xref: /freebsd/libexec/rtld-elf/rtld.h (revision 6486b015fc84e96725fef22b0e3363351399ae83)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 John D. Polstra.
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
15  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
16  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
17  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
18  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
19  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
20  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
21  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
22  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
23  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
24  *
25  * $FreeBSD$
26  */
27 
28 #ifndef RTLD_H /* { */
29 #define RTLD_H 1
30 
31 #include <machine/elf.h>
32 #include <sys/types.h>
33 #include <sys/queue.h>
34 
35 #include <elf-hints.h>
36 #include <link.h>
37 #include <stdarg.h>
38 #include <setjmp.h>
39 #include <stddef.h>
40 
41 #include "rtld_lock.h"
42 #include "rtld_machdep.h"
43 
44 #ifdef COMPAT_32BIT
45 #undef STANDARD_LIBRARY_PATH
46 #undef _PATH_ELF_HINTS
47 #define	_PATH_ELF_HINTS		"/var/run/ld-elf32.so.hints"
48 /* For running 32 bit binaries  */
49 #define	STANDARD_LIBRARY_PATH	"/lib32:/usr/lib32"
50 #define LD_ "LD_32_"
51 #endif
52 
53 #ifndef STANDARD_LIBRARY_PATH
54 #define STANDARD_LIBRARY_PATH	"/lib:/usr/lib"
55 #endif
56 #ifndef LD_
57 #define LD_ "LD_"
58 #endif
59 
60 #define NEW(type)	((type *) xmalloc(sizeof(type)))
61 #define CNEW(type)	((type *) xcalloc(1, sizeof(type)))
62 
63 /* We might as well do booleans like C++. */
64 typedef unsigned char bool;
65 #define false	0
66 #define true	1
67 
68 extern size_t tls_last_offset;
69 extern size_t tls_last_size;
70 extern size_t tls_static_space;
71 extern int tls_dtv_generation;
72 extern int tls_max_index;
73 
74 extern int main_argc;
75 extern char **main_argv;
76 extern char **environ;
77 
78 struct stat;
79 struct Struct_Obj_Entry;
80 
81 /* Lists of shared objects */
82 typedef struct Struct_Objlist_Entry {
83     STAILQ_ENTRY(Struct_Objlist_Entry) link;
84     struct Struct_Obj_Entry *obj;
85 } Objlist_Entry;
86 
87 typedef STAILQ_HEAD(Struct_Objlist, Struct_Objlist_Entry) Objlist;
88 
89 /* Types of init and fini functions */
90 typedef void (*InitFunc)(void);
91 typedef void (*InitArrFunc)(int, char **, char **);
92 
93 /* Lists of shared object dependencies */
94 typedef struct Struct_Needed_Entry {
95     struct Struct_Needed_Entry *next;
96     struct Struct_Obj_Entry *obj;
97     unsigned long name;		/* Offset of name in string table */
98 } Needed_Entry;
99 
100 typedef struct Struct_Name_Entry {
101     STAILQ_ENTRY(Struct_Name_Entry) link;
102     char   name[1];
103 } Name_Entry;
104 
105 /* Lock object */
106 typedef struct Struct_LockInfo {
107     void *context;		/* Client context for creating locks */
108     void *thelock;		/* The one big lock */
109     /* Debugging aids. */
110     volatile int rcount;	/* Number of readers holding lock */
111     volatile int wcount;	/* Number of writers holding lock */
112     /* Methods */
113     void *(*lock_create)(void *context);
114     void (*rlock_acquire)(void *lock);
115     void (*wlock_acquire)(void *lock);
116     void (*rlock_release)(void *lock);
117     void (*wlock_release)(void *lock);
118     void (*lock_destroy)(void *lock);
119     void (*context_destroy)(void *context);
120 } LockInfo;
121 
122 typedef struct Struct_Ver_Entry {
123 	Elf_Word     hash;
124 	unsigned int flags;
125 	const char  *name;
126 	const char  *file;
127 } Ver_Entry;
128 
129 #define VER_INFO_HIDDEN	0x01
130 
131 /*
132  * Shared object descriptor.
