xref: /freebsd/sbin/dump/tape.c (revision a0409676120c1e558d0ade943019934e0f15118d)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #ifndef lint
33 #if 0
34 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)tape.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 5/1/95";
35 #endif
36 static const char rcsid[] =
37   "$FreeBSD$";
38 #endif /* not lint */
39 
40 #include <sys/param.h>
41 #include <sys/socket.h>
42 #include <sys/wait.h>
43 #include <sys/stat.h>
44 
45 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
46 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
47 
48 #include <protocols/dumprestore.h>
49 
50 #include <assert.h>
51 #include <errno.h>
52 #include <fcntl.h>
53 #include <limits.h>
54 #include <setjmp.h>
55 #include <signal.h>
56 #include <stdio.h>
57 #include <stdlib.h>
58 #include <string.h>
59 #include <time.h>
60 #include <unistd.h>
61 
62 #include "dump.h"
63 
64 ino_t	curino;			/* current inumber; used globally */
65 int	newtape;		/* new tape flag */
66 union	u_spcl u_spcl;		/* mapping of variables in a control block */
67 
68 static	int tapefd;		/* tape file descriptor */
69 static	long asize;		/* number of 0.1" units written on cur tape */
70 static	int writesize;		/* size of malloc()ed buffer for tape */
71 static	int64_t lastspclrec = -1; /* tape block number of last written header */
72 static	int trecno = 0;		/* next record to write in current block */
73 static	long blocksthisvol;	/* number of blocks on current output file */
74 static	char *nexttape;
75 static	FILE *popenfp = NULL;
76 
77 static	int atomic(ssize_t (*)(), int, char *, int);
78 static	void worker(int, int);
79 static	void create_workers(void);
80 static	void flushtape(void);
81 static	void killall(void);
82 static	void rollforward(void);
83 
84 /*
85  * Concurrent dump mods (Caltech) - disk block reading and tape writing
86  * are exported to several worker processes.  While one worker writes the
87  * tape, the others read disk blocks; they pass control of the tape in
88  * a ring via signals. The parent process traverses the file system and
89  * sends writeheader()'s and lists of daddr's to the workers via pipes.
90  * The following structure defines the instruction packets sent to workers.
91  */
92 struct req {
93 	ufs2_daddr_t dblk;
94 	int count;
95 };
96 static int reqsiz;
97 
98 #define WORKERS 3		/* 1 worker writing, 1 reading, 1 for slack */
99 static struct worker {
100 	int64_t tapea;		/* header number at start of this chunk */
101 	int64_t firstrec;	/* record number of this block */
102 	int count;		/* count to next header (used for TS_TAPE */
103 				/* after EOT) */
104 	int inode;		/* inode that we are currently dealing with */
105 	int fd;			/* FD for this worker */
106 	int pid;		/* PID for this worker */
107 	int sent;		/* 1 == we've sent this worker requests */
108 	char (*tblock)[TP_BSIZE]; /* buffer for data blocks */
109 	struct req *req;	/* buffer for requests */
110 } workers[WORKERS+1];
111 static struct worker *wp;
112 
113 static char	(*nextblock)[TP_BSIZE];
114 
115 static int master;	/* pid of master, for sending error signals */
116 static int tenths;	/* length of tape used per block written */
117 static volatile sig_atomic_t caught; /* have we caught the signal to proceed? */
118 static volatile sig_atomic_t ready; /* reached the lock point without having */
119 			/* received the SIGUSR2 signal from the prev worker? */
120 static jmp_buf jmpbuf;	/* where to jump to if we are ready when the */
121 			/* SIGUSR2 arrives from the previous worker */
122 
123 int
124 alloctape(void)
125 {
126 	int pgoff = getpagesize() - 1;
127 	char *buf;
128 	int i;
129 
130 	writesize = ntrec * TP_BSIZE;
131 	reqsiz = (ntrec + 1) * sizeof(struct req);
132 	/*
133 	 * CDC 92181's and 92185's make 0.8" gaps in 1600-bpi start/stop mode
134 	 * (see DEC TU80 User's Guide).  The shorter gaps of 6250-bpi require
135 	 * repositioning after stopping, i.e, streaming mode, where the gap is
136 	 * variable, 0.30" to 0.45".  The gap is maximal when the tape stops.
