xref: /freebsd/sbin/camcontrol/camcontrol.8 (revision c6ec7d31830ab1c80edae95ad5e4b9dba10c47ac)
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2.\" Copyright (c) 1998, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2007 Kenneth D. Merry.
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28.\" $FreeBSD$
29.\"
30.Dd June 4, 2012
31.Dt CAMCONTROL 8
32.Os
33.Sh NAME
34.Nm camcontrol
35.Nd CAM control program
36.Sh SYNOPSIS
37.Nm
38.Aq Ar command
39.Op device id
40.Op generic args
41.Op command args
42.Nm
43.Ic devlist
44.Op Fl v
45.Nm
46.Ic periphlist
47.Op device id
48.Op Fl n Ar dev_name
49.Op Fl u Ar unit_number
50.Nm
51.Ic tur
52.Op device id
53.Op generic args
54.Nm
55.Ic inquiry
56.Op device id
57.Op generic args
58.Op Fl D
59.Op Fl S
60.Op Fl R
61.Nm
62.Ic identify
63.Op device id
64.Op generic args
65.Op Fl v
66.Nm
67.Ic reportluns
68.Op device id
69.Op generic args
70.Op Fl c
71.Op Fl l
72.Op Fl r Ar reporttype
73.Nm
74.Ic readcap
75.Op device id
76.Op generic args
77.Op Fl b
78.Op Fl h
79.Op Fl H
80.Op Fl N
81.Op Fl q
82.Op Fl s
83.Nm
84.Ic start
85.Op device id
86.Op generic args
87.Nm
88.Ic stop
89.Op device id
90.Op generic args
91.Nm
92.Ic load
93.Op device id
94.Op generic args
95.Nm
96.Ic eject
97.Op device id
98.Op generic args
99.Nm
100.Ic rescan
101.Aq all | bus Ns Op :target:lun
102.Nm
103.Ic reset
104.Aq all | bus Ns Op :target:lun
105.Nm
106.Ic defects
107.Op device id
108.Op generic args
109.Aq Fl f Ar format
110.Op Fl P
111.Op Fl G
112.Nm
113.Ic modepage
114.Op device id
115.Op generic args
116.Aq Fl m Ar page | Fl l
117.Op Fl P Ar pgctl
118.Op Fl b | Fl e
119.Op Fl d
120.Nm
121.Ic cmd
122.Op device id
123.Op generic args
124.Aq Fl a Ar cmd Op args
125.Aq Fl c Ar cmd Op args
126.Op Fl d
127.Op Fl f
128.Op Fl i Ar len Ar fmt
129.Bk -words
130.Op Fl o Ar len Ar fmt Op args
131.Op Fl r Ar fmt
132.Ek
133.Nm
134.Ic smpcmd
135.Op device id
136.Op generic args
137.Aq Fl r Ar len Ar fmt Op args
138.Aq Fl R Ar len Ar fmt Op args
139.Nm
140.Ic smprg
141.Op device id
142.Op generic args
143.Op Fl l
144.Nm
145.Ic smppc
146.Op device id
147.Op generic args
148.Aq Fl p Ar phy
149.Op Fl l
150.Op Fl o Ar operation
151.Op Fl d Ar name
152.Op Fl m Ar rate
153.Op Fl M Ar rate
154.Op Fl T Ar pp_timeout
155.Op Fl a Ar enable|disable
156.Op Fl A Ar enable|disable
157.Op Fl s Ar enable|disable
158.Op Fl S Ar enable|disable
159.Nm
160.Ic smpphylist
161.Op device id
162.Op generic args
163.Op Fl l
164.Op Fl q
165.Nm
166.Ic smpmaninfo
167.Op device id
168.Op generic args
169.Op Fl l
170.Nm
171.Ic debug
172.Op Fl I
173.Op Fl P
174.Op Fl T
175.Op Fl S
176.Op Fl X
177.Op Fl c
178.Op Fl p
179.Aq all|off|bus Ns Op :target Ns Op :lun
180.Nm
181.Ic tags
182.Op device id
183.Op generic args
184.Op Fl N Ar tags
185.Op Fl q
186.Op Fl v
187.Nm
188.Ic negotiate
189.Op device id
190.Op generic args
191.Op Fl c
192.Op Fl D Ar enable|disable
193.Op Fl M Ar mode
194.Op Fl O Ar offset
195.Op Fl q
196.Op Fl R Ar syncrate
197.Op Fl T Ar enable|disable
198.Op Fl U
199.Op Fl W Ar bus_width
200.Op Fl v
201.Nm
202.Ic format
203.Op device id
204.Op generic args
205.Op Fl q
206.Op Fl r
207.Op Fl w
208.Op Fl y
209.Nm
210.Ic idle
211.Op device id
212.Op generic args
213.Op Fl t Ar time
214.Nm
215.Ic standby
216.Op device id
217.Op generic args
218.Op Fl t Ar time
219.Nm
220.Ic sleep
221.Op device id
222.Op generic args
223.Nm
224.Ic fwdownload
225.Op device id
226.Op generic args
227.Aq Fl f Ar fw_image
228.Op Fl y
229.Op Fl s
230.Nm
231.Ic help
232.Sh DESCRIPTION
233The
234.Nm
235utility is designed to provide a way for users to access and control the
236.Fx
237CAM subsystem.
