xref: /freebsd/sbin/devmatch/devmatch.c (revision f81cdf24ba5436367377f7c8e8f51f6df2a75ca7)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2017 Netflix, Inc.
3  *
4  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
6  * are met:
7  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12  *
13  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
14  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
16  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
17  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
18  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
19  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
20  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
21  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
22  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
23  * SUCH DAMAGE.
24  */
25 
26 #include <sys/param.h>
27 #include <ctype.h>
28 #include <devinfo.h>
29 #include <err.h>
30 #include <errno.h>
31 #include <fcntl.h>
32 #include <getopt.h>
33 #include <stdio.h>
34 #include <stdlib.h>
35 #include <string.h>
36 #include <sysexits.h>
37 #include <unistd.h>
38 #include <sys/linker.h>
39 #include <sys/module.h>
40 #include <sys/stat.h>
41 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
42 
43 /* options descriptor */
44 static struct option longopts[] = {
45 	{ "all",		no_argument,		NULL,	'a' },
46 	{ "dump",		no_argument,		NULL,	'd' },
47 	{ "hints",		required_argument,	NULL,	'h' },
48 	{ "nomatch",		required_argument,	NULL,	'p' },
49 	{ "quiet",		no_argument,		NULL,	'q' },
50 	{ "unbound",		no_argument,		NULL,	'u' },
51 	{ "verbose",		no_argument,		NULL,	'v' },
52 	{ NULL,			0,			NULL,	0 }
53 };
54 
55 #define	DEVMATCH_MAX_HITS 256
56 
57 static int all_flag;
58 static int dump_flag;
59 static char *linker_hints;
60 static char *nomatch_str;
61 static int quiet_flag;
62 static int unbound_flag;
63 static int verbose_flag;
64 
65 static void *hints;
66 static void *hints_end;
67 static struct devinfo_dev *root;
68 
69 static void *
70 read_hints(const char *fn, size_t *len)
71 {
72 	void *h;
73 	int fd;
74 	struct stat sb;
75 
76 	fd = open(fn, O_RDONLY);
77 	if (fd < 0) {
78 		if (errno == ENOENT)
79 			return NULL;
80 		err(1, "Can't open %s for reading", fn);
81 	}
82 	if (fstat(fd, &sb) != 0)
83 		err(1, "Can't fstat %s\n", fn);
84 	h = malloc(sb.st_size);
85 	if (h == NULL)
86 		err(1, "not enough space to read hints file of %ju bytes", (uintmax_t)sb.st_size);
87 	if (read(fd, h, sb.st_size) != sb.st_size)
88 		err(1, "Can't read in %ju bytes from %s", (uintmax_t)sb.st_size, fn);
89 	close(fd);
90 	*len = sb.st_size;
91 	return h;
92 }
93 
94 static void
95 read_linker_hints(void)
96 {
97 	char fn[MAXPATHLEN];
98 	char *modpath, *p, *q;
99 	size_t buflen, len;
100 
101 	if (linker_hints == NULL) {
102 		if (sysctlbyname("kern.module_path", NULL, &buflen, NULL, 0) < 0)
103 			errx(1, "Can't find kernel module path.");
104 		modpath = malloc(buflen);
105 		if (modpath == NULL)
106 			err(1, "Can't get memory for modpath.");
107 		if (sysctlbyname("kern.module_path", modpath, &buflen, NULL, 0) < 0)
108 			errx(1, "Can't find kernel module path.");
109 		p = modpath;
110 		while ((q = strsep(&p, ";")) != NULL) {
111 			snprintf(fn, sizeof(fn), "%s/linker.hints", q);
112 			hints = read_hints(fn, &len);
113 			if (hints == NULL)
114 				continue;
115 			break;
116 		}
117 		if (q == NULL) {
118 			if (quiet_flag)
119 				exit(EX_UNAVAILABLE);
120 			else
