xref: /freebsd/libexec/rtld-elf/rtld.h (revision f4b37ed0f8b307b1f3f0f630ca725d68f1dff30d)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 John D. Polstra.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
16  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
17  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
18  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
19  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
20  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
21  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
22  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
23  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
24  *
25  * $FreeBSD$
26  */
27 
28 #ifndef RTLD_H /* { */
29 #define RTLD_H 1
30 
31 #include <machine/elf.h>
32 #include <sys/types.h>
33 #include <sys/queue.h>
34 
35 #include <elf-hints.h>
36 #include <link.h>
37 #include <stdarg.h>
38 #include <setjmp.h>
39 #include <stddef.h>
40 
41 #include "rtld_lock.h"
42 #include "rtld_machdep.h"
43 
44 #ifdef COMPAT_32BIT
45 #undef STANDARD_LIBRARY_PATH
46 #undef _PATH_ELF_HINTS
47 #define	_PATH_ELF_HINTS		"/var/run/ld-elf32.so.hints"
48 /* For running 32 bit binaries  */
49 #define	STANDARD_LIBRARY_PATH	"/lib32:/usr/lib32"
50 #define LD_ "LD_32_"
51 #endif
52 
53 #ifndef STANDARD_LIBRARY_PATH
54 #define STANDARD_LIBRARY_PATH	"/lib:/usr/lib"
55 #endif
56 #ifndef LD_
57 #define LD_ "LD_"
58 #endif
59 
60 #define NEW(type)	((type *) xmalloc(sizeof(type)))
61 #define CNEW(type)	((type *) xcalloc(1, sizeof(type)))
62 
63 /* We might as well do booleans like C++. */
64 typedef unsigned char bool;
65 #define false	0
66 #define true	1
67 
68 extern size_t tls_last_offset;
69 extern size_t tls_last_size;
70 extern size_t tls_static_space;
71 extern int tls_dtv_generation;
72 extern int tls_max_index;
73 
74 extern int npagesizes;
75 extern size_t *pagesizes;
76 
77 extern int main_argc;
78 extern char **main_argv;
79 extern char **environ;
80 
81 struct stat;
82 struct Struct_Obj_Entry;
83 
84 /* Lists of shared objects */
85 typedef struct Struct_Objlist_Entry {
86     STAILQ_ENTRY(Struct_Objlist_Entry) link;
87     struct Struct_Obj_Entry *obj;
88 } Objlist_Entry;
89 
90 typedef STAILQ_HEAD(Struct_Objlist, Struct_Objlist_Entry) Objlist;
91 
92 /* Types of init and fini functions */
93 typedef void (*InitFunc)(void);
94 typedef void (*InitArrFunc)(int, char **, char **);
95 
96 /* Lists of shared object dependencies */
97 typedef struct Struct_Needed_Entry {
98     struct Struct_Needed_Entry *next;
99     struct Struct_Obj_Entry *obj;
100     unsigned long name;		/* Offset of name in string table */
101 } Needed_Entry;
102 
103 typedef struct Struct_Name_Entry {
104     STAILQ_ENTRY(Struct_Name_Entry) link;
105     char   name[1];
106 } Name_Entry;
107 
108 /* Lock object */
109 typedef struct Struct_LockInfo {
110     void *context;		/* Client context for creating locks */
111     void *thelock;		/* The one big lock */
112     /* Debugging aids. */
113     volatile int rcount;	/* Number of readers holding lock */
114     volatile int wcount;	/* Number of writers holding lock */
115     /* Methods */
116     void *(*lock_create)(void *context);
117     void (*rlock_acquire)(void *lock);
118     void (*wlock_acquire)(void *lock);
119     void (*rlock_release)(void *lock);
120     void (*wlock_release)(void *lock);
121     void (*lock_destroy)(void *lock);
122     void (*context_destroy)(void *context);
123 } LockInfo;
124 
125 typedef struct Struct_Ver_Entry {
126 	Elf_Word     hash;
127 	unsigned int flags;
128 	const char  *name;
129 	const char  *file;
130 } Ver_Entry;
131 
132 typedef struct Struct_Sym_Match_Result {
133     const Elf_Sym *sym_out;
134     const Elf_Sym *vsymp;
135     int vcount;
136 } Sym_Match_Result;
137 
138 #define VER_INFO_HIDDEN	0x01
139 
140 /*
141  * Shared object descriptor.
142  *
143  * Items marked with "(%)" are dynamically allocated, and must be freed
144  * when the structure is destroyed.
145  *
146  * CAUTION: It appears that the JDK port peeks into these structures.