238.Pp
239The
240.Nm
241utility
242can cause a loss of data and/or system crashes if used improperly.
243Even
244expert users are encouraged to exercise caution when using this command.
245Novice users should stay away from this utility.
246.Pp
247The
248.Nm
249utility has a number of primary functions, many of which support an optional
250device identifier.
251A device identifier can take one of three forms:
252.Bl -tag -width 14n
253.It deviceUNIT
254Specify a device name and unit number combination, like "da5" or "cd3".
255.It bus:target
256Specify a bus number and target id.
257The bus number can be determined from
258the output of
259.Dq camcontrol devlist .
260The lun defaults to 0.
261.It bus:target:lun
262Specify the bus, target and lun for a device.
263(e.g.\& 1:2:0)
264.El
265.Pp
266The device identifier, if it is specified,
267.Em must
268come immediately after the function name, and before any generic or
269function-specific arguments.
270Note that the
271.Fl n
272and
273.Fl u
274arguments described below will override any device name or unit number
275specified beforehand.
276The
277.Fl n
278and
279.Fl u
280arguments will
281.Em not
282override a specified bus:target or bus:target:lun, however.
283.Pp
284Most of the
285.Nm
286primary functions support these generic arguments:
287.Bl -tag -width 14n
288.It Fl C Ar count
289SCSI command retry count.
290In order for this to work, error recovery
291.Pq Fl E
292must be turned on.
293.It Fl E
294Instruct the kernel to perform generic SCSI error recovery for the given
295command.
296This is needed in order for the retry count
297.Pq Fl C
298to be honored.
299Other than retrying commands, the generic error recovery in
300the code will generally attempt to spin up drives that are not spinning.
301It may take some other actions, depending upon the sense code returned from
302the command.
303.It Fl n Ar dev_name
304Specify the device type to operate on, e.g.\& "da", "cd".
305.It Fl t Ar timeout
306SCSI command timeout in seconds.
307This overrides the default timeout for
308any given command.
309.It Fl u Ar unit_number
310Specify the device unit number, e.g.\& "1", "5".
311.It Fl v
312Be verbose, print out sense information for failed SCSI commands.
313.El
314.Pp
315Primary command functions:
316.Bl -tag -width periphlist
317.It Ic devlist
318List all physical devices (logical units) attached to the CAM subsystem.
319This also includes a list of peripheral drivers attached to each device.
320With the
321.Fl v
322argument, SCSI bus number, adapter name and unit numbers are printed as
323well.
324.It Ic periphlist
325List all peripheral drivers attached to a given physical device (logical
326unit).
327.It Ic tur
328Send the SCSI test unit ready (0x00) command to the given device.
329The
330.Nm
331utility will report whether the device is ready or not.
332.It Ic inquiry
333Send a SCSI inquiry command (0x12) to a device.
334By default,
335.Nm
336will print out the standard inquiry data, device serial number, and
337transfer rate information.
338The user can specify that only certain types of
339inquiry data be printed:
340.Bl -tag -width 4n
341.It Fl D
342Get the standard inquiry data.
343.It Fl S
344Print out the serial number.
345If this flag is the only one specified,
346.Nm
347will not print out "Serial Number" before the value returned by the drive.
348This is to aid in script writing.
349.It Fl R
350Print out transfer rate information.
351.El
352.It Ic identify
353Send a ATA identify command (0xec) to a device.
354.It Ic reportluns
355Send the SCSI REPORT LUNS (0xA0) command to the given device.
356By default,
357.Nm
358will print out the list of logical units (LUNs) supported by the target device.
359There are a couple of options to modify the output:
360.Bl -tag -width 14n
361.It Fl c
362Just print out a count of LUNs, not the actual LUN numbers.
363.It Fl l
364Just print out the LUNs, and don't print out the count.
365.It Fl r Ar reporttype
366Specify the type of report to request from the target:
367.Bl -tag -width 012345678
368.It default
369Return the default report.
370This is the
371.Nm
372default.
373Most targets will support this report if they support the REPORT LUNS
374command.
375.It wellknown
376Return only well known LUNs.
377.It all
378Return all available LUNs.
379.El
380.El
381.Pp
382.Nm
383will try to print out LUN numbers in a reasonable format.
384It can understand the peripheral, flat, LUN and extended LUN formats.
385.It Ic readcap
386Send the SCSI READ CAPACITY command to the given device and display
387the results.
388If the device is larger than 2TB, the SCSI READ CAPACITY (16) service
389action will be sent to obtain the full size of the device.