137 	 */
138 	if (blocksperfile == 0 && !unlimited)
139 		tenths = writesize / density +
140 		    (cartridge ? 16 : density == 625 ? 5 : 8);
141 	/*
142 	 * Allocate tape buffer contiguous with the array of instruction
143 	 * packets, so flushtape() can write them together with one write().
144 	 * Align tape buffer on page boundary to speed up tape write().
145 	 */
146 	for (i = 0; i <= WORKERS; i++) {
147 		buf = (char *)
148 		    malloc((unsigned)(reqsiz + writesize + pgoff + TP_BSIZE));
149 		if (buf == NULL)
150 			return(0);
151 		workers[i].tblock = (char (*)[TP_BSIZE])
152 		    (((long)&buf[ntrec + 1] + pgoff) &~ pgoff);
153 		workers[i].req = (struct req *)workers[i].tblock - ntrec - 1;
154 	}
155 	wp = &workers[0];
156 	wp->count = 1;
157 	wp->tapea = 0;
158 	wp->firstrec = 0;
159 	nextblock = wp->tblock;
160 	return(1);
161 }
162 
163 void
164 writerec(char *dp, int isspcl)
165 {
166 
167 	wp->req[trecno].dblk = (ufs2_daddr_t)0;
168 	wp->req[trecno].count = 1;
169 	/* Can't do a structure assignment due to alignment problems */
170 	bcopy(dp, *(nextblock)++, sizeof (union u_spcl));
171 	if (isspcl)
172 		lastspclrec = spcl.c_tapea;
173 	trecno++;
174 	spcl.c_tapea++;
175 	if (trecno >= ntrec)
176 		flushtape();
177 }
178 
179 void
180 dumpblock(ufs2_daddr_t blkno, int size)
181 {
182 	int avail, tpblks;
183 	ufs2_daddr_t dblkno;
184 
185 	dblkno = fsbtodb(sblock, blkno);
186 	tpblks = size >> tp_bshift;
187 	while ((avail = MIN(tpblks, ntrec - trecno)) > 0) {
188 		wp->req[trecno].dblk = dblkno;
189 		wp->req[trecno].count = avail;
190 		trecno += avail;
191 		spcl.c_tapea += avail;
192 		if (trecno >= ntrec)
193 			flushtape();
194 		dblkno += avail << (tp_bshift - dev_bshift);
195 		tpblks -= avail;
196 	}
197 }
198 
199 int	nogripe = 0;
200 
201 void
202 tperror(int signo __unused)
203 {
204 
205 	if (pipeout) {
206 		msg("write error on %s\n", tape);
207 		quit("Cannot recover\n");
208 		/* NOTREACHED */
209 	}
210 	msg("write error %ld blocks into volume %d\n", blocksthisvol, tapeno);
211 	broadcast("DUMP WRITE ERROR!\n");
212 	if (!query("Do you want to restart?"))
213 		dumpabort(0);
214 	msg("Closing this volume.  Prepare to restart with new media;\n");
215 	msg("this dump volume will be rewritten.\n");
216 	killall();
217 	nogripe = 1;
218 	close_rewind();
219 	Exit(X_REWRITE);
220 }
221 
222 void
223 sigpipe(int signo __unused)
224 {
225 
226 	quit("Broken pipe\n");
227 }
228 
229 static void
230 flushtape(void)
231 {
232 	int i, blks, got;
233 	int64_t lastfirstrec;
234 
235 	int siz = (char *)nextblock - (char *)wp->req;
236 
237 	wp->req[trecno].count = 0;			/* Sentinel */
238 
239 	if (atomic(write, wp->fd, (char *)wp->req, siz) != siz)
240 		quit("error writing command pipe: %s\n", strerror(errno));
241 	wp->sent = 1; /* we sent a request, read the response later */
242 
243 	lastfirstrec = wp->firstrec;
244 
245 	if (++wp >= &workers[WORKERS])
246 		wp = &workers[0];
247 
248 	/* Read results back from next worker */
249 	if (wp->sent) {
250 		if (atomic(read, wp->fd, (char *)&got, sizeof got)
251 		    != sizeof got) {
252 			perror("  DUMP: error reading command pipe in master");
253 			dumpabort(0);
254 		}
255 		wp->sent = 0;
256 
257 		/* Check for end of tape */
258 		if (got < writesize) {
259 			msg("End of tape detected\n");
260 
261 			/*
262 			 * Drain the results, don't care what the values were.