133  *
134  * Items marked with "(%)" are dynamically allocated, and must be freed
135  * when the structure is destroyed.
136  *
137  * CAUTION: It appears that the JDK port peeks into these structures.
138  * It looks at "next" and "mapbase" at least.  Don't add new members
139  * near the front, until this can be straightened out.
140  */
141 typedef struct Struct_Obj_Entry {
142     /*
143      * These two items have to be set right for compatibility with the
144      * original ElfKit crt1.o.
145      */
146     Elf_Size magic;		/* Magic number (sanity check) */
147     Elf_Size version;		/* Version number of struct format */
148 
149     struct Struct_Obj_Entry *next;
150     char *path;			/* Pathname of underlying file (%) */
151     char *origin_path;		/* Directory path of origin file */
152     int refcount;
153     int dl_refcount;		/* Number of times loaded by dlopen */
154 
155     /* These items are computed by map_object() or by digest_phdr(). */
156     caddr_t mapbase;		/* Base address of mapped region */
157     size_t mapsize;		/* Size of mapped region in bytes */
158     size_t textsize;		/* Size of text segment in bytes */
159     Elf_Addr vaddrbase;		/* Base address in shared object file */
160     caddr_t relocbase;		/* Relocation constant = mapbase - vaddrbase */
161     const Elf_Dyn *dynamic;	/* Dynamic section */
162     caddr_t entry;		/* Entry point */
163     const Elf_Phdr *phdr;	/* Program header if it is mapped, else NULL */
164     size_t phsize;		/* Size of program header in bytes */
165     const char *interp;		/* Pathname of the interpreter, if any */
166     Elf_Word stack_flags;
167 
168     /* TLS information */
169     int tlsindex;		/* Index in DTV for this module */
170     void *tlsinit;		/* Base address of TLS init block */
171     size_t tlsinitsize;		/* Size of TLS init block for this module */
172     size_t tlssize;		/* Size of TLS block for this module */
173     size_t tlsoffset;		/* Offset of static TLS block for this module */
174     size_t tlsalign;		/* Alignment of static TLS block */
175 
176     caddr_t relro_page;
177     size_t relro_size;
178 
179     /* Items from the dynamic section. */
180     Elf_Addr *pltgot;		/* PLT or GOT, depending on architecture */
181     const Elf_Rel *rel;		/* Relocation entries */
182     unsigned long relsize;	/* Size in bytes of relocation info */
183     const Elf_Rela *rela;	/* Relocation entries with addend */
184     unsigned long relasize;	/* Size in bytes of addend relocation info */
185     const Elf_Rel *pltrel;	/* PLT relocation entries */
186     unsigned long pltrelsize;	/* Size in bytes of PLT relocation info */
187     const Elf_Rela *pltrela;	/* PLT relocation entries with addend */
188     unsigned long pltrelasize;	/* Size in bytes of PLT addend reloc info */
189     const Elf_Sym *symtab;	/* Symbol table */
190     const char *strtab;		/* String table */
191     unsigned long strsize;	/* Size in bytes of string table */
192 #ifdef __mips__
193     Elf_Word local_gotno;	/* Number of local GOT entries */
194     Elf_Word symtabno;		/* Number of dynamic symbols */
195     Elf_Word gotsym;		/* First dynamic symbol in GOT */
196 #endif
197 
198     const Elf_Verneed *verneed; /* Required versions. */
199     Elf_Word verneednum;	/* Number of entries in verneed table */
200     const Elf_Verdef  *verdef;	/* Provided versions. */
201     Elf_Word verdefnum;		/* Number of entries in verdef table */
202     const Elf_Versym *versyms;  /* Symbol versions table */
203 
204     const Elf_Hashelt *buckets;	/* Hash table buckets array */
205     unsigned long nbuckets;	/* Number of buckets */
206     const Elf_Hashelt *chains;	/* Hash table chain array */
207     unsigned long nchains;	/* Number of chains */
208 
209     char *rpath;		/* Search path specified in object */
210     Needed_Entry *needed;	/* Shared objects needed by this one (%) */
211     Needed_Entry *needed_filtees;