147  * It looks at "next" and "mapbase" at least.  Don't add new members
148  * near the front, until this can be straightened out.
149  */
150 typedef struct Struct_Obj_Entry {
151     /*
152      * These two items have to be set right for compatibility with the
153      * original ElfKit crt1.o.
154      */
155     Elf_Size magic;		/* Magic number (sanity check) */
156     Elf_Size version;		/* Version number of struct format */
157 
158     struct Struct_Obj_Entry *next;
159     char *path;			/* Pathname of underlying file (%) */
160     char *origin_path;		/* Directory path of origin file */
161     int refcount;
162     int dl_refcount;		/* Number of times loaded by dlopen */
163 
164     /* These items are computed by map_object() or by digest_phdr(). */
165     caddr_t mapbase;		/* Base address of mapped region */
166     size_t mapsize;		/* Size of mapped region in bytes */
167     size_t textsize;		/* Size of text segment in bytes */
168     Elf_Addr vaddrbase;		/* Base address in shared object file */
169     caddr_t relocbase;		/* Relocation constant = mapbase - vaddrbase */
170     const Elf_Dyn *dynamic;	/* Dynamic section */
171     caddr_t entry;		/* Entry point */
172     const Elf_Phdr *phdr;	/* Program header if it is mapped, else NULL */
173     size_t phsize;		/* Size of program header in bytes */
174     const char *interp;		/* Pathname of the interpreter, if any */
175     Elf_Word stack_flags;
176 
177     /* TLS information */
178     int tlsindex;		/* Index in DTV for this module */
179     void *tlsinit;		/* Base address of TLS init block */
180     size_t tlsinitsize;		/* Size of TLS init block for this module */
181     size_t tlssize;		/* Size of TLS block for this module */
182     size_t tlsoffset;		/* Offset of static TLS block for this module */
183     size_t tlsalign;		/* Alignment of static TLS block */
184 
185     caddr_t relro_page;
186     size_t relro_size;
187 
188     /* Items from the dynamic section. */
189     Elf_Addr *pltgot;		/* PLT or GOT, depending on architecture */
190     const Elf_Rel *rel;		/* Relocation entries */
191     unsigned long relsize;	/* Size in bytes of relocation info */
192     const Elf_Rela *rela;	/* Relocation entries with addend */
193     unsigned long relasize;	/* Size in bytes of addend relocation info */
194     const Elf_Rel *pltrel;	/* PLT relocation entries */
195     unsigned long pltrelsize;	/* Size in bytes of PLT relocation info */
196     const Elf_Rela *pltrela;	/* PLT relocation entries with addend */
197     unsigned long pltrelasize;	/* Size in bytes of PLT addend reloc info */
198     const Elf_Sym *symtab;	/* Symbol table */
199     const char *strtab;		/* String table */
200     unsigned long strsize;	/* Size in bytes of string table */
201 #ifdef __mips__
202     Elf_Word local_gotno;	/* Number of local GOT entries */
203     Elf_Word symtabno;		/* Number of dynamic symbols */
204     Elf_Word gotsym;		/* First dynamic symbol in GOT */
205 #endif
206 
207     const Elf_Verneed *verneed; /* Required versions. */
208     Elf_Word verneednum;	/* Number of entries in verneed table */
209     const Elf_Verdef  *verdef;	/* Provided versions. */
210     Elf_Word verdefnum;		/* Number of entries in verdef table */
211     const Elf_Versym *versyms;  /* Symbol versions table */
212 
213     const Elf_Hashelt *buckets;	/* Hash table buckets array */
214     unsigned long nbuckets;	/* Number of buckets */
215     const Elf_Hashelt *chains;	/* Hash table chain array */
216     unsigned long nchains;	/* Number of entries in chain array */
217 
218     Elf32_Word nbuckets_gnu;		/* Number of GNU hash buckets*/
219     Elf32_Word symndx_gnu;		/* 1st accessible symbol on dynsym table */
220     Elf32_Word maskwords_bm_gnu;  	/* Bloom filter words - 1 (bitmask) */
221     Elf32_Word shift2_gnu;		/* Bloom filter shift count */
222     Elf32_Word dynsymcount;		/* Total entries in dynsym table */
223     Elf_Addr *bloom_gnu;		/* Bloom filter used by GNU hash func */
224     const Elf_Hashelt *buckets_gnu;	/* GNU hash table bucket array */
225     const Elf_Hashelt *chain_zero_gnu;	/* GNU hash table value array (Zeroed) */
226 
227     char *rpath;		/* Search path specified in object */
228     char *runpath;		/* Search path with different priority */
229     Needed_Entry *needed;	/* Shared objects needed by this one (%) */
230     Needed_Entry *needed_filtees;
231     Needed_Entry *needed_aux_filtees;
232 
