xref: /freebsd/libexec/rtld-elf/rtld.h (revision f3c5273d315a64826d2149ac453ff8c4583ddbe8)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 John D. Polstra.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
18  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
19  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
21  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
22  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
23  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
24  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
25  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26  *
27  * $FreeBSD$
28  */
29 
30 #ifndef RTLD_H /* { */
31 #define RTLD_H 1
32 
33 #include <machine/elf.h>
34 #include <sys/types.h>
35 #include <sys/queue.h>
36 
37 #include <elf-hints.h>
38 #include <link.h>
39 #include <stdarg.h>
40 #include <setjmp.h>
41 #include <stddef.h>
42 
43 #include "rtld_lock.h"
44 #include "rtld_machdep.h"
45 
46 #define NEW(type)	((type *) xmalloc(sizeof(type)))
47 #define CNEW(type)	((type *) xcalloc(1, sizeof(type)))
48 
49 /* We might as well do booleans like C++. */
50 typedef unsigned char bool;
51 #define false	0
52 #define true	1
53 
54 extern size_t tls_last_offset;
55 extern size_t tls_last_size;
56 extern size_t tls_static_space;
57 extern Elf_Addr tls_dtv_generation;
58 extern int tls_max_index;
59 
60 extern int npagesizes;
61 extern size_t *pagesizes;
62 
63 extern int main_argc;
64 extern char **main_argv;
65 extern char **environ;
66 
67 struct stat;
68 struct Struct_Obj_Entry;
69 
70 /* Lists of shared objects */
71 typedef struct Struct_Objlist_Entry {
72     STAILQ_ENTRY(Struct_Objlist_Entry) link;
73     struct Struct_Obj_Entry *obj;
74 } Objlist_Entry;
75 
76 typedef STAILQ_HEAD(Struct_Objlist, Struct_Objlist_Entry) Objlist;
77 
78 /* Types of init and fini functions */
79 typedef void (*InitFunc)(void);
80 typedef void (*InitArrFunc)(int, char **, char **);
81 
82 /* Lists of shared object dependencies */
83 typedef struct Struct_Needed_Entry {
84     struct Struct_Needed_Entry *next;
85     struct Struct_Obj_Entry *obj;
86     unsigned long name;		/* Offset of name in string table */
87 } Needed_Entry;
88 
89 typedef struct Struct_Name_Entry {
90     STAILQ_ENTRY(Struct_Name_Entry) link;
91     char   name[1];
92 } Name_Entry;
93 
94 /* Lock object */
95 typedef struct Struct_LockInfo {
96     void *context;		/* Client context for creating locks */
97     void *thelock;		/* The one big lock */
98     /* Debugging aids. */
99     volatile int rcount;	/* Number of readers holding lock */
100     volatile int wcount;	/* Number of writers holding lock */
101     /* Methods */
102     void *(*lock_create)(void *context);
103     void (*rlock_acquire)(void *lock);
104     void (*wlock_acquire)(void *lock);
105     void (*rlock_release)(void *lock);
106     void (*wlock_release)(void *lock);
107     void (*lock_destroy)(void *lock);
108     void (*context_destroy)(void *context);
109 } LockInfo;
110 
111 typedef struct Struct_Ver_Entry {
112 	Elf_Word     hash;
113 	unsigned int flags;
114 	const char  *name;
115 	const char  *file;
116 } Ver_Entry;
117 
118 typedef struct Struct_Sym_Match_Result {
119     const Elf_Sym *sym_out;
120     const Elf_Sym *vsymp;
121     int vcount;
122 } Sym_Match_Result;
123 
124 #define VER_INFO_HIDDEN	0x01
125 
126 /*
127  * Shared object descriptor.
128  *
129  * Items marked with "(%)" are dynamically allocated, and must be freed
130  * when the structure is destroyed.
131  *
132  * CAUTION: It appears that the JDK port peeks into these structures.
133  * It looks at "next" and "mapbase" at least.  Don't add new members
134  * near the front, until this can be straightened out.
135  */
136 typedef struct Struct_Obj_Entry {
137     /*
138      * These two items have to be set right for compatibility with the
139      * original ElfKit crt1.o.
