xref: /freebsd/sbin/devmatch/devmatch.c (revision 96190b4fef3b4a0cc3ca0606b0c4e3e69a5e6717)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 2017 Netflix, Inc.
3  *
4  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
6  * are met:
7  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
8  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
9  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
11  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
12  *
13  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
14  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
16  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
17  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
18  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
19  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
20  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
21  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
22  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
23  * SUCH DAMAGE.
24  */
25 
26 #include <sys/param.h>
27 #include <ctype.h>
28 #include <devinfo.h>
29 #include <err.h>
30 #include <errno.h>
31 #include <fcntl.h>
32 #include <getopt.h>
33 #include <stdbool.h>
34 #include <stdio.h>
35 #include <stdlib.h>
36 #include <string.h>
37 #include <sysexits.h>
38 #include <unistd.h>
39 #include <sys/linker.h>
40 #include <sys/module.h>
41 #include <sys/stat.h>
42 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
43 
44 /* options descriptor */
45 static struct option longopts[] = {
46 	{ "all",		no_argument,		NULL,	'a' },
47 	{ "dump",		no_argument,		NULL,	'd' },
48 	{ "hints",		required_argument,	NULL,	'h' },
49 	{ "nomatch",		required_argument,	NULL,	'p' },
50 	{ "quiet",		no_argument,		NULL,	'q' },
51 	{ "unbound",		no_argument,		NULL,	'u' },
52 	{ "verbose",		no_argument,		NULL,	'v' },
53 	{ NULL,			0,			NULL,	0 }
54 };
55 
56 #define	DEVMATCH_MAX_HITS 256
57 
58 static bool all_flag;
59 static bool  dump_flag;
60 static char *linker_hints;
61 static char *nomatch_str;
62 static bool quiet_flag;
63 static bool unbound_flag;
64 static bool verbose_flag;
65 
66 static void *hints;
67 static void *hints_end;
68 static struct devinfo_dev *root;
69 
70 static void *
71 read_hints(const char *fn, size_t *len)
72 {
73 	void *h;
74 	int fd;
75 	struct stat sb;
76 
77 	fd = open(fn, O_RDONLY);
78 	if (fd < 0) {
79 		if (errno == ENOENT)
80 			return NULL;
81 		err(1, "Can't open %s for reading", fn);
82 	}
83 	if (fstat(fd, &sb) != 0)
84 		err(1, "Can't fstat %s\n", fn);
85 	h = malloc(sb.st_size);
86 	if (h == NULL)
87 		err(1, "not enough space to read hints file of %ju bytes", (uintmax_t)sb.st_size);
88 	if (read(fd, h, sb.st_size) != sb.st_size)
89 		err(1, "Can't read in %ju bytes from %s", (uintmax_t)sb.st_size, fn);
90 	close(fd);
91 	*len = sb.st_size;
92 	return h;
93 }
94 
95 static void
96 read_linker_hints(void)
97 {
98 	char fn[MAXPATHLEN];
99 	char *modpath, *p, *q;
100 	size_t buflen, len;
101 
102 	if (linker_hints == NULL) {
103 		if (sysctlbyname("kern.module_path", NULL, &buflen, NULL, 0) < 0)
104 			errx(1, "Can't find kernel module path.");
105 		modpath = malloc(buflen);
106 		if (modpath == NULL)
107 			err(1, "Can't get memory for modpath.");
108 		if (sysctlbyname("kern.module_path", modpath, &buflen, NULL, 0) < 0)
109 			errx(1, "Can't find kernel module path.");
110 		p = modpath;
111 		while ((q = strsep(&p, ";")) != NULL) {
112 			snprintf(fn, sizeof(fn), "%s/linker.hints", q);
113 			hints = read_hints(fn, &len);
114 			if (hints == NULL)