263 			 * If we read them here then trewind won't...
264 			 */
265 			for (i = 0; i < WORKERS; i++) {
266 				if (workers[i].sent) {
267 					if (atomic(read, workers[i].fd,
268 					    (char *)&got, sizeof got)
269 					    != sizeof got) {
270 						perror("  DUMP: error reading command pipe in master");
271 						dumpabort(0);
272 					}
273 					workers[i].sent = 0;
274 				}
275 			}
276 
277 			close_rewind();
278 			rollforward();
279 			return;
280 		}
281 	}
282 
283 	blks = 0;
284 	if (spcl.c_type != TS_END && spcl.c_type != TS_CLRI &&
285 	    spcl.c_type != TS_BITS) {
286 		assert(spcl.c_count <= TP_NINDIR);
287 		for (i = 0; i < spcl.c_count; i++)
288 			if (spcl.c_addr[i] != 0)
289 				blks++;
290 	}
291 	wp->count = lastspclrec + blks + 1 - spcl.c_tapea;
292 	wp->tapea = spcl.c_tapea;
293 	wp->firstrec = lastfirstrec + ntrec;
294 	wp->inode = curino;
295 	nextblock = wp->tblock;
296 	trecno = 0;
297 	asize += tenths;
298 	blockswritten += ntrec;
299 	blocksthisvol += ntrec;
300 	if (!pipeout && !unlimited && (blocksperfile ?
301 	    (blocksthisvol >= blocksperfile) : (asize > tsize))) {
302 		close_rewind();
303 		startnewtape(0);
304 	}
305 	timeest();
306 }
307 
308 void
309 trewind(void)
310 {
311 	struct stat sb;
312 	int f;
313 	int got;
314 
315 	for (f = 0; f < WORKERS; f++) {
316 		/*
317 		 * Drain the results, but unlike EOT we DO (or should) care
318 		 * what the return values were, since if we detect EOT after
319 		 * we think we've written the last blocks to the tape anyway,
320 		 * we have to replay those blocks with rollforward.
321 		 *
322 		 * fixme: punt for now.
323 		 */
324 		if (workers[f].sent) {
325 			if (atomic(read, workers[f].fd, (char *)&got, sizeof got)
326 			    != sizeof got) {
327 				perror("  DUMP: error reading command pipe in master");
328 				dumpabort(0);
329 			}
330 			workers[f].sent = 0;
331 			if (got != writesize) {
332 				msg("EOT detected in last 2 tape records!\n");
333 				msg("Use a longer tape, decrease the size estimate\n");
334 				quit("or use no size estimate at all.\n");
335 			}
336 		}
337 		(void) close(workers[f].fd);
338 	}
339 	while (wait((int *)NULL) >= 0)	/* wait for any signals from workers */
340 		/* void */;
341 
342 	if (pipeout)
343 		return;
344 
345 	msg("Closing %s\n", tape);
346 
347 	if (popenout) {
348 		tapefd = -1;
349 		(void)pclose(popenfp);
350 		popenfp = NULL;
351 		return;
352 	}
353 #ifdef RDUMP
354 	if (host) {
355 		rmtclose();
356 		while (rmtopen(tape, 0) < 0)
357 			sleep(10);
358 		rmtclose();
359 		return;
360 	}
361 #endif
362 	if (fstat(tapefd, &sb) == 0 && S_ISFIFO(sb.st_mode)) {
363 		(void)close(tapefd);
364 		return;
365 	}
366 	(void) close(tapefd);
367 	while ((f = open(tape, 0)) < 0)
368 		sleep (10);
369 	(void) close(f);
370 }
371 
372 void
373 close_rewind()
374 {
375 	time_t tstart_changevol, tend_changevol;
376 
377 	trewind();
378 	if (nexttape)
379 		return;
380 	(void)time((time_t *)&(tstart_changevol));
381 	if (!nogripe) {
382 		msg("Change Volumes: Mount volume #%d\n", tapeno+1);
383 		broadcast("CHANGE DUMP VOLUMES!\a\a\n");
384 	}
385 	while (!query("Is the new volume mounted and ready to go?"))