212     Needed_Entry *needed_aux_filtees;
213 
214     STAILQ_HEAD(, Struct_Name_Entry) names; /* List of names for this object we
215 					       know about. */
216     Ver_Entry *vertab;		/* Versions required /defined by this object */
217     int vernum;			/* Number of entries in vertab */
218 
219     Elf_Addr init;		/* Initialization function to call */
220     Elf_Addr fini;		/* Termination function to call */
221     Elf_Addr preinit_array;	/* Pre-initialization array of functions */
222     Elf_Addr init_array;	/* Initialization array of functions */
223     Elf_Addr fini_array;	/* Termination array of functions */
224     int preinit_array_num;	/* Number of entries in preinit_array */
225     int init_array_num; 	/* Number of entries in init_array */
226     int fini_array_num; 	/* Number of entries in fini_array */
227 
228     int32_t osrel;		/* OSREL note value */
229 
230     bool mainprog : 1;		/* True if this is the main program */
231     bool rtld : 1;		/* True if this is the dynamic linker */
232     bool relocated : 1;		/* True if processed by relocate_objects() */
233     bool ver_checked : 1;	/* True if processed by rtld_verify_object_versions */
234     bool textrel : 1;		/* True if there are relocations to text seg */
235     bool symbolic : 1;		/* True if generated with "-Bsymbolic" */
236     bool bind_now : 1;		/* True if all relocations should be made first */
237     bool traced : 1;		/* Already printed in ldd trace output */
238     bool jmpslots_done : 1;	/* Already have relocated the jump slots */
239     bool init_done : 1;		/* Already have added object to init list */
240     bool tls_done : 1;		/* Already allocated offset for static TLS */
241     bool phdr_alloc : 1;	/* Phdr is allocated and needs to be freed. */
242     bool z_origin : 1;		/* Process rpath and soname tokens */
243     bool z_nodelete : 1;	/* Do not unload the object and dependencies */
244     bool z_noopen : 1;		/* Do not load on dlopen */
245     bool z_loadfltr : 1;	/* Immediately load filtees */
246     bool ref_nodel : 1;		/* Refcount increased to prevent dlclose */
247     bool init_scanned: 1;	/* Object is already on init list. */
248     bool on_fini_list: 1;	/* Object is already on fini list. */
249     bool dag_inited : 1;	/* Object has its DAG initialized. */
250     bool filtees_loaded : 1;	/* Filtees loaded */
251     bool irelative : 1;		/* Object has R_MACHDEP_IRELATIVE relocs */
252     bool gnu_ifunc : 1;		/* Object has references to STT_GNU_IFUNC */
253     bool crt_no_init : 1;	/* Object' crt does not call _init/_fini */
254 
255     struct link_map linkmap;	/* For GDB and dlinfo() */
256     Objlist dldags;		/* Object belongs to these dlopened DAGs (%) */
257     Objlist dagmembers;		/* DAG has these members (%) */
258     dev_t dev;			/* Object's filesystem's device */
259     ino_t ino;			/* Object's inode number */
260     void *priv;			/* Platform-dependent */
261 } Obj_Entry;
262 
263 #define RTLD_MAGIC	0xd550b87a
264 #define RTLD_VERSION	1
265 
266 #define RTLD_STATIC_TLS_EXTRA	128
267 
268 /* Flags to be passed into symlook_ family of functions. */
269 #define SYMLOOK_IN_PLT	0x01	/* Lookup for PLT symbol */
270 #define SYMLOOK_DLSYM	0x02	/* Return newest versioned symbol. Used by
271 				   dlsym. */
272 #define	SYMLOOK_EARLY	0x04	/* Symlook is done during initialization. */
273 
274 /* Flags for load_object(). */
275 #define	RTLD_LO_NOLOAD	0x01	/* dlopen() specified RTLD_NOLOAD. */
276 #define	RTLD_LO_DLOPEN	0x02	/* Load_object() called from dlopen(). */
277 #define	RTLD_LO_TRACE	0x04	/* Only tracing. */
278 #define	RTLD_LO_NODELETE 0x08	/* Loaded object cannot be closed. */
279 #define	RTLD_LO_FILTEES 0x10	/* Loading filtee. */
280 #define	RTLD_LO_EARLY	0x20	/* Do not call ctors, postpone it to the
281 				   initialization during the image start. */
282 
283 /*
284  * Symbol cache entry used during relocation to avoid multiple lookups
285  * of the same symbol.
