\n", inet_ntoa(ndconf.ndc_server));
331 		printf("client address: %s\n", inet_ntoa(ndconf.ndc_client));
332 		printf("gateway address: %s\n", inet_ntoa(ndconf.ndc_gateway));
333 		(void)close(fd);
334 	}
335 }
336 
337 static int
338 opendumpdev(const char *arg, char *dumpdev)
339 {
340 	int fd, i;
341 
342 	if (strncmp(arg, _PATH_DEV, sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1) == 0)
343 		strlcpy(dumpdev, arg, PATH_MAX);
344 	else {
345 		i = snprintf(dumpdev, PATH_MAX, "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, arg);
346 		if (i < 0)
347 			err(EX_OSERR, "%s", arg);
348 		if (i >= PATH_MAX)
349 			errc(EX_DATAERR, EINVAL, "%s", arg);
350 	}
351 
352 	fd = open(dumpdev, O_RDONLY);
353 	if (fd < 0)
354 		err(EX_OSFILE, "%s", dumpdev);
355 	return (fd);
356 }
357 
358 int
359 main(int argc, char *argv[])
360 {
361 	char dumpdev[PATH_MAX];
362 	struct diocskerneldump_arg _kda, *kdap;
363 	struct netdump_conf ndconf;
364 	struct addrinfo hints, *res;
365 	const char *dev, *pubkeyfile, *server, *client, *gateway;
366 	int ch, error, fd;
367 	bool enable, gzip, list, netdump, zstd;
368 
369 	gzip = list = netdump = zstd = false;
370 	kdap = NULL;
371 	pubkeyfile = NULL;
372 	server = client = gateway = NULL;
373 
374 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "c:g:k:ls:vZz")) != -1)
375 		switch ((char)ch) {
376 		case 'c':
377 			client = optarg;
378 			break;
379 		case 'g':
380 			gateway = optarg;
381 			break;
382 		case 'k':
383 			pubkeyfile = optarg;
384 			break;
385 		case 'l':
386 			list = true;
387 			break;
388 		case 's':
389 			server = optarg;
390 			break;
391 		case 'v':
392 			verbose = 1;
393 			break;
394 		case 'Z':
395 			zstd = true;
396 			break;
397 		case 'z':
398 			gzip = true;
399 			break;
400 		default:
401 			usage();
402 		}
403 
404 	if (gzip && zstd)
405 		errx(EX_USAGE, "The -z and -Z options are mutually exclusive.");
406 
407 	argc -= optind;
408 	argv += optind;
409 
410 	if (list) {
411 		listdumpdev();
412 		exit(EX_OK);
413 	}
414 
415 	if (argc != 1)
416 		usage();
417 
418 #ifndef HAVE_CRYPTO
419 	if (pubkeyfile != NULL)
420 		errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE,"Unable to use the public key."
421 				    " Recompile dumpon with OpenSSL support.");
422 #endif
423 
424 	if (server != NULL && client != NULL) {
425 		enable = true;
426 		dev = _PATH_NETDUMP;
427 		netdump = true;
428 		kdap = &ndconf.ndc_kda;
429 	} else if (server == NULL && client == NULL && argc > 0) {
430 		enable = strcmp(argv[0], "off") != 0;
431 		dev = enable ? argv[0] : _PATH_DEVNULL;
432 		netdump = false;
433 		kdap = &_kda;
434 	} else
435 		usage();
436 
437 	fd = opendumpdev(dev, dumpdev);
438 	if (!netdump && !gzip)
439 		check_size(fd, dumpdev);
440 
441 	bzero(kdap, sizeof(*kdap));
442 	kdap->kda_enable = 0;
443 	if (ioctl(fd, DIOCSKERNELDUMP, kdap) != 0)
444 		err(EX_OSERR, "ioctl(DIOCSKERNELDUMP)");
445 	if (!enable)
446 		exit(EX_OK);
447 
448 	explicit_bzero(kdap, sizeof(*kdap));
449 	kdap->kda_enable = 1;
450 	kdap->kda_compression = KERNELDUMP_COMP_NONE;
451 	if (zstd)
452 		kdap->kda_compression = KERNELDUMP_COMP_ZSTD;
453 	else if (gzip)
454 		kdap->kda_compression = KERNELDUMP_COMP_GZIP;
455 
456 	if (netdump) {
457 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
458 		hints.ai_family = AF_INET;
459 		hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
460 		res = NULL;
461 		error = getaddrinfo(server, NULL, &hints, &res);
462 		if (error != 0)
463 			err(1, "%s", gai_strerror(error));
464 		if (res == NULL)
465 			errx(1, "failed to resolve '%s'", server);
466 		server = inet_ntoa(
467 		    ((struct sockaddr_in *)(void *)res->ai_addr)->sin_addr);
468 		freeaddrinfo(res);
469 
470 		if (strlcpy(ndconf.ndc_iface, argv[0],
471 		    sizeof(ndconf.ndc_iface)) >= sizeof(ndconf.ndc_iface))
472 			errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid interface name '%s'", argv[0]);
473 		if (inet_aton(server, &ndconf.ndc_server) == 0)
474 			errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid server address '%s'", server);
475 		if (inet_aton(client, &ndconf.ndc_client) == 0)
476 			errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid client address '%s'", client);
477 
478 		if (gateway == NULL) {
479 			gateway = find_gateway(argv[0]);
480 			if (gateway == NULL) {
481 				if (verbose)
482 					printf(
483 				    "failed to look up gateway for %s\n",
484 					    server);
485 				gateway = server;
486 			}
487 		}
488 		if (inet_aton(gateway, &ndconf.ndc_gateway) == 0)
489 			errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid gateway address '%s'", gateway);
490 
491 #ifdef HAVE_CRYPTO
492 		if (pubkeyfile != NULL)
493 			genkey(pubkeyfile, kdap);
494 #endif
495 		error = ioctl(fd, NETDUMPSCONF, &ndconf);
496 		if (error != 0)
497 			error = errno;
498 		explicit_bzero(kdap->kda_encryptedkey,
499 		    kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize);
500 		free(kdap->kda_encryptedkey);
501 		explicit_bzero(kdap, sizeof(*kdap));
502 		if (error != 0)
503 			errc(EX_OSERR, error, "ioctl(NETDUMPSCONF)");
504 	} else {
505 #ifdef HAVE_CRYPTO
506 		if (pubkeyfile != NULL)
507 			genkey(pubkeyfile, kdap);
508 #endif
509 		error = ioctl(fd, DIOCSKERNELDUMP, kdap);
510 		if (error != 0)
511 			error = errno;
512 		explicit_bzero(kdap->kda_encryptedkey,
513 		    kdap->kda_encryptedkeysize);
514 		free(kdap->kda_encryptedkey);
515 		explicit_bzero(kdap, sizeof(*kdap));
516 		if (error != 0)
517 			errc(EX_OSERR, error, "ioctl(DIOCSKERNELDUMP)");
518 	}
519 	if (verbose)
520 		printf("kernel dumps on %s\n", dumpdev);
521 
522 	exit(EX_OK);
523 }
524