386 		if (query("Do you want to abort?")) {
387 			dumpabort(0);
388 			/*NOTREACHED*/
389 		}
390 	(void)time((time_t *)&(tend_changevol));
391 	if ((tstart_changevol != (time_t)-1) && (tend_changevol != (time_t)-1))
392 		tstart_writing += (tend_changevol - tstart_changevol);
393 }
394 
395 void
396 rollforward(void)
397 {
398 	struct req *p, *q, *prev;
399 	struct worker *twp;
400 	int i, size, got;
401 	int64_t savedtapea;
402 	union u_spcl *ntb, *otb;
403 	twp = &workers[WORKERS];
404 	ntb = (union u_spcl *)twp->tblock[1];
405 
406 	/*
407 	 * Each of the N workers should have requests that need to
408 	 * be replayed on the next tape.  Use the extra worker buffers
409 	 * (workers[WORKERS]) to construct request lists to be sent to
410 	 * each worker in turn.
411 	 */
412 	for (i = 0; i < WORKERS; i++) {
413 		q = &twp->req[1];
414 		otb = (union u_spcl *)wp->tblock;
415 
416 		/*
417 		 * For each request in the current worker, copy it to twp.
418 		 */
419 
420 		prev = NULL;
421 		for (p = wp->req; p->count > 0; p += p->count) {
422 			*q = *p;
423 			if (p->dblk == 0)
424 				*ntb++ = *otb++; /* copy the datablock also */
425 			prev = q;
426 			q += q->count;
427 		}
428 		if (prev == NULL)
429 			quit("rollforward: protocol botch");
430 		if (prev->dblk != 0)
431 			prev->count -= 1;
432 		else
433 			ntb--;
434 		q -= 1;
435 		q->count = 0;
436 		q = &twp->req[0];
437 		if (i == 0) {
438 			q->dblk = 0;
439 			q->count = 1;
440 			trecno = 0;
441 			nextblock = twp->tblock;
442 			savedtapea = spcl.c_tapea;
443 			spcl.c_tapea = wp->tapea;
444 			startnewtape(0);
445 			spcl.c_tapea = savedtapea;
446 			lastspclrec = savedtapea - 1;
447 		}
448 		size = (char *)ntb - (char *)q;
449 		if (atomic(write, wp->fd, (char *)q, size) != size) {
450 			perror("  DUMP: error writing command pipe");
451 			dumpabort(0);
452 		}
453 		wp->sent = 1;
454 		if (++wp >= &workers[WORKERS])
455 			wp = &workers[0];
456 
457 		q->count = 1;
458 
459 		if (prev->dblk != 0) {
460 			/*
461 			 * If the last one was a disk block, make the
462 			 * first of this one be the last bit of that disk
463 			 * block...
464 			 */
465 			q->dblk = prev->dblk +
466 				prev->count * (TP_BSIZE / DEV_BSIZE);
467 			ntb = (union u_spcl *)twp->tblock;
468 		} else {
469 			/*
470 			 * It wasn't a disk block.  Copy the data to its
471 			 * new location in the buffer.
472 			 */
473 			q->dblk = 0;
474 			*((union u_spcl *)twp->tblock) = *ntb;
475 			ntb = (union u_spcl *)twp->tblock[1];
476 		}
477 	}
478 	wp->req[0] = *q;
479 	nextblock = wp->tblock;
480 	if (q->dblk == 0)
481 		nextblock++;
482 	trecno = 1;
483 
484 	/*
485 	 * Clear the first workers' response.  One hopes that it
486 	 * worked ok, otherwise the tape is much too short!
487 	 */
488 	if (wp->sent) {
489 		if (atomic(read, wp->fd, (char *)&got, sizeof got)
490 		    != sizeof got) {
491 			perror("  DUMP: error reading command pipe in master");
492 			dumpabort(0);
493 		}
494 		wp->sent = 0;
495 
496 		if (got != writesize) {
497 			quit("EOT detected at start of the tape!\n");
498 		}
499 	}
500 }
501 
502 /*
503  * We implement taking and restoring checkpoints on the tape level.
504  * When each tape is opened, a new process is created by forking; this
505  * saves all of the necessary context in the parent.  The child
506  * continues the dump; the parent waits around, saving the context.