390By default,
391.Nm
392will print out the last logical block of the device, and the blocksize of
393the device in bytes.
394To modify the output format, use the following options:
395.Bl -tag -width 5n
396.It Fl b
397Just print out the blocksize, not the last block or device size.
398This cannot be used with
399.Fl N
400or
401.Fl s .
402.It Fl h
403Print out the device size in human readable (base 2, 1K == 1024) format.
404This implies
405.Fl N
406and cannot be used with
407.Fl q
408or
409.Fl b .
410.It Fl H
411Print out the device size in human readable (base 10, 1K == 1000) format.
412.It Fl N
413Print out the number of blocks in the device instead of the last logical
414block.
415.It Fl q
416Quiet, print out the numbers only (separated by a comma if
417.Fl b
418or
419.Fl s
420are not specified).
421.It Fl s
422Print out the last logical block or the size of the device only, and omit
423the blocksize.
424.El
425.It Ic start
426Send the SCSI Start/Stop Unit (0x1B) command to the given device with the
427start bit set.
428.It Ic stop
429Send the SCSI Start/Stop Unit (0x1B) command to the given device with the
430start bit cleared.
431.It Ic load
432Send the SCSI Start/Stop Unit (0x1B) command to the given device with the
433start bit set and the load/eject bit set.
434.It Ic eject
435Send the SCSI Start/Stop Unit (0x1B) command to the given device with the
436start bit cleared and the load/eject bit set.
437.It Ic rescan
438Tell the kernel to scan all busses in the system (with the
439.Ar all
440argument), the given bus (XPT_SCAN_BUS), or bus:target:lun
441(XPT_SCAN_LUN) for new devices or devices that have gone away.
442The user
443may specify a scan of all busses, a single bus, or a lun.
444Scanning all luns
445on a target is not supported.
446.It Ic reset
447Tell the kernel to reset all busses in the system (with the
448.Ar all
449argument) or the given bus (XPT_RESET_BUS) by issuing a SCSI bus
450reset for that bus, or to reset the given bus:target:lun
451(XPT_RESET_DEV), typically by issuing a BUS DEVICE RESET message after
452connecting to that device.
453Note that this can have a destructive impact
454on the system.
455.It Ic defects
456Send the SCSI READ DEFECT DATA (10) command (0x37) to the given device, and
457print out any combination of: the total number of defects, the primary
458defect list (PLIST), and the grown defect list (GLIST).
459.Bl -tag -width 11n
460.It Fl f Ar format
461The three format options are:
462.Em block ,
463to print out the list as logical blocks,
464.Em bfi ,
465to print out the list in bytes from index format, and
466.Em phys ,
467to print out the list in physical sector format.
468The format argument is
469required.
470Most drives support the physical sector format.
471Some drives
472support the logical block format.
473Many drives, if they do not support the
474requested format, return the data in an alternate format, along with sense
475information indicating that the requested data format is not supported.
476The
477.Nm
478utility
479attempts to detect this, and print out whatever format the drive returns.
480If the drive uses a non-standard sense code to report that it does not
481support the requested format,
482.Nm
483will probably see the error as a failure to complete the request.
484.It Fl G
485Print out the grown defect list.
486This is a list of bad blocks that have
487been remapped since the disk left the factory.
488.It Fl P
489Print out the primary defect list.
490.El
491.Pp
492If neither
493.Fl P
494nor
495.Fl G
496is specified,
497.Nm
498will print out the number of defects given in the READ DEFECT DATA header
499returned from the drive.
500Some drives will report 0 defects if neither the primary or grown defect
501lists are requested.
502.It Ic modepage
503Allows the user to display and optionally edit a SCSI mode page.
504The mode
505page formats are located in
506.Pa /usr/share/misc/scsi_modes .
507This can be overridden by specifying a different file in the
508.Ev SCSI_MODES
509environment variable.
510The
511.Ic modepage
512command takes several arguments:
513.Bl -tag -width 12n
514.It Fl d
515Disable block descriptors for mode sense.
516.It Fl b
517Displays mode page data in binary format.
518.It Fl e
519This flag allows the user to edit values in the mode page.
520The user may
521either edit mode page values with the text editor pointed to by his
522.Ev EDITOR
523environment variable, or supply mode page values via standard input, using
524the same format that
525.Nm
526uses to display mode page values.
527The editor will be invoked if
528.Nm
529detects that standard input is terminal.
530.It Fl l
531Lists all available mode pages.
532.It Fl m Ar mode_page
533This specifies the number of the mode page the user would like to view
534and/or edit.
535This argument is mandatory unless
536.Fl l
537is specified.
538.It Fl P Ar pgctl
539This allows the user to specify the page control field.
540Possible values are:
541.Bl -tag -width xxx -compact
542.It 0
543Current values
544.It 1
545Changeable values
546.It 2
547Default values
548.It 3
549Saved values
550.El
551.El
552.It Ic cmd
553Allows the user to send an arbitrary ATA or SCSI CDB to any device.