115 				continue;
116 			break;
117 		}
118 		if (q == NULL) {
119 			if (quiet_flag)
120 				exit(EX_UNAVAILABLE);
121 			else
122 				errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "Can't read linker hints file.");
123 		}
124 	} else {
125 		hints = read_hints(linker_hints, &len);
126 		if (hints == NULL)
127 			err(1, "Can't open %s for reading", fn);
128 	}
129 
130 	if (*(int *)(intptr_t)hints != LINKER_HINTS_VERSION) {
131 		warnx("Linker hints version %d doesn't match expected %d.",
132 		    *(int *)(intptr_t)hints, LINKER_HINTS_VERSION);
133 		free(hints);
134 		hints = NULL;
135 	}
136 	if (hints != NULL)
137 		hints_end = (void *)((intptr_t)hints + (intptr_t)len);
138 }
139 
140 static int
141 getint(void **ptr)
142 {
143 	int *p = *ptr;
144 	int rv;
145 
146 	p = (int *)roundup2((intptr_t)p, sizeof(int));
147 	rv = *p++;
148 	*ptr = p;
149 	return rv;
150 }
151 
152 static void
153 getstr(void **ptr, char *val)
154 {
155 	int *p = *ptr;
156 	char *c = (char *)p;
157 	int len = *(uint8_t *)c;
158 
159 	memcpy(val, c + 1, len);
160 	val[len] = 0;
161 	c += len + 1;
162 	*ptr = (void *)c;
163 }
164 
165 static int
166 pnpval_as_int(const char *val, const char *pnpinfo)
167 {
168 	int rv;
169 	char key[256];
170 	char *cp;
171 
172 	if (pnpinfo == NULL)
173 		return -1;
174 
175 	cp = strchr(val, ';');
176 	key[0] = ' ';
177 	if (cp == NULL)
178 		strlcpy(key + 1, val, sizeof(key) - 1);
179 	else {
180 		memcpy(key + 1, val, cp - val);
181 		key[cp - val + 1] = '\0';
182 	}
183 	strlcat(key, "=", sizeof(key));
184 	if (strncmp(key + 1, pnpinfo, strlen(key + 1)) == 0)
185 		rv = strtol(pnpinfo + strlen(key + 1), NULL, 0);
186 	else {
187 		cp = strstr(pnpinfo, key);
188 		if (cp == NULL)
189 			rv = -1;
190 		else
191 			rv = strtol(cp + strlen(key), NULL, 0);
192 	}
193 	return rv;
194 }
195 
196 static void
197 quoted_strcpy(char *dst, const char *src)
198 {
199 	char q = ' ';
200 
201 	if (*src == '\'' || *src == '"')
202 		q = *src++;
203 	while (*src && *src != q)
204 		*dst++ = *src++; // XXX backtick quoting
205 	*dst++ = '\0';
206 	// XXX overflow
207 }
208 
209 static char *
210 pnpval_as_str(const char *val, const char *pnpinfo)
211 {
212 	static char retval[256];
213 	char key[256];
214 	char *cp;
215 
216 	if (pnpinfo == NULL) {
217 		*retval = '\0';
218 		return retval;
219 	}
220 
221 	cp = strchr(val, ';');
222 	key[0] = ' ';
223 	if (cp == NULL)
224 		strlcpy(key + 1, val, sizeof(key) - 1);
225 	else {
226 		memcpy(key + 1, val, cp - val);
227 		key[cp - val + 1] = '\0';
228 	}
229 	strlcat(key, "=", sizeof(key));
230 	if (strncmp(key + 1, pnpinfo, strlen(key + 1)) == 0)
231 		quoted_strcpy(retval, pnpinfo + strlen(key + 1));
232 	else {
233 		cp = strstr(pnpinfo, key);
234 		if (cp == NULL)
235 			strcpy(retval, "MISSING");
236 		else
237 			quoted_strcpy(retval, cp + strlen(key));
238 	}
239 	return retval;
240 }
241 
242 static void
243 search_hints(const char *bus, const char *dev, const char *pnpinfo)
244 {
245 	char val1[256], val2[256];
246 	int ival, len, ents, i, notme, mask, bit, v, found;
247 	void *ptr, *walker;
248 	char *lastmod = NULL, *cp, *s;
249 
250 	walker = hints;
251 	getint(&walker);
252 	found = 0;
253 	if (verbose_flag)
254 		printf("Searching bus %s dev %s for pnpinfo %s\n",
255 		    bus, dev, pnpinfo);
256 	while (walker < hints_end) {
257 		len = getint(&walker);
258 		ival = getint(&walker);
259 		ptr = walker;
260 		switch (ival) {
261 		case MDT_VERSION:
262 			getstr(&ptr, val1);
263 			ival = getint(&ptr);
264 			getstr(&ptr, val2);
