xref: /freebsd/libexec/rtld-elf/rtld_lock.c (revision bc96366c864c07ef352edb92017357917c75b36c)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright 1999, 2000 John D. Polstra.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
16  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
17  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
18  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
19  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
20  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
21  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
22  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
23  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
24  *
25  *	from: FreeBSD: src/libexec/rtld-elf/sparc64/lockdflt.c,v 1.3 2002/10/09
26  * $FreeBSD$
27  */
28 
29 /*
30  * Thread locking implementation for the dynamic linker.
31  *
32  * We use the "simple, non-scalable reader-preference lock" from:
33  *
34  *   J. M. Mellor-Crummey and M. L. Scott. "Scalable Reader-Writer
35  *   Synchronization for Shared-Memory Multiprocessors." 3rd ACM Symp. on
36  *   Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming, April 1991.
37  *
38  * In this algorithm the lock is a single word.  Its low-order bit is
39  * set when a writer holds the lock.  The remaining high-order bits
40  * contain a count of readers desiring the lock.  The algorithm requires
41  * atomic "compare_and_store" and "add" operations, which we implement
42  * using assembly language sequences in "rtld_start.S".
43  */
44 
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <signal.h>
47 #include <stdlib.h>
48 #include <time.h>
49 
50 #include "debug.h"
51 #include "rtld.h"
52 #include "rtld_machdep.h"
53 
54 #define WAFLAG		0x1	/* A writer holds the lock */
55 #define RC_INCR		0x2	/* Adjusts count of readers desiring lock */
56 
57 typedef struct Struct_Lock {
58 	volatile u_int lock;
59 	void *base;
60 } Lock;
61 
62 static sigset_t fullsigmask, oldsigmask;
63 static int thread_flag;
64 
65 static void *
66 def_lock_create()
67 {
68     void *base;
69     char *p;
70     uintptr_t r;
71     Lock *l;
72 
73     /*
74      * Arrange for the lock to occupy its own cache line.  First, we
75      * optimistically allocate just a cache line, hoping that malloc
76      * will give us a well-aligned block of memory.  If that doesn't
77      * work, we allocate a larger block and take a well-aligned cache
78      * line from it.
79      */
80     base = xmalloc(CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
81     p = (char *)base;
82     if ((uintptr_t)p % CACHE_LINE_SIZE != 0) {
83 	free(base);
84 	base = xmalloc(2 * CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
85 	p = (char *)base;
86 	if ((r = (uintptr_t)p % CACHE_LINE_SIZE) != 0)
87 	    p += CACHE_LINE_SIZE - r;
88     }
89     l = (Lock *)p;
90     l->base = base;
91     l->lock = 0;
92     return l;
93 }
94 
95 static void
96 def_lock_destroy(void *lock)
97 {
98     Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
99 
100     free(l->base);
101 }
102 
103 static void
104 def_rlock_acquire(void *lock)
105 {
106     Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
107 
108     atomic_add_acq_int(&l->lock, RC_INCR);
109     while (l->lock & WAFLAG)
110 	    ;	/* Spin */
111 }
112 
113 static void
114 def_wlock_acquire(void *lock)
115 {
116     Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
117     sigset_t tmp_oldsigmask;
118 
119     for ( ; ; ) {
120 	sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &fullsigmask, &tmp_oldsigmask);
121 	if (atomic_cmpset_acq_int(&l->lock, 0, WAFLAG))
122 	    break;
123 	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &tmp_oldsigmask, NULL);
124     }
125     oldsigmask = tmp_oldsigmask;
126 }
127 
128 static void
129 def_lock_release(void *lock)
130 {
131     Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
132 
133     if ((l->lock & WAFLAG) == 0)
134     	atomic_add_rel_int(&l->lock, -RC_INCR);
135     else {
136     	atomic_add_rel_int(&l->lock, -WAFLAG);
137     	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldsigmask, NULL);
138     }
139 }
140 
141 static int
142 def_thread_set_flag(int mask)
143 {
144 	int old_val = thread_flag;
145 	thread_flag |= mask;
146 	return (old_val);
147 }
148 
149 static int
150 def_thread_clr_flag(int mask)
151 {
152 	int old_val = thread_flag;
153 	thread_flag &= ~mask;
154 	return (old_val);
155 }
156 
157 /*
158  * Public interface exposed to the rest of the dynamic linker.
