xref: /freebsd/libexec/rtld-elf/rtld_lock.c (revision efe3b0de1438e7a8473d92f2be57072394559e3c)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright 1999, 2000 John D. Polstra.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
16  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
17  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
18  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
19  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
20  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
21  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
22  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
23  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
24  *
25  *	from: FreeBSD: src/libexec/rtld-elf/sparc64/lockdflt.c,v 1.3 2002/10/09
26  * $FreeBSD$
27  */
28 
29 /*
30  * Thread locking implementation for the dynamic linker.
31  *
32  * We use the "simple, non-scalable reader-preference lock" from:
33  *
34  *   J. M. Mellor-Crummey and M. L. Scott. "Scalable Reader-Writer
35  *   Synchronization for Shared-Memory Multiprocessors." 3rd ACM Symp. on
36  *   Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming, April 1991.
37  *
38  * In this algorithm the lock is a single word.  Its low-order bit is
39  * set when a writer holds the lock.  The remaining high-order bits
40  * contain a count of readers desiring the lock.  The algorithm requires
41  * atomic "compare_and_store" and "add" operations, which we take
42  * from machine/atomic.h.
43  */
44 
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <signal.h>
47 #include <stdlib.h>
48 #include <time.h>
49 
50 #include "debug.h"
51 #include "rtld.h"
52 #include "rtld_machdep.h"
53 
54 void _rtld_thread_init(struct RtldLockInfo *) __exported;
55 void _rtld_atfork_pre(int *) __exported;
56 void _rtld_atfork_post(int *) __exported;
57 
58 #define WAFLAG		0x1	/* A writer holds the lock */
59 #define RC_INCR		0x2	/* Adjusts count of readers desiring lock */
60 
61 typedef struct Struct_Lock {
62 	volatile u_int lock;
63 	void *base;
64 } Lock;
65 
66 static sigset_t fullsigmask, oldsigmask;
67 static int thread_flag, wnested;
68 
69 static void *
70 def_lock_create(void)
71 {
72     void *base;
73     char *p;
74     uintptr_t r;
75     Lock *l;
76 
77     /*
78      * Arrange for the lock to occupy its own cache line.  First, we
79      * optimistically allocate just a cache line, hoping that malloc
80      * will give us a well-aligned block of memory.  If that doesn't
81      * work, we allocate a larger block and take a well-aligned cache
82      * line from it.
83      */
84     base = xmalloc(CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
85     p = (char *)base;
86     if ((uintptr_t)p % CACHE_LINE_SIZE != 0) {
87 	free(base);
88 	base = xmalloc(2 * CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
89 	p = (char *)base;
90 	if ((r = (uintptr_t)p % CACHE_LINE_SIZE) != 0)
91 	    p += CACHE_LINE_SIZE - r;
92     }
93     l = (Lock *)p;
94     l->base = base;
95     l->lock = 0;
96     return l;
97 }
98 
99 static void
100 def_lock_destroy(void *lock)
101 {
102     Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
103 
104     free(l->base);
105 }
106 
107 static void
108 def_rlock_acquire(void *lock)
109 {
110     Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
111 
112     atomic_add_acq_int(&l->lock, RC_INCR);
113     while (l->lock & WAFLAG)
114 	    ;	/* Spin */
115 }
116 
117 static void
118 def_wlock_acquire(void *lock)
119 {
120 	Lock *l;
121 	sigset_t tmp_oldsigmask;
122 
123 	l = (Lock *)lock;
124 	for (;;) {
125 		sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &fullsigmask, &tmp_oldsigmask);
126 		if (atomic_cmpset_acq_int(&l->lock, 0, WAFLAG))
127 			break;
128 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &tmp_oldsigmask, NULL);
129 	}
130 	if (atomic_fetchadd_int(&wnested, 1) == 0)
131 		oldsigmask = tmp_oldsigmask;
132 }
133 
134 static void
135 def_lock_release(void *lock)
136 {
137 	Lock *l;
138 
139 	l = (Lock *)lock;
140 	if ((l->lock & WAFLAG) == 0)
141 		atomic_add_rel_int(&l->lock, -RC_INCR);
142 	else {
143 		assert(wnested > 0);
144 		atomic_add_rel_int(&l->lock, -WAFLAG);
145 		if (atomic_fetchadd_int(&wnested, -1) == 1)
146 			sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldsigmask, NULL);
147 	}
148 }
149 
150 static int
151 def_thread_set_flag(int mask)
152 {
153 	int old_val = thread_flag;
154 	thread_flag |= mask;
155 	return (old_val);
156 }
157 
158 static int
159 def_thread_clr_flag(int mask)
160 {
161 	int old_val = thread_flag;
162 	thread_flag &= ~mask;
163 	return (old_val);
164 }
165 
166 /*
167  * Public interface exposed to the rest of the dynamic linker.