554The
555.Ic cmd
556function requires the
557.Fl c
558argument to specify SCSI CDB or the
559.Fl a
560argument to specify ATA Command Block registers values.
561Other arguments are optional, depending on
562the command type.
563The command and data specification syntax is documented
564in
565.Xr cam_cdbparse 3 .
566NOTE: If the CDB specified causes data to be transferred to or from the
567SCSI device in question, you MUST specify either
568.Fl i
569or
570.Fl o .
571.Bl -tag -width 17n
572.It Fl a Ar cmd Op args
573This specifies the content of 12 ATA Command Block registers (command,
574features, lba_low, lba_mid, lba_high, device, lba_low_exp, lba_mid_exp.
575lba_high_exp, features_exp, sector_count, sector_count_exp).
576.It Fl c Ar cmd Op args
577This specifies the SCSI CDB.
578SCSI CDBs may be 6, 10, 12 or 16 bytes.
579.It Fl d
580Specifies DMA protocol to be used for ATA command.
581.It Fl f
582Specifies FPDMA (NCQ) protocol to be used for ATA command.
583.It Fl i Ar len Ar fmt
584This specifies the amount of data to read, and how it should be displayed.
585If the format is
586.Sq - ,
587.Ar len
588bytes of data will be read from the device and written to standard output.
589.It Fl o Ar len Ar fmt Op args
590This specifies the amount of data to be written to a device, and the data
591that is to be written.
592If the format is
593.Sq - ,
594.Ar len
595bytes of data will be read from standard input and written to the device.
596.It Fl r Ar fmt
597This specifies that 11 result ATA Command Block registers should be displayed
598(status, error, lba_low, lba_mid, lba_high, device, lba_low_exp, lba_mid_exp,
599lba_high_exp, sector_count, sector_count_exp), and how.
600If the format is
601.Sq - ,
60211 result registers will be written to standard output in hex.
603.El
604.It Ic smpcmd
605Allows the user to send an arbitrary Serial
606Management Protocol (SMP) command to a device.
607The
608.Ic smpcmd
609function requires the
610.Fl r
611argument to specify the SMP request to be sent, and the
612.Fl R
613argument to specify the format of the SMP response.
614The syntax for the SMP request and response arguments is documented in
615.Xr cam_cdbparse 3 .
616.Pp
617Note that SAS adapters that support SMP passthrough (at least the currently
618known adapters) do not accept CRC bytes from the user in the request and do
619not pass CRC bytes back to the user in the response.
620Therefore users should not include the CRC bytes in the length of the
621request and not expect CRC bytes to be returned in the response.
622.Bl -tag -width 17n
623.It Fl r Ar len Ar fmt Op args
624This specifies the size of the SMP request, without the CRC bytes, and the
625SMP request format.  If the format is
626.Sq - ,
627.Ar len
628bytes of data will be read from standard input and written as the SMP
629request.
630.It Fl R Ar len Ar fmt Op args
631This specifies the size of the buffer allocated for the SMP response, and
632the SMP response format.
633If the format is
634.Sq - ,
635.Ar len
636bytes of data will be allocated for the response and the response will be
637written to standard output.
638.El
639.It Ic smprg
640Allows the user to send the Serial Management Protocol (SMP) Report General
641command to a device.
642.Nm
643will display the data returned by the Report General command.
644If the SMP target supports the long response format, the additional data
645will be requested and displayed automatically.
646.Bl -tag -width 8n
647.It Fl l
648Request the long response format only.
649Not all SMP targets support the long response format.
650This option causes
651.Nm
652to skip sending the initial report general request without the long bit set
653and only issue a report general request with the long bit set.
654.El
655.It Ic smppc
656Allows the user to issue the Serial Management Protocol (SMP) PHY Control
657command to a device.
658This function should be used with some caution, as it can render devices
659inaccessible, and could potentially cause data corruption as well.
660The
661.Fl p
662argument is required to specify the PHY to operate on.
663.Bl -tag -width 17n
664.It Fl p Ar phy
665Specify the PHY to operate on.
666This argument is required.
667.It Fl l
668Request the long request/response format.
669Not all SMP targets support the long response format.
670For the PHY Control command, this currently only affects whether the
671request length is set to a value other than 0.
672.It Fl o Ar operation
673Specify a PHY control operation.
674Only one
675.Fl o
676operation may be specified.
677The operation may be specified numerically (in decimal, hexadecimal, or octal)
678or one of the following operation names may be specified:
679.Bl -tag -width 16n
680.It nop
681No operation.
682It is not necessary to specify this argument.
683.It linkreset
684Send the LINK RESET command to the phy.
685.It hardreset
686Send the HARD RESET command to the phy.
687.It disable
688Send the DISABLE command to the phy.
689Note that the LINK RESET or HARD RESET commands should re-enable the phy.
690.It clearerrlog
691Send the CLEAR ERROR LOG command.
692This clears the error log counters for the specified phy.