140      */
141     Elf_Size magic;		/* Magic number (sanity check) */
142     Elf_Size version;		/* Version number of struct format */
143 
144     TAILQ_ENTRY(Struct_Obj_Entry) next;
145     char *path;			/* Pathname of underlying file (%) */
146     char *origin_path;		/* Directory path of origin file */
147     int refcount;		/* DAG references */
148     int holdcount;		/* Count of transient references */
149     int dl_refcount;		/* Number of times loaded by dlopen */
150 
151     /* These items are computed by map_object() or by digest_phdr(). */
152     caddr_t mapbase;		/* Base address of mapped region */
153     size_t mapsize;		/* Size of mapped region in bytes */
154     Elf_Addr vaddrbase;		/* Base address in shared object file */
155     caddr_t relocbase;		/* Relocation constant = mapbase - vaddrbase */
156     const Elf_Dyn *dynamic;	/* Dynamic section */
157     caddr_t entry;		/* Entry point */
158     const Elf_Phdr *phdr;	/* Program header if it is mapped, else NULL */
159     size_t phsize;		/* Size of program header in bytes */
160     const char *interp;		/* Pathname of the interpreter, if any */
161     Elf_Word stack_flags;
162 
163     /* TLS information */
164     int tlsindex;		/* Index in DTV for this module */
165     void *tlsinit;		/* Base address of TLS init block */
166     size_t tlsinitsize;		/* Size of TLS init block for this module */
167     size_t tlssize;		/* Size of TLS block for this module */
168     size_t tlsoffset;		/* Offset of static TLS block for this module */
169     size_t tlsalign;		/* Alignment of static TLS block */
170 
171     caddr_t relro_page;
172     size_t relro_size;
173 
174     /* Items from the dynamic section. */
175     Elf_Addr *pltgot;		/* PLT or GOT, depending on architecture */
176     const Elf_Rel *rel;		/* Relocation entries */
177     unsigned long relsize;	/* Size in bytes of relocation info */
178     const Elf_Rela *rela;	/* Relocation entries with addend */
179     unsigned long relasize;	/* Size in bytes of addend relocation info */
180     const Elf_Rel *pltrel;	/* PLT relocation entries */
181     unsigned long pltrelsize;	/* Size in bytes of PLT relocation info */
182     const Elf_Rela *pltrela;	/* PLT relocation entries with addend */
183     unsigned long pltrelasize;	/* Size in bytes of PLT addend reloc info */
184     const Elf_Sym *symtab;	/* Symbol table */
185     const char *strtab;		/* String table */
186     unsigned long strsize;	/* Size in bytes of string table */
187 #ifdef __mips__
188     Elf_Word local_gotno;	/* Number of local GOT entries */
189     Elf_Word symtabno;		/* Number of dynamic symbols */
190     Elf_Word gotsym;		/* First dynamic symbol in GOT */
191     Elf_Addr *mips_pltgot;	/* Second PLT GOT */
192 #endif
193 #ifdef __powerpc64__
194     Elf_Addr glink;		/* GLINK PLT call stub section */
195 #endif
196 
197     const Elf_Verneed *verneed; /* Required versions. */
198     Elf_Word verneednum;	/* Number of entries in verneed table */
199     const Elf_Verdef  *verdef;	/* Provided versions. */
200     Elf_Word verdefnum;		/* Number of entries in verdef table */
201     const Elf_Versym *versyms;  /* Symbol versions table */
202 
203     const Elf_Hashelt *buckets;	/* Hash table buckets array */
204     unsigned long nbuckets;	/* Number of buckets */
205     const Elf_Hashelt *chains;	/* Hash table chain array */
206     unsigned long nchains;	/* Number of entries in chain array */
207 
208     Elf32_Word nbuckets_gnu;		/* Number of GNU hash buckets*/
209     Elf32_Word symndx_gnu;		/* 1st accessible symbol on dynsym table */
210     Elf32_Word maskwords_bm_gnu;  	/* Bloom filter words - 1 (bitmask) */
211     Elf32_Word shift2_gnu;		/* Bloom filter shift count */
212     Elf32_Word dynsymcount;		/* Total entries in dynsym table */
213     const Elf_Addr *bloom_gnu;		/* Bloom filter used by GNU hash func */
214     const Elf_Hashelt *buckets_gnu;	/* GNU hash table bucket array */
215     const Elf_Hashelt *chain_zero_gnu;	/* GNU hash table value array (Zeroed) */
216 
217     const char *rpath;		/* Search path specified in object */
218     const char *runpath;	/* Search path with different priority */
219     Needed_Entry *needed;	/* Shared objects needed by this one (%) */
220     Needed_Entry *needed_filtees;
221     Needed_Entry *needed_aux_filtees;
222 
223     STAILQ_HEAD(, Struct_Name_Entry) names; /* List of names for this object we
224 					       know about. */
225     Ver_Entry *vertab;		/* Versions required /defined by this object */
226     int vernum;			/* Number of entries in vertab */
227 