159  */
160 static struct RtldLockInfo lockinfo;
161 static struct RtldLockInfo deflockinfo;
162 
163 static __inline int
164 thread_mask_set(int mask)
165 {
166 	return lockinfo.thread_set_flag(mask);
167 }
168 
169 static __inline void
170 thread_mask_clear(int mask)
171 {
172 	lockinfo.thread_clr_flag(mask);
173 }
174 
175 #define	RTLD_LOCK_CNT	3
176 struct rtld_lock {
177 	void	*handle;
178 	int	 mask;
179 } rtld_locks[RTLD_LOCK_CNT];
180 
181 rtld_lock_t	rtld_bind_lock = &rtld_locks[0];
182 rtld_lock_t	rtld_libc_lock = &rtld_locks[1];
183 rtld_lock_t	rtld_phdr_lock = &rtld_locks[2];
184 
185 void
186 rlock_acquire(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
187 {
188 
189 	if (lockstate == NULL)
190 		return;
191 
192 	if (thread_mask_set(lock->mask) & lock->mask) {
193 		dbg("rlock_acquire: recursed");
194 		lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
195 		return;
196 	}
197 	lockinfo.rlock_acquire(lock->handle);
198 	lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED;
199 }
200 
201 void
202 wlock_acquire(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
203 {
204 
205 	if (lockstate == NULL)
206 		return;
207 
208 	if (thread_mask_set(lock->mask) & lock->mask) {
209 		dbg("wlock_acquire: recursed");
210 		lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
211 		return;
212 	}
213 	lockinfo.wlock_acquire(lock->handle);
214 	lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED;
215 }
216 
217 void
218 lock_release(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
219 {
220 
221 	if (lockstate == NULL)
222 		return;
223 
224 	switch (lockstate->lockstate) {
225 	case RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED:
226 		break;
227 	case RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED:
228 	case RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED:
229 		thread_mask_clear(lock->mask);
230 		lockinfo.lock_release(lock->handle);
231 		break;
232 	default:
233 		assert(0);
234 	}
235 }
236 
237 void
238 lock_upgrade(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
239 {
240 
241 	if (lockstate == NULL)
242 		return;
243 
244 	lock_release(lock, lockstate);
245 	wlock_acquire(lock, lockstate);
246 }
247 
248 void
249 lock_restart_for_upgrade(RtldLockState *lockstate)
250 {
251 
252 	if (lockstate == NULL)
253 		return;
254 
255 	switch (lockstate->lockstate) {
256 	case RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED:
257 	case RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED:
258 		break;
259 	case RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED:
260 		siglongjmp(lockstate->env, 1);
261 		break;
262 	default:
263 		assert(0);
264 	}
265 }
266 
267 void
268 lockdflt_init()
269 {
270     int i;
271 
272     deflockinfo.rtli_version  = RTLI_VERSION;
273     deflockinfo.lock_create   = def_lock_create;
274     deflockinfo.lock_destroy  = def_lock_destroy;
275     deflockinfo.rlock_acquire = def_rlock_acquire;
276     deflockinfo.wlock_acquire = def_wlock_acquire;
277     deflockinfo.lock_release  = def_lock_release;
278     deflockinfo.thread_set_flag = def_thread_set_flag;
279     deflockinfo.thread_clr_flag = def_thread_clr_flag;
280     deflockinfo.at_fork = NULL;
281 
282     for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
283 	    rtld_locks[i].mask   = (1 << i);
284 	    rtld_locks[i].handle = NULL;
285     }
286 
287     memcpy(&lockinfo, &deflockinfo, sizeof(lockinfo));
288     _rtld_thread_init(NULL);
289     /*
290      * Construct a mask to block all signals except traps which might
291      * conceivably be generated within the dynamic linker itself.