233     STAILQ_HEAD(, Struct_Name_Entry) names; /* List of names for this object we
234 					       know about. */
235     Ver_Entry *vertab;		/* Versions required /defined by this object */
236     int vernum;			/* Number of entries in vertab */
237 
238     Elf_Addr init;		/* Initialization function to call */
239     Elf_Addr fini;		/* Termination function to call */
240     Elf_Addr preinit_array;	/* Pre-initialization array of functions */
241     Elf_Addr init_array;	/* Initialization array of functions */
242     Elf_Addr fini_array;	/* Termination array of functions */
243     int preinit_array_num;	/* Number of entries in preinit_array */
244     int init_array_num; 	/* Number of entries in init_array */
245     int fini_array_num; 	/* Number of entries in fini_array */
246 
247     int32_t osrel;		/* OSREL note value */
248 
249     bool mainprog : 1;		/* True if this is the main program */
250     bool rtld : 1;		/* True if this is the dynamic linker */
251     bool relocated : 1;		/* True if processed by relocate_objects() */
252     bool ver_checked : 1;	/* True if processed by rtld_verify_object_versions */
253     bool textrel : 1;		/* True if there are relocations to text seg */
254     bool symbolic : 1;		/* True if generated with "-Bsymbolic" */
255     bool bind_now : 1;		/* True if all relocations should be made first */
256     bool traced : 1;		/* Already printed in ldd trace output */
257     bool jmpslots_done : 1;	/* Already have relocated the jump slots */
258     bool init_done : 1;		/* Already have added object to init list */
259     bool tls_done : 1;		/* Already allocated offset for static TLS */
260     bool phdr_alloc : 1;	/* Phdr is allocated and needs to be freed. */
261     bool z_origin : 1;		/* Process rpath and soname tokens */
262     bool z_nodelete : 1;	/* Do not unload the object and dependencies */
263     bool z_noopen : 1;		/* Do not load on dlopen */
264     bool z_loadfltr : 1;	/* Immediately load filtees */
265     bool z_interpose : 1;	/* Interpose all objects but main */
266     bool z_nodeflib : 1;	/* Don't search default library path */
267     bool z_global : 1;		/* Make the object global */
268     bool ref_nodel : 1;		/* Refcount increased to prevent dlclose */
269     bool init_scanned: 1;	/* Object is already on init list. */
270     bool on_fini_list: 1;	/* Object is already on fini list. */
271     bool dag_inited : 1;	/* Object has its DAG initialized. */
272     bool filtees_loaded : 1;	/* Filtees loaded */
273     bool irelative : 1;		/* Object has R_MACHDEP_IRELATIVE relocs */
274     bool gnu_ifunc : 1;		/* Object has references to STT_GNU_IFUNC */
275     bool non_plt_gnu_ifunc : 1;	/* Object has non-plt IFUNC references */
276     bool crt_no_init : 1;	/* Object' crt does not call _init/_fini */
277     bool valid_hash_sysv : 1;	/* A valid System V hash hash tag is available */
278     bool valid_hash_gnu : 1;	/* A valid GNU hash tag is available */
279     bool dlopened : 1;		/* dlopen()-ed (vs. load statically) */
280 
281     struct link_map linkmap;	/* For GDB and dlinfo() */
282     Objlist dldags;		/* Object belongs to these dlopened DAGs (%) */
283     Objlist dagmembers;		/* DAG has these members (%) */
284     dev_t dev;			/* Object's filesystem's device */
285     ino_t ino;			/* Object's inode number */
286     void *priv;			/* Platform-dependent */
287 } Obj_Entry;
288 
289 #define RTLD_MAGIC	0xd550b87a
290 #define RTLD_VERSION	1
291 
292 #define RTLD_STATIC_TLS_EXTRA	128
293 
294 /* Flags to be passed into symlook_ family of functions. */
295 #define SYMLOOK_IN_PLT	0x01	/* Lookup for PLT symbol */
296 #define SYMLOOK_DLSYM	0x02	/* Return newest versioned symbol. Used by
297 				   dlsym. */
298 #define	SYMLOOK_EARLY	0x04	/* Symlook is done during initialization. */
299 #define	SYMLOOK_IFUNC	0x08	/* Allow IFUNC processing in
300 				   reloc_non_plt(). */
301 
302 /* Flags for load_object(). */
303 #define	RTLD_LO_NOLOAD	0x01	/* dlopen() specified RTLD_NOLOAD. */
304 #define	RTLD_LO_DLOPEN	0x02	/* Load_object() called from dlopen(). */
305 #define	RTLD_LO_TRACE	0x04	/* Only tracing. */
306 #define	RTLD_LO_NODELETE 0x08	/* Loaded object cannot be closed. */
307 #define	RTLD_LO_FILTEES 0x10	/* Loading filtee. */
308 #define	RTLD_LO_EARLY	0x20	/* Do not call ctors, postpone it to the
309 				   initialization during the image start. */
310 
311 /*
312  * Symbol cache entry used during relocation to avoid multiple lookups
313  * of the same symbol.