168  */
169 static struct RtldLockInfo lockinfo;
170 static struct RtldLockInfo deflockinfo;
171 
172 static __inline int
173 thread_mask_set(int mask)
174 {
175 	return lockinfo.thread_set_flag(mask);
176 }
177 
178 static __inline void
179 thread_mask_clear(int mask)
180 {
181 	lockinfo.thread_clr_flag(mask);
182 }
183 
184 #define	RTLD_LOCK_CNT	3
185 struct rtld_lock {
186 	void	*handle;
187 	int	 mask;
188 } rtld_locks[RTLD_LOCK_CNT];
189 
190 rtld_lock_t	rtld_bind_lock = &rtld_locks[0];
191 rtld_lock_t	rtld_libc_lock = &rtld_locks[1];
192 rtld_lock_t	rtld_phdr_lock = &rtld_locks[2];
193 
194 void
195 rlock_acquire(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
196 {
197 
198 	if (lockstate == NULL)
199 		return;
200 
201 	if (thread_mask_set(lock->mask) & lock->mask) {
202 		dbg("rlock_acquire: recursed");
203 		lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
204 		return;
205 	}
206 	lockinfo.rlock_acquire(lock->handle);
207 	lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED;
208 }
209 
210 void
211 wlock_acquire(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
212 {
213 
214 	if (lockstate == NULL)
215 		return;
216 
217 	if (thread_mask_set(lock->mask) & lock->mask) {
218 		dbg("wlock_acquire: recursed");
219 		lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
220 		return;
221 	}
222 	lockinfo.wlock_acquire(lock->handle);
223 	lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED;
224 }
225 
226 void
227 lock_release(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
228 {
229 
230 	if (lockstate == NULL)
231 		return;
232 
233 	switch (lockstate->lockstate) {
234 	case RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED:
235 		break;
236 	case RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED:
237 	case RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED:
238 		thread_mask_clear(lock->mask);
239 		lockinfo.lock_release(lock->handle);
240 		break;
241 	default:
242 		assert(0);
243 	}
244 }
245 
246 void
247 lock_upgrade(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
248 {
249 
250 	if (lockstate == NULL)
251 		return;
252 
253 	lock_release(lock, lockstate);
254 	wlock_acquire(lock, lockstate);
255 }
256 
257 void
258 lock_restart_for_upgrade(RtldLockState *lockstate)
259 {
260 
261 	if (lockstate == NULL)
262 		return;
263 
264 	switch (lockstate->lockstate) {
265 	case RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED:
266 	case RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED:
267 		break;
268 	case RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED:
269 		siglongjmp(lockstate->env, 1);
270 		break;
271 	default:
272 		assert(0);
273 	}
274 }
275 
276 void
277 lockdflt_init(void)
278 {
279     int i;
280 
281     deflockinfo.rtli_version  = RTLI_VERSION;
282     deflockinfo.lock_create   = def_lock_create;
283     deflockinfo.lock_destroy  = def_lock_destroy;
284     deflockinfo.rlock_acquire = def_rlock_acquire;
285     deflockinfo.wlock_acquire = def_wlock_acquire;
286     deflockinfo.lock_release  = def_lock_release;
287     deflockinfo.thread_set_flag = def_thread_set_flag;
288     deflockinfo.thread_clr_flag = def_thread_clr_flag;
289     deflockinfo.at_fork = NULL;
290 
291     for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
292 	    rtld_locks[i].mask   = (1 << i);
293 	    rtld_locks[i].handle = NULL;
294     }
295 
296     memcpy(&lockinfo, &deflockinfo, sizeof(lockinfo));
297     _rtld_thread_init(NULL);
298     /*
299      * Construct a mask to block all signals except traps which might
300      * conceivably be generated within the dynamic linker itself.