693.It clearaffiliation
694Send the CLEAR AFFILIATION command.
695This clears the affiliation from the STP initiator port with the same SAS
696address as the SMP initiator that requests the clear operation.
697.It sataportsel
698Send the TRANSMIT SATA PORT SELECTION SIGNAL command to the phy.
699This will cause a SATA port selector to use the given phy as its active phy
700and make the other phy inactive.
701.It clearitnl
702Send the CLEAR STP I_T NEXUS LOSS command to the PHY.
703.It setdevname
704Send the SET ATTACHED DEVICE NAME command to the PHY.
705This requires the
706.Fl d
707argument to specify the device name.
708.El
709.It Fl d Ar name
710Specify the attached device name.
711This option is needed with the
712.Fl o Ar setdevname
713phy operation.
714The name is a 64-bit number, and can be specified in decimal, hexadecimal
715or octal format.
716.It Fl m Ar rate
717Set the minimum physical link rate for the phy.
718This is a numeric argument.
719Currently known link rates are:
720.Bl -tag -width 5n
721.It 0x0
722Do not change current value.
723.It 0x8
7241.5 Gbps
725.It 0x9
7263 Gbps
727.It 0xa
7286 Gbps
729.El
730.Pp
731Other values may be specified for newer physical link rates.
732.It Fl M Ar rate
733Set the maximum physical link rate for the phy.
734This is a numeric argument.
735See the
736.Fl m
737argument description for known link rate arguments.
738.It Fl T Ar pp_timeout
739Set the partial pathway timeout value, in microseconds.
740See the
741.Tn ANSI
742.Tn SAS
743Protocol Layer (SPL)
744specification for more information on this field.
745.It Fl a Ar enable|disable
746Enable or disable SATA slumber phy power conditions.
747.It Fl A Ar enable|disable
748Enable or disable SATA partial power conditions.
749.It Fl s Ar enable|disable
750Enable or disable SAS slumber phy power conditions.
751.It Fl S Ar enable|disable
752Enable or disable SAS partial phy power conditions.
753.El
754.It Ic smpphylist
755List phys attached to a SAS expander, the address of the end device
756attached to the phy, and the inquiry data for that device and peripheral
757devices attached to that device.
758The inquiry data and peripheral devices are displayed if available.
759.Bl -tag -width 5n
760.It Fl l
761Turn on the long response format for the underlying SMP commands used for
762this command.
763.It Fl q
764Only print out phys that are attached to a device in the CAM EDT (Existing
765Device Table).
766.El
767.It Ic smpmaninfo
768Send the SMP Report Manufacturer Information command to the device and
769display the response.
770.Bl -tag -width 5n
771.It Fl l
772Turn on the long response format for the underlying SMP commands used for
773this command.
774.El
775.It Ic debug
776Turn on CAM debugging printfs in the kernel.
777This requires options CAMDEBUG
778in your kernel config file.
779WARNING: enabling debugging printfs currently
780causes an EXTREME number of kernel printfs.
781You may have difficulty
782turning off the debugging printfs once they start, since the kernel will be
783busy printing messages and unable to service other requests quickly.
784The
785.Ic debug
786function takes a number of arguments:
787.Bl -tag -width 18n
788.It Fl I
789Enable CAM_DEBUG_INFO printfs.
790.It Fl P
791Enable CAM_DEBUG_PERIPH printfs.
792.It Fl T
793Enable CAM_DEBUG_TRACE printfs.
794.It Fl S
795Enable CAM_DEBUG_SUBTRACE printfs.
796.It Fl X
797Enable CAM_DEBUG_XPT printfs.
798.It Fl c
799Enable CAM_DEBUG_CDB printfs.
800This will cause the kernel to print out the
801SCSI CDBs sent to the specified device(s).
802.It Fl p
803Enable CAM_DEBUG_PROBE printfs.
804.It all
805Enable debugging for all devices.
806.It off
807Turn off debugging for all devices
808.It bus Ns Op :target Ns Op :lun
809Turn on debugging for the given bus, target or lun.
810If the lun or target
811and lun are not specified, they are wildcarded.
812(i.e., just specifying a
813bus turns on debugging printfs for all devices on that bus.)
814.El
815.It Ic tags
816Show or set the number of "tagged openings" or simultaneous transactions
817we attempt to queue to a particular device.
818By default, the
819.Ic tags
820command, with no command-specific arguments (i.e., only generic arguments)
821prints out the "soft" maximum number of transactions that can be queued to
822the device in question.
823For more detailed information, use the
824.Fl v
825argument described below.
826.Bl -tag -width 7n
827.It Fl N Ar tags
828Set the number of tags for the given device.
829This must be between the
830minimum and maximum number set in the kernel quirk table.
831The default for
832most devices that support tagged queueing is a minimum of 2 and a maximum
833of 255.
834The minimum and maximum values for a given device may be
835determined by using the
836.Fl v
837switch.