265 			if (dump_flag || verbose_flag)
266 				printf("Version: if %s.%d kmod %s\n", val1, ival, val2);
267 			break;
268 		case MDT_MODULE:
269 			getstr(&ptr, val1);
270 			getstr(&ptr, val2);
271 			if (lastmod)
272 				free(lastmod);
273 			lastmod = strdup(val2);
274 			if (dump_flag || verbose_flag)
275 				printf("Module %s in %s\n", val1, val2);
276 			break;
277 		case MDT_PNP_INFO:
278 			if (!dump_flag && !unbound_flag && lastmod && strcmp(lastmod, "kernel") == 0)
279 				break;
280 			getstr(&ptr, val1);
281 			getstr(&ptr, val2);
282 			ents = getint(&ptr);
283 			if (dump_flag || verbose_flag)
284 				printf("PNP info for bus %s format %s %d entries (%s)\n",
285 				    val1, val2, ents, lastmod);
286 			if (strcmp(val1, "usb") == 0) {
287 				if (verbose_flag)
288 					printf("Treating usb as uhub -- bug in source table still?\n");
289 				strcpy(val1, "uhub");
290 			}
291 			if (bus && strcmp(val1, bus) != 0) {
292 				if (verbose_flag)
293 					printf("Skipped because table for bus %s, looking for %s\n",
294 					    val1, bus);
295 				break;
296 			}
297 			for (i = 0; i < ents; i++) {
298 				if (verbose_flag)
299 					printf("---------- Entry %d ----------\n", i);
300 				if (dump_flag)
301 					printf("   ");
302 				cp = val2;
303 				notme = 0;
304 				mask = -1;
305 				bit = -1;
306 				do {
307 					switch (*cp) {
308 						/* All integer fields */
309 					case 'I':
310 					case 'J':
311 					case 'G':
312 					case 'L':
313 					case 'M':
314 						ival = getint(&ptr);
315 						if (dump_flag) {
316 							printf("%#x:", ival);
317 							break;
318 						}
319 						if (bit >= 0 && ((1 << bit) & mask) == 0)
320 							break;
321 						if (cp[2] == '#') {
322 							if (verbose_flag) {
323 								printf("Ignoring %s (%c) table=%#x tomatch=%#x\n",
324 								    cp + 2, *cp, v, ival);
325 							}
326 							break;
327 						}
328 						v = pnpval_as_int(cp + 2, pnpinfo);
329 						if (verbose_flag)
330 							printf("Matching %s (%c) table=%#x tomatch=%#x\n",
331 							    cp + 2, *cp, v, ival);
332 						switch (*cp) {
333 						case 'J':
334 							if (ival == -1)
335 								break;
336 							/*FALLTHROUGH*/
337 						case 'I':
338 							if (v != ival)
339 								notme++;
340 							break;
341 						case 'G':
342 							if (v < ival)
343 								notme++;
344 							break;
345 						case 'L':
346 							if (v > ival)
347 								notme++;
348 							break;
349 						case 'M':
350 							mask = ival;
351 							break;
352 						}
353 						break;
354 						/* String fields */
355 					case 'D':
356 					case 'Z':
357 						getstr(&ptr, val1);
358 						if (dump_flag) {
359 							printf("'%s':", val1);
360 							break;
361 						}
362 						if (*cp == 'D')
363 							break;
364 						if (bit >= 0 && ((1 << bit) & mask) == 0)
365 							break;
366 						if (cp[2] == '#') {
367 							if (verbose_flag) {
368 								printf("Ignoring %s (%c) table=%#x tomatch=%#x\n",
369 								    cp + 2, *cp, v, ival);
370 							}
371 							break;
372 						}
373 						s = pnpval_as_str(cp + 2, pnpinfo);
374 						if (verbose_flag)
375 							printf("Matching %s (%c) table=%s tomatch=%s\n",
376 							    cp + 2, *cp, s, val1);
377 						if (strcmp(s, val1) != 0)
378 							notme++;
379 						break;
380 						/* Key override fields, required to be last in the string */
381 					case 'T':
382 						/*
383 						 * This is imperfect and only does one key and will be redone
384 						 * to be more general for multiple keys. Currently, nothing
385 						 * does that.