301      */
302     sigfillset(&fullsigmask);
303     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGILL);
304     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGTRAP);
305     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGABRT);
306     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGEMT);
307     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGFPE);
308     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGBUS);
309     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGSEGV);
310     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGSYS);
311 }
312 
313 /*
314  * Callback function to allow threads implementation to
315  * register their own locking primitives if the default
316  * one is not suitable.
317  * The current context should be the only context
318  * executing at the invocation time.
319  */
320 void
321 _rtld_thread_init(struct RtldLockInfo *pli)
322 {
323 	int flags, i;
324 	void *locks[RTLD_LOCK_CNT];
325 
326 	/* disable all locking while this function is running */
327 	flags =	thread_mask_set(~0);
328 
329 	if (pli == NULL)
330 		pli = &deflockinfo;
331 
332 
333 	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++)
334 		if ((locks[i] = pli->lock_create()) == NULL)
335 			break;
336 
337 	if (i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT) {
338 		while (--i >= 0)
339 			pli->lock_destroy(locks[i]);
340 		abort();
341 	}
342 
343 	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
344 		if (rtld_locks[i].handle == NULL)
345 			continue;
346 		if (flags & rtld_locks[i].mask)
347 			lockinfo.lock_release(rtld_locks[i].handle);
348 		lockinfo.lock_destroy(rtld_locks[i].handle);
349 	}
350 
351 	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
352 		rtld_locks[i].handle = locks[i];
353 		if (flags & rtld_locks[i].mask)
354 			pli->wlock_acquire(rtld_locks[i].handle);
355 	}
356 
357 	lockinfo.lock_create = pli->lock_create;
358 	lockinfo.lock_destroy = pli->lock_destroy;
359 	lockinfo.rlock_acquire = pli->rlock_acquire;
360 	lockinfo.wlock_acquire = pli->wlock_acquire;
361 	lockinfo.lock_release  = pli->lock_release;
362 	lockinfo.thread_set_flag = pli->thread_set_flag;
363 	lockinfo.thread_clr_flag = pli->thread_clr_flag;
364 	lockinfo.at_fork = pli->at_fork;
365 
366 	/* restore thread locking state, this time with new locks */
367 	thread_mask_clear(~0);
368 	thread_mask_set(flags);
369 	dbg("_rtld_thread_init: done");
370 }
371 
372 void
373 _rtld_atfork_pre(int *locks)
374 {
375 	RtldLockState ls[2];
376 
377 	if (locks == NULL)
378 		return;
379 
380 	/*
381 	 * Warning: this did not worked well with the rtld compat
382 	 * locks above, when the thread signal mask was corrupted (set
383 	 * to all signals blocked) if two locks were taken
384 	 * simultaneously in the write mode.  The caller of the
385 	 * _rtld_atfork_pre() must provide the working implementation
386 	 * of the locks anyway, and libthr locks are fine.
387 	 */
388 	wlock_acquire(rtld_phdr_lock, &ls[0]);
389 	wlock_acquire(rtld_bind_lock, &ls[1]);
390 
391 	/* XXXKIB: I am really sorry for this. */
392 	locks[0] = ls[1].lockstate;
393 	locks[2] = ls[0].lockstate;
394 }
395 
396 void
397 _rtld_atfork_post(int *locks)
398 {
399 	RtldLockState ls[2];
400 
401 	if (locks == NULL)
402 		return;
403 
404 	bzero(ls, sizeof(ls));
405 	ls[0].lockstate = locks[2];
406 	ls[1].lockstate = locks[0];
407 	lock_release(rtld_bind_lock, &ls[1]);
408 	lock_release(rtld_phdr_lock, &ls[0]);
409 }
410