838The meaning of the
839.Fl v
840switch for this
841.Nm
842subcommand is described below.
843.It Fl q
844Be quiet, and do not report the number of tags.
845This is generally used when
846setting the number of tags.
847.It Fl v
848The verbose flag has special functionality for the
849.Em tags
850argument.
851It causes
852.Nm
853to print out the tagged queueing related fields of the XPT_GDEV_TYPE CCB:
854.Bl -tag -width 13n
855.It dev_openings
856This is the amount of capacity for transactions queued to a given device.
857.It dev_active
858This is the number of transactions currently queued to a device.
859.It devq_openings
860This is the kernel queue space for transactions.
861This count usually mirrors
862dev_openings except during error recovery operations when
863the device queue is frozen (device is not allowed to receive
864commands), the number of dev_openings is reduced, or transaction
865replay is occurring.
866.It devq_queued
867This is the number of transactions waiting in the kernel queue for capacity
868on the device.
869This number is usually zero unless error recovery is in
870progress.
871.It held
872The held count is the number of CCBs held by peripheral drivers that have
873either just been completed or are about to be released to the transport
874layer for service by a device.
875Held CCBs reserve capacity on a given
876device.
877.It mintags
878This is the current "hard" minimum number of transactions that can be
879queued to a device at once.
880The
881.Ar dev_openings
882value above cannot go below this number.
883The default value for
884.Ar mintags
885is 2, although it may be set higher or lower for various devices.
886.It maxtags
887This is the "hard" maximum number of transactions that can be queued to a
888device at one time.
889The
890.Ar dev_openings
891value cannot go above this number.
892The default value for
893.Ar maxtags
894is 255, although it may be set higher or lower for various devices.
895.El
896.El
897.It Ic negotiate
898Show or negotiate various communication parameters.
899Some controllers may
900not support setting or changing some of these values.
901For instance, the
902Adaptec 174x controllers do not support changing a device's sync rate or
903offset.
904The
905.Nm
906utility
907will not attempt to set the parameter if the controller indicates that it
908does not support setting the parameter.
909To find out what the controller
910supports, use the
911.Fl v
912flag.
913The meaning of the
914.Fl v
915flag for the
916.Ic negotiate
917command is described below.
918Also, some controller drivers do not support
919setting negotiation parameters, even if the underlying controller supports
920negotiation changes.
921Some controllers, such as the Advansys wide
922controllers, support enabling and disabling synchronous negotiation for
923a device, but do not support setting the synchronous negotiation rate.
924.Bl -tag -width 17n
925.It Fl a
926Attempt to make the negotiation settings take effect immediately by sending
927a Test Unit Ready command to the device.
928.It Fl c
929Show or set current negotiation settings.
930This is the default.
931.It Fl D Ar enable|disable
932Enable or disable disconnection.
933.It Fl M Ar mode
934Set ATA mode.
935.It Fl O Ar offset
936Set the command delay offset.
937.It Fl q
938Be quiet, do not print anything.
939This is generally useful when you want to
940set a parameter, but do not want any status information.
941.It Fl R Ar syncrate
942Change the synchronization rate for a device.
943The sync rate is a floating
944point value specified in MHz.
945So, for instance,
946.Sq 20.000
947is a legal value, as is
948.Sq 20 .
949.It Fl T Ar enable|disable
950Enable or disable tagged queueing for a device.
951.It Fl U
952Show or set user negotiation settings.
953The default is to show or set
954current negotiation settings.
955.It Fl v
956The verbose switch has special meaning for the
957.Ic negotiate
958subcommand.
959It causes
960.Nm
961to print out the contents of a Path Inquiry (XPT_PATH_INQ) CCB sent to the
962controller driver.
963.It Fl W Ar bus_width
964Specify the bus width to negotiate with a device.
965The bus width is
966specified in bits.
967The only useful values to specify are 8, 16, and 32
968bits.
969The controller must support the bus width in question in order for
970the setting to take effect.
971.El
972.Pp
973In general, sync rate and offset settings will not take effect for a
974device until a command has been sent to the device.
975The
976.Fl a
977switch above will automatically send a Test Unit Ready to the device so
978negotiation parameters will take effect.
979.It Ic format
980Issue the
981.Tn SCSI
982FORMAT UNIT command to the named device.
983.Pp
984.Em WARNING! WARNING! WARNING!
985.Pp
986Low level formatting a disk will destroy ALL data on the disk.
987Use
988extreme caution when issuing this command.
989Many users low-level format
990disks that do not really need to be low-level formatted.
991There are
992relatively few scenarios that call for low-level formatting a disk.
993One reason for
994low-level formatting a disk is to initialize the disk after changing
995its physical sector size.
996Another reason for low-level formatting a disk
997is to revive the disk if you are getting "medium format corrupted" errors
998from the disk in response to read and write requests.
999.Pp
1000Some disks take longer than others to format.
1001Users should specify a
1002timeout long enough to allow the format to complete.