507  * If the child returns X_REWRITE, then it had problems writing that tape;
508  * this causes the parent to fork again, duplicating the context, and
509  * everything continues as if nothing had happened.
510  */
511 void
512 startnewtape(int top)
513 {
514 	int	parentpid;
515 	int	childpid;
516 	int	status;
517 	char	*p;
518 	sig_t	interrupt_save;
519 
520 	interrupt_save = signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
521 	parentpid = getpid();
522 
523 restore_check_point:
524 	(void)signal(SIGINT, interrupt_save);
525 	/*
526 	 *	All signals are inherited...
527 	 */
528 	setproctitle(NULL);	/* Restore the proctitle. */
529 	childpid = fork();
530 	if (childpid < 0) {
531 		msg("Context save fork fails in parent %d\n", parentpid);
532 		Exit(X_ABORT);
533 	}
534 	if (childpid != 0) {
535 		/*
536 		 *	PARENT:
537 		 *	save the context by waiting
538 		 *	until the child doing all of the work returns.
539 		 *	don't catch the interrupt
540 		 */
541 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
542 #ifdef TDEBUG
543 		msg("Tape: %d; parent process: %d child process %d\n",
544 			tapeno+1, parentpid, childpid);
545 #endif /* TDEBUG */
546 		if (waitpid(childpid, &status, 0) == -1)
547 			msg("Waiting for child %d: %s\n", childpid,
548 			    strerror(errno));
549 		if (status & 0xFF) {
550 			msg("Child %d returns LOB status %o\n",
551 				childpid, status&0xFF);
552 		}
553 		status = (status >> 8) & 0xFF;
554 #ifdef TDEBUG
555 		switch(status) {
556 			case X_FINOK:
557 				msg("Child %d finishes X_FINOK\n", childpid);
558 				break;
559 			case X_ABORT:
560 				msg("Child %d finishes X_ABORT\n", childpid);
561 				break;
562 			case X_REWRITE:
563 				msg("Child %d finishes X_REWRITE\n", childpid);
564 				break;
565 			default:
566 				msg("Child %d finishes unknown %d\n",
567 					childpid, status);
568 				break;
569 		}
570 #endif /* TDEBUG */
571 		switch(status) {
572 			case X_FINOK:
573 				Exit(X_FINOK);
574 			case X_ABORT:
575 				Exit(X_ABORT);
576 			case X_REWRITE:
577 				goto restore_check_point;
578 			default:
579 				msg("Bad return code from dump: %d\n", status);
580 				Exit(X_ABORT);
581 		}
582 		/*NOTREACHED*/
583 	} else {	/* we are the child; just continue */
584 #ifdef TDEBUG
585 		sleep(4);	/* allow time for parent's message to get out */
586 		msg("Child on Tape %d has parent %d, my pid = %d\n",
587 			tapeno+1, parentpid, getpid());
588 #endif /* TDEBUG */
589 		/*
590 		 * If we have a name like "/dev/rmt0,/dev/rmt1",
591 		 * use the name before the comma first, and save
592 		 * the remaining names for subsequent volumes.
593 		 */
594 		tapeno++;               /* current tape sequence */
595 		if (nexttape || strchr(tape, ',')) {
596 			if (nexttape && *nexttape)
597 				tape = nexttape;
598 			if ((p = strchr(tape, ',')) != NULL) {
599 				*p = '\0';
600 				nexttape = p + 1;
601 			} else
602 				nexttape = NULL;
603 			msg("Dumping volume %d on %s\n", tapeno, tape);
604 		}
605 		if (pipeout) {
606 			tapefd = STDOUT_FILENO;
607 		} else if (popenout) {
608 			char volno[sizeof("2147483647")];
609 
610 			(void)sprintf(volno, "%d", spcl.c_volume + 1);
611 			if (setenv("DUMP_VOLUME", volno, 1) == -1) {
612 				msg("Cannot set $DUMP_VOLUME.\n");
613 				dumpabort(0);
614 			}
615 			popenfp = popen(popenout, "w");
616 			if (popenfp == NULL) {
617 				msg("Cannot open output pipeline \"%s\".\n",
618 				    popenout);
619 				dumpabort(0);
620 			}
621 			tapefd = fileno(popenfp);
622 		} else {
623 #ifdef RDUMP
624 			while ((tapefd = (host ? rmtopen(tape, 2) :
625 				open(tape, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT, 0666))) < 0)
626 #else
627 			while ((tapefd =
628 			    open(tape, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT, 0666)) < 0)
629 #endif
630 			    {
631 				msg("Cannot open output \"%s\".\n", tape);
632 				if (!query("Do you want to retry the open?"))