121 				errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "Can't read linker hints file.");
122 		}
123 	} else {
124 		hints = read_hints(linker_hints, &len);
125 		if (hints == NULL)
126 			err(1, "Can't open %s for reading", fn);
127 	}
128 
129 	if (*(int *)(intptr_t)hints != LINKER_HINTS_VERSION) {
130 		warnx("Linker hints version %d doesn't match expected %d.",
131 		    *(int *)(intptr_t)hints, LINKER_HINTS_VERSION);
132 		free(hints);
133 		hints = NULL;
134 	}
135 	if (hints != NULL)
136 		hints_end = (void *)((intptr_t)hints + (intptr_t)len);
137 }
138 
139 static int
140 getint(void **ptr)
141 {
142 	int *p = *ptr;
143 	int rv;
144 
145 	p = (int *)roundup2((intptr_t)p, sizeof(int));
146 	rv = *p++;
147 	*ptr = p;
148 	return rv;
149 }
150 
151 static void
152 getstr(void **ptr, char *val)
153 {
154 	int *p = *ptr;
155 	char *c = (char *)p;
156 	int len = *(uint8_t *)c;
157 
158 	memcpy(val, c + 1, len);
159 	val[len] = 0;
160 	c += len + 1;
161 	*ptr = (void *)c;
162 }
163 
164 static int
165 pnpval_as_int(const char *val, const char *pnpinfo)
166 {
167 	int rv;
168 	char key[256];
169 	char *cp;
170 
171 	if (pnpinfo == NULL)
172 		return -1;
173 
174 	cp = strchr(val, ';');
175 	key[0] = ' ';
176 	if (cp == NULL)
177 		strlcpy(key + 1, val, sizeof(key) - 1);
178 	else {
179 		memcpy(key + 1, val, cp - val);
180 		key[cp - val + 1] = '\0';
181 	}
182 	strlcat(key, "=", sizeof(key));
183 	if (strncmp(key + 1, pnpinfo, strlen(key + 1)) == 0)
184 		rv = strtol(pnpinfo + strlen(key + 1), NULL, 0);
185 	else {
186 		cp = strstr(pnpinfo, key);
187 		if (cp == NULL)
188 			rv = -1;
189 		else
190 			rv = strtol(cp + strlen(key), NULL, 0);
191 	}
192 	return rv;
193 }
194 
195 static void
196 quoted_strcpy(char *dst, const char *src)
197 {
198 	char q = ' ';
199 
200 	if (*src == '\'' || *src == '"')
201 		q = *src++;
202 	while (*src && *src != q)
203 		*dst++ = *src++; // XXX backtick quoting
204 	*dst++ = '\0';
205 	// XXX overflow
206 }
207 
208 static char *
209 pnpval_as_str(const char *val, const char *pnpinfo)
210 {
211 	static char retval[256];
212 	char key[256];
213 	char *cp;
214 
215 	if (pnpinfo == NULL) {
216 		*retval = '\0';
217 		return retval;
218 	}
219 
220 	cp = strchr(val, ';');
221 	key[0] = ' ';
222 	if (cp == NULL)
223 		strlcpy(key + 1, val, sizeof(key) - 1);
224 	else {
225 		memcpy(key + 1, val, cp - val);
226 		key[cp - val + 1] = '\0';
227 	}
228 	strlcat(key, "=", sizeof(key));
229 	if (strncmp(key + 1, pnpinfo, strlen(key + 1)) == 0)
230 		quoted_strcpy(retval, pnpinfo + strlen(key + 1));
231 	else {
232 		cp = strstr(pnpinfo, key);
233 		if (cp == NULL)
234 			strcpy(retval, "MISSING");
235 		else
236 			quoted_strcpy(retval, cp + strlen(key));
237 	}
238 	return retval;
239 }
240 
241 static void
242 search_hints(const char *bus, const char *dev, const char *pnpinfo)
243 {
244 	char val1[256], val2[256];
245 	int ival, len, ents, i, notme, mask, bit, v, found;
246 	void *ptr, *walker;
247 	char *lastmod = NULL, *cp, *s;
248 
249 	walker = hints;
250 	getint(&walker);
251 	found = 0;
252 	if (verbose_flag)
253 		printf("Searching bus %s dev %s for pnpinfo %s\n",
254 		    bus, dev, pnpinfo);
255 	while (walker < hints_end) {
256 		len = getint(&walker);
257 		ival = getint(&walker);
258 		ptr = walker;
259 		switch (ival) {
260 		case MDT_VERSION:
261 			getstr(&ptr, val1);
262 			ival = getint(&ptr);
263 			getstr(&ptr, val2);
264 			if (dump_flag || verbose_flag)