228     Elf_Addr init;		/* Initialization function to call */
229     Elf_Addr fini;		/* Termination function to call */
230     Elf_Addr preinit_array;	/* Pre-initialization array of functions */
231     Elf_Addr init_array;	/* Initialization array of functions */
232     Elf_Addr fini_array;	/* Termination array of functions */
233     int preinit_array_num;	/* Number of entries in preinit_array */
234     int init_array_num; 	/* Number of entries in init_array */
235     int fini_array_num; 	/* Number of entries in fini_array */
236 
237     int32_t osrel;		/* OSREL note value */
238     uint32_t fctl0;		/* FEATURE_CONTROL note desc[0] value */
239 
240     bool mainprog : 1;		/* True if this is the main program */
241     bool rtld : 1;		/* True if this is the dynamic linker */
242     bool relocated : 1;		/* True if processed by relocate_objects() */
243     bool ver_checked : 1;	/* True if processed by rtld_verify_object_versions */
244     bool textrel : 1;		/* True if there are relocations to text seg */
245     bool symbolic : 1;		/* True if generated with "-Bsymbolic" */
246     bool bind_now : 1;		/* True if all relocations should be made first */
247     bool traced : 1;		/* Already printed in ldd trace output */
248     bool jmpslots_done : 1;	/* Already have relocated the jump slots */
249     bool init_done : 1;		/* Already have added object to init list */
250     bool tls_done : 1;		/* Already allocated offset for static TLS */
251     bool phdr_alloc : 1;	/* Phdr is allocated and needs to be freed. */
252     bool z_origin : 1;		/* Process rpath and soname tokens */
253     bool z_nodelete : 1;	/* Do not unload the object and dependencies */
254     bool z_noopen : 1;		/* Do not load on dlopen */
255     bool z_loadfltr : 1;	/* Immediately load filtees */
256     bool z_interpose : 1;	/* Interpose all objects but main */
257     bool z_nodeflib : 1;	/* Don't search default library path */
258     bool z_global : 1;		/* Make the object global */
259     bool ref_nodel : 1;		/* Refcount increased to prevent dlclose */
260     bool init_scanned: 1;	/* Object is already on init list. */
261     bool on_fini_list: 1;	/* Object is already on fini list. */
262     bool dag_inited : 1;	/* Object has its DAG initialized. */
263     bool filtees_loaded : 1;	/* Filtees loaded */
264     bool irelative : 1;		/* Object has R_MACHDEP_IRELATIVE relocs */
265     bool gnu_ifunc : 1;		/* Object has references to STT_GNU_IFUNC */
266     bool non_plt_gnu_ifunc : 1;	/* Object has non-plt IFUNC references */
267     bool ifuncs_resolved : 1;	/* Object ifuncs were already resolved */
268     bool crt_no_init : 1;	/* Object' crt does not call _init/_fini */
269     bool valid_hash_sysv : 1;	/* A valid System V hash hash tag is available */
270     bool valid_hash_gnu : 1;	/* A valid GNU hash tag is available */
271     bool dlopened : 1;		/* dlopen()-ed (vs. load statically) */
272     bool marker : 1;		/* marker on the global obj list */
273     bool unholdfree : 1;	/* unmap upon last unhold */
274     bool doomed : 1;		/* Object cannot be referenced */
275 
276     struct link_map linkmap;	/* For GDB and dlinfo() */
277     Objlist dldags;		/* Object belongs to these dlopened DAGs (%) */
278     Objlist dagmembers;		/* DAG has these members (%) */
279     dev_t dev;			/* Object's filesystem's device */
280     ino_t ino;			/* Object's inode number */
281     void *priv;			/* Platform-dependent */
282 } Obj_Entry;
283 
284 #define RTLD_MAGIC	0xd550b87a
285 #define RTLD_VERSION	1
286 
287 TAILQ_HEAD(obj_entry_q, Struct_Obj_Entry);
288 
289 #define RTLD_STATIC_TLS_EXTRA	128
290 
291 /* Flags to be passed into symlook_ family of functions. */
292 #define SYMLOOK_IN_PLT	0x01	/* Lookup for PLT symbol */
293 #define SYMLOOK_DLSYM	0x02	/* Return newest versioned symbol. Used by
294 				   dlsym. */
295 #define	SYMLOOK_EARLY	0x04	/* Symlook is done during initialization. */
296 #define	SYMLOOK_IFUNC	0x08	/* Allow IFUNC processing in
297 				   reloc_non_plt(). */
298 
299 /* Flags for load_object(). */
300 #define	RTLD_LO_NOLOAD	0x01	/* dlopen() specified RTLD_NOLOAD. */
301 #define	RTLD_LO_DLOPEN	0x02	/* Load_object() called from dlopen(). */
302 #define	RTLD_LO_TRACE	0x04	/* Only tracing. */
303 #define	RTLD_LO_NODELETE 0x08	/* Loaded object cannot be closed. */
304 #define	RTLD_LO_FILTEES 0x10	/* Loading filtee. */
305 #define	RTLD_LO_EARLY	0x20	/* Do not call ctors, postpone it to the
306 				   initialization during the image start. */
307 
308 /*
309  * Symbol cache entry used during relocation to avoid multiple lookups
310  * of the same symbol.