1003The default format
1004timeout is 3 hours, which should be long enough for most disks.
1005Some hard
1006disks will complete a format operation in a very short period of time
1007(on the order of 5 minutes or less).
1008This is often because the drive
1009does not really support the FORMAT UNIT command -- it just accepts the
1010command, waits a few minutes and then returns it.
1011.Pp
1012The
1013.Sq format
1014subcommand takes several arguments that modify its default behavior.
1015The
1016.Fl q
1017and
1018.Fl y
1019arguments can be useful for scripts.
1020.Bl -tag -width 6n
1021.It Fl q
1022Be quiet, do not print any status messages.
1023This option will not disable
1024the questions, however.
1025To disable questions, use the
1026.Fl y
1027argument, below.
1028.It Fl r
1029Run in
1030.Dq report only
1031mode.
1032This will report status on a format that is already running on the drive.
1033.It Fl w
1034Issue a non-immediate format command.
1035By default,
1036.Nm
1037issues the FORMAT UNIT command with the immediate bit set.
1038This tells the
1039device to immediately return the format command, before the format has
1040actually completed.
1041Then,
1042.Nm
1043gathers
1044.Tn SCSI
1045sense information from the device every second to determine how far along
1046in the format process it is.
1047If the
1048.Fl w
1049argument is specified,
1050.Nm
1051will issue a non-immediate format command, and will be unable to print any
1052information to let the user know what percentage of the disk has been
1053formatted.
1054.It Fl y
1055Do not ask any questions.
1056By default,
1057.Nm
1058will ask the user if he/she really wants to format the disk in question,
1059and also if the default format command timeout is acceptable.
1060The user
1061will not be asked about the timeout if a timeout is specified on the
1062command line.
1063.El
1064.It Ic idle
1065Put ATA device into IDLE state. Optional parameter
1066.Pq Fl t
1067specifies automatic standby timer value in seconds. Value 0 disables timer.
1068.It Ic standby
1069Put ATA device into STANDBY state. Optional parameter
1070.Pq Fl t
1071specifies automatic standby timer value in seconds. Value 0 disables timer.
1072.It Ic sleep
1073Put ATA device into SLEEP state. Note that the only way get device out of
1074this state may be reset.
1075.It Ic fwdownload
1076Program firmware of the named SCSI device using the image file provided.
1077.Pp
1078Current list of supported vendors:
1079.Bl -bullet -offset indent -compact
1080.It
1081HITACHI
1082.It
1083HP
1084.It
1085IBM
1086.It
1087PLEXTOR
1088.It
1089QUANTUM
1090.It
1091SEAGATE
1092.El
1093.Pp
1094.Em WARNING! WARNING! WARNING!
1095.Pp
1096Little testing has been done to make sure that different device models from
1097each vendor work correctly with the fwdownload command.
1098A vendor name appearing in the supported list means only that firmware of at
1099least one device type from that vendor has successfully been programmed with
1100the fwdownload command.
1101Extra caution should be taken when using this command since there is no
1102guarantee it will not break a device from the listed vendors.
1103Ensure that you have a recent backup of the data on the device before
1104performing a firmware update.
1105.Bl -tag -width 11n
1106.It Fl f Ar fw_image
1107Path to the firmware image file to be downloaded to the specified device.
1108.It Fl y
1109Do not ask for confirmation.
1110.It Fl s
1111Run in simulation mode.
1112Packet sizes that will be sent are shown, but no actual packet is sent to the
1113device.
1114No confirmation is asked in simulation mode.
1115.It Fl v
1116Besides showing sense information in case of a failure, the verbose option
1117causes
1118.Nm
1119to output a line for every firmware segment that is sent to the device by the
1120fwdownload command
1121-- the same as the ones shown in simulation mode.
1122.El
1123.It Ic help
1124Print out verbose usage information.
1125.El
1126.Sh ENVIRONMENT
1127The
1128.Ev SCSI_MODES
1129variable allows the user to specify an alternate mode page format file.
1130.Pp
1131The
1132.Ev EDITOR
1133variable determines which text editor
1134.Nm
1135starts when editing mode pages.
1136.Sh FILES
1137.Bl -tag -width /usr/share/misc/scsi_modes -compact
1138.It Pa /usr/share/misc/scsi_modes
1139is the SCSI mode format database.
1140.It Pa /dev/xpt0
1141is the transport layer device.
1142.It Pa /dev/pass*
1143are the CAM application passthrough devices.
1144.El
1145.Sh EXAMPLES
1146.Dl camcontrol eject -n cd -u 1 -v
1147.Pp
1148Eject the CD from cd1, and print SCSI sense information if the command
1149fails.
1150.Pp
1151.Dl camcontrol tur da0
1152.Pp
1153Send the SCSI test unit ready command to da0.
1154The
1155.Nm
1156utility will report whether the disk is ready, but will not display sense
1157information if the command fails since the
1158.Fl v
1159switch was not specified.