265 				printf("Version: if %s.%d kmod %s\n", val1, ival, val2);
266 			break;
267 		case MDT_MODULE:
268 			getstr(&ptr, val1);
269 			getstr(&ptr, val2);
270 			if (lastmod)
271 				free(lastmod);
272 			lastmod = strdup(val2);
273 			if (dump_flag || verbose_flag)
274 				printf("Module %s in %s\n", val1, val2);
275 			break;
276 		case MDT_PNP_INFO:
277 			if (!dump_flag && !unbound_flag && lastmod && strcmp(lastmod, "kernel") == 0)
278 				break;
279 			getstr(&ptr, val1);
280 			getstr(&ptr, val2);
281 			ents = getint(&ptr);
282 			if (dump_flag || verbose_flag)
283 				printf("PNP info for bus %s format %s %d entries (%s)\n",
284 				    val1, val2, ents, lastmod);
285 			if (strcmp(val1, "usb") == 0) {
286 				if (verbose_flag)
287 					printf("Treating usb as uhub -- bug in source table still?\n");
288 				strcpy(val1, "uhub");
289 			}
290 			if (bus && strcmp(val1, bus) != 0) {
291 				if (verbose_flag)
292 					printf("Skipped because table for bus %s, looking for %s\n",
293 					    val1, bus);
294 				break;
295 			}
296 			for (i = 0; i < ents; i++) {
297 				if (verbose_flag)
298 					printf("---------- Entry %d ----------\n", i);
299 				if (dump_flag)
300 					printf("   ");
301 				cp = val2;
302 				notme = 0;
303 				mask = -1;
304 				bit = -1;
305 				do {
306 					switch (*cp) {
307 						/* All integer fields */
308 					case 'I':
309 					case 'J':
310 					case 'G':
311 					case 'L':
312 					case 'M':
313 						ival = getint(&ptr);
314 						if (dump_flag) {
315 							printf("%#x:", ival);
316 							break;
317 						}
318 						if (bit >= 0 && ((1 << bit) & mask) == 0)
319 							break;
320 						if (cp[2] == '#') {
321 							if (verbose_flag) {
322 								printf("Ignoring %s (%c) table=%#x tomatch=%#x\n",
323 								    cp + 2, *cp, v, ival);
324 							}
325 							break;
326 						}
327 						v = pnpval_as_int(cp + 2, pnpinfo);
328 						if (verbose_flag)
329 							printf("Matching %s (%c) table=%#x tomatch=%#x\n",
330 							    cp + 2, *cp, v, ival);
331 						switch (*cp) {
332 						case 'J':
333 							if (ival == -1)
334 								break;
335 							/*FALLTHROUGH*/
336 						case 'I':
337 							if (v != ival)
338 								notme++;
339 							break;
340 						case 'G':
341 							if (v < ival)
342 								notme++;
343 							break;
344 						case 'L':
345 							if (v > ival)
346 								notme++;
347 							break;
348 						case 'M':
349 							mask = ival;
350 							break;
351 						}
352 						break;
353 						/* String fields */
354 					case 'D':
355 					case 'Z':
356 						getstr(&ptr, val1);
357 						if (dump_flag) {
358 							printf("'%s':", val1);
359 							break;
360 						}
361 						if (*cp == 'D')
362 							break;
363 						if (bit >= 0 && ((1 << bit) & mask) == 0)
364 							break;
365 						if (cp[2] == '#') {
366 							if (verbose_flag) {
367 								printf("Ignoring %s (%c) table=%#x tomatch=%#x\n",
368 								    cp + 2, *cp, v, ival);
369 							}
370 							break;
371 						}
372 						s = pnpval_as_str(cp + 2, pnpinfo);
373 						if (verbose_flag)
374 							printf("Matching %s (%c) table=%s tomatch=%s\n",
375 							    cp + 2, *cp, s, val1);
376 						if (strcmp(s, val1) != 0)
377 							notme++;
378 						break;
379 						/* Key override fields, required to be last in the string */
380 					case 'T':
381 						/*
382 						 * This is imperfect and only does one key and will be redone
383 						 * to be more general for multiple keys. Currently, nothing
384 						 * does that.