311  */
312 typedef struct Struct_SymCache {
313     const Elf_Sym *sym;		/* Symbol table entry */
314     const Obj_Entry *obj;	/* Shared object which defines it */
315 } SymCache;
316 
317 /*
318  * This structure provides a reentrant way to keep a list of objects and
319  * check which ones have already been processed in some way.
320  */
321 typedef struct Struct_DoneList {
322     const Obj_Entry **objs;		/* Array of object pointers */
323     unsigned int num_alloc;		/* Allocated size of the array */
324     unsigned int num_used;		/* Number of array slots used */
325 } DoneList;
326 
327 struct Struct_RtldLockState {
328 	int lockstate;
329 	sigjmp_buf env;
330 };
331 
332 struct fill_search_info_args {
333 	int request;
334 	unsigned int flags;
335 	struct dl_serinfo *serinfo;
336 	struct dl_serpath *serpath;
337 	char *strspace;
338 };
339 
340 /*
341  * The pack of arguments and results for the symbol lookup functions.
342  */
343 typedef struct Struct_SymLook {
344     const char *name;
345     unsigned long hash;
346     uint32_t hash_gnu;
347     const Ver_Entry *ventry;
348     int flags;
349     const Obj_Entry *defobj_out;
350     const Elf_Sym *sym_out;
351     struct Struct_RtldLockState *lockstate;
352 } SymLook;
353 
354 void _rtld_error(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2) __exported;
355 void rtld_die(void) __dead2;
356 const char *rtld_strerror(int);
357 Obj_Entry *map_object(int, const char *, const struct stat *);
358 void *xcalloc(size_t, size_t);
359 void *xmalloc(size_t);
360 char *xstrdup(const char *);
361 void *malloc_aligned(size_t size, size_t align);
362 void free_aligned(void *ptr);
363 extern Elf_Addr _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_[];
364 extern Elf_Sym sym_zero;	/* For resolving undefined weak refs. */
365 extern bool ld_bind_not;
366 
367 void dump_relocations(Obj_Entry *);
368 void dump_obj_relocations(Obj_Entry *);
369 void dump_Elf_Rel(Obj_Entry *, const Elf_Rel *, u_long);
370 void dump_Elf_Rela(Obj_Entry *, const Elf_Rela *, u_long);
371 
372 /*
373  * Function declarations.
374  */
375 unsigned long elf_hash(const char *);
376 const Elf_Sym *find_symdef(unsigned long, const Obj_Entry *,
377   const Obj_Entry **, int, SymCache *, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
378 void lockdflt_init(void);
379 void digest_notes(Obj_Entry *, Elf_Addr, Elf_Addr);
380 Obj_Entry *globallist_curr(const Obj_Entry *obj);
381 Obj_Entry *globallist_next(const Obj_Entry *obj);
382 void obj_free(Obj_Entry *);
383 Obj_Entry *obj_new(void);
384 void _rtld_bind_start(void);
385 void *rtld_resolve_ifunc(const Obj_Entry *obj, const Elf_Sym *def);
386 void symlook_init(SymLook *, const char *);
387 int symlook_obj(SymLook *, const Obj_Entry *);
388 void *tls_get_addr_common(Elf_Addr** dtvp, int index, size_t offset);
389 void *allocate_tls(Obj_Entry *, void *, size_t, size_t);
390 void free_tls(void *, size_t, size_t);
391 void *allocate_module_tls(int index);
392 bool allocate_tls_offset(Obj_Entry *obj);
393 void free_tls_offset(Obj_Entry *obj);
394 const Ver_Entry *fetch_ventry(const Obj_Entry *obj, unsigned long);
395 int convert_prot(int elfflags);
396 
397 /*
398  * MD function declarations.
399  */
400 int do_copy_relocations(Obj_Entry *);
401 int reloc_non_plt(Obj_Entry *, Obj_Entry *, int flags,
402     struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
403 int reloc_plt(Obj_Entry *, int flags, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
404 int reloc_jmpslots(Obj_Entry *, int flags, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
405 int reloc_iresolve(Obj_Entry *, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
406 int reloc_gnu_ifunc(Obj_Entry *, int flags, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
407 void ifunc_init(Elf_Auxinfo[__min_size(AT_COUNT)]);
408 void pre_init(void);
409 void init_pltgot(Obj_Entry *);
410 void allocate_initial_tls(Obj_Entry *);
411 
412 void *__crt_calloc(size_t num, size_t size);
413 void __crt_free(void *cp);
414 void *__crt_malloc(size_t nbytes);
415 void *__crt_realloc(void *cp, size_t nbytes);
416 
417 #endif /* } */
418