633 					dumpabort(0);
634 			}
635 		}
636 
637 		create_workers();  /* Share open tape file descriptor with workers */
638 		if (popenout)
639 			close(tapefd);	/* Give up our copy of it. */
640 		signal(SIGINFO, infosch);
641 
642 		asize = 0;
643 		blocksthisvol = 0;
644 		if (top)
645 			newtape++;		/* new tape signal */
646 		spcl.c_count = wp->count;
647 		/*
648 		 * measure firstrec in TP_BSIZE units since restore doesn't
649 		 * know the correct ntrec value...
650 		 */
651 		spcl.c_firstrec = wp->firstrec;
652 		spcl.c_volume++;
653 		spcl.c_type = TS_TAPE;
654 		writeheader((ino_t)wp->inode);
655 		if (tapeno > 1)
656 			msg("Volume %d begins with blocks from inode %d\n",
657 				tapeno, wp->inode);
658 	}
659 }
660 
661 void
662 dumpabort(int signo __unused)
663 {
664 
665 	if (master != 0 && master != getpid())
666 		/* Signals master to call dumpabort */
667 		(void) kill(master, SIGTERM);
668 	else {
669 		killall();
670 		msg("The ENTIRE dump is aborted.\n");
671 	}
672 #ifdef RDUMP
673 	rmtclose();
674 #endif
675 	Exit(X_ABORT);
676 }
677 
678 void
679 Exit(status)
680 	int status;
681 {
682 
683 #ifdef TDEBUG
684 	msg("pid = %d exits with status %d\n", getpid(), status);
685 #endif /* TDEBUG */
686 	exit(status);
687 }
688 
689 /*
690  * proceed - handler for SIGUSR2, used to synchronize IO between the workers.
691  */
692 void
693 proceed(int signo __unused)
694 {
695 
696 	if (ready)
697 		longjmp(jmpbuf, 1);
698 	caught++;
699 }
700 
701 void
702 create_workers(void)
703 {
704 	int cmd[2];
705 	int i, j;
706 
707 	master = getpid();
708 
709 	signal(SIGTERM, dumpabort);  /* Worker sends SIGTERM on dumpabort() */
710 	signal(SIGPIPE, sigpipe);
711 	signal(SIGUSR1, tperror);    /* Worker sends SIGUSR1 on tape errors */
712 	signal(SIGUSR2, proceed);    /* Worker sends SIGUSR2 to next worker */
713 
714 	for (i = 0; i < WORKERS; i++) {
715 		if (i == wp - &workers[0]) {
716 			caught = 1;
717 		} else {
718 			caught = 0;
719 		}
720 
721 		if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, cmd) < 0 ||
722 		    (workers[i].pid = fork()) < 0)
723 			quit("too many workers, %d (recompile smaller): %s\n",
724 			    i, strerror(errno));
725 
726 		workers[i].fd = cmd[1];
727 		workers[i].sent = 0;
728 		if (workers[i].pid == 0) { 	    /* Worker starts up here */
729 			for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
730 			        (void) close(workers[j].fd);
731 			signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);    /* Master handles this */
732 			worker(cmd[0], i);
733 			Exit(X_FINOK);
734 		}
735 	}
736 
737 	for (i = 0; i < WORKERS; i++)
738 		(void) atomic(write, workers[i].fd,
739 			      (char *) &workers[(i + 1) % WORKERS].pid,
740 		              sizeof workers[0].pid);
741 
742 	master = 0;
743 }
744 
745 void
746 killall(void)
747 {
748 	int i;
749 
750 	for (i = 0; i < WORKERS; i++)
751 		if (workers[i].pid > 0) {
752 			(void) kill(workers[i].pid, SIGKILL);
753 			workers[i].sent = 0;
754 		}
755 }
756 
757 /*
758  * Synchronization - each process has a lockfile, and shares file
759  * descriptors to the following process's lockfile.  When our write
760  * completes, we release our lock on the following process's lock-
761  * file, allowing the following process to lock it and proceed. We
762  * get the lock back for the next cycle by swapping descriptors.