385 						 */
386 						if (dump_flag)				/* No per-row data stored */
387 							break;
388 						if (cp[strlen(cp) - 1] == ';')		/* Skip required ; at end */
389 							cp[strlen(cp) - 1] = '\0';	/* in case it's not there */
390 						if ((s = strstr(pnpinfo, cp + 2)) == NULL)
391 							notme++;
392 						else if (s > pnpinfo && s[-1] != ' ')
393 							notme++;
394 						break;
395 					default:
396 						fprintf(stderr, "Unknown field type %c\n:", *cp);
397 						break;
398 					}
399 					bit++;
400 					cp = strchr(cp, ';');
401 					if (cp)
402 						cp++;
403 				} while (cp && *cp);
404 				if (dump_flag)
405 					printf("\n");
406 				else if (!notme) {
407 					if (!unbound_flag) {
408 						if (all_flag)
409 							printf("%s: %s", *dev ? dev : "unattached", lastmod);
410 						else
411 							printf("%s\n", lastmod);
412 						if (verbose_flag)
413 							printf("Matches --- %s ---\n", lastmod);
414 					}
415 					found++;
416 				}
417 			}
418 			break;
419 		default:
420 			if (dump_flag)
421 				printf("Unknown Type %d len %d\n", ival, len);
422 			break;
423 		}
424 		walker = (void *)(len - sizeof(int) + (intptr_t)walker);
425 	}
426 	if (unbound_flag && found == 0 && *pnpinfo) {
427 		if (verbose_flag)
428 			printf("------------------------- ");
429 		printf("%s on %s pnpinfo %s", *dev ? dev : "unattached", bus, pnpinfo);
430 		if (verbose_flag)
431 			printf(" -------------------------");
432 		printf("\n");
433 	}
434 	free(lastmod);
435 }
436 
437 static int
438 find_unmatched(struct devinfo_dev *dev, void *arg)
439 {
440 	struct devinfo_dev *parent;
441 	char *bus, *p;
442 
443 	do {
444 		if (!all_flag && dev->dd_name[0] != '\0')
445 			break;
446 		if (!(dev->dd_flags & DF_ENABLED))
447 			break;
448 		if (dev->dd_flags & DF_ATTACHED_ONCE)
449 			break;
450 		parent = devinfo_handle_to_device(dev->dd_parent);
451 		bus = strdup(parent->dd_name);
452 		p = bus + strlen(bus) - 1;
453 		while (p >= bus && isdigit(*p))
454 			p--;
455 		*++p = '\0';
456 		if (verbose_flag)
457 			printf("Searching %s %s bus at %s for pnpinfo %s\n",
458 			    dev->dd_name, bus, dev->dd_location, dev->dd_pnpinfo);
459 		search_hints(bus, dev->dd_name, dev->dd_pnpinfo);
460 		free(bus);
461 	} while (0);
462 
463 	return (devinfo_foreach_device_child(dev, find_unmatched, arg));
464 }
465 
466 struct exact_info
467 {
468 	const char *bus;
469 	const char *loc;
470 	struct devinfo_dev *dev;
471 };
472 
473 /*
474  * Look for the exact location specified by the nomatch event.  The
475  * loc and pnpinfo run together to get the string we're looking for,
476  * so we have to synthesize the same thing that subr_bus.c is
477  * generating in devnomatch/devaddq to do the string comparison.
478  */
479 static int
480 find_exact_dev(struct devinfo_dev *dev, void *arg)
481 {
482 	struct devinfo_dev *parent;
483 	char *loc;
484 	struct exact_info *info;
485 
486 	info = arg;
487 	do {
488 		if (info->dev != NULL)
489 			break;
490 		if (!(dev->dd_flags & DF_ENABLED))
491 			break;
492 		parent = devinfo_handle_to_device(dev->dd_parent);
493 		if (strcmp(info->bus, parent->dd_name) != 0)
494 			break;
495 		asprintf(&loc, "%s %s", parent->dd_pnpinfo,
496 		    parent->dd_location);
497 		if (strcmp(loc, info->loc) == 0)
498 			info->dev = dev;
499 		free(loc);
500 	} while (0);
501 
502 	return (devinfo_foreach_device_child(dev, find_exact_dev, arg));
503 }
504 
505 static void
506 find_nomatch(char *nomatch)
507 {
508 	char *bus, *pnpinfo, *tmp, *busnameunit;
509 	struct exact_info info;
510 
511 	/*
512 	 * Find our bus name. It will include the unit number. We have to search
513 	 * backwards to avoid false positive for any PNP string that has ' on '
514 	 * in them, which would come earlier in the string. Like if there were
515 	 * an 'Old Bard' ethernet card made by 'Stratford on Avon Hardware' or
516 	 * something silly like that.