286  */
287 typedef struct Struct_SymCache {
288     const Elf_Sym *sym;		/* Symbol table entry */
289     const Obj_Entry *obj;	/* Shared object which defines it */
290 } SymCache;
291 
292 /*
293  * This structure provides a reentrant way to keep a list of objects and
294  * check which ones have already been processed in some way.
295  */
296 typedef struct Struct_DoneList {
297     const Obj_Entry **objs;		/* Array of object pointers */
298     unsigned int num_alloc;		/* Allocated size of the array */
299     unsigned int num_used;		/* Number of array slots used */
300 } DoneList;
301 
302 struct Struct_RtldLockState {
303 	int lockstate;
304 	sigjmp_buf env;
305 };
306 
307 /*
308  * The pack of arguments and results for the symbol lookup functions.
309  */
310 typedef struct Struct_SymLook {
311     const char *name;
312     unsigned long hash;
313     const Ver_Entry *ventry;
314     int flags;
315     const Obj_Entry *defobj_out;
316     const Elf_Sym *sym_out;
317     struct Struct_RtldLockState *lockstate;
318 } SymLook;
319 
320 void _rtld_error(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
321 const char *rtld_strerror(int);
322 Obj_Entry *map_object(int, const char *, const struct stat *);
323 void *xcalloc(size_t, size_t);
324 void *xmalloc(size_t);
325 char *xstrdup(const char *);
326 extern Elf_Addr _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_[];
327 extern Elf_Sym sym_zero;	/* For resolving undefined weak refs. */
328 
329 void dump_relocations(Obj_Entry *);
330 void dump_obj_relocations(Obj_Entry *);
331 void dump_Elf_Rel(Obj_Entry *, const Elf_Rel *, u_long);
332 void dump_Elf_Rela(Obj_Entry *, const Elf_Rela *, u_long);
333 
334 /*
335  * Function declarations.
336  */
337 unsigned long elf_hash(const char *);
338 const Elf_Sym *find_symdef(unsigned long, const Obj_Entry *,
339   const Obj_Entry **, int, SymCache *, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
340 void init_pltgot(Obj_Entry *);
341 void lockdflt_init(void);
342 void digest_notes(Obj_Entry *, Elf_Addr, Elf_Addr);
343 void obj_free(Obj_Entry *);
344 Obj_Entry *obj_new(void);
345 void _rtld_bind_start(void);
346 void *rtld_resolve_ifunc(const Obj_Entry *obj, const Elf_Sym *def);
347 void symlook_init(SymLook *, const char *);
348 int symlook_obj(SymLook *, const Obj_Entry *);
349 void *tls_get_addr_common(Elf_Addr** dtvp, int index, size_t offset);
350 void *allocate_tls(Obj_Entry *, void *, size_t, size_t);
351 void free_tls(void *, size_t, size_t);
352 void *allocate_module_tls(int index);
353 bool allocate_tls_offset(Obj_Entry *obj);
354 void free_tls_offset(Obj_Entry *obj);
355 const Ver_Entry *fetch_ventry(const Obj_Entry *obj, unsigned long);
356 
357 /*
358  * MD function declarations.
359  */
360 int do_copy_relocations(Obj_Entry *);
361 int reloc_non_plt(Obj_Entry *, Obj_Entry *, int flags,
362     struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
363 int reloc_plt(Obj_Entry *);
364 int reloc_jmpslots(Obj_Entry *, int flags, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
365 int reloc_iresolve(Obj_Entry *, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
366 int reloc_gnu_ifunc(Obj_Entry *, int flags, struct Struct_RtldLockState *);
367 void allocate_initial_tls(Obj_Entry *);
368 
369 #endif /* } */
370