386 						 */
387 						if (dump_flag)				/* No per-row data stored */
388 							break;
389 						if (cp[strlen(cp) - 1] == ';')		/* Skip required ; at end */
390 							cp[strlen(cp) - 1] = '\0';	/* in case it's not there */
391 						if ((s = strstr(pnpinfo, cp + 2)) == NULL)
392 							notme++;
393 						else if (s > pnpinfo && s[-1] != ' ')
394 							notme++;
395 						break;
396 					default:
397 						fprintf(stderr, "Unknown field type %c\n:", *cp);
398 						break;
399 					}
400 					bit++;
401 					cp = strchr(cp, ';');
402 					if (cp)
403 						cp++;
404 				} while (cp && *cp);
405 				if (dump_flag)
406 					printf("\n");
407 				else if (!notme) {
408 					if (!unbound_flag) {
409 						if (all_flag)
410 							printf("%s: %s\n", *dev ? dev : "unattached", lastmod);
411 						else
412 							printf("%s\n", lastmod);
413 						if (verbose_flag)
414 							printf("Matches --- %s ---\n", lastmod);
415 					}
416 					found++;
417 				}
418 			}
419 			break;
420 		default:
421 			if (dump_flag)
422 				printf("Unknown Type %d len %d\n", ival, len);
423 			break;
424 		}
425 		walker = (void *)(len - sizeof(int) + (intptr_t)walker);
426 	}
427 	if (unbound_flag && found == 0 && *pnpinfo) {
428 		if (verbose_flag)
429 			printf("------------------------- ");
430 		printf("%s on %s pnpinfo %s", *dev ? dev : "unattached", bus, pnpinfo);
431 		if (verbose_flag)
432 			printf(" -------------------------");
433 		printf("\n");
434 	}
435 	free(lastmod);
436 }
437 
438 static int
439 find_unmatched(struct devinfo_dev *dev, void *arg)
440 {
441 	struct devinfo_dev *parent;
442 	char *bus, *p;
443 
444 	do {
445 		if (!all_flag && dev->dd_name[0] != '\0')
446 			break;
447 		if (!(dev->dd_flags & DF_ENABLED))
448 			break;
449 		if (!all_flag && dev->dd_flags & DF_ATTACHED_ONCE)
450 			break;
451 		parent = devinfo_handle_to_device(dev->dd_parent);
452 		bus = strdup(parent->dd_name);
453 		p = bus + strlen(bus) - 1;
454 		while (p >= bus && isdigit(*p))
455 			p--;
456 		*++p = '\0';
457 		if (verbose_flag)
458 			printf("Searching %s %s bus at %s for pnpinfo %s\n",
459 			    dev->dd_name, bus, dev->dd_location, dev->dd_pnpinfo);
460 		search_hints(bus, dev->dd_name, dev->dd_pnpinfo);
461 		free(bus);
462 	} while (0);
463 
464 	return (devinfo_foreach_device_child(dev, find_unmatched, arg));
465 }
466 
467 struct exact_info
468 {
469 	const char *bus;
470 	const char *loc;
471 	struct devinfo_dev *dev;
472 };
473 
474 /*
475  * Look for the exact location specified by the nomatch event.  The
476  * loc and pnpinfo run together to get the string we're looking for,
477  * so we have to synthesize the same thing that subr_bus.c is
478  * generating in devnomatch/devaddq to do the string comparison.