517 	 */
518 	tmp = nomatch + strlen(nomatch) - 4;
519 	while (tmp > nomatch && strncmp(tmp, " on ", 4) != 0)
520 		tmp--;
521 	if (tmp == nomatch)
522 		errx(1, "No bus found in nomatch string: '%s'", nomatch);
523 	bus = tmp + 4;
524 	*tmp = '\0';
525 	busnameunit = strdup(bus);
526 	if (busnameunit == NULL)
527 		errx(1, "Can't allocate memory for strings");
528 	tmp = bus + strlen(bus) - 1;
529 	while (tmp > bus && isdigit(*tmp))
530 		tmp--;
531 	*++tmp = '\0';
532 
533 	/*
534 	 * Note: the NOMATCH events place both the bus location as well as the
535 	 * pnp info after the 'at' and we don't know where one stops and the
536 	 * other begins, so we pass the whole thing to our search routine.
537 	 */
538 	if (*nomatch == '?')
539 		nomatch++;
540 	if (strncmp(nomatch, " at ", 4) != 0)
541 		errx(1, "Malformed NOMATCH string: '%s'", nomatch);
542 	pnpinfo = nomatch + 4;
543 
544 	/*
545 	 * See if we can find the devinfo_dev for this device. If we
546 	 * can, and it's been attached before, we should filter it out
547 	 * so that a kldunload foo doesn't cause an immediate reload.
548 	 */
549 	info.loc = pnpinfo;
550 	info.bus = busnameunit;
551 	info.dev = NULL;
552 	devinfo_foreach_device_child(root, find_exact_dev, (void *)&info);
553 	if (info.dev != NULL && info.dev->dd_flags & DF_ATTACHED_ONCE)
554 		exit(0);
555 	search_hints(bus, "", pnpinfo);
556 
557 	exit(0);
558 }
559 
560 static void
561 usage(void)
562 {
563 
564 	errx(1, "devmatch [-adv] [-p nomatch] [-h linker-hints]");
565 }
566 
567 int
568 main(int argc, char **argv)
569 {
570 	int ch;
571 
572 	while ((ch = getopt_long(argc, argv, "adh:p:quv",
573 		    longopts, NULL)) != -1) {
574 		switch (ch) {
575 		case 'a':
576 			all_flag++;
577 			break;
578 		case 'd':
579 			dump_flag++;
580 			break;
581 		case 'h':
582 			linker_hints = optarg;
583 			break;
584 		case 'p':
585 			nomatch_str = optarg;
586 			break;
587 		case 'q':
588 			quiet_flag++;
589 			break;
590 		case 'u':
591 			unbound_flag++;
592 			break;
593 		case 'v':
594 			verbose_flag++;
595 			break;
596 		default:
597 			usage();
598 		}
599 	}
600 	argc -= optind;
601 	argv += optind;
602 
603 	if (argc >= 1)
604 		usage();
605 
606 	read_linker_hints();
607 	if (dump_flag) {
608 		search_hints(NULL, NULL, NULL);
609 		exit(0);
610 	}
611 
612 	if (devinfo_init())
613 		err(1, "devinfo_init");
614 	if ((root = devinfo_handle_to_device(DEVINFO_ROOT_DEVICE)) == NULL)
615 		errx(1, "can't find root device");
616 	if (nomatch_str != NULL)
617 		find_nomatch(nomatch_str);
618 	else
619 		devinfo_foreach_device_child(root, find_unmatched, (void *)0);
620 	devinfo_free();
621 }
622