xref: /freebsd/libexec/rtld-elf/rtld_lock.c (revision 98e0ffaefb0f241cda3a72395d3be04192ae0d47)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright 1999, 2000 John D. Polstra.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
16  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
17  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
18  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
19  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
20  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
21  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
22  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
23  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
24  *
25  *	from: FreeBSD: src/libexec/rtld-elf/sparc64/lockdflt.c,v 1.3 2002/10/09
26  * $FreeBSD$
27  */
28 
29 /*
30  * Thread locking implementation for the dynamic linker.
31  *
32  * We use the "simple, non-scalable reader-preference lock" from:
33  *
34  *   J. M. Mellor-Crummey and M. L. Scott. "Scalable Reader-Writer
35  *   Synchronization for Shared-Memory Multiprocessors." 3rd ACM Symp. on
36  *   Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming, April 1991.
37  *
38  * In this algorithm the lock is a single word.  Its low-order bit is
39  * set when a writer holds the lock.  The remaining high-order bits
40  * contain a count of readers desiring the lock.  The algorithm requires
41  * atomic "compare_and_store" and "add" operations, which we implement
42  * using assembly language sequences in "rtld_start.S".
43  */
44 
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <signal.h>
47 #include <stdlib.h>
48 #include <time.h>
49 
50 #include "debug.h"
51 #include "rtld.h"
52 #include "rtld_machdep.h"
53 
54 void _rtld_thread_init(struct RtldLockInfo *) __exported;
55 void _rtld_atfork_pre(int *) __exported;
56 void _rtld_atfork_post(int *) __exported;
57 
58 #define WAFLAG		0x1	/* A writer holds the lock */
59 #define RC_INCR		0x2	/* Adjusts count of readers desiring lock */
60 
61 typedef struct Struct_Lock {
62 	volatile u_int lock;
63 	void *base;
64 } Lock;
65 
66 static sigset_t fullsigmask, oldsigmask;
67 static int thread_flag;
68 
69 static void *
70 def_lock_create()
71 {
72     void *base;
73     char *p;
74     uintptr_t r;
75     Lock *l;
76 
77     /*
78      * Arrange for the lock to occupy its own cache line.  First, we
79      * optimistically allocate just a cache line, hoping that malloc
80      * will give us a well-aligned block of memory.  If that doesn't
81      * work, we allocate a larger block and take a well-aligned cache
82      * line from it.
83      */
84     base = xmalloc(CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
85     p = (char *)base;
86     if ((uintptr_t)p % CACHE_LINE_SIZE != 0) {
87 	free(base);
88 	base = xmalloc(2 * CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
89 	p = (char *)base;
90 	if ((r = (uintptr_t)p % CACHE_LINE_SIZE) != 0)
91 	    p += CACHE_LINE_SIZE - r;
92     }
93     l = (Lock *)p;
94     l->base = base;
95     l->lock = 0;
96     return l;
97 }
98 
99 static void
100 def_lock_destroy(void *lock)
101 {
102     Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
103 
104     free(l->base);
105 }
106 
107 static void
108 def_rlock_acquire(void *lock)
109 {
110     Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
111 
112     atomic_add_acq_int(&l->lock, RC_INCR);
113     while (l->lock & WAFLAG)
114 	    ;	/* Spin */
115 }
116 
117 static void
118 def_wlock_acquire(void *lock)
119 {
120     Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
121     sigset_t tmp_oldsigmask;
122 
123     for ( ; ; ) {
124 	sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &fullsigmask, &tmp_oldsigmask);
125 	if (atomic_cmpset_acq_int(&l->lock, 0, WAFLAG))
126 	    break;
127 	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &tmp_oldsigmask, NULL);
128     }
129     oldsigmask = tmp_oldsigmask;
130 }
131 
132 static void
133 def_lock_release(void *lock)
134 {
135     Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
136 
137     if ((l->lock & WAFLAG) == 0)
138     	atomic_add_rel_int(&l->lock, -RC_INCR);
139     else {
140     	atomic_add_rel_int(&l->lock, -WAFLAG);
141     	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldsigmask, NULL);
142     }
143 }
144 
145 static int
146 def_thread_set_flag(int mask)
147 {
148 	int old_val = thread_flag;
149 	thread_flag |= mask;
150 	return (old_val);
151 }
152 
153 static int
154 def_thread_clr_flag(int mask)
155 {
156 	int old_val = thread_flag;
157 	thread_flag &= ~mask;
158 	return (old_val);
159 }
160 
161 /*
162  * Public interface exposed to the rest of the dynamic linker.
