xref: /freebsd/libexec/rtld-elf/rtld_lock.c (revision 6966ac055c3b7a39266fb982493330df7a097997)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright 1999, 2000 John D. Polstra.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
18  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
19  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
21  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
22  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
23  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
24  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
25  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26  *
27  *	from: FreeBSD: src/libexec/rtld-elf/sparc64/lockdflt.c,v 1.3 2002/10/09
28  * $FreeBSD$
29  */
30 
31 /*
32  * Thread locking implementation for the dynamic linker.
33  *
34  * We use the "simple, non-scalable reader-preference lock" from:
35  *
36  *   J. M. Mellor-Crummey and M. L. Scott. "Scalable Reader-Writer
37  *   Synchronization for Shared-Memory Multiprocessors." 3rd ACM Symp. on
38  *   Principles and Practice of Parallel Programming, April 1991.
39  *
40  * In this algorithm the lock is a single word.  Its low-order bit is
41  * set when a writer holds the lock.  The remaining high-order bits
42  * contain a count of readers desiring the lock.  The algorithm requires
43  * atomic "compare_and_store" and "add" operations, which we take
44  * from machine/atomic.h.
45  */
46 
47 #include <sys/param.h>
48 #include <signal.h>
49 #include <stdlib.h>
50 #include <time.h>
51 
52 #include "debug.h"
53 #include "rtld.h"
54 #include "rtld_machdep.h"
55 #include "rtld_libc.h"
56 
57 void _rtld_thread_init(struct RtldLockInfo *) __exported;
58 void _rtld_atfork_pre(int *) __exported;
59 void _rtld_atfork_post(int *) __exported;
60 
61 #define WAFLAG		0x1	/* A writer holds the lock */
62 #define RC_INCR		0x2	/* Adjusts count of readers desiring lock */
63 
64 typedef struct Struct_Lock {
65 	volatile u_int lock;
66 	void *base;
67 } Lock;
68 
69 static sigset_t fullsigmask, oldsigmask;
70 static int thread_flag, wnested;
71 
72 static void *
73 def_lock_create(void)
74 {
75     void *base;
76     char *p;
77     uintptr_t r;
78     Lock *l;
79 
80     /*
81      * Arrange for the lock to occupy its own cache line.  First, we
82      * optimistically allocate just a cache line, hoping that malloc
83      * will give us a well-aligned block of memory.  If that doesn't
84      * work, we allocate a larger block and take a well-aligned cache
85      * line from it.
86      */
87     base = xmalloc(CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
88     p = (char *)base;
89     if ((uintptr_t)p % CACHE_LINE_SIZE != 0) {
90 	free(base);
91 	base = xmalloc(2 * CACHE_LINE_SIZE);
92 	p = (char *)base;
93 	if ((r = (uintptr_t)p % CACHE_LINE_SIZE) != 0)
94 	    p += CACHE_LINE_SIZE - r;
95     }
96     l = (Lock *)p;
97     l->base = base;
98     l->lock = 0;
99     return l;
100 }
101 
102 static void
103 def_lock_destroy(void *lock)
104 {
105     Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
106 
107     free(l->base);
108 }
109 
110 static void
111 def_rlock_acquire(void *lock)
112 {
113     Lock *l = (Lock *)lock;
114 
115     atomic_add_acq_int(&l->lock, RC_INCR);
116     while (l->lock & WAFLAG)
117 	    ;	/* Spin */
118 }
119 
120 static void
121 def_wlock_acquire(void *lock)
122 {
123 	Lock *l;
124 	sigset_t tmp_oldsigmask;
125 
126 	l = (Lock *)lock;
127 	for (;;) {
128 		sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &fullsigmask, &tmp_oldsigmask);
129 		if (atomic_cmpset_acq_int(&l->lock, 0, WAFLAG))
130 			break;
131 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &tmp_oldsigmask, NULL);
132 	}
133 	if (atomic_fetchadd_int(&wnested, 1) == 0)
134 		oldsigmask = tmp_oldsigmask;
135 }
136 
137 static void
138 def_lock_release(void *lock)
139 {
140 	Lock *l;
141 
142 	l = (Lock *)lock;
143 	if ((l->lock & WAFLAG) == 0)
144 		atomic_add_rel_int(&l->lock, -RC_INCR);
145 	else {
146 		assert(wnested > 0);
147 		atomic_add_rel_int(&l->lock, -WAFLAG);
148 		if (atomic_fetchadd_int(&wnested, -1) == 1)
149 			sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oldsigmask, NULL);
150 	}
151 }
152 
153 static int
154 def_thread_set_flag(int mask)
155 {
156 	int old_val = thread_flag;
157 	thread_flag |= mask;
158 	return (old_val);
159 }
160 
161 static int
162 def_thread_clr_flag(int mask)
163 {
164 	int old_val = thread_flag;
165 	thread_flag &= ~mask;
166 	return (old_val);
167 }
168 
169 /*
170  * Public interface exposed to the rest of the dynamic linker.