314  */
315 typedef struct Struct_SymCache {
316     const Elf_Sym *sym;		/* Symbol table entry */
317     const Obj_Entry *obj;	/* Shared object which defines it */
318 } SymCache;
319 
320 /*
321  * This structure provides a reentrant way to keep a list of objects and
322  * check which ones have already been processed in some way.
323  */
324 typedef struct Struct_DoneList {
325     const Obj_Entry **objs;		/* Array of object pointers */
326     unsigned int num_alloc;		/* Allocated size of the array */
327     unsigned int num_used;		/* Number of array slots used */
328 } DoneList;
329 
330 struct Struct_RtldLockState {
331 	int lockstate;
332 	sigjmp_buf env;
333 };
334 
335 struct fill_search_info_args {
336 	int request;
337 	unsigned int flags;
338 	struct dl_serinfo *serinfo;
339 	struct dl_serpath *serpath;
340 	char *strspace;
341 };
342 
343 /*
344  * The pack of arguments and results for the symbol lookup functions.
345  */
346 typedef struct Struct_SymLook {
347     const char *name;
348     unsigned long hash;
349     uint32_t hash_gnu;
350     const Ver_Entry *ventry;
351     int flags;
352     const Obj_Entry *defobj_out;
353     const Elf_Sym *sym_out;
354     struct Struct_RtldLockState *lockstate;
355 } SymLook;
356 
357 void _rtld_error(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2) __exported;
358 void rtld_die(void) __dead2;
359 const char *rtld_strerror(int);
360 Obj_Entry *map_object(int, const char *, const struct stat *);
361 void *xcalloc(size_t, size_t);
362 void *xmalloc(size_t);
363 char *xstrdup(const char *);
364 void *malloc_aligned(size_t size, size_t align);
365 void free_aligned(void *ptr);
366 extern Elf_Addr _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_[];
367 extern Elf_Sym sym_zero;	/* For resolving undefined weak refs. */
368 
369 void dump_relocations(Obj_Entry *);
370 void dump_obj_relocations(Obj_Entry *);
371 void dump_Elf_Rel(Obj_Entry *, const Elf_Rel *, u_long);
372 void dump_Elf_Rela(Obj_Entry *, const Elf_Rela *, u_long);
373 
374 /*
375  * Function declarations.
376  */
377 unsigned long elf_hash(const char *);
378 const Elf_Sym *find_symdef(unsigned long, const Obj_Entry *,
379   const Obj_Entry **, int, SymCache *, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
380 void init_pltgot(Obj_Entry *);
381 void lockdflt_init(void);
382 void digest_notes(Obj_Entry *, Elf_Addr, Elf_Addr);
383 void obj_free(Obj_Entry *);
384 Obj_Entry *obj_new(void);
385 void _rtld_bind_start(void);
386 void *rtld_resolve_ifunc(const Obj_Entry *obj, const Elf_Sym *def);
387 void symlook_init(SymLook *, const char *);
388 int symlook_obj(SymLook *, const Obj_Entry *);
389 void *tls_get_addr_common(Elf_Addr** dtvp, int index, size_t offset);
390 void *allocate_tls(Obj_Entry *, void *, size_t, size_t);
391 void free_tls(void *, size_t, size_t);
392 void *allocate_module_tls(int index);
393 bool allocate_tls_offset(Obj_Entry *obj);
394 void free_tls_offset(Obj_Entry *obj);
395 const Ver_Entry *fetch_ventry(const Obj_Entry *obj, unsigned long);
396 
397 /*
398  * MD function declarations.
399  */
400 int do_copy_relocations(Obj_Entry *);
401 int reloc_non_plt(Obj_Entry *, Obj_Entry *, int flags,
402     struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
403 int reloc_plt(Obj_Entry *);
404 int reloc_jmpslots(Obj_Entry *, int flags, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
405 int reloc_iresolve(Obj_Entry *, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
406 int reloc_gnu_ifunc(Obj_Entry *, int flags, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
407 void allocate_initial_tls(Obj_Entry *);
408 
409 #endif /* } */
410