479  */
480 static int
481 find_exact_dev(struct devinfo_dev *dev, void *arg)
482 {
483 	struct devinfo_dev *parent;
484 	char *loc;
485 	struct exact_info *info;
486 
487 	info = arg;
488 	do {
489 		if (info->dev != NULL)
490 			break;
491 		if (!(dev->dd_flags & DF_ENABLED))
492 			break;
493 		parent = devinfo_handle_to_device(dev->dd_parent);
494 		if (strcmp(info->bus, parent->dd_name) != 0)
495 			break;
496 		asprintf(&loc, "%s %s", parent->dd_pnpinfo,
497 		    parent->dd_location);
498 		if (strcmp(loc, info->loc) == 0)
499 			info->dev = dev;
500 		free(loc);
501 	} while (0);
502 
503 	return (devinfo_foreach_device_child(dev, find_exact_dev, arg));
504 }
505 
506 static void
507 find_nomatch(char *nomatch)
508 {
509 	char *bus, *pnpinfo, *tmp, *busnameunit;
510 	struct exact_info info;
511 
512 	/*
513 	 * Find our bus name. It will include the unit number. We have to search
514 	 * backwards to avoid false positive for any PNP string that has ' on '
515 	 * in them, which would come earlier in the string. Like if there were
516 	 * an 'Old Bard' ethernet card made by 'Stratford on Avon Hardware' or
517 	 * something silly like that.
518 	 */
519 	tmp = nomatch + strlen(nomatch) - 4;
520 	while (tmp > nomatch && strncmp(tmp, " on ", 4) != 0)
521 		tmp--;
522 	if (tmp == nomatch)
523 		errx(1, "No bus found in nomatch string: '%s'", nomatch);
524 	bus = tmp + 4;
525 	*tmp = '\0';
526 	busnameunit = strdup(bus);
527 	if (busnameunit == NULL)
528 		errx(1, "Can't allocate memory for strings");
529 	tmp = bus + strlen(bus) - 1;
530 	while (tmp > bus && isdigit(*tmp))
531 		tmp--;
532 	*++tmp = '\0';
533 
534 	/*
535 	 * Note: the NOMATCH events place both the bus location as well as the
536 	 * pnp info after the 'at' and we don't know where one stops and the
537 	 * other begins, so we pass the whole thing to our search routine.
538 	 */
539 	if (*nomatch == '?')
540 		nomatch++;
541 	if (strncmp(nomatch, " at ", 4) != 0)
542 		errx(1, "Malformed NOMATCH string: '%s'", nomatch);
543 	pnpinfo = nomatch + 4;
544 
545 	/*
546 	 * See if we can find the devinfo_dev for this device. If we
547 	 * can, and it's been attached before, we should filter it out
548 	 * so that a kldunload foo doesn't cause an immediate reload.
549 	 */
550 	info.loc = pnpinfo;
551 	info.bus = busnameunit;
552 	info.dev = NULL;
553 	devinfo_foreach_device_child(root, find_exact_dev, (void *)&info);
554 	if (info.dev != NULL && info.dev->dd_flags & DF_ATTACHED_ONCE)
555 		exit(0);
556 	search_hints(bus, "", pnpinfo);
557 
558 	exit(0);
559 }
560 
561 static void
562 usage(void)
563 {
564 
565 	errx(1, "devmatch [-adv] [-p nomatch] [-h linker-hints]");
566 }
567 
568 int
569 main(int argc, char **argv)
570 {
571 	int ch;
572 
573 	while ((ch = getopt_long(argc, argv, "adh:p:quv",
574 		    longopts, NULL)) != -1) {
575 		switch (ch) {
576 		case 'a':
577 			all_flag = true;
578 			break;
579 		case 'd':
580 			dump_flag = true;
581 			break;
582 		case 'h':
583 			linker_hints = optarg;
584 			break;
585 		case 'p':
586 			nomatch_str = optarg;
587 			break;
588 		case 'q':
589 			quiet_flag = true;
590 			break;
591 		case 'u':
592 			unbound_flag = true;
593 			break;
594 		case 'v':
595 			verbose_flag = true;
596 			break;
597 		default:
598 			usage();
599 		}
600 	}
601 	argc -= optind;
602 	argv += optind;
603 
604 	if (argc >= 1)
605 		usage();
606 
607 	read_linker_hints();
608 	if (dump_flag) {
609 		search_hints(NULL, NULL, NULL);
610 		exit(0);
611 	}
612 
613 	if (devinfo_init())
614 		err(1, "devinfo_init");
615 	if ((root = devinfo_handle_to_device(DEVINFO_ROOT_DEVICE)) == NULL)
616 		errx(1, "can't find root device");
617 	if (nomatch_str != NULL)
618 		find_nomatch(nomatch_str);
619 	else
620 		devinfo_foreach_device_child(root, find_unmatched, (void *)0);
621 	devinfo_free();
622 }
623