171  */
172 static struct RtldLockInfo lockinfo;
173 static struct RtldLockInfo deflockinfo;
174 
175 static __inline int
176 thread_mask_set(int mask)
177 {
178 	return lockinfo.thread_set_flag(mask);
179 }
180 
181 static __inline void
182 thread_mask_clear(int mask)
183 {
184 	lockinfo.thread_clr_flag(mask);
185 }
186 
187 #define	RTLD_LOCK_CNT	3
188 static struct rtld_lock {
189 	void	*handle;
190 	int	 mask;
191 } rtld_locks[RTLD_LOCK_CNT];
192 
193 rtld_lock_t	rtld_bind_lock = &rtld_locks[0];
194 rtld_lock_t	rtld_libc_lock = &rtld_locks[1];
195 rtld_lock_t	rtld_phdr_lock = &rtld_locks[2];
196 
197 void
198 rlock_acquire(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
199 {
200 
201 	if (lockstate == NULL)
202 		return;
203 
204 	if (thread_mask_set(lock->mask) & lock->mask) {
205 		dbg("rlock_acquire: recursed");
206 		lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
207 		return;
208 	}
209 	lockinfo.rlock_acquire(lock->handle);
210 	lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED;
211 }
212 
213 void
214 wlock_acquire(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
215 {
216 
217 	if (lockstate == NULL)
218 		return;
219 
220 	if (thread_mask_set(lock->mask) & lock->mask) {
221 		dbg("wlock_acquire: recursed");
222 		lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
223 		return;
224 	}
225 	lockinfo.wlock_acquire(lock->handle);
226 	lockstate->lockstate = RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED;
227 }
228 
229 void
230 lock_release(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
231 {
232 
233 	if (lockstate == NULL)
234 		return;
235 
236 	switch (lockstate->lockstate) {
237 	case RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED:
238 		break;
239 	case RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED:
240 	case RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED:
241 		thread_mask_clear(lock->mask);
242 		lockinfo.lock_release(lock->handle);
243 		break;
244 	default:
245 		assert(0);
246 	}
247 }
248 
249 void
250 lock_upgrade(rtld_lock_t lock, RtldLockState *lockstate)
251 {
252 
253 	if (lockstate == NULL)
254 		return;
255 
256 	lock_release(lock, lockstate);
257 	wlock_acquire(lock, lockstate);
258 }
259 
260 void
261 lock_restart_for_upgrade(RtldLockState *lockstate)
262 {
263 
264 	if (lockstate == NULL)
265 		return;
266 
267 	switch (lockstate->lockstate) {
268 	case RTLD_LOCK_UNLOCKED:
269 	case RTLD_LOCK_WLOCKED:
270 		break;
271 	case RTLD_LOCK_RLOCKED:
272 		siglongjmp(lockstate->env, 1);
273 		break;
274 	default:
275 		assert(0);
276 	}
277 }
278 
279 void
280 lockdflt_init(void)
281 {
282     int i;
283 
284     deflockinfo.rtli_version  = RTLI_VERSION;
285     deflockinfo.lock_create   = def_lock_create;
286     deflockinfo.lock_destroy  = def_lock_destroy;
287     deflockinfo.rlock_acquire = def_rlock_acquire;
288     deflockinfo.wlock_acquire = def_wlock_acquire;
289     deflockinfo.lock_release  = def_lock_release;
290     deflockinfo.thread_set_flag = def_thread_set_flag;
291     deflockinfo.thread_clr_flag = def_thread_clr_flag;
292     deflockinfo.at_fork = NULL;
293 
294     for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
295 	    rtld_locks[i].mask   = (1 << i);
296 	    rtld_locks[i].handle = NULL;
297     }
298 
299     memcpy(&lockinfo, &deflockinfo, sizeof(lockinfo));
300     _rtld_thread_init(NULL);
301     /*
302      * Construct a mask to block all signals except traps which might
303      * conceivably be generated within the dynamic linker itself.