292      */
293     sigfillset(&fullsigmask);
294     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGILL);
295     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGTRAP);
296     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGABRT);
297     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGEMT);
298     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGFPE);
299     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGBUS);
300     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGSEGV);
301     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGSYS);
302 }
303 
304 /*
305  * Callback function to allow threads implementation to
306  * register their own locking primitives if the default
307  * one is not suitable.
308  * The current context should be the only context
309  * executing at the invocation time.
310  */
311 void
312 _rtld_thread_init(struct RtldLockInfo *pli)
313 {
314 	int flags, i;
315 	void *locks[RTLD_LOCK_CNT];
316 
317 	/* disable all locking while this function is running */
318 	flags =	thread_mask_set(~0);
319 
320 	if (pli == NULL)
321 		pli = &deflockinfo;
322 
323 
324 	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++)
325 		if ((locks[i] = pli->lock_create()) == NULL)
326 			break;
327 
328 	if (i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT) {
329 		while (--i >= 0)
330 			pli->lock_destroy(locks[i]);
331 		abort();
332 	}
333 
334 	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
335 		if (rtld_locks[i].handle == NULL)
336 			continue;
337 		if (flags & rtld_locks[i].mask)
338 			lockinfo.lock_release(rtld_locks[i].handle);
339 		lockinfo.lock_destroy(rtld_locks[i].handle);
340 	}
341 
342 	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
343 		rtld_locks[i].handle = locks[i];
344 		if (flags & rtld_locks[i].mask)
345 			pli->wlock_acquire(rtld_locks[i].handle);
346 	}
347 
348 	lockinfo.lock_create = pli->lock_create;
349 	lockinfo.lock_destroy = pli->lock_destroy;
350 	lockinfo.rlock_acquire = pli->rlock_acquire;
351 	lockinfo.wlock_acquire = pli->wlock_acquire;
352 	lockinfo.lock_release  = pli->lock_release;
353 	lockinfo.thread_set_flag = pli->thread_set_flag;
354 	lockinfo.thread_clr_flag = pli->thread_clr_flag;
355 	lockinfo.at_fork = pli->at_fork;
356 
357 	/* restore thread locking state, this time with new locks */
358 	thread_mask_clear(~0);
359 	thread_mask_set(flags);
360 	dbg("_rtld_thread_init: done");
361 }
362 
363 void
364 _rtld_atfork_pre(int *locks)
365 {
366 	RtldLockState ls[2];
367 
368 	if (locks == NULL)
369 		return;
370 
371 	/*
372 	 * Warning: this does not work with the rtld compat locks
373 	 * above, since the thread signal mask is corrupted (set to
374 	 * all signals blocked) if two locks are taken in write mode.
375 	 * The caller of the _rtld_atfork_pre() must provide the
376 	 * working implementation of the locks, and libthr locks are
377 	 * fine.
378 	 */
379 	wlock_acquire(rtld_phdr_lock, &ls[0]);
380 	wlock_acquire(rtld_bind_lock, &ls[1]);
381 
382 	/* XXXKIB: I am really sorry for this. */
383 	locks[0] = ls[1].lockstate;
384 	locks[2] = ls[0].lockstate;
385 }
386 
387 void
388 _rtld_atfork_post(int *locks)
389 {
390 	RtldLockState ls[2];
391 
392 	if (locks == NULL)
393 		return;
394 
395 	bzero(ls, sizeof(ls));
396 	ls[0].lockstate = locks[2];
397 	ls[1].lockstate = locks[0];
398 	lock_release(rtld_bind_lock, &ls[1]);
399 	lock_release(rtld_phdr_lock, &ls[0]);
400 }
401