1160.Bd -literal -offset indent
1161camcontrol tur da1 -E -C 4 -t 50 -v
1162.Ed
1163.Pp
1164Send a test unit ready command to da1.
1165Enable kernel error recovery.
1166Specify a retry count of 4, and a timeout of 50 seconds.
1167Enable sense
1168printing (with the
1169.Fl v
1170flag) if the command fails.
1171Since error recovery is turned on, the
1172disk will be spun up if it is not currently spinning.
1173The
1174.Nm
1175utility will report whether the disk is ready.
1176.Bd -literal -offset indent
1177camcontrol cmd -n cd -u 1 -v -c "3C 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0e 00" \e
1178	-i 0xe "s1 i3 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1 i1"
1179.Ed
1180.Pp
1181Issue a READ BUFFER command (0x3C) to cd1.
1182Display the buffer size of cd1,
1183and display the first 10 bytes from the cache on cd1.
1184Display SCSI sense
1185information if the command fails.
1186.Bd -literal -offset indent
1187camcontrol cmd -n cd -u 1 -v -c "3B 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0e 00" \e
1188	-o 14 "00 00 00 00 1 2 3 4 5 6 v v v v" 7 8 9 8
1189.Ed
1190.Pp
1191Issue a WRITE BUFFER (0x3B) command to cd1.
1192Write out 10 bytes of data,
1193not including the (reserved) 4 byte header.
1194Print out sense information if
1195the command fails.
1196Be very careful with this command, improper use may
1197cause data corruption.
1198.Bd -literal -offset indent
1199camcontrol modepage da3 -m 1 -e -P 3
1200.Ed
1201.Pp
1202Edit mode page 1 (the Read-Write Error Recover page) for da3, and save the
1203settings on the drive.
1204Mode page 1 contains a disk drive's auto read and
1205write reallocation settings, among other things.
1206.Pp
1207.Dl camcontrol rescan all
1208.Pp
1209Rescan all SCSI busses in the system for devices that have been added,
1210removed or changed.
1211.Pp
1212.Dl camcontrol rescan 0
1213.Pp
1214Rescan SCSI bus 0 for devices that have been added, removed or changed.
1215.Pp
1216.Dl camcontrol rescan 0:1:0
1217.Pp
1218Rescan SCSI bus 0, target 1, lun 0 to see if it has been added, removed, or
1219changed.
1220.Pp
1221.Dl camcontrol tags da5 -N 24
1222.Pp
1223Set the number of concurrent transactions for da5 to 24.
1224.Bd -literal -offset indent
1225camcontrol negotiate -n da -u 4 -T disable
1226.Ed
1227.Pp
1228Disable tagged queueing for da4.
1229.Bd -literal -offset indent
1230camcontrol negotiate -n da -u 3 -R 20.000 -O 15 -a
1231.Ed
1232.Pp
1233Negotiate a sync rate of 20MHz and an offset of 15 with da3.
1234Then send a
1235Test Unit Ready command to make the settings take effect.
1236.Bd -literal -offset indent
1237camcontrol smpcmd ses0 -v -r 4 "40 0 00 0" -R 1020 "s9 i1"
1238.Ed
1239.Pp
1240Send the SMP REPORT GENERAL command to ses0, and display the number of PHYs
1241it contains.
1242Display SMP errors if the command fails.
1243.Sh SEE ALSO
1244.Xr cam 3 ,
1245.Xr cam_cdbparse 3 ,
1246.Xr cam 4 ,
1247.Xr pass 4 ,
1248.Xr xpt 4
1249.Sh HISTORY
1250The
1251.Nm
1252utility first appeared in
1253.Fx 3.0 .
1254.Pp
1255The mode page editing code and arbitrary SCSI command code are based upon
1256code in the old
1257.Xr scsi 8
1258utility and
1259.Xr scsi 3
1260library, written by Julian Elischer and Peter Dufault.
1261The
1262.Xr scsi 8
1263program first appeared in
1264.Bx 386 0.1.2.4 ,
1265and first appeared in
1266.Fx
1267in
1268.Fx 2.0.5 .
1269.Sh AUTHORS
1270.An Kenneth Merry Aq ken@FreeBSD.org
1271.Sh BUGS
1272The code that parses the generic command line arguments does not know that
1273some of the subcommands take multiple arguments.
1274So if, for instance, you
1275tried something like this:
1276.Bd -literal -offset indent
1277camcontrol cmd -n da -u 1 -c "00 00 00 00 00 v" 0x00 -v
1278.Ed
1279.Pp
1280The sense information from the test unit ready command would not get
1281printed out, since the first
1282.Xr getopt 3
1283call in
1284.Nm
1285bails out when it sees the second argument to
1286.Fl c
1287(0x00),
1288above.
1289Fixing this behavior would take some gross code, or changes to the
1290.Xr getopt 3
1291interface.
1292The best way to circumvent this problem is to always make sure
1293to specify generic
1294.Nm
1295arguments before any command-specific arguments.
1296