763  */
764 static void
765 worker(int cmd, int worker_number)
766 {
767 	int nread;
768 	int nextworker, size, wrote, eot_count;
769 
770 	/*
771 	 * Need our own seek pointer.
772 	 */
773 	(void) close(diskfd);
774 	if ((diskfd = open(disk, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
775 		quit("worker couldn't reopen disk: %s\n", strerror(errno));
776 
777 	/*
778 	 * Need the pid of the next worker in the loop...
779 	 */
780 	if ((nread = atomic(read, cmd, (char *)&nextworker, sizeof nextworker))
781 	    != sizeof nextworker) {
782 		quit("master/worker protocol botched - didn't get pid of next worker.\n");
783 	}
784 
785 	/*
786 	 * Get list of blocks to dump, read the blocks into tape buffer
787 	 */
788 	while ((nread = atomic(read, cmd, (char *)wp->req, reqsiz)) == reqsiz) {
789 		struct req *p = wp->req;
790 
791 		for (trecno = 0; trecno < ntrec;
792 		     trecno += p->count, p += p->count) {
793 			if (p->dblk) {
794 				blkread(p->dblk, wp->tblock[trecno],
795 					p->count * TP_BSIZE);
796 			} else {
797 				if (p->count != 1 || atomic(read, cmd,
798 				    (char *)wp->tblock[trecno],
799 				    TP_BSIZE) != TP_BSIZE)
800 				       quit("master/worker protocol botched.\n");
801 			}
802 		}
803 		if (setjmp(jmpbuf) == 0) {
804 			ready = 1;
805 			if (!caught)
806 				(void) pause();
807 		}
808 		ready = 0;
809 		caught = 0;
810 
811 		/* Try to write the data... */
812 		eot_count = 0;
813 		size = 0;
814 
815 		wrote = 0;
816 		while (eot_count < 10 && size < writesize) {
817 #ifdef RDUMP
818 			if (host)
819 				wrote = rmtwrite(wp->tblock[0]+size,
820 				    writesize-size);
821 			else
822 #endif
823 				wrote = write(tapefd, wp->tblock[0]+size,
824 				    writesize-size);
825 #ifdef WRITEDEBUG
826 			printf("worker %d wrote %d\n", worker_number, wrote);
827 #endif
828 			if (wrote < 0)
829 				break;
830 			if (wrote == 0)
831 				eot_count++;
832 			size += wrote;
833 		}
834 
835 #ifdef WRITEDEBUG
836 		if (size != writesize)
837 		 printf("worker %d only wrote %d out of %d bytes and gave up.\n",
838 		     worker_number, size, writesize);
839 #endif
840 
841 		/*
842 		 * Handle ENOSPC as an EOT condition.
843 		 */
844 		if (wrote < 0 && errno == ENOSPC) {
845 			wrote = 0;
846 			eot_count++;
847 		}
848 
849 		if (eot_count > 0)
850 			size = 0;
851 
852 		if (wrote < 0) {
853 			(void) kill(master, SIGUSR1);
854 			for (;;)
855 				(void) sigpause(0);
856 		} else {
857 			/*
858 			 * pass size of write back to master
859 			 * (for EOT handling)
860 			 */
861 			(void) atomic(write, cmd, (char *)&size, sizeof size);
862 		}
863 
864 		/*
865 		 * If partial write, don't want next worker to go.
866 		 * Also jolts him awake.
867 		 */
868 		(void) kill(nextworker, SIGUSR2);
869 	}
870 	if (nread != 0)
871 		quit("error reading command pipe: %s\n", strerror(errno));
872 }
873 
874 /*
875  * Since a read from a pipe may not return all we asked for,
876  * or a write may not write all we ask if we get a signal,
877  * loop until the count is satisfied (or error).
878  */
879 static int
880 atomic(ssize_t (*func)(), int fd, char *buf, int count)
881 {
882 	int got, need = count;
883 
884 	while ((got = (*func)(fd, buf, need)) > 0 && (need -= got) > 0)
885 		buf += got;
886 	return (got < 0 ? got : count - need);
887 }
888