304      */
305     sigfillset(&fullsigmask);
306     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGILL);
307     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGTRAP);
308     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGABRT);
309     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGEMT);
310     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGFPE);
311     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGBUS);
312     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGSEGV);
313     sigdelset(&fullsigmask, SIGSYS);
314 }
315 
316 /*
317  * Callback function to allow threads implementation to
318  * register their own locking primitives if the default
319  * one is not suitable.
320  * The current context should be the only context
321  * executing at the invocation time.
322  */
323 void
324 _rtld_thread_init(struct RtldLockInfo *pli)
325 {
326 	int flags, i;
327 	void *locks[RTLD_LOCK_CNT];
328 
329 	/* disable all locking while this function is running */
330 	flags =	thread_mask_set(~0);
331 
332 	if (pli == NULL)
333 		pli = &deflockinfo;
334 
335 
336 	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++)
337 		if ((locks[i] = pli->lock_create()) == NULL)
338 			break;
339 
340 	if (i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT) {
341 		while (--i >= 0)
342 			pli->lock_destroy(locks[i]);
343 		abort();
344 	}
345 
346 	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
347 		if (rtld_locks[i].handle == NULL)
348 			continue;
349 		if (flags & rtld_locks[i].mask)
350 			lockinfo.lock_release(rtld_locks[i].handle);
351 		lockinfo.lock_destroy(rtld_locks[i].handle);
352 	}
353 
354 	for (i = 0; i < RTLD_LOCK_CNT; i++) {
355 		rtld_locks[i].handle = locks[i];
356 		if (flags & rtld_locks[i].mask)
357 			pli->wlock_acquire(rtld_locks[i].handle);
358 	}
359 
360 	lockinfo.lock_create = pli->lock_create;
361 	lockinfo.lock_destroy = pli->lock_destroy;
362 	lockinfo.rlock_acquire = pli->rlock_acquire;
363 	lockinfo.wlock_acquire = pli->wlock_acquire;
364 	lockinfo.lock_release  = pli->lock_release;
365 	lockinfo.thread_set_flag = pli->thread_set_flag;
366 	lockinfo.thread_clr_flag = pli->thread_clr_flag;
367 	lockinfo.at_fork = pli->at_fork;
368 
369 	/* restore thread locking state, this time with new locks */
370 	thread_mask_clear(~0);
371 	thread_mask_set(flags);
372 	dbg("_rtld_thread_init: done");
373 }
374 
375 void
376 _rtld_atfork_pre(int *locks)
377 {
378 	RtldLockState ls[2];
379 
380 	if (locks == NULL)
381 		return;
382 
383 	/*
384 	 * Warning: this did not worked well with the rtld compat
385 	 * locks above, when the thread signal mask was corrupted (set
386 	 * to all signals blocked) if two locks were taken
387 	 * simultaneously in the write mode.  The caller of the
388 	 * _rtld_atfork_pre() must provide the working implementation
389 	 * of the locks anyway, and libthr locks are fine.
390 	 */
391 	wlock_acquire(rtld_phdr_lock, &ls[0]);
392 	wlock_acquire(rtld_bind_lock, &ls[1]);
393 
394 	/* XXXKIB: I am really sorry for this. */
395 	locks[0] = ls[1].lockstate;
396 	locks[2] = ls[0].lockstate;
397 }
398 
399 void
400 _rtld_atfork_post(int *locks)
401 {
402 	RtldLockState ls[2];
403 
404 	if (locks == NULL)
405 		return;
406 
407 	bzero(ls, sizeof(ls));
408 	ls[0].lockstate = locks[2];
409 	ls[1].lockstate = locks[0];
410 	lock_release(rtld_bind_lock, &ls[1]);
411 	lock_release(rtld_phdr_lock, &ls[0]);
412 }
413