163  */
164 static struct RtldLockInfo lockinfo;
165 static struct RtldLockInfo deflockinfo;
166 
167 static __inline int
168 thread_mask_set(int mask)
169 {
170 	return lockinfo.thread_set_flag(mask);
171 }
172 
173 static __inline void
174 thread_mask_clear(int mask)
175 {
176 	lockinfo.thread_clr_flag(mask);
177 }
178 
179 #define	RTLD_LOCK_CNT	3
180 struct rtld_lock {
181 	void	*handle;
182 	int	 mask;
183 } rtld_locks[RTLD_LOCK_CNT];
184 
185 rtld_lock_t	rtld_bind_lock = &rtld_locks[0];
186 rtld_lock_t	rtld_libc_lock = &rtld_locks[1];
187 rtld_lock_t	rtld_phdr_lock = &rtld_locks[2];
188 
189 void
190 rlock_acquire(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
191 {
192 
193 	if (lockstate == NULL)
194 		return;
195 
196 	if (thread_mask_set(lock->mask) & lock->mask) {
197 		dbg("rlock_acquire: recursed");
198 		lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
199 		return;
200 	}
201 	lockinfo.rlock_acquire(lock->handle);
202 	lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED;
203 }
204 
205 void
206 wlock_acquire(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
207 {
208 
209 	if (lockstate == NULL)
210 		return;
211 
212 	if (thread_mask_set(lock->mask) & lock->mask) {
213 		dbg("wlock_acquire: recursed");
214 		lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
215 		return;
216 	}
217 	lockinfo.wlock_acquire(lock->handle);
218 	lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED;
219 }
220 
221 void
222 lock_release(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
223 {
224 
225 	if (lockstate == NULL)
226 		return;
227 
228 	switch (lockstate->lockstate) {
229 	case RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED:
230 		break;
231 	case RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED:
232 	case RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED:
233 		thread_mask_clear(lock->mask);
234 		lockinfo.lock_release(lock->handle);
235 		break;
236 	default:
237 		assert(0);
238 	}
239 }
240 
241 void
242 lock_upgrade(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
243 {
244 
245 	if (lockstate == NULL)
246 		return;
247 
248 	lock_release(lock, lockstate);
249 	wlock_acquire(lock, lockstate);
250 }
251 
252 void
253 lock_restart_for_upgrade(RtldLockState *lockstate)
254 {
255 
256 	if (lockstate == NULL)
257 		return;
258 
259 	switch (lockstate->lockstate) {
260 	case RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED:
261 	case RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED:
262 		break;
263 	case RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED:
264 		siglongjmp(lockstate->env, 1);
265 		break;
266 	default:
267 		assert(0);
268 	}
269 }
270 
271 void
272 lockdflt_init()
273 {
274     int i;
275 
276     deflockinfo.rtli_version  = RTLI_VERSION;
277     deflockinfo.lock_create   = def_lock_create;
278     deflockinfo.lock_destroy  = def_lock_destroy;
279     deflockinfo.rlock_acquire = def_rlock_acquire;
280     deflockinfo.wlock_acquire = def_wlock_acquire;
281     deflockinfo.lock_release  = def_lock_release;
282     deflockinfo.thread_set_flag = def_thread_set_flag;
283     deflockinfo.thread_clr_flag = def_thread_clr_flag;
284     deflockinfo.at_fork = NULL;
285 
286     for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
287 	    rtld_locks[i].mask   = (1 << i);
288 	    rtld_locks[i].handle = NULL;
289     }
290 
291     memcpy(&lockinfo, &deflockinfo, sizeof(lockinfo));
292     _rtld_thread_init(NULL);
293     /*
294      * Construct a mask to block all signals except traps which might
295      * conceivably be generated within the dynamic linker itself.
296      */
297     sigfillset(&fullsigmask);
298     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGILL);
299     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGTRAP);
300     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGABRT);
301     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGEMT);
302     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGFPE);
303     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGBUS);
304     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGSEGV);
305     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGSYS);
306 }
307 
308 /*
309  * Callback function to allow threads implementation to
310  * register their own locking primitives if the default
311  * one is not suitable.
312  * The current context should be the only context
313  * executing at the invocation time.
314  */
315 void
316 _rtld_thread_init(struct RtldLockInfo *pli)
317 {
318 	int flags, i;
319 	void *locks[RTLD_LOCK_CNT];
320 
321 	/* disable all locking while this function is running */
322 	flags =	thread_mask_set(~0);
323 
324 	if (pli == NULL)
325 		pli = &deflockinfo;
326 
327 
328 	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++)
329 		if ((locks[i] = pli->lock_create()) == NULL)
330 			break;
331 
332 	if (i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT) {
333 		while (--i >= 0)
334 			pli->lock_destroy(locks[i]);
335 		abort();
336 	}
337 
338 	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
339 		if (rtld_locks[i].handle == NULL)
340 			continue;
341 		if (flags & rtld_locks[i].mask)
342 			lockinfo.lock_release(rtld_locks[i].handle);
343 		lockinfo.lock_destroy(rtld_locks[i].handle);
344 	}
345 
346 	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
347 		rtld_locks[i].handle = locks[i];
348 		if (flags & rtld_locks[i].mask)
349 			pli->wlock_acquire(rtld_locks[i].handle);
350 	}
351 
352 	lockinfo.lock_create = pli->lock_create;
353 	lockinfo.lock_destroy = pli->lock_destroy;
354 	lockinfo.rlock_acquire = pli->rlock_acquire;
355 	lockinfo.wlock_acquire = pli->wlock_acquire;
356 	lockinfo.lock_release  = pli->lock_release;
357 	lockinfo.thread_set_flag = pli->thread_set_flag;
358 	lockinfo.thread_clr_flag = pli->thread_clr_flag;
359 	lockinfo.at_fork = pli->at_fork;
360 
361 	/* restore thread locking state, this time with new locks */
362 	thread_mask_clear(~0);
363 	thread_mask_set(flags);
364 	dbg("_rtld_thread_init: done");
365 }
366 
367 void
368 _rtld_atfork_pre(int *locks)
369 {
370 	RtldLockState ls[2];
371 
372 	if (locks == NULL)
373 		return;
374 
375 	/*
376 	 * Warning: this does not work with the rtld compat locks
377 	 * above, since the thread signal mask is corrupted (set to
378 	 * all signals blocked) if two locks are taken in write mode.
379 	 * The caller of the _rtld_atfork_pre() must provide the
380 	 * working implementation of the locks, and libthr locks are
381 	 * fine.
382 	 */
383 	wlock_acquire(rtld_phdr_lock, &ls[0]);
384 	wlock_acquire(rtld_bind_lock, &ls[1]);
385 
386 	/* XXXKIB: I am really sorry for this. */
387 	locks[0] = ls[1].lockstate;
388 	locks[2] = ls[0].lockstate;
389 }
390 
391 void
392 _rtld_atfork_post(int *locks)
393 {
394 	RtldLockState ls[2];
395 
396 	if (locks == NULL)
397 		return;
398 
399 	bzero(ls, sizeof(ls));
400 	ls[0].lockstate = locks[2];
401 	ls[1].lockstate = locks[0];
402 	lock_release(rtld_bind_lock, &ls[1]);
403 	lock_release(rtld_phdr_lock, &ls[0]);
404 }
405